专题 3 非谓语动词 导学案-2026年暑假初升高完美衔接（高一专用）

2026学年暑假初升高完美衔接(高一专用) 专题 3 非谓语动词 热身训练 训练1 非谓语动词作主语 1. 【2025·四川绵阳】 It's kind of you ________ me with my English study. A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped 2. 【2024·江苏南通】 It took us three hours ________ the mountain top successfully. A. reach B. reaching C. to reach D. reached 答案与解析 1. B 本题考查固定句型 It's+形容词+of sb. to do sth.(某人做某事很……)，it 为形式主语，动词不定式为真正主语，形容词kind修饰人的品性，用of。 2. C 固定句型 It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.(花费某人多长时间做某事)，为中考高频考点，此处用不定式作真正主语。 训练2 非谓语动词作宾语 1. 【2025·湖南长沙】 Students should practice ________ English every day to improve their oral skills. A. speak B. speaking C. to speak D. spoke 2. 【2024·浙江温州】 The firefighters managed ________ the fire out in ten minutes. A. put B. putting C. to put D. puts 答案与解析 1. B 固定搭配 practice doing sth.(练习做某事)，practice后只能接动名词作宾语。 2. C 固定搭配 manage to do sth.(设法成功做成某事)，为中考必考动词搭配。 训练3 非谓语动词作宾语补足语 1. 【2025·山东青岛】 The ________ news made all the students ________. A. exciting; excited B. excited; exciting C. exciting; exciting D. excited; excited 2. 【2024·湖北宜昌】 I often watch my grandpa ________ Tai Chi in the park every morning. A. play B. to play C. playing D. played 答案与解析 1. Aexciting 修饰事物，意为“令人激动的”；excited 修饰人，意为“感到激动的”，是分词作定语和宾补的核心考点。 2.A 感官动词watch后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，watch sb. do sth. 表示观看动作全过程、经常性动作。 训练4 非谓语动词作定语 【2025·广东广州】 We have lots of things ________ before the school trip. A. do B. doing C. to do D. done 答案与解析 C 固定搭配 have sth. to do(有某事要做)，动词不定式作后置定语，表尚未发生的动作。 训练5 非谓语动词作状语 1. 【2024·江苏扬州】 People wear masks ________ themselves from viruses. A. protect B. protecting C. to protect D. protected 2. 【2025·湖南株洲】 ________ a better life, people work hard every day. A. Create B. To create C. Creating D. Created 答案与解析 1. C 动词不定式在句中作目的状语，表示“戴口罩是为了保护自己”。 2. B 不定式置于句首，作目的状语，表“为了创造更好的生活”，为中考高频句式。 知识对接 非谓语动词核心知识点 非谓语动词即不充当句子谓语的动词形式，包含动词不定式、动名词、分词(现在分词/过去分词)三类，可在句中充当主语、宾语、定语、状语等成分，是初高中衔接核心语法。 形式 主动语态 被动语态 否定形式 复合结构 核心句法功能 动词不定式 to do / to be doing / to have done to be done / to have been done not to do for/of sb. to do sth. 作主、宾、宾补、定、状、表语 动名词 doing / having done being done / having been done not doing sb.'s doing 作主、宾、定、表语 现在分词 doing / having done being done / having been done not doing 无 作定、状、宾补、表语(表主动、进行) 过去分词 无 done not done 无 作定、状、宾补、表语(表被动、完成) 难点突破 突破1 动词不定式(最高频考点) 1. 不定式作主语 (1)不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数；日常句式中常用 it 作形式主语，真正主语(不定式短语)后置，优化句子结构。 例：To help others is meaningful.(帮助他人很有意义)= It is meaningful to help others. (2)两大必考句型区分： ① It's + 客观形容词 + for sb. to do sth. 形容词描述事物特征(easy、hard、difficult、important等) 例：It's difficult for us to finish the task in one day. ② It's + 品质形容词 + of sb. to do sth. 形容词描述人的品性(kind、nice、clever、foolish等) 例：It's nice of you to help me solve the problem. 2. 不定式作宾语 (1)只接不定式作宾语的高频动词：ask、agree、decide、hope、plan、refuse、promise、learn、afford、offer等。 例：She plans to study abroad next year.(她计划明年出国留学) (2)形式宾语结构：主语+think/find/make/feel+it+宾补+to do sth.，避免句子头重脚轻。 例：I find it easy to learn English well. 3. 不定式作宾语补足语 (1)接带to的不定式：ask、allow、advise、invite、tell、warn、encourage、expect等。 例：My teacher advises me to keep a diary every day. (2)接不带to的不定式(五看三让两听一感觉)：see、watch、notice、observe、look at；let、make、have；hear、listen to；feel。 被动语态中必须还原to：He was seen to clean the classroom.(他被看见打扫教室) 4. 不定式作定语、状语 (1)作后置定语：修饰名词，表未发生的动作，如something to eat、time to do sports。 (2)作状语：主要表目的、结果、原因，目的状语为考查重点，可位于句首或句中。 例：He gets up early to catch the school bus.(目的状语) 5. 不定式特殊用法 (1)疑问词+不定式(what/how/where/when to do)，可作主语、宾语；(2)否定形式：not to do sth.。 突破2 动名词核心考点 1. 动名词与不定式作主语的区别 动名词：表抽象、习惯性、多次性动作；不定式：表具体、一次性、将来动作。 例：Reading every day is a good habit.(习惯)；To finish the work today is my goal.(具体单次动作) 2. 只接动名词作宾语的高频动词 enjoy、practice、finish、mind、avoid、consider、imagine、suggest、give up、be used to(习惯于)、feel like等。 3. 易混动词(to do/doing含义不同) · remember to do(记得要做)/ remember doing(记得做过) · forget to do(忘记要做)/ forget doing(忘记做过) · stop to do(停下来去做另一件事)/ stop doing(停止正在做的事) · try to do(努力做)/ try doing(尝试做) 4. 主动表被动特殊结构 need/require/worth + doing(主动表被动)，例：The bike needs repairing.(自行车需要被修理) 突破3 分词核心考点(现在分词vs过去分词) 1. 核心区别 现在分词(doing)：表主动、进行；过去分词(done)：表被动、完成。 2. 作表语/定语 doing修饰事物(令人……的)，done修饰人(感到……的)，如surprising news / surprised people。 3. 作宾语补足语 感官动词后，doing表动作正在进行，do表动作全过程；have sth. done表“让某物被……”。 例：I heard him singing.(正在唱)；I had my hair cut.(理发) 4. 作状语 分词作状语可表伴随、原因、时间、结果，逻辑主语需与主句主语一致。 例：He sat there, reading a book.(伴随状语)；Faced with difficulties, we never give up.(被动) 自主训练 单项选择 1. 【2025·山东临沂】 We should wear helmets ________ ourselves from being hurt while riding bikes. A. stop B. to stop C. stopping D. stopped 2. 【2024·四川成都】 With the wind ________ strongly, we decided to stay at home. A. blow B. blowing C. blown D. to blow 3. 【2025·江苏宿迁】 The teacher advises us ________ notes carefully in class. A. take B. taking C. to take D. took 4. 【2024·四川达州】 We must be careful ________ some silly mistakes in exams. A. avoid B. to avoid C. avoiding D. avoided 5. 【2025·四川泸州】 He gets up early every morning ________ the early bus. A. catch B. catching C. to catch D. caught 6. 【2024·四川德阳】 Many kids have difficulty ________ independently. A. study B. studying C. to study D. studied 7. 【2025·天津】 Parents always teach their children ________ others politely. A. treat B. to treat C. treating D. treated 8. 【2024·云南昆明】 It's important for teenagers ________ time wisely. A. manage B. to manage C. managing D. managed 9. 【2025·重庆】 The government plans ________ more parks for citizens. A. build B. building C. to build D. built 10. 【2024·湖南岳阳】 My sister enjoys ________ cartoons in her free time. A. watch B. to watch C. watching D. watched 11. 【2025·天津】 He never agrees ________ his old things. A. sell B. to sell C. selling D. sold 12. 【2024·吉林长春】 ________ the heavy rain, we'd better leave earlier. A. Avoid B. To avoid C. Avoiding D. Avoided 13. 【2025·浙江嘉兴】 Listen! Can you hear the birds ________ outside? A. sing B. to sing C. singing D. sang 14. 【2024·安徽】 You'd better ________ out alone at night. It's dangerous. A. not go B. not to go C. don't go D. to not go 15. 【2025·河南】 My computer is broken. I'll have it ________ this afternoon. A. repair B. repaired C. repairing D. to repair 16. 【2024·贵州铜仁】 Let's ________ the old man cross the road. A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped 自主训练答案与精细解析 1. B 不定式作目的状语，早起戴头盔是为了防止受伤。 2. B with复合结构，wind与blow是主动关系，现在分词作宾补。 3. C 固定搭配advise sb. to do sth.(建议某人做某事)。 4. B 不定式作目的状语，小心是为了避免犯错。 5. C 不定式表目的，早起的目的是赶早班车。 6. B 固定结构have difficulty (in) doing sth.(做某事有困难)。 7. B 固定搭配teach sb. to do sth.(教某人做某事)。 8. B It's+adj.+for sb. to do sth. 固定句型。 9. C plan to do sth.(计划做某事)，不定式作宾语。 10. C enjoy doing sth.(喜欢做某事)，固定搭配。 11. B agree to do sth.(同意做某事)，高频搭配。 12. B 不定式置于句首作目的状语，为了避开大雨。 13. C hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事，根据listen可知动作正在进行。 14. A had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事，后接动词原形。 15. B have sth. done 让某物被修理，过去分词表被动。 16. A let sb. do sth.(让某人做某事)，使役动词后接原形作宾补。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026学年暑假初升高完美衔接(高一专用) 专题 3 非谓语动词 热身训练 训练1 非谓语动词作主语 1. 【2025·四川绵阳】 It's kind of you ________ me with my English study. A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped 2. 【2024·江苏南通】 It took us three hours ________ the mountain top successfully. A. reach B. reaching C. to reach D. reached 训练2 非谓语动词作宾语 1. 【2025·湖南长沙】 Students should practice ________ English every day to improve their oral skills. A. speak B. speaking C. to speak D. spoke 2. 【2024·浙江温州】 The firefighters managed ________ the fire out in ten minutes. A. put B. putting C. to put D. puts 训练3 非谓语动词作宾语补足语 1. 【2025·山东青岛】 The ________ news made all the students ________. A. exciting; excited B. excited; exciting C. exciting; exciting D. excited; excited 2. 【2024·湖北宜昌】 I often watch my grandpa ________ Tai Chi in the park every morning. A. play B. to play C. playing D. played 训练4 非谓语动词作定语 【2025·广东广州】 We have lots of things ________ before the school trip. A. do B. doing C. to do D. done 训练5 非谓语动词作状语 1. 【2024·江苏扬州】 People wear masks ________ themselves from viruses. A. protect B. protecting C. to protect D. protected 2. 【2025·湖南株洲】 ________ a better life, people work hard every day. A. Create B. To create C. Creating D. Created 知识对接 非谓语动词核心知识点 非谓语动词即不充当句子谓语的动词形式，包含动词不定式、动名词、分词(现在分词/过去分词)三类，可在句中充当主语、宾语、定语、状语等成分，是初高中衔接核心语法。 形式 主动语态 被动语态 否定形式 复合结构 核心句法功能 动词不定式 to do / to be doing / to have done to be done / to have been done not to do for/of sb. to do sth. 作主、宾、宾补、定、状、表语 动名词 doing / having done being done / having been done not doing sb.'s doing 作主、宾、定、表语 现在分词 doing / having done being done / having been done not doing 无 作定、状、宾补、表语(表主动、进行) 过去分词 无 done not done 无 作定、状、宾补、表语(表被动、完成) 难点突破 突破1 动词不定式(最高频考点) 1. 不定式作主语 (1)不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数；日常句式中常用 it 作形式主语，真正主语(不定式短语)后置，优化句子结构。 例：To help others is meaningful.(帮助他人很有意义)= It is meaningful to help others. (2)两大必考句型区分： ① It's + 客观形容词 + for sb. to do sth. 形容词描述事物特征(easy、hard、difficult、important等) 例：It's difficult for us to finish the task in one day. ② It's + 品质形容词 + of sb. to do sth. 形容词描述人的品性(kind、nice、clever、foolish等) 例：It's nice of you to help me solve the problem. 2. 不定式作宾语 (1)只接不定式作宾语的高频动词：ask、agree、decide、hope、plan、refuse、promise、learn、afford、offer等。 例：She plans to study abroad next year.(她计划明年出国留学) (2)形式宾语结构：主语+think/find/make/feel+it+宾补+to do sth.，避免句子头重脚轻。 例：I find it easy to learn English well. 3. 不定式作宾语补足语 (1)接带to的不定式：ask、allow、advise、invite、tell、warn、encourage、expect等。 例：My teacher advises me to keep a diary every day. (2)接不带to的不定式(五看三让两听一感觉)：see、watch、notice、observe、look at；let、make、have；hear、listen to；feel。 被动语态中必须还原to：He was seen to clean the classroom.(他被看见打扫教室) 4. 不定式作定语、状语 (1)作后置定语：修饰名词，表未发生的动作，如something to eat、time to do sports。 (2)作状语：主要表目的、结果、原因，目的状语为考查重点，可位于句首或句中。 例：He gets up early to catch the school bus.(目的状语) 5. 不定式特殊用法 (1)疑问词+不定式(what/how/where/when to do)，可作主语、宾语；(2)否定形式：not to do sth.。 突破2 动名词核心考点 1. 动名词与不定式作主语的区别 动名词：表抽象、习惯性、多次性动作；不定式：表具体、一次性、将来动作。 例：Reading every day is a good habit.(习惯)；To finish the work today is my goal.(具体单次动作) 2. 只接动名词作宾语的高频动词 enjoy、practice、finish、mind、avoid、consider、imagine、suggest、give up、be used to(习惯于)、feel like等。 3. 易混动词(to do/doing含义不同) · remember to do(记得要做)/ remember doing(记得做过) · forget to do(忘记要做)/ forget doing(忘记做过) · stop to do(停下来去做另一件事)/ stop doing(停止正在做的事) · try to do(努力做)/ try doing(尝试做) 4. 主动表被动特殊结构 need/require/worth + doing(主动表被动)，例：The bike needs repairing.(自行车需要被修理) 突破3 分词核心考点(现在分词vs过去分词) 1. 核心区别 现在分词(doing)：表主动、进行；过去分词(done)：表被动、完成。 2. 作表语/定语 doing修饰事物(令人……的)，done修饰人(感到……的)，如surprising news / surprised people。 3. 作宾语补足语 感官动词后，doing表动作正在进行，do表动作全过程；have sth. done表“让某物被……”。 例：I heard him singing.(正在唱)；I had my hair cut.(理发) 4. 作状语 分词作状语可表伴随、原因、时间、结果，逻辑主语需与主句主语一致。 例：He sat there, reading a book.(伴随状语)；Faced with difficulties, we never give up.(被动) 自主训练 单项选择 1. 【2025·山东临沂】 We should wear helmets ________ ourselves from being hurt while riding bikes. A. stop B. to stop C. stopping D. stopped 2. 【2024·四川成都】 With the wind ________ strongly, we decided to stay at home. A. blow B. blowing C. blown D. to blow 3. 【2025·江苏宿迁】 The teacher advises us ________ notes carefully in class. A. take B. taking C. to take D. took 4. 【2024·四川达州】 We must be careful ________ some silly mistakes in exams. A. avoid B. to avoid C. avoiding D. avoided 5. 【2025·四川泸州】 He gets up early every morning ________ the early bus. A. catch B. catching C. to catch D. caught 6. 【2024·四川德阳】 Many kids have difficulty ________ independently. A. study B. studying C. to study D. studied 7. 【2025·天津】 Parents always teach their children ________ others politely. A. treat B. to treat C. treating D. treated 8. 【2024·云南昆明】 It's important for teenagers ________ time wisely. A. manage B. to manage C. managing D. managed 9. 【2025·重庆】 The government plans ________ more parks for citizens. A. build B. building C. to build D. built 10. 【2024·湖南岳阳】 My sister enjoys ________ cartoons in her free time. A. watch B. to watch C. watching D. watched 11. 【2025·天津】 He never agrees ________ his old things. A. sell B. to sell C. selling D. sold 12. 【2024·吉林长春】 ________ the heavy rain, we'd better leave earlier. A. Avoid B. To avoid C. Avoiding D. Avoided 13. 【2025·浙江嘉兴】 Listen! Can you hear the birds ________ outside? A. sing B. to sing C. singing D. sang 14. 【2024·安徽】 You'd better ________ out alone at night. It's dangerous. A. not go B. not to go C. don't go D. to not go 15. 【2025·河南】 My computer is broken. I'll have it ________ this afternoon. A. repair B. repaired C. repairing D. to repair 16. 【2024·贵州铜仁】 Let's ________ the old man cross the road. A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $