专题14 Unit 5 Power of Ideas 语法、写作讲解（暑假讲义）-2026年新九年级英语暑期预习系列（新教材人教版）

专题14 Unit 5 Power of Ideas 语法、写作讲解（暑假讲义） 一．语法学习 被动语态 1.语态：英语的语态是通过动词的形式表现出来的，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系，英语的动词有两种语态形式，即主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，谓语动词用主动语态。如果主语是动作的对象，谓语动词用被动语态。 2.主动语态与被动语态的转化： ①将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语；②将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be＋过去分词”结构；③将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后（有时可省略）。 例： We visited that factory last summer. 主动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 That factory was visited by us last summer 被动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 本单元的重点语法是一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态。 一般现在时的被动语态 一般现在时的被动语态由“am/is/are+动词的过去分词”构成，be动词的形式取决于主语，表示“...被做。”其常用的结构如下： 肯定句：主语+am/is/are+过去分词+（by+名词/代词）. 否定句：主语+am/is/are not+过去分词+（by+名词/代词）. 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语+过去分词+（by+名词/代词）？ 特殊疑问词：疑问词+am/is/are+过去分词+（by+名词/代词）？ 注意如果不知道或没必要说明动作是由谁做的，可省略by+名词/代词。此外，用于被动语态的动词是及物动词（表状态的及物动词除外），如果用不及物动词，则要在不及物动词后带上相应的介词或副词。 Her grandmother is looked after by her.她的奶奶得到她的照顾。 I am not asked to read this passage.我没被要求读这段话。 Are these computers made in the U.S.A.这些计算机是美国制造的吗？ What is it made of？它是用什么制造的？ 点拨一般现在时的主动语态和被动语态的转换 （1）主动语态的主语变被动语态时要变成“by+主语（代词用宾格）”；主动语态的谓语动词变被动语态时要变为am/is/are+该动词的过去分词（be动词的形式取决于主语）；主动语态的宾语要变为被动语态的主语。记忆口诀：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。 谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。 We often use a recorder in our English class.我们常常在我们的英语课上用录音机。 A recorder is often used in our English class by us.录音机常常在英语课上被我们使用。 （2）英语中有些及物动词，诸如give和teach等，可接双宾语。把含有这些词的句子变为被动语态时，被动语态既可用人作主语，又可用物作主语。 Tom gives me a book.=Tom gives a book to me.汤姆给了我一本书。 被动语态为：A book is given to me by Tom. I am given a book by Tom. （3）一些短语，诸如break out（爆发），sell well（畅销），belong to（属于），come out（出版）等等，没有被动语态结构。 He was 29 when war broke out.战争爆发时他才29岁。 This book sells well.这本书销量好。 Which door does this key belong to?这是哪个门的钥匙? Will the book come out this week. 这本书本周出版吗？ 一般过去时的被动语态 一般过去时的被动语态结构由“was/were+过去分词”构成，was和were由主语的单复数决定，表示动作在过去的时间里被做。其常用句型如下： 肯定句：主语+was/were+动词的过去分词+其它+（by+名词/代词）. They were beaten.他们被打了。 否定句：主语+was/were+not+动词的过去分词+其它+（by+名词/代词）. This speech was not delivered by Mr He这个演讲不是何先生发表的。 一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+动词的过去分词+其它+（by+名词/代词）? 答语：Yes，主语+was/were。No，主语+was/weren’t。 Was the song composed by a soldier? 这首歌是由一名士兵创作的吗? Yes，it was./No, it wasn’t.是的。/不是的。 特殊疑问句：疑问词+was/were+主语+动词的过去分词+其它+（by+名词/代词）？ What was it made of？它是用什么制成的？ It was made of silk. 它是用丝绸制成的。 注意一般过去时的主动语态和被动语态的转换 主动语态的主语要变为被动语态中的by+主动语态的主语（人称代词变宾格）。主动语态的谓语动词变被动语态要用was/were+动词的过去分词。主动语态的宾语要变为被动语态的主语。 That man killed two women in the morning.那个男人早上杀了两名女士。 Two women were killed by that man in the morning.两名女士早上被那个男人杀死了。 易错 感官动词see, hear, watch, feel, notice及使役动词let, make, have等，动词后省略to不定式，变为被动语态时，应加上不定式符合to. 例：I always see the boys play in the park. (变成被动语态) The boys are always seen to play by me in the park. 一．用所给词的适当被动形式填空 1. English ________ (speak) in many countries. 2. This house ________ (build) in 1995. 3. The letters ________ (send) yesterday. 4. Rice ________ (grow) in China. 5. The window ________ (break) by the boy last night. 6. These cars ________ (make) in Japan. 7. The meeting ________ (hold) every Monday. 8. The Great Wall ________ (visit) by millions of tourists every year. 9. The cake ________ (eat) by the children yesterday. 10. Portuguese ________ (speak) in Brazil. 二．将主动语态改为被动语态 1. People speak English all over the world.→ English ________ ________ all over the world. 2. Shakespeare wrote Hamlet.→ Hamlet ________ ________ by Shakespeare. 3. They clean this room every day.→ This room ________ ________ every day. 4. Someone stole my bike yesterday.→ My bike ________ ________ yesterday. 5. They grow rice in this region.→ Rice ________ ________ in this region. 6. The storm damaged many houses last night.→ Many houses ________ ________ by the storm last night. 7. The company employs 500 workers.→ 500 workers ________ ________ by the company. 8. Edison invented the light bulb.→ The light bulb ________ ________ by Edison. 三．翻译句子 1. 这个房间每天都被打扫。 _________________________________________________________________ 2. 长城是两千多年前建造的。 _________________________________________________________________ 3. 英语在澳大利亚被使用吗？ _________________________________________________________________ 4. 这些照片是什么时候拍摄的？ _________________________________________________________________ 5. 我的手机昨天被偷了。 _________________________________________________________________ 6. 寿司在日本被广泛食用。 ________________________________________________________________ 7. 这座桥是1990年建造的。 _________________________________________________________________ 8. 这些书每周都被归还到图书馆。 _________________________________________________________________ 二．写作学习 本单元的主题是“发明”,写作任务要求学生能用所学的词汇和句型介绍某项发明,具体包括该项发明的发明时间、发明原因、用途以及对这项发明的观点或看法等。 　　围绕该主题命制的书面表达通常要求学生写一篇说明文介绍某项发明。 必备词句 （1）technological invention科技发明　 （2）send e-mails发送电子邮件 （3）communicate with sb. 和某人交流　 （4）what’s more此外     （5）surf the Internet上网冲浪 （6）at that time　在当时 （7）out of date　已过时 （8）be suitable for　适合用于 （9）allow sb. to do sth.　允许某人做某事 （10）imagine doing sth.　想象自己做某事 （11）millions of　数以百万计 （12）provide sth. for sb.　为某人提供某物 （13）in recent years　近年来 （14）daily life    日常生活 （15）be used to do sth.   用于做某事   （16）come up with    想出  （17）as time went by随时间推移而产生 （18）It is widely used in many ways.它被广泛使用在许多方面。 （19）It is the most useful and meaningful technological invention that I have ever used!它是我用过的最有用且最有意义的科技发明! （20）Electric cars may seem to be a recent invention, but they have been around for years.电动汽车看似是一项新发明，但实际上已问世多年。 （21）Smart homes are becoming more and more popular these days.如今，智能家居正变得越来越普及。 （22）What are the advantages of a smart home?智能家居有哪些优势？ （23）Each coin has two sides, and so do smart homes.每枚硬币都有两面，智能家居亦是如此。 写作实例 科技的发展改变了世界,各种科技发明让我们的生活越来越多姿多彩。校英语俱乐部和科技俱乐部合作开展了以“The 　　     has influenced me most”为题的征文活动,请你写一篇英语短文参赛,向同学们介绍一项对你影响最大的科技发明。 内容要点:1.对你影响最大的科技发明是什么; 2.介绍这项科技发明的用途; 3.表达你对这项科技发明的看法。 写作要求:1.请补全标题,并包含所有要点,可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯; 2.词数80左右。开头已给出,不计入总词数。 The 　　　　　　     has influenced me most Technological inventions play an important part in our daily lives. 谋篇布局 优秀范文 The computer has influenced me most Technological inventions play an important part in our daily lives. There are many technological inventions in my life, but the one that has influenced me most is the computer. It is widely used in many ways. First, I can send e-mails to communicate with my friends and relatives. Second, it can be used to enjoy music and movies when I am tired. It brings me lots of pleasure. What’s more, surfing the Internet on the computer helps me know more about the world. The computer makes my life colorful. It is the most useful and meaningful technological invention that I have ever used! 写作实战 发明改变了世界,改变了我们的生活,如手机、汽车、地图等。假如你是李华,你校英语社团正在开展线上国际交流活动,其公众号计划做关于“发明改变生活”的系列推送。请你用英文给公众号投稿,推荐一个你认为重要的发明,并说明推荐理由。词数80—100。 提示词语:important, change, develop 提示问题:·What invention do you want to recommend(推荐)? ·Why do you want to recommend it? 综合训练 语法训练 一．单项选择 1．The rule is ________ to protect everyone’s safety. A．design B．designing C．designed D．to design 2．Around 71% of the earth’s surface________by the ocean. That is why the earth is called the Blue Planet. A．are covered B．are covering C．is covered D．is covering 3．I’m not sure if Lily ________ me tomorrow. If I ________, I will go with you. A．will invite; am invited B．invites; will invite C．invite; will be invited D．will invite; will be invited 4．— A healthy ecosystem ________ different kinds of plants and animals. — Yes. And different species together ________ a balanced nature. A．makes up; make up B．is made up of; make up C．is made up of; is made up of D．makes up; is made up of 5．Nowadays, robots can do lots of amazing things and they ________ in many places. A．use B．are used C．used D．were used 6．A new high-speed railway station ________ in Ji’an last year. It now connects the city with many other big cities in China. A．is built B．was built C．will be built D．has been built 7．Many trees and flowers ________ in our city last year and they made our city a beautiful garden. A．have planted B．are planted C．were planted D．is planted 8．The 12th World Games ________ in Chengdu in August, 2025. A．holds B．is held C．was held D．will be held 9．The Taj Mahal ________ by Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his wife. A．built B．was built C．is built D．will be built 10．The Taj Mahal ________ in the 17th century by Emperor Shah Jahan. A．built B．was built C．is built D．will be built 二．完成句子 1．这个湖泊里没有鱼，因为水被污染了。（no fish; polluted） ________ ________ ________ fish in this lake because the water ________ ________. 2．当我们的工作完成了，我们就会看到一些可爱的气球了。 ________ our job is ________, we’ll see some lovely balloons. 3．孔明灯用竹子制成，并且用纸覆盖。 Sky lanterns ________ ________ of bamboo and ________ ________ paper. 4．袁隆平被公认为世界上最伟大的农业科学家之一。 Yuan Longping ________________________ the greatest agricultural scientists in the world. 5．张仲景被称为中国的医圣。   Zhang Zhongjing is ________ as the Medical ________ in China. 6．风筝是2000多年前由中国人发明的。 Kites ________ ________ by the Chinese people over 2,000 years ago. 7．火箭发射的那一刻很激动人心。 The ________ when the ________ was ________ was exciting. 8．在其父亲被诊断出肺癌后，他决定戒烟。 He decided to give up smoking after his father ________ ________ ________ lung cancer. 9．人们写在丝绸、木头、竹子和皮革上，直到纸在中国被发明。   People wrote on silk, wood, bamboo, and ________ until paper was ________ in China. 10．黑死病始于中亚，由老鼠和跳蚤传播。   The Black Death started in Central Asia and was ________ by rats and ________ . 三．语法填空 A Have you seen two robots argue with each other? In a library in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, such an 1 (interest) scene took place. The two robots are named Tutu and Wangbao. When a reader scanned the QR code(扫描二维码) on Tutu 2 accident, Wangbao got angry and began to argue with Tutu. This amused(使发笑) the reader who posted 3 video of the argument on December 30, 2020. Soon, the video 4 (become) popular online. In the video, Wangbao later said, "Tutu, let's stop 5 (fight), OK?” But Tutu seemed to be unhappy. "Your mood(情绪)sure swings a lot!” she said. " 6 looks like how you argue with your girlfriend, ha ha, ” one Internet user posted. "It's terrible 7 (hear) people arguing, but I don't expect I'd love to listen to robots arguing, ” another user wrote. The online video was 8 (wide) spread on Sina Weibo, with 500, 000 opinions by Saturday. This way, Tutu and Wangbao started to be Internet stars. When they were 9 (interview) on January 1, 2021, the two seemed to have already forgiven（原谅）each other. According to Zhong Xiaotong, a 10 (work) from the library, the two robots are set to help guide readers in the library. But they can also sing and dance to have fun with readers. They can learn and act when they communicate with readers. B 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空(必要时可加情态动词或助动词)。 Nowadays, bikes are very popular in towns, cities as well as villages. But do you know the history of the bike? In fact, the bicycle 1 (have) a long and interesting history. The first bicycle 2 (invent) more than two hundred years ago. Early bicycles, however, 3 (not look) like today’s bikes. One of the first bicycles was called the hobby horse. It was made of wood! People rode by 4 (push) their feet along on the ground. Later, a bicycle that had pedals (踏板) and metal tires (轮胎) was invented. It was not comfortable. It was called the boneshaker. Inventors kept working 5 (make) bicycles more comfortable. Then, the high wheeler was developed. It had a very big wheel in the front. This bicycle was not easy 6 (ride) because the rider sat high up on it. The rider 7 (be) badly hurt. Then bicycles began to have two wheels that were in the same size. More than one hundred years ago, bicycles began to have rubber tires that was filled with air. That was a solution for the problem of a bumpy(不平的) ride. The new tires made riding 8 (become) smoother than before. Today, riding bikes 9 (get) popular to get exercise, more and more people enjoy it. Science and technology is developing quickly these days and nobody knows what bikes 10 (be) like in the future. 写作训练 1．假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Linda想了解你所在城市的一种新发明的情况。请你根据内容提示，给她写一封信。 要点： 1.该发明是一种新型小汽车； 2.能利用太阳能在陆地上和水中行驶； 3.也能利用电能行驶。 注意： 1.信的内容要详略得当，并注意内容的完整、丰富与流畅； 2.词数80～100，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Linda, I'm very glad to introduce the new invention to you. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With my best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 2．假如你发明的“飞行单车（flying bicycle）”在学校科技节中获奖，被推荐参加一个国际青少年科技展览。请你根据表格中的要点提示用英语介绍你的发明。 Looks wheels; wings（翅膀） Uses ride on the ground; fly in the sky; take photos; … Advantages reduce traffic jams（交通堵塞）; protect the environment by using solar power; . . . 要求： 1. 短文应包括表格中所有的写作要点，条理清楚，行文连贯，可适当发挥； 2. 短文中不能出现真实的人名和地名； 3. 词数80左右，短文开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. I'd like to introduce my new invention to you. It is ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3．假设这周你们学校英语角谈论的话题是“手机的发展史”。请你在英语角向同学们介绍一下它的发展变化，并描述你对未来手机的畅想。 提示： 1. 发明时间——1973年； 2. 当时的手机——large, heavy ； 3. 现在的手机——take photos, listen to music, pay for things ； 4. 畅想 要求： 1. 语意连贯，语句通顺； 2. 不少于80词。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．假定你是李辉，你校正在举办一年一度的科技节，你设计了一款机器人参赛。请你结合下面图示信息，用英文写一篇短文，介绍你的机器人。 注意： 1．短文必须包含上图所有信息，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 2．文中不得出现真实姓名和地名； 3．词数80～100(文章标题已为你写好，不计入总词数)。 参考词汇：function(n.功能) My robot ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5．发明改变了世界，改变了我们的生活。比如，电视和自行车给我们的生活带来了许多变化和便利。请你以“Inventions”为话题，根据提示写一篇短文。 要求：1. 短文必须包括图片中所有内容，可适当增加细节； 2. 词数90左右(开头已经给出，不计入总词数)。 Inventions are created every day because people would like to make life easier. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6．发明改变世界。请参照下列表格中的提示，以“My Favorite Invention—the Internet”为题写一篇英语短文，字数80词左右。 发明时间 1969年 用途 1.上网查信息；2.发邮件；3.听音乐、玩游戏、购物等； 4.广泛应用于银行、学校、医院等工作场所；5.…… 评价 1.方便了人们的生活；2.提供了更多的工作机会； 3.2020 年新冠疫情期间……；4.…… My Favorite Invention—the Internet ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题14 Unit 5 Power of Ideas 语法、写作讲解（暑假讲义） 一．语法学习 被动语态 1.语态：英语的语态是通过动词的形式表现出来的，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系，英语的动词有两种语态形式，即主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，谓语动词用主动语态。如果主语是动作的对象，谓语动词用被动语态。 2.主动语态与被动语态的转化： ①将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语；②将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be＋过去分词”结构；③将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后（有时可省略）。 例： We visited that factory last summer. 主动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 That factory was visited by us last summer 被动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 本单元的重点语法是一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态。 一般现在时的被动语态 一般现在时的被动语态由“am/is/are+动词的过去分词”构成，be动词的形式取决于主语，表示“...被做。”其常用的结构如下： 肯定句：主语+am/is/are+过去分词+（by+名词/代词）. 否定句：主语+am/is/are not+过去分词+（by+名词/代词）. 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语+过去分词+（by+名词/代词）？ 特殊疑问词：疑问词+am/is/are+过去分词+（by+名词/代词）？ 注意如果不知道或没必要说明动作是由谁做的，可省略by+名词/代词。此外，用于被动语态的动词是及物动词（表状态的及物动词除外），如果用不及物动词，则要在不及物动词后带上相应的介词或副词。 Her grandmother is looked after by her.她的奶奶得到她的照顾。 I am not asked to read this passage.我没被要求读这段话。 Are these computers made in the U.S.A.这些计算机是美国制造的吗？ What is it made of？它是用什么制造的？ 点拨一般现在时的主动语态和被动语态的转换 （1）主动语态的主语变被动语态时要变成“by+主语（代词用宾格）”；主动语态的谓语动词变被动语态时要变为am/is/are+该动词的过去分词（be动词的形式取决于主语）；主动语态的宾语要变为被动语态的主语。记忆口诀：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。 谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。 We often use a recorder in our English class.我们常常在我们的英语课上用录音机。 A recorder is often used in our English class by us.录音机常常在英语课上被我们使用。 （2）英语中有些及物动词，诸如give和teach等，可接双宾语。把含有这些词的句子变为被动语态时，被动语态既可用人作主语，又可用物作主语。 Tom gives me a book.=Tom gives a book to me.汤姆给了我一本书。 被动语态为：A book is given to me by Tom. I am given a book by Tom. （3）一些短语，诸如break out（爆发），sell well（畅销），belong to（属于），come out（出版）等等，没有被动语态结构。 He was 29 when war broke out.战争爆发时他才29岁。 This book sells well.这本书销量好。 Which door does this key belong to?这是哪个门的钥匙? Will the book come out this week. 这本书本周出版吗？ 一般过去时的被动语态 一般过去时的被动语态结构由“was/were+过去分词”构成，was和were由主语的单复数决定，表示动作在过去的时间里被做。其常用句型如下： 肯定句：主语+was/were+动词的过去分词+其它+（by+名词/代词）. They were beaten.他们被打了。 否定句：主语+was/were+not+动词的过去分词+其它+（by+名词/代词）. This speech was not delivered by Mr He这个演讲不是何先生发表的。 一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+动词的过去分词+其它+（by+名词/代词）? 答语：Yes，主语+was/were。No，主语+was/weren’t。 Was the song composed by a soldier? 这首歌是由一名士兵创作的吗? Yes，it was./No, it wasn’t.是的。/不是的。 特殊疑问句：疑问词+was/were+主语+动词的过去分词+其它+（by+名词/代词）？ What was it made of？它是用什么制成的？ It was made of silk. 它是用丝绸制成的。 注意一般过去时的主动语态和被动语态的转换 主动语态的主语要变为被动语态中的by+主动语态的主语（人称代词变宾格）。主动语态的谓语动词变被动语态要用was/were+动词的过去分词。主动语态的宾语要变为被动语态的主语。 That man killed two women in the morning.那个男人早上杀了两名女士。 Two women were killed by that man in the morning.两名女士早上被那个男人杀死了。 易错 感官动词see, hear, watch, feel, notice及使役动词let, make, have等，动词后省略to不定式，变为被动语态时，应加上不定式符合to. 例：I always see the boys play in the park. (变成被动语态) The boys are always seen to play by me in the park. 一．用所给词的适当被动形式填空 1. English ________ (speak) in many countries. 2. This house ________ (build) in 1995. 3. The letters ________ (send) yesterday. 4. Rice ________ (grow) in China. 5. The window ________ (break) by the boy last night. 6. These cars ________ (make) in Japan. 7. The meeting ________ (hold) every Monday. 8. The Great Wall ________ (visit) by millions of tourists every year. 9. The cake ________ (eat) by the children yesterday. 10. Portuguese ________ (speak) in Brazil. 【答案】1. is spoken2. was built3. were sent4. is grown5. was broken6. are made7. is held8. is visited9. was eaten10. is spoken 二．将主动语态改为被动语态 1. People speak English all over the world.→ English ________ ________ all over the world. 2. Shakespeare wrote Hamlet.→ Hamlet ________ ________ by Shakespeare. 3. They clean this room every day.→ This room ________ ________ every day. 4. Someone stole my bike yesterday.→ My bike ________ ________ yesterday. 5. They grow rice in this region.→ Rice ________ ________ in this region. 6. The storm damaged many houses last night.→ Many houses ________ ________ by the storm last night. 7. The company employs 500 workers.→ 500 workers ________ ________ by the company. 8. Edison invented the light bulb.→ The light bulb ________ ________ by Edison. 【答案】1. is spoken2. was written3. is cleaned4. was stolen5. is grown6. were damaged7. are employed8. was invented 三．翻译句子 1. 这个房间每天都被打扫。 _________________________________________________________________ 2. 长城是两千多年前建造的。 _________________________________________________________________ 3. 英语在澳大利亚被使用吗？ _________________________________________________________________ 4. 这些照片是什么时候拍摄的？ _________________________________________________________________ 5. 我的手机昨天被偷了。 _________________________________________________________________ 6. 寿司在日本被广泛食用。 ________________________________________________________________ 7. 这座桥是1990年建造的。 _________________________________________________________________ 8. 这些书每周都被归还到图书馆。 _________________________________________________________________ 【答案】1. This room is cleaned every day. 2. The Great Wall was built over 2,000 years ago. 3. Is English spoken in Australia? 4. When were these photos taken? 5. My phone was stolen yesterday. 6. Sushi is widely eaten in Japan. 7. This bridge was built in 1990. 8. These books are returned to the library every week. 二．写作学习 本单元的主题是“发明”,写作任务要求学生能用所学的词汇和句型介绍某项发明,具体包括该项发明的发明时间、发明原因、用途以及对这项发明的观点或看法等。 　　围绕该主题命制的书面表达通常要求学生写一篇说明文介绍某项发明。 必备词句 （1）technological invention科技发明　 （2）send e-mails发送电子邮件 （3）communicate with sb. 和某人交流　 （4）what’s more此外     （5）surf the Internet上网冲浪 （6）at that time　在当时 （7）out of date　已过时 （8）be suitable for　适合用于 （9）allow sb. to do sth.　允许某人做某事 （10）imagine doing sth.　想象自己做某事 （11）millions of　数以百万计 （12）provide sth. for sb.　为某人提供某物 （13）in recent years　近年来 （14）daily life    日常生活 （15）be used to do sth.   用于做某事   （16）come up with    想出  （17）as time went by随时间推移而产生 （18）It is widely used in many ways.它被广泛使用在许多方面。 （19）It is the most useful and meaningful technological invention that I have ever used!它是我用过的最有用且最有意义的科技发明! （20）Electric cars may seem to be a recent invention, but they have been around for years.电动汽车看似是一项新发明，但实际上已问世多年。 （21）Smart homes are becoming more and more popular these days.如今，智能家居正变得越来越普及。 （22）What are the advantages of a smart home?智能家居有哪些优势？ （23）Each coin has two sides, and so do smart homes.每枚硬币都有两面，智能家居亦是如此。 写作实例 科技的发展改变了世界,各种科技发明让我们的生活越来越多姿多彩。校英语俱乐部和科技俱乐部合作开展了以“The 　　     has influenced me most”为题的征文活动,请你写一篇英语短文参赛,向同学们介绍一项对你影响最大的科技发明。 内容要点:1.对你影响最大的科技发明是什么; 2.介绍这项科技发明的用途; 3.表达你对这项科技发明的看法。 写作要求:1.请补全标题,并包含所有要点,可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯; 2.词数80左右。开头已给出,不计入总词数。 The 　　　　　　     has influenced me most Technological inventions play an important part in our daily lives. 谋篇布局 优秀范文 The computer has influenced me most Technological inventions play an important part in our daily lives. There are many technological inventions in my life, but the one that has influenced me most is the computer. It is widely used in many ways. First, I can send e-mails to communicate with my friends and relatives. Second, it can be used to enjoy music and movies when I am tired. It brings me lots of pleasure. What’s more, surfing the Internet on the computer helps me know more about the world. The computer makes my life colorful. It is the most useful and meaningful technological invention that I have ever used! 写作实战 发明改变了世界,改变了我们的生活,如手机、汽车、地图等。假如你是李华,你校英语社团正在开展线上国际交流活动,其公众号计划做关于“发明改变生活”的系列推送。请你用英文给公众号投稿,推荐一个你认为重要的发明,并说明推荐理由。词数80—100。 提示词语:important, change, develop 提示问题:·What invention do you want to recommend(推荐)? ·Why do you want to recommend it? 【答案】 There are a lot of inventions which have changed our life and made our life easier and more convenient. Among all the inventions, I think the most important one is the mobile phone. The mobile phone is widely used in many ways. First, we can use it to communicate with others anywhere and anytime. Second, we can use it to do a lot of other things. For example, these days, the mobile phone can be used to take photos and make videos. Generally speaking, there is no doubt that the mobile phone is playing an important role in our life. 综合训练 语法训练 一．单项选择 1．The rule is ________ to protect everyone’s safety. A．design B．designing C．designed D．to design 【答案】C 【详解】句意：制定这条规则是为了保护每个人的安全。 根据主语“The rule”与系动词“is”可知，主语“规则”与动词design之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。被动语态的结构为“be+过去分词”，且固定搭配“be designed to do sth.”表示“被设计/旨在做某事”。因为空处需用过去分词形式与is构成被动语态，所以应填designed。 2．Around 71% of the earth’s surface________by the ocean. That is why the earth is called the Blue Planet. A．are covered B．are covering C．is covered D．is covering 【答案】C 【详解】句意：地球表面大约71% 被海洋覆盖。那就是为什么地球被称为蓝色星球。 主语“Around 71% of the earth’s surface”的中心词是surface，为不可数名词，谓语动词应用单数形式is；且“表面”与“覆盖”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态is covered。 3．I’m not sure if Lily ________ me tomorrow. If I ________, I will go with you. A．will invite; am invited B．invites; will invite C．invite; will be invited D．will invite; will be invited 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我不确定莉莉明天是否会邀请我。如果我被邀请了，我就和你一起去。 第一句中if引导宾语从句，意为“是否”，根据时间状语tomorrow可知，从句用一般将来时will invite；第二句中if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”，时态遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句使用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，且从句主语I与动词invite之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态am invited。 4．— A healthy ecosystem ________ different kinds of plants and animals. — Yes. And different species together ________ a balanced nature. A．makes up; make up B．is made up of; make up C．is made up of; is made up of D．makes up; is made up of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——一个健康的生态系统由不同种类的植物和动物组成。——是的。不同的物种共同组成一个平衡的自然界。 makes up组成（主动语态，第三人称单数）；make up组成；is made up of由……组成（被动语态。第三人称单数）。第一空主语ecosystem是整体，用is made up of；第二空主语species是部分，用make up。应填is made up of；make up。 5．Nowadays, robots can do lots of amazing things and they ________ in many places. A．use B．are used C．used D．were used 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如今机器人能完成许多惊人工作，很多地方都在使用它们。 根据“Nowadays”可知句子时态为一般现在时；主语they指代robots，与动词use之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为be done，主语为复数，应填are used。 6．A new high-speed railway station ________ in Ji’an last year. It now connects the city with many other big cities in China. A．is built B．was built C．will be built D．has been built 【答案】B 【详解】句意：去年吉安建成了一个新的高铁站。它现在将该城市与中国许多其他大城市连接起来。 根据时间状语“last year”可知是一般过去时，故排除A和C；D选项为现在完成时，不与具体过去时间连用。主语station“高铁站”和谓语build“建造”之间是被动关系，表示高铁站被建成，故用被动语态，一般过去时的被动语态的结构为“was/were+过去分词”，由此可知，was built符合题意。 7．Many trees and flowers ________ in our city last year and they made our city a beautiful garden. A．have planted B．are planted C．were planted D．is planted 【答案】C 【详解】句意：去年我们城市种植了许多树和花，它们使我们的城市成为一个美丽的花园。 根据时间状语“last year”可知应用一般过去时；主语“Many trees and flowers”与“plant”之间为被动关系，因此用一般过去时被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用were，故选were planted。 8．The 12th World Games ________ in Chengdu in August, 2025. A．holds B．is held C．was held D．will be held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：第十二届世界运动会于2025年8月在成都举行。 主语“The 12th World Games”与动词hold之间是被动关系，且时间状语“in August, 2025”为过去时间，应用一般过去时被动语态was held。 9．The Taj Mahal ________ by Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his wife. A．built B．was built C．is built D．will be built 【答案】B 【详解】句意：泰姬陵是由沙贾汗皇帝为了纪念他的妻子而建造的。 主语The Taj Mahal与动词build之间是被动关系，需用被动语态；且泰姬陵建造于过去，属于历史事实，应用一般过去时，应填was built。 10．The Taj Mahal ________ in the 17th century by Emperor Shah Jahan. A．built B．was built C．is built D．will be built 【答案】B 【详解】句意：泰姬陵是在 17 世纪由沙贾汗皇帝建造的。 主语The Taj Mahal和build是被动关系，且时间状语in the 17th century为过去时间，用一般过去时被动语态，应填was built。 二．完成句子 1．这个湖泊里没有鱼，因为水被污染了。（no fish; polluted） ________ ________ ________ fish in this lake because the water ________ ________. 【答案】 There are no is polluted 【详解】表示“某地没有某物”常用There be句型的否定形式，对应结构为：There be no+名词。全句描述一般事实，应用一般现在时态。此处fish可视作复数，指湖里的多条鱼，因此be动词用are；“被污染”需用被动语态，结构为be+过去分词，“water”是不可数名词，be动词用is，“污染”的过去分词是polluted。因此空处分别填There；are；no；is；polluted。 2．当我们的工作完成了，我们就会看到一些可爱的气球了。 ________ our job is ________, we’ll see some lovely balloons. 【答案】 When done/finished 【详解】原句中“当……的时候”以及“完成了”是关键词，根据中文“当……的时候”，可知此处引导时间状语从句，应填连词When，因位于句首，首字母需大写。根据中文“完成了”，主语our job与动词之间是被动关系（工作被完成），常用“be + 过去分词”结构表示被动或完成状态，句中已有be动词is，此处可填done/finished。故填When；done/finished。 3．孔明灯用竹子制成，并且用纸覆盖。 Sky lanterns ________ ________ of bamboo and ________ ________ paper. 【答案】 are made covered with 【详解】句意：孔明灯用竹子制成，并且用纸覆盖。原句中“由……制成”对应的固定短语是be made of，“用……覆盖”对应的固定短语是be covered with。本句描述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语Sky lanterns为复数，be动词用are；and连接两个并列的被动结构，可共用前面的be动词are，无需重复。故填are；made；covered；with。 4．袁隆平被公认为世界上最伟大的农业科学家之一。 Yuan Longping ________________________ the greatest agricultural scientists in the world. 【答案】is recognized as one of 【详解】原句的关键词是“被公认为……之一”，英文中常用“be recognized as one of...”表示，其中“be recognized as”表示“被公认为”，“one of”后接形容词最高级和名词复数。主语Yuan Longping为第三人称单数，描述一般事实，时态为一般现在时，be动词用is。 5．张仲景被称为中国的医圣。   Zhang Zhongjing is ________ as the Medical ________ in China. 【答案】 known Saint 【详解】原句中“被称为”和“圣”是关键词。“被称为”用be known as表示，故第①空填known。“医圣”意为医学界的圣人，英文表达为Medical Saint。因属于特定称号，首字母需大写，故第②空填Saint。 6．风筝是2000多年前由中国人发明的。 Kites ________ ________ by the Chinese people over 2,000 years ago. 【答案】 were invented 【详解】原句中“发明”是关键词，表示“发明”的单词是“invent”，句中“by...over 2,000 years ago”提示本句为一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were+过去分词，主语“Kites”是复数，因此be动词用were，invent的过去分词是invented。故填were；invented。 7．火箭发射的那一刻很激动人心。 The ________ when the ________ was ________ was exciting. 【答案】 moment rocket launched 【详解】原句中“那一刻”、“火箭”、“发射”是关键词，表示“那一刻”的是moment，表示“火箭”的是rocket，“发射”用过去分词launched构成被动语态。 8．在其父亲被诊断出肺癌后，他决定戒烟。 He decided to give up smoking after his father ________ ________ ________ lung cancer. 【答案】 was diagnosed with 【详解】根据句意可知，本句的关键词是“被诊断出……”，常用固定搭配be diagnosed with，根据前面的“decided”可知句子时态为一般过去时，主语“his father”是第三人称单数，所以be动词用was，故填was；diagnosed；with。 9．人们写在丝绸、木头、竹子和皮革上，直到纸在中国被发明。   People wrote on silk, wood, bamboo, and ________ until paper was ________ in China. 【答案】 leather invented 【详解】根据中文提示“皮革”，对应的英文单词是leather。根据中文提示“被发明”，此处需用被动语态。句子结构为was+过去分词，动词invent的过去分词是invented。 10．黑死病始于中亚，由老鼠和跳蚤传播。   The Black Death started in Central Asia and was ________ by rats and ________ . 【答案】 spread fleas 【详解】原句中“传播”和“跳蚤”是关键词，“传播”对应的英文动词是spread。句子结构was…by表明此处为被动语态，需要填入过去分词。spread是不规则动词，其过去分词形式仍为spread。“跳蚤”对应的英文名词是flea。由于并列连词and前的“rats”是复数形式，为了保持一致，flea也需用复数形式fleas。所以填spread；fleas。 三．语法填空 A Have you seen two robots argue with each other? In a library in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, such an 1 (interest) scene took place. The two robots are named Tutu and Wangbao. When a reader scanned the QR code(扫描二维码) on Tutu 2 accident, Wangbao got angry and began to argue with Tutu. This amused(使发笑) the reader who posted 3 video of the argument on December 30, 2020. Soon, the video 4 (become) popular online. In the video, Wangbao later said, "Tutu, let's stop 5 (fight), OK?” But Tutu seemed to be unhappy. "Your mood(情绪)sure swings a lot!” she said. " 6 looks like how you argue with your girlfriend, ha ha, ” one Internet user posted. "It's terrible 7 (hear) people arguing, but I don't expect I'd love to listen to robots arguing, ” another user wrote. The online video was 8 (wide) spread on Sina Weibo, with 500, 000 opinions by Saturday. This way, Tutu and Wangbao started to be Internet stars. When they were 9 (interview) on January 1, 2021, the two seemed to have already forgiven（原谅）each other. According to Zhong Xiaotong, a 10 (work) from the library, the two robots are set to help guide readers in the library. But they can also sing and dance to have fun with readers. They can learn and act when they communicate with readers. 【答案】1．interesting 2．by 3．a 4．became 5．fighting 6．It 7．to hear 8．widely 9．interviewed 10．worker 【导语】本文介绍了南京一家图书馆两个机器人因读者扫码争吵引发网络热议的趣事。 1．句意：在江西省南昌市一家博物馆里，发生了这样有趣的一幕。 此处需要用interest的形容词作定语修饰名词scene，意为“有趣的一幕”，描述事物特征用interesting。故填interesting。 2．句意：当一位读者偶然扫描了机器人图图上的扫描二维码时，机器人旺宝生气了并与图图发生争执。考查固定搭配"by accident"，意为“偶然，意外地”。故填by。 3．句意：这让2020年12月30日拍摄这段争吵视频的读者觉得很有意思。 特指“两个机器人争执的这一段视频”，用定冠词the。故填the。 4．句意：很快，这段视频在网上广泛传播。 根据前面"posted"等可知是一般过去时，become要变成过去式became。故填became。 5．句意：后来旺宝在视频里说道：“图图，咱们别吵了，行吗？ “fight”吵架，打架”为动词，stop doning sth.“停止做某事”，为固定搭配。故填fighting。 6．句意：一个用户发帖称：“哈哈，这看起来就像你和你女朋友吵架的样子。 "It looks like..."是固定表达， "It"作形式主语，指代后面"how you argue with your girlfriend"这件事。故填It。 7．句意：另一个用户写到“听到人类吵架很讨厌，但没想到我会喜欢听机器人吵架。” "It's+形容词+ to do sth." 是形式主语句，"it"作形式主语，真正主语是后面的不定式，所以填to hear。故填to hear。 8．句意：这段视频在新浪微博上广泛传播，播放量达300万次。 修饰动词"spread"，用副词。"wide"的副词形式是"widely"表示“广泛地”。故填widely。 9．句意：2021年1月1日接受采访时，他们似乎已经原谅彼此了。 "they"（指机器人）和"interview"是被动的关系，即“被采访”，用一般过去时的被动语态。interview的过去分词是interviewed。故填interviewedd。 10．句意：据负责管理图书馆里这两个机器人的钟孝鹏介绍。 不定冠词"a"后直接接可数名词单数。钟孝鹏应该是图书馆的一名员工，worker意为"工人，员工”。故填worker。 B 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空(必要时可加情态动词或助动词)。 Nowadays, bikes are very popular in towns, cities as well as villages. But do you know the history of the bike? In fact, the bicycle 1 (have) a long and interesting history. The first bicycle 2 (invent) more than two hundred years ago. Early bicycles, however, 3 (not look) like today’s bikes. One of the first bicycles was called the hobby horse. It was made of wood! People rode by 4 (push) their feet along on the ground. Later, a bicycle that had pedals (踏板) and metal tires (轮胎) was invented. It was not comfortable. It was called the boneshaker. Inventors kept working 5 (make) bicycles more comfortable. Then, the high wheeler was developed. It had a very big wheel in the front. This bicycle was not easy 6 (ride) because the rider sat high up on it. The rider 7 (be) badly hurt. Then bicycles began to have two wheels that were in the same size. More than one hundred years ago, bicycles began to have rubber tires that was filled with air. That was a solution for the problem of a bumpy(不平的) ride. The new tires made riding 8 (become) smoother than before. Today, riding bikes 9 (get) popular to get exercise, more and more people enjoy it. Science and technology is developing quickly these days and nobody knows what bikes 10 (be) like in the future. 【答案】1．has 2．was invented 3．don’t look 4．pushing 5．to make 6．to ride 7．could be 8．become 9．have got 10．will be 【导语】本文主要介绍了自行车的历史。 【详解】1．句意：事实上，自行车有着悠久而有趣的历史。根据“In fact”可知，此处介绍事实，用一般现在时，主语是单数形式，动词用三单，故填has。 2．句意：第一辆自行车是两百多年前发明的。主语bicycle与动词invent之间是被动关系，且根据“more than two hundred years ago”可知，描述过去发生的事情，此处用一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构，主语是单数形式，助动词用was，故填was invented。 3．句意：然而，早期的自行车看起来不像今天的自行车。此句是陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是复数形式，助动词用don’t，后接动词原形look，故填don’t look。 4．句意：人们在地上蹬着脚骑车。介词by后接动名词，故填pushing。 5．句意：发明家们一直致力于使自行车更舒适。发明家持续研究的目的是为了让自行车更舒适，用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to make。 6．句意：这辆自行车不容易骑，因为骑自行车的人坐得很高。be easy to do sth“容易做某事”，动词不定式作原因状语，故填to ride。 7．句意：骑车人可能会受重伤。根据“because the rider sat high up on it”可知，因为骑自行车的人坐得高，所以有可能会受伤，could be“可能是”符合，故填could be。 8．句意：新轮胎使骑行比以前更平稳。make sth do sth“使某物做某事”，此空填省略to的动词不定式作宾补，故填become。 9．句意：今天，骑自行车锻炼身体已经很流行了，越来越多的人喜欢它。根据“riding bikes…popular to get exercise, more and more people enjoy it”可知，强调“变得受欢迎”是一种持续的状态，所以用现在完成时have/has done的结构，主语是复数形式，助动词用have，故填have got。 10．句意：如今科学技术发展很快，没有人知道未来自行车会是什么样子。根据“in the future”可知，此处用一般将来时will do的结构，故填will be。 写作训练 1．假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Linda想了解你所在城市的一种新发明的情况。请你根据内容提示，给她写一封信。 要点： 1.该发明是一种新型小汽车； 2.能利用太阳能在陆地上和水中行驶； 3.也能利用电能行驶。 注意： 1.信的内容要详略得当，并注意内容的完整、丰富与流畅； 2.词数80～100，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Linda, I'm very glad to introduce the new invention to you. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With my best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Linda, I'm very glad to introduce the new invention to you. It's a kind of new car invented by a great young man in my local city. He is really clever. It's so great that it can run on solar power. It's certainly good for our environment. Although it mainly depends on solar power, it can still run very fast. Also, it can run not only on the land but also in the water safely. What's more, it can also use electricity to run when it's cloudy, rainy or snowy. Lots of people love this kind of car. I believe you'll also love it very much if you use it. With my best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一封书信，围绕向英国朋友介绍所在城市新型小汽车这一发明展开交流； ②时态：以一般现在时为主，用于描述发明的特征、性能等客观情况； ③提示：文章符合书信要求，包含发明的主体、动力来源、行驶场景等要点，内容完整，逻辑清晰，向朋友清晰介绍新发明。 [写作步骤] 第一步，开篇表明写信目的，即向 Linda 介绍所在城市的新发明； 第二步，详细描述新发明（新型小汽车），包括发明者（虽未着重强调，提及 “invented by a great young man” ）、动力来源（太阳能、电能 ）、行驶场景（陆地、水中 ）以及人们对其的喜爱； 第三步，结尾表达相信对方也会喜欢该发明，让书信交流更自然。 [亮点词汇] ①invent 发明 ②solar power 太阳能 ③environment 环境 ④not only...but also... 不仅…… 而且…… [高分句型] ①It's so great that it can run on solar power.（so...that... 引导结果状语从句 ） ②I believe you'll also love it very much if you use it.（believe 后接宾语从句，从句中含 if 引导的条件状语从句 ） 2．假如你发明的“飞行单车（flying bicycle）”在学校科技节中获奖，被推荐参加一个国际青少年科技展览。请你根据表格中的要点提示用英语介绍你的发明。 Looks wheels; wings（翅膀） Uses ride on the ground; fly in the sky; take photos; … Advantages reduce traffic jams（交通堵塞）; protect the environment by using solar power; . . . 要求： 1. 短文应包括表格中所有的写作要点，条理清楚，行文连贯，可适当发挥； 2. 短文中不能出现真实的人名和地名； 3. 词数80左右，短文开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. I'd like to introduce my new invention to you. It is ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. I'd like to introduce my new invention to you. It is a flying bicycle. I think it's really a great invention. Here is my introduction to it. It has two wheels and a pair of wings. So we can either ride the bicycle on the ground when folding its wings or fly in the sky by it. Besides, we can take photos or communicate with others with it. What's more, it can not only reduce traffic jams, but also help to protect the environment because it uses solar power as its energy. As a helpful invention, I think it will be more and more popular in the future. 【详解】【总体分析】    ①题材：属于说明文，围绕 “飞行单车（flying bicycle）” 这一发明展开，介绍其外观、功能、优势等，用于国际青少年科技展览的成果展示场景 。    ②时态：以一般现在时为主，用于客观描述飞行单车的固有特征（外观、用途、优势）；因是介绍现有发明，用一般现在时能稳定、清晰呈现发明属性 。    ③提示：覆盖表格中外观（wheels、wings ）、用途（地面骑行、空中飞行、拍照等 ）、优势（缓解交通、环保 ）所有要点，内容完整，通过合理连词衔接，行文逻辑顺畅 。      【写作步骤】    第一步，开篇借已给语句 “Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. I'd like to introduce my new invention to you.” 直接引出发明 —— 飞行单车（flying bicycle），快速切入主题，让听众明确介绍对象 。    第二步，先描述外观：用 “It has two wheels and a pair of wings.” 简洁说明飞行单车的核心外观部件（车轮、翅膀 ）；再讲用途：借助 “either...or...” 结构（“ride the bicycle on the ground when folding its wings or fly in the sky by it” ），清晰呈现 “折叠翅膀地面骑行、展开翅膀空中飞行” 两种基础功能，又用 “Besides” 补充 “take photos or communicate with others” 等拓展用途，全面展现发明的使用场景 。    第三步，阐述优势：通过 “not only...but also...” 结构（“reduce traffic jams, but also help to protect the environment” ），突出 “缓解交通拥堵、利用太阳能环保” 两大核心优势，说明发明价值；最后用 “As a helpful invention, I think it will be more and more popular in the future.” 总结，展望发明的未来 popularity（受欢迎度 ），让介绍完整收尾 。     【亮点词汇】   ①invention：意为 “发明” ，精准锚定主题，明确介绍对象的属性，是贯穿全文的核心名词 。    ②either...or...：用于连接 “地面骑行” 和 “空中飞行” 两种不同使用场景，简洁呈现功能选择，让用途描述逻辑清晰、条理分明 。    ③not only...but also...：连接发明的双重优势（缓解交通、环保 ），强调递进关系，突出发明的多元价值，强化表达力度 。     【高分句型】    ①So we can either ride the bicycle on the ground when folding its wings or fly in the sky by it.     ②What's more, it can not only reduce traffic jams, but also help to protect the environment because it uses solar power as its energy.         ③As a helpful invention, I think it will be more and more popular in the future. 3．假设这周你们学校英语角谈论的话题是“手机的发展史”。请你在英语角向同学们介绍一下它的发展变化，并描述你对未来手机的畅想。 提示： 1. 发明时间——1973年； 2. 当时的手机——large, heavy ； 3. 现在的手机——take photos, listen to music, pay for things ； 4. 畅想 要求： 1. 语意连贯，语句通顺； 2. 不少于80词。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】参考例文： Cell phones are becoming more and more important. Do you know the history of cell phones? The first cell phone was invented in 1973. At that time, it was as large as a building brick and much heavier than the cell phone today. Now, cell phones have many uses. For example, we can use cell phones not only to talk to others, but also to take photos or listen to music. We can even pay by cell phones. I believe that cell phones will become thinner and thinner and they may take the place of computers in the future. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生注意不要遗漏提示中的要点，可适当添加细节，并突出写作要点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，先表达手机的重要性，引出手机发展史的话题； 第二步，介绍手机的发明时间，以及过去手机的外观和现在手机的功能； 第三步，书写结束语，表达对未来手机的畅想。 [亮点词汇] ①invent 发明 ②at that time 在那时 ③as...as 和……一样 ④for example 例如 ⑤not only...but also... 不仅……而且…… ⑥take the place of 代替 [高分句型] ①Cell phones are becoming more and more important.（形容词比较级） ②I believe that cell phones will become thinner and thinner and they may take the place of computers in the future.（that引导的宾语从句） 4．假定你是李辉，你校正在举办一年一度的科技节，你设计了一款机器人参赛。请你结合下面图示信息，用英文写一篇短文，介绍你的机器人。 注意： 1．短文必须包含上图所有信息，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 2．文中不得出现真实姓名和地名； 3．词数80～100(文章标题已为你写好，不计入总词数)。 参考词汇：function(n.功能) My robot ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文： My robot As the development of science and technology, robots are used widely in our life. This is my robot. I made it last week. Its name is Wonder. It has a round head, two small hands, a tiny body and two legs. Wonder is very attractive and colorful. What’s more, it has many functions. Firstly, it can help me to clean the house. Secondly, it can send me to school on time every day. Thirdly, it can make food for me. My robot is great and I am very proud of it. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇说明文，为材料作文； ②时态：时态以“一般现在时”为主； ③提示：写作要点已给出，注意不要遗漏“图示信息”中的各个要点，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍机器人在现代社会的普遍性，引出自己制作的机器人； 第二步，具体阐述机器人的制作时间，外貌及功能； 第三步，表达对机器人的喜爱和自豪。 [亮点词汇] ①What’s more此外 ②on time按时 ③be proud of以……自豪 [高分句型] ①As the development of science and technology, robots are used widely in our life.（一般现在时的被动语态） ②My robot is great and I am very proud of it.（and并列句） 5．发明改变了世界，改变了我们的生活。比如，电视和自行车给我们的生活带来了许多变化和便利。请你以“Inventions”为话题，根据提示写一篇短文。 要求：1. 短文必须包括图片中所有内容，可适当增加细节； 2. 词数90左右(开头已经给出，不计入总词数)。 Inventions are created every day because people would like to make life easier. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文 Inventions are created every day because people would like to make life easier. There are famous inventions like the TV and the bicycle. The TV provides us with different kinds of information so that we can know more about the world. We can also watch entertainment programs to relax ourselves. The bicycle is very useful, too. We go to school or work by bike. It’s not so expensive that most of us can afford it. It makes no pollution, which is good for our environment. What’s more, bicycle riding is a kind of exciting sport which is quite good for our health. Though there have been many great inventions, I wish to invent a kind of pen which can help us write more quickly and neatly. If we meet problems when doing our homework, it will tell us how to solve them. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态以“一般现在时”为主； ③提示：要求以“Inventions”为话题，结合图片内容进行写作，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明电视和自行车为人们提供了便利； 第二步，具体介绍自行车的优点和骑自行车的好处； 第三步，介绍自己想要的发明、用途和理由。 [亮点词汇] ①different kinds of不同种类的 ②be good for有益于 ③What’s more另外 [高分句型] ①The TV provides us with different kinds of information so that we can know more about the world.（so that引导的目的状语从句） ②If we meet problems when doing our homework, it will tell us how to solve them.（if引导的条件状语从句） 6．发明改变世界。请参照下列表格中的提示，以“My Favorite Invention—the Internet”为题写一篇英语短文，字数80词左右。 发明时间 1969年 用途 1.上网查信息；2.发邮件；3.听音乐、玩游戏、购物等； 4.广泛应用于银行、学校、医院等工作场所；5.…… 评价 1.方便了人们的生活；2.提供了更多的工作机会； 3.2020 年新冠疫情期间……；4.…… My Favorite Invention—the Internet ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】参考例文 My Favorite Invention—the Internet Of all the inventions, my favorite is the Internet. The Internet was invented in 1969s. It can be used to do many things. People can go online and search for information they need. They can send emails to each other instead of writing letters. People can also use the Internet to listen to music, play games, shop or do many other things. Nowadays, the Internet is widely used in banks, schools, companies, hospitals, and many other places. People can even see a doctor online at home, thanks to the Internet. The Internet is so useful that it is becoming one of the most important parts of our life. It makes our lives more and more convenient. It also provides us with more job opportunities. It plays an important role in preventing and controlling the pandemic. It’s hard to believe what our lives will be without the Internet. As a result, I believe in the future our lives will be much more meaningful with the help of the Internet. 【详解】[总体分析] 题材：本文是一篇说明文，属于材料作文写作； 时态：时态为“一般现在时”； 提示：文章标题及要点已经给出，按照提示的要点逐点阐述，不要遗漏提示中的“用途”和“评价”中需要自己添加的要点，可以适当增加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，开篇点题，直接引出话题； 第二步，根据要点提示，依次举例说明互联网的各种用途，最后还得自行再补充说明一种用途； 第三步，根据要点提示，对互联网的出现作出评价，最后自行补充自己对互联网的看法，并书写结语。 [亮点词汇] be used to do被用于做…… thanks to多亏…… more and more convenient越来越方便 play an important role in在……中起重要作用 provide sb with sth给某人提供某物 with the help of在……的帮助下 [高分句型] The Internet is so useful that it is becoming one of the most important parts of our life.（so…that引导结果状语从句） It’s hard to believe what our lives will be without the Internet.（it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语；what引导的宾语从句） As a result, I believe in the future our lives will be much more meaningful with the help of the Internet.（省略引导词that引导的宾语从句） 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $