Unit3语法讲解及习题：不定式作宾语、状语、宾语补足语2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语下册

该初中英语知识清单聚焦动词不定式三大句法功能，以“to+动词原形”基础结构为起点，系统梳理不定式作宾语（及物动词后接to do）、状语（表目的，句首/句末）、宾语补足语（动词+宾语+to do）的定义、句型及单元例句，辅以特殊句式和易混易错考点解析，构建完整学习支架。 知识链路按“基础结构—功能分述—特殊句式—易错辨析”逻辑展开，以艺术主题贯穿例句渗透文化意识。习题涵盖成分判断、改错、填空等多种题型，通过具体语境强化语言能力，易错点对比提升思维品质，助力学生系统掌握不定式用法。

人教英语九下Unit3语法讲解及习题： 不定式作宾语、状语、宾语补足语 一、语法核心知识点详解 （一）核心语法总述 本单元核心语法：动词不定式 to do 三大句法功能 —— 作宾语 (object)、作状语 (adverbial)、作宾语补足语 (object complement) 不定式基础结构：to + 动词原形；否定形式：not to + 动词原形；艺术话题贯穿全部例句。 （二）不定式三大句法功能分点精讲 1. 不定式作宾语（O = object） （1）定义 放在及物动词后，充当动作的承受对象，构成「动词 + to do」固定搭配。 （2）高频必背动词（艺术主题） want, expect, plan, try, hope, decide, learn, choose, wish （3）标准句型 主语 + 谓语动词 + to do（宾语） （4）单元例句 1. What time do you want to meet at the art gallery?（你想几点在美术馆碰面？to meet 作 want 宾语） 2. Many artists hope to create lifelike porcelain works.（许多艺术家希望创作栩栩如生的瓷器作品。） 2. 不定式作状语（A = adverbial） （1）定义 修饰主句谓语动词，表目的，译为 “为了……”，可放句首 / 句末；放句首常用逗号隔开。 （2）标准句型 ① 主语 + 谓语 + … + to do（目的状语，句末） ② To do, 主语 + 谓语…（目的状语，句首） （3）单元例句 1. Qi Baishi used simple brushstrokes to draw shrimps.（齐白石用简练笔触画虾。to draw 表作画的目的） 2. To enjoy traditional calligraphy, we visit the art exhibition.（为欣赏传统书法，我们参观艺术展。） （4）拓展短语 in order to do（为了），同样作目的状语 He gets up early in order to practice painting.（他早起练习绘画。） 3. 不定式作宾语补足语（OC = object complement） （1）定义 放在宾语之后，补充说明宾语要发出的动作，结构：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + to do （2）高频动词：expect, tell, ask, allow, invite, want （3）否定结构：动词 + sb + not to do（告诉 / 要求某人不要做） （4）单元例句 1. I expect her to enjoy Chinese landscape paintings.（我期待她能喜欢中国山水画。to enjoy 补充宾语 her） 2. The volunteer told visitors not to take photos inside the gallery.（志愿者告知游客不要在展厅内拍照。） （三）课本重点特殊句式 （一）be thought to do 固定句型 含义：“被认为……”，不定式作主语补足语 例句：This porcelain bowl is thought to be hundreds of years old.（这个瓷碗被认为有数百年历史。） （二）the way to do sth 不定式作后置定语 含义：做某事的方法 例句：The only way to understand its beauty is to watch its brushstrokes.（读懂它美感的唯一方法是观赏它的笔触。） （三）主动表被动：sth be made to do 含义：某物被用来做……，make 用于被动语态时必须加 to 例句：The bowl was made to wash painting brushes.（这个碗是用来清洗画笔的。） （四）易混易错考点汇总 1. 不带 to 的不定式（使役动词主动语态） make/let/have + sb + 动词原形；但被动语态必须加 to 主动：Art makes people feel warm. 被动：People are made to feel warm by art. 2. 只能接 to do、不能接 doing 的动词 want /hope/expect /plan/decide，后一律用不定式作宾语。 3. 区分三大功能快速判断技巧 · 动词后直接跟 to do → 作宾语 (O) · 表 “为了……”、修饰主句动作 → 作目的状语 (A) · 动词 + 人 / 物 + to do，补充人 / 物的动作 → 作宾补 (OC) 二、专项练习题 （一）题型一：判断不定式成分，标 O（宾语）/A（状语）/OC（宾补） 1. I plan to visit the calligraphy show this weekend. (___________) 2. The artist uses ink to draw lifelike flowers. (___________) 3. We expect all visitors to respect the artworks. (___________) 4. She wants to learn traditional sculpture skills. (___________) 5. To appreciate porcelain, you need to look closely. (___________) 6. The guide told us not to touch the old painting. (___________) 7. Many painters come here to study ancient brushstrokes. (___________) 8. He hopes to become a famous sculptor one day. (___________) （二）题型二：改错（补出缺失的 to，划出错误并改正） 1. The gallery worker asked the tourist not take photos of the china. 2. The artist hurried to the lab get his painting tools. 3. She keeps a light diet keep her body fit for modeling. 4. I expect you knock at the door before entering the exhibition hall. 5. Could I invite you model for my new oil painting? 6. In order keep the paper well, we put it in a wooden box. 7. Many students choose study Chinese calligraphy after school. （三）题型三：用括号内动词正确形式填空 1. People all over the world are shocked ___________ (see) this rare ancient porcelain. 2. This small jade box was made ___________ (hold) painting pigments long ago. 3. The old scroll is thought ___________ (be) the work of a great calligrapher. 4. The best way ___________ (understand) artistic beauty is to watch it carefully. 5. Generations of artists tried but failed ___________ (copy) this special glaze effect. 6. Chinese porcelain continues ___________ (win) high praise around the world. （四）题型四：单项选择 1. The teacher expects us ___________ the beauty of Chinese paintings. A. enjoy B. to enjoy C. enjoying 2. Artists use different brushstrokes ___________ show different feelings. A. to B. / C. for 3. I want ___________ a short introduction about Van Gogh for the show. A. write B. writing C. to write 4. The guard told visitors ___________ run inside the art museum. A. not to B. to not C. don’t 5. ___________ learn sculpture, he visits the exhibition every month. A. To B. For C. / 6. This clay model is thought ___________ from the Ming Dynasty. A. come B. to come C. coming 7. We choose ___________ traditional art because it touches our hearts. A. love B. to love C. loving （五）题型五：按要求改写句子 1. She hopes that she can learn carving skills.（改为不定式作宾语） 2. He came to the gallery. He wanted to appreciate porcelain.（用 to do 合并作目的状语） 3. The guide asks visitors. They can’t touch the artworks.（用不定式作宾补合并） 4. People think this painting is priceless.（用 be thought to do 改写） 5. The artist uses ink. He draws shrimps.（用 to do 作状语合并） 6. My plan is visiting the calligraphy show.（改为 plan to do 不定式作宾语） 三、参考答案与详细解析 （一）题型一 判断不定式成分 答案 + 解析 1. O 解析：plan 为及物动词，to visit 跟在动词后作宾语。 2. A 解析：to draw 表使用墨水的目的，目的状语。 3. OC 解析：expect + 宾语 all visitors + to do，补充宾语动作，宾补。 4. O 解析：want 后接 to learn 作动作宾语。 5. A 解析：放句首表 “为了欣赏瓷器”，目的状语。 6. OC 解析：tell + 宾语 us + not to do，宾补。 7. A 解析：来此地的目的是学习笔触，目的状语。 8. O 解析：hope 后接 to become 作宾语。 （二）题型二 改错 标准答案 1. not take → not to take 解析：tell sb not to do 不定式否定宾补，必须加 to。 2. get → to get 解析：to get 作赶回实验室的目的状语，缺 to。 3. keep → to keep 解析：to keep 表节食的目的，目的状语加 to。 4. knock → to knock 解析：expect sb to do 宾补结构，补充 to。 5. model → to model 解析：invite sb to do 邀请某人做某事，加 to。 6. In order keep → In order to keep 解析：in order to do 固定搭配表目的。 7. choose study → choose to study 解析：choose 后接 to do 作宾语。 （三）题型三 动词适当形式填空 答案 1. to see 解析：be shocked to do 固定搭配，不定式作原因状语。 2. to hold 解析：be made to do 被动语态，不定式作主语补足语。 3. to be 解析：be thought to do 固定句型 “被认为”。 4. to understand 解析：the way to do sth 不定式作后置定语。 5. to copy 解析：fail to do sth 固定搭配 “未能做成某事”。 6. to win 解析：continue to do sth 继续做某事，不定式作宾语。 （四）题型四 单项选择 答案 + 解析 1. B 解析：expect sb to do sth 期待某人做某事，宾补用 to do。 2. A 解析：to show 表使用笔触的目的，目的状语。 3. C 解析：want to do sth 想要做某事，不定式作宾语。 4. A 解析：tell sb not to do 告诉某人不要做，否定 to 放 to 前。 5. A 解析：To learn 放句首，作目的状语 “为了学习雕塑”。 6. B 解析：be thought to do 固定句式，被认为源自明代。 7. B 解析：choose to do sth 选择喜爱传统艺术，不定式作宾语。 （五）题型五 改写句子 参考答案 1. She hopes to learn carving skills. 2. He came to the gallery to appreciate porcelain. 3. The guide asks visitors not to touch the artworks. 4. This painting is thought to be priceless. 5. The artist uses ink to draw shrimps. 6. I plan to visit the calligraphy show. ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $