提升练03 阅读理解（说明文）Unit 3 To be a good learner-【题型易-暑期提升练】2026-2027学年译林版八年级题型重点突破真题集中操练

**基本信息** 聚焦八年级说明文阅读，构建“文本特征-题型解法-真题应用”三维训练体系，融合解题指导与名校真题，提升语言理解与逻辑分析能力，培养学习策略与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |解题指导|7类文本特点+4项准则|先题干定位、原文找依据、绝对词排除|从文体特征到答题规范，建立阅读框架| |答题技巧|5大题型技巧|关键词锁定、代词就近指代、结构题抓逻辑词|题型与解法对应，形成“识别-定位-推断”路径| |真题训练|12篇名校检测题|分论点概括、主旨公式（方法+优势）|以题载法，覆盖学习类话题，强化高频考点突破|

暑期 · 题型突破 提升练03阅读理解（说明文） 八上 题型重点突破（新教材译林版） （解题指导+名校真题） 一、解题指导：八年级说明文 1. 文本特点：话题聚焦记忆方法、英语学习、高效预习复习、语言礼仪、肢体语言、拼音、音乐助学等学习类内容；句式简短，生词量适中，多举学生日常实例；行文以总 - 分、总 - 分总为主；固定题型：细节理解、代词指代、词义猜测、段落主旨、篇章结构、主旨标题、文章开篇方式，结构识图是八年级高频特色题型。 2. 通用答题准则：坚持先看题干再定位原文；所有答案必须原文有依据，禁止主观脑补；含 only/all 等绝对词选项直接排除；结构题区分总起、分论点、总结段落快速匹配图示。 3. 八年级专属难点：代词指代、篇章结构图、文章开篇方式（提问 / 举例 / 叙事）、分论点概括，做题优先标记每段中心句。 二、答题技巧 1. 信息获取：圈关键词（学习方法、时间、工具）定位原文，数字、专有名词快速锁定。例 Passage4 四种学习技巧，用 First/Second 等连接词直接匹配选项。 2. 代词 & 词义猜测：代词就近向前找核心名词；生词依托前后对比、举例释义，passively 结合后文 active 推断词义。 3. 段落 & 结构题：分论点段抓逻辑词 firstly/finally；总起段多为设问开篇，总分结构一眼区分，对应 Passage3 结构识图题型。 4. 推理判断：答案不能直接摘抄原文，从作者建议、实验结论合理延伸，如音乐助学篇推出可借助歌曲背单词。 5. 主旨标题：学习类文章主旨公式：学习方法 / 语言技巧 + 优势；标题避开单一细节，选择覆盖全文核心方法的选项。 Passage 1 （25-26八年级上·江苏扬州·阶段检测）Students who learn language often think they have memory problems. They worry because they can’t remember words. In fact the problem usually isn’t with their memory. The problem is with how they study. To remember words better, you need to understand how memory works. There are two kinds of memory: short-term and long-term. When you see, hear or read something, it goes first into short-term memory. But short-term memory lasts for only a few seconds. You will only remember something longer if it goes into long-term memory. Your long-term memory is like a very big library with many, many books. It’s organized. When you put away a book or memory—you can’t just leave it anywhere. You have to choose a place where you can find it again. How can you do this with vocabulary? The answer is to work with the word and think about the word in new ways. You can do this by writing new sentences that include it. Even better, you can invent a little story about the word with people or places that you know. Another way is to make a picture in your mind with the word. For example, if the word is height, you can think of the tallest person you know and try to guess his or her height. All of these activities are good ways to think about words. They make the meanings of words stronger in your long-term memory. And they give a way to find a word when you need it. 1. In the writer’s opinion, students can’t remember words because ________. A．they have memory problems B．they are too worried C．they don’t use a proper way D．they don’t like to study 2. Which is TRUE about memory according to the passage? A．Short-term memory is seldom used. B．What we see goes into long-term memory first. C．We will forget a word soon if it goes into short-term memory. D．We will never forget a word if it goes into long-term memory. 3. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 means long-term memory ________. A．keeps many books like a large library B．works like a well-organized library C．gives you any book D．leaves memory anywhere 4. This passage mainly tells us about ________. A．Students’ language problems in study B．how to make the meanings of words stronger C．short-term and long-term memory D．ways to remember words better Passage 2 （25-26八年级上·江苏南京·阶段检测）Researchers found how parents’ communication styles help their young children to develop language skills. Daniel Yurovsky, professor of psychology at Carnegie Mellon University and his team developed a method to experimentally evaluate (评估) how parents use what they know about their children’s language when they talk to them. They found that parents have exact models of their children’s language knowledge, and use these models to tune (调整) the language they use when speaking to them. “We have known for years that parents talk to children more differently than to other adults in a lot of ways. For example, simplifying their speech, repeating words and stretching out vowel sounds.” said Yurovsky. “That helps young kids get a toehold into language, but that parents change the way they talk as children are learning language, gives children language input that is ‘just right’ for learning the next thing.” Yurovsky and his team continued to study to understand exactly how parents tune their interactions to match their child’s speech development. The team developed a game where parents helped their children to pick a specific animal from a set of three. Half of the animals in the matching game were animals that children typically learn before age 2, like cat and cow. And the other half were animals that are typically learned later such as peacock and leopard. The researchers asked 41 child-adult pairs to play the game. They measured the differences in how parents talked about animals they thought their children knew and those they thought their children did not know. They found parents had an unbelievably exact knowledge of their child’s language because they watched them grow and learn. These results showed that parents leveraged (利用) their knowledge of their children’s language development to fine-tune the information they provided. “We found that parents not only used what they already knew about their children’s language knowledge before the study, but also that if they found out they were wrong—their child didn’t actually know ‘leopard’, for example, they changed the way they talked about that animal the next time around.” said Yurovsky. “Right now we train language models by giving them all of the language data we can get our hands on all at once. But we might do better if we could give them the right data at the right time, keeping it at just the right level that they are ready for.” Yurovsky added. 1. Why do parents talk to children differently than to other adults? A．To call for their kids’ attention. B．To make their talks understood. C．To reduce kids’ fear to face difficulties. D．To help develop their kids’ languages. 2. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The ways parents tune to match their child’s speech. B．The game that helps children to pick a specific animal. C．The experiment to find out how parents love their children. D．The methods children and parents use to talk with each other. 3. According to the writer, language trainers or teachers should ________. A．explain the word “leopard” in another way B．leverage children’s knowledge to fit theirs C．offer language information when it’s proper D．have lots of children’s language knowledge 4. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? A．How Young Children Start to Learn Skills from Their Parents. B．How Parents’ Ways of Talking Benefit Kids’ Language Skills. C．Why Communication Styles Help Develop Children’s Learning. D．Why Educated Parents Have Knowledge of Their Kids’ Language. Passage 3 （25-26八年级上·广东广州·期中）If you’ve ever found yourself forgetting where you left your keys or forgetting information on important tests, you’ve probably wondered how to improve memory. There are a lot of things for you to do to improve your memory. Focus your attention Attention is one of the most important parts of memory. In order to move information from your short-term memory into your long-term memory, you need to actively attend to the information. Try to study in a place without television, music, and games. Remember, set aside a period of time to be alone. Ask your roommates to give you some space so you can focus on your work. Remember important information Have you ever noticed how it is sometimes easier to remember the information at the beginning or the end of a passage? Researchers have found that the order of information can play a role in recalling (回忆起) things. But recalling the middle information can be difficult. You can solve this problem by spending more time remembering this information. Read out loud Researchers have found that reading materials (材料) out loud can improve your memory for the materials. Students can use this way to remember words, sentences and passages. When using this way, you’d better ask others around you for permission or do together. Get a good sleep Researchers have long known that sleep is important for memory and learning. Research has shown that taking a short rest after you learn something new can actually help you learn faster and remember better. So the next time you want to learn new information, consider getting a good sleep after your study. 1. If you read a book with five parts, which part is the most difficult for you to recall? A．The first part. B．The third part. C．The first two parts. D．The fifth part. 2. What do the underlined words “this way” refer to? A．Reading out loud. B．Choosing good materials. C．Asking for permission. D．Improving your memory. 3. What do we know from the fifth paragraph? A．You need more time to remember information. B．Learning some new things needs more time. C．A good sleep can help you remember better. D．A short rest is not helpful in learning new things. 4. What is the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 4 （25-26八年级上·安徽亳州·期末）English communication skills are very important in our daily life. Whether you are studying, working or traveling, good English communication can help you a lot. Here are some useful tips to improve your English communication skills. First, practice speaking as much as possible. Don’t be afraid of making mistakes. You can speak English with your classmates, friends or family members. If you don’t have a partner, you can talk to yourself or record your voice and listen to it. This can help you find your problems and improve your pronunciation. Second, listen to English more. You can watch English movies, TV shows or listen to English songs and podcasts. When listening, try to understand the main idea and take notes of some useful words and sentences. This can help you improve your listening ability and expand your vocabulary. Third, read English materials regularly. You can read English newspapers, magazines, storybooks or online articles. Reading can help you learn new words and grammar structures, and it can also improve your writing skills. After reading, you can try to retell the content in your own words. Finally, be confident. When communicating in English, believe in yourself. Even if you make mistakes, don’t give up. Keep practicing, and you will make great progress. 1. How many tips are mentioned to improve English communication skills? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 2. What can you do if you don’t have a speaking partner? A．Talk to yourself. B．Give up practicing. C．Only read English books. D．Watch English movies all day. 3. Which of the following is NOT a way to improve listening ability? A．Watching English movies. B．Listening to English songs. C．Recording your own voice. D．Listening to English podcasts. 4. What is the most important thing when communicating in English? A．Being rich. B．Being confident. C．Being tall. D．Being quiet. Passage 5 （25-26八年级上·河北唐山·期末）Chinese has a history of thousands of years. But Pinyin doesn’t. It tells people how to pronounce Chinese words. This year, Pinyin turns 67 years old. In 1958, Chinese linguist (语言学家) Zhou Youguang and his team made Pinyin. Before that, Chinese people used many other ways to show how to pronounce Chinese words. But these ways are not as easy to use as Pinyin. Because of Pinyin, more people learn how to read. Pinyin is a big part of our daily life. We learn to speak Putonghua with the help of Pinyin. We write Chinese on computers by using Pinyin. Pinyin is young. But it is now very popular outside China. It is becoming a bridge between China and other countries. Many people around the world start to learn Chinese by learning Pinyin. You might say “nihao” to mean “hello” to a foreign friend. People are using Pinyin more often than before. For example, some foreigners don’t use “dumplings”. They like to use “jiaozi”. And “mantou” is for “steamed bun”. The Oxford English Dictionary (《牛津英语词典》) has more than 100 Chinese words in Pinyin, such as zhongguomeng for “China Dream”, and wanggou for “online shopping”. 1. What does the underlined word “pronounce” probably mean? A．Listen. B．Watch. C．Write. D．Speak. 2. Which of the following shows Pinyin is becoming popular around the world? A．Foreigners use English words to understand Pinyin. B．More Chinese words in Pinyin are in the English dictionary. C．Many Chinese words have a much longer history than Pinyin. D．There are few ways to show how to pronounce words in Pinyin. 3. In which part of the school newspaper can you probably read this passage? A．Daily News. B．Sports Meeting. C．Language Study. D．Free Time Activities. 4. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Something about Pinyin B．How to learn Chinese C．How to pronounce English D．How to look up words in the dictionary Passage 6 （25-26八年级上·河北石家庄·期末）Many students think that learning just means reading books again and again. However, effective (有效的) learning is not only about working hard but also about using the right ways. Firstly, previewing (预习) a lesson before class is very useful. It helps you understand the main idea and find out what you might find difficult. When you preview, you are not trying to learn everything. Just spend about ten minutes looking through the new lesson. This small step can make a big difference in class. Secondly, don’t just read your textbooks passively. Try to be an active learner. This means you should ask yourself questions while you study. You can also take notes in your own words or draw mind maps to connect ideas. Studies show that when you actively use knowledge, you remember it much longer. For example, explaining a science idea to a friend is a great way to check if you really understand it yourself. Finally, review (复习) what you have learned to store information in your memory. A good way is to review your notes after class and then again a few days later. This is more effective than making all your studying into one long session (一段时间) before an exam. So, don’t forget: Success comes from working hard little by little and finding your own way. When you discover how you learn best, you will become a great learner! 1. What is the main purpose (目的) of previewing a lesson? A．To finish all the exercises before the class. B．To remember all the new knowledge perfectly. C．To draw a complete mind map for the lesson. D．To understand the main idea and find the difficult parts. 2. What does the underlined word “passively” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．without thinking actively B．in a right way C．with great care D．with great interest 3. If a student often forgets what he has learned quickly, which suggestion from the text can help him? A．Previewing lessons for a long time. B．Focusing on the difficult parts during class. C．Review all lessons only one day before exams. D．Using knowledge actively, like explaining ideas to others. 4. What is the best title for the text? A．Be an Active Learner B．The Right Ways to Learn C．The Importance of Previewing D．How Your Brain Stores Information Passage 7 （25-26八年级上·河北唐山·期末）How can you remember a song for a long time? Why does your teacher use songs to teach you English? There is a reason for this. Researchers are studying the relationship between music and remembering a foreign language. “Singing could be a new way of learning, especially for a foreign language. The brain (大脑) likes to memorize things in a relaxing way. For example, children can remember difficult words quickly when they are in a song,” said Dr. Karen Ludke. If children find it difficult to learn foreign languages, this new way may help. On her blog, Dr. Ludke wrote, “A listen-and-repeat (重复) singing way can help to learn foreign languages and open the door for future research in this area.” Many language teachers know the importance of music and they often use it in teaching and learning. Hua Zhuying, a teacher at a Chinese language school in Washington DC, likes using songs in teaching Chinese. She said, “I use music all the time to teach children Chinese. Not only does it work, but it is fun for children. Sometimes I think if I learned English that way when I was young, maybe I could speak English much better.” Our brain likes music in learning languages, especially for remembering. If you are still having problems in learning a language, why not try singing it out? 1. How does the writer start the text? A．By asking questions. B．By telling a story. C．By listing numbers. D．By giving an example. 2. What does the underlined word “memorize” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Study. B．Read. C．Collect. D．Remember. 3. Why does the writer mention (提到) Hua Zhuying in Paragraph 3? A．To show that many language teachers’ English is very good. B．To show that many language teachers know the importance of music. C．To show that children can learn Chinese and music in Washington DC． D．To show that little children want to learn foreign languages in music. 4. What’s the best title for this text? A．The importance of music B．A great foreign language teacher C．Learning foreign languages in music D．Ways of learning foreign languages Passage 8 （25-26八年级上·陕西榆林·期末） In our daily lives, we talk with many people. Being polite is not just a good habit; it’s a key to making communication more pleasant. English has special ways to show respect, especially when we ask for help or permission (许可). When we ask someone to do something, how we ask makes a big difference. Instead of a direct order like “Sweep the floor”, a polite request (请求) is better. Using “Could you please ...?” works well. “Could” sounds softer than “can”, which shows more respect. Adding “please” makes it even friendlier. When we want permission, the words we choose are also important. “Can ...?” is common with friends, but “Could I...?” is more polite. Asking a friend, “Can I borrow your book?” is fine. But asking a teacher, “Could I ask a question?” shows respect for their role. Politeness is also two-way. When you cannot help someone, just saying “No” can sound impolite. It’s better to give a short reason. For example, you could say, “I’m sorry, but I have to finish my homework first.” This shows you respect their request, even if you can’t agree. Using these polite words is an easy way to build better relationships. 1. What does the writer think about being polite? A．It is helpful for better communication. B．It is hard to learn in a short time. C．It is only useful when talking to teachers. D．It means always saying “yes” to others. 2. Which is the politest way to ask someone to sweep the floor, according to the passage? A．Sweep the floor now! B．Can you sweep the floor? C．Could you please sweep the floor? D．I want you to sweep the floor. 3. The writer mainly explains his points by __________. A．sharing jokes B．giving examples C．using numbers D．comparing test results 4. What is the best title for this passage? A．How to Say “No” Politely B．Ways to Talk to Teachers C．Why We Need Good Habits D．Polite Ways to Communicate in English Passage 9 （25-26八年级上·重庆沙坪坝·周测）①Have you ever watched a silent film and tried to guess what the characters were saying? Body language, like facial expressions, is the mirror of a person’s feelings. It helps us communicate without saying much at all. ②Sometimes we can share the common sense from culture to culture. Turning red-faced shows one’s anger, shock or excitement. The wide eyes with a half-opened mouth mean surprise. Also, some other body movements can express the same meanings in different cultures. For example, being back in one’s seat and yawning at a talk show shows people are not interested, and looking at the watch from time to time in a conversation means people have something to do in a hurry. ③However, not all body language can show the same meanings in different cultures. What holds true for Indians may not be the same in Africa. First of all, in some cultures, people respect and encourage the direct eye contact. In English, there is a saying, “Don’t trust anyone who won’t look you in the eye.” In many countries, direct eye contact between two people is considered important. According to most Western cultures, if a person looks directly at you, it is a sign that the person is honest and sincere and even can be trusted. While many cultures believe that direct eye contact from a child to an adult is an act of respect. ④The OK sign, which is commonly used in many cultures, also has different meanings across the cultures. It means agreement in North American culture. But to French, it means “zero” or “valueless”, not “fine” or “OK”. Touching is another example. At times, saying hello could turn into a disaster if one does not consider the use of touch in another culture. A general and accepted way of saying “Hello” in Western culture is a simple handshake. A great deal of importance has been placed on how one should shake hands. ⑤So, the next time you decide to travel to another country, besides looking up places to visit, a quick search or a book can guide you on how to use proper body language to better communicate with the local people, and avoid being impolite to them during your stay! 1. What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．A silent film. B．The mirror. C．Body language. D．A person’s feeling. 2. According to the passage, which one has the similar meaning from culture to culture? A．Turning red-faced. B．Direct eye contact. C．The OK sign. D．A simple handshake. 3. Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．Body language is more important B．Body language helps you go travelling C．Body language changes among cultures D．Body language influences communication Passage 10 （25-26八年级上·辽宁沈阳·期末）Lisa is a 12-year-old girl. She has a problem of remembering English words. Do you have the same problem as Lisa? Don’t worry. These tips might help you. Just reading words and their Chinese meanings over and over won’t help much. When you see a word, don’t look at the Chinese meaning—try to picture it yourself. For example, when you see “delicious”, you can connect it with a tasty dish (美味的菜肴). Then you can remember its meaning better. You can also make English words part of your everyday life. Try writing words like “mirror” and “table” on sticky notes (便利贴) and putting them on the real things. You will see and practise them often. Sometimes you forget the words you just learned. That’s okay. It happens to everyone. The key is to review (复习) regularly, but not every day. Wait longer each time: start after one hour, then wait one day, three days, ________, and finally two weeks. 1. What problem does Lisa have? A．She is already 12 years old. B．She is the only girl at school. C．She worries about herself. D．She forgets English words. 2. What can help you remember the word “delicious”? A．Its Chinese meaning. B．A tasty dish. C．Some sticky notes. D．The regular review. 3. Which word should be filled in the blank (横线) ________? A．a week B．a month C．a year D．a minute 4. Which is the correct order of the pictures according to the text? A．a; b; c B．a; c; b C．c; a; b D．c; b; a Passage 11 （25-26八年级上·广东广州·阶段检测）Do you know when the 2024 United Nations Chinese Language Day was? It took place on April 20, 2024. To celebrate it, the Fourth China Media Group (CMG) Overseas Chinese Language Video Festival started on March 19, 2024. The video festival was held by CMG. It wanted to collect video works from all over the world. A Chinese folk concert by young musicians and an exhibition of creative Chinese characters (创意中文字展览) by artists were held at the Palais des Nations on April 23,2024. The fourth CMG Overseas Chinese Language Video Festival invited friends around the world to learn about Chinese culture. The festival set up nine categories with 18 prizes. The winners were invited to the Palais des Nations to take part in a series of activities to celebrate the 2024 UN Chinese Language Day. They also had the opportunity to take a trip to China. Then they could know about the traditions of China. The excellent video works were shown at the UN Chinese Language Day celebrations. People could enjoy them. The meaning of the United Nations Chinese Language Day comes from Guyu (谷雨). It means “Grain Rain”. It is the sixth of 24 solar terms in the traditional East Asian calendar. It pays tribute to (歌颂) Cangjie (仓颉). Cangjie was a famous man in ancient China. People called him the inventor of Chinese characters. This was the fourth year that CMG in Europe has organized the event on the United Nations Chinese Language Day. 1. How does the writer start the passage? A．By asking a question. B．By telling a story. C．By giving an example. D．By comparing some facts. 2. If they win the prizes, they could get the following EXCEPT that ______. A．they could take part in a series of activities B．they could take a trip to China C．they could receive a lot of money D．their video works would be shown at the celebrations 3. What does the underlined word “opportunity” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．university. B．invention. C．chance. D．competition. 4. Where is the passage most probably from? A．A novel. B．A newspaper. C．A dictionary. D．An advertisement. Passage 12 （24-25八年级上·辽宁大连·期末）We often ask for information or help, especially when we visit a foreign country. So knowing how to ask for information politely (有礼貌地) is important. In English, “Where are the restrooms?” and “Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?” are correct (正确的) English, but the first could sound rude. It’s important to use correct language, but sometimes we need to learn how to be polite. In English, just like in Chinese, we change the way we speak when talking with different people. If you say to your teacher, “Where is my book?” This will sound rude. But if you say, “Excuse me, Mr. West. Do you know where my book is?” Your question will sound much more polite. Of course it might be all right to say “Where is my book?” in some situations (情形), perhaps with people you know well. “Peter, give me your pen.” can sound rude in English. Usually in English, polite questions are longer such as “Could you please…?” or “Can I ask…?” It sounds more polite to say. “Peter, could you please give me your pen?” Sometimes we might even need to spend some time when we stop a stranger in the street. We might first say, “Excuse me. Can you help me?” or “I’m sorry to trouble you but.” before asking them for help. It might seem that speaking politely is more difficult than being direct (直接的). However, if you want to be a polite person, you should learn about language etiquette (礼仪). It is just as important as learning grammar or vocabulary. And doing this will also help you become better at English, or any other language you wish to speak. 1. Which is the polite way when you ask for help? A．Pass me the watch, Li Tao. B．Where is the supermarket? C．Tell me where I can find a bank. D．Could you please give me your pen? 2. Why do we need to learn polite language? Because ________. A．it can improve our grammar and vocabulary B．it can help us become better at English C．Everyone wants to be polite D．the teachers tell us to do so 3. From the passage, we can infer (推测) the writer ________. A．thinks being direct is nothing important B．knows much about spoken language C．is good at asking for directions D．often speaks many languages 4. What’s the main idea of the passage? A．How to start a polite talking with strangers. B．Correct language is as important as polite language. C．How to use correct language is important. D．People should learn to speak politely. 11 / 15乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $暑期 · 题型突破 提升练03阅读理解（说明文） 八上 题型重点突破（新教材译林版） （解题指导+名校真题） 一、解题指导：八年级说明文 1. 文本特点：话题聚焦记忆方法、英语学习、高效预习复习、语言礼仪、肢体语言、拼音、音乐助学等学习类内容；句式简短，生词量适中，多举学生日常实例；行文以总 - 分、总 - 分总为主；固定题型：细节理解、代词指代、词义猜测、段落主旨、篇章结构、主旨标题、文章开篇方式，结构识图是八年级高频特色题型。 2. 通用答题准则：坚持先看题干再定位原文；所有答案必须原文有依据，禁止主观脑补；含 only/all 等绝对词选项直接排除；结构题区分总起、分论点、总结段落快速匹配图示。 3. 八年级专属难点：代词指代、篇章结构图、文章开篇方式（提问 / 举例 / 叙事）、分论点概括，做题优先标记每段中心句。 二、答题技巧 1. 信息获取：圈关键词（学习方法、时间、工具）定位原文，数字、专有名词快速锁定。例 Passage4 四种学习技巧，用 First/Second 等连接词直接匹配选项。 2. 代词 & 词义猜测：代词就近向前找核心名词；生词依托前后对比、举例释义，passively 结合后文 active 推断词义。 3. 段落 & 结构题：分论点段抓逻辑词 firstly/finally；总起段多为设问开篇，总分结构一眼区分，对应 Passage3 结构识图题型。 4. 推理判断：答案不能直接摘抄原文，从作者建议、实验结论合理延伸，如音乐助学篇推出可借助歌曲背单词。 5. 主旨标题：学习类文章主旨公式：学习方法 / 语言技巧 + 优势；标题避开单一细节，选择覆盖全文核心方法的选项。 Passage 1 （25-26八年级上·江苏扬州·阶段检测）Students who learn language often think they have memory problems. They worry because they can’t remember words. In fact the problem usually isn’t with their memory. The problem is with how they study. To remember words better, you need to understand how memory works. There are two kinds of memory: short-term and long-term. When you see, hear or read something, it goes first into short-term memory. But short-term memory lasts for only a few seconds. You will only remember something longer if it goes into long-term memory. Your long-term memory is like a very big library with many, many books. It’s organized. When you put away a book or memory—you can’t just leave it anywhere. You have to choose a place where you can find it again. How can you do this with vocabulary? The answer is to work with the word and think about the word in new ways. You can do this by writing new sentences that include it. Even better, you can invent a little story about the word with people or places that you know. Another way is to make a picture in your mind with the word. For example, if the word is height, you can think of the tallest person you know and try to guess his or her height. All of these activities are good ways to think about words. They make the meanings of words stronger in your long-term memory. And they give a way to find a word when you need it. 1. In the writer’s opinion, students can’t remember words because ________. A．they have memory problems B．they are too worried C．they don’t use a proper way D．they don’t like to study 2. Which is TRUE about memory according to the passage? A．Short-term memory is seldom used. B．What we see goes into long-term memory first. C．We will forget a word soon if it goes into short-term memory. D．We will never forget a word if it goes into long-term memory. 3. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 means long-term memory ________. A．keeps many books like a large library B．works like a well-organized library C．gives you any book D．leaves memory anywhere 4. This passage mainly tells us about ________. A．Students’ language problems in study B．how to make the meanings of words stronger C．short-term and long-term memory D．ways to remember words better 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章针对语言学习者常遇到的记不住单词的问题展开，指出问题并非出在记忆力上，而是学习方法不当；介绍了记忆的两种类型及其特点，还详细说明了通过用单词造新句、编小故事、在脑海中构建画面等方法，将单词转化为长期记忆，从而更好地记住单词。 【详解】1. 细节理解题。根据“Students who learn language often think they have memory problems. They worry because they can’t remember words. In fact the problem usually isn’t with their memory. The problem is with how they study.”可知，作者认为学生记不住单词是因为学习方法不当，故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据“When you see hear or read something, it goes first into short-term memory. But short-term memory lasts for only a few seconds.”可知，进入短期记忆的内容只能持续几秒钟，很快会被忘记，C选项表述正确，故选C。 3. 词句猜测题。根据“Your long-term memory is like a very big library with many, many books. It’s organized. When you put away a book or memory—you can’t just leave it anywhere. You have to choose a place where you can find it again.”可知，长期记忆像一个有组织的大图书馆，需要把“书籍（记忆）”放在特定位置以便再次找到，强调其“有条理”的特点，故选B。 4. 主旨大意题。根据文章内容，开篇指出学生记不住单词的问题在于学习方法，随后介绍记忆类型，最终重点说明记住单词的方法，核心是“如何更好地记住单词”，故选D。 Passage 2 （25-26八年级上·江苏南京·阶段检测）Researchers found how parents’ communication styles help their young children to develop language skills. Daniel Yurovsky, professor of psychology at Carnegie Mellon University and his team developed a method to experimentally evaluate (评估) how parents use what they know about their children’s language when they talk to them. They found that parents have exact models of their children’s language knowledge, and use these models to tune (调整) the language they use when speaking to them. “We have known for years that parents talk to children more differently than to other adults in a lot of ways. For example, simplifying their speech, repeating words and stretching out vowel sounds.” said Yurovsky. “That helps young kids get a toehold into language, but that parents change the way they talk as children are learning language, gives children language input that is ‘just right’ for learning the next thing.” Yurovsky and his team continued to study to understand exactly how parents tune their interactions to match their child’s speech development. The team developed a game where parents helped their children to pick a specific animal from a set of three. Half of the animals in the matching game were animals that children typically learn before age 2, like cat and cow. And the other half were animals that are typically learned later such as peacock and leopard. The researchers asked 41 child-adult pairs to play the game. They measured the differences in how parents talked about animals they thought their children knew and those they thought their children did not know. They found parents had an unbelievably exact knowledge of their child’s language because they watched them grow and learn. These results showed that parents leveraged (利用) their knowledge of their children’s language development to fine-tune the information they provided. “We found that parents not only used what they already knew about their children’s language knowledge before the study, but also that if they found out they were wrong—their child didn’t actually know ‘leopard’, for example, they changed the way they talked about that animal the next time around.” said Yurovsky. “Right now we train language models by giving them all of the language data we can get our hands on all at once. But we might do better if we could give them the right data at the right time, keeping it at just the right level that they are ready for.” Yurovsky added. 1. Why do parents talk to children differently than to other adults? A．To call for their kids’ attention. B．To make their talks understood. C．To reduce kids’ fear to face difficulties. D．To help develop their kids’ languages. 2. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The ways parents tune to match their child’s speech. B．The game that helps children to pick a specific animal. C．The experiment to find out how parents love their children. D．The methods children and parents use to talk with each other. 3. According to the writer, language trainers or teachers should ________. A．explain the word “leopard” in another way B．leverage children’s knowledge to fit theirs C．offer language information when it’s proper D．have lots of children’s language knowledge 4. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? A．How Young Children Start to Learn Skills from Their Parents. B．How Parents’ Ways of Talking Benefit Kids’ Language Skills. C．Why Communication Styles Help Develop Children’s Learning. D．Why Educated Parents Have Knowledge of Their Kids’ Language. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了父母如何通过调整自己的交流方式来帮助孩子发展语言技能。 1. 细节理解题。根据“Researchers found how parents’ communication styles help their young children to develop language skills.”和“That helps young kids get a toehold into language”可知，父母与孩子交流方式不同的目的是帮助孩子发展语言能力。故选D。 2. 主旨大意题。根据“Yurovsky and his team continued to study to understand exactly how parents tune their interactions to match their child’s speech development.”可知，本段主要讲述父母如何调整交流方式以匹配孩子的语言发展。故选A。 3. 推理判断题。根据“But we might do better if we could give them the right data at the right time, keeping it at just the right level that they are ready for.”可知，语言培训者或教师应在适当的时候提供语言信息。故选C。 4. 最佳标题题。全文围绕父母如何通过调整交流方式帮助孩子发展语言技能展开，因此最佳标题应体现这一主题。选项B“How Parent’s Ways of Talking Benefit Kids’ Language Skills”最符合文章主旨。故选B。 Passage 3 （25-26八年级上·广东广州·期中）If you’ve ever found yourself forgetting where you left your keys or forgetting information on important tests, you’ve probably wondered how to improve memory. There are a lot of things for you to do to improve your memory. Focus your attention Attention is one of the most important parts of memory. In order to move information from your short-term memory into your long-term memory, you need to actively attend to the information. Try to study in a place without television, music, and games. Remember, set aside a period of time to be alone. Ask your roommates to give you some space so you can focus on your work. Remember important information Have you ever noticed how it is sometimes easier to remember the information at the beginning or the end of a passage? Researchers have found that the order of information can play a role in recalling (回忆起) things. But recalling the middle information can be difficult. You can solve this problem by spending more time remembering this information. Read out loud Researchers have found that reading materials (材料) out loud can improve your memory for the materials. Students can use this way to remember words, sentences and passages. When using this way, you’d better ask others around you for permission or do together. Get a good sleep Researchers have long known that sleep is important for memory and learning. Research has shown that taking a short rest after you learn something new can actually help you learn faster and remember better. So the next time you want to learn new information, consider getting a good sleep after your study. 1. If you read a book with five parts, which part is the most difficult for you to recall? A．The first part. B．The third part. C．The first two parts. D．The fifth part. 2. What do the underlined words “this way” refer to? A．Reading out loud. B．Choosing good materials. C．Asking for permission. D．Improving your memory. 3. What do we know from the fifth paragraph? A．You need more time to remember information. B．Learning some new things needs more time. C．A good sleep can help you remember better. D．A short rest is not helpful in learning new things. 4. What is the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了四种提高记忆力的实用方法，分别是集中注意力、重点记忆信息、大声朗读和保证充足睡眠。 【详解】1. 根据“Remember important information”部分的内容“Have you ever noticed how it is sometimes easier to remember the information at the beginning or the end of a passage? ... But recalling the middle information can be difficult.”可知，文章开头和结尾的信息更容易记住，中间部分最难回忆。 在五部分的书中，第三部分是中间位置，因此最难回忆。 2. 根据“Read out loud”部分的内容“Researchers have found that reading materials (材料) out loud can improve your memory for the materials. Students can use this way to remember words, sentences and passages.”可知，“this way”指代前文提到的“reading materials out loud”，即大声朗读。 3. 第五段的核心内容是“睡眠对记忆与学习至关重要”，A、B选项的内容并非该段重点；D选项与原文意思相反， C选项“良好的睡眠能帮助你更好地记忆”符合段落主旨。 4. 通读全文可知，本文第1段总起，提出“有很多方法可以提高记忆力”； 第2至5段分别介绍四种提高记忆力的实用方法：集中注意力、重点记忆信息、大声朗读和保证充足睡眠； 整体结构为总——分结构。 Passage 4 （25-26八年级上·安徽亳州·期末）English communication skills are very important in our daily life. Whether you are studying, working or traveling, good English communication can help you a lot. Here are some useful tips to improve your English communication skills. First, practice speaking as much as possible. Don’t be afraid of making mistakes. You can speak English with your classmates, friends or family members. If you don’t have a partner, you can talk to yourself or record your voice and listen to it. This can help you find your problems and improve your pronunciation. Second, listen to English more. You can watch English movies, TV shows or listen to English songs and podcasts. When listening, try to understand the main idea and take notes of some useful words and sentences. This can help you improve your listening ability and expand your vocabulary. Third, read English materials regularly. You can read English newspapers, magazines, storybooks or online articles. Reading can help you learn new words and grammar structures, and it can also improve your writing skills. After reading, you can try to retell the content in your own words. Finally, be confident. When communicating in English, believe in yourself. Even if you make mistakes, don’t give up. Keep practicing, and you will make great progress. 1. How many tips are mentioned to improve English communication skills? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 2. What can you do if you don’t have a speaking partner? A．Talk to yourself. B．Give up practicing. C．Only read English books. D．Watch English movies all day. 3. Which of the following is NOT a way to improve listening ability? A．Watching English movies. B．Listening to English songs. C．Recording your own voice. D．Listening to English podcasts. 4. What is the most important thing when communicating in English? A．Being rich. B．Being confident. C．Being tall. D．Being quiet. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了提高英语沟通能力的四种实用方法：多说、多听、多读、保持自信。 1. 文章第二段至第五段分别介绍了四种方法：First practice speaking（第二段）、Second listen to English more（第三段）、Third read English materials（第四段）、Finally be confident（第五段）。因此共提到四个建议。 2. 第二段提到“If you don’t have a partner, you can talk to yourself or record your voice and listen to it”，说明没有口语伙伴时可以和自己对话。 3. 第三段提到提高听力的方式包括“watch English movies, TV shows or listen to English songs and podcasts”，而C项“录下自己的声音”出现在第二段“you can talk to yourself or record your voice and listen to it”，属于提高口语的方法，并非提高听力的方式。 4. 第五段提到“Finally, be confident. When communicating in English, believe in yourself. Even if you make mistakes, don’t give up.”，其中“believe in yourself”即“be confident”的同义表达。 Passage 5 （25-26八年级上·河北唐山·期末）Chinese has a history of thousands of years. But Pinyin doesn’t. It tells people how to pronounce Chinese words. This year, Pinyin turns 67 years old. In 1958, Chinese linguist (语言学家) Zhou Youguang and his team made Pinyin. Before that, Chinese people used many other ways to show how to pronounce Chinese words. But these ways are not as easy to use as Pinyin. Because of Pinyin, more people learn how to read. Pinyin is a big part of our daily life. We learn to speak Putonghua with the help of Pinyin. We write Chinese on computers by using Pinyin. Pinyin is young. But it is now very popular outside China. It is becoming a bridge between China and other countries. Many people around the world start to learn Chinese by learning Pinyin. You might say “nihao” to mean “hello” to a foreign friend. People are using Pinyin more often than before. For example, some foreigners don’t use “dumplings”. They like to use “jiaozi”. And “mantou” is for “steamed bun”. The Oxford English Dictionary (《牛津英语词典》) has more than 100 Chinese words in Pinyin, such as zhongguomeng for “China Dream”, and wanggou for “online shopping”. 1. What does the underlined word “pronounce” probably mean? A．Listen. B．Watch. C．Write. D．Speak. 2. Which of the following shows Pinyin is becoming popular around the world? A．Foreigners use English words to understand Pinyin. B．More Chinese words in Pinyin are in the English dictionary. C．Many Chinese words have a much longer history than Pinyin. D．There are few ways to show how to pronounce words in Pinyin. 3. In which part of the school newspaper can you probably read this passage? A．Daily News. B．Sports Meeting. C．Language Study. D．Free Time Activities. 4. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Something about Pinyin B．How to learn Chinese C．How to pronounce English D．How to look up words in the dictionary 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了拼音的历史、作用以及在世界范围内的流行情况。 1. 根据文章第二段“It tells people how to pronounce Chinese words...Because of Pinyin, more people learn how to read.”可知，拼音告诉人们如何读汉字，因此“pronounce”意为“读，说”。 2. 根据文章最后一段“The Oxford English Dictionary (《牛津英语词典》) has more than 100 Chinese words in Pinyin...”可知，越来越多的拼音出现在英语词典中，这表明拼音在世界范围内越来越受欢迎。 3. 文章主要介绍了拼音的相关知识，包括其历史、作用和在世界范围内的流行情况，因此这篇文章最有可能出现在学校报纸的语言学习版块。 4. 文章主要围绕拼音展开，介绍了拼音的历史、作用以及在世界范围内的流行情况，因此最佳标题为“Something about Pinyin”（关于拼音的一些事情）。 Passage 6 （25-26八年级上·河北石家庄·期末）Many students think that learning just means reading books again and again. However, effective (有效的) learning is not only about working hard but also about using the right ways. Firstly, previewing (预习) a lesson before class is very useful. It helps you understand the main idea and find out what you might find difficult. When you preview, you are not trying to learn everything. Just spend about ten minutes looking through the new lesson. This small step can make a big difference in class. Secondly, don’t just read your textbooks passively. Try to be an active learner. This means you should ask yourself questions while you study. You can also take notes in your own words or draw mind maps to connect ideas. Studies show that when you actively use knowledge, you remember it much longer. For example, explaining a science idea to a friend is a great way to check if you really understand it yourself. Finally, review (复习) what you have learned to store information in your memory. A good way is to review your notes after class and then again a few days later. This is more effective than making all your studying into one long session (一段时间) before an exam. So, don’t forget: Success comes from working hard little by little and finding your own way. When you discover how you learn best, you will become a great learner! 1. What is the main purpose (目的) of previewing a lesson? A．To finish all the exercises before the class. B．To remember all the new knowledge perfectly. C．To draw a complete mind map for the lesson. D．To understand the main idea and find the difficult parts. 2. What does the underlined word “passively” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．without thinking actively B．in a right way C．with great care D．with great interest 3. If a student often forgets what he has learned quickly, which suggestion from the text can help him? A．Previewing lessons for a long time. B．Focusing on the difficult parts during class. C．Review all lessons only one day before exams. D．Using knowledge actively, like explaining ideas to others. 4. What is the best title for the text? A．Be an Active Learner B．The Right Ways to Learn C．The Importance of Previewing D．How Your Brain Stores Information 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 4. B 【导语】本文介绍了有效的学习方法。 【详解】1. 细节理解题。根据“Firstly, previewing (预习) a lesson before class is very useful. It helps you understand the main idea and find out what you might find difficult.”可知，预习一节课的主要目的是理解主要思想并找出困难部分。故选D。 2. 词句猜测题。根据“Secondly, don’t just read your textbooks passively. Try to be an active learner. This means you should ask yourself questions while you study.”可知，不要被动地读课本，要成为积极的学习者，也就是要积极思考，所以“passively”意思是“没有积极思考”。故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据“Studies show that when you actively use knowledge, you remember it much longer. For example, explaining a science idea to a friend is a great way to check if you really understand it yourself.”可知，如果一个学生经常很快忘记所学内容，积极使用知识，比如向别人解释想法，这个建议能帮到他。故选D。 4. 最佳标题题。根据“However, effective (有效的) learning is not only about working hard but also about using the right ways.”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了有效的学习方法，所以最佳标题是“The Right Ways to Learn”。故选B。 Passage 7 （25-26八年级上·河北唐山·期末）How can you remember a song for a long time? Why does your teacher use songs to teach you English? There is a reason for this. Researchers are studying the relationship between music and remembering a foreign language. “Singing could be a new way of learning, especially for a foreign language. The brain (大脑) likes to memorize things in a relaxing way. For example, children can remember difficult words quickly when they are in a song,” said Dr. Karen Ludke. If children find it difficult to learn foreign languages, this new way may help. On her blog, Dr. Ludke wrote, “A listen-and-repeat (重复) singing way can help to learn foreign languages and open the door for future research in this area.” Many language teachers know the importance of music and they often use it in teaching and learning. Hua Zhuying, a teacher at a Chinese language school in Washington DC, likes using songs in teaching Chinese. She said, “I use music all the time to teach children Chinese. Not only does it work, but it is fun for children. Sometimes I think if I learned English that way when I was young, maybe I could speak English much better.” Our brain likes music in learning languages, especially for remembering. If you are still having problems in learning a language, why not try singing it out? 1. How does the writer start the text? A．By asking questions. B．By telling a story. C．By listing numbers. D．By giving an example. 2. What does the underlined word “memorize” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Study. B．Read. C．Collect. D．Remember. 3. Why does the writer mention (提到) Hua Zhuying in Paragraph 3? A．To show that many language teachers’ English is very good. B．To show that many language teachers know the importance of music. C．To show that children can learn Chinese and music in Washington DC． D．To show that little children want to learn foreign languages in music. 4. What’s the best title for this text? A．The importance of music B．A great foreign language teacher C．Learning foreign languages in music D．Ways of learning foreign languages 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 【导语】本文介绍了“用音乐学习外语”的方法：研究表明唱歌能帮助轻松记忆外语内容，许多语言教师也会用歌曲辅助教学，呼吁大家尝试这种学习方式。 【详解】1. 细节理解题。根据“How can you remember a song for a long time? Why does your teacher use songs to teach you English?”可知，文章是通过提问的方式开头。故选A。 2. 词句猜测题。根据“The brain likes to memorize things in a relaxing way. For example, children can remember difficult words quickly when they are in a song”可知，大脑喜欢以一种放松的方式记忆东西，可推测出“memorize”意为“记住”。故选D。 3. 推理判断题。根据“Many language teachers know the importance of music”以及举Hua Zhuying的例子可知，是为了说明“很多语言教师知道音乐的重要性”。故选B。 4. 最佳标题题。文章核心是“用音乐（唱歌）学习外语”，因此最佳标题是“Learning foreign languages in music”。故选C。 Passage 8 （25-26八年级上·陕西榆林·期末） In our daily lives, we talk with many people. Being polite is not just a good habit; it’s a key to making communication more pleasant. English has special ways to show respect, especially when we ask for help or permission (许可). When we ask someone to do something, how we ask makes a big difference. Instead of a direct order like “Sweep the floor”, a polite request (请求) is better. Using “Could you please ...?” works well. “Could” sounds softer than “can”, which shows more respect. Adding “please” makes it even friendlier. When we want permission, the words we choose are also important. “Can ...?” is common with friends, but “Could I...?” is more polite. Asking a friend, “Can I borrow your book?” is fine. But asking a teacher, “Could I ask a question?” shows respect for their role. Politeness is also two-way. When you cannot help someone, just saying “No” can sound impolite. It’s better to give a short reason. For example, you could say, “I’m sorry, but I have to finish my homework first.” This shows you respect their request, even if you can’t agree. Using these polite words is an easy way to build better relationships. 1. What does the writer think about being polite? A．It is helpful for better communication. B．It is hard to learn in a short time. C．It is only useful when talking to teachers. D．It means always saying “yes” to others. 2. Which is the politest way to ask someone to sweep the floor, according to the passage? A．Sweep the floor now! B．Can you sweep the floor? C．Could you please sweep the floor? D．I want you to sweep the floor. 3. The writer mainly explains his points by __________. A．sharing jokes B．giving examples C．using numbers D．comparing test results 4. What is the best title for this passage? A．How to Say “No” Politely B．Ways to Talk to Teachers C．Why We Need Good Habits D．Polite Ways to Communicate in English 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 【导语】本文主要介绍了英语中礼貌沟通的重要性和具体表达方式，说明了礼貌用语在请求、获得许可和拒绝他人时的应用，以帮助人们建立更好的人际关系。 1. 细节理解题。根据“Being polite is not just a good habit; it’s a key to making communication more pleasant.”可知，作者认为礼貌有助于促进更好的沟通。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据“Instead of a direct order like “Sweep the floor”, a polite request is better. Using ‘Could you please ...?’ works well.”可知，最礼貌的请求方式是“Could you please sweep the floor?”。故选C。 3. 推理判断题。文中通过“Could you please ...?”、“Can I borrow your book?”、“I’m sorry, but I have to finish my homework first.”等具体例子来解释观点，因此作者主要通过举例来阐述要点。故选B。 4. 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，全文围绕英语中的礼貌沟通方式展开，介绍了请求、获得许可和拒绝他人时的礼貌表达。故选D。 Passage 9 （25-26八年级上·重庆沙坪坝·周测）①Have you ever watched a silent film and tried to guess what the characters were saying? Body language, like facial expressions, is the mirror of a person’s feelings. It helps us communicate without saying much at all. ②Sometimes we can share the common sense from culture to culture. Turning red-faced shows one’s anger, shock or excitement. The wide eyes with a half-opened mouth mean surprise. Also, some other body movements can express the same meanings in different cultures. For example, being back in one’s seat and yawning at a talk show shows people are not interested, and looking at the watch from time to time in a conversation means people have something to do in a hurry. ③However, not all body language can show the same meanings in different cultures. What holds true for Indians may not be the same in Africa. First of all, in some cultures, people respect and encourage the direct eye contact. In English, there is a saying, “Don’t trust anyone who won’t look you in the eye.” In many countries, direct eye contact between two people is considered important. According to most Western cultures, if a person looks directly at you, it is a sign that the person is honest and sincere and even can be trusted. While many cultures believe that direct eye contact from a child to an adult is an act of respect. ④The OK sign, which is commonly used in many cultures, also has different meanings across the cultures. It means agreement in North American culture. But to French, it means “zero” or “valueless”, not “fine” or “OK”. Touching is another example. At times, saying hello could turn into a disaster if one does not consider the use of touch in another culture. A general and accepted way of saying “Hello” in Western culture is a simple handshake. A great deal of importance has been placed on how one should shake hands. ⑤So, the next time you decide to travel to another country, besides looking up places to visit, a quick search or a book can guide you on how to use proper body language to better communicate with the local people, and avoid being impolite to them during your stay! 1. What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．A silent film. B．The mirror. C．Body language. D．A person’s feeling. 2. According to the passage, which one has the similar meaning from culture to culture? A．Turning red-faced. B．Direct eye contact. C．The OK sign. D．A simple handshake. 3. Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．Body language is more important B．Body language helps you go travelling C．Body language changes among cultures D．Body language influences communication 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了肢体语言的作用，以及它在不同文化中的共性与差异，旨在帮助人们理解跨文化交流中肢体语言的重要性。 1. 细节理解题。根据第①段“Body language, like facial expressions, is the mirror of a person’s feelings. It helps us communicate without saying much at all.”可知，这里的“It”指代前文提到的“Body language”。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据第②段“Sometimes we can share the common sense from culture to culture. Turning red-faced shows one’s anger, shock or excitement.”可知，脸红在不同文化中表达的含义相似。而直接眼神交流、OK 手势、简单握手在文中都被提到有文化差异。故选A。 3. 篇章结构题。文章第①段总起，引出肢体语言的话题；第②段介绍不同文化中肢体语言的共性；第③④段通过具体例子说明肢体语言在不同文化中的差异；第⑤段总结，给出跨文化交流时的建议。因此文章结构为“总—分—总”。故选A。 4. 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要围绕“肢体语言在不同文化中的异同”展开，既提到了共性，也重点阐述了差异，核心是文化间的变化。选项C“Body language changes among cultures”最能概括全文主旨。故选C。 Passage 10 （25-26八年级上·辽宁沈阳·期末）Lisa is a 12-year-old girl. She has a problem of remembering English words. Do you have the same problem as Lisa? Don’t worry. These tips might help you. Just reading words and their Chinese meanings over and over won’t help much. When you see a word, don’t look at the Chinese meaning—try to picture it yourself. For example, when you see “delicious”, you can connect it with a tasty dish (美味的菜肴). Then you can remember its meaning better. You can also make English words part of your everyday life. Try writing words like “mirror” and “table” on sticky notes (便利贴) and putting them on the real things. You will see and practise them often. Sometimes you forget the words you just learned. That’s okay. It happens to everyone. The key is to review (复习) regularly, but not every day. Wait longer each time: start after one hour, then wait one day, three days, ________, and finally two weeks. 1. What problem does Lisa have? A．She is already 12 years old. B．She is the only girl at school. C．She worries about herself. D．She forgets English words. 2. What can help you remember the word “delicious”? A．Its Chinese meaning. B．A tasty dish. C．Some sticky notes. D．The regular review. 3. Which word should be filled in the blank (横线) ________? A．a week B．a month C．a year D．a minute 4. Which is the correct order of the pictures according to the text? A．a; b; c B．a; c; b C．c; a; b D．c; b; a 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. C 【导语】本文针对“记英语单词困难”的问题，提出了3种记忆技巧。 1. 细节理解题。根据“She has a problem of remembering English words.”可知，Lisa的问题是记不住英语单词。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据“For example, when you see ‘delicious’, you can connect it with a tasty dish (美味的菜肴). Then you can remember its meaning better.”可知，将“delicious”与美味的菜肴关联能帮助记忆，“A tasty dish”属于菜肴。故选B。 3. 推理判断题。根据“start after one hour, then wait one day, three days...and finally two weeks.”可知，间隔随时间逐渐延长，“1天、3天”之后合理的间隔是“一周”。故选A。 4. 细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，文本中的方法顺序为：①将单词与画面关联（对应图c：手持“delicious”卡片）→②将单词写在便利贴贴于实物（对应图a：镜子旁的便利贴）→③定期复习（对应图b：查看日历复习），因此顺序是c；a；b。故选C。 Passage 11 （25-26八年级上·广东广州·阶段检测）Do you know when the 2024 United Nations Chinese Language Day was? It took place on April 20, 2024. To celebrate it, the Fourth China Media Group (CMG) Overseas Chinese Language Video Festival started on March 19, 2024. The video festival was held by CMG. It wanted to collect video works from all over the world. A Chinese folk concert by young musicians and an exhibition of creative Chinese characters (创意中文字展览) by artists were held at the Palais des Nations on April 23,2024. The fourth CMG Overseas Chinese Language Video Festival invited friends around the world to learn about Chinese culture. The festival set up nine categories with 18 prizes. The winners were invited to the Palais des Nations to take part in a series of activities to celebrate the 2024 UN Chinese Language Day. They also had the opportunity to take a trip to China. Then they could know about the traditions of China. The excellent video works were shown at the UN Chinese Language Day celebrations. People could enjoy them. The meaning of the United Nations Chinese Language Day comes from Guyu (谷雨). It means “Grain Rain”. It is the sixth of 24 solar terms in the traditional East Asian calendar. It pays tribute to (歌颂) Cangjie (仓颉). Cangjie was a famous man in ancient China. People called him the inventor of Chinese characters. This was the fourth year that CMG in Europe has organized the event on the United Nations Chinese Language Day. 1. How does the writer start the passage? A．By asking a question. B．By telling a story. C．By giving an example. D．By comparing some facts. 2. If they win the prizes, they could get the following EXCEPT that ______. A．they could take part in a series of activities B．they could take a trip to China C．they could receive a lot of money D．their video works would be shown at the celebrations 3. What does the underlined word “opportunity” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．university. B．invention. C．chance. D．competition. 4. Where is the passage most probably from? A．A novel. B．A newspaper. C．A dictionary. D．An advertisement. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 4. B 【导语】本文主要介绍了2024年联合国中文日的相关情况，并解释其意义。 1. 细节理解题。根据“Do you know when the 2024 United Nations Chinese Language Day was?”可知，作者以提问的方式开始这篇文章。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据“The winners were invited to the Palais des Nations to take part in a series of activities to celebrate the 2024 UN Chinese Language Day. They also had the opportunity to take a trip to China. Then they could know about the traditions of China. The excellent video works were shown at the UN Chinese Language Day celebrations.”可知，获奖者可以参加一系列庆祝2024年联合国中文日的活动，有机会去中国旅行，在联合国中文日庆祝活动中展出优秀的视频作品。故选C。 3. 词句猜测题。根据“They also had the opportunity to take a trip to China. Then they could know about the traditions of China.”可知，他们还有机会去中国旅行，这样他们就能了解中国的传统。此处opportunity指的是“机会”。故选C。 4. 推理判断题。根据“Do you know when the 2024 United Nations Chinese Language Day was? It took place on April 20, 2024.”及“This was the fourth year that CMG in Europe has organized the event on the United Nations Chinese Language Day.”可知，文章主要介绍了2024年联合国中文日的时间和庆祝活动，并阐述这是CMG在欧洲第四年举办联合国中文日活动，文中介绍了活动的相关情况，这属于新闻报道类的内容，文章可能来自报纸。故选B。 Passage 12 （24-25八年级上·辽宁大连·期末）We often ask for information or help, especially when we visit a foreign country. So knowing how to ask for information politely (有礼貌地) is important. In English, “Where are the restrooms?” and “Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?” are correct (正确的) English, but the first could sound rude. It’s important to use correct language, but sometimes we need to learn how to be polite. In English, just like in Chinese, we change the way we speak when talking with different people. If you say to your teacher, “Where is my book?” This will sound rude. But if you say, “Excuse me, Mr. West. Do you know where my book is?” Your question will sound much more polite. Of course it might be all right to say “Where is my book?” in some situations (情形), perhaps with people you know well. “Peter, give me your pen.” can sound rude in English. Usually in English, polite questions are longer such as “Could you please…?” or “Can I ask…?” It sounds more polite to say. “Peter, could you please give me your pen?” Sometimes we might even need to spend some time when we stop a stranger in the street. We might first say, “Excuse me. Can you help me?” or “I’m sorry to trouble you but.” before asking them for help. It might seem that speaking politely is more difficult than being direct (直接的). However, if you want to be a polite person, you should learn about language etiquette (礼仪). It is just as important as learning grammar or vocabulary. And doing this will also help you become better at English, or any other language you wish to speak. 1. Which is the polite way when you ask for help? A．Pass me the watch, Li Tao. B．Where is the supermarket? C．Tell me where I can find a bank. D．Could you please give me your pen? 2. Why do we need to learn polite language? Because ________. A．it can improve our grammar and vocabulary B．it can help us become better at English C．Everyone wants to be polite D．the teachers tell us to do so 3. From the passage, we can infer (推测) the writer ________. A．thinks being direct is nothing important B．knows much about spoken language C．is good at asking for directions D．often speaks many languages 4. What’s the main idea of the passage? A．How to start a polite talking with strangers. B．Correct language is as important as polite language. C．How to use correct language is important. D．People should learn to speak politely. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B 4. D 【导语】本文是说明文，主要讲述了在英语中礼貌表达的重要性及如何礼貌地询问信息或求助。 1. 细节理解题。根据文中“Usually in English, polite questions are longer such as ‘Could you please...?’ or ‘Can I ask...?’”可知，“Could you please give me your pen?”是礼貌的求助方式。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据文中“And doing this will also help you become better at English”可知，学习礼貌用语能帮助我们更好地掌握英语。故选B。 3. 推理判断题。文章详细介绍了英语中礼貌表达的规则、不同场景的用语差异，可推断作者对口语表达有较多了解。故选B。 4. 主旨大意题。文章围绕“礼貌表达的重要性”展开，强调人们应该学会礼貌地交流。故选D。 14 / 20乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $