摘要:
该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了仁爱版九年级上册U1“过去与现在”主题的核心内容。从communication、living conditions等主题词汇出发,整合used to do sth、have the chance to do sth等动词短语,明确What was...like in the past?等高频句型,进而掌握一般过去时与现在完成时的语法应用,形成从词汇到句型再到语法的学习支架。
知识链路按“主题词汇-动词短语-句型结构-语法解析-对话应用”逻辑展开,配套音频跟读、图片匹配、填空练习等活动。通过对比过去与现在的生活变化,提升语言理解与表达能力,培养对比分析的思维品质,同时知识点汇总与语法标注助力学生掌握系统学习方法,适合课堂教学与自主巩固。
内容正文:
仁爱版九年级英语上册U1核心短语整理
Listening&Speaking
一、课文翻译
Listening & Speaking 听与说
The past vs the present 过去与现在
Activity 1
A. Match the words and phrases (a–f) with the pictures at the top of the next page.
翻译:将单词和短语(a-f)与下一页顶部的图片匹配。
a. communication 通讯,交流
b. living conditions 生活条件
c. transportation 交通
d. leisure activities 休闲活动
e. education 教育
f. medical treatment 医疗
B. Fill in each blank with a suitable word or phrase above.
翻译:用上面合适的单词或短语填空。
1. Public transportation used to be slow and difficult, but now it’s fast and easy.
翻译:过去公共交通缓慢又不便,但如今快捷方便。
2. In the past, few children had the chance to receive education, but now all children can go to school for free.
翻译:过去很少孩子有机会接受教育,但现在所有孩子都能免费上学。
3. There were very few hospitals in the past. Now, there are many modern hospitals, and medical treatment has greatly improved.
翻译:过去医院寥寥无几。如今现代化医院众多,医疗水平大幅提升。
4. People could only write letters or make phone calls in the past, but now they can get in touch so easily through modern communication.
翻译:过去人们只能写信、打电话,但现在依靠现代通讯,联络十分便捷。
5. Leisure activities in the past were simple and people had few choices, but now, the activities have become colorful.
翻译:过去休闲活动单调、选择稀少,如今各类活动丰富多彩。
6. Living conditions have improved from small and crowded houses to big and comfortable homes.
翻译:生活条件改善了,人们从狭小拥挤的房屋住进宽敞舒适的家。
C. Pair work. Listen and repeat, and then replace the parts in bold and practice with your partner.
翻译:结对练习。听录音跟读,替换加粗部分,和搭档对话练习。
- What was communication like in the past?
过去的通讯是什么样的?
- It was slow and difficult, and people could only write letters or make phone calls.
缓慢又不方便,人们只能写信、打电话。
- What has changed about communication nowadays?
如今通讯发生了哪些变化?
- We can get in touch so easily through modern communication. It has become quick and easy.
依靠现代通讯,我们联络十分轻松,变得快捷便利。
二、核心单词及短语
名词
1. communication 通讯,交流
2. living conditions 生活条件
3. public transportation 公共交通
4. leisure activities 休闲活动
5. medical treatment 医疗
6. receive education 接受教育
7. modern communication 现代通讯
动词短语
1. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
2. have the chance to do sth. 有机会做某事
3. for free 免费
4. get in touch 取得联系
5. through modern communication 通过现代通讯
6. greatly improved 大幅改善
7. few choices 很少的选择
8. become colorful 变得丰富多彩
9. small and crowded houses 狭小拥挤的房子
10. big and comfortable homes 宽敞舒适的住所
三、高频句型短语
1. What was ... like in the past? 过去……是什么样子?
2. What has changed about ... nowadays? 如今……发生了什么变化?
Function
一、对话精讲(对话主题:城市与乡村生活变化)
1. 开篇询问搬迁时间
核心句型:when did you move here
语法标注:一般过去时,用于询问过去发生的动作
翻译:你什么时候搬到这儿来的?
配套答句:Three months ago.
补充知识点: ago 是一般过去时标志性时间词,意为“……之前”
翻译:三个月前。
2. 回忆从前乡下生活
句子:I remember you lived in the countryside with your grandparents.
语法解析:此处lived为动词过去式,完整同义问句:Did you live in the countryside with your grandparents?
翻译:我记得你从前和爷爷奶奶住在乡下。
对应问答规则:过去时一般疑问句肯定回答 Yes, I did. 否定回答 No, I didn't.
3. 现在完成时:询问长辈是否一同迁居
句型:Have your grandparents moved here with you, too?
语法标注:现在完成时,侧重询问动作是否已经完成
翻译:你的爷爷奶奶也和你一起搬到这里来了吗?
回答原文拆解:No, they don’t like the busy and crowded city. They prefer their quiet and simple life in the countryside.
翻译:没有,他们不喜欢繁忙拥挤的城市。他们更喜欢乡下安静、简朴的生活。
拓展理解:prefer 动词,意为“更喜欢”,暗含两相比较的含义。
玲玲宽慰句:Well, you can visit them anytime.
翻译:没关系,你随时都可以回去看望他们。
配套常考句型:It’s very easy to go there by bus now.
核心语法:固定句型 It's +形容词 + to do sth(做某事是……的)
翻译:是啊,现在坐公交去那边特别方便。
4. 重点考点短语 get used to(适应)
问句:have you got used to the life in the city?
语法标注:现在完成时
翻译:对了,你适应城里的生活了吗?
学生回答:No, I haven’t. It’s quite different here and maybe I need some more time.
翻译:还没有。这里的生活差别太大了,或许我还需要再多一点时间适应。
5. 高频固定搭配 be happy to do sth
原句:I’ll be happy to help.
同义替换:be glad to do sth,含义:很高兴做某事
语境翻译:别担心,如果你遇到任何难处,我都很乐意帮忙。
配套夸赞人物经典句型:It’s so nice of you to say that.
翻译:谢谢你!你能这么说真的太好了。
句型结构总结:It’s +形容人品格的形容词 + of sb. to do sth.
6. 短语 get around 四处游览、闲逛
问句:Have you got around in the city?
语法标注:现在完成时
翻译:你在这座城市四处逛过了吗?
核心短语:be busy with sth 忙于某事;同义结构 be busy doing sth 忙着做某事
对应原文:Not yet. I have been busy with my studies.
翻译:还没有。我一直忙着我的学业。
7. There be 句型 + 提建议句型
基础句型:There’s a new sports center.
语法考点:There be 句型,表示“某地存在某物”
提建议固定句式:How about going swimming together this weekend?
等价替换:What about doing sth
关键要点:about 为介词,后面动词必须加-ing
翻译:新开了一家体育中心。咱们这周末一起去游泳怎么样?
回应:Sounds great! 听起来太棒了!
二、知识点汇总
常考短语
1. three months ago 三个月前(一般过去时标志词)
2. live in the countryside 住在乡下
(live with sb 和某人居住在一起)
3. move here 搬到这里
4. by bus 乘坐公交车(交通方式,不加冠词)
5. by the way 顺便说一下(口语过渡短语)
6. get used to sth. 习惯于某物/某事(to 是介词,后接名词/动名词doing)
(use… to do sth 使用…做某事)
7. quite different 差别很大
(be different from 与…不同)
8. be busy with sth. 忙于某事
(be busy doing sth 忙着做某事)
9. get around 四处走动,四处逛逛
(show sb around 领某人参观)
10. how about doing sth. 做某事怎么样?(提建议句型)
句型语法解析
1. 一般过去时(询问过去动作)
When did you move here? 你什么时候搬来的?
结构:特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形
2. 现在完成时(全文核心时态)
一般疑问句式:Have + 主语 + 过去分词 …?
例:Have you got used to city life? 你适应城市生活了吗?
否定简略回答:Not yet. 还没有。
3. 提建议句型
How about going swimming together this weekend?
这周末一起去游泳怎么样?
要点:about 后动词必须用-ing形式。
How about=What about
4. 夸赞人物品质固定句型
It’s so nice of you to say that. 你能这么说真好。
结构:It’s + 形容人品格的形容词 + of sb. to do sth.
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