内容正文:
人教英语九下Unit4语法讲解及习题:状语从句与宾语从句复习
一、语法核心知识点详解
(一)核心语法总述
本单元语法:复习宾语从句 (Object Clauses)、状语从句 (Adverbial Clauses)
1. 宾语从句:放在主句动词 / 介词后,充当宾语;引导词:that /if/whether/wh - 词 (why/how 等)
2. 状语从句:修饰主句动词,表时间、原因、条件、让步等;引导词:because /as soon as /while/unless /so…that /if
3. 全单元例句、习题统一围绕环保、污染、3R 回收话题。
(二)第一部分:宾语从句(O = Object Clauses)
1. 基础结构
主句(主谓:know/wonder/tell/realize…)+ 引导词 + 陈述语序从句
(1)三类引导词
① that(陈述句变宾语从句,无实义,可省略)
句型:主语 + think/realize + (that) + 完整陈述句
例句:I never realized (that) plastic waste pollutes rivers badly.
我从没意识到塑料垃圾严重污染河流。
② if /whether(一般疑问句变宾语从句,译为 “是否”)
句型:主语 + wonder/ask + if/whether + 陈述语序
例句:I don’t know whether we should reuse old plastic bags.
我不知道我们是否该重复利用旧塑料袋。
③ wh - 特殊疑问词(why/how/what 等,特殊问句变从句)
句型:主语 + know/wonder + wh - 词 + 陈述语序
例句:Do you know why global warming becomes worse?
你知道全球变暖为何越来越严重吗?
(2)关键考点:从句必须陈述语序(引导词后:主语在前,谓语在后)
错误:I wonder how does waste harm us.
正确:I wonder how waste harms us.
(三)第二部分:状语从句(A = Adverbial Clauses)
按课本出现引导词分类讲解
1. 原因状语从句:because 因为
修饰主句,解释动作原因
例句:I write articles about pollution because I care about our earth.
我写污染相关文章,因为我关心地球。
2. 时间状语从句:as soon as 一…… 就;while 当…… 时
(1)as soon as 一…… 就(主将从现)
We will sort rubbish as soon as we get home.
我们一回家就垃圾分类。
(2)while 当…… 与此同时(常接进行时,表对比)
While recycling helps a lot, we still produce too much waste.
虽然回收用处很大,但我们依旧制造过多垃圾。
3. 条件状语从句:unless 除非;if 如果(主将从现)
(1)unless = if…not 除非
We can’t solve pollution unless everyone takes action.
除非所有人行动,否则我们无法解决污染。
(2)if 如果
If we cut plastic use, smog will become less serious.
如果我们减少塑料使用,雾霾会减轻。
4. 结果状语从句:so…that… 如此…… 以至于
结构:so + 形容词 / 副词 + that + 完整句子
The lamp light is so bright that it causes light pollution.
灯光太亮,以至于造成光污染。
(四)易混区分技巧
1. 宾语从句:紧跟 know/wonder/tell/realize 等动词后面,作句子宾语 → 标 O
2. 状语从句:修饰主句动作,表时间 / 原因 / 条件 / 让步,独立修饰整句 → 标 A
3. 时态规则:if/as soon as/unless 引导条件 / 时间状语从句,遵循主将从现;宾语从句时态随主句变化。
二、专项练习题
(一)题型一:区分从句类型,标 A(状语从句)/ O(宾语从句)
1. I worry about the river because chemical waste runs into it. (_________)
2. Do you know how we can cut down white pollution? (_________)
3. We recycle paper as soon as we finish reading newspapers. (_________)
4. I didn’t know that plastic takes hundreds of years to break down. (_________)
5. While people enjoy convenient plastic, they ignore its harm. (_________)
6. I wonder whether the factory will stop pouring waste water. (_________)
7. We can’t protect the river unless we stop throwing rubbish in it. (_________)
8. Can you tell me why smog appears in winter? (_________)
(二)题型二:选词填空(词框:how, why, whether, unless, as soon as)
1. I don’t know _________ this old tyre can be recycled again.
2. We won’t reduce pollution _________ every citizen forms green habits.
3. I wonder _________ waste chemicals hurt people’s health deeply.
4. _________ the rain stops, we will pick up rubbish along the riverbank.
5. Could you tell me _________ noise pollution influences our sleep?
6. No one knows _________ the landfill will be closed in five years.
7. We can’t save water _________ we stop wasting it every day.
(三)题型三:短文选词填空(词框:if, that, while, so…that)
_________ plastic pollution is widely known, light pollution is also a serious problem most people don’t notice. Few people realize _________ bright street lights damage our eyes. Sometimes street lights are _________ strong _________ they disturb animals’ living habits. Many insects fly into lamps _________ they are attracted by light. Experts say _________ we don’t control light waste, more wildlife will disappear. It is clear _________ all kinds of pollution need our attention.
(四)题型四:单项选择
1. I feel upset _________ the pond is full of plastic rubbish.
A. because B. that C. whether
2. Could you tell me _________ we can reuse glass bottles at home?
A. what B. how C. unless
3. We will start the river clean-up _________ the sun rises tomorrow.
A. as soon as B. so that C. while
4. You can’t cut smog _________ you stop burning waste.
A. if B. unless C. that
5. The chemical water is _________ dirty _________ all fish died in the pond.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to
6. I never realized _________ single-use chopsticks waste lots of wood.
A. whether B. that C. why
7. _________ recycling is helpful, we still need to produce less waste first.
A. While B. If C. Unless
(五)题型五:按要求改写句子
1. Why does air pollution get worse? Do you know?(合并为宾语从句)
2. Everyone works together. We can solve waste problems.(用 unless 合并条件状语从句)
3. The smog was very heavy. People couldn’t go out.(用 so…that 合并结果状语从句)
4. We sort rubbish. We arrive home.(用 as soon as 合并时间状语从句)
5. Plastic harms soil. Many people don’t realize it.(合并 that 引导宾语从句)
6. We protect the Yangtze River. Wildlife can live safely.(if 引导条件状语从句)
三、参考答案与详细解析
(一)题型一 区分从句类型 答案 + 解析
1. A
解析:because 引导原因状语从句,修饰主句 worry。
2. O
解析:how 引导宾语从句,跟在动词 know 后作宾语。
3. A
解析:as soon as 引导时间状语从句。
4. O
解析:that 引导宾语从句,跟在 know 后。
5. A
解析:while 引导让步状语从句。
6. O
解析:whether 引导宾语从句,跟在 wonder 后。
7. A
解析:unless 引导条件状语从句。
8. O
解析:why 引导宾语从句,跟在 tell 后。
(二)题型二 选词填空 答案 + 解析
1. whether
解析:句意:我不知道这个旧轮胎能否回收,whether 表 “是否” 引导宾语从句。
2. unless
解析:unless=if…not,除非市民养成绿色习惯,否则无法减少污染。
3. how
解析:我想知道废弃化学品如何深深伤害人体健康,how 表方式。
4. As soon as
解析:as soon as 引导时间状语从句,雨一停我们就去河岸捡垃圾。
5. why
解析:你能告诉我噪音污染为何影响睡眠吗,why 询问原因。
6. whether
解析:没人知道填埋场五年后是否会关闭。
7. unless
解析:除非我们日常杜绝浪费,否则无法节水。
(三)题型三 短文填空 答案
1. While
2. that
3. so; that
4. if
5. if
6. that
解析:
7. While 引导让步状语从句,虽然塑料污染广为人知;
8. realize 后接 that 宾语从句;
9. so + 形容词 strong + that 结果状语;
10. It is clear that… 固定主语从句句型。
(四)题型四 单项选择 答案 + 解析
1. A
解析:because 表原因,池塘堆满塑料垃圾所以我难过。
2. B
解析:how 询问方式,你能告诉我在家如何重复利用玻璃瓶吗。
3. A
解析:as soon as 一到日出就开展河道清理,时间状语从句。
4. B
解析:unless=if not,除非停止焚烧垃圾,否则无法减少雾霾。
5. A
解析:so + 形容词 dirty + that,如此脏以至于鱼全部死亡。
6. B
解析:that 引导陈述句宾语从句,我从没意识到一次性筷子浪费木材。
7. A
解析:while 表让步,虽然回收很有用,但我们首先要减少垃圾制造。
(五)题型五 改写句子 参考答案
1. Do you know why air pollution gets worse?
2. We can’t solve waste problems unless everyone works together.
3. The smog was so heavy that people couldn’t go out.
4. We will sort rubbish as soon as we arrive home.
5. Many people don’t realize that plastic harms soil.
6. If we protect the Yangtze River, wildlife can live safely.
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