Unit4语法讲解及习题：动词-ing形式 & 动词-ed形式2026-2027学年译林版英语九年级上册

该初中英语讲义围绕动词-ing与动词-ed形式构建系统知识体系，通过“四大核心用法”梳理动名词作主语/宾语、宾语补足语及形容词用法，结合变形规则表呈现语法要点，利用“-ing vs -ed终极区分表格”和课本原句对比，清晰呈现重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计，题型涵盖动词变形填空（如“This is an ______ (amaze) story”）、句型改写（如用动名词改写“To help others is important”）等，通过逐题解析强化语言能力。对比表格与原句分析培养思维品质，不同题型满足分层需求，助力学生自主复习，为教师精准教学提供支持。

译林英语九上Unit4语法讲解及习题： 动词-ing形式 & 动词-ed形式 一、语法板块 A：Using verb-ing（动词 - ing 形式） （一）四大核心用法 1. 动词 - ing 作名词（动名词），充当主语 / 宾语 1）作主语：放在句首，表一件事、一个行为 例句（单元话题：有意义的人生、奉献他人） Showing care to others makes our life meaningful. 关爱他人让我们的人生富有意义。 2）作宾语：放在动词 / 介词后 固定搭配动词后只能接 doing：enjoy, practise, finish, mind, suggest, imagine 等 例句：She likes helping people in her free time. 2. 动词 - ing 作宾语补足语 搭配感官动词：see /hear/watch /feel/catch + sb + doing 强调动作正在进行 I saw him giving food to the old man.（我看见他正在给老人分发食物） 3. 动词 - ing 作形容词（令人…… 的） 修饰事物，表主动、事物本身带来的感受，放在名词前或系动词后 an amazing story 一个令人震撼的故事 The work is satisfying. 这份工作令人有成就感。 （二）变形规则 1. 一般直接加 - ing：work-working 2. 以不发音 e 结尾，去 e 加 - ing：live-living 3. 重读闭音节双写尾字母：run-running, sit-sitting 二、语法板块 B：Using verb-ed（动词 - ed 形式） （一）核心用法：作形容词（感到…… 的） 1. 修饰人，描述人的主观感受，表被动含义 对比区分： · exciting（令人激动的，事 / 物）；excited（感到激动的，人） · interesting（有趣的事物）；interested（人感到感兴趣） 2. 位置：名词前 /be/get/feel 等系动词后 搭配固定短语：be interested in；be satisfied with；be tired of （二）-ing vs -ed 终极区分表格 形式 含义 修饰对象 例句 verb-ing 令人……（主动，事物特质） 物品、事情、工作 The job is challenging. 这份工作充满挑战。 verb-ed 感到……（被动，人的感受） 人 I feel challenged by the hard work. 这份辛苦工作让我倍感压力。 （三）课本原句对比 The work is satisfying.（工作令人满足，-ing 修饰物） He is satisfied with his work.（他对工作感到满足，-ed 修饰人） 三、综合练习题 题型一：动词变形填空 用括号内动词正确形式填空 1. This is an __________ (amaze) story about helpful doctors. 2. I feel __________ (amaze) at how much she devotes to helping others. 3. The job is __________ (tire), but I never feel __________ (tire) of it. 4. __________ (live) a meaningful life needs us to care for others. 5. I heard her __________ (talk) with old people in the community. 6. He is __________ (interest) in voluntary work, because it’s __________ (interest). 7. __________ (help) others brings me great happiness. 8. The news is __________ (excite), and everyone feels __________ (excite). 9. She enjoys __________ (spend) her spare time doing volunteer jobs. 10. We imagined __________ (become) people who can bring warmth to society. 题型二：选词填空（给定词变 - ed 形式 ） 词库：excite, worry, challenge, tire, annoy, satisfy, relax, surprise 1. Don’t be __________ when others hold different ideas. 2. I’m __________ with my life because I always try my best to help people. 3. Many young people feel __________ when they face hard jobs. 4. He was __________ about his grandma’s health. 5. We felt __________ after finishing all the voluntary work. 6. The kids were __________ to join the activity of helping homeless people. 7. She felt __________ at the good news that she could do meaningful work. 8. Don’t get __________ by small troubles in life. 题型三：句型改写 & 合并句子 1. To help others is important.（用动名词作主语改写） 2. The movie moves me. It is moving.（用 - ed 形容词改写人的感受） 3. I watched them. They cleaned the community park.（用 see sb doing 合并） 4. It is relaxing to do voluntary work.（动名词放句首） 5. He feels bored with easy work.（对应 - ing 形容词改写事物） 6. She finishes her work. Then she helps the elderly.（用 enjoy doing 改写） 7. The volunteer work is surprising. People feel surprised. 对比两句翻译 题型四：单项选择 1. __________ others is a meaningful way to live. A. Help B. Helping C. Helped D. Helps 2. The job is very __________, and I feel __________ every day. A. tiring; tired B. tired; tiring C. tiring; tiring D. tired; tired 3. I saw him __________ old cross the road just now. A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped 4. She is __________ in voluntary work because it is __________. A. interesting; interested B. interested; interesting C. interest; interesting D. interested; interest 5. Everyone enjoys __________ warm to people around them. A. being B. be C. to be D. been 6. We all felt __________ when we heard the __________ news. A. exciting; excited B. excited; exciting C. excited; excited D. exciting; exciting 7. Don’t get __________ by small difficulties in your life. A. worrying B. worried C. worry D. worries 8. __________ your spare time doing good things can make you happy. A. Spend B. Spent C. Spending D. To spending 四、参考答案 + 逐题解析 题型一 动词变形答案 + 解析 1. amazing 解析：修饰事物 story，用 - ing 形容词 “令人震撼的” 2. amazed 解析：主语 I 是人，表 “感到震撼” 用 - ed 3. tiring; tired 解析：第一空修饰 job 事物，tiring 令人疲惫的；第二空人感到疲惫 tired 4. Living 解析：动名词作句子主语，表 “过有意义的人生” 这件事 5. talking 解析：hear sb doing 听见某人正在做某事 6. interested; interesting 解析：be interested in 固定搭配人感兴趣；it 指代 work 事物用 interesting 7. Helping 解析：动名词作主语，谓语 brings 为单数 8. exciting; excited 解析：news 事物用 exciting；everyone 人感到激动 excited 9. spending 解析：enjoy 后固定接动名词 doing 10. becoming 解析：imagine 后只能接 doing，想象成为…… 题型二 -ed 形容词填空答案 + 解析 1. annoyed 解析：be annoyed 感到恼火，修饰人 2. satisfied 解析：be satisfied with 固定搭配，对…… 感到满足 3. challenged 解析：feel challenged 感到有压力、受到挑战 4. worried 解析：be worried about 担心…… 5. relaxed 解析：完成志愿工作后感到放松，人用 relaxed 6. excited 解析：孩子们对活动感到兴奋，人用 excited 7. surprised 解析：听到好消息感到惊喜，人用 surprised 8. worried 解析：不要为小事忧心，get worried 感到焦虑 题型三 句型改写答案 + 解析 1. Helping others is important. 解析：动名词 Helping 作主语，替代不定式 To help 2. I am moved by the movie. 解析：人作主语，用 - ed 形容词 moved 表 “感到感动” 3. I watched them cleaning the community park. 解析：watch sb doing 看见某人正在做某事 4. Doing voluntary work is relaxing. 解析：动名词 doing 放句首充当主语 5. Easy work is boring. 解析：事物 work 用 - ing 形容词 boring 令人乏味的 6. She enjoys helping the elderly after finishing her work. 解析：enjoy 后接 doing，两个动名词结构 7. 志愿工作令人意外（surprising 修饰事物）；人们感到意外（surprised 修饰人） 题型四 单项选择答案 + 解析 1. B 解析：动名词 Helping 作句子主语，动词原形不能单独放句首作主语 2. A 解析：job 事物 tiring；I 人 tired 3. C 解析：see sb doing 看见动作正在发生 4. B 解析：be interested in 固定搭配；work 事物用 interesting 5. A 解析：enjoy + doing，be warm to people 善待他人 6. B 解析：人 feel excited；news 事物 exciting 7. B 解析：get worried 感到担忧，ed 形容词描述人的感受 8. C 解析：Spending 动名词作整句主语 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $