专题19 特殊句式（复习讲义）（天津专用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语高考复习讲义聚焦特殊句式专题，系统整合倒装句、强调句、省略句核心考点，按“命题透视-思维建模-考点精讲-真题溯源”逻辑架构知识体系。通过考情分析明确考查方向，考点梳理构建框架，方法指导归纳解题范式，真题训练强化应用，助力学生突破句式难点，体现复习的系统性与针对性。 资料以思维品质和语言能力培养为核心，创新采用“考点解构-范式归纳-真题验证”教学策略。如倒装句教学中，先梳理否定副词等触发条件，归纳部分倒装规则，再结合高考真题实例演练，提升学生语境分析与快速判断能力。设置分层练习与即时反馈，保障复习效率，为教师精准把控复习节奏、学生提升应考能力提供有力支持。

专题19 特殊句式 内容导航 01 命题透视·考情前瞻 对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 02 思维建模·脉络梳理 搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 03 考点精讲·靶向突破 拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 04 真题溯源·考向感知 溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 命题透视·考情前瞻 ——对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 核心考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 2022年 2021年 词义辨析 二考11 首考6，二考3 首考，二考6 无 首考4 考情分析 · 形容词词义辨析始终是天津高考英语单选的核心考点，每年考查题量稳定 · 命题注重语境辨析，语义差异、固定搭配、场景适配性是核心考查方向 复习目标 · 基础巩固：掌握核心形容词的词义、搭配 · 核心突破：攻克一词多义、熟词生义，结合语境快速判断 · 能力提升：掌握“语境定位——搭配排除——语义辨析”三步解题法，实现动词类题目零失误 · 迁移应用：夯实完形、阅读模块词汇基础，实现全卷词汇类题目整体提分 思维建模·脉络梳理 ——搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 考点精讲·靶向突破 ——拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 知●识●解●构 知识点1 倒装句 一、完全倒装 1. 在以表地点here, there, out, in, up, down, away 等副词及介词短语开头，或者表时间then, now的副词开头，谓语主语又是名词，主谓要完全倒装。 Here comes Mr. Brown. There goes the bell. The door opened and in came Mr. Smith. In front of them was a broken bicycle lying on the ground. By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand. Now comes your turn. Then came a new difficulty. 注意：如果主语是代词，主谓不倒装。例如：Away he went. 2. 在there be 结构中（注意be 还可以换成表存在的动词live, stand, lie, come, exist 等） Then there is nothing to worry about. There happened to be a man walking by. There stands a tower in the park. There existed different opinions on this problem. There remained just twenty-eight pounds. 3. 直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，有时也用倒装， “Are you going to catch it yourselves?” asked Mr. Cousins. 4. 为了避免句子头重脚轻，表语提前。结构为：形容词/过去分词/现在分词+系动词+主语。 Seated on the grass are a group of young students. Gone are the days when we suffered from SARS. Lying on the ground was a cute dog. Present at the ceremony of the 50th anniversary this morning are our alumni(校友)from home and abroad. 二、部分倒装 1. 否定副词位于句首用部分倒装。 Never have I seen such beautiful views. Seldom do I go to the cinema. Not a single word did he speak at the meeting. Nowhere else in the world can there be such a quiet, beautiful place. Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. Not only does he have to type out the answer on a computer, but he also gets the computer to translate it into sounds. No sooner had he got to the laboratory than he set out to do the experiment. On no account must this switch be touched. 总结： 否定副词hardly, scarcely, rarely, few, never, not, no, little, seldom, nowhere, not until, not only, in no way, at no time, by no means, in no circumstances /on no account (决不), neither…nor…, hardly…when, no sooner…than (刚…就…) 2. only 所修饰的副词，介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，主句用部分倒装的形式。 Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing. Only by working hard did he succeed. Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 3. 以so, neither/nor 开头的倒装句。 (1) I’m a journalist. So is my wife. I have a brother and so has she. If you go, so will I. 把副词so 放在句首， 表示前面所说的肯定的内容也适用于另一人或物。 其句型是：so + 助动词+主语 (2) She doesn’t agree with you. Nor do I. I cannot work it out. Neither can he. If you don’t go, neither/nor will I. 把neither, nor放在句首，表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一个人或物。 其句型是：neither(nor) + 助动词+主语 注意：“so +主语+ do”这种结构表示对别人所说的情况加以肯定。so 的意义相当于indeed或certainly。例如： (1) ---It was cold yesterday. --- So it was . (Indeed it was cold.) (2) --- Father, you promised. --- Well, so I did. (Indeed I promised you.) 4. so 或such结构放在句首时，句子要部分倒装。 So small was the mark that I could hardly see it. So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. Such was his humor as to make us laugh every time he spoke to us. 5. as引导的让步状语从句，要用倒装结构。 Amazing as it may seem, Wednesday night was a quiet night. Hard as he worked, he couldn’t earn enough even to support himself. Child as he is, he knows a lot. Try as she might, she couldn’t get the door open. As sad as it was, I couldn’t help smiling. 6. 虚拟语气中的省略与倒装。 Were they here now, they could help us. Should it rain/Were it to rain, the crops would be saved. Had you come earlier, you would have met him. 省略if，把were,should,had提到主语前面。 知识点2 强调句 1、 强调句的基本结构 It is /was +被强调部分（主语、宾语、宾补、状语）+that/who+句子其余部分 It was Mary who/that met an old beggar in the street in the evening.（强调主语） It was an old beggar whom/that Mary met in the street in the evening. （强调宾语） It was in the street/ in the evening that Mary met an old beggar.（强调地点/时间状语） It was not until his wife left that he came back. 2、 强调句型的一般疑问句 其结构为: Is /Was it…who／that…? 强调句型的特殊疑问句 其结构为: 特殊疑问词+is/was who／that…? Was it during the Second World War that he died？ Was it Jim that/who told us the news? Where was it that you found your lost pen？ What was it that you wanted to know? 注意：（1）强调句与其他句型的区别。判断强调句型的方法是将强调结构去掉句子仍然成立。 It was at ten o’clock that he came back. It was six years ago that he went to Tokyo. It’s six years since we last met. It was ten o’clock when he came back. It won’t be long before we graduate from the school. （2）被强调部分有可能先接定语从句，再接强调句型。 --- Where did you spend your summer holiday? --- It was on the farm where we first met. （3）强调句的主谓一致和人称照应。 强调句在强调主语时that/who后面的动词应该与主语在人称和数上保持一致。 It is I that/who am going for a holiday with Mary. It is my brother, not I that/who studies in that school. 三、强调谓语时用do/does/did +动词原型 Do write to me when you get there. Do be careful next time, please. She did tell me about her address, but I forgot all about it. 知识点3 省略句 英语中为了避免重复，往往省去一个词语或更多成分，这种语法现象称为省略。 一、 考查状语从句的省略 If (water is) heated, it will turn into vapor. When (you are) crossing the road, you can never be too careful. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if (he was) to see whether he was going in the right direction. We will help you whenever (it is) necessary. When (he was) in trouble, he always asked me for help. 二、考查定语从句中关系词的省略 The man you visited last night is my grandpa. I don’t like the way you treat the girl. 关系代词that, which, whom等在限制性定语从句中充当宾语且不位于介词之后时，可以省略； 关系副词 that在先行词way后作方式状语时可省略。 三、考查虚拟语气中if 及should 的省略 1. Were I Tom, I would refuse. Had you taken my advice, you wouldn’t have failed in the exam. Should it rain /Were it to rain tomorrow, don’t expect me. 当虚拟条件从句中有were, had, should等时, 可省略if, 把它们提至句首, 形成倒装句式。 2. The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose weight. suggest, insist, order, require等表示建议、要求、命令、坚持的动词后接的从句中，谓语动词常用“should +动词原形”，should可省略。 四、不定式符号to 的省略 1. 含有but的固定句式。 We didn’t do anything but stay at home watching TV yesterday. 2. 当主语或修饰主语的定语从句中有动词do的某种形式时，用作表语的不定式可以省略to。 All we have to do is ( to) wait. (to do 做表语时 to 可省略) 3. 在含有动词如ask\tell\order\advise\persuade\warn等+动词不定式做主补或宾补结构中，或含有谓语动词如want/decide/like/love/hope等+不定式作宾语的结构中，如需省略，省去动词，只保留to。如果省略的不定式含有be动词或是不定式的完成式，则须在to之后加上be或have。 Mary wanted to go on her own, but I asked her not to. My parents encouraged me to go to college, but I didn’t want to. ---Are you a sailor? 　 ---No, but I used to be. ---He hasn’t finished yet. ---Well, he ought to have. In my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than it used to be. 4. 感官动词：五看see, watch, notice, look at; observe 二听 listen to, hear,三使役have, make, let一感觉feel 等后接不定式作宾补时, 不定式省略to。 考●向●破●译 1．（2022·天津·模拟预测）It is known that water is not an endless resource, ________ can it be made once more, so we should save and protect it. A．so B．as C．thus D．nor 【答案】D 【详解】考查倒装句。句意：众所周知，水不是一种无尽的资源，也不能再被制造一次，所以我们应该节约和保护它。A. so所以；B. as正如；C. thus因此；D. nor也不。“nor+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”为固定结构，此处使用了部分倒装，表示“……也不”。故选D。 2．（21-22高三上·天津·开学考试）My parents always remind us that by no means ________ no respect for our teachers. A．we show B．did we show C．should we show D．we should show 【答案】C 【详解】考查部分倒装。句意：我的父母总是提醒我们，我们决不能不尊重老师。by no means“绝不”是否定意义，位于句首时需要部分倒装，将“情态动词/be动词/助动词”置于主语之前，且“我们应该尊重老师”是客观事实，应用一般现在时。故选C。 3．（2020·江苏·三模）Not until many years later_______that many of his neighbors helped him when he suffered the loss of his parents at an early age. A．he was informed B．he informed C．was he informed D．did he informed 【答案】C 【详解】考查倒装和时态。句意：直到很多年后，他才得知，当他年幼失去父母时，许多邻居帮助了他。Not until+从句/词组置于句首时，全句用部分倒装，即：Not until+从句/词组+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语+其它，所以排除选项A和B；根据时间状语 at an early age可知用一般过去时。因为他是被告知，所以此处需用被动he was informed，否定词置于句首，倒装，be动词was提至主语he前。故选C。 4．（2019·天津·一模）— Did you visit the military museum? — Yes. Not until then ________ any idea what a guided missile was like. A．I had B．did I have C．I have had D．have I had 【答案】B 【详解】考查部分倒装。句意：——你参观过军事博物馆吗? ——是的。直到那时我才知道导弹是什么样子的。Not until位于句子开头，句子用部分倒装，再根据then“那时”，可知句子用一般过去时态，故选B。 【点睛】含有否定意义的副词位于句首时的倒装： 在正式文体中，never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后要用部分倒装： 如：I shall never forgive him./ Never shall I forgive him. 我永远不会宽恕他。 注：(1)对于not…until句型，当not until…位于句首时，其后的主句要用倒装语序： 如：He didn't leave the room until the rain stopped./Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才离开这房间。 (2)某些起副词作用的介词短语，由于含有否定词，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒装： 如：On no accounts must this switch be touched. 这个开关是绝不能触摸的。 5．（2019·天津红桥·一模）Not until the end of the performance ________ the chance to take photos with the respectable actor. A．the audience got B．the audience had got C．did the audience get D．had the audience got 【答案】C 【详解】考查倒装句和时态。句意：直到表演结束，观众们才有机会和这位受人尊重的演员合影。Not until位于句首时，主句用部分倒装，表演结束提示用一般过去时A、B两项都没有倒装，故选C。 6．（2019·天津南开·二模）---Did you know any German before you arrived in Munich？ ---Never______________ it, actually. A．had I learned B．did I learn C．I had learned D．I learned 【答案】A 【详解】考查倒装和时态。句意：——来慕尼黑之前你懂德语么？——事实上我从来没学过。never位于句首，其后要进行部分倒装，而且此处表示的动作发生在arrived in Munich之前，也就是过去的过去，应该用过去完成时，故A项正确。 【点睛】注意含有否定意义的词位于句首时，其后要进行部分倒装，常见的这类词包括：never，hardly，seldom，little，few, not until, by no means, nowhere, no longer。如：By no means could you tell him about this.你绝不能把这件事告诉他。Never in my life have I heard of such a thing.我一生中从未听过这样的事。 7．（2019·天津东丽·一模）So absorbed ________ in her yoga exercises that she took no notice of the heavy rain outside. A．Mary was B．Mary has been C．was Mary D．has Mary been 【答案】C 【详解】考查倒装句。句意：她如此全神贯注地练瑜伽，没有注意到外面下着大雨。so...that...句型中的so位于句首时，需用倒装，且根据下文从句谓语动词took可知，应用一般过去时，故选C。 【点睛】so that与so...that的区别 so that引导目的状语从句，意为“以便；为了”，相当于in order to/so as to.常放于句中，但是in order to常放于句首或句中，so as to常放于句末。 so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，so是副词，常常用来修饰形容词和副词，that引导结果状语从句。 8．（2019·天津和平·一模）Around this point ______, which is humorous and full of a strong local flavor. A．the story develops B．does the story develop C．develops the story D．the story developed 【答案】C 【详解】考查完全倒装。句意：故事围绕这一点展开，让其充满幽默和本土气息。分析句子可知，Around this point为表示位置的短语，同时主语不是人称代词，故需用完全倒装，把整个谓语放在主语之前，故选C。 9．（2018·天津河东·一模）Seeing the policemen coming, away immediately, leaving the things they’d just stolen. A．the thieves ran B．did the thieves run C．the thieves run D．ran the thieves 【答案】D 【详解】考查倒装句。句意：看到警察来了，小偷立刻逃跑了，留下他们刚偷的东西。表方位的副词away放在句首，句子全部倒装。故选D。 10．（2018·天津河东·一模）—OK， here ___________. —Thank you for your lift. See you later. A．are we B．is it C．we are D．comes it 【答案】C 【详解】考查倒装。句意：——好的，我们到了。——谢谢你的礼物，再见。表示方位地点的here位于句子开头，如果句子的主语是名词，则用全部倒装；如果句子的主语是人称代词，则不用倒装。故选C。 【点睛】完全倒装： 1.完全倒装即把整个谓语放到主语之前（是整个谓语动词，而非助动词）。 2.there引出的完全倒装句：除了最常见的there be句型以外，there还可以接appear,exist,lie,remain,seem to be,stand等，一般都译成"有"的含义，构成完全倒装句。3.由地点和时间副词引出的完全倒装句：以地点副词here,there和时间副词now,then开头，后面的动词是be,come,exist,fall,follow,go,lie,remain,seem,stand（表移动或动态的不及物动词）等，而主语又是名词时，构成完全倒装句。 4.表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词且主语是名词时使用完全倒装。 11．（2026高三下·全国·专题练习）It was because Laura posted some false information on the Internet ________ she was arrested. A．that B．where C．which D．so 【答案】A 【详解】考查强调句。句意：正是因为Laura 在互联网上发布了一些虚假信息，她才被逮捕。根据上文“It was because Laura posted some false information on the Internet”和下文“she was arrested”可知，去掉“It was”和设空处后，句子结构完整，符合强调句基本形式“It is/was + 被强调部分 + that + 其他部分”。被强调部分为原因状语，此时强调句用that引导。故选A。 12．（2023·天津·模拟预测）It was in this old school ________ the government built in 1968 ________ he received good education. A．where; when B．which; that C．that; which D．where; which 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句和强调句。句意：正是在那座由当地政府1968年建造的学校里，他接受了良好的教育。分析句子可知，________ the government built in 1968为定语从句，先行词this old school在从句中作宾语，第一空用关系代词which/that。第二空构成强调句，用固定句型“it is+被强调部分+that/who+其余部分”，被强调部分非人，应用that。故选B项。 13．（2020·江苏·模拟预测）Some of the students in our class can’t figure out ______ it is that puts them under great pressure and makes them tired of finishing homework on time. A．where B．when C．what D．how 【答案】C 【详解】考查强调句型。句意：我们班的一些学生不知道是什么使他们承受巨大的压力，使他们对按时完成作业感到厌烦。it is ... that是一个强调句，强调主语，这里属于前缺后缺用what的情况。 14．（2019·天津·一模）Believe it or not, it is ________________ that causes your illness. A．because of your being overweight B．because you are overweight C．you are so overweight D．your being overweight 【答案】D 【详解】考查动名词的被强调用法。句意：不管你信不信，肥胖导致了你的疾病。分析句子结构可知，本句为强调句型，强调的是主语，四项之中只有动名词可充当名词性成分，故D项正确。 【点睛】本题的解题关键在于判断出本句为强调句结构：it is+被强调部分+that +其余部分，因为that从句接的是第三人称单数的谓语，所以被强调的是主语成分，只有动名词和不定式（选项中没有）可充当名词性成分，AB一般作原因状语，只有D和下文可独立构成完整句子。 15．（2019·天津河西·一模）Is it he or you ________ in charge of the job and supposed to complete it punctually? A．who is B．that is C．who are D．whom are 【答案】C 【详解】考查强调句和主谓一致。句意：是你还是他负责这个工作都应该准时完成这个工作？这是强调句的一般疑问句，因为是强调的是人，连接词用that和who都可以，由or连接两个以上主语时，动词和最接近的主语一致，由此可以排除A和B；whom引导定语从句时在从句中作宾语，所以排除D。故C选项正确。 16．（2019·天津·二模）lt was in December, 2018 ________ Chairman Xi and President Trump met in Argentina. A．when B．that C．before D．since 【答案】B 【详解】考查强调句型。句意：习近平主席和特朗普总统是在2018年12月份在阿根廷会面的。分析句子结构可知，此处为强调句型，其基本结构为“it is+被强调部分+that+其余部分”，本句强调的是时间状语in December, 2018，故B项正确。 17．（2019·天津和平·三模）It was only after a family related conversation ______________ I found out she was actually my distant cousin. A．when B．that C．which D．who 【答案】B 【详解】考查强调句型。句意：只是在一次与家庭有关的谈话后，我才发现她实际上是我的远房表妹。此处是一个强调句型，句子强调时间状语，故答案为that。 【点睛】浅谈强调句 1. 用It is／was...that／who...句型表示强调。 （1）陈述句的强调句型：It is/was+被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+that/who（当强调主语且主语指人）+其它部分。 e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping. （2）一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/was提到it前面。 e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping? （3）特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+is/was+it+that/who+其它部分？e.g. When and where was it that you were born? 注：被强调的部分（通常是句子的主语、状语、宾语或宾语补足语）放在is／was的后面，如被强调的是人，则后面可用who，whom等代替。 2. not...until...句型的强调句： 句型为：It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+其它部分： e.g. 普通句：He didn't go to bed until/till his wife came back. 强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed. 3. 强调谓语动词：用助动词do, does或did加动词原形来强调谓语动词。注意：此种强调只用do/does和did，没有别的形式；过去时态用did，后面的谓语动词用原形。如：Do come early. 务必早来。He did send you a letter last week. 昨天他确实寄给你一封信。 18．（2019·天津河东·二模）—I am wondering ________ makes you study so hard? —To go to my dream university. A．what is it that B．that is what C．what is that D．what it is that 【答案】D 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：——我想知道是什么使你学习如此努力？——去上我梦想的大学。这是特殊疑问句在宾语从句中的运用，在宾语从句中，疑问句要使用陈述语序，同时这是个强调句，需用what it is that，故选D。 【点睛】名词性从句关键在于三点：一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分出是名词性从句的主语句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句。二、连接词从句中充当的成分（主、宾、定或状语）三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。此外还要注意，近年来高考对于名词性从句的考查多从名词性从句的语序和连接词的用法区别上考查。本题从语序上进行了考查，根据要使用陈述语序，可知排除A、C，根据连接词的用法可知，用what引导，可排除B。 19．（2019·天津南开·一模）It was in that small house ________ was built with stones by his father ________ he spent his childhood. A．that; where B．which; that C．which; which D．that; which 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句和强调句型。第一空是定语从句，先行词是the small house，which指代先行词在句中做主语；第二空的that与it was构成强调句型，对中间的in the house which was built with stones进行强调。强调句型的基本结构为：it is/was+被强调成分+that/who+其它成分；强调句型的最大特点是把it is/was…that/who…去掉，句子仍然成立。句意：就是他父亲又石头建成的小房子里他度过了他的童年。故B选项正确。 【点睛】在考试中，经常要把强调句型和定语从句融合在一起考查。强调句型的基本结构为：it is/was+被强调成分+that/who+其它成分；强调句型的最大特点是把it is/was…that/who…去掉，句子仍然成立。 强调句与定语从句的比较： 1.强调句中的It没有实际意义，It be与that可同时被省略;而定语从句中的It是主语，It be与that不可同时省略； 2.强调句型中be的时态须跟后面句子的时态相一致；而定语从句中主句谓语动词be的时态须由主句的时间确定； 3.强调句型句子中的that不能省略，并且即使前面的名词是事物时，也不能将that换成which；而定语从句中的that作宾语时可被省略，并且当先行词是事物时可用which代替； 4.当it be后面的时间、地点名词做主语、宾语或表语时，引导词可用that / which；而作其他成分时，引导词须用when / which。 定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分，定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。 20．（2017·天津和平·一模）Was it because the traffic was very heavy during the rush hours ________ you were late again? A．when B．why C．which D．that 【答案】D 【详解】考查强调句型。将was it和that去掉，Were you late again because the traffic was very heavy during the rush hours？句子仍然完整，对because the traffic was very heavy during the rush hours这个原因状语进行了强调。故选D。 【名师点睛】强调句的使用： 1. 用It is／was...that／who...句型表示强调。 陈述句的强调句型：It is/was+被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+that/who（当强调主语且主语指人）+其它部分。 e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping. 注：被强调的部分（通常是句子的主语、状语、宾语或宾语补足语）放在is／was的后面，如被强调的是人，则后面可用who，whom等代替。把is/was提到it的前面变成强调句型的一般疑问句。 2.not...until...句型的强调句： It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+其它部分： It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed. 3.谓语动词的强调： It is/was...that...结构不能强调谓语动词，如果需要强调谓语动词时，用助动词do/does或did。 e.g. Do sit down.务必请坐。 注意：此种强调只用do/does和did，没有别的形式；过去时用did，后面的谓语动词用原形。 21．（2025·天津南开·一模）Exercise may enhance mental health, especially when ______ regularly and with proper intensity. A．practiced B．being practiced C．to practice D．practicing 【答案】A 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：锻炼可以促进心理健康，尤其是当定期且以适当强度进行时。本句为when引导的时间状语从句的省略，原句为when exercise is practiced，省略了exercise is。故选A。 22．（2025·天津和平·一模）________, we must read the instructions first. A．When using this machine B．When this machine using C．When this machine used D．When used this machine 【答案】A 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：使用本机器时，务必先阅读说明书。根据选项内容可知，此处考查状语从句的省略，该句中when引导的时间状语从句为when we are using this machine；从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中有be动词are，符合状语从句省略的条件，省略从句的主语和be动词。故选A项。 23．（24-25高三上·天津·月考）When deeply ________ in work, ________ was often the case, he would forget all about eating or sleeping. A．absorbing; that B．absorbing; which C．absorbed; it D．absorbed; as 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词和定语从句。句意：当他全神贯注地工作时，他常常会忘记吃饭和睡觉。一空处为when引导的时间状语从句，从句中主语为he，谓语为固定搭配：be absorbed in意为“全神贯注于”，当从句主语和主句主语相同，且谓语动词含有be的某种形式时，从句中主语和be可省略，所以一空处填absorbed，二空处引导非限制性定语从句，as is often the case情况常常如此，为固定表达，故选D项。 24．（2023·天津·二模）Though________in San Francisco, Dave Mitchell had always preferred to record the plain facts of small-town life. A．being raised B．raising C．raised D．having raised 【答案】C 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：戴夫·米切尔虽然在旧金山长大，但他一直喜欢记录小镇生活的平凡事实。分析句子可知，此处是though引导的状语从句的省略，逻辑主语Dave Mitchell与动词raise之间为被动关系，完整句子为Though he was raised in San Francisco，当状语从句和主句主语是同一主语，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词，所以此处应用过去分词形式；being raised表示被动和进行，此处与句意不符，其他选项均不表示被动，与句意不符。故选C项。 25．（2022·天津红桥·一模）If ________to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once. A．ask B．asking C．asked D．to ask 【答案】C 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：如果有人要你照看一下行李，立即报警。主句inform the police at once是祈使句，隐含的主语是you；If引导的状语从句主语和主句主语一致，ask和主语you之间是被动关系，完整形式是If you are asked to look after luggage for someone else，状语从句含有be动词且主从句主语一致，可省略从句主语和be动词 。故选C项。 26．（22-23高三上·天津和平·期末）We could have some tests to see what, ________, is wrong, and see whether we can do something to fix it. A．when necessary B．though enough C．if anything D．as possible 【答案】C 【详解】考查省略的状语从句语义辨析。句意：我们可以做一些测试，看看有什么问题，如果有的话，看看我们是否可以做些什么来修复它。A. when necessary必要时；B. though enough如果足够；C. if anything如果有的话；D. as possible尽可能。根据前文“We could have some tests to see what”以及后文“see whether we can do something to fix it”可知，如果有什么问题的话，就需要采取措施进行修复。故填C项。 27．（2021·天津南开·二模）Though________ to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome. A．surprising B．to surprise C．being surprised D．surprised 【答案】D 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：教授见到我们虽然很惊讶，但还是热情地欢迎了我们。be surprised to do，对做某事很惊讶，在though引导的让步状语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语一致且含有be的某种形式时，可省略从句的主语和be，本句完整形式为：Though he was surprised to see us，相当于省略了he was，故选D。 28．（2021·天津河北·一模）—Will you go to the party? —Of course I will if ________. A．invited B．having invited C．I was invited D．I will be invited 【答案】A 【详解】考查省略句。句意：——你会去参加聚会吗？——如果我被邀请的话，当然会去。在if引导的条件状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be动词时，可省略从句的主语和be动词，此处遵循“主将从现”原则，从句完整形式为“if I am invited”，相当于省略了I am。故选A。 29．（2019·天津南开·二模）The mother told the little child not to speak to a stranger even if ______________ A．speaking B．spoken C．spoken to D．he spoken to 【答案】C 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：妈妈告诉男孩即使有人和他说话也不要和陌生人说话。在if引导的条件状语从句中，如果主从句主语一致，且含有be的某种形式时，可省略从句中的主语和be，本句中相当于省略了he was，完整部分应该是even if he was spoken to，故C项正确。 30．（2017·天津南开·三模）Experts warn that medical waste from hospitals, if ________properly, may lead to spreading diseases. A．not handled B．not being handled C．not to be handled D．not having handled 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：专家警告称来自医院的医疗废物如果不被合理处理，会导致疾病的扩散。根据题干中 if结构可以得知，是如果医疗废物不被处理medical waste are not handled，表示被动，省略主语和be动词，故选A。 真题溯源·考向感知 ——溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 1．（2019·天津·高考真题）The professor warned the students that on no account ________ use mobile phones in his class. A．should they B．they should C．dare they D．they dare 【答案】A 【详解】考查部分倒装和情态动词。句意：这位教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上，决不应该使用手机。on no account意为“决不”，否定词放在句首，句子使用部分倒装，排除B、D项；这里表示应该，故选A。 2．（2015·天津·高考真题）Only when Lily walked into the office_________that she had left the contract at home. A．she realized B．has she realized C．she has realized D．did she realize 【答案】D 【详解】考查倒装。句意：只有当莉莉走进办公室的时候，她才意识到她把合同忘家里了。本题考查only放在句首的部分倒装，在句首的only如果后面跟了副词、介词短语或从句等状语，则主句用倒装结构。但如果only后跟的是主语，就不用倒装结构了。根据句中的其他动词时态，可判定用过去时态。故选D。 3．（2012·天津·高考真题）Only after Mary read her composition the second time________the spelling mistake. A．did she notice B．she noticed C．does she notice D．she has noticed 【答案】A 【详解】考查部分倒装。句意：当玛丽第二次读她的作文时，她才注意到拼写错误。only放句首，引导状语从句，主句部分要用到部分倒装。根据语境理解，此句子应该用到过去时态，将助动词did倒装放前面。故选A。 4．（2018·天津·高考真题）What was it ______ brought you two together? Was it your love of music? A．as B．who C．that D．which 【答案】C 【详解】考查强调句式。句意：是什么让你们走到一起的?是因为你对音乐的热爱吗?。分析句子可知，本句为强调句式It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其他部分。特殊疑问句的强调句型：疑问代词或疑问副词+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其他部分。故选C项。 5．（2018·天津·高考真题）It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ___________we saw Lily in the passenger seat. A．which B．that C．when D．where 【答案】B 【详解】考查强调句。句意：只有当汽车在我们房子前停下来我们才看到在乘客位置的莉莉。这里考查强调句，强调句型结构为：It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。本题强调时间状语only when the car pulled up in front of our house。故选B。 点睛：本题考查强调句，要求有学生掌握好强调句的常用句型以及相关知识的能力。分析句子时首先要看清楚结构，It is / was…开头而后面跟句子时就要看它是不是强调句了。强调句有一个特点：拿掉It was/is…that…后不影响整个句子的完整性，则是强调句。判断完是不是强调句后再根据强调的部分是人还是物来选择连接词that或者是who。 6．（2017·天津·高考真题）It was when I got back to my apartment ________ I first came across my new neighbors. A．who B．where C．which D．that 【答案】D 【详解】考查强调句型。句意：当我回到我的公寓的时候，我首先遇见了我的新邻居。根据关键词It was开头，可能会与that构成强调句型，但需要验证，本句中去掉It was和that，句子When I got back to my apartment I first came across my new neighbors完整，所以确定是强调句型。故选D。 【点睛】判断一句话是否是强调句的一个方法是去掉强调结构，如果这句话还能够成立就是强调句，例如这道题，去掉强调结构是：when I got back to my apartment ______ I first came across my new neighbors..这句话是成立的，所以是强调句。除了强调句的陈述句，还需要掌握强调句的一般疑问句和特殊疑问词的结构，还有强调句应用于名词性从句的语序问题。 7．（2016·天津·高考真题）You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel __________ the coach picks up tourists. A．who B．which C．where D．that 【答案】D 【详解】考查强调句。句意：你在一个错误的地方等待。大客车是在旅店接送游客的。使用强调句，结构是：It is/was+强调部分+that+其余部分，如果强调部分是人，也可以用who，这句话强调的是地点状语at the hotel。故选D。 8．（2013·天津·高考真题）It was not until near the end of the letter ________   she mentioned her own plan. A．that B．where C．why D．when 【答案】A 【详解】考查强调句型。 句意：快到信的末尾时她才提到自己的计划。分析句子可推断出此处考查not until的强调句，形式是“it is/was not until..that…”, 故选A。 9．（2008·天津·高考真题）It was along the Mississippi River____________Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. A．how B．which C．that D．where 【答案】C 【详解】考查强调句型。句意：就是在密西西比河边，马克·吐温度过了他童年的大部分时光。强调句型的基本结构为It is/was+被强调成分+that/who+其它成分；其最大的特点就是去掉it is/was…that/who…句子仍然成立。要注意强调句型能强调除谓语动词以外的所有句子成分。在考查的时候，经常会把强调句型和定语从句结合在一起考查，要注意分析句子的成分。本题中强调的是介词短语along the Mississippi River；故C正确。 【点睛】能够准确把握句子结构是关键。随着高考考点的不断深入变化，该句型总是以新的面孔出现，或本身发生变化，或与其他句式结构相结合，然而万变不离其宗，总是脱不掉it，be，that/who这一框架结构。结合近几年有关高考题的特点，将其变化形式归纳如下：强调句型的一般疑问句形式。一. 句式特征：Is/ Was it +被强调部分+ that…；二、 结合特殊疑问词构成特殊疑问句形式。句式特征：特殊疑问词+is/was it that…？三、强调句型的反意疑问句形式。句式特征为：It is/was+被强调部分+that…，isn’t / wasn’t it？四、强调句型的感叹句形式。句式特征为：what/ how … it is (that) +主语+谓语！ 10．（2024·天津·高考真题）Coffee may cause sleep disturbance, especially when _________ in large amounts or after 2 pm. A．consumed B．being consumed C．consuming D．having consumed 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：咖啡可能会引起睡眠障碍，尤其是大量饮用后或在下午两点以后饮用。此处为状语从句的省略，且consume意为“吃；喝；饮用”，与句子主语 coffee构成逻辑上的动宾关系，省略be动词，故用过去分词形式。故选A。 11．（2017·全国·高考真题）When_______， the museum will be open to the public next month． A．to complete B．completes C．completing D．completed 【答案】D 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：博物馆建成后将于下月对公众开放。分析句子可知，本句使用了when引导的时间状语从句，当从句主语和主句主语相同，且含有be动词时，从句主语连同be动词可以一起被省略，这里省略了主语the museum和be动词is，原句为：When the museum is completed。故选D。 12．（2015·北京·高考真题）If ___for the job, you’ll be informed soon. A．to accept B．accept C．accepting D．accepted 【答案】D 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：如果录用你了，我们将很快通知你。本句为条件状语从句中省略句，还原后为if you are accepted, 因为主从句主语相同，且从句中有be动词，所以主语和are被省略。故选D。 13．（2015·湖南·高考真题）Video games can be a poor influence if ________ in the wrong hands. A．to leave B．leaving C．leave D．left 【答案】D 【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：如果电子游戏落入一个错误的人手中就能够产生一个不良影响。如果把电子游戏交给坏人，它的影响可能很差。when, while, if, as if, although / though, as, until, once, whether, unless, where等引导的从句中，如果其谓语为be，而主语与主句的主语相同时，则从句的主语和be可省略；有时从句的主语为it时，也可省略it或从句中的有关成分。2. than, as, no matter what /who等后面成分的省略。故选D项。 14．（2014·湖南·高考真题）Children, when_________ by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium. A．to be accompanied B．to accompany C．accompanying D．accompanied 【答案】D 【详解】考查省略句。句意：孩子们在父母的陪同下可以进入体育场。 本题考查状语从句省略，原句为Children, when they are accompanied by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium. 省略了 they are。故选D项。 15．（2013·浙江·高考真题）There are some health problems that, when ____in time, can become bigger ones later on. A．not treated B．not being treated C．not to be treated D．not having been treated 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有些健康问题，如果不及时处理，以后会变得更严重。when not treated in time为插入语，在本句中为时间状语从句，把that can become bigger ones later on这个定语从句给隔开了。when引导时间状语从句时，可以出现省略的现象，但必须满足两个条件：首先，时间状语从句中的主语必须和主句主语一致；其次，从句中含有be动词。本句补充完整的状语从句为：when they are not treated in time，其他选项形式不对。故答案为A项。 16．（2013·新课标Ⅰ·高考真题）The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police ________． A．not to do B．not to C．not do D．do not 【答案】B 【详解】考查省略句。句意：司机想把车停靠在路边，但是被警察制止了。ask sb not to do sth “告诉某人不要做某事”，在这种结构中可以省略不定式中的动词，而保留不定式符合to，故选B。 17．（2010·海南·高考真题）We all know that, __________, the situation will get worse. A．not if dealt carefully with B．if not carefully dealt with C．if dealt not carefully with D．not if carefully dealt with 【答案】B 【详解】考查省略句。句意:我们都知道，如果不被细心处理，这个情况最更加糟糕的。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且使用be动词的时候，可以把状语从句的主语和be动词一起省略。本题在if后面省略了the situation is，补全后句为We all know that, if the situation is not carefully dealt with, the situation will get worse．故B正确。 18．（2007·四川·高考真题）The flowers his friend gave him will die unless ___ every day. A．watered B．watering C．water D．to water 【答案】A 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：他朋友送给他的花如果不天天浇水就会枯萎。分析句子结构并结合四个选项，unless后接省略形式，unless后完整的从句应该是unless they are watered every day，从句的主语与主句的主语相同，且从句中有be动词，所以省略从句的主语和be动词。故选A项。 19．（2013·江西·高考真题）If ______ to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once. A．asked B．to ask C．asking D．having asked 【答案】A 【详解】考查省略。句意：如果被要求给别人照看行李，立刻通知警方。根据句意可知，if引导的条件状语从句意为“如果你被要求给别人照看行李”，是if you are asked to look after luggage for someone else，当if引导的从句主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，从句主语和be动词可以省略，因此空格处是asked，故选A。 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $