2026年高考英语外刊精练候鸟的迁徙之旅、生态价值与生存困境 -2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

**基本信息** 以候鸟生态主题为载体，整合阅读技能与语言知识，通过外刊语篇系统训练阅读理解、表达及语法应用，凸显语言能力与思维品质培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|4题（细节/推理等）|细节定位、推理判断|以生态功能-生存困境-保护措施为逻辑主线，考查信息提取与逻辑分析| |阅读表达|2题|信息转述与整合|基于原文关键信息，训练精准语言表达能力| |语法填空|10空|非谓语、从句等语法规则|围绕主题语境，强化语法知识在语篇中的应用|

2026年高考英语外刊精练 候鸟的迁徙之旅、生态价值与生存困境 Twice a year, when animals like bears and squirrels are either curling up for a deep sleep or stretching their way into spring, migratory birds are getting ready to take epic journeys over land and sea. And in so doing, they play a crucial role in keeping nature in balance. As they fly from one place to another, pollinating plants, spreading seeds and controlling pests by eating insects and other invertebrates (无脊椎动物), they help to maintain ecosystem health, which in turn contributes to food security. And that’s not all. Francisco Rilla, a wildlife biologist and consultant to the UN, said migratory birds also serve as “bioindicators”. In other words, because they tend to avoid polluted areas, their movements provide useful information in the assessment of water and air quality. Migrating birds use the sun, stars, coastlines and large bodies of water to guide them on their journeys across the world. But some places where they stop to rest and refuel along the coasts are being altered by floods connected to rising sea levels. Small crustaceans (甲壳动物), which are an important food source for migratory birds, can struggle to build their shells and skeletons (骨架) in oceans made more acidic by having to absorb more carbon dioxide. And this has a knock-on effect on migratory birds. Without sufficient food, they are less likely to survive tough journeys or successfully reproduce. Though humans often feed birds, Rilla said putting food out for migratory birds can do them more harm than good. If they are given bread and seeds meant for people, they might feel too full to eat the things that provide them with crucial nutrients. He added that putting food in places where it will be easy to spot could expose birds to predators. Instead, Rilla recommended helping these travelers by urging governments to expand the network of protected areas through international treaties. This year’s World Migratory Bird Day emphasizes promoting the coexistence between humans and birds. If migratory birds start to disappear, it could affect agriculture and the food chain. In other words, as Rilla said, “whatever happens to them could also happen to us.” 一、阅读理解 1. What core ecological function do migratory birds perform according to the passage? A. Raising the quality of agricultural products B. Maintaining the balance of natural ecosystems C. Recording the migration routes of other wildlife D. Offering inspiration for aircraft design 2. What indirect harm does climate change bring to migratory birds? A. It messes up their navigation system B. It reduces their major food supplies C. It directly pollutes their rest habitats D. It shortens their annual migration distance 3. What effective measure does Rilla recommend to protect migratory birds? A. Providing specially made nutrient-rich artificial feed B. Building secure feeding spots along all coastal areas C. Promoting global expansion of protected wildlife areas D. Organizing lectures to teach people not to frighten birds 4. What can we infer from Rilla’s concluding words in the last paragraph? A. Humans and migratory birds share identical living risks B. Migratory birds cannot survive without human protection C. Bird extinction will immediately wipe out human agriculture D. The problems facing birds have nothing to do with mankind 2、 阅读表达 1. Why can migratory birds serve as "bioindicators" of environmental conditions? 2. Why is it unwise for people to feed migratory birds with bread and human grains? 3、 语法填空 Twice a year, migratory birds set off on long journeys across land and sea. They play a vital role 1. ________ (balance) nature: pollinating plants and feeding on pests, 2. ________ helps secure food supplies for humans. Francisco Rilla, consultant 3. ________ the UN, says birds are bioindicators. They avoid 4. ________ (pollute) areas, so their routes reflect air and water quality. Birds navigate by stars and coastlines, but coastal resting sites 5. ________ (damage) by flood waters from rising seas. Oceans absorb CO₂ and turn acidic, making it tough for crustaceans 6. ________ (grow) shells. Without enough food, birds can’t travel or reproduce 7. ________ (success). Feeding birds with bread does more harm than good. Visible food leaves them easy targets for 8. ________ (predator). Rilla recommends 9. ________ (expand) protected areas via international treaties. If birds die out, the whole food chain suffers. Whatever happens to 10. ________ (they) will affect us too. 2026年高考英语外刊精练 参考答案 一、阅读理解 1. B 2. B 3. C 4. A 二、阅读表达 1. They tend to stay away from polluted areas, so their migration tracks can help scientists judge water and air quality. 2. Such food fills birds up quickly and stops them from taking in necessary natural nutrients, and exposed food will attract their predators. 三、语法填空 to balance 不定式作目的状语 which 非限制性定语从句 to 固定搭配 consultant to polluted 过去分词作定语 are being damaged 现在进行时被动 to grow 固定句型 make it hard for…to do successfully 副词修饰动词 predators 名词复数 expanding recommend doing 动名词作宾语 them 宾格作介词宾语 总 结 单词短语 migrate v. 迁徙；迁移 curl v. 蜷缩 curl up 蜷缩 stretch v. 舒展；延伸 stretch one’s way 一路前行 maintain v. 维持；保持（写作高分词，=keep） contribute v. 促成；贡献 短语：contribute to 导致；有助于 assess v. 评估 名词：assessment n. 评估 recommend v. 建议 考点：recommend doing sth. 建议做某事 emphasize v. 强调 play a crucial role in 在…… 中起关键作用 in so doing 借此；在这一过程中 in turn 反过来；继而 serve as 充当；担任 tend to do sth. 倾向于做某事；往往会 large bodies of water 大片水域 connected to 与…… 相关联 have a knock-on effect on 对…… 产生连锁反应 参考译文 一年两度，当熊、松鼠这类动物要么蜷起身子酣然冬眠，要么苏醒舒展、迎接春日之时，候鸟便准备开启跨越陆地与海洋的漫长迁徙之旅。 在迁徙途中，候鸟对维持自然平衡发挥着至关重要的作用。它们往返各地，为植物授粉、传播种子，还捕食昆虫与其他无脊椎动物以抑制虫害，助力维持生态系统健康，进而保障粮食安全。除此之外，联合国顾问、野生动物生物学家弗朗西斯科·里亚表示，候鸟还可充当“生物指示物”。也就是说，候鸟天生会避开污染区域，因此它们的迁徙轨迹能为水质、空气质量评估提供有效参考依据。 候鸟依靠太阳、星辰、海岸线与大型水域辨别方向，完成环球迁徙。但海平面上升引发洪水，正在改变海岸沿线供候鸟停歇、补充能量的中途栖息地。海洋因吸收大量二氧化碳而酸性加剧，小型甲壳类动物（候鸟的重要食物来源）难以形成外壳与骨骼。这会对候鸟产生连锁负面影响：食物短缺之下，它们很难熬过艰苦的迁徙路程，也难以顺利繁衍后代。 很多人习惯投喂鸟类，但里亚称，人为给候鸟喂食弊大于利。人类食用的面包、谷物会让候鸟饱腹，使其无法摄入自身必需的营养物质。他还补充，若把食物放在显眼处，候鸟极易遭到天敌捕食。对此，里亚提出建议：人们应当呼吁各国政府签订国际公约，扩大自然保护区网络，以此保护这些迁徙生灵。 今年世界候鸟日的主题核心是推动人与鸟类和谐共生。倘若候鸟逐渐消亡，农业生产与整条食物链都会遭受重创。正如里亚所言：“发生在它们身上的一切，终将降临到人类身上。” 英语试题第 1 页（共 4 页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $