Unit 1 The Changing WorldGrammar Focus 4a-4c同步导学案 2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册

该初中英语导学案以“世界变化”为主题，聚焦used to do、一般过去时、现在完成时三大时态，设定知识（句型结构与标志词）、能力（辨析应用）、素养（家国情怀）三维目标。通过课前预习（动词变形）、课堂任务（时态辨析、对话/短文填空）、课后巩固（填空、句型转换、书面表达）的递进设计，构建完整学习路径。 亮点在于“今昔对比”主题探究，如书面表达“Changes in Transport in My Hometown”需综合运用三种时态，培养语言能力与文化意识。三大时态对比速记表直观呈现核心差异，提升思维品质。教师版含答案及范文，为教师提供清晰教学指导，助力学生系统掌握语法并实现知识迁移。

Unit 1 The Changing World Grammar Focus 4a-4c 同步导学案（学生版+教师版） 第一部分：学生版导学案（完整版·含全部知识点·无答案） 【学习目标】 1. 知识目标：熟记 used to do、一般过去时、现在完成时 三种时态的完整句型结构、标志词、用法区别，掌握单元高频动词变形。 2. 能力目标：能准确辨析三种时态，熟练完成时态判断、动词填空、句型转换，能结合家乡变迁话题进行口语和书面输出。 3. 素养目标：通过今昔对比句型感受乡村发展变化，树立家国情怀，提升英语语法应用与写作能力。 【核心语法精讲·必背考点】 一、used to do （单元核心·今昔对比专用） 1. 含义： 表示过去常常做某事 / 过去存在某种状态，现在已经不再如此，只用于过去常态，不与现在时间连用。 2. 完整句型结构 ✅ 肯定句：主语 + used to + 动词原形 ✅ 否定句：主语 + didn’t use to + 动词原形 ✅ 一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + use to + 动词原形？ ✅ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + use to + 动词原形？ ✅ 存在句型：There used to be + 名词（过去曾经有……） 3. 例句 He used to work in big cities. 他过去在大城市工作。 There didn’t use to be high-tech greenhouses here. 这里过去没有高科技温室。 4. 易错点： used to 后必须加动词原形；否定、疑问句式中还原为 use to。 二、一般过去时 1. 含义： 过去某个具体时间发生并结束的动作，与现在无关联。 2. 常用标志词： yesterday, last…, …ago, in the past, just now 3. 完整句型结构 ✅ 肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 ✅ 否定句：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 ✅ 一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形？ ✅ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形？ 3. 例句： The village opened a new library last Friday. 这个村庄上周五新开了一座图书馆。 三、现在完成时 1. 含义： 动作发生在过去，持续到现在，或对现在造成影响，重点强调现在的结果。 2. 常用标志词： just, ever, never, yet, already, for+时间段, since+时间点 3. 完整句型结构 ✅ 肯定句：主语 + have/has + 动词过去分词 ✅ 否定句：主语 + have/has + not + 动词过去分词 ✅ 一般疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + 动词过去分词？ ✅ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + 动词过去分词？ 3. 例句： Great changes have taken place in my hometown. 我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。 四、三大时态对比速记表（考试必考） 时态 核心用法 标志性词汇 动词形式 used to do 过去常态，现在已改变（用于今昔对比） in the past（无具体时间） used to + 动词原形 一般过去时 过去具体时间完成，与现在无关 ago / last / yesterday 动词过去式 现在完成时 动作持续至今/对现在有影响 ever / yet / just / for / since have/has + 过去分词 【课前预习·动词变形默写】 写出下列高频动词的过去式、过去分词 1. be ________ / ________ 2. open ________ / ________ 3. go ________ / ________ 4. see ________ / ________ 5. build ________ / ________ 6. take ________ / ________ 7. make ________ / ________ 8. improve ________ / ________ 9. plant ________ / ________ 10. change ________ / ________ 【课堂任务1 4a 时态辨析】 读出句子，划出动词，在括号内标注对应时态（used to do / 一般过去时 / 现在完成时） 1. He became a good friend of your grandfather about 20 years ago. (__________) 2. We used to have to travel far to see a doctor. (__________) 3. Many people used to work in big cities. (__________) 4. They haven’t seen each other for ages! (__________) 5. Our village has just built a new hospital. (__________) 6. More of them have come back to live and work here. (__________) 【课堂任务2 4b 对话填空】 用括号内动词的正确形式补全对话 A: ______ you ______ (be) to the new library yet? B: No, I ______ (not know) there was a new library. When did it ______ (open)? A: It ______ (open) last Friday. I ______ (go) there with my grandpa on Saturday night. B: ______ you ______ (like) it? A: Of course! It’s the most high-tech library I ______ ever ______ (visit). B: Oh, what ______ you ______ (see) there? A: I also ______ (read) digital books on the computer. My grandpa ______ (listen) to audio books. B: Cool! I ______ (bring) my little brother there tomorrow. 【课堂任务3 4c 短文填空】 用动词适当形式填空，体会三种时态用法 In the past, it ______ (be) difficult to travel in Guizhou. In many places, there used to ______ (be) no bridges to cross mountains and rivers. This ______ (make) it hard for locals to sell products. Now great changes ______ (take) place. The government ______ (build) lots of highways and railways. A journey that used to ______ (take) a day now takes only a few hours. The lives of local people ______ (improve) greatly. They are much happier than they once ______ (be). 【课后巩固练习题】 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. I ______ (see) this new library last week. 2. He ______ never ______ (visit) a high-tech greenhouse before. 3. People ______ (use to) walk a long way to shop years ago. 4. My hometown ______ just ______ (build) a new railway station. 5. ______ you ______ (be) to the village tourist attraction yet? 6. There ______ (be) no e-payment in our village 20 years ago. 7. We ______ (not see) each other for three years. 8. They ______ (plant) many trees to protect soil last spring. 二、句型转换 1. Many people worked in big cities in the past.（用used to改写） Many people ______ ______ ______ in big cities. 2. Our village built a new hospital last year.（改为现在完成时） Our village ______ just ______ a new hospital. 3. I went to the new library last Friday.（改为现在完成时一般疑问句） ______ you ______ to the new library yet? 三、书面表达（60词左右） 题目：Changes in Transport in My Hometown 要求：必须使用 used to do、一般过去时、现在完成时 三种时态，语句通顺，紧扣家乡交通变化。 ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 第二部分：教师版导学案 【学习目标】 1. 知识目标：熟记 used to do、一般过去时、现在完成时 三种时态的完整句型结构、标志词、用法区别，掌握单元高频动词变形。 2. 能力目标：能准确辨析三种时态，熟练完成时态判断、动词填空、句型转换，能结合家乡变迁话题进行口语和书面输出。 3. 素养目标：通过今昔对比句型感受乡村发展变化，树立家国情怀，提升英语语法应用与写作能力。 【核心语法精讲·必背考点】 一、used to do （单元核心·今昔对比专用） 1. 含义： 表示过去常常做某事 / 过去存在某种状态，现在已经不再如此，只用于过去常态，不与现在时间连用。 2. 完整句型结构 ✅ 肯定句：主语 + used to + 动词原形 ✅ 否定句：主语 + didn’t use to + 动词原形 ✅ 一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + use to + 动词原形？ ✅ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + use to + 动词原形？ ✅ 存在句型：There used to be + 名词（过去曾经有……） 3. 例句 He used to work in big cities. 他过去在大城市工作。 There didn’t use to be high-tech greenhouses here. 这里过去没有高科技温室。 4. 易错点： used to 后必须加动词原形；否定、疑问句式中还原为 use to。 二、一般过去时 1. 含义： 过去某个具体时间发生并结束的动作，与现在无关联。 2. 常用标志词： yesterday, last…, …ago, in the past, just now 3. 完整句型结构 ✅ 肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 ✅ 否定句：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 ✅ 一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形？ ✅ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形？ 3. 例句： The village opened a new library last Friday. 这个村庄上周五新开了一座图书馆。 三、现在完成时 1. 含义： 动作发生在过去，持续到现在，或对现在造成影响，重点强调现在的结果。 2. 常用标志词： just, ever, never, yet, already, for+时间段, since+时间点 3. 完整句型结构 ✅ 肯定句：主语 + have/has + 动词过去分词 ✅ 否定句：主语 + have/has + not + 动词过去分词 ✅ 一般疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + 动词过去分词？ ✅ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + 动词过去分词？ 3. 例句： Great changes have taken place in my hometown. 我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。 四、三大时态对比速记表（考试必考） 时态 核心用法 标志性词汇 动词形式 used to do 过去常态，现在已改变（用于今昔对比） in the past（无具体时间） used to + 动词原形 一般过去时 过去具体时间完成，与现在无关 ago / last / yesterday 动词过去式 现在完成时 动作持续至今/对现在有影响 ever / yet / just / for / since have/has + 过去分词 【课前预习·动词变形默写】（原题+答案） 写出下列高频动词的过去式、过去分词 1. be was / been 2. open opened / opened 3. go went / gone 4. see saw / seen 5. build built / built 6. take took / taken 7. make made / made 8. improve improved / improved 9. plant planted / planted 10. change changed / changed 【课堂任务1 4a 时态辨析】（原题+答案） 读出句子，划出动词，在括号内标注对应时态（used to do / 一般过去时 / 现在完成时） 1. He became a good friend of your grandfather about 20 years ago. (一般过去时) 2. We used to have to travel far to see a doctor. (used to do) 3. Many people used to work in big cities. (used to do) 4. They haven’t seen each other for ages! (现在完成时) 5. Our village has just built a new hospital. (现在完成时) 6. More of them have come back to live and work here. (现在完成时) 【课堂任务2 4b 对话填空】（原题+答案） 用括号内动词的正确形式补全对话 A: Have you been (be) to the new library yet? B: No, I didn’t know (not know) there was a new library. When did it open (open)? A: It opened (open) last Friday. I went (go) there with my grandpa on Saturday night. B: Did you like (like) it? A: Of course! It’s the most high-tech library I have ever visited (visit). B: Oh, what did you see (see) there? A: I also read (read) digital books on the computer. My grandpa listened (listen) to audio books. B: Cool! I will bring / am going to bring (bring) my little brother there tomorrow. 【课堂任务3 4c 短文填空】（原题+答案） 用动词适当形式填空，体会三种时态用法 In the past, it was (be) difficult to travel in Guizhou. In many places, there used to be (be) no bridges to cross mountains and rivers. This made (make) it hard for locals to sell products. Now great changes have taken (take) place. The government has built (build) lots of highways and railways. A journey that used to take (take) a day now takes only a few hours. The lives of local people have improved (improve) greatly. They are much happier than they once were (be). 【课后巩固练习题】（原题+标准答案） 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. I ______ (see) this new library last week. 答案：saw 2. He ______ never ______ (visit) a high-tech greenhouse before. 答案：has; visited 3. People ______ (use to) walk a long way to shop years ago. 答案：used to 4. My hometown ______ just ______ (build) a new railway station. 答案：has; built 5. ______ you ______ (be) to the village tourist attraction yet? 答案：Have; been 6. There ______ (be) no e-payment in our village 20 years ago. 答案：was 7. We ______ (not see) each other for three years. 答案：haven’t seen 8. They ______ (plant) many trees to protect soil last spring. 答案：planted 二、句型转换 1. Many people worked in big cities in the past.（用used to改写） Many people ______ ______ ______ in big cities. 答案：used to work 2. Our village built a new hospital last year.（改为现在完成时） Our village ______ just ______ a new hospital. 答案：has; built 3. I went to the new library last Friday.（改为现在完成时一般疑问句） ______ you ______ to the new library yet? 答案：Have; been 三、书面表达（60词左右）参考范文 Changes in Transport in My Hometown Great changes have taken place in the transport of my hometown. People used to walk or ride bikes when they went out. It used to take a long time to travel to big cities. The government built new highways and railways in recent years. Now we can travel much faster and more easily. I have taken the new railway many times. 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