Unit4 单元语法-who引导的定语从句2026-2027学年外研版英语九年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦who引导定语从句，通过“概念-结构-用法”三级逻辑体系，结合选择、填空、翻译题型，系统培养关系词辨析与应用能力，提升语言理解与表达的思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |概念与用法讲解|含6个核心例句|明确who作主语（不可省略）与宾语（可省略）的用法差异，区分who/whom适用场景|从定语从句概念出发，通过例句推导who的语法功能，再通过不同题型实现知识应用迁移| |单选题|10题|聚焦先行词为人时关系词的选择，强化主语/宾语语境辨析|覆盖基础选择到复杂语境，对应中考高频考点| |语法填空题|10题|通过who/whom二选一，训练关系词在从句中成分判断能力|衔接用法讲解，实现从理解到应用的过渡| |汉译英|10题|要求用指定关系词翻译，提升语境化表达与语法结构构建能力|综合考查语法规则与语言输出，培养实际运用能力|

2026秋外研版九上---U4语法 Unit4 who引导的定语从句 一、概念 用于修饰前面名词/代词的句子，就叫定语从句，简单说：从句用来修饰人或物，放在名词后面。 二、基本结构 先行词（人/物）+ 关系词（who/that/which）+ 从句 本单元我们学习由who引导的定语从句。我们先来看两个例句: He's the boy who won the photo competition last year! 就去年赢得摄影比赛的那个男生! ... thanks to everyone who entered the competition. .....感谢所有参加本次比赛的参赛者。 句中红色部分为定语从句，分别用来进一步说明或限定它们前面的boy和everyone。我们称boy,everyone这些被定语从句修饰的词为先行词，who为定语从句的引导词，放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时在定语从句中充当句子成分。 从以上例句可以看出，如果先行词指人，那么定语从句的引导词就可以用who。两个例句里的who在从句中都充当主语。如果引导词在从句中充当宾语，那么引导词就要用who的宾格形式whom，口语中也可以用who代替。例如: I took some photos for the soldiers whom I met in the army. 我部队里碰到的战士们拍了一些照片。 三、关系词who用法 1. who：先行词是人，用who ①（who 在从句中作主语，不可省略） The boy who helps me is kind.帮助我的那个男孩很善良。 The young man who invented the new app won the innovation award.发明这款新应用的那个年轻人获得了创新奖。​ Those who volunteer at the community center are mostly college students.在社区中心做志愿者的人大多是大学生。 ②（who 在从句中作宾语，可省略，例句中保留以明确指代） The actress who we admired so much will star in a new movie.​ 我们非常敬佩的那位女演员将主演一部新电影。​ I can’t find the friend who I made at the summer camp.​ 我找不到在夏令营认识的那个朋友了。 一、单选题（选出最佳答案）。 1.The girl ______ is standing at the door is my best friend. A. who B. whom C. which D. whose 2.I met the boy ______ you talked about yesterday in the park. A. which B. who C. whom D. whose 3.Is this the teacher ______ helped you with your English last term? A. whom B. who C. which D. what 4.We should thank the people ______ have given us much help. A. which B. whom C. who D. whose 5.The man ______ my father is talking to is our new neighbor. A. who B. whom C. which D. what 6.Do you know the girl ______ hair is long and black? A. who B. whom C. whose D. which 7.The students ______ are in Class 3 won the English competition. A. which B. who C. whom D. what 8.I saw the boy ______ you met at the library yesterday. A. who B. whom C. which D. whose 9.The doctor ______ my mother visited last week is very famous. A. who B. whom C. which D. what 10.Is there anyone ______ can help me with this math problem? A. whom B. who C. which D. whose 二、语法填空题（根据句意和语法规则填空）。 1.The boy ______ (who/whom) is wearing a red shirt is my cousin. 2.I know the girl ______ (who/whom) you invited to the party. 3.The teacher ______ (who/whom) teaches us history is very kind. 4.We met the man ______ (who/whom) my father works with. 5.The students ______ (who/whom) are good at English will take part in the contest. 6.Do you remember the girl ______ (who/whom) we met at the museum? 7.The doctor ______ (who/whom) saved the patient’s life is from Beijing. 8.I like the friend ______ (who/whom) always helps others. 9.The woman ______ (who/whom) you talked to on the phone is my aunt. 10.The children ______ (who/whom) are playing on the playground are my students. 三、汉译英。（用 who/whom 引导定语从句翻译） 1.那个帮助过我的老师很友好。（who） ____________________________________________________________________________ 2.我昨天见到的那个男孩是我的同班同学。（whom） ____________________________________________________________________________ 3.正在唱歌的女孩是我的妹妹。（who） ____________________________________________________________________________ 4.你刚才谈论的那个作家很有名。（whom） ____________________________________________________________________________ 5.所有努力学习的学生都会取得好成绩。（who） ____________________________________________________________________________ 6.我认识那个在医院工作的医生。（who） ____________________________________________________________________________ 7.妈妈正在照顾的那位老人是我的奶奶。（whom） ____________________________________________________________________________ 8.那个给我们讲故事的老师来自上海。（who） ____________________________________________________________________________ 9.你想认识的那个女孩喜欢画画。（whom） ____________________________________________________________________________ 10.帮助贫困儿童的那些人是志愿者。（who） ____________________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026秋外研版九上---U4语法 Unit4 who引导的定语从句 一、概念 用于修饰前面名词/代词的句子，就叫定语从句，简单说：从句用来修饰人或物，放在名词后面。 二、基本结构 先行词（人/物）+ 关系词（who/that/which）+ 从句 本单元我们学习由who引导的定语从句。我们先来看两个例句: He's the boy who won the photo competition last year! 就去年赢得摄影比赛的那个男生! ... thanks to everyone who entered the competition. .....感谢所有参加本次比赛的参赛者。 句中红色部分为定语从句，分别用来进一步说明或限定它们前面的boy和everyone。我们称boy,everyone这些被定语从句修饰的词为先行词，who为定语从句的引导词，放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时在定语从句中充当句子成分。 从以上例句可以看出，如果先行词指人，那么定语从句的引导词就可以用who。两个例句里的who在从句中都充当主语。如果引导词在从句中充当宾语，那么引导词就要用who的宾格形式whom，口语中也可以用who代替。例如: I took some photos for the soldiers whom I met in the army. 我部队里碰到的战士们拍了一些照片。 三、关系词who用法 1. who：先行词是人，用who ①（who 在从句中作主语，不可省略） The boy who helps me is kind.帮助我的那个男孩很善良。 The young man who invented the new app won the innovation award.发明这款新应用的那个年轻人获得了创新奖。​ Those who volunteer at the community center are mostly college students.在社区中心做志愿者的人大多是大学生。 ②（who 在从句中作宾语，可省略，例句中保留以明确指代） The actress who we admired so much will star in a new movie.​ 我们非常敬佩的那位女演员将主演一部新电影。​ I can’t find the friend who I made at the summer camp.​ 我找不到在夏令营认识的那个朋友了。 一、单选题（选出最佳答案）。 1.The girl ______ is standing at the door is my best friend. A. who B. whom C. which D. whose 答案：A 解析：先行词 the girl 是人，从句中缺少主语，who 可在定语从句中作主语 / 宾语，whom 仅作宾语，which 指物，whose 表 “…… 的”，故选 A。 2.I met the boy ______ you talked about yesterday in the park. A. which B. who C. whom D. whose 答案：C 解析：先行词 the boy 是人，从句中 talked about 后缺少宾语，whom 专门作宾语（可省略），who 可作宾语但此处选项中 whom 更贴合 “宾语” 考点，which 指物，whose 表所属，故选 C。 3.Is this the teacher ______ helped you with your English last term? A. whom B. who C. which D. what 答案：B 解析：先行词 the teacher 是人，从句中缺少主语，who 作主语，whom 仅作宾语，which 指物，what 不引导定语从句，故选 B。 4.We should thank the people ______ have given us much help. A. which B. whom C. who D. whose 答案：C 解析：先行词 the people 是人，从句中缺少主语，who 作主语，whom 作宾语，which 指物，whose 表 “…… 的”，故选 C。 5.The man ______ my father is talking to is our new neighbor. A. who B. whom C. which D. what 答案：B 解析：先行词 the man 是人，从句中 to 后缺少宾语，whom 作宾语，who 可作宾语但此处 whom 更精准，which 指物，what 不引导定语从句，故选 B。 6.Do you know the girl ______ hair is long and black? A. who B. whom C. whose D. which 答案：C 解析：从句中 hair 前缺少 “…… 的” 修饰词，whose 表所属（先行词是人 / 物均可），who/whom 不作定语，which 指物，故选 C。 7.The students ______ are in Class 3 won the English competition. A. which B. who C. whom D. what 答案：B 解析：先行词 the students 是人，从句中缺少主语，who 作主语，whom 作宾语，which 指物，what 不引导定语从句，故选 B。 8.I saw the boy ______ you met at the library yesterday. A. who B. whom C. which D. whose 答案：B 解析：先行词 the boy 是人，从句中 met 后缺少宾语，whom 作宾语，who 可作宾语但此处优先选 whom，which 指物，whose 表所属，故选 B。 9.The doctor ______ my mother visited last week is very famous. A. who B. whom C. which D. what 答案：B 解析：先行词 the doctor 是人，从句中 visited 后缺少宾语，whom 作宾语，who 可作宾语但 whom 更贴合考点，which 指物，what 不引导定语从句，故选 B。 10.Is there anyone ______ can help me with this math problem? A. whom B. who C. which D. whose 答案：B 解析：先行词 anyone 是人，从句中缺少主语，who 作主语，whom 仅作宾语，which 指物，whose 表所属，故选 B。 二、语法填空题（根据句意和语法规则填空）。 1.The boy ______ (who/whom) is wearing a red shirt is my cousin. 答案：who 解析：先行词 the boy 是人，从句中缺少主语，who 作主语，whom 仅作宾语，故填 who。 2.I know the girl ______ (who/whom) you invited to the party. 答案：whom 解析：先行词 the girl 是人，从句中 invited 后缺少宾语，whom 作宾语，故填 whom（也可填 who，口语中可互换）。 3.The teacher ______ (who/whom) teaches us history is very kind. 答案：who 解析：先行词 the teacher 是人，从句中缺少主语，who 作主语，故填 who。 4.We met the man ______ (who/whom) my father works with. 答案：whom 解析：先行词 the man 是人，从句中 with 后缺少宾语，whom 作宾语，故填 whom。 5.The students ______ (who/whom) are good at English will take part in the contest. 答案：who 解析：先行词 the students 是人，从句中缺少主语，who 作主语，故填 who。 6.Do you remember the girl ______ (who/whom) we met at the museum? 答案：whom 解析：先行词 the girl 是人，从句中 met 后缺少宾语，whom 作宾语，故填 whom。 7.The doctor ______ (who/whom) saved the patient’s life is from Beijing. 答案：who 解析：先行词 the doctor 是人，从句中缺少主语，who 作主语，故填 who。 8.I like the friend ______ (who/whom) always helps others. 答案：who 解析：先行词 the friend 是人，从句中缺少主语，who 作主语，故填 who。 9.The woman ______ (who/whom) you talked to on the phone is my aunt. 答案：whom 解析：先行词 the woman 是人，从句中 to 后缺少宾语，whom 作宾语，故填 whom。 10.The children ______ (who/whom) are playing on the playground are my students. 答案：who 解析：先行词 the children 是人，从句中缺少主语，who 作主语，故填 who。 三、汉译英。（用 who/whom 引导定语从句翻译） 1.那个帮助过我的老师很友好。（who） 答案：The teacher who helped me is very kind. 解析：先行词 the teacher 是人，从句中缺少主语，用 who 引导；“帮助过我” 译为 helped me，从句用一般过去时（表过去的动作）。 2.我昨天见到的那个男孩是我的同班同学。（whom） 答案：The boy whom I met yesterday is my classmate. 解析：先行词 the boy 是人，从句中 met 后缺少宾语，用 whom 引导；“昨天见到” 译为 met yesterday，从句语序为 “连接词 + 主语 + 谓语”。 3.正在唱歌的女孩是我的妹妹。（who） 答案：The girl who is singing is my sister. 解析：先行词 the girl 是人，从句中缺少主语，用 who 引导；“正在唱歌” 用现在进行时 is singing。 4.你刚才谈论的那个作家很有名。（whom） 答案：The writer whom you talked about just now is very famous. 解析：先行词 the writer 是人，从句中 talked about 后缺少宾语，用 whom 引导；“刚才” 译为 just now。 5.所有努力学习的学生都会取得好成绩。（who） 答案：All the students who study hard will get good grades. 解析：先行词 all the students 是人，从句中缺少主语，用 who 引导；“努力学习” 译为 study hard，主句用一般将来时。 6.我认识那个在医院工作的医生。（who） 答案：I know the doctor who works in the hospital. 解析：先行词 the doctor 是人，从句中缺少主语，用 who 引导；“在医院工作” 译为 works in the hospital，主语 the doctor 是单数，work 用三单形式。 7.妈妈正在照顾的那位老人是我的奶奶。（whom） 答案：The old woman whom my mother is looking after is my grandmother. 解析：先行词 the old woman 是人，从句中 looking after 后缺少宾语，用 whom 引导；“正在照顾” 用现在进行时 is looking after。 8.那个给我们讲故事的老师来自上海。（who） 答案：The teacher who tells us stories is from Shanghai. 解析：先行词 the teacher 是人，从句中缺少主语，用 who 引导；“给我们讲故事” 译为 tells us stories，主语是单数，tell 用三单形式。 9.你想认识的那个女孩喜欢画画。（whom） 答案：The girl whom you want to know likes drawing. 解析：先行词 the girl 是人，从句中 want to know 后缺少宾语，用 whom 引导；“喜欢画画” 译为 likes drawing，主语是单数，like 用三单形式。 10.帮助贫困儿童的那些人是志愿者。（who） 答案：The people who help poor children are volunteers. 解析：先行词 the people 是人，从句中缺少主语，用 who 引导；“帮助贫困儿童” 译为 help poor children，主语 the people 是复数，谓语用原形。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $