内容正文:
重点语法--形容词和副词的比较等级
比较级的用法
用法
例句
“比较级+than”,表示“比”
My brother Bob is more hard-working than me.
“the+比较级,the+比较级”,表示“越……,越……”
The more fruit you eat,the healthier you will be.
“比较级+and+比较级”,表示“越来越……”
Our city is becoming cleaner and cleaner.
“the+比较级+of the two…”,表示“两者中比较……的一个”
He is the more active of the two boys.
“Which/Who+is/谓语动词+比较级,A or B?”, 表示“两者相比较,哪个/谁更……?”
Which is nearer to the sun, the moon or the earth?
“比较级+than any other+可数名词单数” =“比较级+than the other+可数名词复数”,表示“比任何一个人/物都……”(比较级形式表最高级含义)
Li Gang is taller than any other student in his class.=Li Gang is taller than the other students in his class.
“A+be/谓语动词+倍数+比较级+than+B”, 表示“A几倍于B”
My apples are three times more than yours.
根据语境判断比较级
This pair of shoes is too big for me, so I want to change for a smaller one.
最高级的用法
“the+最高级+of/in+比较范围”,表示“……是……中最……”(三者或三者以上的)
This picture is the best of all in the box.
“one of the+最高级+可数名词复数+比较范围”,表示“……中最……之一”
Qipao is one of the most traditional dresses in China.
“the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数+比较范围”,表示“A是……中第几最……”
She is the second tallest girl in our class.
“Which/Who+be+the+最高级,A, B or C?”,表示“三者比较,哪个/谁最……?”
Who is the tallest in your class, Tom, Kate or Bill?
否定词+比较级(+than)或can't/couldn't+比较级(否定词有not, no, never, nothing等)
Nobody could do the work better than he did.
根据语境判断最高级
There are four seasons in a year. Autumn is the best one.
针对性练习
一、单项选择
1.My sister is as ________ as I am. We both like helping others.
A.friend B.friendly C.more friendly D.the friendliest
2.—I think Tony is as ________ as his elder sister.
—Right. But his elder sister is much ________ than him.
A.smart; hard-working B.smarter; hard-working
C.smarter; more hard-working D.smart; more hard-working
3.Baoji isn’t so large ________ Xi’an. But it’s the second ________ city in Shaanxi.
A.as; largest B.as; large C.like; large D.like; largest
4.—Shall we climb Mount Tai?
—OK. Just as the Chinese saying goes, to hear a hundred times is ________ to see once.
A.as good as B.not so good as C.as well as D.not so well as
5.—Which club do you like better, the art club or the AI club?
—I think the AI club is ________ than the art club?
A.enjoyable B.most enjoyable C.more enjoyable D.the most enjoyable
6.—Who is ________, Tina or Tara?
—I think Tina is.
A.an more outgoing B.more outgoing
C.most outgoing D.the most outgoing
7.—How’s the weather in November? Leaves are turning yellow.
—It’s getting ________ as winter is coming.
A.cold and cold B.the colder and colder
C.more cold and cold D.colder and colder
8.The ________ you are, the ________ mistakes you will make.
A.careful; few B.careful; fewer C.more careful; few D.more careful; fewer
9.China has a ________ population (人口) than ________ country in the world.
A.large; any B.large; any other C.larger; any D.larger; any other
10.Beijing is bigger than ________ in Jiangsu.
A.all the cities B.all the city C.any other city D.the other city
11.Shanghai is much larger than ________ in France and it is larger than ________ in China.
A.any city; any other cities B.any other city; the other cities
C.any other city; any city D.any city; the other cities
12.—I think Downton Abbey is the best film that I have ever seen.
—I agree with you. There isn’t ________ one.
A.a best B.a better C.the better D.the best
13.Of the two girls, Lucy is ________ one.
A.quiet B.quieter C.more quiet D.the quieter
14.Andrew runs ________ faster than me, so he always wins the race.
A.many B.much C.more D.most
15.Which do you like ________, the red pen, the green pen or the blue pen?
A.good B.best C.better D.well
16.The Great Wall is ________ man-made structures in the world.
A.long B.longer C.the longest D.the longer
17.We all know that the Nile River (尼罗河) is the _________ river in the world.
A.higher B.highest C.longer D.longest
18.— Do you know Shanghai is one of ________ in the world?
— Yes, it’s bigger than ________ city in China.
A.the biggest city; other B.the biggest cities; other
C.the biggest cities; any D.the biggest cities; any other
19.As the second ________ island in China, the area of Hainan Island is smaller than ________ of Taiwan.
A.larger; it B.large; that C.largest; / D.largest; that
20.—Is the Yangtze River ________ river in the world?
—No, it isn’t.
A.the second long B.a second longest C.the second longer D.the second longest
二、单词填空
21.Matt writes as (careful) as his brother.
22.Bob swims better than I, but he doesn’t swim so (good) as my brother.
23.In southern China, many places have warmer weather and the flowers there come out (early).
24.Practise more, and you will solve math problems (easy).
25.The you finish the homework, the better grades you will get. (careful)
26.Who comes to school (early), Tara or Tina?
27.Of all the after-school activities, Tom likes painting the (little) because he thinks it’s boring.
28.Which animal jumps (high), the lion, the monkey, or the tree frog?
29.Among all the students, he studies . (hard)
30.It’s raining a little (heavy) in my town than in yours.
参考答案
题号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
答案
B
D
A
B
C
B
D
D
D
A
题号
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
答案
D
B
D
B
B
C
D
D
D
D
1.B
句意:我妹妹和我一样友好。我们都喜欢帮助别人。
考查形容词原级。根据“My sister is as...as I am.”可知,此处是“as+形容词原级+as”结构,表示“和……一样……”,因此用形容词friendly“友好的”。故选B。
2.D
句意:——我认为托尼和他姐姐一样聪明。——对。但是他姐姐比他勤奋得多。
考查形容词原级和比较级。smart聪明的,形容词原级;smarter更聪明的,形容词比较级;hard-working勤奋的,形容词原级;more hard-working更勤奋的,形容词比较级。根据“as...as”可知,第一空应该用形容词原级,表示“和……一样”,所以第一空用smart;根据“than”可知,第二空应该用形容词比较级,表示“比……更……”,所以第二空用more hard-working。故选D。
3.A
句意:宝鸡不像西安那么大,但它是陕西第二大城市。
考查固定搭配和形容词最高级用法。第一个空是固定搭配“not so...as”表示“不像……一样”,故用as,不用like;第二个空“序数词+最高级”表示“第几最……”,故用largest。故选A。
4.B
句意:——我们去爬泰山好吗?——好的。正如中国谚语所说,百闻不如一见。
考查形容词原级。as good as与……一样好;not so good as不如……好;as well as和,以及;not so well as不太好。根据“to hear a hundred times is … to see once”可知,此处指的是“听一百遍也不如看一遍”,is是系动词,后接形容词作表语,此处应用否定形式。故选B。
5.C
句意:——你更喜欢哪个俱乐部,美术俱乐部还是AI俱乐部?——我认为AI俱乐部比美术俱乐部更令人愉快。
考查形容词比较级。根据“than”可知,此处用于两者的比较,用比较级形式more enjoyable。故选C。
6.B
句意:——谁更外向,蒂娜还是塔拉?——我认为蒂娜是更外向的。
考查形容词比较级用法。the more outgoing更外向的,比较级,带有定冠词the,表示特指;more outgoing外向的,比较级;most outgoing最外向的,最高级;the most outgoing最外向的,最高级。根据“Tina or Tara”可知,这里比较两个人,应使用比较级形式,outgoing“外向的”,为多音节形容词,其比较级为more outgoing。故选B。
7.D
句意:——十一月的天气怎么样?树叶正在变黄。——随着冬天的来临,天气越来越冷了。
考查形容词比较级的用法。cold and cold表述错误;the colder and colder表述错误;more cold and cold表述错误;colder and colder越来越冷。根据“It’s getting...as winter is coming”可知,此处表示天越来越冷了,“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”,cold的比较级是colder,所以用colder and colder。故选D。
8.D
句意:你越小心,你犯的错误就越少。
考查“the + 比较级, the + 比较级”结构。careful小心的;few很少的 (用于可数名词);fewer更少的;more careful更小心的。根据固定句型“the + 比较级, the + 比较级”表示“越……,就越……”,第一个空需用careful的比较级more careful (因careful为双音节形容词);第二个空修饰可数名词mistakes,需用few的比较级fewer表示“更少的错误”。故选D。
9.D
句意:中国的人口比世界上任何其他国家都多。
考查形容词比较级的用法。large大的,原级;larger更大的,比较级;any任何;any other任何其他的。根据“than”可知第一空要用比较级larger;中国属于世界上的国家,所以第二空用any other表示同一范围内和其他任何一个国家比较,符合语境。故选D。
10.A
句意:北京比江苏所有的城市都大。
考查比较级中范围的表达。all the cities指所有城市;all the city表述错误,all后接可数名词复数;any other city指同一范围内的其他任何一个城市;the other city指两者中的 “另一个城市”。根据“Beijing is bigger than…in Jiangsu.”可知,北京不属于江苏省,比较时需用“比某一范围所有事物都……”的表达,all the cities符合语境。故选A。
11.D
句意:上海比法国的任何城市都大得多,也比中国的其他城市都大。
考查不定代词。 any任意一个,不限范围;any other+单数名词:其他任意一个,表示同一类别中的其他任意一个;the other+复数名词:其他的……,表示特定范围的剩余全部。第一空:比较对象是“法国的城市”,上海不属于法国,直接用“any city”表示“任何城市”。第二空:比较对象是“中国的其他城市”,上海属于中国,需用“the other cities”排除自身。故选D。
12.B
句意:——我认为《唐顿庄园》是我看过的最好的电影。——我同意你的看法。没有比这更好的电影了。
考查比较级在否定句中的用法。a best错误表达,最高级前通常需用the;a better一个更好的;the better那个更好的,表示特指;the best最好的,表示最高级。根据“I agree with you.”可知,答话人认同说话人的观点,即认为没有比《唐顿庄园》更好的电影了,“There isn’t a better one.”是“否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义的结构,意思是“没有比这更好的了”,等同于“这是最好的”。故选B。
13.D
句意:在两个女孩中,露西是较安静的那个。
考查形容词比较级和定冠词的用法。quiet安静的,形容词原级;quieter较安静的,形容词比较级;more quiet结构错误;the quieter较安静的,the+形容词比较级。根据“Of the two girls”可知,此处表示两者比较,要用比较级,在两者比较时,常用“the+比较级”,特指两者中“较……的那个”。故选D。
14.B
句意:Andrew跑得比我快得多,所以他总是赢得比赛。
考查比较级的修饰词。many许多,修饰可数名词复数;much许多,修饰不可数名词和比较级;more更多,比较级;most最多,最高级。根据“…faster than me”可知,这里表示跑得比我“快得多”,用much修饰比较级faster。故选B。
15.B
句意:红色的钢笔、绿色的钢笔和蓝色的钢笔,你最喜欢哪一支?
考查副词最高级。good好的;best最好地;better更好;well好地。 根据“the red pen, the green pen or the blue pen”可知,是在三者之间进行比较,要用最高级形式,like...best表示“最喜欢……”,故选B。
16.C
句意:长城是世界上最长的人造结构。
考查形容词最高级用法。long“长的”,是形容词,根据“in the world”可知,此处应用其最高级形式,故选C。
17.D
句意:我们都知道尼罗河是世界上最长的河流。
考查形容词最高级。higher更高的;highest最高的;longer更长的;longest最长的。根据常识,尼罗河是世界上最长的河流,且空格前有“the”,后有比较范围“in the world”,因此应用形容词最高级longest。故选D。
18.D
句意:——你知道上海是世界上最大的城市之一吗?——是的,它比中国任何其他城市都大。
本题考查固定搭配和形容词辨析。根据“— Do you know Shanghai is one of ... in the world? — Yes, it’s bigger than ... city in China.”可知,在“one of +形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构中,其后必须接复数名词,表示“其中之一”,因此需用the biggest cities“最大的城市们”。第二个空所在句子中,主语“Shanghai”属于中国城市,为避免与自身比较,需用“any other”(任何其他)来排除自身,表示“比中国范围内其他所有城市都大”。故选D。
19.D
句意:作为中国的第二大岛屿,海南岛的面积比台湾岛的面积小。
考查形容词最高级和指示代词。larger更大的,比较级;largest最大的,最高级;it它,指代同一事物;that指代同类不同物;/不填。根据“As the second...island in China”可知,“the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数”是固定结构,表示“第几最……”,所以第一空要用最高级“largest”;第二空是海南岛的面积和台湾岛的面积作比较,为了避免重复,用“that”来指代前面提到的“the area”,所以正确答案是“largest, that”。故选D。
20.D
句意:——长江是世界上第二长的河流吗?——不,它不是。
考查形容词最高级的用法。 根据“... river in the world”可知,此处表达“第二长的河”,要用“the+序数词+形容词最高级”的结构,选项D符合结构。故选D。
21.carefully
句意:Matt和他哥哥一样认真地写作。as+形容词/副词原级+as表示“和……一样……”,空处修饰动词writes应用副词carefully“认真地”。故填carefully。
22.well
句意:鲍勃游得比我好,但他不如我兄弟游得好。not so ... as“不及……”,中间用形容词或副词原级,此处修饰动词swim,用副词形式,good的副词为well“好”。故填well。
23.earlier
句意:在中国南方,许多地方的天气比较暖和,那里的花开放得更早。根据“many places have warmer weather and the flowers there come out...”可知,天气更暖和,花开得更早,应用副词early的比较级形式earlier。故填earlier。
24.more easily
句意:多练习,你就能更轻松地解数学题了。句子隐含练习前后解题难度的对比,需用比较级;easy的副词是easily,其比较级为more easily,在句中作状语,修饰“solve math problems”,体现“练习后更轻松解题”的语境。故填more easily。
25.more carefully
句意:你完成作业越认真,你的成绩就会越好。careful“认真的”,此处修饰动词finish需用副词形式carefully。“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,越……”,因此填副词的比较级。故填more carefully。
26.earlier
句意:谁到校更早,Tara还是Tina?根据“Tara or Tina”可知,这是选择疑问句,比较对象是Tara和Tina两人,需用形容词/副词的比较级形式,空格修饰动词“comes”,需用副词early;early的比较级为earlier。故填earlier。
27.least
句意:在所有的课外活动中,汤姆最不喜欢画画,因为他觉得画画很无聊。根据“Of all the after-school activities”可知,此处是在所有的课外活动中进行比较,三者及以上比较用最高级,little的最高级是least。故填least。
28.highest/the highest
句意:狮子、猴子和树蛙,哪一种动物跳得最高?根据“the lion, the monkey, or the tree frog”可知,此处用最高级,此处high为副词,修饰动词“jumps”,其最高级为highest,定冠词the可以省略。故填(the) highest。
29.hardest
句意:在所有学生之中,他最努力学习。hard“努力地”,副词,根据“Among all the students”可知,此处应用最高级,hard的最高级为hardest。故填hardest。
30.more heavily
句意:我所在城镇的雨下得比你所在城镇的雨稍微大一点。根据“than”可知,此处使用副词比较级作状语,heavy“重的,大的”,形容词,其副词为heavily,比较级为more heavily。故填more heavily。
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$