Unit 5 Power of Ideas（重难词汇精练）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

**基本信息** 以“基础-语境-语篇”三级递进为核心，系统训练Unit 5核心词汇的理解与运用，培养语言能力和学习策略。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇基础练|汉译英（30+单词/10短语）、词汇拓展（12题变形）|基础词汇识忆与词性转换|从词形到词义，构建词汇基本认知| |词汇语境练|适当形式填空（15题）、单词拼写（20题）、完成句子（10题）|单句语境中词汇应用|结合语法规则，强化词汇在语境中的准确运用| |词汇语篇练|语法填空（2篇）、阅读理解（3篇）|语篇中词汇综合理解|从单句到语篇，提升词汇在真实情境中的理解与表达能力|

Unit 5 Power of Ideas词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 invention n. 发明；创造 camera n. 照相机；摄影机 laptop n. 笔记本电脑 super adj. 超级的；极好的 sunglasses n. 墨镜 mini- 前缀 微型的 itself pron. 它自己 button n. 按钮；扣子 produce v. 生产；繁育 file n. 文件；文件夹 plastic n.&adj. 塑料（的） printer n. 打印机 invent v. 发明；编造 suppose v. 认为；推断 wheel n. 车轮；轮子 frozen adj. 冻硬的 complete v. 完成 adj. 完全的 layer n. 层；表层 melt v. 融化；消散 pipe n. 管道；烟斗 tunnel n. 隧道 tourism n. 旅游业 gain v. 获得；取得 reality n. 现实；事实 papermaking n. 造纸工艺 jute n. 黄麻纤维 fibre n. 纤维 expensive adj. 昂贵的 officer n. 官员 workshop n. 作坊；讲习班 none pron. 没有一个 ideal adj. 理想的 n. 理想 certain adj. 确定的；某些 suitable adj. 合适的 liquid n. 液体 adj. 液态的 cheap adj. 便宜的 adv. 低廉地 creation n. 创造；作品 Arabic adj. 阿拉伯语的 n. 阿拉伯语 afford v. 买得起；能做到 company n. 公司；剧团 sticky adj. 黏的；闷热的 glider n. 滑翔机 短语 hundreds of 许多，大量 all over the world 全世界 be supposed to do sth 应当做某事 be responsible for 对…… 负责；导致 later on 后来，之后 speed up （使）加速 result in 造成；导致 lead to 致使；带来 be looking to do sth 打算 / 试图做某事 turn into 变成 2、 词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.invent → ______(n. 发明；创造) 2.produce → ______(n. 生产；制作) 3.complete → ______(adv. 完全地；彻底地) 4.real → ______(n. 现实；事实) 5.create → ______(n. 创造；作品) 6.rapid → ______(adv. 迅速地) 7.wide → ______(adv. 广泛地) 8.gradual → ______(adv. 逐渐地) 9.expense → ______(adj. 昂贵的) 10.suit → ______(adj. 合适的；适宜的) 11.cheap → ______(adv. 低廉地) 12.nation → ______(adj. 国家的) 【答案】1.invention2.production3.completely4.reality5.creation6.rapidly7.widely8.gradually 9.expensive10.suitable11.cheaply12.national 一、用所给词适当形式填空 1. The ________ (invent) of the camera changed people’s life greatly. 2. This factory is famous for the ________ (produce) of paper. 3. He ________ (complete) forgot what he planned to do yesterday. 4. We should face the ________ (real) bravely instead of escaping. 5. This art ________ (create) won lots of prizes last year. 6. Information spreads ________ (rapid) on the Internet now. 7. Chinese culture is ________ (wide) known all over the world. 8. The village changes ________ (gradual) year by year. 9. That beautiful dress is too ________ (expense) for me to buy. 10. This kind of cloth is ________ (suit) for making summer clothes. 11. You can buy clothes ________ (cheap) in this supermarket. 12. The ________ (nation) museum attracts thousands of visitors every day. 13. Paper ________ (make) from wood every day. 14. The printer ________ (invent) hundreds of years ago. 15. Lots of toys ________ (produce) in the factory last month. 二、单词拼写 1. This great ________ (发明) helps people take photos easily. 2. I carry a small ________ (笔记本电脑) when I travel. 3. Don’t press this red ________ (按钮) by mistake. 4. I save all my study materials in this ________ (文件). 5. This bag is made of green ________ (塑料). 6. My father works as a ________ (打印机) worker in a shop. 7. The bicycle has one broken ________ (车轮). 8. This river ________ (融化) every spring when the weather gets warm. 9. Many visitors come here to learn about local ________ (旅游业). 10. You can ________ (获得) more experience by taking part in activities. 11. The wall has a thick ________ (层) of white paint. 12. We walked through a long dark ________ (隧道) together. 13. The workers set up a small ________ (作坊) by the river. 14. ________ (没有一个) of the answers is right. 15. I have a clear ________ (理想) for my future life. 16. Water is a common kind of ________ (液体) in daily life. 17. I can’t ________ (买得起) such an expensive camera. 18. My uncle runs a big ________ (公司) in the city. 19. This glue is very ________ (黏的), don’t touch it. 20. We saw a light and small ________ (滑翔机) flying in the sky. 三、完成句子 1. ______________ (大量) students take part in the science competition every year. 2. People use cameras ______________ (全世界). 3. You ______________ (应当) finish your homework before watching TV. 4. Everyone should ______________ (对……负责) their own mistakes. 5. I will tell you more details ______________ (后来). 6. We need to ______________ (加速) to catch the early bus. 7. Careless driving may ______________ (导致) serious accidents. 8. Bad sleep can ______________ (造成) bad grades at school. 9. Young people ______________ (打算) invent new useful machines. 10. Water can ______________ (变成) ice when the temperature is low enough. 参考答案 一、词形填空 1.invention 2.production 3.completely 4.reality 5.creation 6.rapidly 7.widely 8.gradually 9.expensive 10.suitable 11.cheaply 12.national 13.is made 14.was invented 15.were produced 二、单词拼写 1.invention 2.laptop 3.button 4.file 5.plastic 6.printer 7.wheel 8.melts 9.tourism 10.gain 11.layer 12.tunnel 13.workshop 14.None 15.ideal 16.liquid 17.afford 18.company 19.sticky 20.glider 三、完成句子 1.Hundreds of 2.all over the world 3.are supposed to 4.be responsible for 5.later on 6.speed up 7.lead to 8.result in 9.are looking to 10.turn into 一、语法填空 （25-26九年级上·浙江杭州·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 You may have never thought of how fast the technology (技术) can develop in China. In January 2025, a Chinese tech company named DeepSeek 1 (surprise) the world with the new AI—Deep Seek R1. There is a group of smart people who use their brains 2 (create) new and amazing things. They focus on helping machines learn by 3 (they) and making products that are “created in China” rather than “made in China”. For a long time, China was known for making everyday things. This means China was good 4 making a lot of products quickly and cheaply. Actually in ancient times, Chinese inventions not only made life better in China but also had 5 big influence around the world. For example, before paper 6 (invent), people used things like bamboo or animal skins to write on. Around 2,000 years ago, Cai Lun mixed bark (树皮), ropes and old cloth to create the first paper. This great invention helped people record 7 (story), poems, and important knowledge. It also spread to other countries, changing the way people learned and communicated. In recent years, China has been making more high-technology products. 8 you walk into a store in Sydney, Australia, you can see that Huawei smartphones are on sale. The popularity of Chinese high-technology products is much 9 (great) in other places. In many European countries, stores sell Xiaomi smartphones, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers. More than half of US-owned drones (无人机) are Chinese models. They are not 10 (simple) made in China, but designed and developed there. 【答案】 1．surprised 2．to create 3．themselves 4．at 5．a 6．was invented 7．stories 8．When/If 9．greater 10．simply 【导语】本文介绍了中国科技公司DeepSeek在2025年推出的新AI模型DeepSeek R1，并回顾了中国从古至今的发明创造，说明中国正从“中国制造”转向“中国创造”。 1．句意：2025年1月，一家名为DeepSeek的中国科技公司以其新AI产品DeepSeek R1震惊了世界。描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，surprise的过去式为surprised。 2．句意：有一群聪明人用他们的头脑创造新奇的事物。“use sth. to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“用某物做某事”，故填to create。 3．句意：他们专注于帮助机器自主学习，并制造出“中国创造”而非“中国制造”的产品。“by oneself”意为“独自地”，learn by themselves意为“自学”。 4．句意：这意味着中国擅长快速且廉价地生产大量产品。“be good at”为固定短语，意为“擅长”，故填介词at。 5．句意：实际上，在古代，中国的发明不仅改善了中国人民的生活，而且在世界范围内产生了巨大影响。“have a big influence”意为“有巨大影响”，influence为可数名词，故填a。 6．句意：在纸被发明之前，人们使用竹子或兽皮之类的东西来书写。主语paper与invent之间为被动关系，且描述过去的情况，用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was invented。 7．句意：这一伟大发明帮助人们记录故事、诗歌和重要知识。story为可数名词，此处用复数形式表示泛指，故填stories。 8．句意：当你走进澳大利亚悉尼的一家商店时，你会看到华为智能手机在售。此处引导时间状语从句或条件状语从句，表示“当……时”或“如果”，故填When或If。 9．句意：中国高科技产品在其他地方的受欢迎程度要高得多。much修饰比较级，great的比较级为greater。 10．句意：它们不仅仅是“中国制造”，更是“中国设计”和“中国研发”。修饰动词made，需用副词，simple的副词为simply。 （25-26九年级上·福建厦门·阶段检测）Wu Zeyin, 11, comes from Hubei, China. He 1 (move) to Botswana with his family seven years ago. “I can see only a few kinds of fruit and vegetables at supermarkets here. They don’t look good, 2 their prices are high,” Wu said. Because of the desert climate (气候) in Botswana, it is difficult 3 farmers there to grow fruit and vegetables. Botswana has to buy lots of fruit and vegetables from other 4 (country), such as South Africa. Botswana has been working with China to solve this problem. In July last year, Botswana started a program to grow China’s water-saving rice. Knowing it, Wu wanted to help with local agriculture (当地的农业) in his way. “I wanted to 5 an app. It can help local farmers to 6 the production,” Wu said. Wu has a good brain and he has made his dream come true by 7 (develop) a new app called Farm Assistant. The app can teach farmers how to grow vegetables like potatoes, onions, carrots and cabbages. Farmers who use the app can click (点击) on a picture of a vegetable to see 8 (it) seed (种子) price, watering needs, selling price, etc. After the farmers plant the seeds, the app can remind them what they need to do at different times. Wu hopes his app can help farmers to work 9 (easy). What 10 useful app and what a smart boy! 【答案】 1．moved 2．and 3．for 4．countries 5．develop 6．increase 7．developing 8．its 9．easily 10．a 【导语】本文通过讲述中国少年吴泽胤在博茨瓦纳开发农业辅助APP的故事，展现中非合作背景下个体对当地农业问题的积极解决，传递创新与互助精神。 1．句意：七年前他和家人搬到了博茨瓦纳。根据“seven years ago”可知，此处用一般过去时，动词用过去式moved。 2．句意：它们看起来不好，而且价格很高。根据“They don’t look good…their prices are high”可知，前后句是并列关系，用and连接。 3．句意：由于博茨瓦纳的沙漠气候，那里的农民很难种植水果和蔬菜。it is+adj+for sb to do sth“对某人来说做某事是……的”，是固定句型，因此填for。 4．句意：博茨瓦纳不得不从南非等其他国家购买大量水果和蔬菜。other后接可数名词复数countries。 5．句意：我想开发一个应用程序。此处指开发一个应用程序，develop“开发”，want to do sth“想要做某事”，固定短语，因此填动词原形develop。 6．句意：它可以帮助当地农民提高产量。根据“help local farmers to...the production”可知，此处指提高产量，increase“提高”，动词，help sb to do sth“帮助某人做某事”，固定短语。 7．句意：吴很聪明，他通过开发一款名为“农场助手”的新应用程序实现了自己的梦想。by是介词，后接动名词developing。 8．句意：使用该应用程序的农民可以点击蔬菜的图片，查看其种子价格、浇水需求、销售价格等。此处修饰名词seed，用形容词性物主代词its。 9．句意：吴希望他的应用程序能帮助农民轻松工作。此处修饰动词work，用副词easily。故填easily。 10．句意：多么有用的应用程序，多么聪明的男孩！此处表泛指，useful以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 二、阅读理解 （25-26九年级上·四川宜宾·期中） It was a great gift to the world from ancient China. Before it was invented, people had to depend on the stars to find directions. After it was invented, the oceans were open for travelling. And many new discoveries were made with the help of it. It was one of the greatest inventions. At first, it was used for making fireworks. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, people began to use it in wars. The way of making it was brought to the Arab world and Europe in the 13th and 14th centuries. China was the first country in the world to make paper. During the Western Han Dynasty, paper was made in some places in China. It was developed in the Eastern Han Dynasty by Cai Lun. He made paper with bark (树皮), ropes (绳), rags (抹布) and so on. Before it was invented, the ancient Chinese carved (雕刻) characters on animal bones and stones. They also wrote them on bamboo and wooden sticks. It was developed in the Song Dynasty. A man named Bi Sheng carved characters on pieces of clay and wood. After the characters were printed on paper, the pieces of clay or wood could be used again. This technology then spread to Korea, Japan and Europe. It was the basic method at that time. 1．What did people depend on to find directions before the compass was invented? A．The sun. B．The stars. C．The moon. D．The wind. 2．When did people begin to use gunpowder in wars according to the passage? A．In the 3rd century. B．In the Song Dynasty. C．At the end of the Tang Dynasty. D．During the Western Han Dynasty. 3．Who developed paper-making technology in the Eastern Han Dynasty? A．Bi Sheng. B．Cai Lun. C．An Arab inventor. D．A European scientist. 4．What material did Bi Sheng use to carve characters for printing? A．Clay and wood. B．Bark and ropes. C．Bamboo and wooden sticks. D．Animal bones and stones. 5．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Printing technology spread to America first. B．The compass was not helpful for ocean travel. C．Gunpowder was first used for making fireworks. D．Paper was only made in China after the Eastern Han Dynasty. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国古代四大发明，分别阐述了指南针、火药、造纸术与活字印刷术的发明用途及向外传播的历程。 1．Compass栏提到：“Before it was invented, people had to depend on the stars to find directions.”，指南针发明之前人们依靠星星辨别方位。 2．Gunpowder栏提到：“At the end of the Tang Dynasty, people began to use it in wars.”，人们在唐朝末年开始在战场上使用火药。 3．Paper-making栏提到：“During the Western Han Dynasty, paper was made in some places in China. It was developed in the Eastern Han Dynasty by Cai Lun.”，东汉时期，蔡伦进一步发展了造纸技术。 4．Printing栏提到：“A man named Bi Sheng carved characters on pieces of clay and wood.”，毕昇用粘土和木块刻字。 5． Gunpowder栏提到：“At first, it was used for making fireworks. ”，火药最初是用于制作烟花。 （25-26九年级上·河北唐山·期中）How do blind people get around safely? Some people use guide dogs. Some people use long white canes (手杖) to help them get around. Guide dogs and canes are helpful, but there must be a better way for blind people to get around. A scientist in England thought so. His name is Waters and he studies bats (蝙蝠). He knows that bats are able to fly in the dark. Besides, he knows that bats go by using sound to “see”. Dr. Waters wondered if people could do something similar. Bats make sounds as they fly. These sounds travel in waves in the air. When the waves hit an object such as a tree or house, they bounce back (反射回来). The waves travel back to the bat’s ears. A bat learns the location and shape of objects around it. Dr. Waters cooperated with other scientists, including Withington from America and Hoyle from Germany. They worked together and invented a new kind of cane. They called it a “bat cane” because their idea started with bats. The new cane has a computer in the handle (手柄). ______ The sound waves hit objects and bounce back. This causes the handle to make sounds, which humans can hear. With a little training, a person using the cane can easily tell where objects are and can “see” with sound! 1．Which can help the blind go across busy streets? A．Bats. B．Black canes. C．Computers. D．Guide dogs. 2．How does a bat find its way in the dark according to the passage? A．By using its sharp eyes. B．By following other bats. C．By sending out sound waves. D．By smelling the objects around. 3．Why do scientists call this new kind of cane a “bat cane”? A．A bat was trained. B．Their idea began with bats. C．It looked like a bat. D．Bats are the symbol of good luck. 4．Which of the following can be put in “______” in the fourth paragraph? A．It makes noise that helps humans. B．It produces some songs that humans can hear. C．It sends out sound waves that humans cannot hear. D．It tells the blind that there isn’t anything around them. 5．What will the blind’s life be like after using the bat cane? A．Funnier. B．More exciting. C．More difficult. D．More convenient. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了科学家们受蝙蝠利用声波“看见”物体的启发，发明了一种帮助盲人安全出行的新型手杖——“蝙蝠手杖”。 1．第一段提到：“Some people use guide dogs. Some people use long white canes (手杖) to help them get around.”，说明导盲犬和长长的白色手杖可以帮助盲人出行。 2．第三段提到：“Bats make sounds as they fly. These sounds travel in waves in the air. When the waves hit an object such as a tree or house, they bounce back (反射回来). The waves travel back to the bat’s ears. A bat learns the location and shape of objects around it.”，说明蝙蝠在黑暗中是通过发出声波并接收回声来辨别方向和物体的。 3．第四段提到：“They called it a ‘bat cane’ because their idea started with bats.”，说明科学家将其称为“蝙蝠手杖”是因为他们的发明灵感来源于蝙蝠。 4．第四段空前“The new cane has a computer in the handle (手柄). ”及空后“The sound waves hit objects and bounce back.”共同提示，空白处应描述电脑发出声波的过程。选项C“它发出人类听不到的声波”符合蝙蝠回声定位的原理及上下文逻辑。 5．最后一段提到：“With a little training, a person using the cane can easily tell where objects are and can ‘see’ with sound!”，说明使用这种手杖能让盲人更容易地辨别物体位置，从而使他们的生活更加便利。 （25-26九年级上·湖南永州·期中） In China, book readers or newspaper fans should thank Wang Xuan. He is one of the most important scientists in China. Wang is famous as the father of Chinese language typesetting (排版). He invented a computerized laser photo composition system (计算机激光照排系统) for Chinese characters (汉字) in the 1970s. This invention helped China turn a new page in printing. Before Wang’s invention, people printed books and newspapers with movable block type (活字印刷). This was invented by Bi Sheng around 1040. However, it took a lot of time. At that time, it would take more than 30 people 8 hours a day to print just one page of a newspaper. Wang wanted to change it. So he began to take action and research laser photo composition in 1974. It was the best but the most difficult printing method at that time. Only a few Western countries were able to make it. Without any experience to borrow from, Wang could only work on it by himself. Luckily, Wang’s hard work finally paid off in 1980. China’s first laser-printed book, a 26-page story called The Sword of Wu Hao, appeared. With Wang’s system, a newspaper could be typeset in just 20 minutes. His invention helped China enter a new age of printing. 1．What is Wang Xuan known as? A．A great writer. B．A famous newspaper fan. C．The father of Chinese language typesetting. 2．Before Wang’s invention, how did people print things? A．By handwriting. B．With movable block type. C．With laser photo composition. 3．How long did it take to typeset a newspaper with Wang’s new system? A．8 hours. B．20 minutes. C．26 days. 4．What does the underlined phrase “paid off” mean in the passage? A．取得成功 B．偿还 C．付钱 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了中国最重要的科学家之一王选，讲述了他研发汉字计算机激光照排系统、推动中国印刷技术革新进入新时代的故事。 1．第二段“Wang is famous as the father of Chinese language typesetting (排版).”，王选被誉为汉字排版之父。 2．第三段“Before Wang’s invention, people printed books and newspapers with movable block type (活字印刷).”，在王选的发明诞生之前，人们用活字印刷来印制书籍和报纸。 3．第五段“With Wang’s system, a newspaper could be typeset in just 20 minutes.”，使用王选的系统，一份报纸仅需20分钟就能完成排版。 4．最后一段“Luckily, Wang’s hard work finally paid off in 1980. China’s first laser-printed book, a 26-page story called The Sword of Wu Hao, appeared.”，王选多年的研究取得了成功，因此“paid off”此处含义为“取得成功”。 $Unit 5 Power of Ideas词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 n. 发明；创造 n. 照相机；摄影机 n. 笔记本电脑 adj. 超级的；极好的 n. 墨镜 前缀 微型的 pron. 它自己 n. 按钮；扣子 v. 生产；繁育 n. 文件；文件夹 n.&adj. 塑料（的） n. 打印机 v. 发明；编造 v. 认为；推断 n. 车轮；轮子 adj. 冻硬的 v. 完成 adj. 完全的 n. 层；表层 v. 融化；消散 n. 管道；烟斗 n. 隧道 n. 旅游业 v. 获得；取得 n. 现实；事实 n. 造纸工艺 n. 黄麻纤维 n. 纤维 adj. 昂贵的 n. 官员 n. 作坊；讲习班 pron. 没有一个 adj. 理想的 n. 理想 adj. 确定的；某些 adj. 合适的 n. 液体 adj. 液态的 adj. 便宜的 adv. 低廉地 n. 创造；作品 adj. 阿拉伯语的 n. 阿拉伯语 v. 买得起；能做到 n. 公司；剧团 adj. 黏的；闷热的 n. 滑翔机 短语 许多，大量 全世界 应当做某事 对…… 负责；导致 后来，之后 （使）加速 造成；导致 致使；带来 打算 / 试图做某事 变成 2、 词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.invent → ______(n. 发明；创造) 2.produce → ______(n. 生产；制作) 3.complete → ______(adv. 完全地；彻底地) 4.real → ______(n. 现实；事实) 5.create → ______(n. 创造；作品) 6.rapid → ______(adv. 迅速地) 7.wide → ______(adv. 广泛地) 8.gradual → ______(adv. 逐渐地) 9.expense → ______(adj. 昂贵的) 10.suit → ______(adj. 合适的；适宜的) 11.cheap → ______(adv. 低廉地) 12.nation → ______(adj. 国家的) 一、用所给词适当形式填空 1. The ________ (invent) of the camera changed people’s life greatly. 2. This factory is famous for the ________ (produce) of paper. 3. He ________ (complete) forgot what he planned to do yesterday. 4. We should face the ________ (real) bravely instead of escaping. 5. This art ________ (create) won lots of prizes last year. 6. Information spreads ________ (rapid) on the Internet now. 7. Chinese culture is ________ (wide) known all over the world. 8. The village changes ________ (gradual) year by year. 9. That beautiful dress is too ________ (expense) for me to buy. 10. This kind of cloth is ________ (suit) for making summer clothes. 11. You can buy clothes ________ (cheap) in this supermarket. 12. The ________ (nation) museum attracts thousands of visitors every day. 13. Paper ________ (make) from wood every day. 14. The printer ________ (invent) hundreds of years ago. 15. Lots of toys ________ (produce) in the factory last month. 二、单词拼写 1. This great ________ (发明) helps people take photos easily. 2. I carry a small ________ (笔记本电脑) when I travel. 3. Don’t press this red ________ (按钮) by mistake. 4. I save all my study materials in this ________ (文件). 5. This bag is made of green ________ (塑料). 6. My father works as a ________ (打印机) worker in a shop. 7. The bicycle has one broken ________ (车轮). 8. This river ________ (融化) every spring when the weather gets warm. 9. Many visitors come here to learn about local ________ (旅游业). 10. You can ________ (获得) more experience by taking part in activities. 11. The wall has a thick ________ (层) of white paint. 12. We walked through a long dark ________ (隧道) together. 13. The workers set up a small ________ (作坊) by the river. 14. ________ (没有一个) of the answers is right. 15. I have a clear ________ (理想) for my future life. 16. Water is a common kind of ________ (液体) in daily life. 17. I can’t ________ (买得起) such an expensive camera. 18. My uncle runs a big ________ (公司) in the city. 19. This glue is very ________ (黏的), don’t touch it. 20. We saw a light and small ________ (滑翔机) flying in the sky. 三、完成句子 1. ______________ (大量) students take part in the science competition every year. 2. People use cameras ______________ (全世界). 3. You ______________ (应当) finish your homework before watching TV. 4. Everyone should ______________ (对……负责) their own mistakes. 5. I will tell you more details ______________ (后来). 6. We need to ______________ (加速) to catch the early bus. 7. Careless driving may ______________ (导致) serious accidents. 8. Bad sleep can ______________ (造成) bad grades at school. 9. Young people ______________ (打算) invent new useful machines. 10. Water can ______________ (变成) ice when the temperature is low enough. 一、语法填空 （25-26九年级上·浙江杭州·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 You may have never thought of how fast the technology (技术) can develop in China. In January 2025, a Chinese tech company named DeepSeek 1 (surprise) the world with the new AI—Deep Seek R1. There is a group of smart people who use their brains 2 (create) new and amazing things. They focus on helping machines learn by 3 (they) and making products that are “created in China” rather than “made in China”. For a long time, China was known for making everyday things. This means China was good 4 making a lot of products quickly and cheaply. Actually in ancient times, Chinese inventions not only made life better in China but also had 5 big influence around the world. For example, before paper 6 (invent), people used things like bamboo or animal skins to write on. Around 2,000 years ago, Cai Lun mixed bark (树皮), ropes and old cloth to create the first paper. This great invention helped people record 7 (story), poems, and important knowledge. It also spread to other countries, changing the way people learned and communicated. In recent years, China has been making more high-technology products. 8 you walk into a store in Sydney, Australia, you can see that Huawei smartphones are on sale. The popularity of Chinese high-technology products is much 9 (great) in other places. In many European countries, stores sell Xiaomi smartphones, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers. More than half of US-owned drones (无人机) are Chinese models. They are not 10 (simple) made in China, but designed and developed there. （25-26九年级上·福建厦门·阶段检测）Wu Zeyin, 11, comes from Hubei, China. He 1 (move) to Botswana with his family seven years ago. “I can see only a few kinds of fruit and vegetables at supermarkets here. They don’t look good, 2 their prices are high,” Wu said. Because of the desert climate (气候) in Botswana, it is difficult 3 farmers there to grow fruit and vegetables. Botswana has to buy lots of fruit and vegetables from other 4 (country), such as South Africa. Botswana has been working with China to solve this problem. In July last year, Botswana started a program to grow China’s water-saving rice. Knowing it, Wu wanted to help with local agriculture (当地的农业) in his way. “I wanted to 5 an app. It can help local farmers to 6 the production,” Wu said. Wu has a good brain and he has made his dream come true by 7 (develop) a new app called Farm Assistant. The app can teach farmers how to grow vegetables like potatoes, onions, carrots and cabbages. Farmers who use the app can click (点击) on a picture of a vegetable to see 8 (it) seed (种子) price, watering needs, selling price, etc. After the farmers plant the seeds, the app can remind them what they need to do at different times. Wu hopes his app can help farmers to work 9 (easy). What 10 useful app and what a smart boy! 二、阅读理解 （25-26九年级上·四川宜宾·期中） It was a great gift to the world from ancient China. Before it was invented, people had to depend on the stars to find directions. After it was invented, the oceans were open for travelling. And many new discoveries were made with the help of it. It was one of the greatest inventions. At first, it was used for making fireworks. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, people began to use it in wars. The way of making it was brought to the Arab world and Europe in the 13th and 14th centuries. China was the first country in the world to make paper. During the Western Han Dynasty, paper was made in some places in China. It was developed in the Eastern Han Dynasty by Cai Lun. He made paper with bark (树皮), ropes (绳), rags (抹布) and so on. Before it was invented, the ancient Chinese carved (雕刻) characters on animal bones and stones. They also wrote them on bamboo and wooden sticks. It was developed in the Song Dynasty. A man named Bi Sheng carved characters on pieces of clay and wood. After the characters were printed on paper, the pieces of clay or wood could be used again. This technology then spread to Korea, Japan and Europe. It was the basic method at that time. 1．What did people depend on to find directions before the compass was invented? A．The sun. B．The stars. C．The moon. D．The wind. 2．When did people begin to use gunpowder in wars according to the passage? A．In the 3rd century. B．In the Song Dynasty. C．At the end of the Tang Dynasty. D．During the Western Han Dynasty. 3．Who developed paper-making technology in the Eastern Han Dynasty? A．Bi Sheng. B．Cai Lun. C．An Arab inventor. D．A European scientist. 4．What material did Bi Sheng use to carve characters for printing? A．Clay and wood. B．Bark and ropes. C．Bamboo and wooden sticks. D．Animal bones and stones. 5．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Printing technology spread to America first. B．The compass was not helpful for ocean travel. C．Gunpowder was first used for making fireworks. D．Paper was only made in China after the Eastern Han Dynasty. （25-26九年级上·河北唐山·期中）How do blind people get around safely? Some people use guide dogs. Some people use long white canes (手杖) to help them get around. Guide dogs and canes are helpful, but there must be a better way for blind people to get around. A scientist in England thought so. His name is Waters and he studies bats (蝙蝠). He knows that bats are able to fly in the dark. Besides, he knows that bats go by using sound to “see”. Dr. Waters wondered if people could do something similar. Bats make sounds as they fly. These sounds travel in waves in the air. When the waves hit an object such as a tree or house, they bounce back (反射回来). The waves travel back to the bat’s ears. A bat learns the location and shape of objects around it. Dr. Waters cooperated with other scientists, including Withington from America and Hoyle from Germany. They worked together and invented a new kind of cane. They called it a “bat cane” because their idea started with bats. The new cane has a computer in the handle (手柄). ______ The sound waves hit objects and bounce back. This causes the handle to make sounds, which humans can hear. With a little training, a person using the cane can easily tell where objects are and can “see” with sound! 1．Which can help the blind go across busy streets? A．Bats. B．Black canes. C．Computers. D．Guide dogs. 2．How does a bat find its way in the dark according to the passage? A．By using its sharp eyes. B．By following other bats. C．By sending out sound waves. D．By smelling the objects around. 3．Why do scientists call this new kind of cane a “bat cane”? A．A bat was trained. B．Their idea began with bats. C．It looked like a bat. D．Bats are the symbol of good luck. 4．Which of the following can be put in “______” in the fourth paragraph? A．It makes noise that helps humans. B．It produces some songs that humans can hear. C．It sends out sound waves that humans cannot hear. D．It tells the blind that there isn’t anything around them. 5．What will the blind’s life be like after using the bat cane? A．Funnier. B．More exciting. C．More difficult. D．More convenient. （25-26九年级上·湖南永州·期中） In China, book readers or newspaper fans should thank Wang Xuan. He is one of the most important scientists in China. Wang is famous as the father of Chinese language typesetting (排版). He invented a computerized laser photo composition system (计算机激光照排系统) for Chinese characters (汉字) in the 1970s. This invention helped China turn a new page in printing. Before Wang’s invention, people printed books and newspapers with movable block type (活字印刷). This was invented by Bi Sheng around 1040. However, it took a lot of time. At that time, it would take more than 30 people 8 hours a day to print just one page of a newspaper. Wang wanted to change it. So he began to take action and research laser photo composition in 1974. It was the best but the most difficult printing method at that time. Only a few Western countries were able to make it. Without any experience to borrow from, Wang could only work on it by himself. Luckily, Wang’s hard work finally paid off in 1980. China’s first laser-printed book, a 26-page story called The Sword of Wu Hao, appeared. With Wang’s system, a newspaper could be typeset in just 20 minutes. His invention helped China enter a new age of printing. 1．What is Wang Xuan known as? A．A great writer. B．A famous newspaper fan. C．The father of Chinese language typesetting. 2．Before Wang’s invention, how did people print things? A．By handwriting. B．With movable block type. C．With laser photo composition. 3．How long did it take to typeset a newspaper with Wang’s new system? A．8 hours. B．20 minutes. C．26 days. 4．What does the underlined phrase “paid off” mean in the passage? A．取得成功 B．偿还 C．付钱 $