Unit4语法讲解及习题：who引导的限制性定语从句（讲义）2026-2027学年外研版英语九年级上册

本初中英语讲义聚焦外研版九上Unit4核心语法点who引导的限制性定语从句，从基础概念（先行词、关系代词who指代人作主语）切入，通过句子拆分示范明确结构，详解who作主语带谓语及谓语随先行词单复数变化的用法，结合改写方法与易错点总结，构建从概念理解到应用的学习支架。 资料亮点在于分层专项练习设计（含单句填空、句型转换等题型）与英雄主题素材融合（如短文填空的老兵故事），既通过句子合并、语法改错提升语言能力，又渗透家国情怀培育文化意识，课中辅助教师系统授课，课后助力学生巩固易错点，培养分析句子结构的思维品质。

外研版英语九上Unit4语法讲解及习题： who引导的限制性定语从句（定语从句1） 一、语法核心 本单元 Grammar 板块主题：Attributive clauses (1) 定语从句（第一讲） 教材例句： (a) She was a brave soldier who never gave in. (b) How could a woman who loved her young son leave him behind? （一）基础概念 1. 定语从句：用一个句子修饰前面的名词 / 代词（被修饰词叫先行词），放在先行词后，相当于中文 “…… 的”。 2. who 是关系代词，仅指代人，在从句中充当主语。 （二）句子拆分结构 完整主句 + 先行词 (人) + who + 修饰先行词的短句（从句） 拆分示范（教材例句）： 原句：She was a brave soldier who never gave in. · 主句：She was a brave soldier.（她是一名勇敢的战士） · 先行词：a brave soldier（人） · 定语从句：who never gave in（who 代指 soldier，在从句中作主语） 翻译：她是一名永不屈服的勇敢战士。 （三）who 的两大核心用法 用法 1：who 指代人，在从句作主语，从句必须自带谓语动词 结构：先行词 (人) + who + 动词 / 动词短语 拓展单元话题例句（英雄主题）： 1. The hero who saved many villagers is a doctor. 拆分：先行词 the hero；who 作主语，谓语 saved 翻译：那位拯救了许多村民的英雄是一名医生。 2. I admire people who stick to their dreams. 翻译：我敬佩那些坚守梦想的人。 用法 2：区分先行词单复数，从句谓语随先行词变化 · 先行词单数→who 后动词三单；先行词复数→who 后动词原形 例 1（单数）：The soldier who stands there fought in Changjin Lake. 例 2（复数）：The soldiers who fight for our country are great. （四）定语从句两种改写方法（理解逻辑） 两个简单句合并成带 who 的定语从句： 拆分句 1：That is a nurse. 拆分句 2：She helped the wounded soldiers. 合并：That is a nurse who helped the wounded soldiers. （五）易错点总结 1. who 只修饰人，事物 / 动物不能用 who（事物用 which/that，本单元暂不拓展）； 2. who 在从句作主语，不能省略； 3. 从句谓语动词单复数由先行词决定，和 who 无关； 4. 先行词和 who 之间不能加逗号（本单元只学限制性定语从句，无逗号）。 二、分层专项练习题 题型一：单句填空 用关系代词 who 完成句子 1. The volunteer________helps old people is my aunt. 2. We respect heroes________devote their lives to our country. 3. Do you know the man________gave a speech about heroes yesterday? 4. Anyone________keeps trying will achieve their goals. 5. The girl________wrote this story admires revolutionary heroes. 6. I will never forget the soldiers________protected our homeland. 7. Is that the doctor________saved lots of patients during the disaster? 8. People________face difficulties bravely are all heroes. 题型二：连线匹配（句子首尾配对 ） 左边主句，右边 who 定语从句，将数字对应字母 1. My grandpa is a veteran 2. We all look up to the fighters 3. I have a classmate 4. The teacher 5. Most people 6. The young nurse a. who risked their lives to defend our land b. who fought in the war many years ago c. who writes articles about local heroes d. who inspires us to learn from heroes e. who understand the value of peace love soldiers f. who took good care of the wounded soldiers 题型三：句型转换（合并句子 ） 用 who 将两个简单句合并为一句 示例： ① He is a hero. He never fears danger. → He is a hero who never fears danger. 1. That is a soldier. He survived the hard winter battle. 2. I know a girl. She collects stories of ordinary heroes. 3. They are doctors. They offered help in mountain villages. 4. This is the old man. He told us stories of Changjin Lake. 5. We like people. They always help others in trouble. 6. She is a writer. She created many hero characters. 题型四：语法改错（划出错误并改正 ） 每句仅有一处语法错误 1. The man which we talked about is a local hero. 2. Heroes who gives up their comfort are worthy of praise. 3. I respect the volunteer who help homeless kids. 4. Anyone who work hard can become a hero of their own life. 5. The soldier who save hundreds of villagers passed away last week. 6. That is the doctor which treated the injured heroes. 题型五：短文填空 从方框内带 who 的短语选词填空 方框短语：who fell in the battle, who survived the cold, who had nothing to eat, who gave everything for our motherland 12 November 2026 Cloudy Today I visited the hero museum and listened to a veteran’s story. The old soldier 1. ________ told us his experience in the war. Back then, temperatures were extremely low. For weeks, the soldiers 2. ________ still guarded the front line. Many heroes 3. ________ never got to see peaceful days again. Those soldiers 4. ________ told us they missed their families but chose to protect the country first. I also saw photos of medical workers 5. ________ and carried medicine through heavy snow. I felt sad for every soldier 6. ________ and deeply moved by all the people 7. ________. They are the brightest heroes in our hearts. 3、 答案 + 解析 题型一：单句填空（答案 + 解析） 1. who 解析：先行词 the volunteer 是人，从句缺主语，用 who。 2. who 解析：先行词 heroes 复数人，从句缺主语。 3. who 解析：先行词 the man 是人，从句缺少发出动作 gave 的主语。 4. who 解析：anyone 指代人，不定代词作先行词，用 who。 5. who 解析：先行词 the girl 是人，从句谓语 wrote 前缺主语。 6. who 解析：先行词 the soldiers 是人，修饰士兵。 7. who 解析：先行词 the doctor 是人，从句缺主语。 8. who 解析：先行词 people 是人，从句缺主语。 题型二：连线匹配（答案 + 解析） 1—b 解析：veteran 老兵→多年前参战的老兵 2—a 解析：fighters 战士→冒着生命保卫国土的战士 3—c 解析：classmate 同学→写平民英雄故事的同学 4—d 解析：teacher 老师→激励我们学习英雄的老师 5—e 解析：most people 大多数人→懂和平珍贵、敬爱战士的人 6—f 解析：young nurse 年轻护士→细心照顾伤员的护士 题型三：句型转换 1. That is a soldier who survived the hard winter battle. 解析：先行词 a soldier，用 who 替代第二句主语 he。 2. I know a girl who collects stories of ordinary heroes. 解析：先行词 a girl，who 替代 she。 3. They are doctors who offered help in mountain villages. 解析：先行词 doctors 复数，who 替代 they。 4. This is the old man who told us stories of Changjin Lake. 解析：先行词 the old man，who 替代 he。 5. We like people who always help others in trouble. 解析：先行词 people，who 替代 they。 6. She is a writer who created many hero characters. 解析：先行词 a writer，who 替代 she。 题型四：语法改错 1. 错误：which → 改正：who 解析：先行词 the man 是人，which 只能修饰事物，指人用 who。 2. 错误：gives → 改正：give 解析：先行词 Heroes 是复数，who 指代复数，谓语动词用原形。 3. 错误：help → 改正：helps 解析：先行词 the volunteer 单数，who 指代单数，动词变三单。 4. 错误：work → 改正：works 解析：先行词 anyone 单数，从句谓语三单。 5. 错误：save → 改正：saved 解析：后文 passed away 为过去时，救人发生在过去，用过去式 saved。 6. 错误：which → 改正：who 解析：先行词 the doctor 是人，不用 which，改用 who。 题型五：短文填空 1. who survived the cold 解析：老兵是熬过严寒的人，贴合战争低温背景。 2. who had nothing to eat 解析：描述战士物资匮乏，坚守前线。 3. who fell in the battle 解析：指在战役中牺牲的英雄。 4. who survived the cold 解析：存活下来的士兵讲述往事。 5. who had nothing to eat 解析：医护人员缺食物，冒大雪运送药品。 6. who fell in the battle 解析：为牺牲的战士感到难过。 7. who gave everything for our motherland 解析：总结所有为国奉献的人，贴合单元 heroes 主题。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $