专题02 动词和动词短语（复习讲义）（天津专用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语高考复习讲义聚焦动词及动词短语核心考点，依据高考命题趋势构建“命题透视-思维建模-考点精讲-真题溯源”系统框架，通过考情分析明确考查方向，知识梳理搭建体系，解题方法指导突破语境辨析难点，真题训练强化应用，实现复习的针对性与系统性。 特色在于创新“语境定位-搭配排除-语义辨析”三步解题法，结合动词短语“核心含义记忆+场景适配”策略，如辨析put短语时引导学生关联“方向/状态”快速判断，培养语言能力与思维品质。分层设置模拟题与真题训练，保障复习效率，助力学生提升应考能力，为教师把控节奏提供清晰指导。

专题02 动词和动词短语 内容导航 01 命题透视·考情前瞻 对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 02 思维建模·脉络梳理 搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 03 考点精讲·靶向突破 拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 04 真题溯源·考向感知 溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 命题透视·考情前瞻 ——对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 核心考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 2022年 2021年 动词 首考6 首考9，二考8 首考3，二考4 首考2，二考4 首考11，二考13 动词短语 首考8，二考13，15 首考13，二考12 首考11，二考11 首考14，二考11 二考2 考情分析 · 动词及动词短语始终是天津高考英语单选的核心考点，每年考查题量稳定 · 纯动词词义辨析考查占比波动下降，动词短语考查占比持续大幅提升 · 命题注重语境辨析，近义动词 / 短语的语义差异、固定搭配、场景适配性是核心考查方向 复习目标 · 基础巩固：掌握核心动词的词义、搭配 · 核心突破：攻克高频动词短语，结合语境快速判断 · 能力提升：掌握“语境定位——搭配排除——语义辨析”三步解题法，实现动词类题目零失误 · 迁移应用：夯实完形、阅读模块词汇基础，实现全卷词汇类题目整体提分 思维建模·脉络梳理 ——搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 考点精讲·靶向突破 ——拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 知●识●解●构 知识点1 动词词义辨析 1. 解题步骤 读懂语境 明确句子：时间、地点、人物、事件、逻辑关系（转折 / 因果 / 目的）。 抓关键词 主语、宾语、状语、连词，锁定动作方向。 辨析词义 区分近义词：动作方式、情感态度、结果状态。 注意语法 时态、语态、主谓一致、及物 / 不及物。 代入验证 语义通顺、逻辑合理、搭配正确。 2. 核心技巧 看主语定动作 人：思考、态度、选择、完成、感受 物：产生、变化、显示、造成 看宾语定搭配 常见动宾组合： make a decision, take measures, keep promise, pay attention 等 看逻辑定词义 转折：相反动作 因果：导致 / 结果 目的：为了做某事 避坑点 不望文生义，不凭中文直译。 知识点2 动词短语词义辨析 1. 解题步骤 识别结构 动词 + 副词 / 介词 / 名词：look after, give up, take part in 等。 拆分理解 动词表动作，副词 / 介词表方向、状态、结果。 优先固定搭配 高考以高频短语为主，不考偏难怪。 结合语境排除 排除与句意明显不符的选项。 代入通读 确保通顺、符合逻辑。 2. 核心技巧 记 “核心含义” 同一动词不同短语：take, put, make, get, give 等。 看场景秒杀 学习 / 生活 / 工作 / 社会热点，短语高度固定。 看逻辑关系 放下、考虑、弥补、通过、赞成、跟上、照顾等。 避坑点 不把短语拆成单词直译； 不混淆形近短语：put up /put aside /put forward。 考●向●破●译 1．（2026·天津南开·二模）Don’t be afraid of difficulties. They can help you ________ experience, and experience can, in turn, broaden your horizons. A．accumulate B．clarify C．strengthen D．expand 【答案】A 【详解】句意：不要害怕困难。它们可以帮助你积累经验，而经验反过来又可以拓宽你的视野。A. accumulate积累；B. clarify澄清；C. strengthen加强；D. expand扩大。困难可以帮助人们积累经验，用accumulate，accumulate experience表示“积累经验”。 2．（2026·天津河北·二模）As a new chapter begins, reflecting on past experiences can help________ your goals and plans for the future. A．shape B．switch C．stretch D．sharpen 【答案】A 【详解】句意：随着新篇章的开启，反思过往经历有助于规划制定你未来的目标与计划。A. shape塑造；决定……的发展；B. switch转换；改变；C. stretch伸展；延伸；D. sharpen使锋利；提高。根据“reflecting on past experiences”和“your goals and plans for the future”可知，反思过去的经历有助于确立和规划未来目标，shape one’s goals为常用搭配，符合语境。 3．（2026·天津红桥·三模）The two sides have agreed to have peace talks next month, that peace is likely to return to the area soon. A．pretending B．indicating C．imagining D．warning 【答案】B 【详解】句意：双方已同意下个月举行和平谈判，这表明和平很可能很快就会回到该地区。A. pretending假装；B. indicating表明；C. imagining想象；D. warning警告。根据The two sides have agreed to have peace talks next month可知，空格处表达“表明”。 4．（2026·天津河西·三模）The new policy _________that employees must take at least five days of continuous leave each year to ensure work-life balance. A．states B．predicts C．warns D．recommends 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词。句意：新政策规定，员工每年必须至少休五天连续假，以确保工作与生活的平衡。A. states规定；B. predicts预测；C. warns警告；D. recommends建议。根据employees must take at least five days of continuous leave each year to ensure work-life balance可知，此处是新政策规定的具体内容。 5．（2026·天津宝坻·三模）It is no wonder that many, if not most, of China’s leading scholars and scientists ________ in Lianda, including the two Nobel Prize-winning physicists, Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao. A．liberated B．emerged C．recalled D．regulated 【答案】B 【详解】句意：难怪中国许多（如果不是大多数的话）顶尖学者和科学家都在联大涌现，其中包括两位诺贝尔物理学奖得主杨振宁和李政道。A. liberate解放；B. emerge出现；C. recall回忆；D. regulate调节。此处指这些顶尖学者和科学家在联大“出现”或“涌现”，emerge符合题意。 6．（2026·天津北辰·二模）It’s no use complaining here. You must ________ the boss of your honesty with enough evidence. A．accuse B．warn C．convince D．relieve 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在这里抱怨没有用。你必须用足够的证据使老板相信你是诚实的。 A. accuse指责；控告；B. warn警告；告诫；C. convince使相信；说服；D. relieve缓解；减轻。根据前文It’s no use complaining here可知，必须用足够的证据使老板相信你是诚实的。 7．（2026·天津河西·二模）The school will hold a meeting next Monday to finally ________ the details of the upcoming science festival. A．confirm B．promote C．decline D．restrict 【答案】A 【详解】句意：学校下周一将召开会议，最终确定即将到来的科学节的细节。A. confirm确定；B. promote促进；C. decline下降；D. restrict限制。根据“The school will hold a meeting next Monday”以及“the details of the upcoming science festival”可知，此处表示召开会议确定科学节的细节，A选项符合句意。 8．（2026·天津和平·二模）There is little sign that Iran and the US have ________ their differences. A．resolved B．restored C．revised D．released 【答案】A 【详解】句意：几乎没有迹象表明伊朗和美国已经解决了分歧。A. resolved解决；B. restored恢复，修复；C. revised修订，复习；D.  released释放，发布。搭配differences表示“化解分歧”，需用resolved。 9．（2026·天津东丽·一模）Among all the places of interest I’ve explored, the Forbidden City has ________ me the most with its ancient architecture and rich history. A．provided B．encouraged C．equipped D．impressed 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我所游览过的所有名胜古迹中，故宫给我留下的印象最为深刻，它那古老的建筑风格和丰富的历史底蕴令我赞叹不已。A. provided提供；B. encouraged鼓励；C. equipped装备；D. impressed使印象深刻。根据后文“with its ancient architecture and rich history”可知，指古老的建筑风格和丰富的历史底蕴使人印象深刻。故选D。 10．（2026·天津红桥·一模）As is known to all, one way for people to prevent virus is to open the windows to allow the air to __________. A．calculate B．circulate C．investigate D．accelerate 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：众所周知，人们预防病毒的一种方法是打开窗户，让空气流通。A. calculate计算；B. circulate流通，循环；C. investigate调查；D. accelerate加速。结合“open the windows to allow the air to”可知，此处指打开窗户的目的是让空气“流通”，用circulate。故选B。 11．（2026·天津蓟州·一模）It is required that the walkers should be fined 10 yuan if they don’t ______ traffic rules. A．direct B．qualify C．protect D．respect 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：按照规定，步行者如果不遵守交通规则将被罚款10元。A.direct指导，指示；B.qualify取得资格，使合格；C.protect保护；D.respect遵守，尊重。结合前文“the walkers should be fined 10 yuan”可知，respect traffic rules 为固定搭配，意为“遵守交通规则”，符合句意。故选D。 12．（2026·天津南开·一模）The grown-ups advised me to ________ my drawings and ________ myself instead to more important things. A．pull aside; commit B．wind up; adapt C．lay aside; dedicate D．lay off; devote 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词短语辨析和动词词义辨析。句意：大人们劝我放下那些画作，转而把精力投入到更重要的事情上。A. pull aside把（某人）拉到一边；commit犯（罪、错）；B. wind up结束，终结；adapt调整；C. lay aside搁置；dedicate致力于，献身于；D. lay off解雇（员工）；devote献身，致力。由my drawings和to more important things可知，此处表示“放下那些画作，转而把精力投入到更重要的事情上”，第一空意为“放下，搁置”，用lay aside；第二空意为“致力”，用dedicate或devote。故选C。 13．（2026·天津河西·一模）The success of the Mars rover mission ________ not only on advanced engineering but also on continuous hard work of thousands of scientists and engineers behind the scenes. A．relies B．focuses C．insists D．remarks 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：火星探测器任务的成功不仅依赖于先进的工程技术，还依赖于幕后成千上万名科学家和工程师的持续努力。A. relies依赖；B. focuses聚焦；C. insists坚持；D. remarks评论。根据后文“on advanced engineering but also on continuous hard work”可知，此处表示“依赖”，应用动词短语rely on。故选A项。 14．（2026·天津河东·一模）I desperately need a part-time job because my mother’s income can not _________ the cost of my school fees. A．cover B．spend C．pay D．take 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我迫切需要一份兼职工作，因为我母亲的收入无法支付我的学费。A. cover覆盖、足以支付（费用）；B. spend花费（主语为人，后接时间/金钱）；C. pay支付（后常接人或账单，如pay sb./pay the bill）；D. take花费（常用It takes sb. some time/money to do sth.和Sth. takes sb. some time）。结合“收入无法支付学费”的语境，使用cover可表示“足以支付（费用）”，故选A。 15．（2026·天津南开·一模）The festival will take place outside the central part of the city so that the musicians won’t ________ the local people when they’re performing. A．blame B．conserve C．suspect D．disturb 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个节日将在市中心以外的地方举行，以便音乐家们在表演时不会打扰当地人。A. blame责备；B. conserve保护，保存；C. suspect怀疑；D. disturb打扰，妨碍。根据“will take place outside the central part of the city”以及“when they’re performing”可推知，把活动安排在市中心外是为了不让表演打扰到当地人，用动词disturb作从句谓语。故选D项。 16．（2026·天津河北·一模）Benjamin Franklin’s famous experiment with a kite ______ the truth that lightning is a form of electricity. A．drafted B．suspected C．assumed D．established 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：本杰明・富兰克林著名的风筝实验确立了闪电是电的一种形式这一事实。A. drafted起草；B. suspected怀疑；C. assumed假定，认为；D. established证实，确立。根据“the truth that lightning is a form of electricity”可知，本杰明・富兰克林的实验确立了闪电是电的一种形式这一事实。故选D。 17．（2025·天津和平·一模）Throughout his prison sentence, the man has always ________ his innocence. A．maintained B．ignored C．reflected D．admitted 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在整个监禁期间，这个人一直坚称自己是无辜的。A. maintained断言，主张；B. ignored忽视；C. reflected反映；D. admitted承认。由“Throughout his prison sentence”和“his innocence”可知，句子表示“在整个监禁期间，这个人一直坚称自己是无辜的”，空格处意为“断言，主张”，故选A。 18．（2026·天津滨海新区·一模）—Although we live in a peaceful country, there are still many areas of the world at war. —I think we should ______ solving international conflicts by negotiation instead of appealing to arms. A．oppose B．correspond C．evaluate D．advocate 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。 句意：——尽管我们生活在一个和平的国家，但世界上仍有许多地区处于战争状态。——我认为我们应该倡导通过谈判而不是诉诸武力来解决国际冲突。 A. oppose反对，抵制；B. correspond相一致，符合；C. evaluate评价，评估； D. advocate提倡，主张。 根据solving international dispute by negotiation可知，应该倡导通过谈判而不是诉诸武力来解决国际冲突。故选D。 19．（25-26高三上·天津河北·期末）Before you start your road trip along Highway 318, please call the local centre to ________ the road conditions ahead. A．confirm B．decline C．resign D．distinguish 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。 句意：在你开启 318 国道的公路旅行前，请致电当地服务中心确认前方的路况。 A. confirm确认；证实 ；B. decline谢绝；下降 ；C. resign 辞职；放弃 ；D. distinguish 区分；辨别。根据前文“please call the local centre”可知，致电当地服务中心确认前方的路况。故选A项。 20．（25-26高三上·天津和平·期末）Traffic on the main street was for three hours because of a serious accident. A．accumulated B．delayed C．returned D．circulated 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。 句意：由于一场严重的事故，主干道上的交通延误了三个小时。 A. accumulated积累；积聚；B. delayed延误；耽搁； C. returned返回；归还； D. circulated（使）循环；传播。根据后文“because of a serious accident”可知，干道上的交通延误了三个小时。故选B项。 真题溯源·考向感知 ——溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 1．（2025·天津·高考真题）Regarding the coming school trip, all students must submit the permission form by Friday to________ their participation. A．confirm B．promote C．decline D．restrict 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：关于即将到来的学校旅行，所有学生必须在周五前提交许可表以确认是否参加。A. confirm确认；B. promote促进；C. decline下降；D. restrict限制。“提交许可表”的目的是“确认参与学校旅行”，confirm 表示“确认、证实”，与“参与”搭配合理，符合句意。故选A。 2．（2024·天津·高考真题）Exercise is not only good for our bodies, but it can also _________ our mood and help us deal with anxiety. A．boost B．match C．ruin D．reflect 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：运动不仅对我们的身体有好处，而且还可以改善我们的情绪，帮助我们应对焦虑。A. boost促进，提高；B. match匹配； C. ruin毁灭；D. reflect反思。由句意和help us deal with anxiety可知，这里指运动可以“促进（改善）”我们的情绪。故选A项。 3．（2024·天津·高考真题）As a symbol of the glorious history of Chinese civilization, the Forbidden City _________ the cultural memory of the country. A．invents B．preserves C．acquires D．declares 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为中华文明辉煌历史的象征，紫禁城保存着国家的文化记忆。A. invents发明；B. preserves保存；C. acquires获得；D. declares宣布。根据“the cultural memory of the country”可知，紫禁城作为历史的象征，应该是保存文化记忆。故选B。 4．（2023·天津·高考真题）When Lisa moved to a new city, she had a hard time ________ to her new surroundings. A．adding B．adjusting C．applying D．attending 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当丽莎搬到一个新的城市时，她很难适应新的环境。A. adding增加；B. adjusting适应；C. applying申请；D. attending出席。由下文“to her new surroundings.”可知，此处表示适应新的环境，adjust to固定搭配，意为“适应”，故选B。 5．（2022·天津·高考真题）If we continue to________ environmental problems, we will regret it sooner or later. A．highlight B．identify C．ignore D．prevent 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们继续忽视环境问题，我们迟早会后悔的。A. highlight突出；强调；B. identify辨认；识别；C. ignore忽视；D. prevent阻止。由句意可知对于环境问题我们迟早会后悔，而这一切都是因为我们对环境问题的忽视。故选C项。 6．（2021·天津·高考真题）Although a few have come and gone, the restaurant's regular customers have________ the same for nearly 40 years. A．stayed B．turned C．grown D．got 【答案】A 【详解】考查系动词动词词义辨析。句意：虽然有一些人来了又走了，但这家餐厅的老顾客已经光顾这家店近40年了。A.stayed保持；B.turned变成（某种颜色）；C.grown变得；D.got变成。根据“the restaurant's regular customers”以及“the same for nearly 40 years”可知，这家餐厅的老顾客已经光顾这家店近40年了。stay“保持”，表示老顾客保持40年不变。故选A项。 7．（2021·天津·高考真题）I wanted to make dumplings but found I had ________ flour, so I went out to buy some. A．made up for B．run out of C．kept away from D．got down to 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想包饺子，但发现我的面粉用完了，所以我出去买了一些。A. made up for弥补；B. run out of用完，用尽；C. kept away from远离，回避；D. got down to开始认真做。结合句意，此处指“用完”了面粉。故选B。 8．（2021·天津·高考真题）Henry David Thoreau was happy to ________ from social life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life. A．judge B．differ C．withdraw D．benefit 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：亨利·大卫·梭罗乐于从社交生活中抽身出来，在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系。A. judge判断；B. differ不同；C. withdraw抽身，撤退；D. benefit有益于。根据后文“seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life”可知Henry David Thoreau在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系，所以他乐于从社交生活中抽身出来，withdraw from“离开”。故选C。 9．（2020·天津·高考真题）We can’t ______ buying a new printer for our company. The one we have doesn’t work. A．take up B．carry out C．keep on D．put off 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我们不能推迟为公司买一台新打印机。我们现在的那个不运转了。A. take up占据； B. carry out实施；C. keep on 继续；D. put off推迟。根据“the one we have doesn’t work”可知，我们平时用的打印机不运转了。所以，我们必须马上买一台新打印机。即:我们不能“推迟”买打印机。故选D。 10．（2020·天津·高考真题）I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother ______ him. A．drank a toast to B．played a joke on C．kept an eye on D．made an apology to 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我不在的时候从不担心我的儿子，因为我母亲会照看他。A. drank a toast to为……干杯；B. played a joke on开……的玩笑；C. kept an eye on照看，留意，密切注视；D. made an apology to向……道歉。因为母亲会“照看”我的儿子，所以“我”不在的时候从来不担心孩子。C选项符合语境，故选C。 11．（2020·天津·高考真题）We offered to give Sharon a ride home, but she ______, saying that she felt like walking. A．understood B．accepted C．compromised D．declined 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们提出Sharon回家，但她拒绝了，说她想步行回去。A. understood理解；B. accepted接受；C. compromised妥协；D. declined谢绝。根据“saying that she felt like walking”可知，Sharon想自己回家，所以她“谢绝”了我们的提议。故选D。 12．（2020·天津·高考真题）The company is willing to ______________ the new technology if it can be shown to reduce production costs. A．look over B．bring in C．put aside D．knock out 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果能够证明新技术能降低生产成本，公司愿意引进。A. look over检查，察看；B. bring in引进；C. put aside把……放在一边，暂不考虑；D. knock out击倒，打破。根据“if it can be shown to reduce production costs.”可知，此处指公司引进新技术，故选B。 13．（2019·天津·高考真题）Kate heard a man’s voice in the background, but she couldn’t ________ what he was saying. A．set aside B．take back C．make out D．keep off 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：凯特听到背景中有一个男人的声音，但她听不清他在说什么。A. set aside存储，留出；B. take back收回，拿回；C. make out辨认出，理解，了解；D. keep off（使）避开。根据but可推知，凯特应该是听不清。故选C。 14．（2019·天津·高考真题）We are determined that our training should ______the current development in education. A．keep pace with B．take possession of C．make room for D．give birth to 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们决心使我们的培训跟上当前教育的发展。A. keep pace with保持同步；B. take possession of占有，拥有；C. make room for为……腾出空间；D. give birth to产生，造成。故A选项正确。 15．（2019·天津·高考真题）You should respect the views of others, and at the same time what you think is right. A．care for B．look at C．insist on D．meet with 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：你应该尊重别人的观点，同时坚持你认为正确的事情。A. care for关心，照顾；B. look at看；C. insist on坚持；D. meet with符合，偶然遇见。故C选项正确。 16．（2018·天津·高考真题）When people want to expand their knowledge, they usually ______ books that offer useful information. A．point to B．turn to C．attend to D．belong to 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当人们想要扩展他们的知识时，他们通常求助于提供有用信息的书籍。A. point to指向；B. turn to求助于；C. attend to照顾；D. belong to属于。由“When people want to expand their knowledge, offer useful information.”可知，turn to“求助于”符合句意。故选B项。 17．（2018·天津·高考真题）It’s easy to get lost when you drive in a new city, so it’s important to ______ a good map before you set out. A．study B．display C．deliver D．publish 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你在一个陌生的城市开车时很容易迷路，所以在出发前仔细看一张好地图是很重要的。A. study 细看；B. display展示；C. deliver 投递；D. publish出版。由“It’s easy to get lost when you drive in a new city，before you set out”可知，study“细看”符合句意。故选A项。 18．（2017·天津·高考真题）Before leaving America, she _____ much of her furniture to friends and enjoyed letting them have the piece they had liked. A．picked up B．gave away C．put down D．set aside 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在离开美国之前，她把大部分家具都送给了朋友，并乐意让她们挑选自己喜欢的那件。A.picked up 捡起;B.gave away 赠送;C.put down 放下D.set aside置……于不顾。根据句意，离开美国之前，她把家具“赠送”给朋友。故选B。 19．（2017·天津·高考真题）Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter ___________, get married, and have kids. A．settle down B．keep off C．get up D．cut in 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：布朗先生和夫人想要看到他们的女儿安顿下来，结婚生子。A. settle down安顿下来；B. keep off远离；C. get up起床；D. cut in插嘴。根据后文get married, and have kids可推知，是安顿下来，故选A。 20．（2016·天津·高考真题）I hate it when she calls me at work—I’m always too busy to _____ a conversation with her. A．carry on B．break into C．turn down D．cut off 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我讨厌她在上班的时候给我打电话。我总是太忙了不能和她进行谈话。A.carry on进行；B.break into破门而入；C.turn down拒绝，声音调低；D.cut off切断。根据前文说我太忙了，所以可知是不能进行通话，too...to...，意为“太……而不能……”，故选A。 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 动词和动词短语 内容导航 01 命题透视·考情前瞻 对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 02 思维建模·脉络梳理 搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 03 考点精讲·靶向突破 拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 04 真题溯源·考向感知 溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 命题透视·考情前瞻 ——对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 核心考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 2022年 2021年 动词 首考6 首考9，二考8 首考3，二考4 首考2，二考4 首考11，二考13 动词短语 首考8，二考13，15 首考13，二考12 首考11，二考11 首考14，二考11 二考2 考情分析 · 动词及动词短语始终是天津高考英语单选的核心考点，每年考查题量稳定 · 纯动词词义辨析考查占比波动下降，动词短语考查占比持续大幅提升 · 命题注重语境辨析，近义动词 / 短语的语义差异、固定搭配、场景适配性是核心考查方向 复习目标 · 基础巩固：掌握核心动词的词义、搭配 · 核心突破：攻克高频动词短语，结合语境快速判断 · 能力提升：掌握“语境定位——搭配排除——语义辨析”三步解题法，实现动词类题目零失误 · 迁移应用：夯实完形、阅读模块词汇基础，实现全卷词汇类题目整体提分 思维建模·脉络梳理 ——搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 考点精讲·靶向突破 ——拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 知●识●解●构 知识点1 动词词义辨析 1. 解题步骤 读懂语境 明确句子：时间、地点、人物、事件、逻辑关系（转折 / 因果 / 目的）。 抓关键词 主语、宾语、状语、连词，锁定动作方向。 辨析词义 区分近义词：动作方式、情感态度、结果状态。 注意语法 时态、语态、主谓一致、及物 / 不及物。 代入验证 语义通顺、逻辑合理、搭配正确。 2. 核心技巧 看主语定动作 人：思考、态度、选择、完成、感受 物：产生、变化、显示、造成 看宾语定搭配 常见动宾组合： make a decision, take measures, keep promise, pay attention 等 看逻辑定词义 转折：相反动作 因果：导致 / 结果 目的：为了做某事 避坑点 不望文生义，不凭中文直译。 知识点2 动词短语词义辨析 1. 解题步骤 识别结构 动词 + 副词 / 介词 / 名词：look after, give up, take part in 等。 拆分理解 动词表动作，副词 / 介词表方向、状态、结果。 优先固定搭配 高考以高频短语为主，不考偏难怪。 结合语境排除 排除与句意明显不符的选项。 代入通读 确保通顺、符合逻辑。 2. 核心技巧 记 “核心含义” 同一动词不同短语：take, put, make, get, give 等。 看场景秒杀 学习 / 生活 / 工作 / 社会热点，短语高度固定。 看逻辑关系 放下、考虑、弥补、通过、赞成、跟上、照顾等。 避坑点 不把短语拆成单词直译； 不混淆形近短语：put up /put aside /put forward。 考●向●破●译 1．（2026·天津南开·二模）Don’t be afraid of difficulties. They can help you ________ experience, and experience can, in turn, broaden your horizons. A．accumulate B．clarify C．strengthen D．expand 2．（2026·天津河北·二模）As a new chapter begins, reflecting on past experiences can help________ your goals and plans for the future. A．shape B．switch C．stretch D．sharpen 3．（2026·天津红桥·三模）The two sides have agreed to have peace talks next month, that peace is likely to return to the area soon. A．pretending B．indicating C．imagining D．warning 4．（2026·天津河西·三模）The new policy _________that employees must take at least five days of continuous leave each year to ensure work-life balance. A．states B．predicts C．warns D．recommends 5．（2026·天津宝坻·三模）It is no wonder that many, if not most, of China’s leading scholars and scientists ________ in Lianda, including the two Nobel Prize-winning physicists, Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao. A．liberated B．emerged C．recalled D．regulated 6．（2026·天津北辰·二模）It’s no use complaining here. You must ________ the boss of your honesty with enough evidence. A．accuse B．warn C．convince D．relieve 7．（2026·天津河西·二模）The school will hold a meeting next Monday to finally ________ the details of the upcoming science festival. A．confirm B．promote C．decline D．restrict 8．（2026·天津和平·二模）There is little sign that Iran and the US have ________ their differences. A．resolved B．restored C．revised D．released 9．（2026·天津东丽·一模）Among all the places of interest I’ve explored, the Forbidden City has ________ me the most with its ancient architecture and rich history. A．provided B．encouraged C．equipped D．impressed 10．（2026·天津红桥·一模）As is known to all, one way for people to prevent virus is to open the windows to allow the air to __________. A．calculate B．circulate C．investigate D．accelerate 11．（2026·天津蓟州·一模）It is required that the walkers should be fined 10 yuan if they don’t ______ traffic rules. A．direct B．qualify C．protect D．respect 12．（2026·天津南开·一模）The grown-ups advised me to ________ my drawings and ________ myself instead to more important things. A．pull aside; commit B．wind up; adapt C．lay aside; dedicate D．lay off; devote 13．（2026·天津河西·一模）The success of the Mars rover mission ________ not only on advanced engineering but also on continuous hard work of thousands of scientists and engineers behind the scenes. A．relies B．focuses C．insists D．remarks 14．（2026·天津河东·一模）I desperately need a part-time job because my mother’s income can not _________ the cost of my school fees. A．cover B．spend C．pay D．take 15．（2026·天津南开·一模）The festival will take place outside the central part of the city so that the musicians won’t ________ the local people when they’re performing. A．blame B．conserve C．suspect D．disturb 16．（2026·天津河北·一模）Benjamin Franklin’s famous experiment with a kite ______ the truth that lightning is a form of electricity. A．drafted B．suspected C．assumed D．established 17．（2025·天津和平·一模）Throughout his prison sentence, the man has always ________ his innocence. A．maintained B．ignored C．reflected D．admitted 18．（2026·天津滨海新区·一模）—Although we live in a peaceful country, there are still many areas of the world at war. —I think we should ______ solving international conflicts by negotiation instead of appealing to arms. A．oppose B．correspond C．evaluate D．advocate 19．（25-26高三上·天津河北·期末）Before you start your road trip along Highway 318, please call the local centre to ________ the road conditions ahead. A．confirm B．decline C．resign D．distinguish 20．（25-26高三上·天津和平·期末）Traffic on the main street was for three hours because of a serious accident. A．accumulated B．delayed C．returned D．circulated 真题溯源·考向感知 ——溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 1．（2025·天津·高考真题）Regarding the coming school trip, all students must submit the permission form by Friday to________ their participation. A．confirm B．promote C．decline D．restrict 2．（2024·天津·高考真题）Exercise is not only good for our bodies, but it can also _________ our mood and help us deal with anxiety. A．boost B．match C．ruin D．reflect 3．（2024·天津·高考真题）As a symbol of the glorious history of Chinese civilization, the Forbidden City _________ the cultural memory of the country. A．invents B．preserves C．acquires D．declares 4．（2023·天津·高考真题）When Lisa moved to a new city, she had a hard time ________ to her new surroundings. A．adding B．adjusting C．applying D．attending 5．（2022·天津·高考真题）If we continue to________ environmental problems, we will regret it sooner or later. A．highlight B．identify C．ignore D．prevent 6．（2021·天津·高考真题）Although a few have come and gone, the restaurant's regular customers have________ the same for nearly 40 years. A．stayed B．turned C．grown D．got 7．（2021·天津·高考真题）I wanted to make dumplings but found I had ________ flour, so I went out to buy some. A．made up for B．run out of C．kept away from D．got down to 8．（2021·天津·高考真题）Henry David Thoreau was happy to ________ from social life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life. A．judge B．differ C．withdraw D．benefit 9．（2020·天津·高考真题）We can’t ______ buying a new printer for our company. The one we have doesn’t work. A．take up B．carry out C．keep on D．put off 10．（2020·天津·高考真题）I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother ______ him. A．drank a toast to B．played a joke on C．kept an eye on D．made an apology to 11．（2020·天津·高考真题）We offered to give Sharon a ride home, but she ______, saying that she felt like walking. A．understood B．accepted C．compromised D．declined 12．（2020·天津·高考真题）The company is willing to ______________ the new technology if it can be shown to reduce production costs. A．look over B．bring in C．put aside D．knock out 13．（2019·天津·高考真题）Kate heard a man’s voice in the background, but she couldn’t ________ what he was saying. A．set aside B．take back C．make out D．keep off 14．（2019·天津·高考真题）We are determined that our training should ______the current development in education. A．keep pace with B．take possession of C．make room for D．give birth to 15．（2019·天津·高考真题）You should respect the views of others, and at the same time what you think is right. A．care for B．look at C．insist on D．meet with 16．（2018·天津·高考真题）When people want to expand their knowledge, they usually ______ books that offer useful information. A．point to B．turn to C．attend to D．belong to 17．（2018·天津·高考真题）It’s easy to get lost when you drive in a new city, so it’s important to ______ a good map before you set out. A．study B．display C．deliver D．publish 18．（2017·天津·高考真题）Before leaving America, she _____ much of her furniture to friends and enjoyed letting them have the piece they had liked. A．picked up B．gave away C．put down D．set aside 19．（2017·天津·高考真题）(2017·天津)Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter ___________, get married, and have kids. A．settle down B．keep off C．get up D．cut in 20．（2016·天津·高考真题）I hate it when she calls me at work—I’m always too busy to _____ a conversation with her. A．carry on B．break into C．turn down D．cut off 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $