Unit 2 暑假预习-课文讲解2026-2027学年沪教版英语九年级上册

九年级上册学习（2026年）1 学生 时段 日期 课题 九年级上册U2学习（沪教新版） Unit 2课文学习 Archimedes and the golden crown 一.《Archimedes and the golden crown》段落布局结构分析 段落 1（开端：故事起因） 原文：One day in the ancient Greek city of Syracuse...find out the truth. 作用：交代人物（希罗国王、金匠、阿基米德）、事件背景；抛出核心矛盾 —— 国王怀疑王冠不是纯金，委托阿基米德查明真相。 功能：设置故事悬念，引出全文主线问题。 段落 2（发展 1：阿基米德陷入难题） 原文：“This problem seems difficult to solve. What should I do?” thought Archimedes. 作用：描写人物心理，写出阿基米德百思不得其解，为后文灵感出现做铺垫，制造情节起伏。 段落 3（发展 2：关键转折点，灵感来源） 原文：Archimedes was still thinking about this problem...“I know how to solve the king’s problem!” 作用：全文核心转折段落，生活场景（洗澡溢水）触发灵感，推动情节向前，是阅读高频细节出题段。 段落 4— 段落 6（高潮：完整实验过程，分三步叙事） 第 4 段：First 步骤 —— 称重，取同等重量黄金（实验准备） 第 5 段：Next 步骤 —— 黄金入水，记录溢水量（对照实验组） 第 6 段：Then 步骤 —— 王冠入水，溢水更多（对比，出现证据） 作用：用 First/Next/Then 连接，清晰分步骤写实验，条理清晰，说明文式叙事，常考排序类阅读题。 段落 7（高潮收尾：揭秘推理） 原文：“Look at this,” said Archimedes to King Hiero...not completely made of gold. 作用：阿基米德向国王解释科学原理，点明实验结论，完成核心解谜。 段落 8（结尾：故事结局） 原文：“The crown maker fooled me...praised Archimedes for his clever discovery. 作用：交代人物最终下场（金匠入狱）、国王态度转变、升华人物 —— 阿基米德善于观察思考。 、 二、全文重点长难句分析 长难句 1 原句：Later, however, he began to doubt whether it was a real golden crown. 1) 句子分层 主句：he began to doubt 宾语从句：whether it was a real golden crown（whether 引导宾语从句，表 “是否”） 2) 翻译 但后来，他开始怀疑这顶王冠是不是纯金打造的。 3) 核心考点 ① whether 引导宾语从句，陈述语序；可与 if 互换，但介词后只能用 whether； ② begin to do sth 开始做某事 长难句 2 原句：Archimedes was still thinking about this problem as he filled his bath with water. 1) 句子分层 主句：Archimedes was still thinking about this problem 时间状语从句：as he filled his bath with water（as=when，当…… 的时候） 2) 翻译 阿基米德一边往浴缸放水，一边还在思索这个难题。 3) 语法 & 短语考点 ① 过去进行时 was thinking，描述过去某刻正在做的事； ② fill … with … 用…… 装满（U2 核心短语，完形必考）； ③ as 引导时间状语从句，区别 because/although。 长难句 3 原句：Archimedes went straight to the palace to see the king. First, he weighed the crown and asked the king for some gold of the same weight. 1) 句子分层 主干 1：Archimedes went straight to the palace；不定式 to see the king 作目的状语 主干 2：he weighed the crown and asked the king for some gold；of the same weight 后置定语修饰 gold 2) 翻译 阿基米德径直前往王宫觐见国王。首先，他称了王冠的重量，并向国王索要同等重量的黄金。 3) 考点 ① go straight to 直奔； ask sb. for sth 向某人索要某物； ② 不定式 to do 表目的； ③ the same + 名词 同等的…… 长难句 4 原句：A crown made completely of gold displaces less water than a crown made of gold and another metal. 1) 句子分层 主句：A crown displaces less water than a crown 后置定语：made completely of gold /made of gold and another metal（过去分词作后置定语，修饰 crown） 比较状语：than 引导比较级 2) 翻译 一顶完全由黄金打造的王冠，排出的水量少于混有其他金属的王冠。 3) 核心考点 ① be made of 由…… 制成（成品能看出原材料）；区分 be made from； ② 过去分词作后置定语； ③ less + 不可数名词 更少…… 比较级结构。 长难句 5 原句：This crown displaced more water than gold of the same weight, so I know it’s definitely not completely made of gold. 1) 句子分层 分句 1：This crown displaced more water than gold of the same weight 并列连词 so 引导结果状语：so I know 宾语从句：(that) it’s definitely not completely made of gold（that 可省略） 2) 翻译 这顶王冠排出的水比同等重量纯金排出的更多，所以我断定它绝非纯金打造。 3) 考点 1　 so 表因果，不能与 because 连用； 2　 宾语从句 that 省略； 3　 more 比较级； 4　 be made of 固定搭配。 长难句 6 原句：The crown maker fooled me, didn’t he? What a bad man he is! 1) 句子分层 前半句：反意疑问句 前肯后否 The crown maker fooled me, didn’t he? 后半句：what 引导感叹句 What a bad man he is! 2) 翻译 这个金匠欺骗了我，不是吗？他真是个坏人！ 3) 中考核心语法 ① 反意疑问句：实义动词过去式 fooled，疑问部分用 didn’t； ② what 引导感叹句：What + a/an + adj. + 单数名词！ 三、配套分层课堂练习题 练习 1 单词短语基础填空 选词框：fancy, satisfy, doubt, truth, fill…with, run over, straight, displace, fool, praise 1. The king ordered a ________ golden crown from the craftsman. 2. At first, King Hiero was ________ with the crown. 3. He began to ________ if the crown was all gold. 4. Archimedes wanted to find out the ________. 5. Don’t ________ the little boy; tell him the real answer. 6. When you ________ the bath ________ water, don’t let the water ________. 7. Archimedes went ________ to the palace after he got the idea. 8. Different metals ________ different amounts of water. 9. The king ________ Archimedes for his smart idea in the end. 练习 2 语法专项 ( )1. He doubted ____ the crown was made of pure gold. A. what B. whether C. that ( )2. Archimedes was thinking ____ he filled the bathtub. A. as B. if C. so ( )3. This kind of metal displaces ____ water than pure gold. A. little B. less C. fewer ( )4. The man fooled the king, ____? A. didn’t he B. did he C. wasn’t he ( )5. He went to the palace ____ tell the king his discovery. A. tell B. to tell C. telling ( )6. The cup ____ glass can hold less water. A. made of B. make of C. making of ( )7. He found out the truth, ____ the king sent the liar to prison. A. because B. so C. but ( )8. ____ clever discovery Archimedes made! A. What a B. How C. What 练习 3 中考阅读客观选择题 ( )1. Why did King Hiero send the crown to Archimedes? A. He wanted Archimedes to weigh the crown B. He doubted the crown was not all made of gold C. He asked Archimedes to make a new crown ( )2. Where did Archimedes get his great idea? A. In the palace B. In the bath C. In the bowl ( )3. What did Archimedes use to test the crown? A. Pots, bowls, water and gold of same weight B. Bath, lamp and mirror C. Some old science books and a poem about eclipse ( )4. Why did the crown displace more water? A. It was heavier than pure gold B. It mixed other metals besides gold C. It was bigger than the gold block ( )5. What happened to the crown maker in the end? A. The king praised him B. He was sent to prison C. He made another golden crown 练习 4 同义句转换 1) Later, he started to question if the crown was real gold. = Later, he began to ________ whether it was a crown ________ completely ________ gold. 2) Archimedes filled the bath with water. = The bath ________ ________ water by Archimedes. 3) The crown displaced more water than pure gold, so the king knew the truth. = The king knew the truth ________ the crown displaced more water than pure gold. 4) The clever idea surprised the king. = The king ________ ________ by the clever discovery. 练习 5 书面表达（80 词左右） 写作题目：A Clever Thinker — Archimedes 写作要求包含要点： 1. 背景：国王怀疑王冠非纯金，交给阿基米德验证； 2. 灵感：洗澡时看到水溢出，想到实验方法； 3. 实验过程：同等重量黄金与王冠放入水中，王冠排出更多水； 4. 结局：揭穿金匠骗局，国王称赞阿基米德善于思考。 _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ U2 课文 Archimedes and the golden crown 课后作业 学生姓名：________ 得分：________ 一、基础单词短语过关。 1. 根据中文写出英文 1) 精致的 ____________ 2) 使满意 ____________ 3) 怀疑 v. ____________ 4) 真相 ____________ 5) 装满 ____________ 6) 溢出 ____________ 7) 径直地 ____________ 8) 排出（水）____________ 9) 欺骗 ____________ 10) 表扬 ____________ 2. 短语填空（正确变形） fill…with; find out; go straight to; of the same weight; displace 1) I want to ________ the answer to this problem. 2) Please ________ the bottle ________ clean water. 3) After class, please ________ the office and hand in your homework. 4) The gold block and the crown are ________ ________ ________. 5) Different metals ________ different volumes of water. 二、长难句专项训练。 1. 划分句子成分（主句、从句、状语、定语）并翻译 1) Later, however, he began to doubt whether it was a real golden crown. 2) Archimedes was still thinking about this problem as he filled his bath with water. 3) A crown made completely of gold displaces less water than a crown made of gold and another metal. 4) This crown displaced more water than gold of the same weight, so I know it’s definitely not completely made of gold. 5) The crown maker fooled me, didn’t he? What a bad man he is! 2. 同义句转换 1) He doubted if the crown was all golden. = He ________ whether the crown ________ completely ________ gold. 2) Archimedes used water to test the crown. = The crown ________ ________ by Archimedes with water. 3) The crown mixed other metals, so it ran over more water. = It ran over more water ________ the crown had other metals in it. 4) Archimedes found the clever way, and the king praised him. = The king ________ Archimedes ________ his clever discovery. 三、阅读理解。 ( )1. What’s the king’s trouble at first? A. He didn’t have enough gold to make a crown B. He was unsure if his crown was totally made of gold C. He wanted to learn Archimedes’ experiment ( )2. What gave Archimedes the idea to solve the problem? A. Water running over when he got into bath B. The two pots and bowls in the palace C. The prince’s words about the crown ( )3. What step did Archimedes do first in his test? A. Put the crown into the water pot B. Weigh the crown and get same-weight gold C. Send the crown maker to prison ( )4. Why was the crown maker sent to prison? A. He wasted lots of pure gold B. He cheated the king by mixing other metals in the crown C. He refused to explain his craft to Archimedes ( )5. What can we learn about Archimedes from the story? A. He was good at thinking and solving problems B. He only liked playing with water at home C. He hated all crown makers in the city 四、语法单项选择。 ( )1. I doubt ____ this plan can work well. A. that B. whether C. what ( )2. ____ I was reading, my mum was cooking dinner. A. As B. So C. Because ( )3. This toy ____ wood is lighter than that one. A. makes of B. made of C. making of ( )4. You finished all your work, ____? A. didn’t you B. did you C. weren’t you ( )5. The box holds ____ water than that big bucket. A. little B. less C. fewer 五、书面表达。 题目：A Clever Thinker — Archimedes 写作要点： 1. 背景：国王怀疑王冠非纯金，交给阿基米德验证； 2. 灵感：洗澡时看到水溢出，想到实验方法； 3. 实验过程：同等重量黄金与王冠放入水中，王冠排出更多水； 4. 结局：揭穿金匠骗局，国王称赞阿基米德善于思考。 _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________- 参考答案： 三、配套分层课堂练习题答案 练习 1 单词短语基础填空 1. fancy 2. satisfied 3. doubt 4. truth 5. fool 6. fill; with; run over 7. straight 8. displace 9. praised 练习 2 语法专项 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.A 练习 3 中考阅读客观选择题 1.B 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.B 练习 4 同义句转换 1. doubt; made; of 2. was filled with 3. because 4. was surprised U2 课后作业完整答案 一、基础单词短语过关 1 根据中文写出英文 1. fancy 2) satisfy 3) doubt 4) truth 2. fill…with 6) run over 7) straight 8) displace 3. fool 10) praise 2 短语填空 1. find out 2. fill; with 3. go straight to 4. of the same weight 5. displace 二、长难句专项训练 同义句转换 1. doubted; was; made of 2. was tested 3. because 4. praised; for 三、阅读理解 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.A 四、语法单项选择 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B 书面表达参考范文 A Clever Thinker — Archimedes King Hiero ordered a fancy golden crown from a craftsman. At first he was satisfied with it, but later he began to doubt whether it was completely made of gold. He sent the crown to Archimedes to find out the truth. One day, when Archimedes filled his bath with water, water ran over as he stepped in. He suddenly got a great idea. He prepared gold of the same weight as the crown and did an experiment. He put gold and the crown into two pots full of water separately. The crown displaced more water than pure gold. This proved the crown maker fooled the king. Finally, the liar was sent to prison and the king praised Archimedes for his clever mind. 2026年九年级上册一对一讲义1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $