上海市七宝中学2024-2025学年高一第二学期5月考试英语试卷

2024学年高一第二学期5月考试英语试卷 Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension (25’) Section A (10’) Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. He used to be in good health. B. He was very handsome. C. He was somewhat fat. D. He looked older than his age. 2. A. Put some ice on her foot. B. See a doctor at once. C. Give her foot a good rest. D. Take the doctor’s advice. 3. A. Tell her daughter how to look after herself. B. Find an apartment for her daughter. C. Teach her daughter by herself. D. Allow her daughter to live on her own. 4. A. Take part in the game. B. Go to New York and Los Angeles. C. Watch the basketball game. D. Go out and visit some friends. 5. A. The man should make an apology to Mary. B. The man may talk to Mary directly. C. The man should forgive Mary for her behavior. D. The man shouldn’t always pull a long face. 6. A. She forgot to cancel the reservation. B. They can go to the restaurant tonight. C. She has to work late tonight. D. They don’t have a reservation. 7. A. The man agrees that the workload is heavy. B. The man won’t be able to go to the lab today. C. The man thinks the woman is being unfair. D. The man feels the assignment is reasonable. 8. A. Purchase some ingredients. B. Write down how to make the soup. C. Tell the man how to get to the supermarket. D. Check to see if the soup is ready. 9. A. The physics class is very difficult. B. The physics class is not given this term. C. The physics class is easier than the man thinks. D. The physics class should be cancelled if possible. 10. A. He has been satisfied with his military service. B. He has never been abroad. C. He has never talked about his experience in the Navy. D. He has been on a warship before. Section B (15’) Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one conversation. You will be asked three questions on each of the passages and four questions for the conversation. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. How early rising affects people’s mental health positively. B. How hard work gives people a good start in the morning. C. The good that early rising does to people’s daily work. D. The benefits of doing morning exercises every day. 12. A. Few distractions. B. The fresh air. C. A long interval of rest. D. A large amount of work. 13. A. They are mostly in good health. B. They can finish their work as planned. C. They take enough exercise in the morning. D. They are full of energy before going to bed. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. How a sport got its name. B. How a sport became popular. C. How a sport came into existence. D. How a sport endures in the world. 15. A. He discovered the standard rule of football. B. He broke the law and was caught. C. He ran with the ball in his hands. D. He won a prize for his school. 16. A. William Webb Ellis may not have been fined. B. The story about Rugby School may not be true. C. The early 1900s witnessed the changes in football rules. D. Association Football appeared later than Rugby Football. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. What we don’t know about brains. B. The structure of brains. C. Brains’ functions. D. Children’s brains. 18. A. The part that enables an infant to walk. B. The part that enables an infant to breathe. C. The part that enables an infant to learn things. D. The part that enables an infant to tell colours apart. 19. A. The kids performed better after they went to school. B. The kids had better senses of sight and hearing. C. The kids did better in mathematical tasks. D. The kids were more interested in maths. 20. A. It’s worthwhile to warn the parents although it will panic them as well. B. Some parts of the brain can be developed only when we are very young. C. Parents will feel sorry for the missed opportunities when their kids grow up. D. Parents may not be able to do much to help their kids learn to solve things. Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary (42’) Section A (12’) Directions: After reading the sentence or the passage, fill in the blanks by using the given word in the bracket to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. The Day When I Gave Up Smoking I thought everyone would be pleased, but one of my colleagues was absolutely angry, “What do you mean? If it was that easy, why didn’t you stop years ago?” I suppose my inability to explain (21) ________ one afternoon I had been a heavy smoker, and four hours later I was not, was faintly annoying. I find it curious myself. The stop-smoking session took place exactly two months and three weeks ago. I (22) ________ (not intend) to stop before attending the session. For one thing, I wholly hated the pressure from the anti-smoking fighter — and I still do. For another, I had low blood pressure and a long-living and healthy family. I did not cough or feel unwell and threw off colds (23) ________ (easily), it seemed to me, than friends with consciously healthier lifestyles. (24) ________ that unexceptional Thursday afternoon, I had simply gone along to the Birmingham session of The East Way to Stop Smoking to write an article about others trying (25) ________ (give) up. ‘I won’t stop myself. It wouldn’t be fair,’ I announced firmly. Since my motivation for being here is writing, not stopping, it would not be right to expect your method to work on me. I (26) ________ not have been more reasonable. After all, I positively enjoyed smoking, (27) ________ (offer) me real pleasure. I thought the counsellor looked at me rather knowingly. We were encouraged to smoke as much as we wished and most of the afternoon was conducted in a room so smoke-filled (28) ________ we had to open the windows. I noticed with interest that when I was told to smoke I was reluctant to do so — and so (29) ________ (be) the others. I suppose (30) ________ happened was that the stop-smoking messages made intellectual sense. Just as smoking itself had become a challenge in the face of opposition, so the concept of stopping began to feel attractive. The possibility of not being a smoker was beginning to make me feel powerful. It was a secret feeling that had nothing to do with anyone except (31) ________. Now I do miss my cigarettes, but not too much. Each ‘new’ experience as a non-smoker (32) ________ ________ be handled — eating out, waiting for an aeroplane, a theatre interval. All are key moments in which I would have previously smoked cigarettes. Section B (30’) Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the boxes. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. (A) A. builds B. resolve C. delight D. spotlights AB. anticipated AC. satisfying AD. relief BC. alerted BD. fuels CD. preserve ABC. initiate No spoilers, please! Ask any birder, and they’ll tell you about the thrill of identifying a new species. Recently a tapping sound outside a window (33) ________ one of us (Hsiung) to the presence of a striking, unfamiliar woodpecker in a nearby tree. Its head was huge with large red feathers, and it was huge — the size of a crow. Curious, she whipped out her phone app and soon became acquainted with the Pileated Woodpecker. Scientists have often seen curiosity as motivation to discover new information and to (34) ________ and facilitate learning. That framing suggests that curiosity is all about knowing — it drives us to find answers as soon as possible. In previous research, when people were able to choose whether to receive their highly (35) _________ answer to a question now or later, they generally opted for the fastest path to resolution. This impatience for answers aligns with what psychologists imagine as what (36) _________ curiosity: to reduce uncertainty. The state of not knowing or of recognizing a gap in your knowledge can be discomforting, like an itch that needs to be scratched. This feeling of uncertainty then motivates a search for information that, when obtained, is met with (37) _________ and satisfaction. But this picture of curiosity is incomplete. Consider how people watch a murder-mystery movie. As the tension (38) _________, viewers want to know the identity and the motive of the murderer — but unlike the desire to identify a strange new bird, most don’t feel the urge to reach for a phone and (39) _________ that curiosity. Instead, people savor the twists and turns of the plot as they gather more information. The desire to avoid premature resolution is so common that viewers explicitly label details in online conversations with “spoiler alerts” to help one another (40) _________ uncertainty. In a study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, we explored whether there are multiple flavors of curiosity. We found that although piquing interest can indeed drive an urgent desire for answers, it can also evoke more patience, setting people up for moments of discovery. Thinking about curiosity as going beyond the need for quick answers also (41) _________ the power of what happens when we engage with uncertainty: having to ponder and anticipate answers can improve learning and memory. Learning new things can be tough, but harnessing curiosity can help us savor the process of learning and (42) _________ in overcoming challenges as much as we like working out a detective story — all in due time. (B) A. just B. gap C. irrelevant D. company AB. evident AC. victim AD. typical BC. identify BD. address CD. alternative ABC. owed Most men and women feel that a dinner bill should be split down the middle, but how fair is this really? A new app aims to answer this question, and for others who fall (43) _________ to income inequality, by dividing the checkup according to each person’s socioeconomic background and gender. Equipay uses Bureau of Labor Statistics and math to calculate how much is (44) _________ from each person and if the diner protests, it will give you statistics about the wage (45) _________. Equipay helps you avoid the firm discrimination that exists in our society. “It doesn’t work out an equal split of the bill but a (n) (46) _________ one,” the company’s site says. “You pay what you should to balance out the wage diversity.” The app is the brainchild of Luna Malbroux, a diversity educator, who wanted to “make the sensitive subject” of socioeconomic and gender inequalities more (47) _________. The problem, though debated, is expected to catch people’s eye easily. “I hope that this, more than anything, starts a discussion and helps people to start thinking a little bit differently about how we can use technology and innovation to (48) _________ gender discrimination and wage inequality,” Malbroux said. The app has a built-in “diversity tool” that allows you to (49) _________ how diverse your friends really are, and the app also displays the level of income for each person. Type in the amount of the entire bill at the top, tip included, and the software will begin calculating the split based on who your (50) ________ is. Finally, it will show you the list again, but now with how much each person has to pay. Before paying your share, there is the (51) ________ to protest, in which the app will ask “what’s your excuse” and lists reasons for you to choose from. You can say “I was a middle child” or “I’m unaware of my privilege”. Equipay will find the best reply possible, whether it is facts regarding income differences or something seemingly (52) ________ but also makes you think twice before disagreeing with what you have to pay. Ⅲ. Cloze (30’) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. (A) You’re halfway through another magazine; another flood of words and numbers. What’s truly important? What’s 53 , even? Why couldn’t you get to the 54 you wanted straight away? The main problem with our information culture is not the availability of “facts”, but their 55 and relevance to you. We are 56 in news updates, phone-calls, emails, text messages, and their junk equivalent, so we find ourselves unable to identify the information we need to operate. This vast amount of information reduces the 57 of the mind, making it harder to concentrate on the facts that really matter. Average British people find themselves exposed to 2,500 advertising messages a day. We have too much information 58 us — more than we know what to do with. Occupational psychologist Cary Cooper recognizes that stress, RSI (Repetitive Strain Injury) and eye damage are all part of the problem we face. “It results in a lack of 59 well-being as it takes us away from other people,” he says. “We’re not maintaining our 60 . We live in an age where information, in various ways it’s delivered, is measured by volume rather than quality — the final word in style in contrast to 61 .” A number of 62 problems affect the modern worker, such as tiredness. When overload is severe, you live in a state of anxiety that you can’t meet ongoing demands to 63 more information. Dr. David Lewis, a psychologist and the author of the book, Information Overload. recognizes that the “large volume of information we have to deal with daily means that work 64 spills out into home life, our heads become full of data that we find it hard to sleep”. 65 , you get sick from enormous stress. As deadlines get tighter due to the speed of information, people always feel the information they have is out of date, hence self- 66 stress. Lewis refers to one financial director who installed a new system as it gave him a 100th of a second on his competitors; he’s also met a manager who rather cynically (嘲讽般地) referred to the fact that “there wasn’t always enough time to do something right, but always enough to do it again”. So is there a 67 ? Well, the information overload isn’t going away, so it’s vital that we become better at managing it. 53. A. new B. good C. true D. right 54. A. response B. evidence C. destination D. information 55. A. quality B. sufficiency C. usage D. volume 56. A. investing B. persisting C. engaging D. drowning 57. A. endurance B. alertness C. flexibility D. creativity 58. A. thrown at B. collected by C. adapted by D. gathered from 59. A. economic B. material C. mental D. physical 60. A. activities B. interests C. standards D. relationships 61. A. technology B. content C. medium D. skill 62. A. health B. security C. employment D. management 63. A. exchange B. process C. transfer D. seek 64. A. environment B. routine C. stress D. discipline 65. A. In particular B. For instance C. On the contrary D. As a result 66. A. imposed B. cured C. identified D. restricted 67. A. hope B. schedule C. solution D. need (B) Collecting your thoughts My husband, Brandon, has been collecting toys since the summer of 1996 when he was 17 years old. Like his toys, Brandon is in good (68) ________. An estimated 1 in 3 adults collects something, and research suggests the popular pastime could come with cognitive perks. Through a range of (69) ________ that scientists are still figuring out, collecting may enhance memory, forge new connections in the brain, and even trigger the body’s relaxation response. According to neuroscientist Shirley Mueller, collecting (70) ________ the pleasure center of the brain, but without the drawbacks of alcohol, gambling, or nicotine. “Collecting is a way to feel a sense of safety and (71) ________,” says Mueller, who is also the author of the book, Inside the Head of a Collector: Neuropsychological Forces at Play. “It’s a way for the collector to temporarily (72) ________ the burdens in their lives and find joy in the moment.” “While the (73) ________ to collect are varied, they typically revolve around developing a more positive sense of self,” says Brandon Schmeichel, a comic book collector and psychology professor at Texas A&M University. That distinguishes collecting from hoarding. With hoarding, stuff is acquired (74) ________. There’s no methodical consideration behind what is obtained. And instead of creating a sense of (75) ________, the behavior typically makes hoarders feel bad about themselves. But even collecting of the nonhoarding variety can be unhealthy. In the early 1990s, psychoanalyst (心理分析学家) Werner Muensterberger described collecting as an attempt to (76) ________ an emptiness resulting from childhood experiences. Decades earlier, Sigmund Freud viewed the practice as a form of regression (倒退), or as a means of (77) ________ one’s fears. “Collectors are drawn to collecting as a means of (78) ________ the self by setting up goals that are (79) ________, attainable, and provide the collector with concrete feedback of progress,” Schmeichel reports in a paper published in Leisure Sciences. “It also (80) ________ people’s need to seek challenge.” And unlike more nebulous (模糊的) goals, collecting is a more factual one. Brandon can peruse (仔细查看) the items in our garage and see just how far he has come since that first acquisition in college. (He now has 21 Obi-Wan figures.) In fact, many collectors say their top (81) ________ to collect is to gain a sense of skill, success, or competence. No matter the motivation for collecting, there’s no disputing that the activity can offer collectors a feeling of (82) ________, or of certainty in uncertain times. 68. A. taste B. condition C. company D. humor 69. A. processes B. outcomes C. systems D. mechanisms 70. A. identifies B. feeds C. trains D. creates 71. A. emptiness B. comfort C. responsibility D. chaos 72. A. let go of B. come up with C. take up D. shed light on 73. A. abilities B. methods C. motivations D. chances 74. A. routinely B. disorderly C. subconsciously D. indiscriminately 75. A. self-worth B. self-reliance C. self-discipline D. self-awareness 76. A. fill B. store C. mend D. repair 77. A. generating B. controlling C. analyzing D. triggering 78. A. building B. recognizing C. puzzling D. encouraging 79. A. peculiar B. collective C. tangible D. infinite 80. A. takes over B. taps into C. kicks off D. looks into 81. A. motive B. priority C. demand D. concern 82. A. resilience B. confidence C. loneliness D. commitment Ⅳ. Reading Comprehension (38’) Section A (30’) Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Women have all but caught up with men at knocking back alcohol, a global study of drinking habits shows. The analysis of 4 million people, born between 1891 and 2001, showed that men used to be far more likely to drink and have resulting health problems. But the current generation has pretty much closed the gap, the BMJ Open report says. The changing roles of men and women in society partly explain the move towards drinking equivalent. The study showed that in people born in the early 1900s, men were: More than twice as likely as women to drink alcohol at all (2.2 times) Three times as likely to drink to problematic levels And 3.6 times as likely to develop health problems from drinking, such as liver cirrhosis But over the following decades, the gap closed so that for those born at the end of the century men were only: A smidge-1.1 times-as likely as women to drink alcohol at all A much lower 1.2 times as likely to drink to problematic levels And 1.3 times as likely to develop health problems from drinking The team at the University of New South Wales, in Australia, analyzed data from people all over the world and concluded: “Alcohol use and alcohol-use disorders have historically been viewed as a male phenomenon.” “The present study calls this assumption into question and suggests that young women, in particular, should be the target of joint efforts to reduce the impact of substance use and related harms.” Prof Mark Petticrew, from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, said: “Men’s and women’s roles have been changing over the decades; this is likely to account for some of these trends — but not all.” “The increasing availability of alcohol also plays an important part, as does the way that alcohol marketing is often targeted specifically at women and particularly young women.” Health professionals need to help the public —both men and women — to understand the health risks of alcohol consumption, and how to reduce those risks. 83. According to this article, we can learn that _________. A. In the 1900s, women are forbidden to drink for the inferior social status. B. In 2000, women consume almost the same amount of alcohol as men do. C. Women are unlikely to develop health problem because of drinking. D. In history, alcohol-abuse has always been a problem of women. 84. Why did the study suggest that women should avoid excessive drinking? A. Harms to their health. B. Unfavorable social status. C. Threats to the alcohol market. D. Serious family conflicts. 85. What is NOT the reason for the huge growth of women’s drinking habit? A. Changing of the social roles between men and women has taken place. B. Alcohol is becoming more available to women nowadays. C. Society has advocated that women should have the equality in drinking. D. Women have been the target of the market strategy. 86. What’s the best title of this article? A. Alcohol protects women from sexual discrimination. B. Immediate action should be taken to stop women drinking. C. Women nearing equality with men-in alcohol consumption. D. Alcohol deaths in young women on rise. (B) As a Visa student cardholder, you can gain exclusive benefits when you use your card to book a flight with us between 13 June and 31 October. By using the promo code QRCNVISA on qatarairways.com, or our convenient app, you will receive a host of additional rewards. Be sure to sign up for our Student Club to qualify for extra baggage allowance when you check in.* Benefits*: • 10% saving on Economy and Business Class bookings • One complimentary flight change • 10kg extra baggage allowance • Qatar Duty Free vouchers worth QAR 50 for Economy Class passengers and QAR 100 for Premium passengers In addition, you can join our lucky draw to win the surprise. The winner will be announced via our official Weibo account. • Designated flight section upgrade: one winner (2 in total) will be born on each flight originating from Hangzhou and Guangzhou to get the upgrade. • Doha Hamad International Airport Lounge Voucher: two winners (4 in total) will be selected from each flight originating from Hangzhou and Guangzhou to get the voucher. * Terms and conditions apply. Your exclusive benefits include: Savings with every booking Get 10% off when you join, 15% off after your first journey & 20% off after your second & third trips. Enhanced flexibility Enjoy booking options including one complimentary date change for yourself & your Student Companions. Extra baggage allowance Take more with you on each trip. Carry an additional 10kg or one more piece depending on your route. Complimentary onboard Wi-Fi Book on qatarairways.com or our mobile app to stay connected throughout your journeys with us. Companion Pass Share your benefits when pre-selecting family members or inviting friends to be Student Companions. Tier upgrade Fly at least once a year as a Student Club member & fast-track your Privilege Club tier when graduating. 87. What benefit can a Visa student cardholder get according to the passage? A. 10% saving on Economy Class booking all year around. B. 10kg extra baggage allowance without any registration. C. Discounted duty-free products on the flight. D. Lucky chances to be upgraded to the first class. 88. What can we learn about the lucky draw? A. Winners will receive notifications on qatarairways.com B. Two winners will get the upgrade on the flight from Doha Hamad. C. Two winners can share their benefits with their companions before boarding. D. Lucky draw conditions don’t apply to the flight departing from Shanghai. 89. Which of the statement is NOT included in the exclusive benefits? A. Change flight for your student companions free of charge once. B. Fast-upgrade your Privilege Club class before graduation. C. Have access to free Wi-Fi service by booking online. D. Reduce worries about excess baggage to some extent. (C) The number of devices you can talk to is multiplying — first it was your phone, then your car, and now you can boss around your appliances. Children are likely to grow up thinking everything is sentient, or at least interactive: One app developer told The Washington Post that after interacting with Amazon’s Alexa, his kid started talking to coasters. But even without chatty gadgets, research suggests that under certain circumstances, people anthropomorphize everyday products. We personify things because we’re lonely. In one experiment, people who reported feeling isolated were more likely than others to give free will and consciousness to various devices. In turn, feeling attached to objects can reduce loneliness. When college students were reminded of a time they’d been excluded socially, they made up by lying about their number of friends on social networks — unless they were first given tasks that caused them to interact with their phone as if it had human qualities. The phone apparently stood in for real friends. When we personify products, they become harder to cast off. After being asked to evaluate their car’s personality, people were less likely to say they intended to replace it soon. And anthropomorphizing objects is associated with a tendency to accumulate. So how do people assign characteristics to an object? In part, we rely on looks. On humans, wide faces are associated with dominance. Similarly, people rated cars, clocks, and watches with wide faces as more dominant-looking than narrow-faced ones, and preferred them — especially in competitive situations. An analysis of car sales in Germany found that cars with grilles (格栅) that were upturned like smiles and headlights that were slanted (倾斜的) like narrowed eyes sold best. The purchasers saw these features as increasing a car’s friendliness and aggressiveness, respectively. It’s little wonder so many companies use mascots (吉祥物) to bring brands to life. An analysis of 1,151 brand characters found symbols that were human or humanlike to be common. Personifying products and brands can backfire, however. When a coffee maker was anthropomorphized in an ad (“I am Aroma” versus just “Aroma”), consumers felt betrayed by increases in its price. Now that speech-enabled coffee makers are on the market, maybe the machines can sweet-talk their way back into consumers’ hearts. 90. The word “anthropomorphize” (in paragraph 1) most probably means ________. A. think highly of something B. find a better way to rate something C. see something as humans D. use something as often as possible 91. For the college students, the interaction with the phone served as a reminder that ________. A. they were not lonely B. they needed real friends C. the phone had human qualities D. the phone was not always necessary 92. The writer mentions an analysis of car sales in Germany in order to ________. A. show that friendliness is better received than aggressiveness B. highlight that a symbol looking like a smile appeals more to people C. explain why so many companies use mascots to promote their brands D. illustrate that people will judge something according to its appearance 93. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Consumers should know more about a product before it is on the market. B. Products with a mascot are more likely to win consumers’ hearts. C. Increases in a product’s price may be accepted with a good ad. D. The personification of a product may not always work. (D) It is a common misconception that geology is “just” about rocks. True, geologists are trained to read what rocks tell us about Earth’s past, present and possible future structure and evolution. But, as I will explain as part of this year’s Royal Institution Christmas Lectures, geological processes and climate are closely linked. Numerous complex physical and chemical links and feedbacks exist between Earth’s surface and subsurface rocks, its atmosphere, oceans and ice caps and life in all these places. Volcanic eruptions bring carbon from deep within the planet to the surface and the air, enhancing the green-house effect. In contrast, weathering of exposed rocks at the surface and the action of shell-forming animals in the oceans remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, reducing global warming. The rocks and fossils (化石) in the geological record bear witness to these processes, showing us that Earth’s climate has changed continually since the planet formed around 4.6 million years ago. This same record also shows that atmospheric CO2 is at its highest level in at least the past 3 million years, and that the current pace of planetary warming is never before seen in Earth’s history. The geological record can also be used to assess the accuracy of complex numerical models used to predict future climate and its impact on Earth’s habitability. Geology has improved our understanding of global warming and hopefully will help us to reduce it. There is an irony to that, given geologists play a role in locating and exploiting climate-heating fossil fuels. Now, more than ever, our discipline needs to fully adopt the concept of “sustainable geoscience”. This isn’t a new idea and nor is it limited to climate change. The many and varied historical contributions of geology to tackling some of our greatest societal challenges can be seen by looking at the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. To name just a couple of examples, geologists study the origin, natural transportation and behaviour of pollutants like arsenic and lead, critical to the provision of safe and reliable water supplies, and they explore the origin of natural hazards such as landslides and earthquakes, and so help strengthen communities across the world. But geologists must redouble their engagement with other scientists and politicians to develop and ultimately help apply solutions to the many environmental and resource challenges we face. Students of geology should be made aware of the broader contributions their multidisciplinary skill set can make to global well-being, beyond just energy provision — although ensuring energy supply, we should not forget, supports many of the Sustainable Development Goals. 94. The examples of volcanic eruptions and the weathering of rocks are intended to ________. A. demonstrate what geological activities geologists mainly study B. highlight the importance of studying volcanic activity in geology C. illustrate the enormous and destructive power of geological processes D. show the dynamic interactions between geological activities and climate 95. In the sentence “There is an irony to that”, the irony refers to ________. A. the profession’s role in both causing and solving global warming B. sustainable geoscience’s unexpected popularity across various fields C. the disagreement between geological records and current climate models D. geologists’ focus on energy provision which goes against their original goal 96. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? A. Energy supply is in critical shortage. B. Geologists are able to work across various fields. C. Pollutants spread far and wide due to modern transportation. D. Fossil fuel exploitation does not contribute to climate change. 97. What is the main point the author is making in the passage? A. Geologists primarily study rocks to understand Earth’s climate. B. Climate models are often inaccurate without the geological record. C. Geology is crucial for addressing global challenges beyond the study of rocks. D. The field of geology focuses on exploiting fossil fuels and studying climate change. Section B (8’) Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A. Clear solutions already exist for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. B. Despite this, how our dietary choices affect climate change is often underestimated. C. Food, especially livestock, also takes up a lot of room. D. In developed countries, vegetarianism would bring all sorts of environmental and health benefits. AB. No matter how much their meat-loving friends might deny it, vegetarians have a point: cutting out meat delivers multiple benefits. AC. Though a relatively small increase in agricultural land, this would more than make up for the loss of meat. What Would Happen if the World Suddenly Went Vegetarian? People become vegetarians for a variety of reasons. Some do it to make animal suffering less severe, others because they want to pursue a healthier lifestyle. Still others wish to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. 98 And the more who make the switch, the more those benefits would appear on a global scale. Andrew Jarvis and other experts at Colombia’s International Centre for Tropical Agriculture carried out researches to see what might happen if meat dropped off the planet’s menu overnight. First, they examined climate change. Food production accounts for one-quarter to one-third of all greenhouse gas emissions from human activities worldwide, and the worst responsibility for those numbers falls to the livestock industry. 99 In the US, for example, an average family of four produces more greenhouse gases because of the meat they eat than from driving two cars — but it is cars, not steaks, that regularly come up in discussions about global warming. 100 Of the world’s approximately 12 billion acres of agricultural land, 68% is devoted to livestock. Should we all go vegetarian, ideally we would give at least 80% of that pastureland (牧场) to the restoration of grasslands and forests, which would capture carbon and further relieve climate change. The remaining 10 to 20% of former pastureland could be used for growing more crops to fill gaps in the food supply. 101 That’s because one-third of the land currently used for crops is given to producing food for livestock — not for humans. Ⅴ. Translation (15’ = 3’*5) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 102．这是她第一次申请奖学金出国留学。（apply） 103．记得提醒经理用奖金奖励员工的辛勤工作。（remind） 104．尽管有证据，父母仍然不相信他能转入理想的专业。（convince） 105．新成立的小组被委以重任，负责制定应对网络攻击的措施。（task） 106．为了纪念这位已故科学家对科学研究的贡献，人们举行了一场盛大的仪式。（honor） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $