专题03 选词填空之小猫钓鱼方略（复习讲义）（上海专用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语高考复习讲义聚焦选词填空专题，系统覆盖名词、动词、形容词、副词及非谓语动词五大核心考点，依据句子成分分析法构建知识框架，通过命题透视研判考情、思维建模梳理脉络、考点精讲拆解规律、真题溯源感知考向四环节，帮助学生建立从词性判定到语境应用的解题逻辑，体现复习教学的系统性与针对性。 讲义创新采用“信号标志定位法”与“速记口诀强化”策略，如名词判定聚焦冠词、限定词等七大信号，动词区分谓语与非谓语三类变形，结合分层真题训练（基础考点例析、高考真题演练、名校模拟提升），培养学生语言能力与思维品质，确保短时间内高效突破难点，为教师精准把控复习节奏、提升学生应考能力提供有力支撑。

专题03 选词填空之小猫钓鱼方略 内容导航 01 命题透视·考情前瞻 对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 02 思维建模·脉络梳理 搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 03 考点精讲·靶向突破 拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 考点聚焦 考查句子成分分析法判断词性 知识解构 知识点1 名词的判定 知识点2 动词的判定 知识点3 形容词的判定 知识点4副词的判定 知识点5非谓语动词的判定 考向破译 考向1 名词的确定 考向2 动词的确定 考向3 形容词的确定 考向4 副词的确定 考向5 非谓语动词的确定 04 真题溯源·考向感知 溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 命题透视·考情前瞻 ——对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 年份 词汇填空考点分布 2025上海春考 名词考查3；动词考查3；形容词考查2；非谓语考查2；其中构词法1 2024上海春考 名词考查3；动词考查5；形容词考查2；其中构词法3 2023上海春考 名词考查4；动词考查4；形容词考查3；其中构词法0 2022上海秋考 名词考查5；动词考查2；形容词考查2；其中构词法1 2022上海春考 名词考查4；动词考查3；形容词考查3；其中构词法1 2021上海秋考 名词考查2；动词考查5；形容词考查3；其中构词法2；分词2 2021上海春考 名词考查2；动词考查6；形容词考查2；其中构词法2；分词2 思维建模·脉络梳理 ——搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 词性考察 考点分析 做题技巧 名词 1、主要考察名词作主语和宾语 2、注意名词也可作前置定语 1、先判断方框单词的词性词义，注意一词多性和一词多义。 2、精读第一句，掌握文章主题。 3、根据语法知识确定被填入空格词的词性，缩小范围。 4、根据文章理解确定答案。 5、仔细检查，最终敲定答案。 动词 do/does形式： 1、句子缺少一个谓语动词，可根据“谓语动词数=连词数+1”规则判断 2、注意三单和动词及物不及物 doing形式： 1、可能是动名词和现在分词 2、动名词主要考察作主语、宾语 3、现在分词主要考察作表语、定语、状语、宾补，注意分词短语作后置定语情况 done形式： 1、可能是谓语动词过去式、被动语态及过去分词 2、若空格前有be动词，要根据句意判断是被动还是表状态的过去分词 3、过去分词主要考察作表语、定语、状语、宾补，注意分词短语作后置定语情况，注意单个过去分词作后置定语的情况，如：left，saved，remained，gained等 形容词 单个形容词作前置定语，形容词短语作后置定语 副词 句子结构完整时用副词，位置可放句首，句中，句末 考点精讲·靶向突破 ——拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 考点一 考查句子成分分析法判断词性 知●识●解●构 知识点1 名词词性判断规律 一、空格必填名词的信号标志 1. 冠词后：a/an/the + ____ 2. 限定词后：this/that/these/those/some/any/many/few/several/quantities of + ____ 3. 数词后：基数词、序数词后；hundred/thousand/million + ____ 4. 所有格后：sb.’s / sth.’s + ____ 5. 介词后：介词 in/on/at/for/with/without/of 等后接名词作宾语 6. 主谓搭配：空格在谓语前作主语；或在及物动词后作宾语 7. 固定结构：one of + 复数名词；a variety of + n. 二、选项名词变形考点（备选词多为词根转换） 1. 动词→名词：act→action；decide→decision；differ→difference 2. 形容词→名词：different→difference；confident→confidence 3. 可数 / 不可数区分：空格前有 many/few 填复数；much/little 填不可数名词 4. 复数提示：空格无冠词、表一类事物，常填名词复数 三、易错点 of 前后多为名词所有格结构；介词后只能填名词 / 动名词，不可直接填动词原形。 知识点2 动词词性判断规律 一、空格填谓语动词信号（有时态 / 语态变形） 1. 空格在主语后，无其他谓语动词，作句子主干谓语 2. 由 and/but/or 连接并列谓语，前后均为动词 3. 情态动词后：can/may/must/should/will + ____（动词原形） 4. 助动词后：do/does/did/have/has/had + ____ 二、谓语动词三步变形判断 1. 时态：根据全文叙事、时间状语定现在 / 过去 / 完成 / 将来 2. 语态：主语与动词主动 / 被动，被动需 be+done 3. 主谓一致：单数主语谓语三单；复数主语用原形 / 过去式 三、动词原形专属场景 1.情态动词后；2. 不定式 to 后；3. 祈使句句首 知识点3 形容词词性判断规律 一、空格必填形容词标志 1. 修饰名词：____ + 名词（形容词前置定语） 2. 系动词后作表语 be/get/become/feel/look/sound/smell/taste/seem/stay + ____ 3. 比较级 / 最高级标志 much/far/a little + ____（比较级）；the + ____ + est（最高级） 4. 不定代词后：something/nothing/anything + ____（后置定语） 5. 固定搭配：make/keep/find + 宾语 + 形容词（宾补） 二、形容词词形转换高频考法 1. 名词→形容词：care→careful；hope→hopeful；nature→natural 2. 动词→形容词：tire→tired/tiring；surprise→surprised/surprising 3. 否定前缀：un-/in-/im-/ir-（unhappy, impossible） 三、关键区分：-ed 形容词与人搭配，-ing 形容词与物搭配 the excited boy；an exciting story 知识点4 副词词性判断规律 一、空格填副词四大场景 1. 修饰动词：动词前 / 后 + ____ He speaks ____. / He ____ speaks. 2. 修饰形容词 / 其他副词：____ + adj./adv extremely difficult；quite quickly 3. 修饰整个句子，放句首，常有逗号隔开 ____, we finished the task on time.（Fortunately） 4. 比较级修饰：even/rather + 副词比较级 二、副词核心变形规则 1. 形容词 + ly → 副词：quick→quickly；slow→slowly 2. 特殊变化：true→truly；simple→simply；good→well 3. 同形副词：fast, hard, late（无 ly 形式） 三、易混区分 形容词修饰名词；副词修饰动词、形容词、整句话。 知识点5 非谓语动词判断规律 一、判定核心前提 句子已有完整谓语动词，无并列连词 and/but，空格不能填谓语，只能填非谓语三种形式。 二、三类非谓语适用场景拆解 1. to do 不定式 1. 固定动词搭配：want/hope/decide/refuse/plan/choose to do 2. 表目的：to do 放句首 / 主句后，“为了……” 3. 后置定语：名词后 to do 表将来动作 4. 固定句型：It is + adj. + to do sth. 2. doing 动名词 / 现在分词 1. 介词后必用 doing：in/by/without/after + doing 2. 固定搭配：enjoy/practice/suggest/mind/avoid doing 3. 作定语 / 状语：表主动、进行含义 the girl standing there（主动） 4. 主语 / 宾语：Seeing is believing. 3. done 过去分词 1. 作定语、状语，表被动、完成 the broken glass 破碎的杯子 2. 固定结构：find/have sth. done 让某物被…… 三、快速判断逻辑 1. 表目的、将来、要去做 → to do 2. 表主动、进行、介词后、习惯动作 → doing 3. 表被动、已经完成 → done 通用完整解题步骤（适配上海选词填空） 1. 标注备选词词性（n./v./adj./adv./ 非谓语），分五大词库； 2. 通读句子，根据上文 5 类词性标志，确定空格所需词性，筛掉无关词； 3. 结合固定搭配、感情色彩（褒义 / 贬义）、上下文逻辑锁定单词； 4. 词形变形：名词单复数、动词时态语态、形容词副词比较级、非谓语形式； 5. 代入通读校验，排除语义不通选项。 速记口诀 名前冠限定介词，主谓宾位好识别； 主语后无并列词，情态助动填谓语； 形修名词系后表，不定代词后置靠； 副修动形整句话，大多加 ly 别记差； 已有谓语无并列，三种非谓仔细划：to 表目的 do 主动，done 被动别混淆。 考●向●破●译 考向1 名词的确定 名词的确定：名词充当主语 / 动词宾语 / 介词宾语；名词可前置修饰名词作定语；冠词 a/an/the、数量词、形容词后必接名词。 例 1 （2025~2026学年闵行区二模18空） A. access B. exhibits C. chapter D. share E. randomly F. encounters G. delivered H. transformed I. thorough J. primitively K. novel This London Museum Lets You Order Objects By giving the public nearly unrestricted (17)______ to the objects, the manager of the museum hoped that the space would allow visitors to form a closer bond with the collection. More broadly, the storehouse marks a new (18)______ in the way museums engage with their their collections. An estimated 97 percent of museum artifacts (手工艺品) remain in storage at anygiven time, ........ 答案： 18. C 18.C. chapter 解析：空格前有“a new”，需要名词。 “chapter”本义为“章节”，引申为“新阶段”。后文“marks a new chapter in the way museums engage...”表示“标志着博物馆与藏品互动方式的新篇章”。 判定依据：空前有不定冠词 a + 形容词 new，冠词后必须填名词；chapter 本义 “章节”，引申为 “新阶段”，a new chapter 固定搭配，作 marks 的宾语，符合名词作动词宾语判定规则。 例 2 （2025~2026学年普陀区二模19空） A. access B. address C. competence D. considerable E. exposure F. hazardous G. idealized H. normalize I. safeguard J. prioritize K. vital Educational institutions play a(n) ____18____ role in helping adolescents use social media responsibly. Schools can empower students to critically evaluate online content and manage screen time by integrating digital ____19____ and mental health education into school curricula. Schools can also set up peer support groups and offer counselling services to deal with related challenges early. 【答案】 19. C 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：学校可通过将数字素养与心理健康教育融入课程，培养学生批判性评估网络内容、管理屏幕时间的能力。结合“数字能力、课程内容”的语境，此处表示“能力、素养”，应选competence，故选C。 判定依据：digital 为形容词，形容词修饰名词，此处名词与 mental health education 并列作 integrating 的宾语；digital competence 数字素养，名词作介词 into 前的并列宾语，符合名词判定特征。 例 3 （2025~2026学年杨浦区二模 11 空） Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. purchased B. vision C. indicating D. considerably E. covering F. ripen G. confusion H. concept I. rots J. subsequently K. severe New Label Helps Consumers Better Determine Food Quality Determining whether food has spoiled can be a tricky task. The ___11___ over “use by” and “best before” labels often results in safe and consumable food being thrown out. This issue contributes significantly to the global food crisis, as roughly one-third of the food produced for the world is being wasted and millions of people in dozens of countries are facing ___12___ hunger each year. However, a groundbreaking invention called Mimica Touch aims to help tackle this crisis by providing a more accurate method of evaluating the safety of food ___13___. 【答案】11. G 【11题详解】 考查名词。句意：关于“使用截止日期”和“最佳食用期限”标签的混淆常常导致原本安全且可食用的食物被丢弃。该空需要一个名词作主语，根据后面定语部分over “use by” and “best before” labels 可知，这两种标签引发困惑。名词confusion“困惑”符合题意。 故选G项。 判定依据：空格位于谓语 results 前，是句子主语；定冠词 The 限定后面名词，confusion “困惑” 作句子主语，属于名词充当主语核心判定标志。 考向2 动词的确定 动词的确定：动词最容易确定，因为一个句子没有动词就等于没有谓语，是很明显的缺陷。而且动词的关联性、可比性最差，选这个和选那个有天壤之别。简单句必须有谓语动词；情态动词 can/may/must 后、不定式 to 后接动词原形；时态语态变形（过去式 / 三单）；主谓搭配、动宾搭配是解题核心。 例 1 （2025~2026学年松江区二模第11空） Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. Accomplish B. barely C. contrast D. decent E. demands F. harmony G. multiple H. otherwise I. rewards J. sources K. timely Why Are Photos Taken During Blue Hour? As a professional photographer, I've taken many of my favorite pictures at blue hour--the time of day before sunrise or after sunset when the atmosphere has a deep, dark blue color. Blue hour is not really an hour--its exact length depends on your location, time of year, and weather conditions. The important thing is that the sun is a(n) 11 ______ way beneath the horizon so the sky has neither too many nor too few sunrise or sunset colors--mainly just blue. 【答案】11. D 【11 题详解】考查形容词。句意：重要的是太阳位于地平线以下相当深的位置，这样天空既没有太多也没有太少日出或日落的色彩 —— 主要就是蓝色。空处修饰名词 way，结合语境表示 “相当的、足够的”，形容词decent符合题意。故选 D。 判定依据：句子主语 tree rings，后面直接接宾语 annual growth conditions，句子缺少谓语动词；全文客观科普用一般现在时，主语复数填动词原形 reflect，主谓结构缺谓语动词是动词最直观判定特征。 例 2 （2025~2026学年普陀区二模11空） A. access B. address C. competence D. considerable E. exposure F. hazardous G. idealized H. normalize I. safeguard J. prioritize K. vital Social media: A double-edged Sword for Adolescents Social media is offering significant opportunities alongside critical challenges. On the positive side, social platforms provide spaces for self-expression and meaningful connections. Adolescents can ____11____ mental health resources online, engage in supportive communities, and share personal stories. These interactions ____12____ conversations around mental health, reduce unfair labels, and encourage help-seeking behaviors. 【答案】11. A 【11题详解】 考查动词。句意：青少年可以在网上获得心理健康资源，加入互助社群，并分享个人故事。结合“在线资源、获取使用”的语境，此处表示“获取、使用”，应选access，情态动词can后接动词原形，故选A。 判定依据：情态动词 can 后固定搭配动词原形；access 此处为动词，意为 “获取”，后接宾语 resources，情态动词限定空格必为动词原形。 例 3 （2025~2026学年静安区二模20空） A. fine B. licensed C. plasticity D. imposing E. ordering F. circles G. pat H. reinvent I. matters J. demanding K. reward How Knitting May Be Rewiring Your Brain With time and repetition, those same actions become fluent and calming, allowing the brain to shift into a restorative flow state. This challenge-to-mastery process helps maintain neural ___19___. However, you must continually ___20___ the challenges for your brain as you master old ones. The good news? The cognitive challenge doesn’t have to be big. 【答案】20. H 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：然而，当你熟练掌握旧有技能后，就必须持续为大脑更新、创设全新挑战。根据“the challenges for your brain as you master old ones”以及句意“更新”可知应填动词reinvent，且must后跟动词原形。故选H。 判定依据：情态动词 must 后接动词原形，句子主语 you，宾语 challenges，缺少谓语动词，reinvent “重新创造” 为谓语动词，典型动词判定题型。 考向3 形容词的确定 形容词的确定：放在冠词 / 名词前作前置定语；系动词后作表语；修饰名词，限定人 / 事物属性；常与 and/or 并列成对出现。 例 1 （2025~2026学年闵行区二模11空） A. access B. exhibits C. chapter D. share E. randomly F. encounters G. delivered H. transformed I. thorough J. primitively K. novel This London Museum Lets You Order Objects Visitors to museums usually see only a small part of their large collections. But the Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A) in London is trying something new. Last month, the museum introduced a(n) (11)______ space where visitors can enjoy more of its historically and culturally significant pieces that showcase 5,000 years of human creativity. 答案：11. K 解析：空格前有冠词“a(n)”，后接名词“space”，需要形容词修饰。根据上下文“the museum is trying something new”可知，博物馆正在尝试新事物，因此“novel”（新颖的）符合语境，表示“一个新颖的空间”。 判定依据：a (n) 为不定冠词，空格修饰名词 space，冠词 + 形容词 + 名词固定结构；novel 形容词，意为 “新颖的”，前置修饰名词，形容词经典判定形式。 例 2 （2025~2026学年金山区二模17空） A. boosts B. challenging C. efficiently D. gains E. individually F. interacts G. internal H. matters I. memorized J. targets K. various They found that models with multiple working memory slots (内存插槽) performed better on (17) ______ problems, such as reversing sequences (顺序) or recreating patterns. These tasks require holding several pieces of information at once and processing them in the correct order. 【答案】17. B 【17 题详解】考查形容词。句意：他们发现，拥有多个工作记忆插槽的模型在处理有挑战性的问题时表现更好。空处修饰名词 problems，后文举例为复杂任务，形容词challenging（有挑战性的）符合语境。故选 B。 判定依据：空格修饰名词 problems，位于名词前作前置定语；challenging 形容词 “有挑战性的”，修饰后面实验难题，形容词修饰名词判定。 考向4 副词的确定 副词的确定：句子主谓宾结构完整，空格修饰动词、形容词、整句；副词常放在动词前后、形容词前；以 - ly 结尾为高频标志。 例 1 （2025~2026学年嘉定区二模15空） A. adoption B. broad C. economy D. gender-neutral E. organized F. purely G. respect H. rewarded I. similarly J. spare K. uncomfortable However, the situation in English is different. In English, some people still feel ____14____ with “they”. Many speakers insist that “they” should only refer to more than one person instead of singular words like “someone”. Chinese is different. Since the spoken language already uses one sound for both genders, the new symbol is a(n) ____15____ visual change. 【答案】 15. F 【15题详解】 考查副词。句意：由于汉语口语中两种性别本就同音，这个新符号只是纯粹的视觉变化。空处需填副词修饰形容词visual，强调变化仅仅、纯粹停留在书写层面，purely表示“纯粹地”，符合句意。故填F。 例 2 （2025~2026学年长宁区二模12空） A. matched B. original C. preserved D. pressed E. records F. reflect G. reliable H. revealed I. shapes J. subsequently K. unexpectedly In 2010, while investigating the effects of climate change over the past twenty years in Mongolia, the team ____12____ encountered a group of pines (松树) in the Khorgo lava (熔岩) fields. Although their ____13____ aim was to study the impact of climate change on wildfires in Mongolia’s forests, this accidental discovery soon became the focus of their research. 【答案】 12. K 【12题详解】 考查副词。句意：2010年，当研究蒙古过去20年气候变化的影响时，研究小组在霍尔戈熔岩场意外地发现了一群松树。根据encountered a group of pines (松树) in the Khorgo lava (熔岩) fields可知，研究小组是意外地发现了一群松树，unexpectedly“意外地”符合题意，修饰动词encountered，应用副词形式。故填K。 判定依据：句子主谓宾齐全（team encountered pines），空格修饰谓语动词 encountered；unexpectedly 副词 “意外地”，修饰动作发生方式，副词修饰动词核心题型。 例 3 （2025~2026学年虹口区二模13空） A. climatic B. damaging C. exposed D. fresh E. fueling F. inclusively G. lines H. overdependence I. overthrown J. previously K. separated The question of why the Western Roman Empire ended has fascinated historians for generations, ____12____ a debate that is nowhere near reaching an agreement. In 1984, German historian Alexander Demandt drew up a list of more than two hundred factors that have been cited to explain Rome’s fall — a fall ____13____ blamed on internal corruption (腐败). 【答案】 13. J 【13题详解】 考查副词。句意：1984年，德国历史学家亚历山大·德曼特列出了一份清单，列举了200多个被用来解释罗马衰落的因素——人们以前认为罗马的衰落是内部腐败造成的。根据“blamed on internal corruption”可知，此处指人们以前认为罗马的衰落是内部腐败造成的，用J选项“previously”，意为“以前”，作状语。故填J。 考向5 非谓语动词的确定 非谓语动词的确定：动名词作主语、动词宾语和介词宾语、表语、定语。分词作表语、宾补、定语、状语。 有不定式标志to，空格处应填入动词原形；另一种情况to是介词，后面应填入动名词。例： 例 1 （2025~2026学年奉贤区二模11空） A. openness B. translating C. ancient D. reduced E. dramatic F. personally G. fixed H. suggest I. balance J. emotionally K. copying Listening to the Elements In the world of contemporary classical music, few composers have explored cultural dialogue as quietly and persistently as Qigang Chen. Born in Shanghai and trained in France, Chen has spent decades ____11____ Chinese philosophical ideas into a musical language of Western traditions. One of his most widely performed works, Wu Xing (The Five Elements), offers a marvellous example of how ____12____ wisdom can be reinterpreted for modern audience. 【答案】11. B 【11题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：出生于上海并在法国接受训练的陈其钢，几十年来一直致力于将中国的哲学思想转化为西方传统的音乐语言。根据句意及空前的“has spent decades”可知，此处考查固定搭配“spend time (in) doing sth.”，意为“花费时间做某事”，所以空处应用动名词形式，结合空后“Chinese philosophical ideas into a musical language”及选项可知，此处表示将哲学思想“翻译”或“转化”为音乐语言，动词translate意为“转化，翻译”，符合语境，与into搭配构成translate...into...，表示“把……转化为……”。故选B。 判定依据：固定搭配 spend time (in) doing sth.，介词 in 省略，空格需动名词；translating 为动名词，作 spent 的宾语，介词后动名词判定。 例 2 （2025~2026学年浦东新区二模17空） A. balance B. breathing C. expanding D. figure E. labeled F. meeting G. precision H. skilled I. transition J. unexpected K. unfolded Wen Mu, the director of the performance, stated it aimed to offer a glimpse of what a data-driven interpretation of the form could look like. One that can be repeated, fine-tuned and built upon in ways no human body would tolerate. And beyond the mechanics, the integration of robotics and Peking Opera is____17____ new life into the ancient art, drawing in youngsters. 【答案】 17. B 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：除了机械原理之外，机器人技术与京剧的融合正在为这门古老的艺术注入新的活力，吸引着年轻人。空前有is，结合“new life into the ancient art”可知，此处指注入活力，动词breathing（此处为现在分词，与is构成现在进行时）“注入；赋予”符合题意。故选B。 判定依据：is 为 be 动词，后接现在分词构成现在进行时；breathing new life into 固定短语 “为…… 注入活力”，现在分词作谓语构成进行时态，非谓语分词考点。 例 3 （2025~2026学年杨浦区二模13空） A. purchased B. vision C. indicating D. considerably E. covering F. ripen G. confusion H. concept I. rots J. subsequently K. severe New Label Helps Consumers Better Determine Food Quality Determining whether food has spoiled can be a tricky task. The ___11___ over “use by” and “best before” labels often results in safe and consumable food being thrown out. This issue contributes significantly to the global food crisis, as roughly one-third of the food produced for the world is being wasted and millions of people in dozens of countries are facing ___12___ hunger each year. However, a groundbreaking invention called Mimica Touch aims to help tackle this crisis by providing a more accurate method of evaluating the safety of food ___13___. 【答案】 13. A 【13题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，一项名为“米米卡触摸”的开创性发明旨在通过提供一种更准确的评估所购买食物安全性的方法来帮助解决这一危机。该空为名词food的后置定语，purchase的过去分词purchased“购买”符合语境。故选A项。 真题溯源·考向感知 ——溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 题组一 语篇选词填空 Passage 1 （2023年1月·上海高考真题） Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. digesting B.distinction C.examine D.identical E.intervening F.live G. mixture H.perspective I.shock J. space K. texting Communication-a Thing of the Past? We all think we communicate all the time, and that's true. There's also non-verbal communication you could add into the mix--everything we're saying when we're not saying anything. But there’s a (n) (31 ) _______between saying things to people, or liking and sharing a post on social media, and communication. I'm quite well connected-there's Twitter Facebook,Instagram, Snapchat, email, iEverything (!), but sometimes communication starts to feel like a chore. Check this blog post, read that article someone shared, (32) __________back to someone else, and answer their question.. . Sometimes I feel like a cross between Siri and a mad juggler. Nothing seems to go in and I'm always mixing people up--asking someone how their band is going when they can’t play an instrument or how the job search is going when someone’s just written to say how depressed they are that they can't find a job. So it was quite a ( n ) (33 )__________ to spend New Year in the Highlands in Scotland with no phone signal, no internet and no "Communication”at all, apart from with the people I was with. Suddenly all the pressure to communicate disappeared. All of our conversations became slower,more inverted and far more interesting. We were a group of 12,a ( n)(34)__________of couples and friends, only one of whom I was at university with, so I was meeting a bunch of new people for the first time. Our conversations veered towards the banal and the humdrum in that we often discussed our plans for the day and what we were going to cook in the evening, but often they went a lot farther and a lot deeper. Tucked up on the leather sofas, (35 )__________dinner, we dissected Brexit and one person even changed their (36 )__________entirely! We shared ideas and theories , plots of books and plays and city trips we'd been on, described family troubles and gave advice, listened to work scenarios and offered pointers, and we had to talk and sketch and use words more than ever before , because you couldn't say, "It's a great film, you should google it later. " Some of us even had sore throats from talking so much! In such a short ( 37 )__________of time, due to the proximity of sharing interconnected cottages and verbal communication, I felt much closer to the new people I'd met and been speaking with than some other people I communicate with in my normal life. I don't think our common, current methods of communication come close to being in a small house with lots of people and having to communicate (38 )__________. The brevity of Twitter, the showiness of Facebook, all these aspects contribute to a shallow form of communication that doesn't challenge you to ( 39 )__________your feelings and motives enough. "Liking” something is an instant response but what does it really say about your opinion of something? It's a (n) (40)__________response to millions of other people, whereas you and your thoughts are unique. If we're not careful , perhaps we might forget how to communicate on a deeper level. 【答案】 31-40 BKIGA HJFCD 【导读】这篇文章讨论了现代通信方式与面对面交流之间的差异。作者提到了社交媒体的流行以及其对真正沟通的影响。然后作者描述了在没有手机信号和互联网的苏格兰高地度过新年的经历，与其他人面对面交流的重要性。作者认为现有的通信方式不足以在深层次上传达思想和感情，并警告我们不要失去面对面交流的能力。 词框：A.digesting 消化；领会 B.distinction 区别，差异 C.examine 仔细审视，剖析 D.identical 完全相同的 E.intervening 介于中间的 F.live 现场的，面对面的 G.mixture 混合，各色人等 H.perspective 观点，看法 I.shock 震惊，冲击 J.space 时间段；空间 K.texting 发短信 答案：31.B 32.K 33.I 34.G 35.A 36.H 37.J 38.F 39.C 40.D 31. B distinction 考查名词。空格前不定冠词 a (n)，此处需要名词；后文出现 between...and... 结构，指 “线上点赞转发这种行为” 和 “真正的沟通” 二者之间存在差别。B.distinction 名词，意为 “区别，差异”，固定搭配 a distinction between A and B，表示 “A 与 B 之间的区别”，符合语境。故选 B。 32. K texting 考查动名词。空格与 Check、read、answer 并列，均为祈使句并列动作；后文 back to someone else 结合日常社交行为，指线上给别人发消息。K.texting 动名词，意为 “发短信、线上发消息”，text back 为固定搭配 “回复消息”，贴合社交媒体沟通场景。故选 K。 33. I shock 考查名词。不定冠词 a (n) 后接名词；前文作者常年被海量线上消息裹挟，后文说苏格兰高地完全没有网络、手机信号，这种巨大反差带来强烈冲击。I.shock 名词，意为 “震惊，意外冲击”，It was a shock to do sth. 做某事令人大为震惊，符合句意。故选 I。 34. G mixture 考查名词。不定冠词 a (n) 后接名词；后文 of couples and friends 说明同行 12 人里有夫妻、朋友各类人群，是各色人的组合。G.mixture 名词，意为 “混合体，各色人群的组合”，a mixture of... 表示 “…… 的混合群体”，匹配语境。故选 G。 35. A digesting 考查现在分词作伴随状语。主句主干为 we dissected Brexit，空格前主语 we，逻辑主语一致，用现在分词表同步伴随动作；后文 dinner，digest 本义 “消化食物”，digesting dinner 即用餐期间，贴合围坐沙发吃饭聊天的场景。A.digesting 现在分词，符合语法与语义。故选 A。 36. H perspective 考查名词。形容词性物主代词 their 后接名词；前文大家深度讨论脱欧话题，有人在交流后彻底改变了自己的观点。H.perspective 名词，意为 “观点，看法”，change one’s perspective 表示 “转变某人的看法”，符合对话辩论的语境。故选 H。 37. J space 考查名词。形容词 short 修饰名词；固定搭配 a space of time 表示 “一段（较短的）时间”，此处指短短几天共处的时光，拉近了人与人的距离。J.space 名词，可表示 “时间段”，契合搭配与句意。故选 J。 38. F live 考查副词。空格修饰动词 communicate，需副词；前文全程对比线上虚拟社交和无网络的面对面相处，此处指真正面对面实时交流。F.live 副词，意为 “现场地、面对面实地地”，communicate live 即面对面实时沟通，与线上社交形成对比。故选 F。 39. C examine 考查动词。固定结构 challenge sb. to do sth.，to 后接动词原形；句意：浅层网络交流无法促使我们深入剖析自身情绪与内心动机。C.examine 动词原形，意为 “仔细审视、剖析”，examine your feelings and motives 剖析情绪与动机，贴合深层沟通的含义。故选 C。 40. D identical 考查形容词。修饰名词 response，需形容词；后文 whereas 表转折，意为 “但你和你的想法是独一无二的”，由此推知点赞这种行为是千万人都能做出的完全相同的反馈。D.identical 形容词，意为 “完全相同的”，an identical response 千篇一律的回应，形成与 unique（独特）的反向对比。故选 D。 Passage2 （2022年1月上海春季高考） Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. characteristics B. diverse C. employ D. function E issue F. integration G. hit H. military I. potential J. schemes K. wearers Future Fashion: Biometric Bodysuits A team of the Applied Nano Bioscience Center at Arizona State University has built prototypes(原型)of biometric bodysuits.They can detect chemical attacks, deliver drugs to their(31)________, or even perfume scents if your body temperature rises too much. The(32)________ version of the Scentsory Chameleon Bodysuit incorporates fuel cells to provide a lightweight source of power for the soldier's equipment. The civilian one can monitor your heart or blood pressure, deliver interactive games or simply work as a wearable computer. You will even be able to download new colors and patterns from the Web to change your appearance according to this article from East Valley Tribune in Arizona. Both versions should(33) ______the market within a few years. Fredere Zenhausen, director of the Applied Nano Bioscience Center at ASU, has joined with Ghassan Jabbour, a professor at the University of Arizona, to develop two prototypes of "Biometric bodysuits" that contain embedded sensors, power sources, microfluidic devices and other gadgets not normally associated with the latest Paris fashions. Such "smart" clothing could (34) __________future soldiers early waning of chemical attacks or automatically deliver insulin to diabetics, Zenhausemn said "The biometric bodysuit shows how electronics and Fuidies (流体学)can be incorporated into clothing to perform a wide range of (35) ______ tasks, from highly functional to the aesthetic " he said. The civilian Chameleon will have somewhat different(36)____________. Its biometric outfit demonstrates how miniature electronics could be embedded in clothing to promote health is made of clear vinyl(乙烯基) and white plastics to show the placement of various electronic and fuidic devices. In the future such an outfit could diagnose diseases and deliver medications to the wearer, monitor heart rate or blood pressure, deliver interactive games and other forms of entertainment or(37) ___________as a wearable computer. Another possibility would be to download different designs from the Internet so the fabric could change colors ind patterns , Zenhausern suid. And if could all be made to look stylish by the (38)________of electronics and high-fashion designs , he said. In fact, the concept of embedding microelectronics in fabrics has ( 39 ) _____________ far beyond clothing. Sheila Kennedy , an Boston-based architect and visiting professor at the Harvard Universally Graduate School of Design , sees possibilities to (40 )__________the technology in building design. As an example , she said window shades containing organic light emitting diodes (二极管 ) could produce electricity from sunlight that would help generate power. 【答案】31-40 KHGEB ADFIC 【导读】本文主题为未来科技 —— 生物传感紧身衣。亚利桑那州科研团队研发出军用、民用两款生物传感紧身衣原型，衣身内置传感器、微流体设备等电子元件，功能丰富：军用款可侦测化学袭击、为士兵配套设备供电；民用款能监测心率血压、输送药物、提供互动游戏，还可联网更换衣身色彩图案。 文章介绍该衣物将电子、流体技术融入服饰，兼具实用功能与美观设计；还提到电子元件与高端时尚的融合，让智能衣物兼具美观。同时指出织物内嵌微电子技术的应用早已不限于服装，建筑领域也可运用该技术，例如带发光二极管的遮阳帘能利用太阳能发电，展现这项技术广阔的应用前景。生物传感紧身衣的民用款有哪些具体功能？生物传感紧身衣的研发对未来时尚产业有何影响？织物内嵌微电子技术在建筑领域还有哪些应用？ 词框词义： A.characteristics n. 特征，特点 B.diverse adj. 多种多样的 C. employ v. 使用，运用 D. function v. 起作用，发挥功能 E. issue v. 发布；n. 问题 F. integration n. 融合，结合 G. hit v. 抵达；冲击 H. military adj. 军用的，军队的 I. potential adj. 潜在的；n. 潜力 J. schemes n. 方案，计划 K. wearers n. 穿戴者 参考答案：31.K 32.H 33.G 34.E 35.B 36.A 37.D 38.F 39.G 40.C 多余选项：I potential / J schemes 31. K wearers 考查名词。形容词性物主代词 their 后接名词；句子含义：这款紧身衣可检测化学袭击、向穿戴者输送药物，体温过高时释放香气。K wearers 名词复数，意为 “穿戴者”，符合语境。故选 K。 32. H military 考查形容词。修饰名词 version 作定语；后文出现 soldier's equipment（士兵装备），对应军用版本。H military 形容词，意为 “军用的”，military version 军用款，与后文 civilian one 民用款形成对照。故选 H。 33. G hit 考查动词。情态动词 should 后接动词原形；固定搭配 hit the market 表示 “上市、推向市场”。句意：两款产品几年内就会上市。G hit 动词，此处表示 “抵达、进入”，符合商业语境。故选 G。 34. E issue 考查动词。情态动词 could 后接动词原形；固定搭配 issue sb. sth. 向某人发出 / 提供某物。句意：智能衣物能够为士兵提前发出化学袭击预警。E issue 动词，意为 “发放、发出”，issue early warnings 发出预警，匹配文意。故选 E。 35. B diverse 考查形容词。修饰名词 tasks 作定语；后文 from highly functional to the aesthetic（从实用功能到美观装饰）说明任务种类繁多。B diverse 形容词，意为 “多种多样的”，a wide range of diverse tasks 各类不同功能任务。故选 B。 36. A characteristics 考查名词。different 后接可数名词复数；本段转而介绍民用款变色龙服装，说明它拥有不一样的产品特征。A characteristics 名词复数，意为 “特点、特性”，符合上下文对比逻辑。故选 A。 37. D function 考查动词。or 并列多个动词原形（diagnose, deliver, monitor, deliver...），此处需动词原形；固定搭配 function as 充当、用作。句意：还能充当可穿戴电脑。D function 动词，意为 “发挥功能、充当”。故选 D。 38. F integration 考查名词。定冠词 the 后接名词；后文 of electronics and high-fashion designs（电子元件与高端时尚设计），二者相互结合。F integration 名词，意为 “融合、结合”，the integration of A and B A 与 B 的融合。故选 F。 39. G hit 考查动词。has 后接过去分词构成现在完成时；hit far beyond 延伸至、波及远超……。句意：织物内嵌微电子的概念早已不局限于服装领域。hit 此处引申为 “渗透、波及”，过去分词 hit 不变形。故选 G。 40. C employ 考查动词。不定式 to 后接动词原形；句意：建筑师看到在建筑设计中运用这项技术的可能性。C employ 动词，意为 “使用、应用”，employ the technology 运用技术，贴合科技文本用词。故选 C。 多余干扰项说明 I. potential（潜在的；潜力）：全文无空格需要表达 “潜力、潜在” 含义，无匹配搭配； J. schemes（方案，规划）：文中未提及各类计划、方案，全程围绕服装功能、技术融合展开，无语境支撑。 题组二 名校试题 Passage1 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. 【来源】上海华东师范大学第二附属中学2025-2026学年高三上学期月考英语试题 A．dramatically  B．emerging  C． hidden  D．knock-on  E. orbit  F. refuges G. boost  H. shading  I. stem  J. structural  K. uninterrupted A Bug’s Life Insect species are under threat around the world but there are simple science-backed actions we can all take to 1 their decline. Many of the drivers of those declines are 2 , and require strong action by governments to turn around. But there are clear, easy steps that anyone can take to support the insect world. For species under such pressure, we can create 3 for insects in a world increasingly hostile to their survival. Turn out the lights Everyone has seen moths circle a bulb at night. But if that light stays on, researchers estimate one-third of insects trapped in its 4 will die before morning. Light pollution is a huge driver of insect declines: it changes insect behavior and can even make leaves too tough for them to eat. You can help by switching off your outdoor lights or putting them on a sensor, and 5 windows so lights are not shining out into the night. Skip the lawn-or mow it less No mow May is one of the most successful recent environmental campaigns in the UK, intended to provide more habitat to bees and butterflies when they are 6 from a cold, hard winter. But it doesn’t have to be only May. Letting grasses grow 7 , particularly where native wildflowers thrive, can be a big 8 for insects. Protect owls and bats While often 9 from sight, bats and some owl species feed on insects through the spring, summer and early autumn, and play a key role in regulating their populations. Where owls and bats disappear, farmers tend to increase their insecticides. By supporting your local bat and owl populations, you can have positive 10 effects for insects. 【答案】 1．I 2．J 3．F 4．E 5．H 6．B 7．K 8．G 9．C 10．D 【导语】这篇文章讲全球昆虫数量持续减少，除政府出台政策管控根源因素外，普通人可通过夜间关灯、减少修剪草坪、保护蝙蝠猫头鹰等方式，为昆虫打造适宜的生存环境。 【详解】1．考查动词。句意：全球范围内的昆虫物种正面临威胁，但我们每个人都可以采取一些简单且有科学依据的行动来阻止它们的数量减少。根据“there are simple science-backed actions we can all take”以及句意“阻止”可知应填动词stem，此处为不定式作目的状语。 2．考查形容词。句意：这些下降趋势的许多原因属于结构性问题，需要政府采取强有力的措施才能扭转局面。根据“and require strong action by governments to turn around”以及句意“结构性”可知应填形容词structural，作表语。 3．考查名词。句意：对于处于这种压力下的物种，我们可以在一个日益不利于其生存的世界中为昆虫创造庇护所。根据“for insects in a world increasingly hostile to their survival”以及句意“庇护所”可知应填名词refuge，作宾语，数量大于一用复数。 4．考查名词。句意：但如果那道光一直亮着，研究人员估计，其中三分之一被困在轨道上的昆虫会在清晨前死亡。根据“But if that light stays on”以及句意“轨道”可知应填名词orbit，作宾语。 5．考查动词。句意：你可以通过关闭户外照明或安装感应灯，以及遮挡窗户以防止灯光在夜间照射到外面来帮助保护昆虫。根据“windows so lights are not shining out into the night”以及句意“遮挡”可知应填动词shade，作介词的宾语用动名词形式。 6．考查动词。句意：“五月不割草”是英国近年最成功的环保活动之一，旨在为刚熬过严寒冬季、重新现身的蜜蜂与蝴蝶提供更多栖息地。根据“from a cold, hard winter”以及句意“现身”可知应填动词emerge，结合are可知为现在进行时。 7．考查形容词。句意：让草类持续生长，尤其是在原生野花繁盛的地方，对昆虫来说可能是一个极大的促进。根据“”以及句意“持续”可知应填形容词uninterrupted，作表语。 8．考查名词。句意：让草类持续生长，尤其是在原生野花繁盛的地方，对昆虫来说可能是一个极大的促进。根据“where native wildflowers thrive”以及句意“促进”可知应填名词boost，作表语。 9．考查动词。句意：尽管常被忽视，蝙蝠和一些猫头鹰种类在春季、夏季和初秋期间以昆虫为食，并在调节其种群数量方面发挥着关键作用。根据“bats and some owl species feed on insects through the spring, summer and early autumn, and play a key role in regulating their populations”以及句意“忽视”可知应填过去分词hidden，作状语。 10．考查形容词。句意：通过支持本地蝙蝠和猫头鹰种群，你还能对昆虫产生积极的连锁效应。根据“By supporting your local bat and owl populations”以及句意“连锁”可知应填形容词knock-on，修饰effects。 Passage2 【来源】上海市实验学校2024-2025学年度第二学期高三2月月考英语试题 A．withstand      B．phased     C． cousin     D．preserve    E. grant     F. concerning G. combining     H. provide     I. grave      J. crown       K. treasured        Reports that English Heritage, the charity that runs more than 400 state-owned buildings and monuments, plans to reduce its staff and opening hours as part of a cost-cutting drive should worry anyone who cares about the nation’s culture. These castles, ruins and other sites play an important part in people’s lives — particularly on weekends and holidays, when 11 memories are made. The value placed on access to these historic places can be seen from the fact that more than 1.3 million people are members. Stonehenge has 1.5 million visitors annually. It and other jewels in the charity’s 12 will be left alone by the accountants. Winter closures are planned only at less-favored sites where visitors are sparse, bosses have said. But it is 13 that the charity is so short of money that it may cut nearly 200 jobs. English Heritage is a less-glamorous 14 to the UK’s best-known buildings and landscapes charity, the National Trust. Measured by members and income, English Heritage is roughly a fifth of the Trust’s size, and has existed in its current form since 2015. This was when David Cameron’s government decided to take away its government 15 and spin it off as an independent entity. The optimistic gloss put on this was that it would enable the organization “to grow with greater freedom”. Instead, just a couple of years after public funding was fully 16 out, there is a real chance that the charity’s work will be degraded as a result of the need to make savings. A consultation with staff and their unions is ongoing. But MPs, members and anyone with an interest in the heritage sector should be anxious about the prospect of the charity’s workforce being deskilled. Tourists as well as local visitors expect high-quality information and displays at landmarks such as Dover Castle and Hadrian’s Wall. But these kinds of visits, 17 historical education with pleasure have been decades in the making — with roots in the postwar campaign to democratize leisure by opening up beautiful buildings that were previously the 18 of the very wealthy to the ticket-buying public. English Heritage’s chief executive, Nick Merriman, has only been in post for a year. His aim will be to strengthen the organization by recruiting more members and volunteers. The interest in Tudor England kindled by the BBC’s adaptation of Hilary Mantel’s Wolf Hall trilogy could 19 a boost to monasteries(修道院)and abbeys. But with costs rising, it is not an easy task. Castles that have survived for hundreds of years can 20 a downturn in their keepers’ fortunes. But the historic public realm that they represent, like the rest of the culture sector, is in need of knights to defend it. 【答案】 11．K 12．J 13．F 14．C 15．E 16．B 17．G 18．D 19．H 20．A 【导语】文章主要介绍了英国文化遗产保护机构English Heritage因资金短缺而计划裁员和缩短开放时间，引发公众对文化遗产保护的担忧，并回顾了该机构的历史背景及当前面临的挑战。 【详解】11．考查形容词。句意：这些城堡、遗址和其他场所在人们的生活中扮演着重要的角色——尤其是在周末和假期，当珍贵的记忆被创造出来时。空处修饰名词memories，应用形容词，treasured表示“珍贵的，宝贵的”，符合语境，指在假期中创造的珍贵回忆。 12．考查名词。句意：巨石阵和该慈善机构皇冠上的其他珍宝将不会被会计人员动及。空处前有名词所有格charity's，应用名词，crown表示“王冠”，符合语境。 13．考查形容词。句意：但令人担忧的是，该慈善机构资金如此短缺，可能会削减近200个工作岗位。空处位于系动词is之后，应用形容词作表语，concerning表示“令人担忧的”，符合语境，指资金短缺这一情况令人担忧。 14．考查名词。句意：English Heritage是英国最知名的建筑和景观慈善机构National Trust的一个不太引人注目的表亲。空处前有不定冠词a和形容词less-glamorous，应用名词，cousin表示“表亲”，此处比喻同一领域内规模较小、名气稍逊的同类机构，符合语境。 15．考查名词。句意：这是戴维·卡梅伦政府决定取消其政府拨款，并将其分拆为一个独立实体的时候。空处前有名词所有格government's，应用名词，grant表示“拨款，补助金”，指政府提供的资金支持，符合语境。 16．考查动词。句意：然而，就在公共资金完全被分阶段取消的几年之后，该慈善机构的工作确实有可能因需要节省开支而受到影响。空处与out构成短语，应用动词的过去分词形式构成被动语态，phased表示“分阶段进行”，phase out为固定短语，意为“逐步淘汰，分阶段取消”，符合语境。 17．考查动词。句意：但这类参观活动，将历史教育与休闲娱乐相结合，历经数十年的酝酿——其根源可追溯到战后通过向购票公众开放原本仅限富裕阶层使用的美丽建筑，来推动休闲活动民主化的运动。空处所在部分为非谓语作定语，与逻辑主语visits之间是主动关系，应用动词的现在分词形式，combining表示“结合”，combining historical education with pleasure意为“将历史教育与愉悦相结合”，符合语境。 18．考查名词。句意：同上。空处前有定冠词the，应用名词，preserve作名词时意为“专属活动/领域”，符合语境，表示“以前只是富人专属的美丽建筑”。 19．考查动词。句意：BBC改编的希拉里·曼特尔的《狼厅》三部曲所激发的对都铎时期英格兰的兴趣，可能会给修道院带来提振。空处前有情态动词could，应用动词原形，provide表示“提供”，provide a boost to意为“给……带来提振/促进”，符合语境。 20．考查动词。句意：已经存续了数百年的城堡能够经受住管理者的命运低谷。空处前有情态动词can，应用动词原形，根据“Castles that have survived for hundreds of years”可知，withstand表示“经受住，承受”，后接a downturn作宾语，意为“经受住经济低迷”，符合语境。 Passage 3 【来源】上海交通大学附属中学2024-2025学年度第二学期高三英语摸底考试英语试卷 A．adoption B．concerns C． constitutes D．deliberately E. fundamentally F. generate G. landscape H. set I. shift J. substantial K. tensions *Energy Source Energy remains a slow-moving industry. Over the past three decades, significant changes include the US shale (页岩) revolution and the dramatic drop in the costs of wind and solar power. Despite these advancements, US shale 21 only about 8% of the world’s oil supply, and renewable sources, including water power, still 22 less electricity than coal, which has long been the dominant fuel source. Looking ahead, the energy 23 is expected to closely mirror last year’s trends. Coal demand is likely to remain stable, although the future outlook for coal is uncertain. While some regions might continue investing in new coal-fired power plants, this trend could be restrained by the rising 24 about air quality, which may prevent significant new investments. The costs of renewable electricity and energy storage are expected to continue declining, 25 reshaping power markets around the world. Wind and solar power have already overtaken fossil fuels in adding new generation capacity, even in emerging economies. This trend is likely to speed up as technology advances and costs decrease, leading to a more significant 26 away from fossil fuels. Electric car sales, which went beyond what was expected in 2018, are anticipated to keep rising. With new models being introduced and expansion into various markets, including Europe, the growth in electric vehicles sales is 27 to continue. This rise reflects the increasing 28 of electric cars and their growing presence in the global automotive market. Finally, the global economic outlook will play a crucial role in influencing oil prices. Economic uncertainties, such as trade 29 and rising interest rates, are expected to have a 30 impact on the oil market. These factors are likely to affect oil prices more significantly than other influences, such as production decisions by OPEC or new shipping fuel regulations. 【答案】 21．C 22．F 23．G 24．B 25．E 26．I 27．H 28．A 29．K 30．J 【导语】文章主要介绍了能源行业的发展现状与未来趋势，阐述美国页岩油气、可再生能源的供给现状，预测能源行业整体发展走向、可再生能源的市场变革、电动汽车的销售态势，以及全球经济形势对石油市场的影响。 【详解】21．考查动词。句意：尽管取得了这些进展，美国页岩油气仅构成全球石油供应的8%左右，包括水力发电在内的可再生能源的发电量仍然少于长期以来占据主导燃料地位的煤炭。句子缺少谓语动词，主语US shale为单数，结合only about 8% of the world’s oil supply可知，表示构成全球石油供应的8%左右，选用C选项constitutes“构成”，符合一般现在时单数谓语用法。 22．考查动词。句意：尽管取得了这些进展，美国页岩油气仅构成全球石油供应的8%左右，包括水力发电在内的可再生能源的发电量仍然少于长期以来占据主导燃料地位的煤炭。句子缺少谓语动词，主语renewable sources为复数，结合宾语electricity可知，此处表示产生电力，选用F选项generate“生产”，主语sources是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。 23．考查名词。句意：展望未来，能源格局预计将与去年的趋势高度吻合。此处为名词作主语，结合后文Coal demand is likely to remain stable, although the future outlook for coal is uncertain.可知，此处指能源行业整体形势，选用G选项landscape“格局、态势”。 24．考查名词。句意：虽然部分地区可能继续投资新建燃煤电厂，但这一趋势可能会因人们对空气质量日益增长的担忧而受到抑制，这可能会阻碍大规模的新增投资。形容词rising后接名词，结合air quality可知，此处指对空气的担忧，选用B选项concerns“担忧”。 25．考查副词。句意：可再生能源发电和储能成本预计将持续下降，从根本上重塑全球电力市场。此处为副词修饰现在分词reshaping，结合下文Wind and solar power have already overtaken fossil fuels in adding new generation capacity, even in emerging economies.可知，此处表示从根本上塑造电力市场，选用E选项fundamentally“根本地”。 26．考查名词。句意：随着技术进步和成本降低，这一趋势可能会加速发展，促使能源使用进一步从化石燃料转向其他能源。形容词significant后接名词，根据 away from fossil fuels可知，此处指能源的使用从化石燃料转向其他，搭，选用I选项shift“转变、转变趋势”。 27．考查动词。句意：随着新车型的推出以及向欧洲等多个市场的扩张，电动汽车销量的增长势必持续下去。根据With new models being introduced and expansion into various markets, including Europe推测，新车型的扩张势必导致电动车的销量增长，选用H选项set，此处为固定搭配be set to do sth.，表示“注定、势必做某事”。 28．考查名词。句意：这一增长体现了电动汽车普及率的不断提升及其在全球汽车市场中日益提升的地位。形容词increasing后接名词，结合下文their growing presence in the global automotive market可知，此处指电动车的普及，选用A选项adoption“采纳，普及”。 29．考查名词。句意：贸易紧张局势、利率上升等经济不确定性，预计将对石油市场产生重大影响。结合rising interest rates推测，此处指贸易紧张，选用K选项tensions“紧张局势”。 30．考查形容词。句意：贸易紧张局势、利率上升等经济不确定性，预计将对石油市场产生重大影响。此处为形容词修饰名词impact，结合下文 These factors are likely to affect oil prices more significantly than other influences可知，此处指这些因素会对石油市场产生重大影响，选用J选项substantial“重大的”。 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 选词填空之小猫钓鱼方略 内容导航 01 命题透视·考情前瞻 对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 02 思维建模·脉络梳理 搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 03 考点精讲·靶向突破 拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 考点聚焦 考查句子成分分析法判断词性 知识解构 知识点1 名词的判定 知识点2 动词的判定 知识点3 形容词的判定 知识点4副词的判定 知识点5非谓语动词的判定 考向破译 考向1 名词的确定 考向2 动词的确定 考向3 形容词的确定 考向4 副词的确定 考向5 非谓语动词的确定 04 真题溯源·考向感知 溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 命题透视·考情前瞻 ——对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 年份 词汇填空考点分布 2025上海春考 名词考查3；动词考查3；形容词考查2；非谓语考查2； 2024上海春考 名词考查3；动词考查5；形容词考查2； 2023上海春考 名词考查4；动词考查4；形容词考查3； 2022上海秋考 名词考查5；动词考查2；形容词考查2； 2022上海春考 名词考查4；动词考查3；形容词考查3； 2021上海秋考 名词考查2；动词考查5；形容词考查3； 2021上海春考 名词考查2；动词考查6；形容词考查2； 思维建模·脉络梳理 ——搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 词性考察 考点分析 做题技巧 名词 1、主要考察名词作主语和宾语 2、注意名词也可作前置定语 1、先判断方框单词的词性词义，注意一词多性和一词多义。 2、精读第一句，掌握文章主题。 3、根据语法知识确定被填入空格词的词性，缩小范围。 4、根据文章理解确定答案。 5、仔细检查，最终敲定答案。 动词 do/does形式： 1、句子缺少一个谓语动词，可根据“谓语动词数=连词数+1”规则判断 2、注意三单和动词及物不及物 doing形式： 1、可能是动名词和现在分词 2、动名词主要考察作主语、宾语 3、现在分词主要考察作表语、定语、状语、宾补，注意分词短语作后置定语情况 done形式： 1、可能是谓语动词过去式、被动语态及过去分词 2、若空格前有be动词，要根据句意判断是被动还是表状态的过去分词 3、过去分词主要考察作表语、定语、状语、宾补，注意分词短语作后置定语情况，注意单个过去分词作后置定语的情况，如：left，saved，remained，gained等 形容词 单个形容词作前置定语，形容词短语作后置定语 副词 句子结构完整时用副词，位置可放句首，句中，句末 考点精讲·靶向突破 ——拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 考点一 考查句子成分分析法判断词性 知●识●解●构 知识点1 名词词性判断规律 一、空格必填名词的信号标志 1. 冠词后：a/an/the + ____ 2. 限定词后：this/that/these/those/some/any/many/few/several/quantities of + ____ 3. 数词后：基数词、序数词后；hundred/thousand/million + ____ 4. 所有格后：sb.’s / sth.’s + ____ 5. 介词后：介词 in/on/at/for/with/without/of 等后接名词作宾语 6. 主谓搭配：空格在谓语前作主语；或在及物动词后作宾语 7. 固定结构：one of + 复数名词；a variety of + n. 二、选项名词变形考点（备选词多为词根转换） 1. 动词→名词：act→action；decide→decision；differ→difference 2. 形容词→名词：different→difference；confident→confidence 3. 可数 / 不可数区分：空格前有 many/few 填复数；much/little 填不可数名词 4. 复数提示：空格无冠词、表一类事物，常填名词复数 三、易错点 of 前后多为名词所有格结构；介词后只能填名词 / 动名词，不可直接填动词原形。 知识点2 动词词性判断规律 一、空格填谓语动词信号（有时态 / 语态变形） 1. 空格在主语后，无其他谓语动词，作句子主干谓语 2. 由 and/but/or 连接并列谓语，前后均为动词 3. 情态动词后：can/may/must/should/will + ____（动词原形） 4. 助动词后：do/does/did/have/has/had + ____ 二、谓语动词三步变形判断 1. 时态：根据全文叙事、时间状语定现在 / 过去 / 完成 / 将来 2. 语态：主语与动词主动 / 被动，被动需 be+done 3. 主谓一致：单数主语谓语三单；复数主语用原形 / 过去式 三、动词原形专属场景 1.情态动词后；2. 不定式 to 后；3. 祈使句句首 知识点3 形容词词性判断规律 一、空格必填形容词标志 1. 修饰名词：____ + 名词（形容词前置定语） 2. 系动词后作表语 be/get/become/feel/look/sound/smell/taste/seem/stay + ____ 3. 比较级 / 最高级标志 much/far/a little + ____（比较级）；the + ____ + est（最高级） 4. 不定代词后：something/nothing/anything + ____（后置定语） 5. 固定搭配：make/keep/find + 宾语 + 形容词（宾补） 二、形容词词形转换高频考法 1. 名词→形容词：care→careful；hope→hopeful；nature→natural 2. 动词→形容词：tire→tired/tiring；surprise→surprised/surprising 3. 否定前缀：un-/in-/im-/ir-（unhappy, impossible） 三、关键区分：-ed 形容词与人搭配，-ing 形容词与物搭配 the excited boy；an exciting story 知识点4 副词词性判断规律 一、空格填副词四大场景 1. 修饰动词：动词前 / 后 + ____ He speaks ____. / He ____ speaks. 2. 修饰形容词 / 其他副词：____ + adj./adv extremely difficult；quite quickly 3. 修饰整个句子，放句首，常有逗号隔开 ____, we finished the task on time.（Fortunately） 4. 比较级修饰：even/rather + 副词比较级 二、副词核心变形规则 1. 形容词 + ly → 副词：quick→quickly；slow→slowly 2. 特殊变化：true→truly；simple→simply；good→well 3. 同形副词：fast, hard, late（无 ly 形式） 三、易混区分 形容词修饰名词；副词修饰动词、形容词、整句话。 知识点5 非谓语动词判断规律 一、判定核心前提 句子已有完整谓语动词，无并列连词 and/but，空格不能填谓语，只能填非谓语三种形式。 二、三类非谓语适用场景拆解 1. to do 不定式 1. 固定动词搭配：want/hope/decide/refuse/plan/choose to do 2. 表目的：to do 放句首 / 主句后，“为了……” 3. 后置定语：名词后 to do 表将来动作 4. 固定句型：It is + adj. + to do sth. 2. doing 动名词 / 现在分词 1. 介词后必用 doing：in/by/without/after + doing 2. 固定搭配：enjoy/practice/suggest/mind/avoid doing 3. 作定语 / 状语：表主动、进行含义 the girl standing there（主动） 4. 主语 / 宾语：Seeing is believing. 3. done 过去分词 1. 作定语、状语，表被动、完成 the broken glass 破碎的杯子 2. 固定结构：find/have sth. done 让某物被…… 三、快速判断逻辑 1. 表目的、将来、要去做 → to do 2. 表主动、进行、介词后、习惯动作 → doing 3. 表被动、已经完成 → done 通用完整解题步骤（适配上海选词填空） 1. 标注备选词词性（n./v./adj./adv./ 非谓语），分五大词库； 2. 通读句子，根据上文 5 类词性标志，确定空格所需词性，筛掉无关词； 3. 结合固定搭配、感情色彩（褒义 / 贬义）、上下文逻辑锁定单词； 4. 词形变形：名词单复数、动词时态语态、形容词副词比较级、非谓语形式； 5. 代入通读校验，排除语义不通选项。 速记口诀 名前冠限定介词，主谓宾位好识别； 主语后无并列词，情态助动填谓语； 形修名词系后表，不定代词后置靠； 副修动形整句话，大多加 ly 别记差； 已有谓语无并列，三种非谓仔细划：to 表目的 do 主动，done 被动别混淆。 考●向●破●译 考向1 名词的确定 名词的确定：名词充当主语 / 动词宾语 / 介词宾语；名词可前置修饰名词作定语；冠词 a/an/the、数量词、形容词后必接名词。 例 1 （2025~2026学年闵行区二模18空） A. access B. exhibits C. chapter D. share E. randomly F. encounters G. delivered H. transformed I. thorough J. primitively K. novel This London Museum Lets You Order Objects By giving the public nearly unrestricted (17)______ to the objects, the manager of the museum hoped that the space would allow visitors to form a closer bond with the collection. More broadly, the storehouse marks a new (18)______ in the way museums engage with their their collections. An estimated 97 percent of museum artifacts (手工艺品) remain in storage at anygiven time, ........ 例 2 （2025~2026学年普陀区二模19空） A. access B. address C. competence D. considerable E. exposure F. hazardous G. idealized H. normalize I. safeguard J. prioritize K. vital Educational institutions play a(n) ____18____ role in helping adolescents use social media responsibly. Schools can empower students to critically evaluate online content and manage screen time by integrating digital ____19____ and mental health education into school curricula. Schools can also set up peer support groups and offer counselling services to deal with related challenges early. 例 3 （2025~2026学年杨浦区二模 11 空） Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. purchased B. vision C. indicating D. considerably E. covering F. ripen G. confusion H. concept I. rots J. subsequently K. severe New Label Helps Consumers Better Determine Food Quality Determining whether food has spoiled can be a tricky task. The ___11___ over “use by” and “best before” labels often results in safe and consumable food being thrown out. This issue contributes significantly to the global food crisis, as roughly one-third of the food produced for the world is being wasted and millions of people in dozens of countries are facing ___12___ hunger each year. However, a groundbreaking invention called Mimica Touch aims to help tackle this crisis by providing a more accurate method of evaluating the safety of food ___13___. 考向2 动词的确定 动词的确定：动词最容易确定，因为一个句子没有动词就等于没有谓语，是很明显的缺陷。而且动词的关联性、可比性最差，选这个和选那个有天壤之别。简单句必须有谓语动词；情态动词 can/may/must 后、不定式 to 后接动词原形；时态语态变形（过去式 / 三单）；主谓搭配、动宾搭配是解题核心。 例 1 （2025~2026学年松江区二模第11空） Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. Accomplish B. barely C. contrast D. decent E. demands F. harmony G. multiple H. otherwise I. rewards J. sources K. timely Why Are Photos Taken During Blue Hour? As a professional photographer, I've taken many of my favorite pictures at blue hour--the time of day before sunrise or after sunset when the atmosphere has a deep, dark blue color. Blue hour is not really an hour--its exact length depends on your location, time of year, and weather conditions. The important thing is that the sun is a(n) 11 ______ way beneath the horizon so the sky has neither too many nor too few sunrise or sunset colors--mainly just blue. 例 2 （2025~2026学年普陀区二模11空） A. access B. address C. competence D. considerable E. exposure F. hazardous G. idealized H. normalize I. safeguard J. prioritize K. vital Social media: A double-edged Sword for Adolescents Social media is offering significant opportunities alongside critical challenges. On the positive side, social platforms provide spaces for self-expression and meaningful connections. Adolescents can ____11____ mental health resources online, engage in supportive communities, and share personal stories. These interactions ____12____ conversations around mental health, reduce unfair labels, and encourage help-seeking behaviors. 例 3 （2025~2026学年静安区二模20空） A. fine B. licensed C. plasticity D. imposing E. ordering F. circles G. pat H. reinvent I. matters J. demanding K. reward How Knitting May Be Rewiring Your Brain With time and repetition, those same actions become fluent and calming, allowing the brain to shift into a restorative flow state. This challenge-to-mastery process helps maintain neural ___19___. However, you must continually ___20___ the challenges for your brain as you master old ones. The good news? The cognitive challenge doesn’t have to be big. 考向3 形容词的确定 形容词的确定：放在冠词 / 名词前作前置定语；系动词后作表语；修饰名词，限定人 / 事物属性；常与 and/or 并列成对出现。 例 1 （2025~2026学年闵行区二模11空） A. access B. exhibits C. chapter D. share E. randomly F. encounters G. delivered H. transformed I. thorough J. primitively K. novel This London Museum Lets You Order Objects Visitors to museums usually see only a small part of their large collections. But the Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A) in London is trying something new. Last month, the museum introduced a(n) (11)______ space where visitors can enjoy more of its historically and culturally significant pieces that showcase 5,000 years of human creativity. 例 2 （2025~2026学年金山区二模17空） A. boosts B. challenging C. efficiently D. gains E. individually F. interacts G. internal H. matters I. memorized J. targets K. various They found that models with multiple working memory slots (内存插槽) performed better on (17) ______ problems, such as reversing sequences (顺序) or recreating patterns. These tasks require holding several pieces of information at once and processing them in the correct order. 考向4 副词的确定 副词的确定：句子主谓宾结构完整，空格修饰动词、形容词、整句；副词常放在动词前后、形容词前；以 - ly 结尾为高频标志。 例 1 （2025~2026学年嘉定区二模15空） A. adoption B. broad C. economy D. gender-neutral E. organized F. purely G. respect H. rewarded I. similarly J. spare K. uncomfortable However, the situation in English is different. In English, some people still feel ____14____ with “they”. Many speakers insist that “they” should only refer to more than one person instead of singular words like “someone”. Chinese is different. Since the spoken language already uses one sound for both genders, the new symbol is a(n) ____15____ visual change. 例 2 （2025~2026学年长宁区二模12空） A. matched B. original C. preserved D. pressed E. records F. reflect G. reliable H. revealed I. shapes J. subsequently K. unexpectedly In 2010, while investigating the effects of climate change over the past twenty years in Mongolia, the team ____12____ encountered a group of pines (松树) in the Khorgo lava (熔岩) fields. Although their ____13____ aim was to study the impact of climate change on wildfires in Mongolia’s forests, this accidental discovery soon became the focus of their research. 例 3 （2025~2026学年虹口区二模13空） A. climatic B. damaging C. exposed D. fresh E. fueling F. inclusively G. lines H. overdependence I. overthrown J. previously K. separated The question of why the Western Roman Empire ended has fascinated historians for generations, ____12____ a debate that is nowhere near reaching an agreement. In 1984, German historian Alexander Demandt drew up a list of more than two hundred factors that have been cited to explain Rome’s fall — a fall ____13____ blamed on internal corruption (腐败). 考向5 非谓语动词的确定 非谓语动词的确定：动名词作主语、动词宾语和介词宾语、表语、定语。分词作表语、宾补、定语、状语。 有不定式标志to，空格处应填入动词原形；另一种情况to是介词，后面应填入动名词。例： 例 1 （2025~2026学年奉贤区二模11空） A. openness B. translating C. ancient D. reduced E. dramatic F. personally G. fixed H. suggest I. balance J. emotionally K. copying Listening to the Elements In the world of contemporary classical music, few composers have explored cultural dialogue as quietly and persistently as Qigang Chen. Born in Shanghai and trained in France, Chen has spent decades ____11____ Chinese philosophical ideas into a musical language of Western traditions. One of his most widely performed works, Wu Xing (The Five Elements), offers a marvellous example of how ____12____ wisdom can be reinterpreted for modern audience. 例 2 （2025~2026学年浦东新区二模17空） A. balance B. breathing C. expanding D. figure E. labeled F. meeting G. precision H. skilled I. transition J. unexpected K. unfolded Wen Mu, the director of the performance, stated it aimed to offer a glimpse of what a data-driven interpretation of the form could look like. One that can be repeated, fine-tuned and built upon in ways no human body would tolerate. And beyond the mechanics, the integration of robotics and Peking Opera is____17____ new life into the ancient art, drawing in youngsters. 例 3 （2025~2026学年杨浦区二模13空） A. purchased B. vision C. indicating D. considerably E. covering F. ripen G. confusion H. concept I. rots J. subsequently K. severe New Label Helps Consumers Better Determine Food Quality Determining whether food has spoiled can be a tricky task. The ___11___ over “use by” and “best before” labels often results in safe and consumable food being thrown out. This issue contributes significantly to the global food crisis, as roughly one-third of the food produced for the world is being wasted and millions of people in dozens of countries are facing ___12___ hunger each year. However, a groundbreaking invention called Mimica Touch aims to help tackle this crisis by providing a more accurate method of evaluating the safety of food ___13___. 真题溯源·考向感知 ——溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 题组一 语篇选词填空 Passage 1 （2023年1月·上海高考真题） Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. digesting B.distinction C.examine D.identical E.intervening F.live G. mixture H.perspective I.shock J. space K. texting Communication-a Thing of the Past? We all think we communicate all the time, and that's true. There's also non-verbal communication you could add into the mix--everything we're saying when we're not saying anything. But there’s a (n) (31 ) _______between saying things to people, or liking and sharing a post on social media, and communication. I'm quite well connected-there's Twitter Facebook,Instagram, Snapchat, email, iEverything (!), but sometimes communication starts to feel like a chore. Check this blog post, read that article someone shared, (32) __________back to someone else, and answer their question.. . Sometimes I feel like a cross between Siri and a mad juggler. Nothing seems to go in and I'm always mixing people up--asking someone how their band is going when they can’t play an instrument or how the job search is going when someone’s just written to say how depressed they are that they can't find a job. So it was quite a ( n ) (33 )__________ to spend New Year in the Highlands in Scotland with no phone signal, no internet and no "Communication”at all, apart from with the people I was with. Suddenly all the pressure to communicate disappeared. All of our conversations became slower,more inverted and far more interesting. We were a group of 12,a ( n)(34)__________of couples and friends, only one of whom I was at university with, so I was meeting a bunch of new people for the first time. Our conversations veered towards the banal and the humdrum in that we often discussed our plans for the day and what we were going to cook in the evening, but often they went a lot farther and a lot deeper. Tucked up on the leather sofas, (35 )__________dinner, we dissected Brexit and one person even changed their (36 )__________entirely! We shared ideas and theories , plots of books and plays and city trips we'd been on, described family troubles and gave advice, listened to work scenarios and offered pointers, and we had to talk and sketch and use words more than ever before , because you couldn't say, "It's a great film, you should google it later. " Some of us even had sore throats from talking so much! In such a short ( 37 )__________of time, due to the proximity of sharing interconnected cottages and verbal communication, I felt much closer to the new people I'd met and been speaking with than some other people I communicate with in my normal life. I don't think our common, current methods of communication come close to being in a small house with lots of people and having to communicate (38 )__________. The brevity of Twitter, the showiness of Facebook, all these aspects contribute to a shallow form of communication that doesn't challenge you to ( 39 )__________your feelings and motives enough. "Liking” something is an instant response but what does it really say about your opinion of something? It's a (n) (40)__________response to millions of other people, whereas you and your thoughts are unique. If we're not careful , perhaps we might forget how to communicate on a deeper level. Passage2 （2022年1月上海春季高考） Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. characteristics B. diverse C. employ D. function E issue F. integration G. hit H. military I. potential J. schemes K. wearers Future Fashion: Biometric Bodysuits A team of the Applied Nano Bioscience Center at Arizona State University has built prototypes(原型)of biometric bodysuits.They can detect chemical attacks, deliver drugs to their(31)________, or even perfume scents if your body temperature rises too much. The(32)________ version of the Scentsory Chameleon Bodysuit incorporates fuel cells to provide a lightweight source of power for the soldier's equipment. The civilian one can monitor your heart or blood pressure, deliver interactive games or simply work as a wearable computer. You will even be able to download new colors and patterns from the Web to change your appearance according to this article from East Valley Tribune in Arizona. Both versions should(33) ______the market within a few years. Fredere Zenhausen, director of the Applied Nano Bioscience Center at ASU, has joined with Ghassan Jabbour, a professor at the University of Arizona, to develop two prototypes of "Biometric bodysuits" that contain embedded sensors, power sources, microfluidic devices and other gadgets not normally associated with the latest Paris fashions. Such "smart" clothing could (34) __________future soldiers early waning of chemical attacks or automatically deliver insulin to diabetics, Zenhausemn said "The biometric bodysuit shows how electronics and Fuidies (流体学)can be incorporated into clothing to perform a wide range of (35) ______ tasks, from highly functional to the aesthetic " he said. The civilian Chameleon will have somewhat different(36)____________. Its biometric outfit demonstrates how miniature electronics could be embedded in clothing to promote health is made of clear vinyl(乙烯基) and white plastics to show the placement of various electronic and fuidic devices. In the future such an outfit could diagnose diseases and deliver medications to the wearer, monitor heart rate or blood pressure, deliver interactive games and other forms of entertainment or(37) ___________as a wearable computer. Another possibility would be to download different designs from the Internet so the fabric could change colors ind patterns , Zenhausern suid. And if could all be made to look stylish by the (38)________of electronics and high-fashion designs , he said. In fact, the concept of embedding microelectronics in fabrics has ( 39 ) _____________ far beyond clothing. Sheila Kennedy , an Boston-based architect and visiting professor at the Harvard Universally Graduate School of Design , sees possibilities to (40 )__________the technology in building design. As an example , she said window shades containing organic light emitting diodes (二极管 ) could produce electricity from sunlight that would help generate power. 题组二 名校试题 Passage1 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. 【来源】上海华东师范大学第二附属中学2025-2026学年高三上学期月考英语试题 A．dramatically  B．emerging  C． hidden  D．knock-on  E. orbit  F. refuges G. boost  H. shading  I. stem  J. structural  K. uninterrupted A Bug’s Life Insect species are under threat around the world but there are simple science-backed actions we can all take to 1 their decline. Many of the drivers of those declines are 2 , and require strong action by governments to turn around. But there are clear, easy steps that anyone can take to support the insect world. For species under such pressure, we can create 3 for insects in a world increasingly hostile to their survival. Turn out the lights Everyone has seen moths circle a bulb at night. But if that light stays on, researchers estimate one-third of insects trapped in its 4 will die before morning. Light pollution is a huge driver of insect declines: it changes insect behavior and can even make leaves too tough for them to eat. You can help by switching off your outdoor lights or putting them on a sensor, and 5 windows so lights are not shining out into the night. Skip the lawn-or mow it less No mow May is one of the most successful recent environmental campaigns in the UK, intended to provide more habitat to bees and butterflies when they are 6 from a cold, hard winter. But it doesn’t have to be only May. Letting grasses grow 7 , particularly where native wildflowers thrive, can be a big 8 for insects. Protect owls and bats While often 9 from sight, bats and some owl species feed on insects through the spring, summer and early autumn, and play a key role in regulating their populations. Where owls and bats disappear, farmers tend to increase their insecticides. By supporting your local bat and owl populations, you can have positive 10 effects for insects. Passage2 【来源】上海市实验学校2024-2025学年度第二学期高三2月月考英语试题 A．withstand      B．phased     C． cousin     D．preserve    E. grant     F. concerning G. combining     H. provide     I. grave      J. crown       K. treasured        Reports that English Heritage, the charity that runs more than 400 state-owned buildings and monuments, plans to reduce its staff and opening hours as part of a cost-cutting drive should worry anyone who cares about the nation’s culture. These castles, ruins and other sites play an important part in people’s lives — particularly on weekends and holidays, when 11 memories are made. The value placed on access to these historic places can be seen from the fact that more than 1.3 million people are members. Stonehenge has 1.5 million visitors annually. It and other jewels in the charity’s 12 will be left alone by the accountants. Winter closures are planned only at less-favored sites where visitors are sparse, bosses have said. But it is 13 that the charity is so short of money that it may cut nearly 200 jobs. English Heritage is a less-glamorous 14 to the UK’s best-known buildings and landscapes charity, the National Trust. Measured by members and income, English Heritage is roughly a fifth of the Trust’s size, and has existed in its current form since 2015. This was when David Cameron’s government decided to take away its government 15 and spin it off as an independent entity. The optimistic gloss put on this was that it would enable the organization “to grow with greater freedom”. Instead, just a couple of years after public funding was fully 16 out, there is a real chance that the charity’s work will be degraded as a result of the need to make savings. A consultation with staff and their unions is ongoing. But MPs, members and anyone with an interest in the heritage sector should be anxious about the prospect of the charity’s workforce being deskilled. Tourists as well as local visitors expect high-quality information and displays at landmarks such as Dover Castle and Hadrian’s Wall. But these kinds of visits, 17 historical education with pleasure have been decades in the making — with roots in the postwar campaign to democratize leisure by opening up beautiful buildings that were previously the 18 of the very wealthy to the ticket-buying public. English Heritage’s chief executive, Nick Merriman, has only been in post for a year. His aim will be to strengthen the organization by recruiting more members and volunteers. The interest in Tudor England kindled by the BBC’s adaptation of Hilary Mantel’s Wolf Hall trilogy could 19 a boost to monasteries(修道院)and abbeys. But with costs rising, it is not an easy task. Castles that have survived for hundreds of years can 20 a downturn in their keepers’ fortunes. But the historic public realm that they represent, like the rest of the culture sector, is in need of knights to defend it. Passage 3 【来源】上海交通大学附属中学2024-2025学年度第二学期高三英语摸底考试英语试卷 A．adoption B．concerns C． constitutes D．deliberately E. fundamentally F. generate G. landscape H. set I. shift J. substantial K. tensions *Energy Source Energy remains a slow-moving industry. Over the past three decades, significant changes include the US shale (页岩) revolution and the dramatic drop in the costs of wind and solar power. Despite these advancements, US shale 21 only about 8% of the world’s oil supply, and renewable sources, including water power, still 22 less electricity than coal, which has long been the dominant fuel source. Looking ahead, the energy 23 is expected to closely mirror last year’s trends. Coal demand is likely to remain stable, although the future outlook for coal is uncertain. While some regions might continue investing in new coal-fired power plants, this trend could be restrained by the rising 24 about air quality, which may prevent significant new investments. The costs of renewable electricity and energy storage are expected to continue declining, 25 reshaping power markets around the world. Wind and solar power have already overtaken fossil fuels in adding new generation capacity, even in emerging economies. This trend is likely to speed up as technology advances and costs decrease, leading to a more significant 26 away from fossil fuels. Electric car sales, which went beyond what was expected in 2018, are anticipated to keep rising. With new models being introduced and expansion into various markets, including Europe, the growth in electric vehicles sales is 27 to continue. This rise reflects the increasing 28 of electric cars and their growing presence in the global automotive market. Finally, the global economic outlook will play a crucial role in influencing oil prices. Economic uncertainties, such as trade 29 and rising interest rates, are expected to have a 30 impact on the oil market. These factors are likely to affect oil prices more significantly than other influences, such as production decisions by OPEC or new shipping fuel regulations. 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $