Unit 7 The natural world Word power要点讲义2026-2027学年译林版八年级英语上册

本初中英语讲义聚焦Unit 7“The natural world”中后缀-ly的构词法核心知识点，系统梳理形容词变副词（如real→really）和名词变形容词（如friend→friendly）两种用法，通过构词要点讲解、课文例句示范、规则归纳及综合练习，构建从理解到应用的学习支架。 资料以自然主题情境例句（如珊瑚礁保护）提升语言能力，通过构词规则分类归纳培养思维品质，多样化练习（填空、选择、短文填空）助力学习能力发展。课中辅助教师情境化教学，课后帮助学生巩固知识、查漏补缺。

Unit 7 The natural world Word power 【构词法要点】 1. 后缀 -ly 的用法（形容词 → 副词） 我们可以将后缀 -ly 加在形容词后面构成副词，用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。 real really 真正地，确实地 bad badly 糟糕地，严重地 careful carefully 仔细地，小心地 slow slowly 缓慢地 near nearly 几乎，将近 例句： - The ocean water is becoming dirtier, and this causes corals to die slowly. 海水变得更脏，这导致珊瑚慢慢死亡。 - Climate change is greatly damaging the ocean environment. 气候变化正在极大地破坏海洋环境。 - Scientists are working really hard to find ways to save corals. 科学家们正在非常努力地寻找拯救珊瑚的方法。 2. 后缀 -ly 的用法（名词 → 形容词） 我们也可以将后缀 -ly 加在某些名词后面构成形容词，表示“具有……特性的”、“像……一样的”。 friend friendly 友好的 love lovely 可爱的，美好的 year yearly 每年的，一年一度的 month monthly 每月的，按月计算的 week weekly 每周的，按周计算的 day daily 每日的，日常的 例句： - The ocean may not be a friendly environment for coral reefs. 海洋可能不再是珊瑚礁的友好环境。 - The Great Barrier Reef is a lovely place to visit. 大堡礁是一个值得游览的美丽地方。 3. 课文例句 - You might hear about the Great Barrier Reef in Australia, the largest coral reef system on earth. 你可能听说过澳大利亚的大堡礁，那是地球上最大的珊瑚礁系统。 - coral reef n. 珊瑚礁 - system n. 系统 - You can even see it from space! 你甚至可以从太空中看到它！ - When you look at a coral reef, you might think it is simply a group of colourful rocks. 当你看到珊瑚礁时，你可能会认为它只不过是一组色彩鲜艳的岩石。 - simply adv. 仅仅，只不过 - colourful adj. 色彩鲜艳的 - However, corals are living things. 然而，珊瑚是有生命的生物。 - living adj. 有生命的，活的 - Now many scientists are worried about coral reefs because they are facing serious problems. 现在许多科学家担心珊瑚礁，因为它们正面临严重的问题。 - be worried about 担心…… - face v. 面临 - The biggest problem is ocean pollution. 最大的问题是海洋污染。 - pollution n. 污染 - pollute v. 污染 - The ocean water is becoming dirtier because of different human activities. 由于不同的人类活动，海水正在变得更脏。 - dirtier adj. 更脏的（dirty 的比较级） - human activities 人类活动 - What‘s more, climate change is greatly damaging the ocean environment. 而且，气候变化正在极大地破坏海洋环境。 - What’s more 而且，此外 - climate change 气候变化 - damage v. 破坏，损害 - Luckily, more scientists are paying attention to coral reefs. 幸运的是，更多的科学家正在关注珊瑚礁。 - luckily adv. 幸运地 - pay attention to 关注，注意 【后缀 -ly 构词归纳】 adj. → adv. real really 真正地 adj. → adv. bad badly 糟糕地 adj. → adv. careful carefully 仔细地 adj. → adv. slow slowly 缓慢地 adj. → adv. near nearly 几乎 adj. → adv. great greatly 极大地 adj. → adv. simple simply 仅仅，简单地 adj. → adv. lucky luckily 幸运地 n. → adj. friend friendly 友好的 n. → adj. love lovely 可爱的 n. → adj. year yearly 每年的 n. → adj. month monthly 每月的 n. → adj. week weekly 每周的 n. → adj. day daily 每日的 注意： - 以 -y 结尾的形容词变副词时，通常变 y 为 i 再加 -ly（如 happy → happily），但 shy → shyly 例外，直接加 -ly。 - 以 -le 结尾的形容词变副词时，去 e 加 -y（如 simple → simply, terrible → terribly）。 - 以 -ic 结尾的形容词变副词时，加 -ally（如 basic → basically, scientific → scientifically）。 【高频短语汇总】中英互译 1. the Great Barrier Reef __________ 2. __________ 大堡礁 3. coral reef system __________ 4. __________ 珊瑚礁系统 5. from space __________ 6. __________ 从太空 7. a group of __________ 8. __________ 一群，一组 9. living things __________ 10. __________ 有生命的生物 11. be worried about __________ 12. __________ 担心…… 13. face serious problems __________ 14. __________ 面临严重问题 15. ocean pollution __________ 16. __________ 海洋污染 17. human activities __________ 18. __________ 人类活动 19. climate change __________ 20. __________ 气候变化 21. pay attention to __________ 22. __________ 关注 23. find ways to do __________ 24. __________ 找到做某事的方法 【综合练习】 一、写出下列形容词或名词对应的副词或形容词 原词 词性 派生词 词性 real adj. adv. bad adj. adv. careful adj. adv. slow adj. adv. near adj. adv. great adj. adv. simple adj. adv. lucky adj. adv. friend n. adj. love n. adj. year n. adj. month n. adj. week n. adj. day n. adj. 二、用所给词的正确形式填空（副词形式） 1. The ocean water is becoming dirtier, and this causes corals to die ____________ (slow). 2. Climate change is ____________ (great) damaging the ocean environment. 3. Scientists are working ____________ (real) hard to find ways to save them. 4. When you look at a coral reef, you might think it is ____________ (simple) a group of colourful rocks. 5. ____________ (lucky), more scientists are paying attention to coral reefs. 6. The water is ____________ (bad) polluted by human activities. 7. Please listen to the teacher ____________ (careful) in class. 8. It is ____________ (near) impossible to save all the coral reefs. 三、用所给词的正确形式填空（形容词形式） 1. The ocean may not be a ____________ (friend) environment for coral reefs. 2. The Great Barrier Reef is a ____________ (love) place to visit. 3. We have a ____________ (month) meeting to discuss environmental problems. 4. This is a ____________ (day) newspaper. 5. The ____________ (year) report shows the changes in ocean temperature. 四、单项选择 ( ) 1. The ocean water is becoming dirtier, and this causes corals to die ________. A. slow B. slower C. slowly D. slowest ( ) 2. Climate change is ________ damaging the ocean environment. A. great B. greater C. greatly D. greatest ( ) 3. Scientists are working ________ hard to save the coral reefs. A. real B. really C. reality D. realize ( ) 4. When you look at a coral reef, you might think it is ________ a group of rocks. A. simple B. simply C. simplify D. simplest ( ) 5. ________, more scientists are paying attention to coral reefs. A. Lucky B. Luckier C. Luckily D. Luck ( ) 6. The ocean may not be a ________ environment for coral reefs. A. friend B. friendly C. friendship D. friendless ( ) 7. The Great Barrier Reef is a ________ place to visit. A. love B. lovely C. loving D. lover ( ) 8. The water is ________ polluted by human activities. A. bad B. badly C. worse D. worst 五、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 你可能听说过澳大利亚的大堡礁。 You might ________ ________ about the Great Barrier Reef in Australia. 2. 珊瑚礁是地球上最大的珊瑚礁系统。 The coral reef is the ________ coral reef ________ on earth. 3. 许多科学家担心珊瑚礁。 Many scientists are ________ ________ coral reefs. 4. 它们正面临着严重的问题。 They are ________ serious ________. 5. 最大的问题是海洋污染。 The biggest problem is ________ ________. 6. 海水正在变得更脏。 The ocean water is becoming ________. 7. 气候变化正在破坏海洋环境。 Climate change is ________ the ocean ________. 8. 更多的科学家正在关注珊瑚礁。 More scientists are ________ ________ ________ coral reefs. 9. 他们正在努力寻找拯救它们的方法。 They are working hard to ________ ways to ________ them. 10. 你可能认为珊瑚礁只不过是一组色彩鲜艳的岩石。 You might ________ it is ________ a group of colourful rocks. 六、短文填空（用所给词的正确形式填空） You might hear about the Great Barrier Reef in Australia, the largest coral reef system on earth. You can even see it from space! When you look at a coral reef, you might think it is (1) ____________ (simple) a group of colourful rocks. However, corals are living things. Now many scientists are worried about coral reefs because they are facing serious problems. The biggest problem is ocean pollution. The ocean water is becoming dirtier because of different human activities, and this causes corals to die (2) ____________ (slow). What’s more, climate change is (3) ____________ (great) damaging the ocean environment. The ocean is getting warmer, and it may not be a (4) ____________ (friend) environment for coral reefs. (5) ____________ (lucky), more scientists are paying attention to coral reefs. They are working (6) ____________ (real) hard to find ways to save them. 【答案】 一、 real adj. really adv. bad adj. badly adv. careful adj. carefully adv. slow adj. slowly adv. near adj. nearly adv. great adj. greatly adv. simple adj. simply adv. lucky adj. luckily adv. friend n. friendly adj. love n. lovely adj. year n. yearly adj. month n. monthly adj. week n. weekly adj. day n. daily adj. 二、 1. slowly 2. greatly 3. really 4. simply 5. Luckily 6. badly 7. carefully 8. nearly 三、 1. friendly 2. lovely 3. monthly 4. daily 5. yearly 四、 1. C 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. B 8. B 五、 1. hear, about 2. largest, system 3. worried, about 4. facing, problems 5. ocean, pollution 6. dirtier 7. damaging, environment 8. paying, attention, to 9. find, save 10. think, simply 六、 1. simply 2. slowly 3. greatly 4. friendly 5. Luckily 6. really 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $