精品解析：山西晋中市2025-2026学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题

高一英语试卷 满分150分，时间120分钟 注意事项： 1、答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2、不得随意在答题卡上涂改、乱画，使用黑色中性笔，认真规范答题，不得使用涂改液、修正带、透明胶等方法改错。 3、考试结束后，试卷本人留存将答题卡交回。 一、听力-听短对话(共5题，共7.5分) 1. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At a shop. B. At a school. C. At a hospital. 2. What made Joan annoyed? A. She failed to find a parking space. B. She was involved in a car crash. C. She received a parking ticket. 3. What might the man be? A. A teacher. B. A student. C. A mailman. 4. How does the woman feel about the food in the restaurant? A. Terrible. B. Average. C. Great. 5. When will the man see Dr Smith next Tuesday? A. At 8:00. B. At 8:30. C. At 9:00. 二、听力-听长对话(共11题，共16.5分) 听一段对话，回答下列小题。 6. Why does the man refuse the brown sweater? A. Its price is too high. B. Its size is too large. C. Its color is too dark. 7. How much does the man need to pay? A. $92. B. $100. C. $108. 听一段对话，回答下列小题。 8. Why is Tom going to New Zealand? A. To enjoy a holiday. B. To take a business trip. C. To hold a wedding. 9. What will Jane do on Saturday? A. Have dinner with Susan. B. Have a talk with her boss. C. Have a visit to Tom’s office. 听一段对话，回答下列小题。 10. What did Mike do this afternoon? A. He replaced his computer. B. He finished his work. C. He went to the gym. 11. What did Mary begin to do last week? A. Write an essay. B. Learn history. C. Help Mike with his study. 12. What’s Mary dissatisfied with? A. Her work. B. Mike’s work. C. Mike’s playing the piano. 听一段对话，回答下列小题。 13. How is Nancy? A. Badly ill. B. Quite stressful. C. Slightly relaxed. 14. What did Nancy spend most of her time doing? A. Studying. B. Sleeping. C. Making candles. 15. What does Jack advise Nancy to do? A. Take notes while listening. B. Write the essay at once. C. Go out for some fresh air. 16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Colleagues. C. Professor and student. 三、听力-听短文(共4题，共6分) 听一段独白，回答下列小题。 17. Who was from Scotland? A. Mary. B. Mary’s mother. C. Mary’s father. 18. Where did Mary first intend to offer her help? A. In Britain. B. In America. C. In Jamaica. 19. What is Mary famous for today? A. Her talent as a writer. B. Her work as a nurse. C. Her success as a hotel owner. 20. What is the speaker talking about? A. A historical event. B. A research finding. C. A person’s story. 四、阅读理解-阅读单选(共15题，共37.5分) A With more than a thousand small islands scattered across 500 miles in the Indian Ocean, the Maldives is a dream getaway. This 4-day trip will introduce you to the rich Maldivian culture and the beautiful scenery of the country. Day 1 Arrival in Male Our guide will meet you at Velana International Airport and then show you around the city. As a seaside city, Male is rich in fish resources on which many people make a living. Accordingly, our first stops are the fish market and nearby markets to know the lifestyle of the local people. After lunch, we will set out for Guraidhoo. It will take us about 40 minutes to get there by speedboat, and you may see dolphins on the way. Day 2 Guraidhoo After breakfast, it is time to go diving to discover beautiful house reefs (礁) at Guraidhoo. Don’t be nervous if you are inexperienced because we will provide free, good diving equipment and our tour guide will give each tourist accessible safety training and will make sure your equipment works well underwater. Day 3 Guraidhoo After a Guraidhoo-style breakfast, we will take a speedboat to two very attractive coral (珊瑚) reefs in the Maldives. Put on your diving equipment and we will continue to explore the mysterious sea world. The whole afternoon is for you to explore Guraidhoo as you like. You could take a walk along the coastline, enjoy sunbathing, or take some memorial photos against the stunning sea view. Also, you can make use of the free time to buy some souvenirs for your friends or families. Day 4 Departure from Male It’s time to say goodbye to our 4-day tour in the Maldives. After having breakfast at the hotel, you will be transported to Velana International Airport by speedboat at around 10:00 am for your departure flight. We wish you a safe journey back home. 1. On which day can tourists visit some markets? A. Day 1. B. Day 2. C. Day 3. D. Day 4. 2. What should tourists do before diving? A. Buy diving equipment. B. Research into house reefs. C. Receive necessary training. D. Learn underwater photography. 3. How will tourists get to the two coral reefs in the Maldives? A. By plane. B. By boat. C. By bus. D. By train. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了马尔代夫一处为期四天的旅行行程安排，包含每日行程、游玩项目与出行交通等相关内容。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文Day 1 Arrival in Male部分“Accordingly, our first stops are the fish market and nearby markets to know the lifestyle of the local people.(因此，我们的第一站是鱼市以及周边集市，以此了解当地人的生活方式。)”可知，游客可以在第一天参观集市。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文Day 2 Guraidhoo部分“Don’t be nervous if you are inexperienced because we will provide free, good diving equipment and our tour guide will give each tourist accessible safety training and will make sure your equipment works well underwater.(如果你没有经验也不必紧张，我们会提供优质免费的潜水装备，导游会为每位游客开展易懂的安全培训，并确保你的装备在水下能够正常使用。)”可知，游客潜水前需要接受必要的培训。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文Day 3 Guraidhoo部分“After a Guraidhoo-style breakfast, we will take a speedboat to two very attractive coral reefs in the Maldives.(享用古莱杜风味早餐后，我们将乘坐快艇前往马尔代夫两处极具吸引力的珊瑚礁。)”可知，游客会乘船前往两处珊瑚礁。 B When her mother, Pilar Roig, ran into trouble with a restoration (修复) project in Spain, Pilar Bosch found an old paper on the application of bacteria in art restoration. As a microbiologist, she was only searching for a subject for her PhD thesis, but her mother’s trouble in restoring 18th-century paintings in Santos Juanes Church made her take a closer look. After she found the lead that could benefit her mother’s work and a historical and cultural landmark, science and art joined forces in a 4-million-euro initiative to apply this technique. Normally, restorers evaluate the techniques and materials used to make artworks so an appropriate solvent mixture can be made to remove the outer layer without damaging the irreplaceable artworks. In most cases, a coat of varnish (清漆) is applied to the surface to separate the layers on top of the paintings and to prevent any problems with future restorations. However, in this case, Roig had an additional and stubborn coat to remove: glue. A poor effort in the 1960s damaged the priceless artworks even further, leaving behind a layer of glue made of animal collagen. The new approach involved feeding bacteria samples of the glue that became a difficulty for restorers to get through. Mixing the bacteria into an algae gel, restorers applied that solution to the surface. Like magic, the bacteria broke down the glue with the power of the self-made enzymes (酶). After three hours, it effectively removed the annoying animal collagen glue. The bacteria method turned out to be much better than conventional practices, which Roig described as horrible. “In the past, we used to work in a horrible manual way, with warm water and sponges that took too much time and damaged the paintings,” Roig stated. Bosch has brought this conservation technique to a variety of projects throughout Europe, thus advancing the field itself. Now, the microbiologist intends to apply the bacteria gel to remove troublesome graffiti from walls, a challenging problem. 4. What led Bosch to look into the old paper further? A. Her deep interest in art restoration. B. Her problem in writing the PhD thesis. C. Her mother’s desire to research into bacteria. D. Her mother’s trouble in restoring the paintings. 5. What challenge did Roig face in the restoration project? A. There was a complete shortage of funds. B. There was a serious lack of skillful restorers. C. The paintings were covered with glue hard to remove. D. The materials used to make the artworks were unknown. 6. How did the new approach differ from the traditional ones? A. It included chemical reactions. B. It used varnish to remove glue. C. It was more tiring but more effective. D. It took more time but caused less harm. 7. What is Bosch’s current goal according to the text? A. To actively market the bacteria gel. B. To restore valuable ancient paintings. C. To clear annoying drawings on walls. D. To become an outstanding graffiti artist. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章讲述了微生物学家Pilar Bosch受母亲修复教堂名画遇到的难题启发，研发出利用细菌分解胶水的新型艺术品修复技术，该技术比传统方法效果更有效且不损伤艺术品，目前Bosch还计划将这项技术推广到清除墙体涂鸦的新领域。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第一段“When her mother, Pilar Roig, ran into trouble with a restoration (修复) project in Spain, Pilar Bosch found an old paper on the application of bacteria in art restoration. As a microbiologist, she was only searching for a subject for her PhD thesis, but her mother’s trouble in restoring 18th-century paintings in Santos Juanes Church made her take a closer look.(当她的母亲Pilar Roig在西班牙的一个修复项目中遇到麻烦时，Pilar Bosch发现了一篇关于细菌在艺术修复中的应用的旧论文。作为一名微生物学家，她原本只是在为自己的博士论文寻找研究课题，但母亲修复桑托斯胡尼斯教堂18世纪画作时遇到的难题，让她对这篇旧论文展开了更深入的研究)”可知，促使Bosch深入研究这篇旧论文的是母亲修复画作时遇到的麻烦。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第二段“However, in this case, Roig had an additional and stubborn coat to remove: glue. A poor effort in the 1960s damaged the priceless artworks even further, leaving behind a layer of glue made of animal collagen.(然而在这次修复中，Roig需要额外清除一层顽固物质：胶水。20世纪60年代一次拙劣的修复进一步损坏了这些珍贵艺术品，留下了一层由动物胶原蛋白制成的胶水)”可知，Roig在修复项目中遇到的挑战是画作覆盖着一层难以清除的胶水。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据原文第三段“Like magic, the bacteria broke down the glue with the power of the self-made enzymes (酶).(就像魔法一样，细菌依靠自身产生的酶分解了胶水)”以及“In the past, we used to work in a horrible manual way, with warm water and sponges that took too much time and damaged the paintings(过去我们常常采用粗暴的手工方法，用温水和海绵清理，不仅耗时久还会损坏画作)”可知，传统方法是物理手工清理，新方法依靠细菌产生的酶发生化学反应分解胶水，因此新方法包含化学反应是它和传统方法的区别。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文最后一段“Now, the microbiologist intends to apply the bacteria gel to remove troublesome graffiti from walls, a challenging problem.(现在，这位微生物学家打算用这种细菌凝胶清除墙上令人头疼的涂鸦，这是一项极具挑战性的任务)”可知，Bosch当前的目标是清除墙上令人讨厌的涂鸦画作。 C Have you noticed 16 degrees Celsius doesn’t feel the exact same in fall as it does in spring and summer? I wondered why, so I went to meteorologists (气象学家) for help. “Spring and summer are wetter, so sweat doesn’t evaporate (蒸发) as easily, making us feel warmer,” explains Cheryl Nelson, a meteorologist based in Roanoke, Virginia. “Spring’s warmer ground radiates heat into the air, and that makes you feel a little warmer. In fall, the ground is cold, which gives the air a colder feel.” The angle of the sun in spring is different from that in fall: Because of the tilt of the earth, the sun is higher overhead and at a sharper angle. A higher sun delivers more direct sunlight than you’d get when the sun is lower. In fall, on the other hand, the sun is lower, and more of the sunlight is reflected, reducing the amount of heat absorbed by the ground and air, explains Erica Lopez, a bilingual meteorologist based in Jacksonville, Florida. “Besides, at the same temperature, the thinner air can feel colder, especially if it’s dry and the sun isn’t strong in fall,” says Lopez. “Fall is generally windier than spring and summer, making the weather a bit colder. Stronger winds will blow heat away from our skin faster, which makes us feel a chill,” says Jonathan Erdman, a senior digital meteorologist at Weather.com. “That’s the rationale behind wind chill.” Your sense of temperature can be associated with your metabolism, your body composition and where you live. Erdman has firsthand experience with this phenomenon: After growing up in Wisconsin and being perfectly fine with cold days, he settled in Atlanta for 16 years and felt every temperature dip. “While in the South, I definitely became less cold-tolerant (耐寒的). After moving back to Wisconsin nine years ago, I regained my cold tolerance,” he says. So, in a way, we not only have a body clock but also a body thermostat. It’s just another one of those fun science facts that confirms something you’ve long suspected! 8. What can we know from Nelson’s words? A. Feelings of temperature are related to the ground. B. Sense of temperature varies from person to person. C. People prefer spring to summer due to temperature. D. Sweat evaporates more easily in summer than in fall. 9. Why can the same temperature feel warmer in spring than in fall in Lopez’s view? A. It is often windier in fall. B. There is more rain in fall. C. The sun is higher in spring. D. The air is thinner in spring. 10. What does the underlined word “rationale” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Result. B. Belief. C. Intention. D. Reason. 11. What does the author intend to show by mentioning Erdman’s experience? A. Wisconsin is warm even in winter. B. People in Atlanta are cold-tolerant. C. Age has an effect on our cold tolerance. D. Our body gets used to our local climate. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. D 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍相同气温在春夏、秋季体感不同的多种科学原因，并指出人体体感温度还受自身与居住环境影响。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Spring’s warmer ground radiates heat into the air, and that makes you feel a little warmer. In fall, the ground is cold, which gives the air a colder feel.(春天温暖的地面向空气中辐射热量，这会让你感觉暖和一些。在秋天，地面是冰冷的，这让空气让人感觉更冷)”可知，体感温度与地面状况有关。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The angle of the sun in spring is different from that in fall: Because of the tilt of the earth, the sun is higher overhead and at a sharper angle. A higher sun delivers more direct sunlight than you’d get when the sun is lower. In fall, on the other hand, the sun is lower, and more of the sunlight is reflected, reducing the amount of heat absorbed by the ground and air, explains Erica Lopez, a bilingual meteorologist based in Jacksonville, Florida.(春天的太阳角度与秋天不同：由于地球的自转轴倾斜，春天时太阳在头顶的位置更高，照射角度也更陡。太阳位置越高，直射阳光就比太阳位置较低时更多。另一方面，秋天时太阳位置较低，更多的阳光会被反射掉，从而减少了地面和空气吸收的热量，佛罗里达州杰克逊维尔的双语气象学家Erica Lopez解释道)”可知，Lopez的说法，我们在春天感觉更温暖是因为春季太阳位置更高，阳光更直射。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“Stronger winds will blow heat away from our skin faster, which makes us feel a chill. (更强的风会更快带走我们皮肤的热量，让我们感到寒冷)”可知，这是解释风寒效应背后的原理，故猜测rationale表示“理由、原理”，与reason同义。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“After growing up in Wisconsin and being perfectly fine with cold days, he settled in Atlanta for 16 years and felt every temperature dip. “While in the South, I definitely became less cold-tolerant (耐寒的). After moving back to Wisconsin nine years ago, I regained my cold tolerance,” he says.(他在威斯康星州长大，对寒冷天气早已习以为常，后来在亚特兰大定居了16年，却变得对每一次降温都格外敏感。“在南方生活期间，我的耐寒能力的确变差了。九年前搬回威斯康星后，我又重新适应了寒冷，”他说道。)”可知，人体会适应当地的气候环境。 D Gliese 229B was first detected in 1995 by researchers at the Institute’s Palomar Observatory. They found methane (甲烷) in its atmosphere, typical of giant planets but not stars. This marked the first confirmed detection of brown dwarfs (棕矮星) — objects between planets and stars. Since then, hundreds of papers have been written about Gliese 229B. But a pressing mystery has persisted about this object: It is too dim (暗淡的) for its mass. Brown dwarfs are lighter than stars, and heavier than giant planets like Jupiter. And while astronomers measured the mass of Gliese 229B to be about 70 times that of Jupiter, an object of that weight should shine more brightly than what the telescopes observed. A Caltech-led team has now solved this mystery: Gliese 229B is actually two brown dwarfs, each about 38 and 34 times Jupiter’s mass. “Gliese 229B is the main example of a brown dwarf,” says Jerry W Xuan, lead author of the new study reporting the findings in the journal Nature. “And now we know it’s not one but two.” To resolve Gliese 229B into two objects, the team used an interferometer that combines light from four different telescopes to spatially resolve the body into two and another instrument to detect distinct spectral signatures from the two objects. The observations showed the brown dwarf duo, now called Gliese 229Ba and Gliese 229Bb, orbit each other every 12 days with a separation only 16 times larger than the distance between the Earth and the Moon. Together, the pair orbit an M-dwarf star every 250 years. “It is so nice to see that almost 30 years later, there has been a new development,” says Kulkarni, who is not an author on the current paper. The discovery suggests that similar brown dwarf or exoplanet pairs might be waiting to be found. An exoplanet is a planet that orbits a star other than our Sun. “Finding out that Gliese 229B is a pair not only explains its brightness but also helps us better understand brown dwarfs,” says Mawet, a senior research scientist. 12. Why was Gliese 229B considered mysterious? A. It was too bright for its small size. B. Its brightness didn’t match its mass. C. Its atmosphere didn’t contain methane. D. It was difficult to observe for its distance. 13. What has the Caltech-led team discovered about Gliese 229B? A. It has the same mass as stars. B. It is a large planet like Jupiter. C. It is made up of two brown dwarfs. D. It orbits an exoplanet every 250 years. 14. What is Kulkarni’s attitude towards the study? A. Unclear. B. Positive. C. Doubtful. D. Objective. 15. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning the discovery? A. Its result. B. Its process. C. Its prediction. D. Its significance. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了棕矮星Gliese 229B的发现与研究进展。该天体是人类首次确认的棕矮星，长期存在质量与亮度不匹配的科学谜团，一支加州理工学院牵头的团队证实其为双星系统，该发现不仅解开了多年谜题，也对棕矮星及系外行星研究具有重要意义。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“But a pressing mystery has persisted about this object: It is too dim for its mass.(但该天体一直存在一个亟待破解的谜团：相较于它的质量，它的亮度过于暗淡。)”可知，Gliese 229B的谜团在于：以它的质量来说，亮度过低，亮度与质量不匹配。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“A Caltech-led team has now solved this mystery: Gliese 229B is actually two brown dwarfs.(一支由加州理工学院牵头的研究团队如今解开了这一谜团：格利泽229B实际上是两颗棕矮星。)”可知，研究团队发现Gliese 229B由两颗棕矮星组成。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“It is so nice to see that almost 30 years later, there has been a new development.(时隔近三十年，该天体研究迎来新进展，着实令人欣喜。)”可知，他认为此次新研究进展十分可喜，持积极、肯定的态度。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Finding out that Gliese 229B is a pair not only explains its brightness but also helps us better understand brown dwarfs.(证实格利泽229B为双星系统，不仅解释了其亮度异常的问题，也能帮助人类更深入地了解棕矮星。)”可知，本段重点阐述了这项科学发现的研究价值与深远意义。 五、阅读理解-七选五(共5题，共12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Providing feedback (反馈) is an important part of personal and career development. ____16____. One of the most effective and classic methods to make it easier for both the giver and receiver is the feedback sandwich approach. If you are seeking to enhance your career growth, learning about the feedback sandwich approach can be beneficial. ____17____. Rather than simply focusing on what went wrong, it ensures the person receiving the feedback also knows what went well. The process can be broken into three parts. A manager, for example, starts by providing positive feedback to encourage a person to continue his/her good work. ____18____. This feedback should be specific and relevant to the situation. The manager finally ends the communication with positive feedback. The feedback sandwich approach is a highly useful method. It can help soften the blow of criticism (批评). By starting and ending with positive feedback, it’s easier for the recipient to receive the constructive criticism without feeling attacked. ____19____. Additionally, it enables the meeting or interaction to end on a positive note. ____20____. It may sound insincere or predictable if not done correctly. Also, when feedback becomes a routine, employees can start to perceive positive feedback as simply a form of sugar-coating the negatives, thus reducing its value. Hence, positive feedback should not simply be seen as something to cushion the negative, but should be delivered to encourage good performance. A. Therefore, it may not work for every situation B. It’s necessary to be aware of its limitations, though C. The approach may lead to disharmonious relationships D. Similarly, it is also easier for the giver to offer feedback E. Delivering constructive criticism, however, can be challenging F. Then they communicate constructive feedback for the person to improve G. It involves using constructive feedback wrapped between two layers of positive feedback 【答案】16. E 17. G 18. F 19. D 20. B 【解析】 【导语】 文章主要介绍职场和个人发展中的反馈三明治方法，讲解其操作流程、优势以及存在的局限性与使用注意事项。 【16题详解】 上文“Providing feedback is an important part of personal and career development.(提供反馈是个人和职业发展的重要部分)”点明反馈的重要性，下文引出简便高效的反馈方法，设空处形成转折，说明反馈工作存在难点。E选项“Delivering constructive criticism, however, can be challenging(然而，给出建设性的批评反馈颇具挑战性)”承接上文反馈的重要性，转折引出反馈实施的困难，自然引出下文解决办法。 【17题详解】 上文“If you are seeking to enhance your career growth, learning about the feedback sandwich approach can be beneficial(如果你想要促进自身职业发展，学习反馈三明治法大有裨益)”介绍该方法有益，下文“Rather than simply focusing on what went wrong, it ensures the person receiving the feedback also knows what went well. The process can be broken into three parts....(它不只是单纯聚焦出问题的地方，还能确保接收反馈的人也清楚哪些方面做得不错。这个流程可以被拆分为三个部分……)”阐述该方法的反馈逻辑。G选项“It involves using constructive feedback wrapped between two layers of positive feedback(该方法是将建设性批评反馈包裹在两层积极反馈之间)”解释反馈三明治法的核心原理，衔接上下文，为后文分步讲解做铺垫。 【18题详解】 上文“The process can be broken into three parts. A manager, for example, starts by providing positive feedback to encourage a person to continue his/her good work.(这个流程可以被拆分为三个部分。举例来说，一名管理者以给出积极反馈作为开场，以此鼓励一个人继续保持他 / 她良好的工作表现)”介绍流程第一步，下文“The manager finally ends the communication with positive feedback(管理者最后以积极反馈结束沟通)”介绍最后一步。F选项“Then they communicate constructive feedback for the person to improve(接着他们给出可供对方改进的建设性反馈)”对应三步法的中间核心步骤，承接首步、衔接尾步，贴合流程逻辑。 【19题详解】 上文“By starting and ending with positive feedback, it’s easier for the recipient to receive the constructive criticism without feeling attacked(以积极反馈作为开头和结尾，接收者更容易接受建设性批评且不会感到被冒犯)”介绍该方法对反馈接收者的好处，下文“Additionally, it enables the meeting or interaction to end on a positive note(此外，它能让沟通互动以积极的状态收尾)”补充优势。D选项“Similarly, it is also easier for the giver to offer feedback(同样，反馈者也能更轻松地给出反馈)”承接上文对接收者的利好，并列引出对反馈者的优势。 【20题详解】 下文“It may sound insincere or predictable if not done correctly. Also, when feedback becomes a routine, employees can start to perceive positive feedback as simply a form of sugar-coating the negatives, thus reducing its value.(如果使用方式不当，这一方法听起来可能显得虚假或套路化。此外，当反馈变成一种固定流程时，员工会开始认为积极反馈只是掩盖负面问题的一种方式，从而降低积极反馈本身的价值)”阐述反馈三明治法的弊端与不足。B选项“It’s necessary to be aware of its limitations, though(不过，我们需要了解它的局限性)”总起本段，转折引出方法的不足之处，统领后文内容。 六、完形填空(共15题，共15分) All the planes taken by my family had four or six seats in each row. Therefore, someone in my family of five had to sit by a ____21____. I always asked to be that person and considered it the greatest ____22____ to meet someone outstanding. Since childhood, I have been aware that overcoming communication barriers is key to ____23____ meaningful relationships with others. My father is a successful scientist, but he has been ____24____ since birth. When I was young, I sometimes ____25____ to communicate with him because the words I chose were ____26____ to lip-read. But I learned how to employ my own approach to ____27____ the challenge. Gradually, I developed a passion for communication skills. Since kindergarten, I have loved Chinese culture. In high school, I ____28____ a competitive scholarship to study in China in a summer holiday. Dropped into Chengdu and ____29____ to speak the language fluently, I found myself a toddler (学步儿童). However, I didn’t ____30____. At the end of the program, I was voted to ____31____ the 500 scholarship recipients to deliver a speech in Chinese. My speech did win ____32____. Finally, I returned home, developing lifelong ____33____ with former strangers, who I now communicate with in Chinese. Thanks to the strangers in my life, I learn stepping out of my comfort zone can, actually, ____34____ experiencing something life-changing. On the flight home from China I ____35____ chose to sit next to a stranger and it didn’t disappoint. 21. A. senior B. pilot C. kid D. stranger 22. A. task B. honor C. possibility D. mistake 23. A. establishing B. reflecting C. destroying D. testing 24. A. deaf B. blind C. silent D. weak 25. A. wished B. helped C. struggled D. asked 26. A. risky B. difficult C. virtual D. clear 27. A. design B. present C. identify D. address 28. A. valued B. missed C. researched D. earned 29. A. unreasonable B. unable C. unwise D. unwilling 30. A. attempt B. wait C. quit D. agree 31. A. represent B. train C. encourage D. invite 32. A. skills B. comments C. cheers D. medals 33. A. achievements B. knowledge C. happiness D. friendships 34. A. speed up B. contribute to C. put off D. take over 35. A. accidentally B. gradually C. definitely D. originally 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了作者从小主动在飞机上坐在陌生人身边，因天生失聪的父亲学会克服沟通障碍，赴中国学习时突破语言难关，最终领悟走出舒适区与人交流能收获改变一生的宝贵经历。 【21题详解】 考查名词。句意：我家五口人乘坐的飞机每排都是四座或六座，因此家里总得有个人挨着陌生人坐。A. senior长辈；B. pilot飞行员；C. kid小孩；D. stranger陌生人。根据后文“I always asked to be that person and considered it the greatest honor to meet someone outstanding”以及尾段“to sit next to a stranger” 可知，飞机座位排布让家中必须有人坐在陌生人旁边。 【22题详解】 考查名词。句意：我总是主动去那样做的人，还认为能结识优秀的人是莫大的荣幸。A. task任务；B. honor荣幸；C. possibility可能性；D. mistake错误。根据后文“to meet someone outstanding”可知，作者十分期待结识优秀的人，因此这件事对她而言是一份荣耀与荣幸。 【23题详解】 考查动名词。句意：从小我就意识到，克服沟通障碍是和他人建立有意义人际关系的关键。A. establishing建立；B. reflecting反思；C. destroying摧毁；D. testing测试。根据前文“overcoming communication barriers”可知，克服沟通障碍是建立人际关系的基础。 【24题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我的父亲是一名出色的科学家，但他天生失聪。A. deaf失聪的；B. blind失明的；C. silent沉默的；D. weak虚弱的。根据后文“the words I chose were to lip-read”可知，读唇语对应听力缺陷，说明父亲天生耳聋。 【25题详解】 考查动词。句意：小时候，我有时很难和他沟通，因为我说的话很难靠唇语读懂。A. wished希望；B. helped帮助；C. struggled费力，艰难进行；D. asked询问。根据后文“the challenge.”可知，作者和父亲沟通存在阻碍。 【26题详解】 考查形容词。句意同上。A. risky有风险的；B. difficult困难的；C. virtual虚拟的；D. clear清晰的。前文“When I was young, I sometimes  to communicate with him”提到沟通十分吃力，证明话语依靠唇语识别存在难度。 【27题详解】 考查动词。句意：但我学会用自己的方式应对这一难题。A. design设计；B. present呈现；C. identify识别；D. address处理，应对。根据前文“I learned how to employ my own approach”及后文“the challenge”可知，作者摸索出方法，应对和父亲沟通的难题。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：高中时，我赢得竞赛奖金，在一个暑假前往中国学习。A. valued重视；B. missed错过；C. researched研究；D. earned赢得，获得。根据后文“a competitive scholarship”可知，作者赢得比赛奖金。 【29题详解】 考查形容词。句意：初到成都，我无法流利说中文，感觉自己像个刚学走路的小孩。A. unreasonable不合理的；B. unable无法的；C. unwise不明智的；D. unwilling不情愿的。根据前文“Dropped into Chengdu”及后文“I found myself a toddler”可知，作者初到中国，语言不通，无法流利说中文。 【30题详解】 考查动词。句意：但我没有放弃。A. attempt尝试；B. wait等待；C. quit放弃；D. agree同意。根据后文“to deliver a speech in Chinese”可知，即便语言困难，作者也没有半途放弃。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：项目尾声，大家推选我代表500名奖学金获得者用中文发表演讲。A. represent代表；B. train训练；C. encourage鼓励；D. invite邀请。根据后文“the 500 scholarship recipients to deliver a speech in Chinese”可知，作者代表大家发表演讲。 【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：我的演讲确实收获了满堂喝彩。A. skills技能；B. comments评论；C. cheers欢呼，喝彩；D. medals奖牌。根据前文“My speech did win”可知，演讲取得成功，对应的观众反馈就是欢呼喝彩。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意：最后我回到家乡，和曾经素不相识的人建立了长久的友谊，如今我们还用中文交流。A. achievements成就；B. knowledge知识；C. happiness快乐；D. friendships友谊。根据后文“who I now communicate with in Chinese”可知，作者和素不相识的人建立了长久的友谊。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：多亏生命中遇见的陌生人，我懂得走出舒适区实际上能促成改变一生的经历。A. speed up加速；B. contribute to促成，带来；C. put off推迟；D. take over接管。根据前文“stepping out of my comfort zone”及后文“experiencing something life-changing”可知，作者意识到走出舒适区会收获改变人生的宝贵体验。 【35题详解】 考查副词。句意：从中国返程的航班上，我毅然选择坐在陌生人身边，这次经历果然没有让我失望。A. accidentally偶然地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. definitely坚定地，毅然；D. originally起初。根据前文“I always asked to be that person and considered it the greatest to meet someone outstanding”可知，作者一直愿意主动挨着陌生人，此次回国航班她依旧坚定做出这个选择。 七、语法填空-短文语法填空(共10题，共15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Namtso Lake in Xizang should not be missed by any visitors. What makes Namtso Lake special is that it is the highest altitude saltwater lake in the world. The water there is crystal-clear blue. Clear skies join its surface in ____36____ distance, creating an integrated, scenic view. The souls of the visitors ____37____ have ever been there seem to be cleansed by the pure water. Namtso Lake maintains its levels from rainfall ____38____ melted (融化) snow flowing from high mountains. Five islands stand in the water area, and another five bylands (半岛) stretch into the water from different ____39____ (direction). Zhaxi byland is the largest one. You can see many stone peaks when ____40____ (visit) this byland. Strange rocks, natural stone ladders and other wonders on Zhaxi byland show visitors a picture ____41____ (fill) with mystery and charm. Summer is the best time ____42____ (pay) a visit there. What will greet you then will be such a scene. Yaks, hares and other wild animals are ____43____ (glad) looking for food along the shores. Many young birds ____44____ (feed) by their parents. A large number ____45____ sheep and cows are like flowing blankets on the green grassland which can stretch as far as your eyes can see. 【答案】36. the 37. who##that 38. and 39. directions 40. visiting 41. filled 42. to pay 43. gladly 44. are being fed 45. of 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了西藏纳木错的独特自然风光，包括湖泊的独特地位、水源构成、特色半岛景观，以及夏季湖畔生机盎然的生态美景。 【36题详解】 考查冠词固定搭配。句意：澄澈的天空与湖面在远方连成一体，构成一幅浑然天成的秀丽景致。in the distance为固定搭配，意为“在远方、在远处”，故填定冠词the。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：所有曾到访此地的游客，心灵似乎都被这片纯净的湖水洗涤净化。先行词visitors指人，限制性定语从句缺少主语，可用who或that引导从句。 【38题详解】 考查连词。句意：纳木错依靠降雨和高山融雪补充水源，以此维持湖水水位稳定。rainfall与melted snow是两类并列的水源，需用并列连词and连接。 【39题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：水域内坐落着五座岛屿，另有五座半岛从不同方向延伸至湖中。different意为“不同的”，后接可数名词复数形式，作宾语，direction的复数为directions。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：游客游览这座半岛时，可以看到众多石峰景观。when引导的时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，完整的从句是when when you are visiting this byland，省略you are，空处使用现在分词visiting。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：扎西半岛上的怪石、天然石梯等自然奇观，为游客呈现出一幅充满神秘色彩与独特魅力的画卷。picture与fill存在被动关系，过去分词filled作后置定语。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：夏季是游览纳木错的最佳时节。固定结构the best time to do sth.，不定式作后置定语修饰time。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：牦牛、野兔以及其他野生动物正沿着湖岸欢快觅食。此处需要副词修饰动词looking，glad的副词形式为gladly。 【44题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：许多幼鸟正在由亲鸟喂食。主语young birds和feed是被动关系，结合语境使用现在进行时的被动语态are being fed。 【45题详解】 考查介词固定搭配。句意：成群的牛羊如同流动的绒毯，铺展在一望无际的青青草原上。固定短语a large number of，意为“大量、许多”。 八、应用文写作-投稿征文(共1题，共15分) 46. 假设你是李华，上周六你班参观了当地的传统手工作坊（handicraft workshop），请你写一则短文向校英文报投稿。内容包括： 1. 你的经历； 2. 你的收获。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 A Memorable Visit to a Handicraft Workshop ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: A Memorable Visit to a Handicraft Workshop Last Saturday, our class went on a journey through time to a local handicraft workshop, where the art of making is not just an exceptional skill, but a living, breathing tradition. As we stepped into the workshop, the air was filled with the scent of clay and the soft hum of tools at work. Stunned by a wide array of delicate ceramics, I embarked on my first attempt at a vase under the guidance of a seasoned craftsman. With the wheel spinning and clay taking form under my hands, I was overwhelmed with thrill and satisfaction. This experience has left me with a newfound respect for the art of making and deeper insights into the cultural heritage that the craft represents. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一则短文向校英文报投稿，说明参观当地的传统手工作坊的经历。 【详解】1.词汇积累 充满：be filled with→be full of 杰出的：exceptional→outstanding 传统：tradition→custom 满意：satisfaction→content 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：With the wheel spinning and clay taking form under my hands, I was overwhelmed with thrill and satisfaction. 拓展句：When I had the wheel spinning and clay under my hands, I was overwhelmed with thrill and satisfaction. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Last Saturday, our class went on a journey through time to a local handicraft workshop, where the art of making is not just an exceptional skill, but a living, breathing tradition. (运用了where引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] With the wheel spinning and clay taking form under my hands, I was overwhelmed with thrill and satisfaction. (运用了with的复合结构) 九、书面表达-读后续写(共1题，共25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The morning of March 6 was dim and cold. I listened to the radio on my drive. Suddenly, an SUV bumped into my car. By the end of the day, I learned my neck had broken in four places. Over the next few days in the hospital, I began to get a clearer picture of what had happened. A local high school student, rushing to class, had crossed the centre line and hit me head-on. I also heard he was very, very upset by what had happened. I felt bad that he had such a burden to bear at such a young age. I spent a lot of time just thinking about the teenage boy. I wondered how he was doing, both physically and emotionally. Fourteen months after the accident, I was grocery shopping when a woman approached me and asked if I was Suzanne. She introduced herself, and I realized it was the young boy’s mother. I appreciated learning how he was doing. He had also been injured, breaking his wrist, and had needed counselling to help with the emotional trauma (创伤) of causing the accident. He was now in college and had anxiety driving to class. I could certainly empathize (共情) with the difficulty of getting back behind the wheel of a car. Secretly, I wished I could talk to him, hoping he had moved on with his life and wasn’t distressed any longer. Seven months later, it was time for my daughter’s Christmas band concert at the high school. At the end of the concert, the choir director invited alumni (校友) of the high school choir who were in attendance to come up on stage and sing one last song with the current members. One young man in a white hoodie and ball cap ran up and stood on the stage. Suddenly, I realized that it was him, the driver. The concert ended. I squeezed my way through the crowd and up the stage stairs until I was next to him. He was smiling, happy, and joking around with his friends. “Hi, I’m Suzanne,” I said. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)按如下格式在相应位置作答。 He was completely shocked and knew who I was. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ We both were relieved and I patted his shoulder, turned, and ran down the stairs. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 He was completely shocked and knew who I was. He was in panic and anxious to apologize. I smiled at him, saying I just wanted to tell him that I was okay and never mad at him. Suddenly, he threw his arms around me, as if he didn’t care about all the people around us. I kept talking, “I know this was hard on you, and I’m sorry. I’m a better person for what happened that day. I really am. And I think about you all the time.” We both were relieved and I patted his shoulder, turned, and ran down the stairs. He followed to express his gratitude, saying my forgiveness gave him peace of mind, but I never felt like I had anything to forgive. It was an accident, and I was never angry or depressed about it. When he hugged me at that moment, I felt that any feelings of guilt, shame, or sadness he might still have had were swept away. In truth, though, it was healing for us. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索。作者被一名赶去上学的高中生驾车撞击，导致颈部四处骨折，受伤后她一直共情这名少年承受的心理负担，在事故过去21个月后两人意外重逢，作者主动告知少年自己从未怪罪他，这场双向的原谅与拥抱治愈了两人心中积压很久的情绪。 【详解】1. 续写线索： ①由续写第一段首句内容可知，本段可以描写少年得知面前是被自己撞车的作者后十分震惊，慌乱地想要道歉，作者笑着告诉他自己一切安好，从未对他生气，同时表达了自己的理解与体谅。 ②由续写第二段首句内容可知，本段可以描写二人都如释重负，少年对作者的原谅表达了感激，但作者并不觉得有什么原谅的，这次重逢冲散了二人心中的阴霾，完成了心理上的疗愈。 2. 段落续写：认出作者——震惊慌乱道歉——作者坦白心情——二人卸下负担——互相拥抱——彼此疗愈 3. 词汇激活： 行为类 ①表达：express/convey ②拥抱：hug/embrace 情绪类 ①恐慌：panic/scare ②沮丧：depressed/upset 【点睛】【高分句型1】I smiled at him, saying I just wanted to tell him that I was okay and never mad at him.(使用了现在分词作状语、省略that的宾语从句以及that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】When he hugged me at that moment, I felt that any feelings of guilt, shame, or sadness he might still have had were swept away. (使用了When引导时间状语从句、省略关系词的定语从句he might still have had) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高一英语试卷 满分150分，时间120分钟 注意事项： 1、答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2、不得随意在答题卡上涂改、乱画，使用黑色中性笔，认真规范答题，不得使用涂改液、修正带、透明胶等方法改错。 3、考试结束后，试卷本人留存将答题卡交回。 一、听力-听短对话(共5题，共7.5分) 1. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At a shop. B. At a school. C. At a hospital. 2. What made Joan annoyed? A. She failed to find a parking space. B. She was involved in a car crash. C. She received a parking ticket. 3. What might the man be? A. A teacher. B. A student. C. A mailman. 4. How does the woman feel about the food in the restaurant? A. Terrible. B. Average. C. Great. 5. When will the man see Dr Smith next Tuesday? A. At 8:00. B. At 8:30. C. At 9:00. 二、听力-听长对话(共11题，共16.5分) 听一段对话，回答下列小题。 6. Why does the man refuse the brown sweater? A. Its price is too high. B. Its size is too large. C. Its color is too dark. 7. How much does the man need to pay? A. $92. B. $100. C. $108. 听一段对话，回答下列小题。 8. Why is Tom going to New Zealand? A. To enjoy a holiday. B. To take a business trip. C. To hold a wedding. 9. What will Jane do on Saturday? A. Have dinner with Susan. B. Have a talk with her boss. C. Have a visit to Tom’s office. 听一段对话，回答下列小题。 10. What did Mike do this afternoon? A. He replaced his computer. B. He finished his work. C. He went to the gym. 11. What did Mary begin to do last week? A. Write an essay. B. Learn history. C. Help Mike with his study. 12. What’s Mary dissatisfied with? A. Her work. B. Mike’s work. C. Mike’s playing the piano. 听一段对话，回答下列小题。 13. How is Nancy? A. Badly ill. B. Quite stressful. C. Slightly relaxed. 14. What did Nancy spend most of her time doing? A. Studying. B. Sleeping. C. Making candles. 15. What does Jack advise Nancy to do? A. Take notes while listening. B. Write the essay at once. C. Go out for some fresh air. 16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Colleagues. C. Professor and student. 三、听力-听短文(共4题，共6分) 听一段独白，回答下列小题。 17. Who was from Scotland? A. Mary. B. Mary’s mother. C. Mary’s father. 18. Where did Mary first intend to offer her help? A. In Britain. B. In America. C. In Jamaica. 19. What is Mary famous for today? A. Her talent as a writer. B. Her work as a nurse. C. Her success as a hotel owner. 20. What is the speaker talking about? A. A historical event. B. A research finding. C. A person’s story. 四、阅读理解-阅读单选(共15题，共37.5分) A With more than a thousand small islands scattered across 500 miles in the Indian Ocean, the Maldives is a dream getaway. This 4-day trip will introduce you to the rich Maldivian culture and the beautiful scenery of the country. Day 1 Arrival in Male Our guide will meet you at Velana International Airport and then show you around the city. As a seaside city, Male is rich in fish resources on which many people make a living. Accordingly, our first stops are the fish market and nearby markets to know the lifestyle of the local people. After lunch, we will set out for Guraidhoo. It will take us about 40 minutes to get there by speedboat, and you may see dolphins on the way. Day 2 Guraidhoo After breakfast, it is time to go diving to discover beautiful house reefs (礁) at Guraidhoo. Don’t be nervous if you are inexperienced because we will provide free, good diving equipment and our tour guide will give each tourist accessible safety training and will make sure your equipment works well underwater. Day 3 Guraidhoo After a Guraidhoo-style breakfast, we will take a speedboat to two very attractive coral (珊瑚) reefs in the Maldives. Put on your diving equipment and we will continue to explore the mysterious sea world. The whole afternoon is for you to explore Guraidhoo as you like. You could take a walk along the coastline, enjoy sunbathing, or take some memorial photos against the stunning sea view. Also, you can make use of the free time to buy some souvenirs for your friends or families. Day 4 Departure from Male It’s time to say goodbye to our 4-day tour in the Maldives. After having breakfast at the hotel, you will be transported to Velana International Airport by speedboat at around 10:00 am for your departure flight. We wish you a safe journey back home. 1. On which day can tourists visit some markets? A. Day 1. B. Day 2. C. Day 3. D. Day 4. 2. What should tourists do before diving? A. Buy diving equipment. B. Research into house reefs. C. Receive necessary training. D. Learn underwater photography. 3. How will tourists get to the two coral reefs in the Maldives? A. By plane. B. By boat. C. By bus. D. By train. B When her mother, Pilar Roig, ran into trouble with a restoration (修复) project in Spain, Pilar Bosch found an old paper on the application of bacteria in art restoration. As a microbiologist, she was only searching for a subject for her PhD thesis, but her mother’s trouble in restoring 18th-century paintings in Santos Juanes Church made her take a closer look. After she found the lead that could benefit her mother’s work and a historical and cultural landmark, science and art joined forces in a 4-million-euro initiative to apply this technique. Normally, restorers evaluate the techniques and materials used to make artworks so an appropriate solvent mixture can be made to remove the outer layer without damaging the irreplaceable artworks. In most cases, a coat of varnish (清漆) is applied to the surface to separate the layers on top of the paintings and to prevent any problems with future restorations. However, in this case, Roig had an additional and stubborn coat to remove: glue. A poor effort in the 1960s damaged the priceless artworks even further, leaving behind a layer of glue made of animal collagen. The new approach involved feeding bacteria samples of the glue that became a difficulty for restorers to get through. Mixing the bacteria into an algae gel, restorers applied that solution to the surface. Like magic, the bacteria broke down the glue with the power of the self-made enzymes (酶). After three hours, it effectively removed the annoying animal collagen glue. The bacteria method turned out to be much better than conventional practices, which Roig described as horrible. “In the past, we used to work in a horrible manual way, with warm water and sponges that took too much time and damaged the paintings,” Roig stated. Bosch has brought this conservation technique to a variety of projects throughout Europe, thus advancing the field itself. Now, the microbiologist intends to apply the bacteria gel to remove troublesome graffiti from walls, a challenging problem. 4. What led Bosch to look into the old paper further? A. Her deep interest in art restoration. B. Her problem in writing the PhD thesis. C. Her mother’s desire to research into bacteria. D. Her mother’s trouble in restoring the paintings. 5. What challenge did Roig face in the restoration project? A. There was a complete shortage of funds. B. There was a serious lack of skillful restorers. C. The paintings were covered with glue hard to remove. D. The materials used to make the artworks were unknown. 6. How did the new approach differ from the traditional ones? A. It included chemical reactions. B. It used varnish to remove glue. C. It was more tiring but more effective. D. It took more time but caused less harm. 7. What is Bosch’s current goal according to the text? A. To actively market the bacteria gel. B. To restore valuable ancient paintings. C. To clear annoying drawings on walls. D. To become an outstanding graffiti artist. C Have you noticed 16 degrees Celsius doesn’t feel the exact same in fall as it does in spring and summer? I wondered why, so I went to meteorologists (气象学家) for help. “Spring and summer are wetter, so sweat doesn’t evaporate (蒸发) as easily, making us feel warmer,” explains Cheryl Nelson, a meteorologist based in Roanoke, Virginia. “Spring’s warmer ground radiates heat into the air, and that makes you feel a little warmer. In fall, the ground is cold, which gives the air a colder feel.” The angle of the sun in spring is different from that in fall: Because of the tilt of the earth, the sun is higher overhead and at a sharper angle. A higher sun delivers more direct sunlight than you’d get when the sun is lower. In fall, on the other hand, the sun is lower, and more of the sunlight is reflected, reducing the amount of heat absorbed by the ground and air, explains Erica Lopez, a bilingual meteorologist based in Jacksonville, Florida. “Besides, at the same temperature, the thinner air can feel colder, especially if it’s dry and the sun isn’t strong in fall,” says Lopez. “Fall is generally windier than spring and summer, making the weather a bit colder. Stronger winds will blow heat away from our skin faster, which makes us feel a chill,” says Jonathan Erdman, a senior digital meteorologist at Weather.com. “That’s the rationale behind wind chill.” Your sense of temperature can be associated with your metabolism, your body composition and where you live. Erdman has firsthand experience with this phenomenon: After growing up in Wisconsin and being perfectly fine with cold days, he settled in Atlanta for 16 years and felt every temperature dip. “While in the South, I definitely became less cold-tolerant (耐寒的). After moving back to Wisconsin nine years ago, I regained my cold tolerance,” he says. So, in a way, we not only have a body clock but also a body thermostat. It’s just another one of those fun science facts that confirms something you’ve long suspected! 8. What can we know from Nelson’s words? A. Feelings of temperature are related to the ground. B. Sense of temperature varies from person to person. C. People prefer spring to summer due to temperature. D. Sweat evaporates more easily in summer than in fall. 9. Why can the same temperature feel warmer in spring than in fall in Lopez’s view? A. It is often windier in fall. B. There is more rain in fall. C. The sun is higher in spring. D. The air is thinner in spring. 10. What does the underlined word “rationale” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Result. B. Belief. C. Intention. D. Reason. 11. What does the author intend to show by mentioning Erdman’s experience? A. Wisconsin is warm even in winter. B. People in Atlanta are cold-tolerant. C. Age has an effect on our cold tolerance. D. Our body gets used to our local climate. D Gliese 229B was first detected in 1995 by researchers at the Institute’s Palomar Observatory. They found methane (甲烷) in its atmosphere, typical of giant planets but not stars. This marked the first confirmed detection of brown dwarfs (棕矮星) — objects between planets and stars. Since then, hundreds of papers have been written about Gliese 229B. But a pressing mystery has persisted about this object: It is too dim (暗淡的) for its mass. Brown dwarfs are lighter than stars, and heavier than giant planets like Jupiter. And while astronomers measured the mass of Gliese 229B to be about 70 times that of Jupiter, an object of that weight should shine more brightly than what the telescopes observed. A Caltech-led team has now solved this mystery: Gliese 229B is actually two brown dwarfs, each about 38 and 34 times Jupiter’s mass. “Gliese 229B is the main example of a brown dwarf,” says Jerry W Xuan, lead author of the new study reporting the findings in the journal Nature. “And now we know it’s not one but two.” To resolve Gliese 229B into two objects, the team used an interferometer that combines light from four different telescopes to spatially resolve the body into two and another instrument to detect distinct spectral signatures from the two objects. The observations showed the brown dwarf duo, now called Gliese 229Ba and Gliese 229Bb, orbit each other every 12 days with a separation only 16 times larger than the distance between the Earth and the Moon. Together, the pair orbit an M-dwarf star every 250 years. “It is so nice to see that almost 30 years later, there has been a new development,” says Kulkarni, who is not an author on the current paper. The discovery suggests that similar brown dwarf or exoplanet pairs might be waiting to be found. An exoplanet is a planet that orbits a star other than our Sun. “Finding out that Gliese 229B is a pair not only explains its brightness but also helps us better understand brown dwarfs,” says Mawet, a senior research scientist. 12. Why was Gliese 229B considered mysterious? A. It was too bright for its small size. B. Its brightness didn’t match its mass. C. Its atmosphere didn’t contain methane. D. It was difficult to observe for its distance. 13. What has the Caltech-led team discovered about Gliese 229B? A. It has the same mass as stars. B. It is a large planet like Jupiter. C. It is made up of two brown dwarfs. D. It orbits an exoplanet every 250 years. 14. What is Kulkarni’s attitude towards the study? A. Unclear. B. Positive. C. Doubtful. D. Objective. 15. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning the discovery? A. Its result. B. Its process. C. Its prediction. D. Its significance. 五、阅读理解-七选五(共5题，共12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Providing feedback (反馈) is an important part of personal and career development. ____16____. One of the most effective and classic methods to make it easier for both the giver and receiver is the feedback sandwich approach. If you are seeking to enhance your career growth, learning about the feedback sandwich approach can be beneficial. ____17____. Rather than simply focusing on what went wrong, it ensures the person receiving the feedback also knows what went well. The process can be broken into three parts. A manager, for example, starts by providing positive feedback to encourage a person to continue his/her good work. ____18____. This feedback should be specific and relevant to the situation. The manager finally ends the communication with positive feedback. The feedback sandwich approach is a highly useful method. It can help soften the blow of criticism (批评). By starting and ending with positive feedback, it’s easier for the recipient to receive the constructive criticism without feeling attacked. ____19____. Additionally, it enables the meeting or interaction to end on a positive note. ____20____. It may sound insincere or predictable if not done correctly. Also, when feedback becomes a routine, employees can start to perceive positive feedback as simply a form of sugar-coating the negatives, thus reducing its value. Hence, positive feedback should not simply be seen as something to cushion the negative, but should be delivered to encourage good performance. A. Therefore, it may not work for every situation B. It’s necessary to be aware of its limitations, though C. The approach may lead to disharmonious relationships D. Similarly, it is also easier for the giver to offer feedback E. Delivering constructive criticism, however, can be challenging F. Then they communicate constructive feedback for the person to improve G. It involves using constructive feedback wrapped between two layers of positive feedback 六、完形填空(共15题，共15分) All the planes taken by my family had four or six seats in each row. Therefore, someone in my family of five had to sit by a ____21____. I always asked to be that person and considered it the greatest ____22____ to meet someone outstanding. Since childhood, I have been aware that overcoming communication barriers is key to ____23____ meaningful relationships with others. My father is a successful scientist, but he has been ____24____ since birth. When I was young, I sometimes ____25____ to communicate with him because the words I chose were ____26____ to lip-read. But I learned how to employ my own approach to ____27____ the challenge. Gradually, I developed a passion for communication skills. Since kindergarten, I have loved Chinese culture. In high school, I ____28____ a competitive scholarship to study in China in a summer holiday. Dropped into Chengdu and ____29____ to speak the language fluently, I found myself a toddler (学步儿童). However, I didn’t ____30____. At the end of the program, I was voted to ____31____ the 500 scholarship recipients to deliver a speech in Chinese. My speech did win ____32____. Finally, I returned home, developing lifelong ____33____ with former strangers, who I now communicate with in Chinese. Thanks to the strangers in my life, I learn stepping out of my comfort zone can, actually, ____34____ experiencing something life-changing. On the flight home from China I ____35____ chose to sit next to a stranger and it didn’t disappoint. 21. A. senior B. pilot C. kid D. stranger 22. A. task B. honor C. possibility D. mistake 23. A. establishing B. reflecting C. destroying D. testing 24. A. deaf B. blind C. silent D. weak 25. A. wished B. helped C. struggled D. asked 26. A. risky B. difficult C. virtual D. clear 27. A. design B. present C. identify D. address 28. A. valued B. missed C. researched D. earned 29. A. unreasonable B. unable C. unwise D. unwilling 30. A. attempt B. wait C. quit D. agree 31. A. represent B. train C. encourage D. invite 32. A. skills B. comments C. cheers D. medals 33. A. achievements B. knowledge C. happiness D. friendships 34. A. speed up B. contribute to C. put off D. take over 35. A. accidentally B. gradually C. definitely D. originally 七、语法填空-短文语法填空(共10题，共15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Namtso Lake in Xizang should not be missed by any visitors. What makes Namtso Lake special is that it is the highest altitude saltwater lake in the world. The water there is crystal-clear blue. Clear skies join its surface in ____36____ distance, creating an integrated, scenic view. The souls of the visitors ____37____ have ever been there seem to be cleansed by the pure water. Namtso Lake maintains its levels from rainfall ____38____ melted (融化) snow flowing from high mountains. Five islands stand in the water area, and another five bylands (半岛) stretch into the water from different ____39____ (direction). Zhaxi byland is the largest one. You can see many stone peaks when ____40____ (visit) this byland. Strange rocks, natural stone ladders and other wonders on Zhaxi byland show visitors a picture ____41____ (fill) with mystery and charm. Summer is the best time ____42____ (pay) a visit there. What will greet you then will be such a scene. Yaks, hares and other wild animals are ____43____ (glad) looking for food along the shores. Many young birds ____44____ (feed) by their parents. A large number ____45____ sheep and cows are like flowing blankets on the green grassland which can stretch as far as your eyes can see. 八、应用文写作-投稿征文(共1题，共15分) 46. 假设你是李华，上周六你班参观了当地的传统手工作坊（handicraft workshop），请你写一则短文向校英文报投稿。内容包括： 1. 你的经历； 2. 你的收获。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 A Memorable Visit to a Handicraft Workshop ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 九、书面表达-读后续写(共1题，共25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The morning of March 6 was dim and cold. I listened to the radio on my drive. Suddenly, an SUV bumped into my car. By the end of the day, I learned my neck had broken in four places. Over the next few days in the hospital, I began to get a clearer picture of what had happened. A local high school student, rushing to class, had crossed the centre line and hit me head-on. I also heard he was very, very upset by what had happened. I felt bad that he had such a burden to bear at such a young age. I spent a lot of time just thinking about the teenage boy. I wondered how he was doing, both physically and emotionally. Fourteen months after the accident, I was grocery shopping when a woman approached me and asked if I was Suzanne. She introduced herself, and I realized it was the young boy’s mother. I appreciated learning how he was doing. He had also been injured, breaking his wrist, and had needed counselling to help with the emotional trauma (创伤) of causing the accident. He was now in college and had anxiety driving to class. I could certainly empathize (共情) with the difficulty of getting back behind the wheel of a car. Secretly, I wished I could talk to him, hoping he had moved on with his life and wasn’t distressed any longer. Seven months later, it was time for my daughter’s Christmas band concert at the high school. At the end of the concert, the choir director invited alumni (校友) of the high school choir who were in attendance to come up on stage and sing one last song with the current members. One young man in a white hoodie and ball cap ran up and stood on the stage. Suddenly, I realized that it was him, the driver. The concert ended. I squeezed my way through the crowd and up the stage stairs until I was next to him. He was smiling, happy, and joking around with his friends. “Hi, I’m Suzanne,” I said. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)按如下格式在相应位置作答。 He was completely shocked and knew who I was. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ We both were relieved and I patted his shoulder, turned, and ran down the stairs. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $