Unit 5单元语法讲义 2026-2027学年人教版八年级英语上册
2026-07-07
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资源信息
| 学段 | 初中 |
| 学科 | 英语 |
| 教材版本 | 初中英语人教版八年级上册 |
| 年级 | 八年级 |
| 章节 | Section A,Grammar Focus,Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal! |
| 类型 | 教案-讲义 |
| 知识点 | - |
| 使用场景 | 同步教学-单元练习 |
| 学年 | 2026-2027 |
| 地区(省份) | 全国 |
| 地区(市) | - |
| 地区(区县) | - |
| 文件格式 | DOCX |
| 文件大小 | 47 KB |
| 发布时间 | 2026-07-07 |
| 更新时间 | 2026-07-07 |
| 作者 | 匿名 |
| 品牌系列 | - |
| 审核时间 | 2026-07-07 |
| 下载链接 | https://m.zxxk.com/soft/58700845.html |
| 价格 | 0.50储值(1储值=1元) |
| 来源 | 学科网 |
|---|
摘要:
该初中英语单元复习讲义通过表格系统归纳what/how引导的感叹句结构,用口诀提炼“what后跟名词、how后跟形副”等关键规则,梳理陈述句与感叹句转换方法及主语谓语省略要点,清晰呈现知识脉络与重难点分布。
讲义亮点在于“补全对话”模拟真实交际场景培养语言能力,“改错题”分析冠词使用等易错点提升思维品质。综合检测涵盖单选、句型转换等全题型,基础学生可借口诀掌握结构,优秀学生通过短文填空拓展,教师利用自我检测清单实施精准分层教学。
内容正文:
Unit 5 · 感叹句(what / how)
人教版八年级上册 · 语法精讲 · 随堂练 · 综合检测
学习目标
目标一:准确归纳 what 和 how 引导的感叹句的句式结构、表意功能及用法。
目标二:在陈述句与感叹句之间进行双向转换,掌握名词短语与 what 的搭配、how 与形容词副词的搭配以及主语和谓语的省略情况。
目标三:在模拟真实交际场景中,根据情感强度、交际对象和情境特点,选择恰当的感叹句进行表达。
一、感叹句的构成与用法
1. 什么是感叹句?
感叹句用来表达 强烈的感情(如惊奇、喜悦、愤怒、赞美等),句末通常用 感叹号(!)。
· What a beautiful day (it is)!(多美的一天啊!)
· How delicious the dish looks!(这道菜看起来多美味啊!)
2. what 引导的感叹句
what 修饰 名词,结构为:
What + (a / an) + 形容词 + 名词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
结构
例句
What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数!
What a pretty hat (it is)!
What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数!
What beautiful flowers (they are)!
What + 形容词 + 不可数名词!
What terrible weather (it is)!
What + a/an + 名词!
What a mess (it is)!
3. how 引导的感叹句
how 修饰 形容词或副词,结构为:
How + 形容词/副词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
结构
例句
How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语!
How clever you are!
How + 副词 + 主语 + 谓语!
How fast he runs!
How + 形容词/副词!
How wonderful!
4. what 与 how 的对比
引导词
修饰成分
结构
例句
what
名词
What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + (主+谓)!
What a pretty hat!
how
形容词/副词
How + 形容词/副词 + (主+谓)!
How clever you are!
破解点:
· what 后接 名词短语(有名词)
· how 后接 形容词或副词(没有名词)
· 主语和谓语 可以省略(如 What a mess! / How wonderful!)
5. 教材 3a 精讲
教材 3a 精讲 · 观察感叹句
观察例句,归纳 what 和 how 的用法:
· What an amazing smell (it is)! → what + a/an + 形容词 + 名词
· What a mess (it is)! → what + a/an + 名词(省略形容词)
· What luck (we have)! → what + 不可数名词(luck)
· How delicious the dish looks! → how + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语
· How clever you are! → how + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语
· How wonderful life is! → how + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语
破解点:
· 看感叹词后面的 第一个词:
· 名词 → what
· 形容词/副词 → how
练习一 · 用 what / how 填空
1. _______________ a beautiful day!
2. _______________ an interesting story it is!
3. _______________ fast he runs!
4. _______________ wonderful music!
5. _______________ clever the boy is!
6. _______________ a mess the room is!
7. _______________ delicious the cake tastes!
8. _______________ beautiful flowers they are!
二 、感叹句的转换与注意事项
1. 陈述句改写为感叹句
方法:先判断强调的成分,再选择感叹词。
· 强调名词 → 用 what
· 强调形容词/副词 → 用 how
陈述句
感叹句
It is a pretty hat.
What a pretty hat (it is)!
The weather is terrible.
How terrible the weather is!
The pancake tastes delicious.
How delicious the pancake tastes!
2. 主语和谓语的省略
· ✅ What a mess (it is)!
· ✅ How wonderful (life is)!
· 在口语中,主语和谓语常省略,使表达更简洁。
3. 常见注意事项
· what 后接可数名词单数时,必须有 a / an
· what 后接可数名词复数或不可数名词时,不加 a / an
· how 后接形容词或副词,不加冠词
破解点:
· There is a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 → What a/an
· There is no a/an + 形容词 + 复数/不可数名词 → What
· There is 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语 → How
练习二 · 将陈述句改为感叹句
1. It is a pretty hat.(用 what)
→ ____________________________________________________________
2. The weather is terrible.(用 how)
→ ____________________________________________________________
3. The Christmas tree looks fantastic.(用 how)
→ ____________________________________________________________
4. It was an interesting film.(用 what)
→ ____________________________________________________________
5. Emma sings very well.(用 how)
→ ____________________________________________________________
6. The pancake tastes delicious.(用 how)
→ ____________________________________________________________
三 、教材精讲 · 3b / 3c
教材 3b 精讲 · 陈述句改感叹句
· It's a pretty hat.(用what)→ What a pretty hat (it is)!
· The weather is terrible.(用how)→ How terrible the weather is!
· The Christmas tree looks fantastic.(用how)→ How fantastic the Christmas tree looks!
· It was an interesting film.(用what)→ What an interesting film (it was)!
· Emma sings very well.(用how)→ How well Emma sings!
· The pancake tastes delicious.(用how)→ How delicious the pancake tastes!
破解点:先找到 强调的成分!
· 强调名词 → what
· 强调形容词/副词 → how
教材 3c 精讲 · 补全对话
· A: What a lovely cake! Did you make it?
B: Yes. I made it for you.
· A: John? What a surprise!
B: Mary? How nice to see you! I didn't think you could come.
· A: Sue got into her dream university!
B: Wow! How time flies! It feels like yesterday that she started high school.
· A: What a beautiful day!
B: Yes, it is.
A: Let's go boating on the lake!
B: What a great idea!
破解点:看上下文的 语境!
· 看到蛋糕 → What a lovely cake!
· 意外见到某人 → What a surprise! / How nice to see you!
· 感叹时间飞逝 → How time flies!
· 天气好 → What a beautiful day!
· 赞同想法 → What a great idea!
练习三 · 选择正确的感叹句补全对话
1. A: I won the first prize in the competition!
B: _______________! Congratulations!
2. A: Look at the sunset!
B: _______________ beautiful it is!
3. A: We are going to Disneyland tomorrow!
B: _______________ exciting news!
4. A: I've finished all my homework.
B: _______________ fast you work!
5. A: The birthday cake is so pretty.
B: _______________ a lovely cake it is!
四 、易错点与重难点
易错点一:what 和 how 的选择混淆。
❌ How a beautiful day! ✅ What a beautiful day!
❌ What beautiful the day is! ✅ How beautiful the day is!
易错点二:可数名词单数前忘记加 a / an。
❌ What interesting story! ✅ What an interesting story!
易错点三:复数名词和不可数名词前误加 a / an。
❌ What a beautiful flowers! ✅ What beautiful flowers!
易错点四:how 后误加冠词。
❌ How a clever boy! ✅ How clever (the boy is)!
易错点五:感叹句中标点符号误用(用句号或问号)。
❌ What a beautiful day. ✅ What a beautiful day!
练习四 · 改错题
1. How a beautiful day it is! → ____________________________________________________________
2. What beautiful the flowers are! → ____________________________________________________________
3. What interesting story it is! → ____________________________________________________________
4. How a clever boy he is! → ____________________________________________________________
5. What beautiful weather it is!(判断正误)→ ____________________________________________________________
6. How fast he runs!(判断正误)→ ____________________________________________________________
五 、语法图表总结(必背)
感叹句结构总表
引导词
结构
例句
what
What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + (主+谓)!
What a pretty hat (it is)!
what
What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数 + (主+谓)!
What beautiful flowers (they are)!
what
What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + (主+谓)!
What terrible weather (it is)!
how
How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语!
How clever you are!
how
How + 副词 + 主语 + 谓语!
How fast he runs!
感叹句口诀
what 后跟 名词,how 后跟 形/副,
单数名词 a / an 来补,
复数不可数 不加冠,
主语谓语可省略,
感叹号 ! 结尾要记住!
六 、综合检测(全题型)
一、单项选择题
1. _______________ a beautiful day it is!
A. What
B. How
C. What a
D. How a
2. _______________ fast he runs!
A. What
B. How
C. What a
D. How a
3. _______________ interesting story it is!
A. What
B. How
C. What an
D. How an
4. _______________ wonderful weather we have!
A. What
B. How
C. What a
D. How a
5. _______________ delicious the cake tastes!
A. What
B. How
C. What a
D. How a
6. _______________ beautiful flowers they are!
A. What
B. How
C. What a
D. How a
7. _______________ time flies!
A. What
B. How
C. What a
D. How a
8. _______________ exciting news it is!
A. What
B. How
C. What an
D. How an
9. _______________ clever the boy is!
A. What
B. How
C. What a
D. How a
10. _______________ lovely cake it is!
A. What
B. How
C. What a
D. How a
二、用 what / how 填空
1. _______________ a beautiful day!
2. _______________ interesting story it is!
3. _______________ fast he runs!
4. _______________ wonderful weather it is!
5. _______________ clever the boy is!
6. _______________ a mess the room is!
7. _______________ delicious the cake tastes!
8. _______________ beautiful flowers they are!
三、句型转换
1. It is a pretty hat.(改为感叹句,用 what)
____________________________________________________________
2. The weather is terrible.(改为感叹句,用 how)
___________________________________________________________
3. The Christmas tree looks fantastic.(改为感叹句,用 how)
____________________________________________________________
4. It was an interesting film.(改为感叹句,用 what)
____________________________________________________________
5. Emma sings very well.(改为感叹句,用 how)
____________________________________________________________
四、句子翻译
1. 多美的一天啊!
→ ____________________________________________________________
2. 他跑得多快啊!
→ ____________________________________________________________
3. 多有趣的故事啊!
→____________________________________________________________
4. 你多么聪明啊!
→ ____________________________________________________________
5. 多美味的蛋糕啊!
→ ____________________________________________________________
五、短文填空
_______ (What / How) a wonderful day! The sun is shining brightly. _______(What / How) beautiful the flowers look! _______ (What / How) lovely weather we have! My friends and I are at the beach. _______ (What / How) fast the waves come!_______(What / How) a great time we are having!_______ (What / How) I wish this day could last forever!
六、改错题
1. How a beautiful day it is! → __________________________________________
2. What beautiful the flowers are! → __________________________________________
3. What interesting story it is! → __________________________________________
4. How a clever boy he is! → __________________________________________
5. How a tall boy he is! → __________________________________________
6. How fast he runs!(判断正误)→ ___________________________________
七、选词填空
从方框中选择正确的词填空。
What / What a / What an / How
1. _______ beautiful day it is!
2. _______ interesting book I read!
3. _______ fast he swims!
4. _______ lovely flowers they are!
5. _______ exciting news it is!
6. _______ clever the girl is!
七、 课后自我检测清单
· 我能区分 what 和 how 引导的感叹句的结构。
· 我能正确使用 what + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词结构。
· 我能正确使用 how + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语结构。
· 我能识别可数名词单数、复数及不可数名词在感叹句中的用法。
· 我能将陈述句改写为感叹句。
· 我能在真实语境中恰当使用感叹句表达情感。
参考答案
练习一: 1. What 2. What 3. How 4. What 5. How 6. What 7. How 8. What
练习二: 1. What a pretty hat (it is)! 2. How terrible the weather is! 3. How fantastic the Christmas tree looks! 4. What an interesting film (it was)! 5. How well Emma sings! 6. How delicious the pancake tastes!
练习三: 1. What great news / How wonderful / What a surprise 2. How 3. What 4. How 5. What
练习四: 1. What a beautiful day it is! 2. How beautiful the flowers are! 3. What an interesting story it is! 4. How clever a boy he is! / How clever the boy is! 5. 正确(weather不可数,不加a) 6. 正确
综合检测 · 一: 1. C 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. C
综合检测 · 二: 1. What 2. What an 3. How 4. What 5. How 6. What 7. How 8. What
综合检测 · 三: 1. What a pretty hat (it is)! 2. How terrible the weather is! 3. How fantastic the Christmas tree looks! 4. What an interesting film (it was)! 5. How well Emma sings!
综合检测 · 四: 1. What a beautiful day! 2. How fast he runs! 3. What an interesting story! 4. How clever you are! 5. What a delicious cake!
综合检测 · 五: ① What ② How ③ What ④ How ⑤ What ⑥ How
综合检测 · 六: 1. What a beautiful day it is! 2. How beautiful the flowers are! 3. What an interesting story it is! 4. How clever a boy he is! / How clever the boy is! 5. What a tall boy he is! / How tall the boy is! 6. 正确
综合检测 · 七: 1. What a 2. What an 3. How 4. What 5. What 6. How
人教版八上 Unit 5 · 语法讲义
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