Unit 8 Safe and sound Word power要点讲义2026-2027学年译林版英语八年级上册

本讲义聚焦初中英语合成词构词法核心知识点，系统梳理合成词定义、构成方式（名词+名词、名词+动词、动词+名词、形容词+名词等类型），通过理论讲解、课文实例（如countryside、postman）到综合练习（表格填空、句子补全、单项选择）的学习支架，构建完整知识脉络。 该资料以分类归纳和情境化练习为特色，通过高频短语中英互译、生活场景例句（如“独自在家”“引发火灾”）提升语言能力，多样化练习设计（如合成词组合、选词填空）培养思维品质，课中辅助教师清晰授课，课后助力学生巩固知识、查漏补缺，高效掌握构词规律。

Unit 8 Safe and sound Word power 【构词法要点】 1. 合成词的定义 我们可以把两个词组合在一起构成一个新词，这种词叫做合成词。 - compound word n. 合成词 - e.g. We can put two words together to create a ____________ word. 2. 合成名词的构成方式 名词 + 名词 thunder + storm → thunderstorm 雷暴 名词 + 名词 team + work → teamwork 团队合作 名词 + 名词 snow + ball → snowball 雪球 名词 + 动词 earth + quake → earthquake 地震 名词 + 动词 water + fall → waterfall 瀑布 名词 + 动词 sun + rise → sunrise 日出 动词 + 名词 pass + port → passport 护照 动词 + 名词 play + ground → playground 操场 动词 + 名词 drive + way → driveway 车道 形容词 + 名词 white + board → whiteboard 白板 形容词 + 名词 soft + ware → software 软件 形容词 + 名词 gentle + man → gentleman 绅士 3. 课文练习词汇（名词 + 名词） - police + woman → policewoman（女警察） - head + tooth → headtooth（注意：不常见，可能是head + tooth的合成，但通常用toothache等） - post + man → postman（邮递员） - air + port → airport（机场） 4. 课文例句 - Mum and Dad went to visit my grandparents in the countryside, so I was home alone last weekend. 爸爸妈妈去乡下看望我的祖父母了，所以上周末我一个人在家。 - countryside n. 乡村，乡下（country + side） - weekend n. 周末（week + end） - While I was making a pancake for myself, a postman came and gave me my new art books. 当我在给自己做煎饼时，邮递员来了，给了我新的美术书。 - postman n. 邮递员（post + man） - Suddenly, I smelt something burning. 突然，我闻到有东西烧焦了。 - something pron. 某物（some + thing） - That was close—I nearly started a fire! 好险——我差点引发火灾！ - close adj. 险的，差一点就……的 【合成词归纳】 n. + n. thunderstorm 雷暴 thunder + storm n. + n. teamwork 团队合作 team + work n. + n. snowball 雪球 snow + ball n. + n. postman 邮递员 post + man n. + n. policewoman 女警察 police + woman n. + n. countryside 乡村 country + side n. + n. weekend 周末 week + end n. + v. earthquake 地震 earth + quake n. + v. waterfall 瀑布 water + fall n. + v. sunrise 日出 sun + rise v. + n. passport 护照 pass + port v. + n. playground 操场 play + ground v. + n. driveway 车道 drive + way adj. + n. whiteboard 白板 white + board adj. + n. software 软件 soft + ware adj. + n. gentleman 绅士 gentle + man some + thing something 某物 some + thing 【高频短语汇总】中英互译 1. compound word __________ 2. __________ 合成词 3. put together __________ 4. __________ 组合在一起 5. a number of ways __________ 6. __________ 多种方式 7. home alone __________ 8. __________ 独自在家 9. buy online __________ 10. __________ 网上购买 11. start a fire __________ 12. __________ 引发火灾 13. be careful __________ 14. __________ 小心 15. That was close! __________ 16. __________ 好险！ 【综合练习】 一、将下列两个词组合成合成词并写出中文意思 词1 词2 合成词 中文 thunder storm earth quake snow ball water fall sun rise team work play ground white board post man police woman week end country side 二、用方框中的词组成合成词，完成句子 country end man post side some week thing 1. Mum and Dad went to visit my grandparents in the ____________, so I was home alone last ____________. 2. A ____________ came and gave me my new art books. 3. Suddenly, I smelt ____________ burning. 三、单项选择 ( ) 1. We can put two words together to create a ________ word. A. compound B. compond C. compund D. compand ( ) 2. A “thunderstorm” is a ________ word. A. compound B. single C. simple D. short ( ) 3. “Earthquake” is formed by ________ + verb. A. adjective B. noun C. verb D. adverb ( ) 4. “Whiteboard” is formed by adjective + ________. A. verb B. noun C. adjective D. adverb ( ) 5. “Postman” means a man who ________ letters. A. writes B. reads C. delivers D. buys ( ) 6. I was home ________ last weekend. A. lonely B. alone C. only D. along ( ) 7. A ________ is a storm with thunder and lightning. A. snowball B. teamwork C. thunderstorm D. waterfall ( ) 8. I smelt ________ burning. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 四、用所给合成词填空 earthquake snowball playground sunrise waterfall teamwork 1. We had a ________ fight in the park. 2. The ________ in this city is very beautiful in the morning. 3. A big ________ hit the city last year. 4. The children are playing on the ________. 5. The ________ is very high and looks great. 6. ________ is important for the success of a project. 五、选词填空（从方框中选择合适的合成词填空） thunderstorm earthquake waterfall teamwork sunrise snowball 1. A ____________ is a storm with thunder and lightning. 2. An ____________ can make buildings fall down. 3. The ____________ is the time when the sun comes up in the morning. 4. A ____________ is a place where water falls down from a high place. 5. ____________ means people work together to achieve a goal. 6. Children like to throw ____________ at each other in winter. 六、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 我们可以把两个词组合在一起构成一个新词。 We can ________ two words ________ to create a new word. 2. 合成词有多种构成方式。 Compound words can be formed in a ________ of ________. 3. 上周末我一个人在家。 I was ________ ________ last weekend. 4. 邮递员给了我一些新书。 A ________ gave me some new books. 5. 我闻到有东西烧焦了。 I ________ something burning. 6. 好险！我差点引发火灾。 That was ________! I nearly ________ a fire. 【答案】 一、 thunder storm thunderstorm 雷暴 earth quake earthquake 地震 snow ball snowball 雪球 water fall waterfall 瀑布 sun rise sunrise 日出 team work teamwork 团队合作 play ground playground 操场 white board whiteboard 白板 post man postman 邮递员 police woman policewoman 女警察 week end weekend 周末 country side countryside 乡村 二、 1. countryside, weekend 2. postman 3. something 三、 1. A 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. A 四、 1. snowball 2. sunrise 3. earthquake 4. playground 5. waterfall 6. Teamwork 五、 1. thunderstorm 2. earthquake 3. sunrise 4. waterfall 5. Teamwork 6. snowballs 六、 1. put, together 2. number, ways 3. home alone 4. postman 5. smelt 6. close, start 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $