Unit 5 A delicate world（重难词汇精练）英语外研版选择性必修第二册

**基本信息** 聚焦单元核心词汇，构建“基础积累-语境应用”递进训练体系，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇基础练|6类题型（含40词拼写、30词形转换等）|侧重词汇记忆与基础应用，覆盖单词、词性、短语及语法填空|从孤立词汇（音形义）到基础运用（拼写、转换、造句），构建词汇认知链| |词汇语境练|3类语篇题（阅读/完形/语法填空）|依托环保、日常主题语篇，考查词汇在语境中的理解与运用|从基础积累过渡到语篇应用，实现词汇从输入到输出的能力迁移，提升语境分析思维|

Unit 5 A delicate world 重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、重点单词 1 二、词性转换 1 三、核心短语 2 四、单词拼写 2 五、完成句子 6 六、单句语法填空 7 02 词汇语境练 9 一、阅读理解 9 二、完形填空 11 三、语法填空 12 一、重点单词 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. _________________adj. 中间的，半途的 2. _________________adv. 显著地 3. _________________n. 遗产；传统 4. _________________n. 栖息地 5. _________________adv. 后来，随后 6. _________________n. 胃口，食欲 7. _________________v. （使）大大增加，（使）倍增 8. _________________n. 侵蚀 9. _________________n. 大混乱；紊乱 10. _________________n. 保护 11. _________________n. 病毒 12. _________________v. （使）变小，（使）减少 13. _________________n. 夹子，陷阱 14. _________________n. 离开 15. _________________n. 免疫力 16. _________________v. 突然增加 17. _________________v. 倒坍；塌下 18. _________________adj. 大量的，多的 19. _________________n. 事件 20. _________________n. 干预，介入 21. _________________v. 应该做；对……负有……的义务 22. _________________n. 生态 23. _________________v. （使）溶解 24. _________________n. 养分，营养物 25. _________________n. 比较 26. _________________adj. 视觉的 27. _________________n. 一段时间 28. _________________adj. 神秘的 29. _________________n. 地位；身份 30. _________________n. 标准，准则 31. _________________v. 兴旺，发达 32. _________________adj. 稀有的，罕见的 33. _________________adj. 生物的，与生物有关的 34. _________________adv. 据说；看来，似乎 57 35. _________________adj. 巨大的；广大的 36. _________________n. 海拔（高度） 37. _________________n. 差异；变化 38. _________________v. 茁壮成长 39. _________________adj. 濒临灭绝的 40. _________________adv. 在别处 41. _________________n. 涌入 42. _________________v. 共存，共处 43. _________________adj. 稳固的；安全的 44. _________________n. 问候，招呼 二、词性转换 1.____________ adj./adv. 中间的（地）；半途的（地）（合成词）→ 合成拆分：____________（adj. 一半的）+ ____________（n. 道路） 2.____________ adv. 显著地；戏剧性地 → ____________ adj. 戏剧的；显著的 → ____________ n. 戏剧 3.____________ n. 遗产；传统 → ____________ adj. 可继承的 4.____________ n. 栖居动物；居民 → ____________ vt./vi. 居住于；栖息于 5.____________ adv. 后来；随后 → ____________ adj. 随后的；后来的 6.____________ n. 胃口；食欲 → ____________ adj. 开胃的；诱人的 7.____________ vi./vt.（使）增加；倍增 → ____________ n. 增加；乘法 8.____________ n. 植物（总称）→ ____________ n. 蔬菜 → ____________ adj. 植物的 9.____________ n. 侵蚀 → ____________ vt./vi. 侵蚀；腐蚀 10.____________ n. 混乱；紊乱 → ____________ adj. 混乱的；紊乱的 11.____________ n. 保护 → ____________ vt. 保护；保存 → ____________ n. 保护主义者 12.____________ n. 病毒 → ____________ adj. 病毒的；病毒性的 13.____________ vi./vt./n.（使）减少；降低 → 过去式 ____________ → 过去分词 ____________ 14.____________ n./vt. 陷阱；困住 → 过去式 ____________ → 过去分词 ____________ 15.____________ n. 离开；出发 → ____________ vi./vt. 离开；出发 16.____________ n. 免疫力 → ____________ adj. 免疫的；有免疫力的 17.____________ vi./vt. 突然增加；爆炸 → ____________ n. 爆炸；爆发 → ____________ adj. 爆炸的 18.____________ vi./vt./n. 倒塌；崩溃 → 过去式 ____________ → 过去分词 ____________ 19.____________ adj. 大量的；实质的 → ____________ n. 物质；实质 20.____________ n. 事件；事变 → ____________ adj. 附带的；偶然的 21.____________ n. 干预；介入 → ____________ vi./vt. 干预；介入 22.____________ vt./vi. 欠；应该做 → 过去式 ____________ → 过去分词 ____________ 23.____________ n. 附言（合成词）→ 合成拆分：____________（前缀 后）+ ____________（n. 文字） 24.____________ n. 害虫 → ____________ n. 杀虫剂 25.____________ n. 生态 → ____________ adj. 生态的 → ____________ n. 生态学家 26.____________ vi./vt.（使）溶解 → ____________ n. 溶解；解散 27.____________ n. 营养物 → ____________ n. 营养；营养学 28.____________ n. 比较 → ____________ vt./vi. 比较；对比 → ____________ adj. 比较的 29.____________ adj. 视觉的 → ____________ n. 视力；视觉 → ____________ adj. 可见的 30.____________ n. 一段时间；会议 → ____________ adj. 会议的；临时的 31.____________ adj. 草本的 → ____________ n. 草药；香草 32.____________ adj. 神秘的 → ____________ n. 神秘；奥秘 33.____________ n. 标准；准则 → 复数 ____________ 34.____________ vi./vt. 兴旺；发达 → ____________ n. 繁荣；兴旺 → ____________ adj. 繁荣的 35.____________ adj. 稀有的；罕见的 → ____________ adv. 很少；难得 → ____________ n. 稀有；珍贵 36.____________ adj. 生物的 → ____________ n. 生物学 → ____________ n. 生物学家 37.____________ adv. 据说；显然 → ____________ adj. 明显的；表面上的 38.____________ adj. 巨大的；广大的 → ____________ adv. 极大地；广泛地 39.____________ n. 差异；变化 → ____________ vi./vt. 变化；不同 → ____________ n. 多样性 40.____________ vi./vt. 茁壮成长；繁荣 → 过去式 ____________ → 过去分词 ____________ 三、核心短语 1. _________________ 未能做到某事 2. _________________与……协调；和……一致 3. _________________ 以……为食/对……感兴趣  4. _________________ 被引入到/被介绍给 5. _________________ 失去控制 6. _________________将……从……清除 7. _________________ 考虑到…… 8. _________________ 从……减少到…… 9. _________________ 因此；结果 10. _________________ 结果是；原来是 11. _________________ 大量的 12. _________________ 彻底地；最终地 13. _________________ 每一个 14. _________________ 应该为……做某事 15. _________________ 使分解；出现故障 16. _________________ 代表 17. _________________ 成为一体 18. _________________ 与……共存/共生 19. _________________ 作为回报；作为回应 20. _________________ 赢得一席之地 21. _________________ 以……而闻名 四、单词拼写 1．We must do something to ________ (阻止) the disease from spreading. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 2．If everyone in the society can give a helping hand to each other, it is more likely that society will become more ________ (和谐). （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 3．She has been ________ (有影响的) in promoting environmental awareness. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 4．Some _______ (少数民族) languages are losing their identities because of the invasion of more popular spoken ones. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 5．Most of the people turned their back to him. Only a ________ (少数) of people gave him a hand. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 6．The cat sat on the wall, ________(投来) a curious look at the butterfly below. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 7．Dr Lin opened a private________(诊所). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 8．Peking Opera is the most __________ (有影响力的) and representative of all operas in China. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 9．___________ (共产主义的) leaders should have the following five abilities in new situations. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 10．In China, there is a saying that a __________ (和谐的) family leads to abundance in life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 五、完成句子 1．自从你来我校参加这次交流活动已有两周了，这次活动使我们双方都受益。(since) ________________________for the exchange program, which has benefited all of us. 2．结论是：必须做出的变更程度很低。 ________________________ that the level of change necessary would be low. 3．他一直致力于用简单有效的方法缓解病人的病痛。 He ______________________________________________________________. 4．Our school will become a more enjoyable place ________________ (在……的共同努力下) both teachers and students. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 5．Tu Youyou was _________ (最有影响的人物之一) of science in the 20th century. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 6．As is known to us, Qi Baishi was one of ________ ________ ________ ________ (最具影响力的艺术家) in the history of Chinese painting. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 7．She has an ________ to help her out. Now she has the energy to accompany her family. (用适当的词填空) 8．We left the school five years ago, but those memories are as sweet as ever before. (句型转换) →__________, but those memories are as sweet as ever before. (since) 9．I am Li Hua, president of the Students’ Union. It’s my great honor to be here, sharing this moment with our fellow friends from the United States.(用非谓语动词改写句子) __________________________________________________________________ 六、单句语法填空 1．It is not up to you (tell) me how to do my job. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．The captain as well his team was interviewed shortly after they won the gold medal. （用适当的词填空） 3．The (reward) community service we participated in last month can’t be valued too much for its role in shaping our responsibility. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．The soldier chose to die (nobly) rather than to betray his country. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．It helps to have (influence) friends. （所给词的适当形式填空） 6．Despite (neglect)his studies, he got his degree. （所给词的适当形式填空） 7．If Mr. Dewey had been present, he would have offered any possible (assist) to the people there. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．Besides,enough sleep can make us energetic and (enable) us to perform well in an exam. （所给词的适当形式填空） 9． is up to her to check if all the work has been completed. (用适当的词填空) 一、阅读理解 Insect numbers have decreased by half in some parts of the world due to climate change an intensive agriculture, a study has found. The combined pressures of global heating and farming are driving a “substantial (大规模的) decline” of insects across the globe, according to UK researchers. Lead researcher, Dr Charlie Outhwaite of UCL, said losing insect populations could be harmful not only to the natural environment, but to human health and food security, particularly with losses of pollinator (传粉昆虫). “Our findings highlight the urgency of actions to preserve natural habitats, slow the expansion of high-intensity agriculture, and cut emissions to reduce climate change,” she added. In the latest study, the researchers pulled together data on the range and number of nearly 20, 000 insect species, including bees, ants, butterflies, grasshoppers and dragonflies, at about 6, 000 different locations. In areas with high-intensity agriculture and substantial warming, insect numbers have decreased by 49%, compared with relatively untouched places that have so far avoided the most severe impacts of climate change, according to the research published in Nature. But the researchers said there was some cause for hope. Setting aside areas of land for nature creates a refuge(庇护所) for insects, which need shade to survive in hot weather. “Careful management of agricultural areas, such as preserving natural habitats near farmland, may help to ensure that vital insects can still survive,” said Dr Tim Newbold, also of UCL. Study researcher, Peter McCann, added, “We need to acknowledge how important insects are for the environment as a whole, and for human health and well-being, in order to address the threats we pose to them before many species are lost forever. ” 1．According to Charlie Outhwaite, how could we stop losing insect numbers? A．Give up developing agriculture. B．Take action to protect natural habitat. C．Highlight the importance of food security. D．Focus on reproducing all sorts of insects. 2．How did the researchers draw the conclusion in the latest study? A．By analyzing data. B．By carrying out a survey. C．By doing experiments. D．By discussing questions. 3．What is Tim Newbold’s attitude to preserving insects? A．Worried. B．Hopeful. C．Doubtful. D．Indifferent. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Some rare insect species dying out B．Natural habitats helping insects survive C．Insect decline bringing great damage to humans D．Climate change and farming driving insect decline 二、完形填空 Last night my husband and I were walking when we saw a man bent over on the ground, crushing(碾碎) something with a rock. He was so focused on his 1 that he didn’t look up at anyone passing by. We kept noticing him and 2 what he could be doing. I thought he was crushing stones to make sand, but why would he do that? 3 , we decided to go up and ask him. He was crushing pieces of left-over bread that he had 4 to prepare food for the birds that come there early morning. The large pieces of bread would be 5 for the birds to eat so he crushed them into powder. Every 6 , after coming home from his job as a tailor, he goes around the villa(乡间别墅), collecting left-over bread from all his housemates. He then eats a quick meal and comes here, and spends the next 1—2 hours 7 crushing each piece and makes a neat pile for the birds. He has been doing this for the last 3—4 years. What 8 us more was that he was 9 that we were even taking an interest in this, since for him it wasn’t a big 10 . When we asked him what encouraged him to do this act of 11 , he said, “It’s just something 12 I do, so that the left-over bread doesn’t go into the rubbish and the birds get food.” We 13 his story with the hope that it would 14 us to be aware of leftovers too and that it might 15 someone to start something similar in their own area. 1．A．idea B．task C．hand D．food 2．A．discovered B．learned C．realized D．wondered 3．A．Finally B．Suddenly C．Immediately D．Instead 4．A．bought B．saved C．made D．collected 5．A．necessary B．difficult C．welcome D．possible 6．A．morning B．noon C．night D．afternoon 7．A．carefully B．strictly C．nervously D．proudly 8．A．pleased B．satisfied C．moved D．puzzled 9．A．disappointed B．sorry C．afraid D．surprised 10．A．deal B．present C．dream D．decision 11．A．bravery B．honesty C．suggestion D．service 12．A．curious B．great C．small D．boring 13．A．shared B．created C．believed D．heard 14．A．invite B．remind C．warn D．require 15．A．force B．persuade C．inspire D．train 三、语法填空 People have always been scared of sharks, but Jaws made 1 (thing) worse. It made people 2 (frighten) of sharks, especially of the great white shark. Many people started fishing for sharks, 3 (kill) as many as they could. After 1975, the number of large sharks around America fell quickly, and soon fell around the world. This was not only due 4 fear of sharks, but also finning. In 1980, Benchley 5 (dive) when he came across an awful sight. It was an area 6 fishermen were finning, and the sea floor was covered with dead sharks. Benchley saw sharks 7 (kill) and this caused a deep change in him. He came to see people as a danger to sharks, rather than 8 other way round. From that day on, he fought to protect sharks. He admitted that his book was wrong about sharks’ behaviour. 9 (fortunate), not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks—some became interested in understanding them. Today, as we learn more about sharks, more people than ever want to protect them 10 extinction. $Unit 5 A delicate world 重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、重点单词 1 二、词性转换 1 三、核心短语 2 四、单词拼写 2 五、完成句子 6 六、单句语法填空 7 02 词汇语境练 9 一、阅读理解 9 二、完形填空 11 三、语法填空 14 一、重点单词 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. halfway adj. 中间的，半途的 2. dramatically adv. 显著地 3. heritage n. 遗产；传统 4. habitat n. 栖息地 5. subsequently adv. 后来，随后 6. appetite n. 胃口，食欲 7. multiply v. （使）大大增加，（使）倍增 8. erosion n. 侵蚀 9. chaos n. 大混乱；紊乱 10. conservation n. 保护 11. virus n. 病毒 12. decrease v. （使）变小，（使）减少 13. trap n. 夹子，陷阱 14. departure n. 离开 15. immunity n. 免疫力 16. explode v. 突然增加 17. collapse v. 倒坍；塌下 18. substantial adj. 大量的，多的 19. incident n. 事件 20. intervention n. 干预，介入 21. owe v. 应该做；对……负有……的义务 22. ecology n. 生态 23. dissolve v. （使）溶解 24. nutrient n. 养分，营养物 25. comparison n. 比较 26. visual adj. 视觉的 27. session n. 一段时间 28. mysterious adj. 神秘的 29. status n. 地位；身份 30. criterion n. 标准，准则 31. prosper v. 兴旺，发达 32. rare adj. 稀有的，罕见的 33. biological adj. 生物的，与生物有关的 34. apparently adv. 据说；看来，似乎 57 35. vast adj. 巨大的；广大的 36. altitude n. 海拔（高度） 37. variation n. 差异；变化 38. thrive v. 茁壮成长 39. endangered adj. 濒临灭绝的 40. elsewhere adv. 在别处 41. invasion n. 涌入 42. coexist v. 共存，共处 43. secure adj. 稳固的；安全的 44. greeting n. 问候，招呼 二、词性转换 1.halfway adj./adv. 中间的（地）；半途的（地）→ half（adj. 一半的）+ way（n. 道路） 2.dramatically adv. 显著地；戏剧性地 → dramatic adj. 戏剧的；显著的 → drama n. 戏剧 3.heritage n. 遗产；传统 → heritable adj. 可继承的 4.inhabitant n. 栖居动物；居民 → inhabit vt./vi. 居住于；栖息于 5.subsequently adv. 后来；随后 → subsequent adj. 随后的；后来的 6.appetite n. 胃口；食欲 → appetizing adj. 开胃的；诱人的 7.multiply vi./vt.（使）增加；倍增 → multiplication n. 增加；乘法 8.vegetation n. 植物（总称）→ vegetable n. 蔬菜 → vegetative adj. 植物的 9.erosion n. 侵蚀 → erode vt./vi. 侵蚀；腐蚀 10.chaos n. 混乱；紊乱 → chaotic adj. 混乱的；紊乱的 11.conservation n. 保护 → conserve vt. 保护；保存 → conservationist n. 保护主义者 12.virus n. 病毒 → viral adj. 病毒的；病毒性的 13.decrease vi./vt./n.（使）减少；降低 → 过去式 decreased → 过去分词 decreased 14.trap n./vt. 陷阱；困住 → 过去式 trapped → 过去分词 trapped 15.departure n. 离开；出发 → depart vi./vt. 离开；出发 16.immunity n. 免疫力 → immune adj. 免疫的；有免疫力的 17.explode vi./vt. 突然增加；爆炸 → explosion n. 爆炸；爆发 → explosive adj. 爆炸的 18.collapse vi./vt./n. 倒塌；崩溃 → 过去式 collapsed → 过去分词 collapsed 19.substantial adj. 大量的；实质的 → substance n. 物质；实质 20.incident n. 事件；事变 → incidental adj. 附带的；偶然的 21.intervention n. 干预；介入 → intervene vi./vt. 干预；介入 22.owe vt./vi. 欠；应该做 → 过去式 owed → 过去分词 owed 23.postscript n. 附言 → post-（前缀 后）+ script（n. 文字） 24.pest n. 害虫 → pesticide n. 杀虫剂 25.ecology n. 生态 → ecological adj. 生态的 → ecologist n. 生态学家 26.dissolve vi./vt.（使）溶解 → dissolution n. 溶解；解散 27.nutrient n. 营养物 → nutrition n. 营养；营养学 28.comparison n. 比较 → compare vt./vi. 比较；对比 → comparative adj. 比较的 29.visual adj. 视觉的 → vision n. 视力；视觉 → visible adj. 可见的 30.session n. 一段时间；会议 → sessional adj. 会议的；临时的 31.herbal adj. 草本的 → herb n. 草药；香草 32.mysterious adj. 神秘的 → mystery n. 神秘；奥秘 33.criterion n. 标准；准则 → 复数 criteria 34.prosper vi./vt. 兴旺；发达 → prosperity n. 繁荣；兴旺 → prosperous adj. 繁荣的 35.rare adj. 稀有的；罕见的 → rarely adv. 很少；难得 → rarity n. 稀有；珍贵 36.biological adj. 生物的 → biology n. 生物学 → biologist n. 生物学家 37.apparently adv. 据说；显然 → apparent adj. 明显的；表面上的 38.vast adj. 巨大的；广大的 → vastly adv. 极大地；广泛地 39.variation n. 差异；变化 → vary vi./vt. 变化；不同 → variety n. 多样性 40.thrive vi./vt. 茁壮成长；繁荣 → 过去式 thrived → 过去分词 thrived 三、核心短语 1. fail to do 未能做到某事 2. in harmony with 与……协调；和……一致 3. develop an appetite for 以……为食/对……感兴趣  4. be introduced to 被引入到/被介绍给 5. out of control 失去控制 6. remove...from 将……从……清除 7. with...in mind 考虑到…… 8. decrease from...to 从……减少到…… 9. in consequence/as a consequence 因此；结果 10. turn out 结果是；原来是 11. a substantial number of 大量的 12. once and for all 彻底地；最终地 13. every last one 每一个 14. owe it to...to do 应该为……做某事 15. break down 使分解；出现故障 16. on behalf of 代表 17. be at one with 成为一体 18. coexist with 与……共存/共生 19. in return 作为回报；作为回应 20. earn one’s place 赢得一席之地 21. be renowned for 以……而闻名 四、单词拼写 1．People are trying to find new ways to ______(发展) local tourism and protect the environment at the same time. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】develop 【详解】考查动词。句意：人们正在努力寻找新的方法来发展当地旅游业，同时保护环境。根据汉语提示“发展”可知，用动词develop，位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形。故填develop。 2．In addition to lecturing on theories, he uses lively cases and plenty of ________(视觉的) tools. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】visual 【详解】考查形容词。句意：除了讲授理论外，他还使用生动的案例和大量的视觉工具。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据所给中文提示词，应是visual意为“视觉的”。故填visual。 3．He became very famous as an inventor of surprising ________(视觉的) effects. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】visual 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他因为发明了令人惊讶的视觉效果而变得非常有名。“视觉的”应用形容词visual，作定语，修饰名词effects，故填visual。 4．Some scientists think the human heart is the most important organ in ________(比较) with the other organs. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】comparison 【详解】考查名词和固定短语。句意：一些科学家认为，与其他器官相比，人类的心脏是最重要的器官。根据汉语提示可知，应是名词“comparison”，作介词in的宾语。“in comparison with…”，固定短语，意为“与……比较，同……比较起来”。故填comparison。 5．The sandwich took the edge off my ________(胃口). （根据汉语意思填空） 【答案】appetite 【详解】考查名词。句意：三明治使我胃口大减。off为介词后接名词。根据汉语提示，所以填名词appetite。故填appetite。 6．The losses of wildlife and_____________(栖息地)are a threat to being able to live sustainably within the environment in the future.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】habitat 【详解】考查名词。句意：野生动物和栖息地的丧失是对未来在环境中可持续生存的威胁。根据汉语提示“栖息地”以及上文的The losses of wildlife and可知，空处应填名词作宾语与and前面的wildlife是并列关系，故此处应填名词habitat。故填habitat。 7．Flights should be confirmed 48 hours before ________ (离开). （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】departure 【详解】考查名词。句意：航班应在起飞前48小时确认。空处需用名词作介词before的宾语，根据汉语提示可知，departure意为“离开”，不可数名词，符合题意。故填departure。 8．The incident was used as a pretext for ________ (干预，干涉) in the area. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】intervention 【详解】考查名词。句意：这一事件被用作在该地区进行干预的借口。根据汉语提示可知应填名词intervention，作宾语。故填intervention。 9．It is reported that rapid economic development threatens animal ____________ (栖息地). （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】habitats 【详解】考查名词。句意：据报道，经济的快速发展威胁到了动物栖息地。根据句意和汉语提示应填名词habitat“栖息地”，是可数名词，故填habitats。 10．The building is part of our national ________(遗产). (根据汉语提示拼写单词) 【答案】heritage 【详解】考查名词。句意：这座建筑是我们国家遗产的一部分。根据汉语提示“遗产”可知，空处用不可数名词heritage，作宾语，national heritage表示“国家遗产，国家文物”。故填heritage。 五、完成句子 1．我被交通堵塞耽误了一个多小时，否则我就不会让你等这么久了。（keep） I was caught in a traffic jam for over an hour; otherwise I________ ________ ________ ________ you waiting for such a long time. 【答案】 would/might/could/should not have kept 【详解】考查虚拟语气。结合上文I was caught in a traffic jam for over an hour可知表示与过去事实相反：主句用would (should, could, might) +have+过去分词，从句用过去完成时。表示“让某人等待”应用keep sb. waiting，此处为否定陈述句。故填①would/might/could/should；②not；③have；④kept。 2．专家们认为，必须找到一个方案使所有的兔子都从岛上消失。 Experts ________________to remove all the rabbits from the island. 【答案】felt it necessary to come up with a plan 【详解】考查it用法和非谓语动词。“认为”使用动词feel，“找到”使用动词短语come up with，“方案”使用名词plan，“必须”使用形容词necessary，此处使用it作形式宾语，使用动词不定式作真正的宾语，necessary作宾补，句子是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填felt it necessary to come up with a plan。 3．The green grass and bare rock of its landscape contrast dramatically, _____________________. 景色中绿意盎然的草地和光秃秃的岩石对比鲜明，给这座岛带来一种野性和自然之美。 【答案】giving it a wild and natural beauty 【详解】考查非谓语动词、形容词和名词。根据句意，此处表示“给这座岛带来一种野性和自然之美”，前半句主谓结构完整，后半句需用非谓语动词作状语；“给……带来……”用动词“give”，其逻辑主语是前文“草地和岩石对比鲜明”这件事，二者为主动关系，使用现在分词形式giving，“这座岛”用“it”指代前文的“the island”避免重复，“一种野性和自然之美”译为“a wild and natural beauty”作宾语。故填giving it a wild and natural beauty。 4．__________________（代表）everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】On behalf of 【详解】考查固定搭配，介词短语。句意：我代表在此的每个人，祝你回国之旅一路顺风，旅途愉快。根据汉语提示“代表”，固定短语on behalf of，符合句意，位于句首。故填On behalf of。 5．The programme gives us a ________ (罕见的) glimpse of a great artist at work. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】rare 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个节目给了我们一个难得的机会，让我们一睹一位伟大的艺术家在工作中的风采。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用形容词作定语，修饰名词glimpse，“罕见的”英语表达为“rare”，故答案为rare。 6．Your life ________ (会骤然发生巨大的变化) when you have a baby to take care of. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】changes dramatically 【详解】考查时态和副词。句意：当你有一个孩子需要照顾时，你的生活会骤然发生巨大的变化。该空缺乏主句谓语，结合从句谓语have可知，主句谓语用一般现在时，主句主语为“your life”，主句谓语单数形式。“变化”英文是“change”，“会骤然发生巨大的变化”用副词“dramatically(显著地)”进行翻译，译为“changes dramatically”，副词作状语。故填changes dramatically。 7．But hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those ________and to bury the dead. （根据课文内容填空） 【答案】who were trapped 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：但希望并没有破灭。地震发生后不久，军队派遣15万士兵前往唐山，挖掘被困人员并掩埋死者。空前的those代指那些被困人员，因此空处应用关系代词who作主语，根据上文sent判断为一般过去时，且主语和trap“使……受困”之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语who指代those为复数概念。故填who were trapped。 8．The primary goal of the mission is to __________ and search for signs of extraterrestrial life. (根据句意填空) 【答案】explore the mysterious universe 【详解】句意：这项任务的首要目标是探索神秘的宇宙并搜寻外星生命的迹象。结合The primary goal of the mission和search for signs of extraterrestrial life可知，此处表示首要目标是探索神秘的宇宙，“探索”使用动词explore，不定式符号to后接动词原形形式，后接宾语“神秘的宇宙”，用the mysterious universe表示。 9．As a Chinese, she considers that it is her duty to display the best aspect of the country. (同义句改写) As a Chinese, she considers ________ ________ ________ to display the best aspect of the country. 【答案】 it her duty 【详解】考查句型转换。句意：作为一个中国人，她认为展示中国最好的一面是她的责任。原句中consider后跟that引导的宾语从句，宾语从句中it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语，此句可转换为“consider+宾语+宾语补足语”，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式to display the best aspect of the country，her duty作宾语补足语。故填it her duty。 0．Some owners believe to release them into the wild is no big issue. (Rewrite the underlined parts using “it” as an empty object) ___________________________________________________ 【答案】Some owners believe it no big issue to release them into the wild. 【详解】考查形式宾语。句意：一些主人认为将它们放归野外不是什么大问题。原句“Some owners believe to release them into the wild is no big issue”中“to release them into the wild”是真正的宾语，因较长使句子头重脚轻。改写后，用“it”作形式宾语，“no big issue”作宾语补足语，“to release them into the wild”为真正宾语，符合“believe + it + 宾补 + 真正宾语”结构。故填Some owners believe it no big issue to release them into the wild. 六、单句语法填空 1．After we made a (compare) of the two methods, we decided to adopt the former one. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】comparison 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们比较了两种方法后，决定采用前者。由空前的a和空后的of可知，空处应用名词作宾语。make a comparison of...表示“比较/对比……”。故填comparison。 2． (compare) with your translation work, your partner's is better. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Compared 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：与你的翻译工作相比，你搭档的更好。根据句子结构，此处使用非谓语形式，compare与逻辑主语your partner's是被动关系，所以用compare的过去分词形式compared作状语，句首字母大写。故填Compared。 3．His speech (greeting) with a storm of applause. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was greeted 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：他的演讲受到一阵暴风雨般的掌声欢迎。greet意为“迎接；回应”，句子主语His speech与greet之间是被动关系，即他的演讲被掌声回应。结合语境，这里应使用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were +过去分词”，主语为单数名词，be动词用was。故填was greeted。 4．But to do that, the system must have some (criterion) by which to make decisions. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】criteria 【详解】考查名词。句意：但要做到这一点，系统必须有一些标准来做出决定。分析句子，设空处应该填写名词作宾语。criterion“标准”可数名词，被some修饰，应用其复数形式criteria。故填criteria。 5．All these noises made it impossible for me (go) on with the work. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to go 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所有这些噪音使我无法继续工作。结合“made it impossible for me”可知，此处用“make it+形容词+for sb. to do”表示“使得做某事对某人来说怎么样”，空处应用go的不定式形式，作真正的宾语。故填to go。 6．I can make easier for you to focus on your problems. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】it 【详解】考查代词。句意：我可以让你更容易地专注于你的问题。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定句型make it +adj.+to do sth.，其中it为形式宾语，to do sth.为真正宾语，该句中easier作宾语补足语。故填it。 7．I couldn’t see Don, but as I approached the tractor he jumped out onto the road, (apparent) unhurt, and dashed back to me. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】apparently 【详解】考查副词。句意：我看不见Don，但当我接近拖拉机时，他跳上了马路，显然没有受伤，冲回我身边。分析句子结构，此处空格修饰形容词unhurt，所以要用其副词形式，即apparently，译为“显然，显然地”。故答案为apparently。 8．The lovely boy has no appetite meat because he has eaten too much recently.(用适当的词填空) 【答案】for 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这个可爱的男孩没有胃口吃肉，因为他最近吃得太多了。分析句子可，“appetite”意为“食欲；胃口”，“have no appetite for...”是固定短语，意思是“对……没有胃口；对……没有兴趣”。故填for。 9．For （vary）reasons, it has not been possible to carry out improvements. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】various 【详解】考查形容词。句意：由于种种原因，一直无法进行改进。根据设空后的名词reasons，可知，设空处用形容词。动词vary“变化”，其形容词形式为various，故填various。 10．Your agent will need to sign the form your behalf. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】on 【详解】考查介词。句意：你的代理人需要代表你签署这份表格。on one’s behalf为固定搭配，意为“代表某人”。故填on。 一、阅读理解 Insect numbers have decreased by half in some parts of the world due to climate change an intensive agriculture, a study has found. The combined pressures of global heating and farming are driving a “substantial (大规模的) decline” of insects across the globe, according to UK researchers. Lead researcher, Dr Charlie Outhwaite of UCL, said losing insect populations could be harmful not only to the natural environment, but to human health and food security, particularly with losses of pollinator (传粉昆虫). “Our findings highlight the urgency of actions to preserve natural habitats, slow the expansion of high-intensity agriculture, and cut emissions to reduce climate change,” she added. In the latest study, the researchers pulled together data on the range and number of nearly 20, 000 insect species, including bees, ants, butterflies, grasshoppers and dragonflies, at about 6, 000 different locations. In areas with high-intensity agriculture and substantial warming, insect numbers have decreased by 49%, compared with relatively untouched places that have so far avoided the most severe impacts of climate change, according to the research published in Nature. But the researchers said there was some cause for hope. Setting aside areas of land for nature creates a refuge(庇护所) for insects, which need shade to survive in hot weather. “Careful management of agricultural areas, such as preserving natural habitats near farmland, may help to ensure that vital insects can still survive,” said Dr Tim Newbold, also of UCL. Study researcher, Peter McCann, added, “We need to acknowledge how important insects are for the environment as a whole, and for human health and well-being, in order to address the threats we pose to them before many species are lost forever. ” 1．According to Charlie Outhwaite, how could we stop losing insect numbers? A．Give up developing agriculture. B．Take action to protect natural habitat. C．Highlight the importance of food security. D．Focus on reproducing all sorts of insects. 2．How did the researchers draw the conclusion in the latest study? A．By analyzing data. B．By carrying out a survey. C．By doing experiments. D．By discussing questions. 3．What is Tim Newbold’s attitude to preserving insects? A．Worried. B．Hopeful. C．Doubtful. D．Indifferent. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Some rare insect species dying out B．Natural habitats helping insects survive C．Insect decline bringing great damage to humans D．Climate change and farming driving insect decline 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。由于气候变暖和密集型农业的发展，昆虫的数量正在急剧减少。这一现象给人类健康和食品安全带来了极大的危害。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Our findings highlight the urgency of actions to preserve natural habitats, slow the expansion of high-intensity agriculture, and cut emissions to reduce climate change(我们的发现强调了保护自然栖息地、减缓高强度农业扩张、减少排放以减少气候变化的紧迫性。)”可知，阻止昆虫数量减少的措施之一就是保护其自然栖息地，故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三自然段“the researchers pulled together data on the range and number of nearly 20,000 insect species, including bees, ants, butterflies, grasshoppers and dragonflies, at about 6,000 different locations.(研究人员收集了近2万种昆虫的范围和数量数据，包括蜜蜂、蚂蚁、蝴蝶、蚱蜢和蜻蜓，分布在大约6000个不同的地方。)”可知，科学家收集和对比了各项数据。故作者是通过分析数据得出结论的。故选A 项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“Careful management of agricultural areas, such as preserving natural habitats near farmland, may help to ensure that vital insects can still survive.(仔细管理农业地区，例如保护农田附近的自然栖息地，可能有助于确保重要的昆虫仍然可以生存。)”可知，农业区的精细化管理，比如保护农田附近的自然栖息地，或许有助于保证重要昆虫的存活。因此Tim对于保护昆虫的态度是充满希望的。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一自然段“Insect numbers have decreased by half in some parts of the world due to climate change an intensive agriculture, a study has found. The combined pressures of global heating and farming are driving a “substantial (大规模的) decline” of insects across the globe, according to UK researchers.(一项研究发现，由于气候变化和集约化农业，世界一些地区的昆虫数量减少了一半。英国研究人员称，全球变暖和农业的共同压力正导致全球昆虫数量“大幅下降”。)”可知，本篇文章讲述的是气候变化和农业发展两个方面所导致的昆虫数量减少，所以D项“Climate change and farming driving insect decline(气候变化和农业驱使昆虫减少)”最适合做文章标题。故选D。 二、完形填空 Last night my husband and I were walking when we saw a man bent over on the ground, crushing(碾碎) something with a rock. He was so focused on his 1 that he didn’t look up at anyone passing by. We kept noticing him and 2 what he could be doing. I thought he was crushing stones to make sand, but why would he do that? 3 , we decided to go up and ask him. He was crushing pieces of left-over bread that he had 4 to prepare food for the birds that come there early morning. The large pieces of bread would be 5 for the birds to eat so he crushed them into powder. Every 6 , after coming home from his job as a tailor, he goes around the villa(乡间别墅), collecting left-over bread from all his housemates. He then eats a quick meal and comes here, and spends the next 1—2 hours 7 crushing each piece and makes a neat pile for the birds. He has been doing this for the last 3—4 years. What 8 us more was that he was 9 that we were even taking an interest in this, since for him it wasn’t a big 10 . When we asked him what encouraged him to do this act of 11 , he said, “It’s just something 12 I do, so that the left-over bread doesn’t go into the rubbish and the birds get food.” We 13 his story with the hope that it would 14 us to be aware of leftovers too and that it might 15 someone to start something similar in their own area. 1．A．idea B．task C．hand D．food 2．A．discovered B．learned C．realized D．wondered 3．A．Finally B．Suddenly C．Immediately D．Instead 4．A．bought B．saved C．made D．collected 5．A．necessary B．difficult C．welcome D．possible 6．A．morning B．noon C．night D．afternoon 7．A．carefully B．strictly C．nervously D．proudly 8．A．pleased B．satisfied C．moved D．puzzled 9．A．disappointed B．sorry C．afraid D．surprised 10．A．deal B．present C．dream D．decision 11．A．bravery B．honesty C．suggestion D．service 12．A．curious B．great C．small D．boring 13．A．shared B．created C．believed D．heard 14．A．invite B．remind C．warn D．require 15．A．force B．persuade C．inspire D．train 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．A 11．D 12．C 13．A 14．B 15．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了作者和丈夫外出散步时，发现一个男人正把收集来的剩下的面包碾碎，喂给鸟儿，作者他们非常受感动，于是决定分享他的故事，希望提醒他人剩菜剩饭问题以及鼓励其他人也做类似的好事。 【详解】 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他全神贯注于自己的任务，没有抬头看任何路过的人。A. idea想法；B. task任务；C. hand手；D. food食物。根据上文“crushing something with a rock”以及下文“crushing pieces of leftover bread”可推知，此处指男人专注于将面包用石头碾碎成粉这一任务。故选B。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们一直注意着他，想知道他在干什么。A. discovered发现；B. learnt学习；C. realized意识到；D. wondered想知道。根据下文“what he could be doing”可推知，作者和丈夫注视着这个男人是因为想知道他在干什么。故选D。 3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后我们决定上去问问他。A. Finally终于；B. Suddenly突然；C. Immediately立即；D. Instead相反。根据后文“we decided to go up and ask him”可推知，之前作者他们只是好奇观看，最后决定上去问问这个人到底在干嘛。故选A。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他正在把捡来的面包碎片碾碎，准备给清晨飞来的鸟儿做食物。A. bought购买；B. saved拯救；C. made制作；D. collected收集。结合上文“pieces of leftover bread that he had”以及下文“collecting leftover bread”可推知，这个男人碾碎的是他收集来的剩下的面包。故选D。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大块的面包对鸟儿来说吃起来很困难，所以他把它们碾成粉末。A. necessary必要的；B. difficult困难的；C. welcome受欢迎的；D. possible可能的。根据后文“so he crushed them into powder”可知这人把面包碾碎是因为大块的面包鸟儿吃起来困难。故选B。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天下午，当他做完裁缝的工作回到家后，他都会在乡间别墅周围转转，从所有的室友那里收集剩下的面包。A. morning早上；B. noon中午；C. night夜晚；D. afternoon下午。结合下文“after coming home from his job”可推知，这个男人在是下午下班回家的时候去收集面包。故选D。 7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后他很快吃完饭，来到这里，花1到2个小时仔细地把每一块都碾碎给鸟吃。A. carefully仔细地；B. strictly严格地；C. nervously紧张地；D. proudly自豪地。根据上文“spends the next 1 — 2 hours”以及下文“crushing each piece for the birds”可推知，此处指这个男人仔细地把每一块面包碾碎给鸟吃。故选A。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：更让我们感动的是，他很惊讶我们竟然对这件事感兴趣，因为对他来说这没什么大不了的。A. pleased满意；B. satisfied满足；C. moved感动；D. puzzled使困惑。根据上文“He has been doing this for the last 3 — 4 years.”以及下文“since for him it wasn’t a big”可推知，这个男人用剩下的面包碾碎喂鸟的行为感动了作者和丈夫。故选C。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更让我们感动的是，他很惊讶我们竟然对这件事感兴趣，因为对他来说这没什么大不了的。A. disappointed失望的；B. sorry抱歉的；C. afraid害怕的；D. surprised惊讶的。结合后文“we were even taking an interest in this, since for him it wasn’t a big”可推知，此处指男人觉得喂鸟没什么大不了的，但作者夫妇却对此感兴趣，男人因此觉得惊讶。故选D。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：更让我们感动的是，他很惊讶我们竟然对这件事感兴趣，因为对他来说这没什么大不了的。A. deal大量、待遇；B. present礼物；C. dream梦想；D. decision决定。结合上文“since for him it wasn’t a big”以及下文“It’s just something small I do”可推知，此处指男人觉得给鸟儿碾碎面包喂食只是一件小事，没什么大不了的。“not a big deal”意为“没什么大不了”。故选A。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们问他是什么鼓励他做这项服务时，他说：“我做的只是一件小事，为了让鸟儿得到食物。”A. bravery勇敢；B. honesty诚实；C. suggestion建议；D. service服务。结合上文“carefully crushing each piece for the birds”可知，男人收集剩下的面包碾碎了喂鸟，从而推知，这是一种为鸟儿服务的行为。故选D。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们问他是什么鼓励他做这个服务的行为时，他说：“这只是一件小事，我这样做了，这样剩下的面包就不会扔进垃圾堆，鸟儿也会得到食物。”A. curious好奇的；B. great伟大的；C. small小的；D. boring无聊的。结合上文男人认为这没什么大不了，可知他认为这只是一件小事。故选C。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们分享了他的故事，希望这能提醒我们也要注意剩饭剩菜，并激励一些人在自己的地区也开始做类似的事情。A. shared分享；B. created创造；C. believed相信；D. heard听见。根据后文“his story with the hope”可知作者他们分享了这个男人的故事。故选A。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们分享了他的故事，希望这能提醒我们也要注意剩饭剩菜，并鼓舞其他人在自己的地区也开始做类似的事情。A. invite邀请；B. remind提醒；C. warn警告；D. require要求。根据下文“us to be aware of leftovers too”可推知，作者夫妇分享男人的故事是希望能提醒我们注意剩菜剩饭问题。故选B。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们分享了他的故事，希望这能提醒我们也要注意剩饭剩菜，并鼓舞其他人在自己的地区也开始做类似的事情。A. force迫使；B. persuade说服；C. inspire鼓舞；D. train训练。根据下文“someone to start something similar in their own area”可推知，作者夫妇分享了男人的故事，也是希望可以鼓舞其他人做类似的事情。故选C。 三、语法填空 People have always been scared of sharks, but Jaws made 1 (thing) worse. It made people 2 (frighten) of sharks, especially of the great white shark. Many people started fishing for sharks, 3 (kill) as many as they could. After 1975, the number of large sharks around America fell quickly, and soon fell around the world. This was not only due 4 fear of sharks, but also finning. In 1980, Benchley 5 (dive) when he came across an awful sight. It was an area 6 fishermen were finning, and the sea floor was covered with dead sharks. Benchley saw sharks 7 (kill) and this caused a deep change in him. He came to see people as a danger to sharks, rather than 8 other way round. From that day on, he fought to protect sharks. He admitted that his book was wrong about sharks’ behaviour. 9 (fortunate), not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks—some became interested in understanding them. Today, as we learn more about sharks, more people than ever want to protect them 10 extinction. 【答案】 1．things 2．frightened 3．killing 4．to 5．was diving 6．where 7．being killed 8．the 9．Fortunately 10．from 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们对鲨鱼的畏惧促使人们去捕捉它们，导致鲨鱼数量减少。Benchley看到鲨鱼被捕杀的景象后，开始为保护鲨鱼而战，如今人们也逐渐意识到保护鲨鱼的必要性。 【详解】 1. 考查名词单复数。句意：人们一直都害怕鲨鱼，但电影《大白鲨》让情况变得更糟。可数名词thing前没有不定冠词，所以用复数things表示泛指。故填things。 2.考查形容词。句意：它使人们害怕鲨鱼，尤其是大白鲨。此处为“make+宾语+adj.”结构，此处形容词修饰人，应用ed结尾的形容词，形容词frightened作宾语people的补足语，表示“害怕的”。故填frightened。 3.考查现在分词。句意：许多人开始捕捞鲨鱼，尽可能多地捕杀它们。设空处作伴随状语，主语Many people与kill为逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词。故填killing。 4.考查介词。句意：这不仅是因为对鲨鱼的恐惧，还因为人们要割鳍。due to固定搭配，意为“因为，由于”。故填to。 5.考查时态。句意：1980年，本奇利正在潜水时，偶然遇到了一个可怕的景象。“be doing+when...”固定句型，表示“正在做……这时”，句子描述的事发生在过去，主语是第三人称单数，be动词应用was。故填was diving。 6.考查定语从句。句意：那是一个渔民们割鱼鳍的地方，那儿的海底布满了死鲨鱼。先行词area指“地域”，表示地点，且从句缺少地点状语，所以使用关系副词where引导。故填where。 7.考查非谓语动词。句意：本奇利看到鲨鱼被捕杀，这使他发生了深刻的变化。see sb. doing sth.“看到某人正在做某事”。sharks与kill之间为被动关系，所以应用现在分词的被动，故填being killed。 8.考查固定短语。句意：他逐渐明白人类对鲨鱼是一种威胁，而非鲨鱼对人类是威胁。the other way round固定搭配，意为“正相反”。故填the。 9.考查副词。句意：幸运的是，并不是每个看过电影《大白鲨》的人都变得害怕鲨鱼——有些人变得对理解它们产生了兴趣。此处应用副词修饰句子，作状语，表示“幸运的是”为副词fortunately，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Fortunately。 10.考查固定短语。句意：今天，随着我们对鲨鱼的了解越来越多，比以往更多的人想保护它们使它们免于灭绝。protect...from…固定搭配，意为“保护……免遭……”。故填from。 $ Unit 5 A delicate world重难词汇精练 参考答案 一、重点单词 1. halfway adj. 中间的，半途的 2. dramatically adv. 显著地 3. heritage n. 遗产；传统 4. habitat n. 栖息地 5. subsequently adv. 后来，随后 6. appetite n. 胃口，食欲 7. multiply v. （使）大大增加，（使）倍增 8. erosion n. 侵蚀 9. chaos n. 大混乱；紊乱 10. conservation n. 保护 11. virus n. 病毒 12. decrease v. （使）变小，（使）减少 13. trap n. 夹子，陷阱 14. departure n. 离开 15. immunity n. 免疫力 16. explode v. 突然增加 17. collapse v. 倒坍；塌下 18. substantial adj. 大量的，多的 19. incident n. 事件 20. intervention n. 干预，介入 21. owe v. 应该做；对……负有……的义务 22. ecology n. 生态 23. dissolve v. （使）溶解 24. nutrient n. 养分，营养物 25. comparison n. 比较 26. visual adj. 视觉的 27. session n. 一段时间 28. mysterious adj. 神秘的 29. status n. 地位；身份 30. criterion n. 标准，准则 31. prosper v. 兴旺，发达 32. rare adj. 稀有的，罕见的 33. biological adj. 生物的，与生物有关的 34. apparently adv. 据说；看来，似乎 35. vast adj. 巨大的；广大的 36. altitude n. 海拔（高度） 37. variation n. 差异；变化 38. thrive v. 茁壮成长 39. endangered adj. 濒临灭绝的 40. elsewhere adv. 在别处 41. invasion n. 涌入 42. coexist v. 共存，共处 43. secure adj. 稳固的；安全的 44. greeting n. 问候，招呼 二、词性转换 1. halfway adj./adv. → half + way 2. dramatically adv. → dramatic adj. → drama n. 3. heritage n. → heritable adj. 4. inhabitant n. → inhabit vt./vi. 5. subsequently adv. → subsequent adj. 6. appetite n. → appetizing adj. 7. multiply v. → multiplication n. 8. vegetation n. → vegetable n. → vegetative adj. 9. erosion n. → erode vt./vi. 10. chaos n. → chaotic adj. 11. conservation n. → conserve vt. → conservationist n. 12. virus n. → viral adj. 13. decrease v./n. 过去式/过去分词 decreased 14. trap n./v. 过去式/过去分词 trapped 15. departure n. → depart vi./vt. 16. immunity n. → immune adj. 17. explode v. → explosion n. → explosive adj. 18. collapse v./n. 过去式/过去分词 collapsed 19. substantial adj. → substance n. 20. incident n. → incidental adj. 21. intervention n. → intervene vi./vt. 22. owe v. 过去式/过去分词 owed 23. postscript n. → post- + script 24. pest n. → pesticide n. 25. ecology n. → ecological adj. → ecologist n. 26. dissolve v. → dissolution n. 27. nutrient n. → nutrition n. 28. comparison n. → compare v. → comparative adj. 29. visual adj. → vision n. → visible adj. 30. session n. → sessional adj. 31. herbal adj. → herb n. 32. mysterious adj. → mystery n. 33. criterion n. 复数 criteria 34. prosper v. → prosperity n. → prosperous adj. 35. rare adj. → rarely adv. → rarity n. 36. biological adj. → biology n. → biologist n. 37. apparently adv. → apparent adj. 38. vast adj. → vastly adv. 39. variation n. → vary v. → variety n. 40. thrive v. 过去式/过去分词 thrived 三、核心短语 1. fail to do 未能做到某事 2. in harmony with 与……协调；和……一致 3. develop an appetite for 以……为食/对……感兴趣 4. be introduced to 被引入到/被介绍给 5. out of control 失去控制 6. remove...from 将……从……清除 7. with...in mind 考虑到…… 8. decrease from...to 从……减少到…… 9. in consequence/as a consequence 因此；结果 10. turn out 结果是；原来是 11. a substantial number of 大量的 12. once and for all 彻底地；最终地 13. every last one 每一个 14. owe it to...to do 应该为……做某事 15. break down 使分解；出现故障 16. on behalf of 代表 17. be at one with 成为一体 18. coexist with 与……共存/共生 19. in return 作为回报；作为回应 20. earn one’s place 赢得一席之地 21. be renowned for 以……而闻名 四、单词拼写 1．develop 2．visual 3．visual 4．comparison 5．appetite 6．habitat 7．departure 8．intervention 9．habitats 10．heritage 五、完成句子 1．would/might/could/should not have kept 2．felt it necessary to come up with a plan 3．giving it a wild and natural beauty 4．On behalf of 5．rare 6．changes dramatically 7．who were trapped 8．explore the mysterious universe 9．it her duty 10．Some owners believe it no big issue to release them into the wild. 六、单句语法填空 1．comparison 2．Compared 3．was greeted 4．criteria 5．to go 6．it 7．apparently 8．for 9．various 10．on 一、阅读理解 1．B　2．A　3．B　4．D 二、完形填空 1．B　2．D　3．A　4．D　5．B 6．D　7．A　8．C　9．D　10．A 11．D　12．C　13．A　14．B　15．C 三、语法填空 1．things 2．frightened 3．killing 4．to 5．was diving 6．where 7．being killed 8．the 9．Fortunately 10．from 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $