专题08 谓语动词的时态（复习讲义）（天津专用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语讲义聚焦高考谓语动词时态核心考点，涵盖一般态、进行态、完成态等4类热考时态及5类其他时态，按“命题透视-思维建模-考点精讲-真题溯源”逻辑架构知识体系。通过考点梳理构建系统框架，方法指导归纳解题范式，真题训练溯源考向，帮助学生突破时态判断难点，体现复习教学的系统性和针对性。 资料突出“语境语法”考查特色，融合语言能力与思维品质培养，如考点精讲中采用“时间状语定位+语境逻辑分析”策略（例：现在完成时结合“for+时间段”与“持续影响”双维判断）。设置基础、中档、难题分层练习，配合即时反馈，确保有限时间内最大化复习效果，助力学生提升应考能力，为教师精准把控复习节奏提供有力支撑。

专题08 谓语动词的时态 内容导航 01 命题透视·考情前瞻 对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 02 思维建模·脉络梳理 搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 03 考点精讲·靶向突破 拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 04 真题溯源·考向感知 溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 命题透视·考情前瞻 ——对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 考点频次总结 2025 首考 2025 二考 2024 首考 2024 二考 2023 首考 2023 二考 2022 首考 2022 二考 2021 首考 2021 二考 14，现在完成时及主谓一致 7，过去完成时及其被动 3，现在完成进行时 6，现在完成时及其被动 11，将来进行时 12，现在完成时及主谓一致 7，现在进行时及其被动 10，过去完成时 2，一般过去时及其被动语态 3，现在完成时 4，过去完成时及其被动语态 备注 谓语动词在高考单选中的考察是及时态、语态和主谓一致的综合，本专题聚焦于时态维度。 考情分析 语篇选材贴近时代与生活，涵盖社会、科技、环保等多元领域；基础题占 60%，中档题 30%，难题 10%，区分度清晰；强调 “语境语法”，需结合语义与逻辑解题。 复习目标 结合近年天真题，此类题目延续 “语境化” 考查，纯语法题占比持续下降；核心考点稳定，语篇选材更注重人文关怀与跨学科视野，重点考察时态、语态和主谓一致三大考点的综合分析。 思维建模·脉络梳理 ——搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 4类热考时态 其他5类时态 考点精讲·靶向突破 ——拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 知●识●解●构 考点一 一般态 知识点1 一般现在时 用法 示例 表示经常性、习惯性发生的动作或存在的状态 I leave home for school at 7:00 every morning. 我每天早上七点从家出发去学校。 She always takes a walk in the evening. 她总是在晚间散步。 表示主语现在的身份、特征、状态、能力、性格等 We are very busy these days. 这些天我们很忙。 The dangerous situation calls for a calm head. 危险的形势需要冷静的头脑。 表示客观事实、普遍真理或格言 Light travels faster than sound. 光比声音传播得快。 Time and tide wait for no man. 时不我待。 用于新闻标题、历史简介、小说章节标题或小说、电影、戏剧情节介绍、图片说明等 Bank Robbery: Robbers take $10,000 银行劫案：匪徒抢走一万美金 (新闻标题) The Queen arrives for the opening ceremony. 女王出席了开幕式。(照片说明) 表示将来 用于时间状语从句、条件状语从句或让步状语从句，代替一般将来时 When I grow up, I will be a nurse and look after patients. 我长大后要当一名护士，照顾病人。 按时间表、计划或安排将要发生的动作 (一般不会轻易改变) The train arrives at 10:30. 火车十点半到达。 得分速记 1. 常与一般现在时连用的时间状语: ① 频度副词:never 从不、seldom 很少、sometimes 有时、often 经常、usually 通常、always 总是； ② 其他时间状语:once in a while 偶尔、once a week 一周一次、twice a month 每月两次、from time to time 时不时、at weekends 在周末、every day/week/month/year 每天 / 周 / 月 / 年等。 2. 常用一般现在时表将来的动词：come、go、arrive、leave、begin、start、return 等。 知识点2 一般过去时 用法 示例 表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态 I left my bedroom door open and my dog chewed my shoes. 我把卧室的门开着，我的狗咬坏了我的鞋子。 表示过去一段时间内经常、反复发生的动作或存在的状态 (常与频度副词连用) When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 当我小的时候，我经常在街上踢足球。 Wherever he traveled in those years, he wrote down what he saw and heard. 那些年里，他每到一个地方旅行，总会把所见所闻记下来。 用于时间状语从句、条件状语从句或原因状语从句，代替过去将来时 Alina said she would come if I promised to wait for her. 阿丽娜说如果我答应等她，她就会来。 I didn't go to the party that evening as I started off on the journey at dawn. 那天晚上我没有去参加聚会，因为我黎明时要出发去旅行。 得分速记 常与一般过去时连用的时间状语: yesterday (昨天)、yesterday morning/afternoon/evening (昨天早上 / 下午 / 晚上)、once (曾经)、last night/year (昨晚 / 去年)、a few days ago (几天前)、the other day (几天前)、at that time (当时)、at that moment (在那一刻)、just now (刚刚)、in 2005 (在 2005 年)、in the old days (在过去的岁月里) 等。 知识点3 一般将来时和过去将来时 一般将来时 过去将来时 构成 will/shall + 动词原形 (shall 用于第一人称，will 可用于各种人称) would/should + 动词原形 用法 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态 (立足现在), 常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如 tomorrow、soon、in the future、next week/month/year 等 表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态 (立足过去), 常用于宾语从句 示例 When I was a child, I thought I would know the answers to everything, but now I understand that the future life won't have a standard answer. 当我还是个孩子的时候，我觉得我会知道所有问题的答案，但现在我明白，未来的生活并没有标准答案。(would know 立足过去，won't have 立足现在) 得分速记 表示将来意义的结构及其意义 形式 意义 示例 be going to + 动词原形 决定、打算要做 (事先思考过或计划好，主观色彩较强) They are going to hold a meeting to discuss our research project. 他们打算开个会来讨论我们的研究计划。 I was going to buy a car then. 我当时正打算买一部车。 有迹象表明将要发生的事 (有趋势) It looks as if the weather is going to turn bad. 看起来天气好像要变糟了。 be about to + 动词原形 马上或眼下就要发生，不与表示具体时间的状语连用 (说话时就是时间状语) Sit down please, everyone. The film is about to start. 大家请坐下，电影马上开始。 He was about to say something more, and then checked himself. 他还想说几句，却又止住了。 be to + 动词原形 表示主观的计划、安排、约定、意图 When is the opening ceremony to be? 开幕式什么时候举行？ 表示应该、命令、禁止、义务或可能性 (有感情色彩，相当于情态动词) What am I to tell her when she finds out? 要是她发现了，我将怎样对她说呢？ The magazines are not to be taken out of the reading room. 杂志不准带出阅览室。 As a soldier, he was to do whatever he was ordered to do. 作为军人，他必须执行命令。 用于 if 引导的条件状语从句，表示意图、打算，意为 “如果想”, 相当于 want to 或 should Stronger measures are needed to protect the environment if mankind is to survive. 如果人类要继续生存下去，就需要采取更强有力的措施来保护环境。 进行时 用于表示位置转移的动词 (如 come、go、leave、arrive、return、begin 等), 表示已计划或安排好的事 We are leaving early tomorrow morning. 我们明天一早就出发。 We were told that the plane was taking off in ten minutes. 我们被告知飞机十分钟后就要起飞了。 考点二 进行态 知识点1 现在进行时和过去进行时 现在进行时 过去进行时 构成 am/is/are doing was/were doing 基本用法 ①表示说话时正在进行的动作或存在的状态 ②表示现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态，但说话时动作不一定在进行 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在发生的动作或存在的状态 标志词 now、just now、at present、at the moment、these days、look、listen 等 then、at that time、the whole morning、this time yesterday、last night 等 示例 I'm waiting to have a word with you. 我在等着和你说句话。 He is generally going to bed at 11:00 these days. 他这些日子通常11点睡觉。 We were discussing the plan this time yesterday. 昨天这时候我们正在讨论这个计划。 We were expecting you yesterday. 我们昨天一直在等你。 得分速记 用法 示例 表达感情色彩：与 always、constantly、frequently、forever 等副词连用，表示重复的动作使人感到不满、厌倦或觉得不合情理，有时也可表示赞赏、满意 She is constantly disturbing me in class. 她在课上不停地打扰我。(厌烦) Maria is always thinking of others. 玛丽亚总为别人着想。(赞美) He was forever complaining. 他总是抱怨。(不满) 表示将来：一些非延续性动词 (come、go、leave、arrive、die、start、stop 等) 可以用进行时态表示按照计划动作即将发生 Hurry up! The train is arriving soon. 快点儿！火车很快就要到了。 They wanted to know when we were leaving for Beijing. 他们想知道我们什么时候动身去北京。 表示变化过程:begin、start、become、grow、get、lose 等的进行时态可以表示从一种状态逐渐变化到另一种状态 It is getting warmer and warmer. 天气变得越来越暖和了。 After waiting for half an hour she was beginning to get angry. 等了半个小时之后她开始生气了。 知识点2 将来进行时   用法：表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作或存在的状态，或按计划、安排将要发生的事情。 得分速记 常用的时间状语：soon、then、in two days、this time tomorrow、tomorrow morning、at 9:00 next Monday、from 10:00 to 11:00 tomorrow、the day after tomorrow 等。 I will be waiting for you at the school gate then. 届时我将在学校大门口等你。 This time tomorrow we'll be sitting in the cinema and watching a film. 明天这个时候我们将坐在电影院里看电影。 考点三 完成态 知识点1 现在完成时 表示从过去某时开始的动作或状态持续到现在并有可能持续下去 He has worked here for over 20 years. 他在这里工作已有二十多年了。 Bows and arrows have long since been out of use. 弓和箭很久以前就不使用了。 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响 China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. 中国已成为首个航天器在月球背面着陆的国家。 用在固定句型 This/That/It is the first/second/...time + that 从句 It is the first time that the boy has spoken to a foreigner. 这是这个男孩第一次同外国人说话。 得分速记 常用的时间状语：already、yet、ever、before、lately、recently、up to now、so far、since + 过去的时间点 / 从句、for + 时间段、during/in the past/last + 时间段等。 知识点2 过去完成时 表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，强调 “过去的过去” By the end of yesterday, we had received over 1,000 letters from all over the world. 到昨天为止，我们已经收到了来自世界各地的一千多封信。 表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到过去另一个时间的动作或状态，并有可能持续下去 It had rained for five hours by 11:00. 到11点，已下了五个小时的雨。 He had been ill for a week when he was sent to the hospital. 当他被送到医院时，他已经病了一个星期了。 表示过去原本想做但事实上并未完成的事 (expect、hope、intend、mean、plan、suppose、want 等) We had meant to tell her the news but we found that she wasn't in. 我们本打算把这个消息告诉她，但是我们发现她不在家。 用在固定句型 had hardly done...when... 和 had no sooner done...than..., 意为 “一…… 就……” His sister had hardly heard the terrible news when she burst into tears. 他妹妹一听到这个噩耗就放声大哭起来。 We had no sooner sat down at the table than the phone rang. 我们刚在桌子旁坐下，电话铃就响了。 用在固定句型 This/That/It was the first/second/...time + that 从句 It was the first time that we had found common ground. 那是我们头一回达成共识。 得分速记 常用的时间状语：by + 过去时间点、by the end of + 过去时间点、before + 过去时间点 / 从句、when 引导的表示过去时间的从句等。 知识点3 将来完成时 用法：表示在将来的某一时刻已经完成的动作。 By the end of next year, we'll have learned 2,000 English words. 到明年年底，我们将学了2,000个英语单词。 得分速记 常用的时间状语：by + 将来时间点、by the end of + 将来时间点、by the time+时间状语从句（现在时）等。 知识点4 现在完成进行时 用法：表示从过去某时开始的动作一直持续到现在，这个动作可能刚刚结束，也可能仍在继续，强调动作的持续过程。 It has been raining heavily all day. 大雨下了一整天了。 You are out of breath. Have you been running? 你气喘吁吁的，你刚刚一直在跑步吗？ 考●向●破●译 1．（2026·天津武清·模拟预测）Once the traditional local culture _________ effectively in public communities, more young people will develop a strong sense of cultural identity. A．promotes B．is promoted C．will promote D．will be promoted 2．（2026·天津宝坻·三模）Catherine is the only one of the students who ________ a winner of a scholarship for two years. A．are B．has been C．have been D．is 3．（2026·天津河北·二模）Driven by innate curiosity, Tu Youyou, along with other scientists,________ scientific breakthroughs for decades, with no end in sight. A．has been pursued B．has been pursuing C．have been pursued D．have been pursuing 4．（2026·天津东丽·二模）As a member of the community, everyone ______ care for public facilities, such as not littering in parks or damaging shared equipment. A．used to B．would rather C．ought to D．had better 5．（2026·天津红桥·三模）At this time tomorrow evening, we dinner at a restaurant in the city center. A．had B．have had C．would have D．will be having 6．（2026·天津滨海新区·三模）Over the past few years, the eastern coast, together with its surrounding scenic beaches, ________ a favored getaway for travelers seeking peace and natural beauty. A．have become B．has become C．are becoming D．is becoming 7．（2026·天津红桥·三模）Over the past few years, I numerous conferences on climate change, and each one has deepened my understanding of the issue. A．attended B．have attended C．would attend D．was attending 8．（2026·天津北辰·二模）Either you or James ________ as manager of the sales department when Mr. White retires next month, so you should try your best to do your job well. A．are to be appointed B．is to be appointed C．are appointed D．is appointed 9．（2026·天津北辰·二模）Please don’t disturb Mr. Brown between 3:00 and 5:00 this afternoon, because he ________ an important client then. A．will meet B．will be meeting C．is meeting D．has been meeting 10．（2026·天津河西·二模）Despite facing numerous setbacks in the initial phase of the project, our team________ unwavering in our commitment to the goal, and we finally achieved a breakthrough last month. A．remained B．has remained C．would remain D．was remaining 11．（2026·天津和平·二模）About a month ago, a brochure about your hotel was requested, but I ________ it yet. A．didn’t receive B．haven’t received C．don’t receive D．am not receiving 12．（2026·天津东丽·一模）The number of applications for the science club ___ since the opening of the new lab. A．are growing B．is growing C．have grown D．has grown 13．（2026·天津东丽·一模）Whenever I visited my grandparents, I _________ spend hours helping them in the garden, enjoying the peace and quiet. A．must B．would C．should D．might 14．（2026·天津蓟州·一模）—The number of applicants for the house ______ in the last five years. —That’s true. I ______ for a year, but my turn is yet to come. I believe I will make it. A．doubled; am queuing up B．has doubled; have been queued up C．have doubled; have been queuing up D．has doubled; have been queuing up 15．（2026·天津南开·一模）The saying criticizes any ________ that fails to identify the root cause and ________ ineffective in solving underlying issues. A．recreation; proved B．consequence; is proved C．approach; proves D．commitment; has proven 16．（2026·天津南开·一模）The key point is that the regular sleep schedule he had stuck to ________ discipline and planning. A．require B．required C．requiring D．had required 17．（2026·天津河西·一模）The historical wooden bridge across the river ________ for over a year due to severe erosion, but the latest report says the restoration ________ and will reopen next month. A．has been closed; is progressing B．has been closed; had progressed C．had been closed; has been progressing D．had been closed; was progressing 18．（2021·天津和平·一模）— Is Peter coming? — No, he ________ his mind after a phone call at the last minute. A．is changing B．has changed C．had changed D．changed 19．（2026·天津滨海新区·一模）In the memory test conducted at Nankai University, volunteers were asked to recall the words they ______ right before the task began. A．had just memorized B．were just memorizing C．just memorized D．have just memorized 20．（2026·天津滨海新区·一模）—I haven’t seen you for ages. Have you graduated from college? —Yes. I ______ English for four years in Nanjing University. A．have studied B．studied C．had studied D．is studying 21．（2026·天津河东·一模）Both neighboring countries _________ from their closer cooperative relations over the past three decades. A．had benefited B．benefit C．benefited D．have benefited 22．（2026·天津红桥·一模）—You haven’t got the tickets for the concert. —I know, and we ______ to get some for the last five weeks. A．had tried B．will be trying C．have been trying D．were trying 23．（2026·天津南开·一模）Many a student in our grade ________ professional English learning apps to assist with vocabulary accumulation since the new term began, and the effect is obvious. A．has used B．have used C．used D．uses 24．（2026·天津河北·一模）Currently, the majority of research focused on environmental protection, rather than on generating industrial profits, ______ lowering the risk to life on Earth. A．are aimed at B．is aimed at C．were aimed at D．was aimed at 25．（2026·天津南开·三模）For years, the scientist that his theory would eventually be proven, and now, with the latest experimental data, it finally . A．had maintained; has been B．maintained; is C．has maintained; had been D．had been maintained; is 26．（25-26高三上·天津和平·期末）More than one group interest in collaborating on the project, which could lead to exciting opportunities for everyone. A．have expressed B．has expressed C．have been expressing D．has been expressed 27．（2025·天津河西·三模）The research they had been devoted to ________ to be of great value. A．was proved B．proving C．proves D．proved 28．（2025·天津和平·三模）DeepSeek’s breakthrough on cost challenges the “bigger is better” tradition that ______ the AI arms race in recent years. A．had been driven B．had driven C．has driven D．has been driven 29．（2025·天津滨海新区·三模）Having earned widespread acclaim, the Nezha 2 crew ______ themselves to crafting another hit animation for years to come. A．have been dedicating B．will be dedicating C．had dedicated D．are dedicating 30．（2025·天津北辰·三模）Every boy and every girl ________ the 2024 New Year Day in our classroom when suddenly our beloved principal entered the classroom, conveying the best wishes and expectations to us. A．would observe B．observed C．were observing D．was observing 真题溯源·考向感知 ——溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 1．（2025·天津·高考真题）Although it has been proved that Benjamin Franklin’s experiment took place, more than one scientist________ what really happened. A．has questioned B．have questioned C．was questioning D．were questioning 2．（2025·天津·高考真题）The Song Dynasty the introduction of jiaozi, which is supposedly the world’s first paper money. A．has seen B．had seen C．sees D．saw 3．（2023·天津·高考真题）Human impact on the animal kingdom, such as hunting and destruction of habitats, ___________a reduction in the population of certain species in the past three decades. A．has caused B．have caused C．was causing D．were causing 4．（2023·天津·高考真题）Some restaurants are happy to provide a free cake if you let them know in advance that you ________a group for a birthday party. A．will be bringing B．have brought C．have been bringing D．were bringing 5．（2022·天津·高考真题）The children failed to hide their disappointment when they found out the school________ the party. A．cancels B．will cancel C．has cancelled D．had cancelled 6．（2022·天津·高考真题）Critical reasoning, together with problem-solving, ________ teenagers to make better decisions. A．prepare B．prepares C．is preparing D．are preparing 7．（2021·天津·高考真题）Good evening, everybody. Professor King ________ his lecture in a moment, but let me introduce him first. A．delivered B．will be delivering C．was delivering D．has been delivering 8．（2021·天津·高考真题）We ________ quite enough work for the morning; now let's take a break. A．have done B．will do C．had done D．were doing 9．（2020·天津·高考真题）The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ______ around that level ever since. A．are remaining B．have remained C．is remaining D．has remained 10．（2020·天津·高考真题）—You are a great swimmer. —Thanks. It’s because I ______ a lot these days. A．have been practising B．was practising C．would practise D．had practised 11．（2020·天津·高考真题）A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city ____________ in favour of the proposal on health care reform. A．is B．are C．was D．were 12．（2020·天津·高考真题）—The machine is working again！ —Yes, it broke down yesterday, but it___________. A．has been fixed B．is being fixed C．had been fixed D．would be fixed 13．（2019·天津·高考真题）Amy, as well as her brothers, ________ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. A．is given B．are given C．was given D．were given 14．（2019·天津·高考真题）I __________ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it. A．had hoped B．am hoping C．have hoped D．would hope 15．（2019·天津·高考真题）I took notes during the meeting, but I a chance to write them into a report so far. A．didn’t have B．haven’t had C．hadn’t had D．won’t have 16．（2018·天津·高考真题）My washing machine ___________this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. A．was repaired B．is repaired C．is being repaired D．has been repaired 17．（2017·天津·高考真题）I ________down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road. A．was driving B．have driven C．would drive D．drove 18．（2017·天津·高考真题）One night, at about midnight, I ______ the sky for about an hour. The stars were shining like diamonds. A．have watched B．had watched C．watch D．watched 19．（2016·天津·高考真题）When walking down the street, I came across David, who I _____ for years. A．didn’t see B．haven’t seen C．hadn’t seen D．wouldn’t see 20．（2015·天津·高考真题）Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement __________so far by the two sides. A．has been reached B．was reached C．will reach D．will have reached 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题08 谓语动词的时态 内容导航 01 命题透视·考情前瞻 对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 02 思维建模·脉络梳理 搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 03 考点精讲·靶向突破 拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 04 真题溯源·考向感知 溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 命题透视·考情前瞻 ——对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 考点频次总结 2025 首考 2025 二考 2024 首考 2024 二考 2023 首考 2023 二考 2022 首考 2022 二考 2021 首考 2021 二考 14，现在完成时及主谓一致 7，过去完成时及其被动 3，现在完成进行时 6，现在完成时及其被动 11，将来进行时 12，现在完成时及主谓一致 7，现在进行时及其被动 10，过去完成时 2，一般过去时及其被动语态 3，现在完成时 4，过去完成时及其被动语态 备注 谓语动词在高考单选中的考察是及时态、语态和主谓一致的综合，本专题聚焦于时态维度。 考情分析 语篇选材贴近时代与生活，涵盖社会、科技、环保等多元领域；基础题占 60%，中档题 30%，难题 10%，区分度清晰；强调 “语境语法”，需结合语义与逻辑解题。 复习目标 结合近年天真题，此类题目延续 “语境化” 考查，纯语法题占比持续下降；核心考点稳定，语篇选材更注重人文关怀与跨学科视野，重点考察时态、语态和主谓一致三大考点的综合分析。 思维建模·脉络梳理 ——搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 4类热考时态 其他5类时态 考点精讲·靶向突破 ——拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 知●识●解●构 考点一 一般态 知识点1 一般现在时 用法 示例 表示经常性、习惯性发生的动作或存在的状态 I leave home for school at 7:00 every morning. 我每天早上七点从家出发去学校。 She always takes a walk in the evening. 她总是在晚间散步。 表示主语现在的身份、特征、状态、能力、性格等 We are very busy these days. 这些天我们很忙。 The dangerous situation calls for a calm head. 危险的形势需要冷静的头脑。 表示客观事实、普遍真理或格言 Light travels faster than sound. 光比声音传播得快。 Time and tide wait for no man. 时不我待。 用于新闻标题、历史简介、小说章节标题或小说、电影、戏剧情节介绍、图片说明等 Bank Robbery: Robbers take $10,000 银行劫案：匪徒抢走一万美金 (新闻标题) The Queen arrives for the opening ceremony. 女王出席了开幕式。(照片说明) 表示将来 用于时间状语从句、条件状语从句或让步状语从句，代替一般将来时 When I grow up, I will be a nurse and look after patients. 我长大后要当一名护士，照顾病人。 按时间表、计划或安排将要发生的动作 (一般不会轻易改变) The train arrives at 10:30. 火车十点半到达。 得分速记 1. 常与一般现在时连用的时间状语: ① 频度副词:never 从不、seldom 很少、sometimes 有时、often 经常、usually 通常、always 总是； ② 其他时间状语:once in a while 偶尔、once a week 一周一次、twice a month 每月两次、from time to time 时不时、at weekends 在周末、every day/week/month/year 每天 / 周 / 月 / 年等。 2. 常用一般现在时表将来的动词：come、go、arrive、leave、begin、start、return 等。 知识点2 一般过去时 用法 示例 表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态 I left my bedroom door open and my dog chewed my shoes. 我把卧室的门开着，我的狗咬坏了我的鞋子。 表示过去一段时间内经常、反复发生的动作或存在的状态 (常与频度副词连用) When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 当我小的时候，我经常在街上踢足球。 Wherever he traveled in those years, he wrote down what he saw and heard. 那些年里，他每到一个地方旅行，总会把所见所闻记下来。 用于时间状语从句、条件状语从句或原因状语从句，代替过去将来时 Alina said she would come if I promised to wait for her. 阿丽娜说如果我答应等她，她就会来。 I didn't go to the party that evening as I started off on the journey at dawn. 那天晚上我没有去参加聚会，因为我黎明时要出发去旅行。 得分速记 常与一般过去时连用的时间状语: yesterday (昨天)、yesterday morning/afternoon/evening (昨天早上 / 下午 / 晚上)、once (曾经)、last night/year (昨晚 / 去年)、a few days ago (几天前)、the other day (几天前)、at that time (当时)、at that moment (在那一刻)、just now (刚刚)、in 2005 (在 2005 年)、in the old days (在过去的岁月里) 等。 知识点3 一般将来时和过去将来时 一般将来时 过去将来时 构成 will/shall + 动词原形 (shall 用于第一人称，will 可用于各种人称) would/should + 动词原形 用法 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态 (立足现在), 常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如 tomorrow、soon、in the future、next week/month/year 等 表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态 (立足过去), 常用于宾语从句 示例 When I was a child, I thought I would know the answers to everything, but now I understand that the future life won't have a standard answer. 当我还是个孩子的时候，我觉得我会知道所有问题的答案，但现在我明白，未来的生活并没有标准答案。(would know 立足过去，won't have 立足现在) 得分速记 表示将来意义的结构及其意义 形式 意义 示例 be going to + 动词原形 决定、打算要做 (事先思考过或计划好，主观色彩较强) They are going to hold a meeting to discuss our research project. 他们打算开个会来讨论我们的研究计划。 I was going to buy a car then. 我当时正打算买一部车。 有迹象表明将要发生的事 (有趋势) It looks as if the weather is going to turn bad. 看起来天气好像要变糟了。 be about to + 动词原形 马上或眼下就要发生，不与表示具体时间的状语连用 (说话时就是时间状语) Sit down please, everyone. The film is about to start. 大家请坐下，电影马上开始。 He was about to say something more, and then checked himself. 他还想说几句，却又止住了。 be to + 动词原形 表示主观的计划、安排、约定、意图 When is the opening ceremony to be? 开幕式什么时候举行？ 表示应该、命令、禁止、义务或可能性 (有感情色彩，相当于情态动词) What am I to tell her when she finds out? 要是她发现了，我将怎样对她说呢？ The magazines are not to be taken out of the reading room. 杂志不准带出阅览室。 As a soldier, he was to do whatever he was ordered to do. 作为军人，他必须执行命令。 用于 if 引导的条件状语从句，表示意图、打算，意为 “如果想”, 相当于 want to 或 should Stronger measures are needed to protect the environment if mankind is to survive. 如果人类要继续生存下去，就需要采取更强有力的措施来保护环境。 进行时 用于表示位置转移的动词 (如 come、go、leave、arrive、return、begin 等), 表示已计划或安排好的事 We are leaving early tomorrow morning. 我们明天一早就出发。 We were told that the plane was taking off in ten minutes. 我们被告知飞机十分钟后就要起飞了。 考点二 进行态 知识点1 现在进行时和过去进行时 现在进行时 过去进行时 构成 am/is/are doing was/were doing 基本用法 ①表示说话时正在进行的动作或存在的状态 ②表示现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态，但说话时动作不一定在进行 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在发生的动作或存在的状态 标志词 now、just now、at present、at the moment、these days、look、listen 等 then、at that time、the whole morning、this time yesterday、last night 等 示例 I'm waiting to have a word with you. 我在等着和你说句话。 He is generally going to bed at 11:00 these days. 他这些日子通常11点睡觉。 We were discussing the plan this time yesterday. 昨天这时候我们正在讨论这个计划。 We were expecting you yesterday. 我们昨天一直在等你。 得分速记 用法 示例 表达感情色彩：与 always、constantly、frequently、forever 等副词连用，表示重复的动作使人感到不满、厌倦或觉得不合情理，有时也可表示赞赏、满意 She is constantly disturbing me in class. 她在课上不停地打扰我。(厌烦) Maria is always thinking of others. 玛丽亚总为别人着想。(赞美) He was forever complaining. 他总是抱怨。(不满) 表示将来：一些非延续性动词 (come、go、leave、arrive、die、start、stop 等) 可以用进行时态表示按照计划动作即将发生 Hurry up! The train is arriving soon. 快点儿！火车很快就要到了。 They wanted to know when we were leaving for Beijing. 他们想知道我们什么时候动身去北京。 表示变化过程:begin、start、become、grow、get、lose 等的进行时态可以表示从一种状态逐渐变化到另一种状态 It is getting warmer and warmer. 天气变得越来越暖和了。 After waiting for half an hour she was beginning to get angry. 等了半个小时之后她开始生气了。 知识点2 将来进行时   用法：表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作或存在的状态，或按计划、安排将要发生的事情。 得分速记 常用的时间状语：soon、then、in two days、this time tomorrow、tomorrow morning、at 9:00 next Monday、from 10:00 to 11:00 tomorrow、the day after tomorrow 等。 I will be waiting for you at the school gate then. 届时我将在学校大门口等你。 This time tomorrow we'll be sitting in the cinema and watching a film. 明天这个时候我们将坐在电影院里看电影。 考点三 完成态 知识点1 现在完成时 表示从过去某时开始的动作或状态持续到现在并有可能持续下去 He has worked here for over 20 years. 他在这里工作已有二十多年了。 Bows and arrows have long since been out of use. 弓和箭很久以前就不使用了。 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响 China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. 中国已成为首个航天器在月球背面着陆的国家。 用在固定句型 This/That/It is the first/second/...time + that 从句 It is the first time that the boy has spoken to a foreigner. 这是这个男孩第一次同外国人说话。 得分速记 常用的时间状语：already、yet、ever、before、lately、recently、up to now、so far、since + 过去的时间点 / 从句、for + 时间段、during/in the past/last + 时间段等。 知识点2 过去完成时 表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，强调 “过去的过去” By the end of yesterday, we had received over 1,000 letters from all over the world. 到昨天为止，我们已经收到了来自世界各地的一千多封信。 表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到过去另一个时间的动作或状态，并有可能持续下去 It had rained for five hours by 11:00. 到11点，已下了五个小时的雨。 He had been ill for a week when he was sent to the hospital. 当他被送到医院时，他已经病了一个星期了。 表示过去原本想做但事实上并未完成的事 (expect、hope、intend、mean、plan、suppose、want 等) We had meant to tell her the news but we found that she wasn't in. 我们本打算把这个消息告诉她，但是我们发现她不在家。 用在固定句型 had hardly done...when... 和 had no sooner done...than..., 意为 “一…… 就……” His sister had hardly heard the terrible news when she burst into tears. 他妹妹一听到这个噩耗就放声大哭起来。 We had no sooner sat down at the table than the phone rang. 我们刚在桌子旁坐下，电话铃就响了。 用在固定句型 This/That/It was the first/second/...time + that 从句 It was the first time that we had found common ground. 那是我们头一回达成共识。 得分速记 常用的时间状语：by + 过去时间点、by the end of + 过去时间点、before + 过去时间点 / 从句、when 引导的表示过去时间的从句等。 知识点3 将来完成时 用法：表示在将来的某一时刻已经完成的动作。 By the end of next year, we'll have learned 2,000 English words. 到明年年底，我们将学了2,000个英语单词。 得分速记 常用的时间状语：by + 将来时间点、by the end of + 将来时间点、by the time+时间状语从句（现在时）等。 知识点4 现在完成进行时 用法：表示从过去某时开始的动作一直持续到现在，这个动作可能刚刚结束，也可能仍在继续，强调动作的持续过程。 It has been raining heavily all day. 大雨下了一整天了。 You are out of breath. Have you been running? 你气喘吁吁的，你刚刚一直在跑步吗？ 考●向●破●译 1．（2026·天津武清·模拟预测）Once the traditional local culture _________ effectively in public communities, more young people will develop a strong sense of cultural identity. A．promotes B．is promoted C．will promote D．will be promoted 【答案】B 【详解】考句意：一旦传统的地方文化在公共社区得到有效推广，更多的年轻人将会培养出强烈的文化认同感。Once引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，主句使用了一般将来时（will develop），从句应使用一般现在时表将来。同时，从句主语the traditional local culture与动词promote（推广）之间是被动关系，需使用一般现在时的被动语态。 2．（2026·天津宝坻·三模）Catherine is the only one of the students who ________ a winner of a scholarship for two years. A．are B．has been C．have been D．is 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Catherine是这些学生中唯一一个连续两年获得奖学金的人。在“the only one of + 复数名词 + who”结构中，定语从句的先行词是“the only one”，因此从句的谓语动词需用单数形式，此外，句中含有时间状语“for two years”，表示状态从过去持续到现在，需使用现在完成时，结合单数形式与现在完成时，谓语动词应为has been。 3．（2026·天津河北·二模）Driven by innate curiosity, Tu Youyou, along with other scientists,________ scientific breakthroughs for decades, with no end in sight. A．has been pursued B．has been pursuing C．have been pursued D．have been pursuing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在与生俱来的好奇心驱使下，屠呦呦和其他科学家几十年来一直在追求科学突破，而且看不到尽头。句子主语是Tu Youyou；along with other scientists是伴随状语，主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用单数形式，排除have相关选项。根据for decades及with no end in sight可知，动作从过去持续到现在且还在进行，应用现在完成进行时，has been pursuing符合要求。 4．（2026·天津东丽·二模）As a member of the community, everyone ______ care for public facilities, such as not littering in parks or damaging shared equipment. A．used to B．would rather C．ought to D．had better 【答案】C 【详解】句意：作为社会的一员，每个人都应该爱护公共设施，比如不在公园乱扔垃圾、不损坏公共设备。A. used to过去常常；B. would rather宁愿；C. ought to应该；D. had better最好。根据语境，此处是表达社会责任层面理应做的事。 5．（2026·天津红桥·三模）At this time tomorrow evening, we dinner at a restaurant in the city center. A．had B．have had C．would have D．will be having 【答案】D 【详解】句意：明晚这个时候，我们将在市中心的一家餐厅吃晚饭。根据句中的时间状语“At this time tomorrow evening(明晚这个时候)”可知，此处表示在将来某一特定时刻正在进行的动作，应用将来进行时，其谓语动词结构为“will be doing”。 6．（2026·天津滨海新区·三模）Over the past few years, the eastern coast, together with its surrounding scenic beaches, ________ a favored getaway for travelers seeking peace and natural beauty. A．have become B．has become C．are becoming D．is becoming 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在过去的几年里，东海岸连同其周围风景优美的海滩，已经成为寻求宁静和自然之美的游客们青睐的度假胜地。根据句中的时间状语“Over the past few years”可知，句子应使用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在或对现在造成影响。此外，当主语后跟有“together with...”等介词短语时，谓语动词的单复数形式应与前面的中心主语保持一致（即“就远原则”）。本句的中心主语“the eastern coast”为单数，因此谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式“has become”。 7．（2026·天津红桥·三模）Over the past few years, I numerous conferences on climate change, and each one has deepened my understanding of the issue. A．attended B．have attended C．would attend D．was attending 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在过去的几年里，我参加了无数次关于气候变化的会议，每一次都加深了我对这个问题的理解。句中包含时间状语“Over the past few years(在过去的几年里)”，该固定搭配通常与现在完成时连用，表示从过去某个时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，主语是I，因此，空格处应使用现在完成时“have attended”。 8．（2026·天津北辰·二模）Either you or James ________ as manager of the sales department when Mr. White retires next month, so you should try your best to do your job well. A．are to be appointed B．is to be appointed C．are appointed D．is appointed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：下个月怀特先生退休时，要么你要么詹姆斯将被任命为销售部门经理，所以你应该尽力把工作做好。either...or...连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”，与离它最近的主语James保持一致，所以谓语动词用单数形式，排除are相关选项。根据next month可知，这里表示将来的动作，且James与appoint之间是被动关系，即“被任命”，be to do sth.可表将来，is to be appointed符合将来被动的结构。 9．（2026·天津北辰·二模）Please don’t disturb Mr. Brown between 3:00 and 5:00 this afternoon, because he ________ an important client then. A．will meet B．will be meeting C．is meeting D．has been meeting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：请不要在今天下午3点到5点之间打扰布朗先生，因为那时他将正在会见一位重要客户。meet(会见)作从句谓语，根据时间状语‌“between 3:00 and 5:00 this afternoon”和‌“then”可知，此处强调的是将来某一特定时间段内正在进行的动作，应使用将来进行时态will be meeting。 10．（2026·天津河西·二模）Despite facing numerous setbacks in the initial phase of the project, our team________ unwavering in our commitment to the goal, and we finally achieved a breakthrough last month. A．remained B．has remained C．would remain D．was remaining 【答案】A 【详解】句意：尽管在项目初期面临诸多挫折，但我们团队对目标的承诺始终坚定不移，上个月我们终于取得了突破。根据“we finally achieved a breakthrough last month”可知，描述的是过去发生的事情，且“尽管在项目初期面临诸多挫折”和“我们团队对目标的承诺始终坚定不移”是同时发生的，因此空处也应用一般过去时。 11．（2026·天津和平·二模）About a month ago, a brochure about your hotel was requested, but I ________ it yet. A．didn’t receive B．haven’t received C．don’t receive D．am not receiving 【答案】B 【详解】句意：大约一个月前我索要了贵酒店的宣传册，但至今仍未收到。receive(收到)作分句谓语，yet为现在完成时标志词，表迄今为止未发生的动作，用现在完成时态。 12．（2026·天津东丽·一模）The number of applications for the science club ___ since the opening of the new lab. A．are growing B．is growing C．have grown D．has grown 【答案】D 【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：自从新实验室开放以来，申请科学俱乐部的申请数量一直在增长。The number of后面接可数名词复数，谓语动词用单数形式，根据since the opening of the new lab可知，此处应用现在完成时。故选D。 13．（2026·天津东丽·一模）Whenever I visited my grandparents, I _________ spend hours helping them in the garden, enjoying the peace and quiet. A．must B．would C．should D．might 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：每当我去看望祖父母时，我总会花上几个小时在花园里帮他们干活，享受那份宁静。would在这里表示过去常常、习惯性地做某事，对应句子里 “每次去看望祖父母时，总会花几小时帮忙” 的过去习惯性动作。must：必须、一定（不符合语境）；should：应该（表建议或责任，不表示过去习惯）；might：可能（语气不确定，与句意不符）均不符合语境。故选B。 14．（2026·天津蓟州·一模）—The number of applicants for the house ______ in the last five years. —That’s true. I ______ for a year, but my turn is yet to come. I believe I will make it. A．doubled; am queuing up B．has doubled; have been queued up C．have doubled; have been queuing up D．has doubled; have been queuing up 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态与主谓一致。句意：——过去五年里，这套房子的申请者数量翻了一番。——没错。我已经排队一年了，但还没轮到我。我相信我会成功的。the number of作主语，谓语动词用单数，in the last five years和现在完成时连用，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has；第二空表示从过去持续到现在的动作，用现在完成进行时have/has been doing，主语是I，助动词用have。故选D项。 15．（2026·天津南开·一模）The saying criticizes any ________ that fails to identify the root cause and ________ ineffective in solving underlying issues. A．recreation; proved B．consequence; is proved C．approach; proves D．commitment; has proven 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词词义辨析和动词时态。句意：这句话批评的是任何未能找出根本原因且在解决根本问题方面效果不佳的方法。recreation娱乐，consequence后果，approach方法，commitment承诺，投入，忠诚。根据that fails to identify the root cause可知，这里表示“方法”用approach；that引导限制性定语从句，第二空与fails并列作谓语，prove为系动词，无被动语态，且描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语approach为单数，动词用第三人称单数形式proves。故选C。 16．（2026·天津南开·一模）The key point is that the regular sleep schedule he had stuck to ________ discipline and planning. A．require B．required C．requiring D．had required 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态。句意：关键在于，他一直坚持的规律作息时间表需要一定的自律和规划。he had stuck to是定语从句，修饰schedule，had stuck to是过去完成时，因此require的动作发生在过去，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故选B。 17．（2026·天津河西·一模）The historical wooden bridge across the river ________ for over a year due to severe erosion, but the latest report says the restoration ________ and will reopen next month. A．has been closed; is progressing B．has been closed; had progressed C．had been closed; has been progressing D．had been closed; was progressing 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：河上那座历史悠久的木桥因严重侵蚀已经关闭一年多了，但最新报告称修复工作正在进行，下个月将重新开放。第一空根据时间状语“for over a year”可知，此处用现在完成时，bridge与close是被动关系，且主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用has been closed；第二空表示现阶段正在进行的动作，结合“and will reopen next month”可知，此处用现在进行时，谓语动词为第三人称单数，所以第二空为is progressing。故选A项。 18．（2021·天津和平·一模）— Is Peter coming? — No, he ________ his mind after a phone call at the last minute. A．is changing B．has changed C．had changed D．changed 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——彼得要来吗？——不来了，他在最后一刻接了个电话后改变了主意。“改变主意”是过去发生的一次性动作，用一般过去时，所以谓语动词为changed。故选D项。 19．（2026·天津滨海新区·一模）In the memory test conducted at Nankai University, volunteers were asked to recall the words they ______ right before the task began. A．had just memorized B．were just memorizing C．just memorized D．have just memorized 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在南开大学开展的记忆测试中，志愿者被要求回忆他们在测试任务开始前刚刚记住的单词。由before可知，memorize发生的动作在从句谓语began之前，表示动作发生在过去的动作之前，即“过去的过去”，用过去完成时，谓语用had just memorized。故选A。 20．（2026·天津滨海新区·一模）—I haven’t seen you for ages. Have you graduated from college? —Yes. I ______ English for four years in Nanjing University. A．have studied B．studied C．had studied D．is studying 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：——我好久没见到你了。你大学毕业了吗？—是的。我在南京大学学习英语已经四年了。根据回答中的Yes.可知已经毕业，此处是陈述过去的事实用一般过去时，故选B。 21．（2026·天津河东·一模）Both neighboring countries _________ from their closer cooperative relations over the past three decades. A．had benefited B．benefit C．benefited D．have benefited 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这两个邻国在过去的三十年里都从更加紧密的合作关系中获益。“over the past three decades(在过去的三十年里)”是现在完成时的标志词，该时态表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在，或者刚刚终止，或者可能仍然要继续下去，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”，主语Both neighboring countries是复数，助动词用have，benefit的过去分词是benefited。故选D。 22．（2026·天津红桥·一模）—You haven’t got the tickets for the concert. —I know, and we ______ to get some for the last five weeks. A．had tried B．will be trying C．have been trying D．were trying 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——你们还没有拿到音乐会的票。——我知道，在过去的五个星期里，我们一直在努力弄到一些。根据句中时间状语for the last five weeks可知，句子描述的是从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在，并可能还将继续下去的动作，所以时态应用现在完成进行时，其结构为“have/has been+现在分词”，句子主语为we，所以助动词用have，故选C。 23．（2026·天津南开·一模）Many a student in our grade ________ professional English learning apps to assist with vocabulary accumulation since the new term began, and the effect is obvious. A．has used B．have used C．used D．uses 【答案】A 【详解】考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：自从新学期开始，我们年级许多学生一直在使用专业的英语学习应用程序来帮助积累词汇，效果很明显。“Many a+单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词需用单数形式。且由句中时间状语“since the new term began”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时。故选A项。 24．（2026·天津河北·一模）Currently, the majority of research focused on environmental protection, rather than on generating industrial profits, ______ lowering the risk to life on Earth. A．are aimed at B．is aimed at C．were aimed at D．was aimed at 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：目前，大多数专注于环境保护而非创造工业利润的研究，旨在降低地球生命的风险。根据Currently（目前）可知，描述经常或习惯性动作，用一般现在时。be aimed at doing sth. 意为“旨在做某事”，主语为the majority of research，be动词用is。故选B项。 25．（2026·天津南开·三模）For years, the scientist that his theory would eventually be proven, and now, with the latest experimental data, it finally . A．had maintained; has been B．maintained; is C．has maintained; had been D．had been maintained; is 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：多年来，这位科学家始终坚信他的理论终将被证实；如今，随着最新的实验数据出炉，它终于得到了证实。句中的时间线索是for years和now；科学家“坚持自己的理论会被证实”这个动作，是发生在“现在被证实”之前的、持续了多年的过去动作，句子中没有表示过去的动作，用一般过去时表示过去多年的坚持，因此填maintained；now是现在时的标志词，强调“现在理论被证实了”，用一般现在时，承前省略的“proven”。故选B。 26．（25-26高三上·天津和平·期末）More than one group interest in collaborating on the project, which could lead to exciting opportunities for everyone. A．have expressed B．has expressed C．have been expressing D．has been expressed 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：不止一个团队表示有兴趣合作这个项目，这可能会为每个人带来令人兴奋的机会。express(表示，表达)作主句谓语，与主语More than one group之间是主动关系，“表达兴趣”这个动作已经完成且对现在有影响，用现在完成时，且“more than one+单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。故选B项。 27．（2025·天津河西·三模）The research they had been devoted to ________ to be of great value. A．was proved B．proving C．proves D．proved 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态。句意：他们一直致力于的研究证明很有价值。主语含有定语从句，此处为谓语动词，陈述过去的动作，用一般过去时。故选D项。 28．（2025·天津和平·三模）DeepSeek’s breakthrough on cost challenges the “bigger is better” tradition that ______ the AI arms race in recent years. A．had been driven B．had driven C．has driven D．has been driven 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：DeepSeek在成本方面的突破挑战了近年来推动人工智能军备竞赛的“越大越好”的传统。此处为that引导的定语从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语in recent years可知，此处应为现在完成时，强调动作从过去持续到现在的影响，且drive和从句主语the “bigger is better” tradition之间为主动关系，所以此处应为现在完成时的主动语态，由tradition可知，助动词用has。故选C项。 29．（2025·天津滨海新区·三模）Having earned widespread acclaim, the Nezha 2 crew ______ themselves to crafting another hit animation for years to come. A．have been dedicating B．will be dedicating C．had dedicated D．are dedicating 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态。句意：在获得广泛赞誉后，《哪吒2》的剧组人员将在未来几年致力于打造另一部热门动画。根据时间状语for years to come可知，本句为将来进行时。故选B项。 30．（2025·天津北辰·三模）Every boy and every girl ________ the 2024 New Year Day in our classroom when suddenly our beloved principal entered the classroom, conveying the best wishes and expectations to us. A．would observe B．observed C．were observing D．was observing 【答案】D 【详解】考查主谓一致及固定句型。 句意：每个男孩和女孩都正在我们的教室里庆祝 2024 年元旦，这时我们敬爱的校长突然走进教室，向我们传达了最美好的祝愿和期望。空处为主句的谓语动词。此处为固定句型：be doing...when...“正在做某事，这时突然……”，根据entered可知，应用过去进行时。当主语由“every...and every...”结构连接时，谓语动词用单数形式。故选D。 真题溯源·考向感知 ——溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 1．（2025·天津·高考真题）Although it has been proved that Benjamin Franklin’s experiment took place, more than one scientist________ what really happened. A．has questioned B．have questioned C．was questioning D．were questioning 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：尽管富兰克林做实验一事已被证实，但不止一位科学家对当时究竟发生了什么提出了质疑。陈述过去动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，主语为“more than one+名词”，谓语动词为单数形式。故选A。 2．（2025·天津·高考真题）The Song Dynasty the introduction of jiaozi, which is supposedly the world’s first paper money. A．has seen B．had seen C．sees D．saw 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：宋朝见证了交子的出现，交子据说是世界上第一种纸币。see(见证)作主句谓语，结合“The Song Dynasty”可知，这一动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故选D项。 3．（2023·天津·高考真题）Human impact on the animal kingdom, such as hunting and destruction of habitats, ___________a reduction in the population of certain species in the past three decades. A．has caused B．have caused C．was causing D．were causing 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：人类对动物王国的影响，如狩猎和破坏栖息地，在过去的30年里导致了某些物种的数量的减少。设空处为谓语，根据时间状语in the past three decades可知应用现在完成时，主语Human impact，谓语用第三人称单数，故选A。 4．（2023·天津·高考真题）Some restaurants are happy to provide a free cake if you let them know in advance that you ________a group for a birthday party. A．will be bringing B．have brought C．have been bringing D．were bringing 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态。句意：如果你提前告诉一些餐馆你将带一个团队来参加生日派对，他们会很乐意提供一个免费的蛋糕。根据“in advance”可知，此处表示将来的动作，所以应用将来进行时。故选A。 5．（2022·天津·高考真题）The children failed to hide their disappointment when they found out the school________ the party. A．cancels B．will cancel C．has cancelled D．had cancelled 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：当孩子们发现学校取消了派对时，他们无法掩饰他们的失望。结合句意可知，学校取消派对发生在前，孩子无法掩饰失望发生在后，故从句的cancel为“过去的过去”，需要用过去完成时态。故选D项。 6．（2022·天津·高考真题）Critical reasoning, together with problem-solving, ________ teenagers to make better decisions. A．prepare B．prepares C．is preparing D．are preparing 【答案】B 【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：批判性推理和解决问题的能力有助于青少年做出更好的决定。短语together with/along with/as well as, etc连接两个并列的名词或代词做主语时谓语动词的数由该结构前的名词或代词决定，句子主语为Critical reasoning，谓语动词应用单数形式，此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时。故选B项。 7．（2021·天津·高考真题）Good evening, everybody. Professor King ________ his lecture in a moment, but let me introduce him first. A．delivered B．will be delivering C．was delivering D．has been delivering 【答案】B 【详解】考查将来进行时。句意：大家晚上好，金教授马上要发表演讲，但（开始之前）让我先介绍一下他。根据语境和标志词in a moment（立即，即将，一会儿）的提示，可知教授的演讲还未开始，用将来时态（一般将来时或将来进行时），仅有B符合题意，是将来进行时的结构，故选B。 8．（2021·天津·高考真题）We ________ quite enough work for the morning; now let's take a break. A．have done B．will do C．had done D．were doing 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态。句意：今天上午我们做的工作够多的了，现在让我们休息一下吧。根据后半句“now let's take a break.”可知，做很多工作这件事情是从过去某个时间开始一直到现在，应用现在完成时。故选A。 9．（2020·天津·高考真题）The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ______ around that level ever since. A．are remaining B．have remained C．is remaining D．has remained 【答案】D 【详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:20世纪90年代初，医学院的数量达到了18所，此后一直保持在这个水平。ever since“从那以后”作时间状语，句子用现在完成时态。主语为the number of medical schools，the number of表示“……的数目”，中心词是number，所以是单数，作主语时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。综上，故选D。 10．（2020·天津·高考真题）—You are a great swimmer. —Thanks. It’s because I ______ a lot these days. A．have been practising B．was practising C．would practise D．had practised 【答案】A 【详解】 考查时态。句意:-你游泳很棒。-谢谢。这是因为这些天我一直在练习。根据时间状语these days(这些天)可知，“练习游泳”从数天前开始，一直持续到现在，因此该句应用现在完成进行时态。故选A。 11．（2020·天津·高考真题）A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city ____________ in favour of the proposal on health care reform. A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：去年进行的一项调查显示，该市80％的中年人赞成医疗改革的建议。通过分析句子结构并翻译语境可知，主句时态为一般过去时，根据时态一致性可知从句中时态也为一般过去时，且从句中主语80% of the middle-aged是复数，按照主谓一致原则，因此使用be动词were。故选D项。 12．（2020·天津·高考真题）—The machine is working again！ —Yes, it broke down yesterday, but it___________. A．has been fixed B．is being fixed C．had been fixed D．would be fixed 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：机器又运转了！是的，昨天机器出故障了，但已经被修好了。通过分析语境可知，此处使用现在完成时，表示截至目前已经完成的动作。故选A项。 13．（2019·天津·高考真题）Amy, as well as her brothers, ________ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. A．is given B．are given C．was given D．were given 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：艾米和她的兄弟们当上周回到村里时，受到了热烈的欢迎。根据last week可知，应用过去时，排除选项A和B；本句的主语是Amy，她受到热烈欢迎，所以用过去时的被动。故选C。 14．（2019·天津·高考真题）I __________ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it. A．had hoped B．am hoping C．have hoped D．would hope 【答案】A 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：我本来计划在Peter结婚时送他一个礼物的，可是我没有做到。第二个分句中“couldn’t”用的是一般过去时，所以发生在它之前的动作用过去完成时。故选A。 15．（2019·天津·高考真题）I took notes during the meeting, but I a chance to write them into a report so far. A．didn’t have B．haven’t had C．hadn’t had D．won’t have 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态。句意：会议期间我做了笔记，但到目前为止我还没有机会把它们写进报告里。根据句中时间状语so far可知，此处应使用现在完成时。故B选项正确。 【点睛】现在完成时的部分常见标志词（组）in the past few days/weeks/months/years；(up to)these few days/weeks/months/years；up to present/now；so far；till now及句型：It is the 序数词 +time that…谓语动词使用现在完成时。 16．（2018·天津·高考真题）My washing machine ___________this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. A．was repaired B．is repaired C．is being repaired D．has been repaired 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态。句意：这周我的洗衣机正在修，所以我不得不手洗衣服。根据后句so I have to wash my clothes by hand.可知，洗衣机正在修，故用现在进行时态的被动语态。故选C。 点睛：本题考查时态。分析选项可以知道，4个选项都用了被动语态，本题考查的其实是不同的时态。选项A是过去时；选项B是一般现在时的被动；选项C是现在进行时；选项D是现在完成时。再结合语境进行分析，最终判断出最佳答案。 17．（2017·天津·高考真题）I ________down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road. A．was driving B．have driven C．would drive D．drove 【答案】A 【详解】考查固定句型和过去进行时。句意：我正开着车去伦敦的路上，这时我发现走错路了。be doing sth when 结构表示“正在做某事，这时…”。为固定句型。根据时态一致原则，可知这里用过去进行时，故选A。 18．（2017·天津·高考真题）One night, at about midnight, I ______ the sky for about an hour. The stars were shining like diamonds. A．have watched B．had watched C．watch D．watched 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态。句意：一天晚上，午夜时分，我看了大约一个小时的天空。星星像钻石一样闪闪发光。根据时间状语one night，可知此句描述的是在过去的时间里发生的事，和现在没有联系，也没有和过去的动作以及时间上的先后对比，所以用一般过去时，故选D。 19．（2016·天津·高考真题）When walking down the street, I came across David, who I _____ for years. A．didn’t see B．haven’t seen C．hadn’t seen D．wouldn’t see 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当沿着街道散步的时候，我遇见了多年未见的David。根据语境，“not see”这个动作发生在come across之前，是过去的过去发生的动作，用过去完成时。故选C。 【名师点睛】英语中的时态主要由动词的形式决定，因此在学习英语时态时，要注意分析动词形式及具体语境，想象在那个特定的时间动作所发生的背景，这个动作是经常性动作、一般性动作、进行性动作、完成性动作还是将要发生的动作。过去完成时是一个相对的时态，表示过去的过去的动作，还有一个特点就是和过去的一段时间搭配。 20．（2015·天津·高考真题）Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement __________so far by the two sides. A．has been reached B．was reached C．will reach D．will have reached 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态。句意：尽管之前多轮谈判，但到目前为止双方没有达成任何协议。根据句中的时间状语so far“到目前为止”可知用现在完成时。主语agreement与reach为被动关系，根据句意可知选A。 【点睛】本题考查时态。现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,也可表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态。分析此题只需要牢牢抓住时间状语so far“到目前为止”，从而判定出所应当运用的时态。 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $