专题 10 语法填空 导学案-2026年暑假初升高完美衔接（高一专用）

2026学年暑假初升高完美衔接(高一专用) 专题 10 语法填空 衔接目标 一、初中考查要点 以100-200词简短语篇为载体，侧重考查学生基础语言知识的语篇运用能力。要求学生掌握扎实的词汇、基础句型和语法知识，具备基础语感与篇章阅读理解能力，能够结合简单语境完成填空解题。 二、高中考查要点 语篇长度提升至200词左右，固定设置10个空，题型配比稳定：6-7题为提示词填空，需精准变形单词；3-4题为无提示词填空，依托上下文语境填词。重点考查实词、虚词综合运用能力，强化语篇分析、逻辑推理能力，突出语境化、交际化的命题特点，不再单纯考查孤立语法知识点。 三、初高中衔接核心要求 现阶段高考已全面采用语篇型语法填空替代传统单项选择题，核心考查语言交际与综合运用能力。学习重点需完成两大转变：一是适配初高中语篇长度、设空难度的变化；二是突破固定思维，学会依托语境推敲无提示词答案，结合篇章逻辑、句子结构分析解题，培养语篇层面的语法运用与逻辑思维能力。 知识对接：初高中语法填空考点差异 一、中考语法填空四大题型 1. 纯空格无提示词填空；2. 首字母提示填空；3. 音标提示填空；4. 单词提示变形填空。 二、初中命题特点 侧重基础积累，解题依赖固定词汇、基础语法与简单阅读能力。核心考查名词单复数、基础时态、固定搭配、词性基础转换等基础知识点，题目语境简单、逻辑直白，无需复杂语篇分析。 三、高中命题特点 1. 语法导向明确：每道题目均对应固定语法规则，不单纯考查单词拼写，侧重语法灵活运用； 2. 语境高度绑定：所有填空均依托篇章语境，需结合句间、段间逻辑关系解题，杜绝孤立解题； 3.考点分散全面：10个空基本覆盖10类不同语法考点，极少重复，重点考查动词时态语态、非谓语、从句、介词、连词、词性转换等核心考点； 4. 题型配比固定：提示词以实词(名词、动词、形容词、副词)为主，无提示词以虚词(介词、连词、冠词、代词)为主。 难点突破：核心解题技巧 一、有提示词填空(高频6-7题) 1. 提示词为动词 先判断句子是否已有谓语：无谓语则结合时间状语、语境判定时态、语态、主谓一致；已有谓语则判定为非谓语动词(to do/doing/done)，结合逻辑关系、句子成分确定形式。 2. 提示词为形容词/副词 优先考查词性转换(形容词变副词修饰动词/形容词)；其次考查比较级、最高级，依据than、the、上下文隐性对比语境判定形式。 3. 提示词为名词 核心考查单复数变形、词性转换(名词变形容词/动词)，结合主谓一致、修饰词(some/many等)判定。 二、无提示词填空(高频3-4题) 核心思路：分析句子成分、梳理句间逻辑，精准填词。 1. 缺主语/宾语：填代词(人称/不定代词)； 2. 名词前无限定词：填冠词(a/an/the)、物主代词； 3. 名词/代词不作主干成分：填介词(固定搭配、语境搭配)； 4. 两个词汇/短句无连接词：填并列连词(and/but/or)； 5. 两个完整句子无连接词：填从句引导词(定语/状语/名词性从句连词)。 热身训练 Passage 1(2024 湖南长沙·说明文 题材：城市绿植) 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Nowadays, more cities are paying attention to urban greening. Trees and flowers can make cities 1. _________ (beautiful) and fresher. They can also help clean the air and reduce noise pollution. In many city communities, workers plant different kinds of plants every spring. Local residents also take part 2. _________ greening activities voluntarily. Some people water the plants, 3. _________ others clear the weeds. A researcher said, “Green spaces are very important for people's life. People who stay in green areas 4. _________ (feel) more relaxed and happy. It is also good for physical health.” Last year, the city government 5. _________ (build) ten small community parks. More green public areas 6. _________ (plan) to be completed in the next two years. Besides, schools encourage students 7. _________ (protect) plants and learn environmental knowledge. 8. _________ we keep protecting urban greening, our cities will become more comfortable to live in. Small actions from everyone can make a big 9. _________ (different) to the living environment. Green life is becoming a new lifestyle 10. _________ fits modern city development. 答案与解析 【语篇解读】本文介绍了城市绿化的重要性、相关举措及未来规划，倡导全民参与绿植保护。 1. more beautiful 由and后的fresher可知，此处用形容词比较级，beautiful的比较级为more beautiful。 2. in 固定搭配take part in，意为“参加”。 3. while 此处表示对比关系，some...while others...意为“一些……另一些……”。 4. feel 陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语people为复数，谓语用原形。 5. built 时间状语last year为一般过去时标志，build的过去式为built。 6. will be planned 主语More green public areas与plan为被动关系，in the next two years表将来，用一般将来时的被动语态。 7. to protect 固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.，意为“鼓励某人做某事”。 8. If 此处引导条件状语从句，表“如果我们坚持保护城市绿化”。 9. difference 固定搭配make a difference，意为“产生影响、起作用”。 10. that/which 定语从句修饰先行词lifestyle(物)，从句缺主语，用that/which。 Passage 2(2024 广东广州·记叙文 题材：志愿服务) 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Volunteering is a meaningful activity for teenagers. Last weekend, my classmates and I took part in a community volunteer activity. We arrived at the old people's community center 1. _________ 9 o'clock in the morning. First, we cleaned the rooms and windows 2. _________ (careful). Then we chatted with the elderly people, listening to 3. _________ (they) interesting life stories. Some students sang songs and danced 4. _________ (cheer) them up. An old grandma told us she 5. _________ (miss) her children who worked in other cities. We promised 6. _________ (come) to visit her often. The elderly people were so warm and kind that we enjoyed 7. _________ (we) very much. Before leaving, we gave away some daily 8. _________ (gift) to them. This activity taught me that helping others is helping ourselves. No matter how busy we are, we should spare some time 9. _________ public service. Volunteering not only makes us responsible but also lets us understand the true meaning of 10. _________ (kind). 答案与解析 【语篇解读】本文讲述作者参与社区敬老志愿服务的经历与感悟。 1. at 具体时刻前用介词at。 2. carefully 副词修饰动词cleaned，careful的副词形式为carefully。 3. their 形容词性物主代词修饰名词stories。 4. to cheer 动词不定式作目的状语，意为“为了让他们开心”。 5. missed 主句时态为一般过去时，从句时态保持一致，用missed。 6. to come 固定搭配promise to do sth.，意为“承诺做某事”。 7. ourselves 固定搭配enjoy oneself，主语为we，对应反身代词ourselves。 8. gifts some后接可数名词复数，gift的复数形式为gifts。 9. for 固定搭配spare time for sth.，意为“为某事腾出时间”。 10. kindness 介词of后接名词，kind的名词形式为kindness。 Passage 3(2024 四川成都·说明文 题材：传统手工艺) 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese traditional handicrafts are treasures of Chinese culture. Paper-cutting is one of 1. _________ (popular) traditional handicrafts in northern China. It has a history of more than 1,500 years. People use red paper 2. _________ (make) beautiful cuttings with scissors or knives. In traditional festivals and weddings, paper-cuttings 3. _________ (stick) on windows and doors to bring good luck. Paper-cutting works are usually full of cultural meanings. Most patterns stand for health, happiness and peace. 4. _________ (child) favorite patterns are little animals and flowers, while adults prefer patterns with good wishes. At present, many schools have set up paper-cutting clubs 5. _________ (protect) this traditional skill. More young people begin to learn it. A local craftsman said, “Paper-cutting is simple but meaningful. It is easy to learn, 6. _________ hard to master well.” Now this ancient skill 7. _________ (become) more and more popular around the world. Many foreign friends come to China 8. _________ (learn) the art of paper-cutting. It is our duty 9. _________ pass on traditional Chinese handicrafts. They carry our culture and should be treasured 10. _________ forever. 答案与解析 【语篇解读】本文介绍了中国传统剪纸艺术的历史、寓意、传承现状与文化价值。 1. the most popular one of+the+形容词最高级+复数名词，意为“最……之一”。 2. to make 固定搭配use sth. to do sth.，意为“用某物做某事”。 3. are stuck 主语paper-cuttings与stick为被动关系，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时被动语态。 4. Children's 名词所有格修饰名词patterns，表“孩子们的”。 5. to protect 动词不定式作目的状语，表“为了保护这项传统技艺”。 6. but 前后语义转折，简单易学但难以精通。 7. is becoming now为现在进行时标志，表现阶段正在发生的变化。 8. to learn 动词不定式作目的状语。 9. to 固定句型It is one's duty to do sth.，意为“做某事是某人的责任”。 10. and 并列连词，连接两个并列谓语carry和should be treasured。 自主训练 Passage 1(2024 浙江杭州·记叙文 题材：坚持梦想) 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Linda is a 15-year-old girl who loves painting. She has kept painting for 8 years. When she was young, she 1. _________ (fall) in love with painting by accident. At first, her parents worried that painting would influence her studies and asked her 2. _________ (stop) this hobby. However, Linda never gave 3. _________. She kept practicing every day after finishing her homework. She believes that hobbies can help her relax and improve 4. _________ (she). Little by little, her painting skills became better. She took part in many painting competitions and won lots of 5. _________ (prize). Last month, she 6. _________ (invite) to hold a small painting show in her school. Many teachers and students came to watch her works. They spoke 7. _________ (high) of her talent and persistence. Linda said, “No dream is too big. As long as you keep 8. _________ (try) and never give up, you will succeed one day. Nothing is impossible 9. _________ you work hard.” Her story tells us that persistence is the key 10. _________ success. 答案与解析 【语篇解读】本文讲述女孩琳达坚持绘画爱好、追逐梦想并收获成功的故事。 1. fell when she was young为过去时间，fall的过去式为fell。 2. to stop 固定搭配ask sb. to do sth.，意为“要求某人做某事”。 3. up 固定搭配give up，意为“放弃”。 4. herself 反身代词表自我提升，improve oneself意为“自我完善”。 5. prizes lots of后接可数名词复数，prize的复数为prizes。 6. was invited 主语she与invite为被动关系，last month表过去，用一般过去时被动语态。 7. highly 固定搭配speak highly of，意为“高度赞扬”。 8. trying 固定搭配keep doing sth.，意为“坚持做某事”。 9. if 引导条件状语从句，表“只要努力，一切皆有可能”。 10. to 固定搭配the key to success，意为“成功的关键”。 Passage 2(2024 山东济南·说明文 题材：课外阅读) 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Reading is one of the best habits for teenagers. It can broaden our horizons and improve our 1. _________ (think) ability. Nowadays, many students spend most of their time 2. _________ (study) textbook knowledge and ignore extra-curricular reading. In fact, reading different kinds of books 3. _________ (be) very helpful for our growth. Storybooks can bring us joy and teach us useful life lessons. Science books make us know more about nature and technology. History books help us understand 4. _________ our past was like. Experts suggest that students should read at least 30 minutes every day. 5. _________ (read) regularly can make our knowledge richer and our minds wiser. Besides, reading is 6. _________ good way to relax ourselves. When we feel tired or stressed, a good book can calm us down 7. _________ (quick). Many schools have built reading rooms and organized reading activities. More and more students have realized the 8. _________ (important) of reading. They form a good habit of reading and stick to 9. _________ every day. Let's keep reading, and we will get endless benefits 10. _________ it. 答案与解析 【语篇解读】本文阐述了课外阅读的重要性，倡导青少年养成日常阅读的好习惯。 1. thinking 动名词作定语，thinking ability意为“思维能力”。 2. studying 固定搭配spend time doing sth.，意为“花费时间做某事”。 3. is 动名词短语reading...作主语，谓语动词用单数，陈述客观事实用一般现在时。 4. what 宾语从句引导词，what...be like为固定句式，表“……是什么样子”。 5. Reading 动名词短语作句子主语。 6. a 泛指一种好方式，good以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 7. quickly 副词修饰动词短语calm us down。 8. importance 定冠词the后接名词，important的名词形式为importance。 9. it 代词指代前文的reading habit(阅读习惯)。 10. from 固定搭配get benefits from...，意为“从……中获益”。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026学年暑假初升高完美衔接(高一专用) 专题 10 语法填空 衔接目标 一、初中考查要点 以100-200词简短语篇为载体，侧重考查学生基础语言知识的语篇运用能力。要求学生掌握扎实的词汇、基础句型和语法知识，具备基础语感与篇章阅读理解能力，能够结合简单语境完成填空解题。 二、高中考查要点 语篇长度提升至200词左右，固定设置10个空，题型配比稳定：6-7题为提示词填空，需精准变形单词；3-4题为无提示词填空，依托上下文语境填词。重点考查实词、虚词综合运用能力，强化语篇分析、逻辑推理能力，突出语境化、交际化的命题特点，不再单纯考查孤立语法知识点。 三、初高中衔接核心要求 现阶段高考已全面采用语篇型语法填空替代传统单项选择题，核心考查语言交际与综合运用能力。学习重点需完成两大转变：一是适配初高中语篇长度、设空难度的变化；二是突破固定思维，学会依托语境推敲无提示词答案，结合篇章逻辑、句子结构分析解题，培养语篇层面的语法运用与逻辑思维能力。 知识对接：初高中语法填空考点差异 一、中考语法填空四大题型 1. 纯空格无提示词填空；2. 首字母提示填空；3. 音标提示填空；4. 单词提示变形填空。 二、初中命题特点 侧重基础积累，解题依赖固定词汇、基础语法与简单阅读能力。核心考查名词单复数、基础时态、固定搭配、词性基础转换等基础知识点，题目语境简单、逻辑直白，无需复杂语篇分析。 三、高中命题特点 1. 语法导向明确：每道题目均对应固定语法规则，不单纯考查单词拼写，侧重语法灵活运用； 2. 语境高度绑定：所有填空均依托篇章语境，需结合句间、段间逻辑关系解题，杜绝孤立解题； 3.考点分散全面：10个空基本覆盖10类不同语法考点，极少重复，重点考查动词时态语态、非谓语、从句、介词、连词、词性转换等核心考点； 4. 题型配比固定：提示词以实词(名词、动词、形容词、副词)为主，无提示词以虚词(介词、连词、冠词、代词)为主。 难点突破：核心解题技巧 一、有提示词填空(高频6-7题) 1. 提示词为动词 先判断句子是否已有谓语：无谓语则结合时间状语、语境判定时态、语态、主谓一致；已有谓语则判定为非谓语动词(to do/doing/done)，结合逻辑关系、句子成分确定形式。 2. 提示词为形容词/副词 优先考查词性转换(形容词变副词修饰动词/形容词)；其次考查比较级、最高级，依据than、the、上下文隐性对比语境判定形式。 3. 提示词为名词 核心考查单复数变形、词性转换(名词变形容词/动词)，结合主谓一致、修饰词(some/many等)判定。 二、无提示词填空(高频3-4题) 核心思路：分析句子成分、梳理句间逻辑，精准填词。 1. 缺主语/宾语：填代词(人称/不定代词)； 2. 名词前无限定词：填冠词(a/an/the)、物主代词； 3. 名词/代词不作主干成分：填介词(固定搭配、语境搭配)； 4. 两个词汇/短句无连接词：填并列连词(and/but/or)； 5. 两个完整句子无连接词：填从句引导词(定语/状语/名词性从句连词)。 热身训练 Passage 1(2024 湖南长沙·说明文 题材：城市绿植) 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Nowadays, more cities are paying attention to urban greening. Trees and flowers can make cities 1. _________ (beautiful) and fresher. They can also help clean the air and reduce noise pollution. In many city communities, workers plant different kinds of plants every spring. Local residents also take part 2. _________ greening activities voluntarily. Some people water the plants, 3. _________ others clear the weeds. A researcher said, “Green spaces are very important for people's life. People who stay in green areas 4. _________ (feel) more relaxed and happy. It is also good for physical health.” Last year, the city government 5. _________ (build) ten small community parks. More green public areas 6. _________ (plan) to be completed in the next two years. Besides, schools encourage students 7. _________ (protect) plants and learn environmental knowledge. 8. _________ we keep protecting urban greening, our cities will become more comfortable to live in. Small actions from everyone can make a big 9. _________ (different) to the living environment. Green life is becoming a new lifestyle 10. _________ fits modern city development. Passage 2(2024 广东广州·记叙文 题材：志愿服务) 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Volunteering is a meaningful activity for teenagers. Last weekend, my classmates and I took part in a community volunteer activity. We arrived at the old people's community center 1. _________ 9 o'clock in the morning. First, we cleaned the rooms and windows 2. _________ (careful). Then we chatted with the elderly people, listening to 3. _________ (they) interesting life stories. Some students sang songs and danced 4. _________ (cheer) them up. An old grandma told us she 5. _________ (miss) her children who worked in other cities. We promised 6. _________ (come) to visit her often. The elderly people were so warm and kind that we enjoyed 7. _________ (we) very much. Before leaving, we gave away some daily 8. _________ (gift) to them. This activity taught me that helping others is helping ourselves. No matter how busy we are, we should spare some time 9. _________ public service. Volunteering not only makes us responsible but also lets us understand the true meaning of 10. _________ (kind). Passage 3(2024 四川成都·说明文 题材：传统手工艺) 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese traditional handicrafts are treasures of Chinese culture. Paper-cutting is one of 1. _________ (popular) traditional handicrafts in northern China. It has a history of more than 1,500 years. People use red paper 2. _________ (make) beautiful cuttings with scissors or knives. In traditional festivals and weddings, paper-cuttings 3. _________ (stick) on windows and doors to bring good luck. Paper-cutting works are usually full of cultural meanings. Most patterns stand for health, happiness and peace. 4. _________ (child) favorite patterns are little animals and flowers, while adults prefer patterns with good wishes. At present, many schools have set up paper-cutting clubs 5. _________ (protect) this traditional skill. More young people begin to learn it. A local craftsman said, “Paper-cutting is simple but meaningful. It is easy to learn, 6. _________ hard to master well.” Now this ancient skill 7. _________ (become) more and more popular around the world. Many foreign friends come to China 8. _________ (learn) the art of paper-cutting. It is our duty 9. _________ pass on traditional Chinese handicrafts. They carry our culture and should be treasured 10. _________ forever. 自主训练 Passage 1(2024 浙江杭州·记叙文 题材：坚持梦想) 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Linda is a 15-year-old girl who loves painting. She has kept painting for 8 years. When she was young, she 1. _________ (fall) in love with painting by accident. At first, her parents worried that painting would influence her studies and asked her 2. _________ (stop) this hobby. However, Linda never gave 3. _________. She kept practicing every day after finishing her homework. She believes that hobbies can help her relax and improve 4. _________ (she). Little by little, her painting skills became better. She took part in many painting competitions and won lots of 5. _________ (prize). Last month, she 6. _________ (invite) to hold a small painting show in her school. Many teachers and students came to watch her works. They spoke 7. _________ (high) of her talent and persistence. Linda said, “No dream is too big. As long as you keep 8. _________ (try) and never give up, you will succeed one day. Nothing is impossible 9. _________ you work hard.” Her story tells us that persistence is the key 10. _________ success. Passage 2(2024 山东济南·说明文 题材：课外阅读) 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Reading is one of the best habits for teenagers. It can broaden our horizons and improve our 1. _________ (think) ability. Nowadays, many students spend most of their time 2. _________ (study) textbook knowledge and ignore extra-curricular reading. In fact, reading different kinds of books 3. _________ (be) very helpful for our growth. Storybooks can bring us joy and teach us useful life lessons. Science books make us know more about nature and technology. History books help us understand 4. _________ our past was like. Experts suggest that students should read at least 30 minutes every day. 5. _________ (read) regularly can make our knowledge richer and our minds wiser. Besides, reading is 6. _________ good way to relax ourselves. When we feel tired or stressed, a good book can calm us down 7. _________ (quick). Many schools have built reading rooms and organized reading activities. More and more students have realized the 8. _________ (important) of reading. They form a good habit of reading and stick to 9. _________ every day. Let's keep reading, and we will get endless benefits 10. _________ it. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $