2026-2027学年人教版英语七年级上册暑期预习—名词（名词的数、名词所有格）综合练习

**基本信息** 聚焦名词的数与所有格，通过分层题型构建从基础变形到语篇综合的知识逻辑链，助力暑期预习夯实语法基础，提升语言应用能力。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项选择|20题|覆盖核心考点（共同所有、不规则复数等）|名词的数（规则/不规则/复合）与所有格（共同/分别/时间/双重）的概念生成与应用| |单词拼写|10题|基础变形训练（如parent→parents）|从单一名词到复数/所有格的规则推导| |选词填空|10题|语境化应用（如双重所有格）|所有格在实际情境中的策略性表达| |短文填空|15空|语篇综合运用（如season→seasons）|名词用法在语篇理解中的迁移拓展|

2026-2027学年人教版英语七年级上册暑期预习 名词（名词的数、名词所有格）综合练习 一、单项选择题：从选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项 1.—What is ________ father? He wears a uniform. —He is a policeman. A．Jim and Jane’s B．Jim and Jane C．Jim’s and Jane’s D．Jim’s and Jane 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Jim和Jane的爸爸是做什么的？他穿着制服。——他是一个警察。 考查名词所有格。根据He is a policeman.可知，此处表示Jim和Jane共同拥有同一个父亲，应使用共同所有格形式Jim and Jane’s。故选A。 2.This is a photo ________ my school. A．in B．on C．of D．from 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这是一张我学校的照片。 考查介词辨析和名词所有格。in在……里面；on在……上；of……的；from从……。根据a photo ... my school可知，此处应用of构成名词所有格，表示“一张我学校的照片”。故选C。 3.My father told me ________ just now. A．two piece of news B．two pieces of news C．two news D．two pieces of newses 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我爸爸刚才告诉我两条消息。 考查名词的数。news“消息”是不可数名词，没有复数形式，排除D选项。表示“几条消息”时，要用“数词+piece(s) of+news”结构，piece是可数名词，其单复数形式要根据数词来决定，two是基数词，所以piece要用复数形式。故选B。 4.—Hurry up, please! The bus will come to the station in one_________. —OK, I’m coming! A．year B．month C．minute D．day 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——请快点！公交车一分钟以后就要进站了。——好的，我来了！ 考查名词辨析。year年；month月；minute分钟；day天。根据Hurry up, please! The bus will come to the station可知车马上就要来了，minute符合，表示“分钟”。故选C。 5.The _______ boy spends _______ walk to school every day. A．ten-year-old; two hour’s B．ten-year-old; two hours’ C．ten-years-old; two hour’ D．ten years old; two-hours 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个十岁的男孩每天花两小时步行去上学。 考查名词所有格和形容词辨析。根据boy可知，此处应用形容词修饰，故10岁的应是ten-year-old；根据walk可知，应用名词所有格，两小时的名词所有格为two hours’。故选B。 6.— I’d like to eat some ________ and drink ________. —OK. Let’s get some. A．sandwich; coffee B．sandwiches; coffee C．sandwich; coffees D．sandwiches; coffees 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我想吃一些三明治，喝点咖啡。——好的。我们去买些吧。 sandwich三明治，可数名词；coffee咖啡，不可数名词。第一空前有some，修饰可数名词复数，故填sandwiches；第二空表示饮品物质，用不可数名词coffee。 7.The ________ nurses in the hospital are happy to go shopping in those small ________. A．woman; shoe shop B．women; shoe shops C．woman; shoes shop D．women; shoes shops 【答案】B 【详解】句意：医院里的女护士们都很乐意去那些小鞋店购物。 考查名词。woman妇女，shoe鞋，shop商店。woman作定语修饰名词时，应和所修饰的名词在数上保持一致，根据复数名词nurses可知，第一空应用women；第二空修饰名词shop，用名词shoe作定语，有those修饰，用复数名词，故选B。 8.________ are going to come to my home tonight when they are free. A．My brother two friends B．My brother of two friends C．Two my brother’s friend D．Two friends of my brother’s 【答案】D 【详解】句意：今天晚上，我弟弟的两个朋友打算来我家，当他们有空的时候。“我哥哥的两个朋友”这里是双重所有格。可以表达为two friends of my brother’s 或者two of my brother’s friends，根据题意，故选D。 9.There ________ an apple and some ________ on the desk. A．is; watchs B．is; watches C．are; watchs D．are; watches 【答案】B 【详解】句意：桌子上有一个苹果和一些手表。 考查there be句型和名词变复数。there be句型，遵循“就近原则”，根据an apple可知，be动词应用is；some后面接可数名词复数或不可数名词，watch“手表”，其复数形式为watches。故选B。 10.I have many ____ and I like the ____ bear best. A．toys; toys B．toy; toy C．toys; toy D.toy；toys 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我有许多玩具，我最喜欢这个玩具熊。 考查名词的用法。toy玩具，可数名词；many“许多”修饰复数名词，所以第一个空用toys；第二个空为名词toy作定语修饰bear，当一个名词用于另一个名词前作定语时，习惯上要用单数形式作定语，故选C。 11.Many foreign students came to our school last week, including three________and five________. A．Germen; Canadian B．Germans; Canadians C．Germen; Canadians D．Germans; Canadian 【答案】B 【详解】句意：上周许多外国学生来我们学校，包括三个德国人和五个加拿大人。 考查专有名词的复数变化。Germen错误结构；Canadian加拿大人，单数形式；Germans 德国人，复数形式；Canadians加拿大人，复数形式；根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“三个德国人和两个加拿大人”，所以此处的名词都要用复数形式，“德国人”是German ，复数是Germans，而“加拿大人”是Canadian，复数是直接加s，故选B 。 12.Could you please take ________ of these ________? They are very beautiful. A．any photos; potatoes B．some photos; potatoes C．some photos; potatos D．any photos; potatos 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你能为这些土豆拍些照片吗？它们非常漂亮。 考查不定代词和名词的复数形式。在表示请求或建议的疑问句中，通常用some表示希望得到肯定回答；potato“土豆”，变复数时加-es。故选B。 13.I’m hungry. Please give me ________ . A．two turkey sandwich B．three turkey sandwiches C．two turkeys sandwich D．three turkeys sandwiches 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我饿了。请给我三个火鸡三明治。 考查名词复数。turkey sandwich“火鸡肉三明治”，是复合名词，中心词是sandwich，所以复数只在中心词上变复数就可以，结合选词可知，此处名词应用复数形式，故选B。 14.—Lily left _______ English book on the desk. ―Oh, it isn’t _______. It is _______. A．her; she; Nick’s B．hers; her; Nick C．her; hers; Nick’s D．she’s; her; Nicks’ 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——莉莉把她的英语书忘在桌子上了。——哦，那不是她的。这是尼克的。 考查代词辨析和名词所有格。her她的，形容词性物主代词或人称代词宾格；she她，人称代词主格；hers她的，名词性物主代词。第一空修饰名词English book，应用形容词性物主代词；第二空是指“不是她的”，空格后没有名词，应用名词性物主代词；第三空表示“是尼克的”，应用名词所有格形式Nick’s，故选C。 15.—What’s your name? — His name is Jack. A．brother’s B．uncle C．mother’s D．father 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你哥哥的名字是什么？——他的名字是杰克。 A. brother’s哥哥的；B. uncle叔叔；C. mother’s妈妈的；D. father爸爸。在英语中，在单数名词后加’s表示“……的”，结合答语His name is Jack.他的名字是杰克。可判断，上句是问一个男性的名字。故选A。 16.Action has been taken to prevent the ________ plant from producing harmful ________. A．chemistry, chemical B．chemical, chemical C．chemical, chemicals D．chemistry, chemicals 【答案】C 【详解】句意：已采取行动防止那家化工厂生产有害化学品。 考查形容词和名词辨析。chemistry化学，名词；chemical化学的，形容词/名词；chemicals化学，化学品，是chemical的复数。根据plant可知，前面应用形容词修饰名词，因此用chemical“化学的”；第二空根据harmful可知，形容词后跟名词，此处表示泛指，因此用chemicals。故选C。 17.This is Mary and that is Kate. ________ my ________. A．She’s; friend B．They’re; friends C．They’re; friend D．She’s; friends 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是玛丽，那是凯特。她们是我的朋友。 考查代词使用和名词复数。根据题干中的Mary和Kate可知，是两个人，所以应该使用人称代词的主格they在第二句中做主语，系动词使用are，两个人所以应该是“朋友们”，使用名词复数friends，故选B。 18.Mary’s English is much better than __________ in the class. A．any student’s B．any other student C．anyone else D．any other student’s 【答案】D 【详解】句意：玛丽的英语比班上其他任何学生都要好得多。 考查所有格。any student’s任何学生的；any other student其他任何学生；anyone else其他任何人any other student’s其他任何学生的；any other指在同一范围内除了某人或某物以外的其他人或物。这里比较的对象是英语成绩，故用名词所有格any other student’s。故选D。 19.Three fifths of the teachers in our school are ________. A．man teachers B．men teachers C．woman teachers D．women teacher 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们学校五分之三的教师是男教师。 考查名词复数。结合动词are可知，名词要用复数形式，以man或woman为前缀的名词变复数时，前后两个名词都变成复数，B选项正确，故选B。 20.It's about ________ from our school to my house. A．20 minutes' walk B．20 minute's walk C．walk of 20 minutes D．20 minutes' walks 【答案】A 【详解】句意：从我们学校到我家大约要走20分钟的路。 选项A：20 minutes' walk，意为“20分钟的路”；minutes’名词复数的所有格，修饰不可数名词walk。20 minutes二十分钟，名词使用复数，所以其它选项表达错误。故选A。 二、单词拼写题：用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空 21．My ____(father)name is John Smith. 22．They  are Betty's ____(parent)． 23．His two brothers are ____(policeman)． 24．Lily is an American girl，but ____(she)mother is Chinese. 25．They are ____(nurse)in a hospital. 26．Bill and Tom are my friends.They are factory ____(worker)． 27．In Britain，please do not ask a ___(woman)age. 28．—Are ____(that)your parents? —No, they aren't.They are my uncle and aunt. 29．Cook the dish at home and take (picture). 30．This is ________ (Kitty and Mary) room. It looks very clean. 【答案】21．father's 22．parents 23．policemen 24．her 25．nurses 26．workers 27．woman's 28．those 29.pictures 30.Kitty and Mary’s this/these、其他语法一致形式、名词作主宾表补定、可数名词复数规则变化 【解析】21．句意：我父亲的名字叫约翰·史密斯。 名词name需用所有格修饰，根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填father’s。 22．句意：他们是贝蒂的父母。 Betty's是所有格，后接名词；根据主语they（他们）和所给单词提示，可知用复数形式，故填parents。 23．句意：他的两个兄弟是警察。 根据his two brothers（他的两个兄弟）和所给单词提示，可知用复数形式，故填policemen。 24．句意：莉莉是一个美国女孩，但她的妈妈是中国人。 名词mother需用形容词性物主代词修饰；根据前句主语Lily和所给单词提示，可知填her。 25．句意：他们是医院的护士。 根据主语they（他们）和所给单词提示，可知用复数形式，故填nurses。 26．句意：比尔和汤姆是我的朋友。他们是工厂工人。 factory worker工厂工人；根据主语they（他们）和所给单词提示，可知填workers. 27．句意：在英国，请不要问女人的年龄。 不定冠词a修饰单数名词；名词age需用所有格修饰，根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填woman's. 28．句意：——那些是你的父母吗?——不,他们不是。他们是我的叔叔和婶婶。 本句缺主语，系词are需跟复数人称；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知用复指代词，故填those。 29.句意：在家做好这道菜，并拍照。 句中take与空格处构成固定搭配，表示“拍照”。在家做菜后拍照，通常可能拍一张或多张照片，所以可以用take a picture或take pictures，此处没有明确数量限制，空格前没有冠词a，故填复数形式pictures。 30.句意：这是基蒂和玛丽的房间。它看起来很干净。 根据This is…room. It looks very clean.中的this和room及提示词可知，此处指的是基蒂和玛丽共用的一个房间，表示两个人共有的东西时，应该在第二个人后面加’s。故填Kitty and Mary’s。 三、选词填空题：从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语，并用其适当形式填入横线，每个词语限用一次 teacher     your    help     Shakespeare    father    welcome what about    build    excuse me      thank you for 31．This isn’t your ruler. is green. 32．With Mike’s , I found my pen. 33．This book is my . Look, her name is on it. 34．— , is this your schoolbag? —No, it’s Jane’s. 35．Mr. White is a good teacher. He is at school. 36．— your eraser. —You’re welcome. 37．This is Lin Ming’s pencil box. that green one? 38． parents didn't learn to read or write. 39．There were many tall in the city center three years ago. 40．—Do you know Mr Liu? —Yes. He is a friend of my . 【答案】31．Yours 32．help 33．teacher’s 34．Excuse me 35．welcome 36．Thank you for 37．What about 38．Shakespeare’s 39.buildings 40．father’s 【解析】31．句意：这不是你的格尺。你的是绿色的。 根据is green可知，空格处缺少主语，名词性物主代词yours指代your ruler“你的格尺”，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Yours。 32．句意：在麦克的帮助下，我找到了我的钢笔。 根据Mike’s可知，空格处缺一名词，help“帮助”符合句意。故填help。 33．句意：这本书是我的老师的。看，她的名字在上面。 根据This book is my可知，空格处应填名词teacher“老师”的所有格形式teacher’s。故填teacher’s。 34．句意：——打扰一下，这是你的书包吗？——不，它是简的。 根据is this your schoolbag可知，空格处应填一礼貌用语，excuse me“打扰一下”符合句意，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Excuse me。 35．句意：怀特先生是位好老师。他在学校很受欢迎。 根据He is可知，空格处应填形容词welcome“受欢迎的”作表语。故填welcome。 36．句意：——谢谢你的橡皮。——你太客气了。 根据You’re welcome.可知，上句是在致谢，Thank you for“为某事感谢你”符合句意，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Thank you for。 37．句意：这是林明的笔盒。那个绿色的呢？ 根据that green one?可知，本句是疑问句，空格处缺少一特殊疑问词，what about“怎么样，以为如何”，用于询问某人对某事的看法，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填What about。 38．句意：莎士比亚的父母没有学会读书和写字。 根据所给空后面的parents可知，应该填的是名词所有格，Shakespeare是人名，莎士比亚，名词所有格形式是Shakespeare’s意为“莎士比亚的”，故填Shakespeare’s。 39．句意：三年前市中心有许多高楼。 根据所给空前面的many tall可知，应该填的是可数名词复数，由后面的in the city center可知，应该是建筑物，build的名词形式是building“建筑物”，复数形式是buildings，故填buildings。 40．句意：——你认识刘先生吗？——是的。他是我父亲的一个朋友。 根据He is a friend of和备选词汇可知，此处指他是我爸爸的一个朋友。此处为双重所有格，空处填名词所有格。father“爸爸”，其所有格为father’s。故填father’s。 四、短文填空题：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空 Life is like the four 41 (season). When I was little, I was in the spring of my life. I 42 (go) to school and learned. I was like a young tree. There were happy days and 43 (happy) days. Some days it was sunny and other days it was 44 (rain). In my twenties, I 45 (begin) to work. And then I got married (结婚) and had 46 (child). Every day I was busy 47 my work and family. It was the summer of my life and it went fast. Autumn came 48 summer. It was the harvest (收获) season in my life. My children finished school and had 49 (they) families. They were busy. We seldom had the time 50 (get) together. The trees changed colours and the 51 (leaf) fell down. I started to get some gray hair. One day, I retired (退休). I traveled around the world and had 52 good time. Then came the winter. Days are turning short and cold in winter. And now I 53 (become) old. I 54 (listen) to music and drink tea every day. I know I don’t have many days left, 55 I enjoy my life as always (一如既往). I love every season of my life. 【答案】 41．seasons 42．went 43．unhappy 44．rainy 45．began 46．children 47．with 48．after 49．their 50．to get 51．leaves 52．a 53．have become 54．listen 55．but 【导语】本文将人生比作四季，依次描述了人生春季、夏季、秋季、冬季，表达了对人生每个阶段的热爱。 【详解】41．句意：人生就像四个季节。根据four可知，后跟可数名词复数。故填seasons。 42．句意：我去上学并学习。根据When I was little可知，是过去的事，go的过去式是went。故填went。 43．句意：有快乐的日子，也有不快乐的日子。根据happy days可知，此处需用happy的反义词与之相对。故填unhappy。 44．句意：有些日子阳光明媚，其他日子下雨。根据was可知，后跟形容词作表语；rain的形容词是rainy。故填rainy。 45．句意：在我二十多岁时，我开始工作。全文时态为一般过去时，此处需保持时态一致，动词用过去式。故填began。 46．句意：然后我结婚了，有了孩子。此处需用复数形式泛指。故填children。 47．句意：每天我都忙于工作和家庭。根据was busy可知，be busy with“忙于某事”，为固定用法。故填with。 48．句意：夏天之后秋天来了。根据Autumn came可知，秋天是在夏天之后。故填after。 49．句意：我的孩子们完成学业，有了他们自己的家庭。根据families可知，修饰名词需用形容词性物主代词；they的形容词性物主代词是their。故填their。 50．句意：我们很少有时间聚在一起。根据had the time可知，have the time to do sth.“有时间做某事”，为固定用法。故填to get。 51．句意：树变了颜色，树叶落了下来。此处需用复数形式泛指所有树叶掉落。故填leaves。 52．句意：我环游世界，玩得很开心。根据had … good time可知，have a good time“玩得开心”，是固定短语，故填a。 53．句意：现在我变老了。根据时间状语now（现在）及语境可知，此处强调过去动作对现在的影响，时态为现在完成时，结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语I后用have，become的过去分词是become，故填have become。 54．句意：我每天听音乐、喝茶。根据every day可知，是一般现在时，主语I，动词用原形。故填listen。 55．句意：我知道我剩下的日子不多了，但我一如既往地享受生活。前后是转折关系，需用but连接。故填but。 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年人教版英语七年级上册暑期预习 名词（名词的数、名词所有格）综合练习 一、单项选择题：从选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项 1.—What is ________ father? He wears a uniform. —He is a policeman. A．Jim and Jane’s B．Jim and Jane C．Jim’s and Jane’s D．Jim’s and Jane 2.This is a photo ________ my school. A．in B．on C．of D．from 3.My father told me ________ just now. A．two piece of news B．two pieces of news C．two news D．two pieces of newses 4.—Hurry up, please! The bus will come to the station in one_________. —OK, I’m coming! A．year B．month C．minute D．day 5.The _______ boy spends _______ walk to school every day. A．ten-year-old; two hour’s B．ten-year-old; two hours’ C．ten-years-old; two hour’ D．ten years old; two-hours 6.— I’d like to eat some ________ and drink ________. —OK. Let’s get some. A．sandwich; coffee B．sandwiches; coffee C．sandwich; coffees D．sandwiches; coffees 7.The ________ nurses in the hospital are happy to go shopping in those small ________. A．woman; shoe shop B．women; shoe shops C．woman; shoes shop D．women; shoes shops 8.________ are going to come to my home tonight when they are free. A．My brother two friends B．My brother of two friends C．Two my brother’s friend D．Two friends of my brother’s 9.There ________ an apple and some ________ on the desk. A．is; watchs B．is; watches C．are; watchs D．are; watches 10.I have many ____ and I like the ____ bear best. A．toys; toys B．toy; toy C．toys; toy D.toy；toys 11.Many foreign students came to our school last week, including three________and five________. A．Germen; Canadian B．Germans; Canadians C．Germen; Canadians D．Germans; Canadian 12.Could you please take ________ of these ________? They are very beautiful. A．any photos; potatoes B．some photos; potatoes C．some photos; potatos D．any photos; potatos 13.I’m hungry. Please give me ________ . A．two turkey sandwich B．three turkey sandwiches C．two turkeys sandwich D．three turkeys sandwiches 14.—Lily left _______ English book on the desk. ―Oh, it isn’t _______. It is _______. A．her; she; Nick’s B．hers; her; Nick C．her; hers; Nick’s D．she’s; her; Nicks’ 15.—What’s your name? — His name is Jack. A．brother’s B．uncle C．mother’s D．father 16.Action has been taken to prevent the ________ plant from producing harmful ________. A．chemistry, chemical B．chemical, chemical C．chemical, chemicals D．chemistry, chemicals 17.This is Mary and that is Kate. ________ my ________. A．She’s; friend B．They’re; friends C．They’re; friend D．She’s; friends 18.Mary’s English is much better than __________ in the class. A．any student’s B．any other student C．anyone else D．any other student’s 19.Three fifths of the teachers in our school are ________. A．man teachers B．men teachers C．woman teachers D．women teacher 20.It's about ________ from our school to my house. A．20 minutes' walk B．20 minute's walk C．walk of 20 minutes D．20 minutes' walks 二、单词拼写题：用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空 21．My ____(father)name is John Smith. 22．They  are Betty's ____(parent)． 23．His two brothers are ____(policeman)． 24．Lily is an American girl，but ____(she)mother is Chinese. 25．They are ____(nurse)in a hospital. 26．Bill and Tom are my friends.They are factory ____(worker)． 27．In Britain，please do not ask a ___(woman)age. 28．—Are ____(that)your parents? —No, they aren't.They are my uncle and aunt. 29．Cook the dish at home and take (picture). 30．This is ________ (Kitty and Mary) room. It looks very clean. 三、选词填空题：从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语，并用其适当形式填入横线，每个词语限用一次 teacher     your    help     Shakespeare    father    welcome what about    build    excuse me      thank you for 31．This isn’t your ruler. is green. 32．With Mike’s , I found my pen. 33．This book is my . Look, her name is on it. 34．— , is this your schoolbag? —No, it’s Jane’s. 35．Mr. White is a good teacher. He is at school. 36．— your eraser. —You’re welcome. 37．This is Lin Ming’s pencil box. that green one? 38． parents didn't learn to read or write. 39．There were many tall in the city center three years ago. 40．—Do you know Mr Liu? —Yes. He is a friend of my . 四、短文填空题：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空 Life is like the four 41 (season). When I was little, I was in the spring of my life. I 42 (go) to school and learned. I was like a young tree. There were happy days and 43 (happy) days. Some days it was sunny and other days it was 44 (rain). In my twenties, I 45 (begin) to work. And then I got married (结婚) and had 46 (child). Every day I was busy 47 my work and family. It was the summer of my life and it went fast. Autumn came 48 summer. It was the harvest (收获) season in my life. My children finished school and had 49 (they) families. They were busy. We seldom had the time 50 (get) together. The trees changed colours and the 51 (leaf) fell down. I started to get some gray hair. One day, I retired (退休). I traveled around the world and had 52 good time. Then came the winter. Days are turning short and cold in winter. And now I 53 (become) old. I 54 (listen) to music and drink tea every day. I know I don’t have many days left, 55 I enjoy my life as always (一如既往). I love every season of my life. 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $