内容正文:
外研英语九上Unit2语法讲解及习题:
when与where引导的状语从句(状语从句2)
一、单元语法总览
本单元语法为 Adverbial clauses (2),即由 when 引导时间状语从句、where 引导地点状语从句,承接 Unit1 的 if/because 状语从句体系,话题围绕零花钱、储蓄、理财、合理用钱展开。
核心功能:用 when/where 从句给出理财、储蓄相关建议,描述金钱管理的时间、地点场景。
二、语法细分精讲
(一)when 引导时间状语从句
1. 核心定义
when 意为 \\“当…… 的时候”,引导从句描述动作发生的时间 \\,主从句可以同时发生、先后发生。
2. 两大基础句式
1. When + 时间从句,主句(从句放句首,逗号隔开)
2. 主句 + when + 时间从句(从句后置,无逗号)
3. 时态搭配规则(本单元理财话题高频)
搭配 1:主祈从现(给建议、指令,课本原句句式)
从句 when 后用一般现在时,主句用祈使句(动词原形开头)
课本原句:When the tins are ready, put all your money into them.
翻译:当储蓄罐准备好时,把你所有零花钱放进去。
拓展例句(单元话题):
When you get pocket money, divide it into three parts: save, spend, donate.
当你拿到零花钱时,把它分成三部分:储蓄、消费、捐赠。
搭配 2:主将来,从现(描述未来存钱、理财行为)
when 从句:一般现在时;主句:will + 动词原形
When you grow up, you will know how to manage money well.
等你长大,你就会懂得合理理财。
搭配 3:主过从过(描述过去发生的理财小事)
主从句统一使用一般过去时
When he was 12, he started saving half of his pocket money.
他 12 岁的时候,就开始存一半零花钱。
4. 关键考点区分:when & while(拓展,考试常考)
· when:既可接短暂动作(reach/get/begin),也可接延续动作;
· while:只接延续性动作(进行时、长动作);
本单元只重点掌握 when,简单区分:
When you receive money, write it down.(receive 短暂动词,只用 when)
(二)where 引导地点状语从句
1. 核心定义
where 意为 \\“在…… 的地方”,引导从句描述动作发生的地点、场所 \\,说明主句动作发生的位置。
2. 两大基础句式
1. Where + 地点从句,主句(从句前置,逗号分隔)
2. 主句 + where + 地点从句(从句后置,无逗号)
3. 时态搭配规则
时态无需特殊变化,主从句时态保持一致即可,不受 “主将从现” 限制。
句式 1:祈使句搭配(课本给建议核心句式)
课本原句:Let’s buy school things where the prices are lower.
翻译:我们去物价更低的地方买文具吧。
拓展例句:Put your money box where you can see it every day.
把存钱罐放在你每天能看见的地方。
句式 2:一般现在时(描述常态)
Teenagers always shop online where they can get cheaper books.
青少年总在能买到低价书籍的地方网购。
句式 3:一般过去时(描述过去场景)
He put his coins back where they were.(课本习题原句)
他把硬币放回了原来的位置。
4. 易混区分:where 地点状语从句 vs where 定语从句
1. 地点状语从句(本单元语法):where 前面无地点名词,where = in the place where
Put your savings where you won’t spend them easily.
(前面没有 place/shop/box 等名词,状语从句)
2. 定语从句(Unit4/5 学习):where 前有地点名词,where 修饰前面名词
This is the shop where I buy cheap stationery.
(先行词 shop,定语从句,本单元不要求掌握,仅区分认知)
(三)when 时间从句 & where 地点从句 对比总表
引导词
从句类型
中文含义
核心时态规则
使用场景(单元话题)
when
时间状语从句
当…… 时候
1. 主祈从现
2. 主将从现
3. 主过从过
拿到零花钱、到年龄、新年开始、存钱时刻
where
地点状语从句
在…… 的地方
主从句时态同步,无特殊限制
放存钱罐、购物、存放硬币、储蓄场所
(四)单元双从句综合例句(贴合 On the money 话题)
1. When you get pocket money, keep it where you can’t waste it quickly.
当你拿到零花钱,把它存放在你不会随便乱花的地方。
2. Where prices are high, wait until the festival when there are big sales.
在物价高的地方,等到大促活动的时候再买。
三、专项练习题
题型一:选词填空 when /where
1. You should put your piggy bank __________ you can watch it every day.
2. __________ you receive pocket money from parents, make a saving plan at once.
3. Don’t spend money __________ the goods are too expensive.
4. I will start my 365-day savings challenge __________ the new term begins.
5. Josh put his coins back __________ he took them from.
6. __________ you turn 18, you can open your own bank account.
7. We can buy notebooks __________ the prices are much lower.
8. It’s hard to keep saving __________ you just start the challenge.
9. Leave your savings jar __________ your bad shopping habits can’t reach it.
10. __________ the year ends, count all your coins and bills.
题型二:用括号内动词正确形式填空( 结合 when 主将从现 / 主祈从现)
1. When you __________ (get) pocket money, __________ (save) 30% of it.
2. He __________ (start) saving money when he __________ (be) eleven last year.
3. When the holiday __________ (come), we __________ (buy) cheap books online.
4. __________ (write) down every cost when you __________ (spend) your money.
5. When teenagers __________ (reach) 18, they __________ (have) their own bank cards.
6. I __________ (put) my money box on the desk where I __________ (see) it easily every morning.
7. When you __________ (finish) the 365-day challenge, you __________ (be) surprised at your savings.
8. Where prices __________ (be) high, we __________ (wait) for sales in the future.
题型三:单项选择
1. Put your savings jar ______ you can see it clearly.
A. when B. where C. what D. why
2. —What will you do ______ you get your Spring Festival money?
—I will save most of it in the bank.
A. where B. when C. which D. whose
3. When he ______ young, he ______ half his pocket money every month.
A. is; save B. was; saved C. will be; save D. are; saves
4. Let’s go shopping ______ the stationery is cheap.
A. where B. when C. that D. if
5. ______ you begin to save money, you will find it meaningful little by little.
A. Where B. When C. Because D. If
6. Don’t waste money ______ the things you buy are useless.
A. when B. where C. what D. how
7. When the new year ______, we ______ start our savings plan together.
A. comes; will B. will come; will C. come; do D. came; will
8. You can open a bank account ______ you are over 18 years old.
A. where B. when C. so D. but
9. I left my money box ______ I always put my storybooks.
A. when B. because C. where D. if
10. —When can we get cheaper pens?
—You can buy them ______ the shopping festival comes.
A. where B. when C. whose D. which
题型四:句型转换
1. You reach 18. You can open your own bank account.(用 when 合并句子,从句前置)
2. The prices are low there. We buy school things there.(用 where 合并句子)
3. Put all coins into the jar. The jar is ready.(用 when 合并为主祈从现句型)
4. You can see your money easily there. Put your piggy bank there.(用 where 合并)
题型五:改错
1. When you will get pocket money, save part of it.
2. I put my saving jar where I can see it yesterday.
四、全部习题答案 + 详细解析
题型一:选词填空 when /where 答案 + 解析
1. where 解析:存钱罐放在 “能每天看见” 的地点,表地点用 where
2. When 解析:“当你收到零花钱” 是时间场景,句首大写 When
3. where 解析:不要在物价过高的地方消费,地点状语
4. when 解析:新学期开始时开启存钱挑战,表时间
5. where 解析:把硬币放回原来取出的地方,地点
6. When 解析:当你年满 18 岁,可开银行账户,时间
7. where 解析:去价格更低的地方买笔记本,地点
8. when 解析:刚开启挑战的时候坚持存钱很难,时间
9. where 解析:把储蓄罐放在不会冲动乱花的地方,地点
10. When 解析:年末清点钱币,时间,句首大写
题型二:动词变形填空 答案 + 解析
1. get; save
解析:when 主祈从现,从句一般现在时 get,主句祈使句动词原形 save
2. started; was
解析:last year 过去时,主过从过
3. comes; will buy
解析:when 主将从现,从句一般现在时 comes,主句将来时 will buy
4. Write; spend
解析:主祈从现,句首祈使动词 Write;从句一般现在时 spend
5. reach; will have
解析:主将从现,teenagers 复数,从句 reach;主句 will have
6. put; see
解析:every morning 常态一般现在时,I 后 put;I 后 see
7. finish; will be
解析:主将从现,从句 finish;主句 will be
8. are; will wait
解析:in the future 将来含义,从句一般现在时 are,主句 will wait
题型三:单项选择 答案 + 解析
1. B where 解析:存钱罐放在能看清的地方,地点状语从句
2. B when 解析:问拿到压岁钱的时候做什么,时间
3. B was; saved 解析:last year 过去时,统一用一般过去时
4. A where 解析:去文具便宜的地方购物,地点
5. B When 解析:当你开始存钱,会慢慢发现意义,时间状语从句
6. A when 解析:当商品无用时不要乱花钱,时间场景
7. A comes; will 解析:when 主将从现,从句三单 comes,主句 will
8. B when 解析:年满 18 岁时可开户,表时间节点
9. C where 解析:存钱罐放在常放故事书的位置,地点
10. B when 解析:购物节到来时低价购入,时间
题型四:句型转换 答案 + 解析
1. When you reach 18, you can open your own bank account.
解析:when 从句放句首,逗号分隔,时态一般现在时
2. We buy school things where the prices are low.
解析:where 引导地点从句后置,描述购物的场所
3. When the jar is ready, put all coins into it.
解析:主祈从现结构,when 从句前置,主句动词原形开头
4. Put your piggy bank where you can see your money easily.
解析:where 引导地点从句,修饰存钱罐放置的位置
题型五:改错 答案 + 解析
1. 错误:will get → get
解析:when 时间状语从句遵循 “主将从现”,从句不能用将来时,改为一般现在时 get
2. 错误:put → put;saving → savings
解析:yesterday 为过去时间,put 过去式不变;固定搭配 savings jar 储蓄罐,saving 改为 savings
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