广东惠州市2025-2026学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题

**基本信息** 试卷以科技前沿（如珊瑚监测、环保建材）、社会热点（野生动物保护、个人成长）和文化传承（清明粿制作）为情境，融合语言理解与思维推理，全面考查高二学生语言能力与跨文化意识。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读第一节|15题/37.5分|细节理解、推理判断、主旨归纳|公民科学项目（CoralWatch）、野生动物保护研究等真实语篇，考查信息筛选与逻辑分析| |阅读第二节|5题/12.5分|篇章结构、逻辑衔接|以“敢于不完美开始”为主题，强化语篇连贯思维| |完形填空|15题/15分|语境词汇、上下文理解|家庭沟通情境，渗透公平意识与倾听重要性| |语法填空|10题/15分|语法应用、文化表达|浙江清明粿制作，体现传统饮食文化传承| |应用文写作|1题/15分|图标描述、观点表达|“Daily Exercise”活动图标选择，考查信息整合与简洁表达| |读后续写|1题/25分|情节发展、情感描写|社区“废弃 yard”改造，培养问题解决与人文关怀|

惠州市高二下学期英语期末质量检测试题 共8页 作答时间:120 分钟 满分:120 分 第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题每小题 2.5分;满分 37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Come Join Our Watch: Become a Citizen Scientist Coral reefs(珊瑚礁) provide food and shelter for a rich variety of marine life. They also protect millions of people from coastal flooding and storms. However, there are not enough scientists to monitor their health, and this is where you can help. CoralWatch, a citizen science program, uses the Coral Health Chart to measure changes in coral colour associated with coral bleaching(白化). The chart is easy to use and allows anyone to get involved without special training. Steps to Use the Coral Health Chart Choose a random coral and select the lightest area. Find the closest colour match and record the colour code(代码). Then select the darkest area of the same coral and record that colour code.Try to monitor at least.20 corals per survey. Tips for Monitoring · Avoid measuring the growing tips of branching and plate corals since they are naturally white. · Do not monitor blue or purple corals because they have a different bleaching response. · Corals are fragile animals. Do not touch or step on them. · Use a flashlight when diving below 5m/15 feet due to color loss at depth. · Don't just record bleached corals. Aim for a representative sample of all coral colors. Reef Colour Score Distribution All data is publicly available in the global database at www.coralwatch.org.The bar graph above shows the distribution of colour scores for 20 surveyed corals on a particular reef. A healthy reef has a majority of scores of 3 and more. Don't wait for coral bleaching to occur— monitoring healthy reefs is just as important. To get started, request your free Coral Health Chart online. 21. What is the purpose of the CoralWatch program? A. To collect data for government use. B. To train professional marine scientists. C. To spread knowledge of Coral reefs. D. To engage citizens in coral monitoring. 英语试题 第1页 共8页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 22. What is advised when monitoring coral reef health? A. Including purple corals in surveys. B. Recording corals of various colors. C. Measuring tips of branching corals. D. Avoiding using an underwater light. 23: Why can the particular reef be considered healthy . according to the bar graph? A. Because 30% of the surveyed corals on it scored 3. B. Because 45% of the surveyed corals on it scored 4. C. Because 75% of the surveyed corals on it scored 3 and more. D. Because 85% of the surveyed corals on it. scored 3 and more. B All my life I've been bad at sports. At school I was always pretending to be sick on the annual sports day, and I had a standing note from my mother to excuse me from physical education classes due to. my“bad foot”. Even after I. started exercising regularly in my mid-20s, I never joined my friends' football teams. Then, last year, a friend invited me to her birthday“kickabout”—a casual game of football. Had we been less close, I might have made my excuses. Instead, I turned up,determined to keep as far away from the ball as possible. To my great surprise,I enjoyed myself. Instead of running. down the clock on the sidelines,I got swept up in the game, rooting for my team to score. A year later, the kickabout is not only still going, but it's grown from five or six friends to a team of about 40. Every other Sunday, we meet and play at our local sports center. What keeps me turning up every Sunday? Unexpectedly, it is not the socializing or the exercise. I love the sense of challenging myself. with zero expectation— or even hope— of ever being actually skillful. Why does it feel so good to be bad at something?“Amateurish(业余的) comes from theLatin, meaning‘one who loves’,” explains author Karen Walrond. Her new book In Defense ofDabbling makes the case for“intentional amateurism”: finding an activity we' re drawn to but not necessarily naturally good at, and sticking with it anyway. There are two reasons to pursue intentional amateurism. First, it challenges the idea that we must always be productive or constantly improve ourselves. Teaching yourself to cook, for instance, is something you might do simply for personal enjoyment. Second, even though you might never improve, you' ll definitely experience benefits, which can flow into your daily life, says Walrond. 24. What can be inferred about the author's view of sports daring school days? A. He enjoyed team games. B. He found them-challenging. C. He tried to-avoid participation. D. He valued physical exercise. 25. What makes the author keep joining the weekly football game? A. Pleasure of pure challenge. B. Need for regular physical exercise. C. Active interaction with friends. D. Desire to become skillful at football. 26. What does“intentional amateurism” advocate? A. Engaging in productive hobbies. B. Developing talents in various fields. C. Enhancing professional productivity. D. Enjoying activities without skill pressure. 27. What does the author's experience show? A. Hard work pays off. B. Practice makes perfect. C. Friendship fuels growth. D. Process outweighs the outcome. 英语试题 第2页 共8页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 C Even small changes in how people move through environments can significantly affect animal behavior and could have implications for wildlife conservation efforts, a new study finds. Animals are influenced by both direct human presence and human-caused environmental changes, such as agriculture and urbanization. Researchers from Yale and more than 50 organizations collaborated(合作) globally. For the first time ever, they used mobile phone data, paired with satellite-derived measurements of human habitat disturbance, to investigate how these two factors, separately and in combination, impact animal habitat use. For six years, they tracked 37 species across the U. S. using GPS devices, collecting 11.8 million location points from more than 4,500 animals.“It has been challenging to capture the impact of human presence on wildlife,” says Oliver, a leading researcher,“mobile device data are typically not available, but our study was made possible between 2019 and 2020 when human activity decreased.” This enabled researchers to separate the effects of human presence on animal behavior from longer-term landscape changes such as urban development and agriculture. The findings were striking: over 65% of species changed behavior due to human presence, especially in natural settings. But different species responded differently. Many reduced the amount of space they used, probably to avoid people, but others responded in the opposite way.For example, ravens covered more ground, likely taking advantage of food sources linked to people, while coyotes tended to restrict their movements. The study also found that individual animals could adjust their behavior from year to year, demonstrating some flexibility in response to changing human activity. This research highlights that protecting wildlife needs more than just preserving habitats. It also requires careful management of human activity timing and intensity, like limiting traffic during key periods or reducing disturbance in certain areas.“The cutting-edge technology used in this study allows us to see, with unprecedented(前所未有的) detail, how variable wildlife responses to human activities really are,” says Scott Yanco, a research ecologist.“This means that conservation strategies need to be very targeted, not one-size-fits-all.” 28. What is unique about the new study? A. It emphasizes people's conservation efforts. B. It focuses on the small changes in environment. C. It involves experts from more than 50 global organizations. D. It studies two human-related factors individually and jointly. 29. How did the researchers carry out the study? A. By using self-made tools. B. By adopting high-tech means. C. By tracking animals in labs. D. By changing animal habitats. 30. What can we learn from the findings of the study? A. Animals tend to keep their distance. B. Animals are becoming more aggressive. C. Animals show varied and flexible adaptations. D. Animals prefer to live in urban environments. 31. What does the underlined part in the last paragraph mean? A. More technology is needed to track animal behavior. B. Protecting wildlife should prioritize habitat protection. C. Wildlife protection plans should suit different conditions. D. Human presence should be reduced in wildlife protection areas. 英语试题 第3页 共8页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 D Buildings contribute significantly to global carbon emissions(排放), particularly during the production of materials like cement. Traditional concrete production is one of the world's largest sources of carbon dioxide(CO₂). If we can switch to materials that not only reduce emissions but actually absorb CO₂, we can make a substantial difference in fighting climate change. Now, a team of scientists at ETH Zurich has developed a remarkable new building material that contains living bacteria. These bacteria are specially selected to turn CO₂ from the air into solid minerals. While regular concrete releases CO₂ during production, this material absorbs it, helping to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Inside the material, the bacteria are fed nutrients including calcium. When they“eat”, they react with CO₂ in the air to produce solid calcium carbonate. This process is similar to how seashells form in nature. Over time, the bacteria help the material grow stronger while trapping more CO₂. The scientists made the material porous(透气的), with numerous tiny holes, which give bacteria plenty of room to live and allow air to pass through so that the bacteria can capture CO₂ efficiently. Beyond its carbon-capturing ability, this material offers other benefits. Its production consumes less energy than regular concrete and is sustainable. The bacteria also require no special care— only a small amount of food and suitable conditions. If a piece breaks, it can heal(愈合) itself. The bacteria can repair small breaks by producing more calcium carbonate,just as skin heals a cut. This self-repair ability helps buildings last longer and require less maintenance. The research team is still perfecting their creation. They aim to make sure the material is strong enough for real-world applications and determine the best ways to produce it on a large scale. There are also questions about how the bacteria will behave over many years and in different climates. Still, the early results are very promising. This living building material could offer a win-win solution: helping to build the cities of tomorrow while also cleaning up the air today. 32. What is stressed in the first paragraph? A. The production of concrete. B. The need for green materials. C. The causes of climate change. D. The ways of emission reduction. 33. Why is the new building material special? A. It consists of solid minerals. B. It traps CO₂ and absorbs it. C. It contains nutrient-free bacteria. D. It emits zero CO₂ during production. 34. Why does the author mention“skin heals a cut” in paragraph 4? A. To show the similar function. B. To stress daily maintenance. C. To explain chemical reactions. D. To describe suitable conditions. 35. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Self-Repairing Eco-Friendly Bacteria B. Promising Action for Climate Change C. A Living CO₂-Trapping Building Material D. An Energy-Saving Alternative for Building 英语试题 第4页 共8页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The courage to start ugly— to begin before we feel prepared— is the birthplace of real personal growth. We are trained to chase perfection. To wait until we. feel“ready.” 36 Just embrace your ugly start, and you will transform your life growth journey. It's okay to feel uncertain, overwhelmed, or even terrified when you decide to start from a place that feels messy or unpolished. 37 Everyone, no matter how successful or accomplished,has stood where you are now—— on the edge of the unknown, doubting if their first step will be good enough. Maybe you' re feeling stuck or afraid to start because your efforts might look ugly.Remember this: your worth is not tied to perfection. You don't have to wait for the“right moment” to begin. 38 Give yourself permission to be imperfect, to stumble, to learn, and to grow. 39 Say to yourself,“I am allowed to be a beginner. I am allowed to be imperfect. My growth is a journey, not a race.” The mindset can soften the pressure and open space for creativity and progress. Surround yourself with people who celebrate your efforts, not just your outcomes. Seek out supportive community or mentors who understand that starting ugly is part of the process. 40 You just need to take a deep breath and take one small step. No matter how imperfect, that step is your commitment to your own growth. Celebrate it. You are already braver than you realize. A. You are not alone in this experience. B. Doubt stops us from taking the first step. C. It takes time to get ready for your first attempt. D. Actually. waiting for perfection is what often holds us back. E. The value lies in the courage you show by simply beginning. F. Share your struggles openly and it helps. build real connection. G. When doubt sets in, acknowledge it gently instead of battling it. 第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I used to think parenting meant clearly stating expectations and then a conversation with my son Ben taught me otherwise. One evening, I asked Ben to take the garbage out but he said it's his older sister Abby's 41 . I raised my voice,“Excuse me? You’ ll take the garbage out because I asked you to.”“NO!” Ben shouted, quickly returning to his room and 42 to talk for hours. Initially,I was frustrated. Why was he deliberately 43 ? But once I calmed down and 44 , I realized something essential—— he was standing up for his 45 . Abby had gymnastics most evenings, leaving Ben to handle garbage duty more 46 . While I believe children should listen to their parents, I 47 that we should listen to them carefully, too. The next time, I approach the situation 48 : 英语试题 第5页 共8页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 “Ben, You’ re right— you have taken it out more than your 49 lately, and I 50 that. Since Abby isn't home, it often falls to you. I still need your help tonight, but I' ll make sure Abby 51 it if she's home.” “OK Mom,I' ll do it.” It turns out that his 52 was never truly about the chore(琐事) but about his intense belief in 53 . A simple parenting moment brought an unexpected lesson: give your child permission to be 54 and understand why he responds the way. The most powerful shifts in communication happen not when you speak louder, but when you listen 55 . 41. A. fault B. turn C. decision D. intention 42. A. managing B. waiting C. refusing D. expecting 43. A. difficult B. helpful C. careless D. silent 44. A. rested B. reflected C. wandered D. stretched 45. A. pleasure B. pride C. image D. truth 46. A. efficiently B. frequently C. slowly D. regularly 47. A. doubted B. ignored C. recognized D. imagined 48. A. differently B. anxiously C. coldly D. routinely 49. A. strength B. need C. limit D. share 50. A. appreciate B. record C. allow D. remember 51. A. talks about B. asks for C. thinks highly of D. takes care of 52. A. generosity B. resistance C. selfishness D. preference 53. A. honesty B. discipline C. faimess D. independence 54. A. directed B. praised C. heard D. protected 55. A. earlier B. longer C. quicker D. deeper 第二节(共 10 小题:每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As spring is starting to stir, Ye Liqin, a 38-year-old co-founder of a guesthouse in Songyang county, Zhejiang province, begins her annual practice. She kneads(揉) wild herbs into sticky rice dough, 56 (prepare) traditional Qingming cakes(Qingming guo), which have become both a 57 (season) offering and a gift to her guests. Dating back to ancient times when Qingming cakes 58 (use) as ceremonial offerings,they remain 59 essential part of the region's food culture. For Ye, who returned to her hometown in 2014 to start her business, Qingming cakes represent a link full of 60 (memory)to her childhood. As a young girl with no toys, helping her grandmother make these cakes was never a chore, but a joyful activity 61 bonded her with the older generation. “Our homemade Qingming cakes retain(保留) the roots and fibers of the plants,” she said, “they truly capture the essence of spring.” And she recalled how. the wild herbs, 62 (harvest)at exactly the right time, added a distinctive and natural flavor / For Ye, her family's practice of preserving the cakes carries an 63 (equal) profound meaning? This simple green bite carries the weight of generations. It stands 64 a quiet reminder to slow down, to taste the beauty of the season, 65 to honor the hands that have kept cultural heritage alive. 英语试题 第6页 共8页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 第三部分写作(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节(满分 15 分) 假定你是李华。你的外教 John为“Daily Exercise, Better Me”活动设计了三个图标。他向同学们征集意见。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.你最喜欢的图标。 2.你的原因。 2 3 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右。 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear John, Thanks for sharing your icon designs: for“Daily Exercise, Better Me”. Yours, Li Hua 英语试题 第7页 共8页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 第二节(满分 25 分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Sarah lived in a crowded neighbourhood. Grey seemed to be the only colour there. There were no parks for children. The air always smelled bad. From her window, Sarah had a constant view of an abandoned piece of land. The ground was covered with old tyres(轮胎), broken glass,and plastic bags. People called it“the dead yard”. No one cared about it. It . seemed impossible for anything beautiful to grow in such a dark place. There was nowhere to go, and no safe place for children to play. People just stayed inside their small apartments all day. Except for a quick“hello”, the neighbours rarely talked or visited each other. They lived so close, but they were so far apart. One. rainy Saturday, Sarah read an article about“Tiny Forests”. The article taught people how to make a real forest in a small city yard. It said if you planted many native trees very close together, their roots would help each other. They grew ten times faster than normal forests. These tiny forests could cool the busy streets, reduce noise, and bring back birds and butterflies. The article even gave a step-by-step guide to get permission from the city government. Sarah looked at the colourful photos of green leaves in the article. Then she looked down at“the dead yard”. The contrast was sharp and painful. She had a bold(大胆的) idea. She decided to turn this forgotten corner into a shared garden for the community. The journey was far from easy. After months of effort, Sarah finally received permission. Sarah was very excited. But when she walked into the dead yard, her smile stopped. She looked at the heavy tyres, the dirty metal, and the big mountain of rubbish. She realised that she could never finish this hard work alone. She turned to ask her neighbors for help. Unfortunately, few were willing to join. Most looked on doubtfully. Some even tried to discourage her.“Don't waste your time,” one neighbour said coldly.“This is the dead yard. Nothing can grow well here.” 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右。 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Ignoring their doubts, Sarah started to work on her own. More neighbours joined in and“the dead yard” slowly came alive. 英语试题 第8页 共8页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $