内容正文:
人教版七年级上册英语
STARTER UNIT 3 Welcome!
重点知识梳理
新课标 · 全面提升
重点单词
重点单词讲解
重点短语
重点短语讲解
重点句型
重点句型讲解
重要知识点
重要知识点讲解
一、重点单词
本单元围绕"欢迎参观院子与农场"展开,重点掌握动植物名称、数字及指示代词相关词汇。
单词
音标与词性
中文释义
fun
/fʌn/ n.
乐趣;快乐
yard
/jɑːd/ n.
院子;庭院
farm
/fɑːm/ n.
农场;农庄
plant
/plɑːnt/ n.
植物;种植
animal
/ˈænɪml/ n.
动物
cat
/kæt/ n.
猫
dog
/dɒɡ/ n.
狗
duck
/dʌk/ n.
鸭子
goose
/ɡuːs/ n.
鹅(单数)
geese
/ɡiːs/ n.
goose 的复数形式,鹅
rabbit
/ˈræbɪt/ n.
兔子
chicken
/ˈtʃɪkɪn/ n.
鸡;小鸡
chickens
chicken 的复数形式
baby chicken
小鸡(幼鸡)
pig
/pɪɡ/ n.
猪
cow
/kaʊ/ n.
奶牛;母牛
sheep
/ʃiːp/ n.
羊(复数同形)
horse
/hɔːs/ n.
马
tomato
/təˈmɑːtəʊ/ n.
西红柿;番茄
carrot
/ˈkærət/ n.
胡萝卜
potato
/pəˈteɪtəʊ/ n.
土豆;马铃薯
flower
/ˈflaʊə(r)/ n.
花;花朵
tree
/triː/ n.
树;树木
apple tree
苹果树
grass
/ɡrɑːs/ n.
草;草地
lake
/leɪk/ n.
湖;湖泊
house
/haʊs/ n.
房子;住宅
home
/həʊm/ n.
家;家园
big
/bɪɡ/ adj.
大的;巨大的
small
/smɔːl/ adj.
小的
beautiful
/ˈbjuːtɪfl/ adj.
美丽的;漂亮的
green
/ɡriːn/ adj.
绿色的
black
/blæk/ adj.
黑色的
white
/waɪt/ adj.
白色的
brown
/braʊn/ adj.
棕色的
red
/red/ adj.
红色的
pink
/pɪŋk/ adj.
粉红色的
many
/ˈmeni/ det., pron.
许多的(修饰可数名词复数)
kind
/kaɪnd/ n.
种类;类型
many kinds of...
许多种类的……
look
/lʊk/ v.
看;看……
look at...
看……
see
/siː/ v.
看见;看到
count
/kaʊnt/ v.
数数;计算
behind
/bɪˈhaɪnd/ prep.
在……后面
another
/əˈnʌðə(r)/ adj. & pron.
另一个;又一个
else
/els/ adv.
其他的;别的
what else
其他什么;还有什么
this
/ðɪs/ det. & pron.
这;这个(近处单数)
that
/ðæt/ det. & pron.
那;那个(远处单数)
these
/ðiːz/ det. & pron.
这些(近处复数)
those
/ðəʊz/ det. & pron.
那些(远处复数)
how many
多少(询问可数名词数量)
one
/wʌn/ num.
一
two
/tuː/ num.
二
three
/θriː/ num.
三
four
/fɔː(r)/ num.
四
five
/faɪv/ num.
五
six
/sɪks/ num.
六
seven
/ˈsevn/ num.
七
eight
/eɪt/ num.
八
nine
/naɪn/ num.
九
ten
/ten/ num.
十
eleven
/ɪˈlevn/ num.
十一
twelve
/twelv/ num.
十二
thirteen
/ˌθɜːˈtiːn/ num.
十三
fourteen
/ˌfɔːˈtiːn/ num.
十四
fifteen
/ˌfɪfˈtiːn/ num.
十五
sixteen
/ˌsɪksˈtiːn/ num.
十六
seventeen
/ˌsevnˈtiːn/ num.
十七
eighteen
/ˌeɪˈtiːn/ num.
十八
nineteen
/ˌnaɪnˈtiːn/ num.
十九
twenty
/ˈtwenti/ num.
二十
uncle
/ˈʌŋkl/ n.
叔叔;舅舅;伯伯
aunt
/ɑːnt/ n.
阿姨;姑姑;婶婶
grandpa
/ˈɡrænpɑː/ n.
爷爷;外公
grandma
/ˈɡrænmɑː/ n.
奶奶;外婆
like
/laɪk/ v.
喜欢
don't
do not 的缩写
二、重点短语
短语
中文释义
What is fun in a yard?
院子里有什么好玩的?
What is fun on a farm?
农场里有什么好玩的?
What's this / that?
这是什么 / 那是什么?
What are these / those?
这些 / 那些是什么?
It's a cat / dog / duck.
它是一只猫 / 狗 / 鸭。
They're rabbit / carrot plants.
它们是兔子 / 胡萝卜植株。
How many ... does he have?
他有多少……?
How many ... can you see?
你能看到多少……?
Let me count.
让我数一数。
Look at the ...
看这 / 那……
many kinds of animals
许多种类的动物
This is my uncle's farm.
这是我叔叔的农场。
The grass is so green.
草是那么绿。
Another duck is behind the big tree.
另一只鸭子在大树后面。
That's my uncle's home.
那是我叔叔的家。
It's beautiful.
它是美丽的。
Do you like my uncle's farm?
你喜欢我叔叔的农场吗?
What else can you see?
你还能看到什么?
in your own words
用你自己的话
Design your own farm
设计你自己的农场
look there!
看那边!
三、重点句型
1. — What's this? — It's a cat.
2. — What's that? — They're carrot plants.
3. — What are these? — They're baby chickens.
4. — What are those? — They're apple trees.
5. — How many apple trees does Fu Xing's grandpa have? — Ten.
6. — How many rabbits does Fu Xing's grandpa have? — Eight.
7. How many ducks does my uncle have?
8. Let me count. One, two, three, four, five ... fourteen ducks!
9. Another duck is behind the big tree.
10. Look! This is my uncle's farm. It's a big farm.
11. The grass is so green. You can see many kinds of animals.
12. He has pigs, horses, cows, ducks, sheep, and chickens.
13. Do you see that house? That's my uncle's home.
14. It's beautiful. Do you like my uncle's farm?
15. — What do you have on your farm? — I have...
16. — How many of them do you have? — I have...
17. — What colour is it / are they? — It's / They're...
四、重点句型讲解
1. 指示代词:this / that / these / those
— What's this? — It's a cat. (这是……?——它是……)
— What's that? — That's my uncle's home. (那是……?——那是……)
— What are these? — They're baby chickens. (这些是……?——它们是……)
— What are those? — They're apple trees. (那些是……?——它们是……)
指示代词用于指代人或事物,分近远和单复数:
• this(这,这个):指代距离说话人较近的单数事物 → 回答用 it's
• that(那,那个):指代距离说话人较远的单数事物 → 回答用 it's / that's
• these(这些):指代距离说话人较近的复数事物 → 回答用 they're
• those(那些):指代距离说话人较远的复数事物 → 回答用 they're
2. 询问数量:How many...?
— How many apple trees does Fu Xing's grandpa have? — Ten.
— How many rabbits does Fu Xing's grandpa have? — Eight.
— How many ducks does my uncle have? — Fourteen.
A: How many ________ can you see? B: I can see _______.
How many 意为"多少",用于询问可数名词的数量。句型结构为:How many + 可数名词复数 + does/do + 主语 + have/see? 回答直接用数字。注意:第三人称单数主语后用 does,其他人称用 do。
3. 数数与列举:Let me count.
How many ducks does my uncle have? Let me count. One, two, three, four, five ... fourteen ducks!
Let me count 意为"让我数一数"。count 是动词"数数"。列举时从 one 开始依次递增,最后加上量词和名词。本单元要求掌握数字 1-20 的英文表达。
4. 描述农场:介绍动物种类与数量
Look! This is my uncle's farm. It's a big farm. The grass is so green. You can see many kinds of animals. He has pigs, horses, cows, ducks, sheep, and chickens.
这段话是描述农场的经典范文模板:
① 开头引入:This is ... It's a big/small/farm.
② 描写环境:The grass is ... You can see ...
③ 列举动物:He/She has ... and ...(用逗号分隔多种动物)
④ 提问互动:Do you like ...?
5. another 的用法
Fourteen ducks! Oh, no. Look there! Another duck is behind the big tree.
another 表示"另一个、再一个",指在原有数量基础上再加一个。常接可数名词单数:another duck(又一只鸭子)、another tree(又一棵树)。
6. Do you like...? 征询喜好
It's beautiful. Do you like my uncle's farm?
Do you like...? 用于询问对方是否喜欢某物。like 是实义动词"喜欢",疑问句需要借助助动词 do 构成。肯定回答 Yes, I do. 否定回答 No, I don't.
五、重点知识点及讲解
1. 数字 1-20 的英文表达
本单元系统学习基数词 1-20,需掌握拼写和读音:
范围
英文表达
1-10 基础词
one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten
11-12 特殊变化
eleven, twelve(不规则,需单独记忆)
13-19 规则变化
thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen(以 teen 结尾,表示"十几")
20 整十
twenty(以 ty 结尾,表示"二十")
2. 名词复数的特殊变化
本单元出现几个特殊复数形式,需特别注意:
单数 → 复数
说明
goose → geese
鹅(不规则变化,oo 变 ee)
sheep → sheep
羊(单复数同形)
mouse → mice
鼠(不规则变化,ouse 变 ice)
man → men
男人(a 变 e)
woman → women
女人(a 变 e)
child → children
孩子(加 ren)
foot → feet
脚(oo 变 ee)
tooth → teeth
牙(oo 变 ee)
3. 指示代词用法总结表
代词
含义
单复数
回答方式
this
这个(近处)
单数
It's...
that
那个(远处)
单数
It's...
these
这些(近处)
复数
They're...
those
那些(远处)
复数
They're...
4. have 的第三人称单数形式 has
当主语为第三人称单数(he/she/it/人名/单数名词)时,have 变为 has。疑问句和否定句需要借助助动词 does/doesn't。
肯定句:He has pigs, horses, cows, ducks, sheep, and chickens.
疑问句:How many ducks does he have? / Does he have a horse?
否定句:He doesn't have any cats.
5. many kinds of 的用法
You can see many kinds of animals.
many 意为"许多",修饰可数名词复数。kind 意为"种类"。many kinds of + 可数名词复数,意为"许多种类的……"。例:many kinds of flowers(许多种花)、many kinds of books(许多种书)。
6. 方位介词 behind
Another duck is behind the big tree.
behind 是方位介词,表示"在……后面"。与之前学过的 in(里面)、on(上面)、under(下面)一起构成基础方位介词体系。behind + 地点名词,构成介词短语作表语或状语。
7. 语音:五个元音字母的短元音
本单元 Pronunciation 板块聚焦五个元音字母在闭音节中的短元音发音(对比 Starter Unit 2 学的长音):
字母及发音
示例单词
a → /æ/
cat, map, dad, black
e → /e/
bed, pet, ten, pen
i → /ɪ/
pig, sing, it, big
o → /ɒ/
hot, dog, box, not
u → /ʌ/
cup, duck, bus, but
记忆口诀:短元音发音短促有力,嘴巴张开程度适中。对比长音,短音不拉长。
8. 农场主题词汇归类
类别
词汇
农场动物
pig, cow, sheep, horse, chicken, duck, goose, rabbit, cat, dog
植物
flower, tree, grass, tomato plant, carrot plant, apple tree
农场设施
farm, house, home, lake, yard
描述形容词
big, small, beautiful, green, black, white, brown, red, pink
动作动词
look, see, count, have, like, design
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