专题13 非谓语动词作定语（复习讲义）（天津专用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语高考复习讲义聚焦非谓语动词作定语核心考点，系统梳理分词（主动/进行、被动/完成）和不定式（将来动作）的语法功能及逻辑关系，通过命题透视、思维建模、考点精讲、真题溯源四模块构建知识网络，设计考点梳理（逻辑关系判断）、方法指导（短语积累与语境推理）、真题训练（近5年高考及模拟题）等环节，帮助学生突破难点，体现复习的系统性和针对性。 讲义采用“逻辑关系分析法”和“真题溯源法”，如在分词作定语教学中，通过对比“fallen leaves”与“falling leaves”引导学生判断动作状态，培养思维品质，设置分层练习（基础辨析、语境应用），融入中国剪纸等文化素材强化文化意识，助力学生高效掌握考点，为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰路径。

专题13 非谓语动词作定语 内容导航 01 命题透视·考情前瞻 对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 02 思维建模·脉络梳理 搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 03 考点精讲·靶向突破 拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 04 真题溯源·考向感知 溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 命题透视·考情前瞻 ——对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 核心考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 2022年 2021年 非谓语动词 不定式 首考 5 二考4 无 二考6 现在分词 无 首考 14 首考 7 二考10，15 二考9 过去分词 首考 6 首考7 二考11 无 首考 2 动名词 无 无 无 无 独立主格 二考9 无 无 无 考情分析 近 5 年天津高考英语单项选择非谓语动词部分主要以做状语和定语为主；兼有非谓语动词做主语、做宾语、做宾语补足语、With的复合结构等。 复习目标 考查非谓语动词在语境中的正确应用，重语篇统领与语境推理；素养上深考思维，融文化于语法，强化实用与文化自信。 思维建模·脉络梳理 ——搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 考点精讲·靶向突破 ——拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 知●识●解●构 1. 分词作定语 ★ 总结：判断非谓语动词与被修饰名词的逻辑关系 1) 动词-ing形式作定语可表示主动或正在进行的动作。如： The woman sending her children to school is my history teacher. A little child learning to walk often falls. 2) 过去分词作定语常表示被动或已经发生的动作。 如: We’ve met the doctors sent to work here by the city hospital. the fallen leaves —— the falling leaves 3)现在分词和过去分词作定语， 还可以表示状态。 The boy exposed to the strong sunlight got sunburned. 接触强光的这个男孩被晒伤了。 The scientist buried in a book didn’t notice a stranger come in. 埋头于书籍的这个科学家没有注意到一个陌生人进来。 The depressing trip made the family unsatisfied. 这次令人沮丧的旅行让家人不满意。 积累以下常见短语： be occupied in/with忙于=occupy oneself in/with be devoted to投身语=devote oneself to be committed to投身于=commit oneself to be dedicated to投身于=dedicate oneself to be dressed in穿着=dress oneself in be addicted to上瘾于=addict oneself to be accustomed to习惯于=accustom oneself to be absorbed in专注于=absorb oneself in be lost in陷入，沉浸于=lose oneself in be involved in参与=involve oneself in be caught in被困于，遭遇 be stuck in被困于，陷入 be engaged in参与 be faced with面对 be known for以......出名 be related to与.......相关 注意：现在分词having done, having been done不能作定语。 2. 不定式作定语 1)不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。 作定语的不定式与它所修饰的名词或代词在逻辑上可能是主谓关系，也可能是动宾关系。如： ◆ She has a lot of clothes to wash this weekend. ◆ I have a question to ask. 2) 名词前有the only、the last、the next、序数词或形容词最高级时，其后常用不定式作定语。如： Rita was the only person to blame. He was the first man to fly across the Atlantic. Alex is the best man to do the job. 3)  有些名词的同根动词后常跟不定式，因而这些名词后也常跟不定式作定语。如： Their offer(主动提议) to assist in the work was not taken seriously. 注意：如果这个作定语的不定式是一个不及物动词，注意不可忽略不定式短语中的副词或介词。 1. I need a pen to write with．(可看成：to write with the pen) 2. She now has nothing to worry about．(可看成：to worry about nothing) 考●向●破●译 1．（2025·天津河北·二模）We’d better put off interviewing the athlete, for he is busy preparing for an international contest in Beijing soon. A．held B．to hold C．being held D．to be held 2．（2021·天津和平·三模）—Have you checked all the relief________ to the people in the disaster area? —Yes, several times. But I'll check it once more. A．sent B．sending C．to send D．to be sent 3．（2021·天津南开·二模）The conference ________ to discuss how to bring infections down to zero next week is of great significance. A．to hold B．having been held C．to be held D．being held 4．（2020·天津河西·一模）If the project______before the end of this month is delayed,the construction company will be made fully responsible for the financial losses. A．being completed B．completed C．to be completed D．completing 5．（2024·天津南开·一模）TikTok, known as Douyin in China, is a mobile app ________ users to create, share and watch short videos. A．having allowed B．allowing C．allowed D．to be allowed 6．（2023·天津河东·一模）The development of new media, ________ from the internet to digital television，means that people working in advertising will have to come up with more ways to catch the public’s attention. A．ranges B．ranged C．to range D．ranging 7．（2022·天津和平·三模）He said that many words ________ nature were now missing from the new version of the junior dictionary. A．described B．being described C．describing D．to describe 8．（25-26高三上·天津·期末）Our special thanks go to thousands of volunteers ______ their past decades to preserving endangered species from extinction. A．devoted B．having been devoted C．devoting D．to devote 9．（2025·天津·二模）Paper cutting, ________ over centuries in China, is time-honored and has a glorious history. A．having developed B．being developed C．developed D．to develop 10．（2024·天津·二模）It is recently reported that the number of people ______ a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain’s consumers would like to change their cooking in some way. A．stick to B．sticking to C．stuck to D．having stuck to 11．（2026·天津南开·三模）While I was preparing for my final exams, I noticed an announcement about an internship opportunity ______ on the notice board in our school hallway. A．displayed B．having displayed C．displaying D．to be displayed 12．（2026·天津河西·一模）The community garden project, ________ by a group of enthusiastic volunteers last spring, has now blossomed into a vibrant green space enjoyed by all residents. A．launched B．launching C．having launched D．to launch 13．（2026·天津·二模）When ________ Encyclopaedia Britannica (《大英百科全书》), I had to create a table of contents________on the topics of its articles. A．editing; basing B．editing; based C．edited; basing D．edited; based 14．（2026·天津南开·一模）The letter ________ to the headmaster yesterday will probably get a reply within a week. A．composing B．to compose C．composed D．to be composed 15．（2025·天津和平·三模）He suggested that the problems ______ attached special attention to. A．referred to be B．refer to being C．referred to being D．referring to be 16．（2025·天津河东·一模）It was reported that a 90-year-old woman ______ under a destroyed house in the earthquake was saved alive at last. A．had been trapped B．being trapped C．was trapped D．trapped 17．（2024·天津河北·二模）In the Summer Palace’s accurate design, people can find the history and creativity of ancient China ______ within the complex decorations. A．hiding B．to hide C．hidden D．being hidden 18．（2024·天津滨海新区·三模）Celebrated American author F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel The Great Gatsby, ______ in the 1920s, reveals the emptiness and anxiety of the society then. A．setting B．set C．to set D．having set 19．（2024·天津北辰·三模）Shops in Winsor Castle offer a wide range of souvenirs ______ for the Royal Collection, including books, postcards, china, jewellery, and children’s toys. A．designing B．to be designed C．being designed D．designed 20．（2024·天津河北·一模）The botanical garden features a wide variety of foreign plants, largely ________ from tropical and subtropical regions mainly from Africa. A．importing B．imported C．being imported D．having imported 真题溯源·考向感知 ——溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 1．（2023·天津·高考真题）The Palace Museum has the most remarkable collection of fine clocks in the world, mainly _________ from Europe and China. A．originating B．originated C．being originated D．having originated 2．（2021·天津·高考真题）China's National Highway 318, ________ over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to Zhangmu, Xizang, is known as the "heavenly road“ for its amazing views. A．to extend B．extended C．extending D．being extended 3．（2025·天津·高考真题）Engineers in the UK are going to build a new satellite to track solar storms. A．designed B．designing C．to design D．having designed 4．（2023·天津·高考真题）The hero’s touching story ________ online has drawn thousands of “likes” and hundreds of comments from the public. A．posting B．to post C．posted D．to be posted 5．（2019·天津·高考真题）Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially ________ to help them succeed academically and personally. A．designed B．designing C．to design D．being designed 6．（2018·天津·高考真题）There have been many advances in medicine in recent years. That means money ______ for medical research has been well spent. A．used B．using C．to use D．to be used 7．（2017·天津·高考真题）The speaker, ______for her wonderful speeches, will deliver a lecture in our school next week. A．to know B．being known C．known D．knowing 8．（2013·天津·高考真题） In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words _______in daily conversations. A．using B．to use C．having used D．used 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题13 非谓语动词作定语 内容导航 01 命题透视·考情前瞻 对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 02 思维建模·脉络梳理 搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 03 考点精讲·靶向突破 拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 04 真题溯源·考向感知 溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 命题透视·考情前瞻 ——对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 核心考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 2022年 2021年 非谓语动词 不定式 首考 5 二考4 无 二考6 现在分词 无 首考 14 首考 7 二考10，15 二考9 过去分词 首考 6 首考7 二考11 无 首考 2 动名词 无 无 无 无 独立主格 二考9 无 无 无 考情分析 近 5 年天津高考英语单项选择非谓语动词部分主要以做状语和定语为主；兼有非谓语动词做主语、做宾语、做宾语补足语、With的复合结构等。 复习目标 考查非谓语动词在语境中的正确应用，重语篇统领与语境推理；素养上深考思维，融文化于语法，强化实用与文化自信。 思维建模·脉络梳理 ——搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 考点精讲·靶向突破 ——拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 知●识●解●构 1. 分词作定语 ★ 总结：判断非谓语动词与被修饰名词的逻辑关系 1) 动词-ing形式作定语可表示主动或正在进行的动作。如： The woman sending her children to school is my history teacher. A little child learning to walk often falls. 2) 过去分词作定语常表示被动或已经发生的动作。 如: We’ve met the doctors sent to work here by the city hospital. the fallen leaves —— the falling leaves 3)现在分词和过去分词作定语， 还可以表示状态。 The boy exposed to the strong sunlight got sunburned. 接触强光的这个男孩被晒伤了。 The scientist buried in a book didn’t notice a stranger come in. 埋头于书籍的这个科学家没有注意到一个陌生人进来。 The depressing trip made the family unsatisfied. 这次令人沮丧的旅行让家人不满意。 积累以下常见短语： be occupied in/with忙于=occupy oneself in/with be devoted to投身语=devote oneself to be committed to投身于=commit oneself to be dedicated to投身于=dedicate oneself to be dressed in穿着=dress oneself in be addicted to上瘾于=addict oneself to be accustomed to习惯于=accustom oneself to be absorbed in专注于=absorb oneself in be lost in陷入，沉浸于=lose oneself in be involved in参与=involve oneself in be caught in被困于，遭遇 be stuck in被困于，陷入 be engaged in参与 be faced with面对 be known for以......出名 be related to与.......相关 注意：现在分词having done, having been done不能作定语。 2. 不定式作定语 1)不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。 作定语的不定式与它所修饰的名词或代词在逻辑上可能是主谓关系，也可能是动宾关系。如： ◆ She has a lot of clothes to wash this weekend. ◆ I have a question to ask. 2) 名词前有the only、the last、the next、序数词或形容词最高级时，其后常用不定式作定语。如： Rita was the only person to blame. He was the first man to fly across the Atlantic. Alex is the best man to do the job. 3)  有些名词的同根动词后常跟不定式，因而这些名词后也常跟不定式作定语。如： Their offer(主动提议) to assist in the work was not taken seriously. 注意：如果这个作定语的不定式是一个不及物动词，注意不可忽略不定式短语中的副词或介词。 1. I need a pen to write with．(可看成：to write with the pen) 2. She now has nothing to worry about．(可看成：to worry about nothing) 考●向●破●译 1．（2025·天津河北·二模）We’d better put off interviewing the athlete, for he is busy preparing for an international contest in Beijing soon. A．held B．to hold C．being held D．to be held 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们最好推迟采访这位运动员，因为他正忙于准备一场不久后将在北京举行的国际比赛。根据句意和句子结构可知，for后的原因状语从句的谓语动词是is，空格处是非谓语动词，hold与contest之间是被动关系，此处需要表示“将要被举行的国际比赛”，所以应该用不定式的被动形式to be held作后置定语，修饰名词短语an international contest。故选D。 2．（2021·天津和平·三模）—Have you checked all the relief________ to the people in the disaster area? —Yes, several times. But I'll check it once more. A．sent B．sending C．to send D．to be sent 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：——你检查了要送给灾区人民的所有救济品了吗？——是的，几次了。但是我将再核查一下。分析句子可知，“____ to the people in the disaster area”作定语，修饰relief，relief与send之间是被动关系，根据句意，“救济品还没有发出”，表示将来的动作用不定式形式，故选D。 3．（2021·天津南开·二模）The conference ________ to discuss how to bring infections down to zero next week is of great significance. A．to hold B．having been held C．to be held D．being held 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词不定式的被动式。句意：下周将举行的讨论如何将感染率降至零的会议具有重要意义。本句已有系动词is 且无连词，动词hold用非谓语动词形式，由时间状语next week（表将来）可知，会议还未举行，逻辑主语The conference与动词hold是动宾关系，用动词不定式的被动式（ to be done）表将来和被动，作The conference的后置定语。故选C项。 4．（2020·天津河西·一模）If the project______before the end of this month is delayed,the construction company will be made fully responsible for the financial losses. A．being completed B．completed C．to be completed D．completing 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:如果这个月底预计完工的大楼建设的工期被拖延的话，建筑公司将对经济损失负全部责任。分析句子可知，句子的谓语动词是is delayed，故complete用非谓语动词形式作定语，由时间状语by the end of this month可知，complete是将来的动作，且与先行词project是被动关系，故应该用不定式的被动式作定语。故选C。 【点睛】非谓语动词解题策略： 1、首先查看句子是否缺少谓语动词，以判断是否使用非谓语动词。高中学习中，一般情况下同一个句子不能出现两个谓语，如果句子有谓语则选择非谓语； 2、判断语态，根据动作执行者和承受者来判断是使用主动还是被动语态。 3、判断时态，根据动作的先后关系等，判断应该使用的时态。 5．（2024·天津南开·一模）TikTok, known as Douyin in China, is a mobile app ________ users to create, share and watch short videos. A．having allowed B．allowing C．allowed D．to be allowed 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：抖音在中国被称为抖音，是一款允许用户创建、分享和观看短视频的移动应用程序。分析句子结构可知allow与逻辑主语app构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故选B。 6．（2023·天津河东·一模）The development of new media, ________ from the internet to digital television，means that people working in advertising will have to come up with more ways to catch the public’s attention. A．ranges B．ranged C．to range D．ranging 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从互联网到数字电视等新媒体的发展，意味着从事广告工作的人将不得不想出更多方法来吸引公众的注意力。分析句子结构可知，means是谓语，that引导的是宾语从句，从句中的谓语是will have，所以此处应为非谓语动词，range与其逻辑主语the development of new media之间为主动关系，结合句意可知，此处表示的是当前的状态，所以使用现在分词形式作定语。故选D项。 7．（2022·天津和平·三模）He said that many words ________ nature were now missing from the new version of the junior dictionary. A．described B．being described C．describing D．to describe 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他说，新版《初级词典》中有许多描写自然的单词现在都没有了。分析可知，此处使用非谓语动词作后置定语，words与describe之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词表主动，故选C。 8．（25-26高三上·天津·期末）Our special thanks go to thousands of volunteers ______ their past decades to preserving endangered species from extinction. A．devoted B．having been devoted C．devoting D．to devote 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们特别感谢成千上万的志愿者们，他们在过去的几十年里致力于保护濒危物种免遭灭绝。句中已有谓语动词go，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词volunteers，volunteers和devote为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故选C。 9．（2025·天津·二模）Paper cutting, ________ over centuries in China, is time-honored and has a glorious history. A．having developed B．being developed C．developed D．to develop 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：剪纸在中国已经发展了几个世纪，历史悠久，有着辉煌的历史。句中已有谓语动词，空处应用非谓语动词形式，develop与其逻辑主语Paper cutting之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式作定语，且结合时间状语over centuries可知，该动作发生在谓语动词之前，应用现在分词的完成式having done。故填having developed。 10．（2024·天津·二模）It is recently reported that the number of people ______ a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain’s consumers would like to change their cooking in some way. A．stick to B．sticking to C．stuck to D．having stuck to 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最近有报道称，坚持传统饮食的人数正在缓慢下降，大约一半的英国消费者希望以某种方式改变他们的烹饪方式。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。名词people与stick to之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故选B。 11．（2026·天津南开·三模）While I was preparing for my final exams, I noticed an announcement about an internship opportunity ______ on the notice board in our school hallway. A．displayed B．having displayed C．displaying D．to be displayed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在我准备期末考试的时候，我注意到学校走廊的公告栏上张贴着一则关于实习机会的通知。句中已有谓语动词noticed，空处需用非谓语形式；an announcement与动词display之间为逻辑上的被动关系，且表示该动作已经完成，需用过去分词作后置定语，修饰an announcement。 12．（2026·天津河西·一模）The community garden project, ________ by a group of enthusiastic volunteers last spring, has now blossomed into a vibrant green space enjoyed by all residents. A．launched B．launching C．having launched D．to launch 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词辨析。句意：这个社区花园项目于去年春天由一群热情的志愿者发起，如今已发展成一片所有居民都喜爱的生机勃勃的绿地。句中已有谓语动词has blossomed，空处用非谓语，project与launch之间是被动关系，且项目是去年春天被发起的，可知此处用过去分词作后置定语。故选A。 13．（2026·天津·二模）When ________ Encyclopaedia Britannica (《大英百科全书》), I had to create a table of contents________on the topics of its articles. A．editing; basing B．editing; based C．edited; basing D．edited; based 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当编辑《大英百科全书》时，我不得不根据其文章的主题创建一个目录。根据句意可知，第一空处作时间状语，edit(编辑)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语“I”之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式editing；第二空处后置定语，base…on…(把……建立在……基础之上)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语“a table of contents”之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式based on。 14．（2026·天津南开·一模）The letter ________ to the headmaster yesterday will probably get a reply within a week. A．composing B．to compose C．composed D．to be composed 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：昨天写给校长的信可能会在一周内得到回复。“(compose) to the headmaster yesterday”作后置定语，compose(撰写)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语The letter之间是被动关系且已经完成，应用过去分词形式。故选C项。 15．（2025·天津和平·三模）He suggested that the problems ______ attached special attention to. A．referred to be B．refer to being C．referred to being D．referring to be 【答案】A 【详解】考查虚拟语气和非谓语动词。句意：他建议对所提到的问题给予特别注意。suggest表示 “建议”时，从句要用虚拟语气，即“should +动词原形”，其中should可以省略。referred to是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词the problems，表示“被提到的问题”。故选A。 16．（2025·天津河东·一模）It was reported that a 90-year-old woman ______ under a destroyed house in the earthquake was saved alive at last. A．had been trapped B．being trapped C．was trapped D．trapped 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据报道，一位在地震中被困在倒塌房屋下的90岁老妇人最终获救。句中was saved为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，woman与trap之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作后置定语。故选D。 17．（2024·天津河北·二模）In the Summer Palace’s accurate design, people can find the history and creativity of ancient China ______ within the complex decorations. A．hiding B．to hide C．hidden D．being hidden 【答案】C 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：在颐和园精确的设计中，人们可以发现隐藏在复杂装饰中的中国古代的历史和创造力。“history”和“creativity”承受hide的动作，因此使用过去分词作后置定语。故选C。 18．（2024·天津滨海新区·三模）Celebrated American author F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel The Great Gatsby, ______ in the 1920s, reveals the emptiness and anxiety of the society then. A．setting B．set C．to set D．having set 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：美国著名作家弗朗西斯·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德的小说《了不起的盖茨比》，以1920年代为背景，揭示了当时社会的空虚与焦虑。be set in“以……为背景”为固定短语，空处在句中作非谓语，把be去掉即可。故选B项。 19．（2024·天津北辰·三模）Shops in Winsor Castle offer a wide range of souvenirs ______ for the Royal Collection, including books, postcards, china, jewellery, and children’s toys. A．designing B．to be designed C．being designed D．designed 【答案】D 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：温莎城堡的商店提供为皇家收藏设计的各种纪念品，包括书籍、明信片、瓷器、珠宝和儿童玩具。句中已有谓语offer，空处作非谓语动词，design和逻辑主语souvenirs是被动关系，且结合语意可知，design这一动作已经完成，空处应用design的过去分词形式作souvenirs的后置定语。故选D项。 20．（2024·天津河北·一模）The botanical garden features a wide variety of foreign plants, largely ________ from tropical and subtropical regions mainly from Africa. A．importing B．imported C．being imported D．having imported 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：植物园以各种各样的外来植物为特色，大部分是从热带和亚热带地区进口的，主要来自非洲。本句已有谓语features，设空处为非谓语动词，修饰名词foreign plants作后置定语，和名词之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故选B。 真题溯源·考向感知 ——溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 1．（2023·天津·高考真题）The Palace Museum has the most remarkable collection of fine clocks in the world, mainly _________ from Europe and China. A．originating B．originated C．being originated D．having originated 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：故宫博物院收藏了世界上最精美的钟表，主要源自欧洲和中国。此处作定语，修饰fine clocks，fine clocks与originate之间是主动关系，故应用现在分词作后置定语，故选A。 2．（2021·天津·高考真题）China's National Highway 318, ________ over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to Zhangmu, Xizang, is known as the "heavenly road“ for its amazing views. A．to extend B．extended C．extending D．being extended 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的国道318号，从上海到西藏樟木，延伸出5000多公里，因为它的令人赞叹的景观，被熟知为“天堂之路”。分析句子成分可知，is known as是整个句子的谓语动词，所以空格处应填非谓语动词，extend与主语China's National Highway 318之间的关系为主动，所以用extending。故选C。 3．（2025·天津·高考真题）Engineers in the UK are going to build a new satellite to track solar storms. A．designed B．designing C．to design D．having designed 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：英国的工程师们将建造一颗新的卫星，该卫星旨在监测太阳风暴。此处design与satellite构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故选A。 4．（2023·天津·高考真题）The hero’s touching story ________ online has drawn thousands of “likes” and hundreds of comments from the public. A．posting B．to post C．posted D．to be posted 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词、句意：这位英雄的感人故事被张贴在网上，已经吸引了成千上万的“赞”和数百条公众评论。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。post 和名词story 是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故选C。 5．（2019·天津·高考真题）Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially ________ to help them succeed academically and personally. A．designed B．designing C．to design D．being designed 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在大多数大学都为一年级学生开设了一门课程，专门帮助他们在学业和个人方面取得成功。a course和design之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故选A。 6．（2018·天津·高考真题）There have been many advances in medicine in recent years. That means money ______ for medical research has been well spent. A．used B．using C．to use D．to be used 【答案】A 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：近年来医学取得了许多进展。这意味着用于医学研究的钱花得很值。分析句子可知，money与use在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故选A项。 7．（2017·天津·高考真题）The speaker, ______for her wonderful speeches, will deliver a lecture in our school next week. A．to know B．being known C．known D．knowing 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位以精彩演讲著称的演讲者将于下周在我们学校发表演讲。句子的谓语为will deliver，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，be known for为固定短语，意为“以……而闻名”，需用过去分词形式作状语。故选C。 8．（2013·天津·高考真题） In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words _______in daily conversations. A．using B．to use C．having used D．used 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有些语言，100个词汇就占了日常会话中的一半词汇。这是非谓语动词做定语，words与use之间存在被动关系，所以选D。A表示正在发生，B表示将来，C表示非谓语动作先于谓语动作发生，D表示被动和完成。非谓语动词做定语用法的区别在于时间：to do表将来，doing表现在，done表被动或完成。故选D。 【点睛】考查非谓语动词的用法。非谓语动词包括to do（动词不定式），doing（-ing形式），done（过去分词），一般要从功能上对他们进行区分：定语、状语，宾语补足语，主语，宾语及表演等方面；尤其要关注状语、定语等方面。 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $