专题03 代词（复习讲义）（上海专用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语讲义聚焦高考代词核心考点，涵盖人称、物主、反身代词，指示代词与替代词，不定代词及it的核心用法，按“知识解构-考向破译”逻辑构建体系。通过命题透视、思维建模、考点精讲、真题训练四环节，帮助学生系统掌握代词在语境中的灵活运用，突破语法填空与翻译难点。 资料创新采用“考点-考向-真题”三维联动策略，如it用法拆解为形式主宾语、强调句型等模块，结合反身代词固定短语归纳与语境填空训练，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。设置分层练习与即时反馈，确保高效突破考点，为教师把控复习节奏、提升学生应考能力提供有力支撑。

专题03 代词 内容导航 01 命题透视·考情前瞻 对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 02 思维建模·脉络梳理 搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 03 考点精讲·靶向突破 拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 考点一 人称、物主、反身代词 知识解构 知识点 1 主格 & 宾格用法 知识点 2 形物代 & 名物代区分 知识点 3 反身代词功能与固定短语 考向破译 考向 1 句子成分判断代词形式 考向 2 反身代词语境填空 考点二 指示代词与替代词 知识解构 知识点 1 this/that 承上启下用法 知识点 2 it/one/that/those 替代辨析 知识点 3 比较结构代词使用 考向破译 考向 1 同类异物代词选择 考向 2 指示代词语境运用 考点三 不定代词 知识解构 知识点 1 both/all/either/neither 分组辨析 知识点 2 few/little 等数量代词 知识点 3 other/another 系列用法 考向破译 考向 1 数量逻辑代词填空 考向 2 复合不定代词运用 考点四 it 核心用法（重难点） 知识解构 知识点 1 it 作形式主语 知识点 2 it 作形式宾语 知识点 3 强调句型 + 固定句式 考向破译 考向 1 it 句型语法填空 考向 2 it 句型句子翻译 04 真题溯源·考向感知 溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 命题透视·考情前瞻 ——对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 考点要求 考查形式 近年考题 （1）重点考查代词的基本形式。人称代词的主格和宾格形式、形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的区别、反身代词的形式及用法 （2） It 是考查的重点之一，特别是用作形式主语、形式宾语 （3）不定代词、指示代词也是常考点 语 法 填 空 题 句 子 翻 译 题 【2023年高考题】And so, king Mosi continued to rule his kingdom with wisdom and fairness, earning (28)__________a place in the annals (编年史) of history 【答案】himself 【解析】考查反身代词。分析句子结构可知,该空处需要填入代词或名词作earning的宾语，又结合句意推知，此处想要表述的是“因此，摩西国王继续以智慧和公平统治他的王国，使他自己(himself)在历史史册上赢得了一席之地”，故该空处填入 himself。 【2022年高考题】Successful entrepreneurs frequently have relevant insights, expertise, and advice they may offer aspiring entrepreneurs to aid ________ on their respective paths. 【答案】them 【解析】考查代词作宾语。根据句子结构，这里说的是成功的企业家为有抱负的企业家提供建议，因此此处要帮助的人(宾语)指的就是有抱负的企业家们，即 aspiring entrepreneurs，所以应填入人称代词宾格，且表复数，故填入them。句意:成功的企业家通常有相关的见解、专业知识和建议，他们可以为有抱负的企业家提供帮助，帮助他们走上各自的道路。 考情分析： 代词是高考重要考点，代词考点主要出现在语法填空中。预计未来高考命题将继续注重考查代词在具体、特定语境下的灵活运用。考点仍将以人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、不定代词等为主，可能会更加注重语境的复杂性和综合性，要求考生能够准确理解句子含义，从而选择合适的代词形式。 复习目标： 1. 熟练掌握各类代词的基本形式和用法，包括人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词等的不同形式及其在句中所作的成分。 2. 在语法填空题型中，根据句子结构和语境准确判断应填写的代词形式。 3. 在句子翻译中灵活运用代词。 思维建模·脉络梳理 ——搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 考点精讲·靶向突破 ——拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 知●识●解●构 知识点1 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 一、 人称代词 1. 人称代词的分类和数： 人称 类别 单数 - 主格 单数 - 宾格 复数 - 主格 复数 - 宾格 第一人称 自身 I me we us 第二人称 对话对象 you you you you 第三人称 男性 he him they them 第三人称 女性 she her they them 第三人称 事物 / 动物 it it they them 2. 人称代词作主语时要用主格，作宾语时用宾格，作表语时常用宾格。 ☞She’s my classmate. ☞I bought a present for him.  ☞I met her in the hospital.→It was her who I met in the hospital. ☞It was I that first arrived at the airport. 二、 物主代词 1.物主代词的分类和数： 人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 人称代词 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 形容词性物主代词 my our your your his/her/its their 名词性物主代词 mine ours yours yours his/hers/its theirs 2. 物主代词的用法： （1）形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，在句中只能作名词或动名词的前置定语，不能单独使用。 （2）名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，可单独作主语、表语和宾语，也可与of连用作 后置定语，但不能单独作定语 ☞This isn’t my shirt; mine is over there. 三、 反身代词 1. 反身代词的形式   第一人称    第二人称      第三人称 单数 myself    yourself himself / herself /itself 复数    ourselves   yourselves       themselves 2. 反身代词常在enjoy, teach, hurt, buy, introduce等动词后和by, for, to ,of 等介词后作宾语 ☞All of them enjoyed themselves. 所有的人都玩得很好。 ☞Help yourself to some fish. 请自己动手吃点鱼吧。 3. 反身代词有时用于 be, feel, seem, look 等后作表语，表示身体或精神处于正常状态。 ☞You don’t seem yourself today. 你今天好像不太好。 4. 强调用法： 反身代词在强调用法中表示强调，即用来加强某个名词或者代词的语气，可译成“亲自”、“本人”。此时，它在句中作同位语。即使去掉，也不影响句子的完整性。如：    ☞You must do it yourself. 你必须自己做。   ☞I myself did the homework last night。 昨晚是我自己做了家庭作业。 5. 含有反身代词的短语 for oneself 给(为)自己，独自                        to oneself 对自己 say to oneself 心里想                                    talk / speak to oneself  自言自语 come to oneself 苏醒过来                              absent oneself  缺席 beside oneself   失常，若狂                           by oneself 独自地，单独地 of oneself 独自，自发地 知识点2 指示代词和替代词 1. this, that, these, those的区别 （1）this(these)一般指时间或空间上较近的人或物；that(those)常指时间或空间上较远的人或物。 ☞This is my desk and that is yours. ☞In those days they could not go to school. （2）this常指后面要讲到的事物，有启下的作用；that则指前面讲到过的事物，有承上的作用。 ☞I want to tell you this：the English party will be held on Saturday afternoon. ☞He hurt his leg yesterday. That’s why he didn’t come. （3）为了避免重复，常用that或those代替前面已提过的名词。 ☞The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Nanjing. ☞The ears of a rabbit are longer than those of a fox. （4）this在电话用语中用于作自我介绍，that用于询问对方；this和that可以当副词用，相当于副词 so。 ☞Can hard work change a person that much? 2. one, the one, that, it的区别 易混词 含义 this 指代上文说过的事物或下文要提到的事物。代替可数名词复数用these。 that 用来指代上文提到的某一个名词，可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词，表示特指。代替可数名词复数用those(相当于the ones)，后面必须有定语。 one (复数形式是ones)只能用来指代上文提到的某一个可数名词单数，表示同名异物。其前可以有定语，其后也可以有定语。 it 指上文提到的同一个事物，也可指代前面(或后面)整句话的意思。通常还可用作形式主语或形式宾语。 ☞This is the book I borrowed from Lucy. 这就是我从露西那儿借的书。 ☞The population of Shandong is larger than that of Qinghai. 山东的人口比青海的人口多。 ☞I don’t like the blue shirt. I like the yellow one. 我不喜欢这件蓝色的衬衫。我喜欢那件黄色的。 ☞I can’t find my hat. I don’ t know where I put it. 我找不到我的帽子。我不知道我把它放在哪儿了。 知识点3 不定代词 1. both, either, neither, , all, none, no one, nobody ☞Both of my parents are doctors. 我的父母都是医生。 ☞All of the students are interested in it. 所有的学生对此都很感兴趣。 ☞He has two sons, neither of whom is rich. 他有两个儿子，都不富有。 ☞He has three sons, none of whom is rich. 他有三个儿子，都不富有。 2. few, a few 与 little, a little的用法 ☞It is very difficult, and few people understand it. 它很难，没几个人能懂。 ☞It is very difficult, but a few people understand it. 他虽难，但是有些人懂。 ☞Unfortunately, I had little money on me. 很不巧，我身上没带什么钱。 ☞Fortunately, I had a little money on me. 幸好我身上带着一点钱。 3. other, the other, another与others的用法 (1) 指单数时的区别：若泛指用another，若特指用 the other。如： ☞Give me another (one). 另外给我一个。 ☞Shut the other eye, please. 请把另一只眼睛也闭上。 (2) 指复数时的区别：若泛指用 other(后接复数名词)，若特指用the other(后接复数名词)。如： ☞There are other ways of doing it. 做这事还有其他的办法。 ☞Where have the other students gone? 其他学生都到哪里去了？ (3) others的用法：它永远表示复数意义(且其后不能再接名词)。其用法大致相当于“other+复数名词”，同样 地 the others 大致相当于“the other＋复数名词”。如： ☞Other people [Others] may not think that way. 别的人可能不这样想。 ☞He is cleverer than the others [the other students] in her class. 他比班上其他学生聪明。 (4) another的用法：一般只能表单数，且其后接名词也只能接单数名词。但是若其后有数词或 few 修饰时， 则也可接复数名词。如： ☞We need another few chairs. 我们还需要几把椅子。 ☞In another two weeks it’ll be finished. 再过两个星期就可做完了。 4. 复合不定代词的用法 ☞There is nothing wrong with the radio. 这收音机没有毛病。 ☞Have you seen anyone [anybody] famous? 你见过名人吗? ☞If anybody comes, ask him [them] to wait. 要是有人来，让他等着。 ☞Everything is ready, isn’t it? 一切都准备好了，是吗? 是否接of短语：anyone, everyone 等只能指人，不能指物，且其后一般不接of 短语。若是指物或后 接 of 短语，可用 any one, every one (分开写)。如： any one of the boys (books) 孩子们(书)当中的任何一个(本) every one of the students (schools) 每一个学生(一所学校) 知识点4 it的用法 一、用作形式主语，替代动词不定式，动名词或从句 1. It is clear (obvious，true，possible，certain...) that...该句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语 从句，常译为＂清楚（显然，真的，可能，肯定……）＂。 ☞ It is very clear that he doesn’t like it.＝That he doesn’t like it is very clear. 很明显他不喜欢它。 2. It is said (reported/learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped...) that...该句型中的it仍是形式主语，真正主语 是that引导的主语从句；该结构常译为＂据说（据报道，据悉……）＂。 ☞ It is reported that another satellite has been put into orbit. 据报道又一颗卫星被送入轨道。 3. It is time (about time，high time) that...该句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是从句的谓语 动词常用过去时态表示虚拟，有时也用should＋动词原形，should不能省略，常译为＂是（正是）……的 时候了＂。 ☞ It is time that children should go to bed.＝It is time that children went to bed. 孩子们该睡了。 4. It is the first (second...) time that...该句型中的that从句不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态， 由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后 面从句则用过去完成时态，该结构中that可以省去；it有时用this/that替换，常译为＂是第一次做……＂。 ☞ It is the first time I have been here. 这是我第一次到这里来。 5. It is a pity (a shame/an honour/a good thing/a fact/a surprise/...) that...该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should＋动词原形），should可省略，表示出乎意料，常译为＂竟然＂。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 ☞ It is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class. 这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！ ☞ It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！ 6. It happens (seems，looks，appears) that...该句型中it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen， seem等词是不及物动词。 ☞ It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来他再过几天才能回来。 7. It be＋adj.(kind, nice, brave, clever, stupid...) of sb＋to do sth该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定 式的逻辑主语由of引起，句中的形容词必须是表示逻辑主语特征的形容词（即句中的形容词是修饰逻辑 主语的）。常见的形容词有bad，brave，careless，clever，cruel，foolish，good(好心的)，honest，horrible， kind，lazy，modest，naughty，nice，polite，rude，silly，stupid，wise，wrong等。这个句型可以转换为： sb is＋adj.＋to do sth ☞ It is kind of you to say so.＝You are kind to say so. 你这么说真是太善良了。 8. It be＋adj.(difficult，easy，hard，important) for sb to do sth该句型与上一个同属一个句型。不定式的逻辑 主语由for引起，形容词常表示重要性、紧迫性、频繁程度、难易、安全等情况（即句中的形容词是修饰 动词不定式的）。常见的形容词有important，necessary，natural，easy，safe，common，normal，hard，difficult， dangerous，unusual，impossible，pleasant等。 ☞ It is important for her to come to the party.＝It is important that she (should) come to the party. 对她来说，参加这次聚会很重要。 9. It takes sb some time to do sth 做某事花费某人……时间 ☞ It took me five days to solve the problem. 解决这个问题花了我五天时间。 10. It costs sb some money to do sth 做某事花费某人……钱 ☞ It will cost my father five thousand yuan to buy such a computer. 买这台电脑花了我父亲5, 000元。 11. It’s up to sb to do sth 应由某人(负责)做…… ☞ It is up to you to decide whether to take the job or not. 做不做这份工作由你决定。 12. It’s useless/(of) no use/(of) no good doing sth 该句型常译为＂做……是徒然的/没有益处的＂，句中的动名词短语是真正的主语，表语可以是no use(＝not any use)，no good(＝not any good)等。 ☞ It’s no use arguing with her. 跟她争论没有用。 二、作形式宾语 1. 用于 ＂主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语＂ 句型中：当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词或宾语 从句时，常用it作形式宾语，而往往把真正的宾语——不定式、动名词或宾语从句置于补足语之后。 ☞ I think it important that we should keep calm. 我认为我们应该保持安静，这很重要。 ☞ I feel it my duty that I should devote myself to teaching. 我感到致力于教学是我的责任。 ☞ I make it a rule that I read English every morning. 每天早晨读英语是我的习惯。 2. 用于＂主语＋及物动词＋宾语＂句型中：有些动词或短语动词不能直接跟that引导的宾语从句，需要在从句前先加上形式宾语it。 ①appreciate，dislike，hate，like，love，make(按时到达，成功)，have(表明，坚持说)，take(认为，猜想)，hide(隐瞒)，publish(公布)，put(表达，写出来)等。 ☞ I take it that you will be leaving Shanghai soon. 我认为你会很快离开上海。 ☞ The report has it that no one was to blame for the accident. 报告表明没有人要对这次事故负责。 ☞ We published it that we had finished the project ahead of time. 我们宣布我们已提前竣工了。 ②answer for(承担……的后果)，count on(期待)，depend on(依靠)，insist on(坚持主张，坚决要求)，see to(确保)等。 ☞ I am counting on it that you will come. 我期待你会来。 三、it构成强调句 1. 强调句型的基本结构为：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分。 2. 强调句型强调的成分 强调句型强调的成分：主语、宾语、状语。被强调部分指人时，用who或that皆可；指物时，只能用that；被强调部分是时间、地点，原因或方式状语时，不用when，where，why或how而用that。 ☞ It was the beautiful lady that/who I met in the hotel yesterday. 我昨天在旅馆里遇到的正是这位漂亮女士。(强调宾语) ☞ It was in Beijing that we visited the Bird’s Nest and Water Cube. 正是在北京我们参观了鸟巢和水立方。(强调地点状语) ☞ It is my mother who/that reminds me to get up on time every day. 每天都是我妈妈提醒我按时起床。(强调主语) 3. 对not...until结构的强调 not...until结构的强调句型为＂It is/was not until...that...＂在这一固定句型中，由于not已经前移，that后只能用肯定形式。 ☞ He didn’t go to bed until ten o’clock.→It was not until ten o’clock that he went to bed. 直到10点他才睡觉。 ☞ I didn’t realize it until I got off the bus.→It was not until I got off the bus that I realized it. it高频考查句型和短语 常考it作形式主语的句型 1. It + be +adj./n.+for/of+不定式。“对某人来说做某事是......”。形容词easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary, possible等用for。形容词kind, nice, wise, silly, polite, impolite, friendly, foolish等用of。 2. It + is +no good/use/useless doing sth.；做某事是没用的。 It is no use arguing with him; he won't change his mind. 同他争论没用，他不会改变主意。 3. It + be +名词词组（a pity/ a fact/ no wonder...）/adj.+that从句 It is a pity that you can’t go with her. 你不能和她一起去真是太遗憾了。 4. It’s well worth doing...在该句型中，doing用主动形式表达被动含义。 5. It+appear/seem/turn out/occur to sb....+that...“似乎/好像/证明/某人突然想到......”。 ☞ It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来他再过几天才能回来。 6. It + is +said/believed/supposed/thought/reported+that从句...“据认为/据报道......” =PPeople say/believe/suppose/report that... =Sb/Sth.is said to do... It is reported that 16 people were killed in the earthquake. 据报道有16人在这次地震中丧生。 7. It + takes sb some time/some money to do sth.“做某事花费某人多长时间”。 8. It is natural/necessary/important/strange＋that从句”中，从句的谓语动词常用“should＋动词原形”，且should可以省略。 9. It is time (about time，high time) that...该句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是从句的谓语 动词常用过去时态表示虚拟，有时也用should＋动词原形，should不能省略，常译为＂是（正是）……的 时候了＂。 ☞ It is time that children should go to bed.＝It is time that children went to bed. 孩子们该睡了。 10. It is the first (second...) time that...该句型中的that从句不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后 面从句则用过去完成时态，该结构中that可以省去；it有时用this/that替换，常译为＂是第一次做……＂。 ☞ It is the first time I have been here. 这是我第一次到这里来。 常考it作形式宾语的句型 1. 主语＋believe/consider/find/feel/think/guess/suppose/make＋it＋adj./n.＋不定式/动名词/从句。 I find it easy to get on with John. 我发现和约翰相处很容易。 He didn’t make it cleawhen and where the meeting would be held.他没有说清楚何时何地举行会议。 2. 某些及物动词或短语后不能直接跟从句。此时须先用it，然后接从句，有此用法的动词(短语)：like, dislike, hate, appreciate, depend on, rely on, count on等。 You can depend/count on it that..你可以相信/指望...... I hate it when I have to speak in French on the phone.不得不用法语打电话，我感到很厌烦。 I like it when she sings me a song.我喜欢她为我唱歌。 3. it可用于表达意义不明确的语境中，如：get it(明白了)；make it(成功了)；forget it(算了） 4. As someone puts it...像某人所说的那样...... 考●向●破●译 考向1 考查各类代词的基本用法 1．He showed up at different art show openings, and researched as best he could to make _____ familiar with the market environment. 2．During a study of children, it was shown that if children are exposed to three or more years of musical training, they had better listening and speaking skills than who had none. 3．As he came to himself, in direction he looked, he could see anxious and curious faces. 4．In order to keep team members positive and motivated, the team leader needs to show these qualities. 5．The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but didn’t help. 6．Over time, as the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so would cook more quickly. 7．Instead of having to choose one or the other, we can benefit from of the approaches. 8．The difference between a man who succeeds and who does not lies only in the way each treats opportunities. 9．“ made me feel that there were many things worth sharing in my life, and it also gave me a sense of mission,” she explains. 10．Instead of having to choose one or the other, we can benefit from of the approaches. 11．The difference between a man who succeeds and who does not lies only in the way each treats opportunities. 12．In order to keep team members positive and motivated, the team leader needs to show these qualities. 13．Equipped with modern facilities, today’s libraries differ greatly from of the past. 14．Over time, as the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so would cook more quickly. 15．Appearance isn’t : in the long run, people will form their opinions about us based on how we behave, not on how we look. 16．This area, with ________unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. . 17. Tai chi, part of Chinese culture, is a kind of exercise which helps people improve___________ in health. 18. The other day, ________ occurred to Johnson that he should make a road trip to help the needy. 考向2 考查it特殊用法 1．Respecting the traditions of others shows cultural awareness and helps build understanding between groups. (用适当的词填空) 2．“ made me feel that there were many things worth sharing in my life, and it also gave me a sense of mission,” she explains. (用适当的词填空) 3． is very common for students to be physically present in class，but mentally absent because they are using their mobiles. (用适当的词填空) 4．She remembered how difficult was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. （用适当的词填空） 5．We find a meaningful thing to do good deeds and care for people around us. (用适当的词填空) 6．Bodyboarding uses a short, soft board to catch the waves. allows you to be closer to the water and feel more connected to the power of the ocean. (用适当的词填空) 7．I consider necessary that we should communicate with our parents regularly. (用适当的词填空) 8．After reading the touching story, struck me that true love is always around us. (用适当的词填空) 9．To maintain a healthy lifestyle, she makes a rule to turn off her phone an hour before bed. (用适当的词填空) 10．I would appreciate if you could give me a reply at your earliest convenience. (用适当的词填空) 真题溯源·考向感知 ——溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 题型1 代词在语法填空题中考查 例1（2025~2026学年松江区二模） Ultimately, a balanced mental state, (10)__________that allows for both focusedwork and environmental awareness, remains the healthiest long-term approach. 例2（2025~2026学年奉贤区二模） It was particularly dangerous for children, so parents would be advised not to count their children unless they survived smallpox. There was absolutely ____3____ that could be done. People tried keeping patients hot ____4____ (sweat) the disease out or even bleeding them, neither of which did any good. 例3（2025~2026学年长宁区二模） In one early phase of their research, researchers identified these places and marked ___3___ on a map with blue circles, which inspired the term blue zones. 例4（2025~2026学年宝山区二模） Repairs to the representative cathedral were done with careful accuracy, using methods from ____4____ original construction in the Middle Ages. 例5（2025~2026学年普陀区二模） He said that seeing faces in everyday objects is the result of the brain communicating that information back to ____4____. The brain, in fact, imagines a face and “tells” the eyes to see it. 例6（2025~2026学年杨浦区二模） Thanks to a camera built into its nose, it can detect and react to human emotions, and it understands gestures ____4____ a finger to the lips to ask it to be quiet. It could be appealing to someone who wants a pet, but is unable to look after a real ____5____. 例7（2025~2026学年黄浦区二模） Machine learning was researched for decades with little result, until back-propagation allowed voice and facial recognition. ___6___ of these were invented by following the rules, but by coloring outside the lines. 例8（2025年浦东新区一模） As I continued to create and post videos, I noticed that the number of my audience was twice (3)_________ of the previous month, and likes were rising. 例9（2025年闵行一模） The biggest change the job brought, though, was to my well-being. It is rare that you find（9）________ in a job you love, one that you are happy to go into each day. 例10（2025年普陀区一模） However, a recent discovery reveals that nature (2) _____ might be playing a crucial role in preserving this historical wonder. 例11 （2025年虹口一模） However, buying ____2____ awful lot of things that you don’t need, in this case new clothes, is harmful to the environment. Even so, there are still some measures you can take to achieve ____3____ of the goals. 例12（2025年徐汇一模） One of the ways in which these systems might escape control is by writing their own computer code to modify ____10____,” Hinton said in a 2023 interview. “That’s something we need to seriously worry about.” 例13（2025年杨浦一模） The clubs attract introverts, bookworms and rebels who resist the idea of spending precious reading time on a book ___4___ else selected for them. 例14（2025年静安一模） Some oils, especially ____8____ from citrus (柑橘属的) plants, can cause burns and blisters by sensitizing skin to the sun. Others hurt skin directly. 例15（2025年黄浦区一模） “Everything will work out the way that ___7___ is supposed to, Bluey,” she replies. 例16 （2025·上海浦东·二模） “Most cultures don’t do a good job of celebrating contributions, so I made 7 a practice to write thank-you notes to our employees.” Conant said, “Over 10 years… 例17（2025·上海杨浦·二模） While some residents still complained about the expansion of the subway network into their area, Pininski’s creative architecture won praise from many 9 . 例18（2025·上海黄浦·二模） So instead of saying “I am stressed out,” which may cause your heart to race, tell yourself “ 9 are stressed out.” 例19（2025·上海松江·二模） Ten volunteers walked or climbed for different amounts of time, including short intervals of either 10 or 30 seconds, or longer 8 of up to four minutes. 例20（2025·上海青浦·二模） Every time we act on bad advice, we sacrifice 7 — our time, our resources, or our confidence. 例21（2025·上海长宁·二模） A new cast of actors is bringing the book’s characters to life, from a script (剧本) that was written by Sachar himself, so 10 can match the authenticity of this adaptation. 例22（2025·上海普陀·二模） “This means there may be inborn genetic differences among people’s psychological connection with nature and how they experience 6 ……..” 题型2 代词在句子翻译中的运用 例1 （2025·上海虹口·二模） 值得一提的是，职业咨询区人流如织，已成为本次活动最热火朝天的区域之一。(It) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 例2（2025·上海金山·二模） 他忘了在饭盒上贴标签，有人不小心错拿了。(label) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 例3（2025·上海崇明·二模） 毋庸置疑，我们不可过度依赖人工智能，而应善用其作为工具，辅助我们的生活、学习和工作。（assist） _____________________________________________________________________________________ 例4（2025·上海静安·二模） 无论雨天还是晴天，每周四的校园露天音乐会都会吸引大批学生观众，使之成为校园 生活一道亮丽的风景线。(which) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 例5（2025·上海徐汇·二模） 她的行李箱里塞满了纪念品，结果超重了。(stuff) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 例6（2025·上海徐汇·二模） 中国古诗词以其优美的韵律、丰富的意象和深刻的哲理，至今仍被广泛传颂和学习。(with) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 例7（2025·上海闵行·二模） 倘若人工智能完全取代人类劳动，那岂不是每个人都面临失业的风险？(risk) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 例8（2025·上海宝山·二模） 孩子们不愿做作业却愿意花太多时间在社交媒体上，家长为此感到很担心。当下这种情况很普遍。（it） _____________________________________________________________________________________ 例9（2025·上海青浦·二模） 听说那幅水墨画将被送去国外展览，市民在艺术馆的展厅前大排长龙，想在展品出国之前来欣赏一下。(It) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 例10（2025·上海黄浦·二模） 这位知名作家推荐的书广受追捧，现已售罄。（so） _____________________________________________________________________________________ 例11 （2025·上海长宁·二模） 对于职场新人而言，去公司各个部门进行实践，获得全方位的感知，这一点至关重要。(It) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 例12（2025·上海长宁·二模） 这家老字号餐厅以其独特的烹饪方法和传统的地方风味吸引了众多食客，成了这座城市的美食地标。(attract) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 例13（2025·上海闵行·一模） 社区志愿者在共享单车的把手上安装了防风手套，好贴心呀！ （It） _____________________________________________________________________________________ 例14（2025·上海松江·一模） 这位工匠在筷子制作方面的贡献无人能及，这项荣誉非他莫属。 (deserve) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________________ 例15（2025·上海普陀·一模） 这家百年老店吸纳了多国美食烹饪方法，又自成一派，食客可以在舌尖感受异国文化。 (where) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 代词 内容导航 01 命题透视·考情前瞻 对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 02 思维建模·脉络梳理 搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 03 考点精讲·靶向突破 拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 考点一 人称、物主、反身代词 知识解构 知识点 1 主格 & 宾格用法 知识点 2 形物代 & 名物代区分 知识点 3 反身代词功能与固定短语 考向破译 考向 1 句子成分判断代词形式 考向 2 反身代词语境填空 考点二 指示代词与替代词 知识解构 知识点 1 this/that 承上启下用法 知识点 2 it/one/that/those 替代辨析 知识点 3 比较结构代词使用 考向破译 考向 1 同类异物代词选择 考向 2 指示代词语境运用 考点三 不定代词 知识解构 知识点 1 both/all/either/neither 分组辨析 知识点 2 few/little 等数量代词 知识点 3 other/another 系列用法 考向破译 考向 1 数量逻辑代词填空 考向 2 复合不定代词运用 考点四 it 核心用法（重难点） 知识解构 知识点 1 it 作形式主语 知识点 2 it 作形式宾语 知识点 3 强调句型 + 固定句式 考向破译 考向 1 it 句型语法填空 考向 2 it 句型句子翻译 04 真题溯源·考向感知 溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 命题透视·考情前瞻 ——对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 考点要求 考查形式 近年考题 （1）重点考查代词的基本形式。人称代词的主格和宾格形式、形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的区别、反身代词的形式及用法 （2） It 是考查的重点之一，特别是用作形式主语、形式宾语 （3）不定代词、指示代词也是常考点 语 法 填 空 题 句 子 翻 译 题 【2023年高考题】And so, king Mosi continued to rule his kingdom with wisdom and fairness, earning (28)__________a place in the annals (编年史) of history 【答案】himself 【解析】考查反身代词。分析句子结构可知,该空处需要填入代词或名词作earning的宾语，又结合句意推知，此处想要表述的是“因此，摩西国王继续以智慧和公平统治他的王国，使他自己(himself)在历史史册上赢得了一席之地”，故该空处填入 himself。 【2022年高考题】Successful entrepreneurs frequently have relevant insights, expertise, and advice they may offer aspiring entrepreneurs to aid ________ on their respective paths. 【答案】them 【解析】考查代词作宾语。根据句子结构，这里说的是成功的企业家为有抱负的企业家提供建议，因此此处要帮助的人(宾语)指的就是有抱负的企业家们，即 aspiring entrepreneurs，所以应填入人称代词宾格，且表复数，故填入them。句意:成功的企业家通常有相关的见解、专业知识和建议，他们可以为有抱负的企业家提供帮助，帮助他们走上各自的道路。 考情分析： 代词是高考重要考点，代词考点主要出现在语法填空中。预计未来高考命题将继续注重考查代词在具体、特定语境下的灵活运用。考点仍将以人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、不定代词等为主，可能会更加注重语境的复杂性和综合性，要求考生能够准确理解句子含义，从而选择合适的代词形式。 复习目标： 1. 熟练掌握各类代词的基本形式和用法，包括人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词等的不同形式及其在句中所作的成分。 2. 在语法填空题型中，根据句子结构和语境准确判断应填写的代词形式。 3. 在句子翻译中灵活运用代词。 思维建模·脉络梳理 ——搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 考点精讲·靶向突破 ——拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 知●识●解●构 知识点1 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 一、 人称代词 1. 人称代词的分类和数： 人称 类别 单数 - 主格 单数 - 宾格 复数 - 主格 复数 - 宾格 第一人称 自身 I me we us 第二人称 对话对象 you you you you 第三人称 男性 he him they them 第三人称 女性 she her they them 第三人称 事物 / 动物 it it they them 2. 人称代词作主语时要用主格，作宾语时用宾格，作表语时常用宾格。 ☞She’s my classmate. ☞I bought a present for him.  【名师点睛】 在强调句中人称代词的使用应该根据人称代词具体作什么成分而定。 ☞I met her in the hospital.→It was her who I met in the hospital. ☞It was I that first arrived at the airport. 二、 物主代词 1.物主代词的分类和数： 人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 人称代词 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 形容词性物主代词 my our your your his/her/its their 名词性物主代词 mine ours yours yours his/hers/its theirs 2. 物主代词的用法： （1）形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，在句中只能作名词或动名词的前置定语，不能单独使用。 （2）名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，可单独作主语、表语和宾语，也可与of连用作 后置定语，但不能单独作定语 ☞This isn’t my shirt; mine is over there. 三、 反身代词 1. 反身代词的形式   第一人称    第二人称      第三人称 单数 myself    yourself himself / herself /itself 复数    ourselves   yourselves       themselves 2. 反身代词常在enjoy, teach, hurt, buy, introduce等动词后和by, for, to ,of 等介词后作宾语 ☞All of them enjoyed themselves. 所有的人都玩得很好。 ☞Help yourself to some fish. 请自己动手吃点鱼吧。 3. 反身代词有时用于 be, feel, seem, look 等后作表语，表示身体或精神处于正常状态。 ☞You don’t seem yourself today. 你今天好像不太好。 4. 强调用法： 反身代词在强调用法中表示强调，即用来加强某个名词或者代词的语气，可译成“亲自”、“本人”。此时，它在句中作同位语。即使去掉，也不影响句子的完整性。如：    ☞You must do it yourself. 你必须自己做。   ☞I myself did the homework last night。 昨晚是我自己做了家庭作业。 5. 含有反身代词的短语 for oneself 给(为)自己，独自                        to oneself 对自己 say to oneself 心里想                                    talk / speak to oneself  自言自语 come to oneself 苏醒过来                              absent oneself  缺席 beside oneself   失常，若狂                           by oneself 独自地，单独地 of oneself 独自，自发地 知识点2 指示代词和替代词 1. this, that, these, those的区别 （1）this(these)一般指时间或空间上较近的人或物；that(those)常指时间或空间上较远的人或物。 ☞This is my desk and that is yours. ☞In those days they could not go to school. （2）this常指后面要讲到的事物，有启下的作用；that则指前面讲到过的事物，有承上的作用。 ☞I want to tell you this：the English party will be held on Saturday afternoon. ☞He hurt his leg yesterday. That’s why he didn’t come. （3）为了避免重复，常用that或those代替前面已提过的名词。 ☞The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Nanjing. ☞The ears of a rabbit are longer than those of a fox. （4）this在电话用语中用于作自我介绍，that用于询问对方；this和that可以当副词用，相当于副词 so。 ☞Can hard work change a person that much? 2. one, the one, that, it的区别 易混词 含义 this 指代上文说过的事物或下文要提到的事物。代替可数名词复数用these。 that 用来指代上文提到的某一个名词，可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词，表示特指。代替可数名词复数用those(相当于the ones)，后面必须有定语。 one (复数形式是ones)只能用来指代上文提到的某一个可数名词单数，表示同名异物。其前可以有定语，其后也可以有定语。 it 指上文提到的同一个事物，也可指代前面(或后面)整句话的意思。通常还可用作形式主语或形式宾语。 ☞This is the book I borrowed from Lucy. 这就是我从露西那儿借的书。 ☞The population of Shandong is larger than that of Qinghai. 山东的人口比青海的人口多。 ☞I don’t like the blue shirt. I like the yellow one. 我不喜欢这件蓝色的衬衫。我喜欢那件黄色的。 ☞I can’t find my hat. I don’ t know where I put it. 我找不到我的帽子。我不知道我把它放在哪儿了。 知识点3 不定代词 1. both, either, neither, , all, none, no one, nobody ☞Both of my parents are doctors. 我的父母都是医生。 ☞All of the students are interested in it. 所有的学生对此都很感兴趣。 ☞He has two sons, neither of whom is rich. 他有两个儿子，都不富有。 ☞He has three sons, none of whom is rich. 他有三个儿子，都不富有。 2. few, a few 与 little, a little的用法 ☞It is very difficult, and few people understand it. 它很难，没几个人能懂。 ☞It is very difficult, but a few people understand it. 他虽难，但是有些人懂。 ☞Unfortunately, I had little money on me. 很不巧，我身上没带什么钱。 ☞Fortunately, I had a little money on me. 幸好我身上带着一点钱。 3. other, the other, another与others的用法 (1) 指单数时的区别：若泛指用another，若特指用 the other。如： ☞Give me another (one). 另外给我一个。 ☞Shut the other eye, please. 请把另一只眼睛也闭上。 (2) 指复数时的区别：若泛指用 other(后接复数名词)，若特指用the other(后接复数名词)。如： ☞There are other ways of doing it. 做这事还有其他的办法。 ☞Where have the other students gone? 其他学生都到哪里去了？ (3) others的用法：它永远表示复数意义(且其后不能再接名词)。其用法大致相当于“other+复数名词”，同样 地 the others 大致相当于“the other＋复数名词”。如： ☞Other people [Others] may not think that way. 别的人可能不这样想。 ☞He is cleverer than the others [the other students] in her class. 他比班上其他学生聪明。 (4) another的用法：一般只能表单数，且其后接名词也只能接单数名词。但是若其后有数词或 few 修饰时， 则也可接复数名词。如： ☞We need another few chairs. 我们还需要几把椅子。 ☞In another two weeks it’ll be finished. 再过两个星期就可做完了。 4. 复合不定代词的用法 ☞There is nothing wrong with the radio. 这收音机没有毛病。 ☞Have you seen anyone [anybody] famous? 你见过名人吗? ☞If anybody comes, ask him [them] to wait. 要是有人来，让他等着。 ☞Everything is ready, isn’t it? 一切都准备好了，是吗? 是否接of短语：anyone, everyone 等只能指人，不能指物，且其后一般不接of 短语。若是指物或后 接 of 短语，可用 any one, every one (分开写)。如： any one of the boys (books) 孩子们(书)当中的任何一个(本) every one of the students (schools) 每一个学生(一所学校) 知识点4 it的用法 一、用作形式主语，替代动词不定式，动名词或从句 1. It is clear (obvious，true，possible，certain...) that...该句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语 从句，常译为＂清楚（显然，真的，可能，肯定……）＂。 ☞ It is very clear that he doesn’t like it.＝That he doesn’t like it is very clear. 很明显他不喜欢它。 2. It is said (reported/learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped...) that...该句型中的it仍是形式主语，真正主语 是that引导的主语从句；该结构常译为＂据说（据报道，据悉……）＂。 ☞ It is reported that another satellite has been put into orbit. 据报道又一颗卫星被送入轨道。 3. It is time (about time，high time) that...该句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是从句的谓语 动词常用过去时态表示虚拟，有时也用should＋动词原形，should不能省略，常译为＂是（正是）……的 时候了＂。 ☞ It is time that children should go to bed.＝It is time that children went to bed. 孩子们该睡了。 4. It is the first (second...) time that...该句型中的that从句不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态， 由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后 面从句则用过去完成时态，该结构中that可以省去；it有时用this/that替换，常译为＂是第一次做……＂。 ☞ It is the first time I have been here. 这是我第一次到这里来。 5. It is a pity (a shame/an honour/a good thing/a fact/a surprise/...) that...该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should＋动词原形），should可省略，表示出乎意料，常译为＂竟然＂。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 ☞ It is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class. 这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！ ☞ It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！ 6. It happens (seems，looks，appears) that...该句型中it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen， seem等词是不及物动词。 ☞ It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来他再过几天才能回来。 7. It be＋adj.(kind, nice, brave, clever, stupid...) of sb＋to do sth该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定 式的逻辑主语由of引起，句中的形容词必须是表示逻辑主语特征的形容词（即句中的形容词是修饰逻辑 主语的）。常见的形容词有bad，brave，careless，clever，cruel，foolish，good(好心的)，honest，horrible， kind，lazy，modest，naughty，nice，polite，rude，silly，stupid，wise，wrong等。这个句型可以转换为： sb is＋adj.＋to do sth ☞ It is kind of you to say so.＝You are kind to say so. 你这么说真是太善良了。 8. It be＋adj.(difficult，easy，hard，important) for sb to do sth该句型与上一个同属一个句型。不定式的逻辑 主语由for引起，形容词常表示重要性、紧迫性、频繁程度、难易、安全等情况（即句中的形容词是修饰 动词不定式的）。常见的形容词有important，necessary，natural，easy，safe，common，normal，hard，difficult， dangerous，unusual，impossible，pleasant等。 ☞ It is important for her to come to the party.＝It is important that she (should) come to the party. 对她来说，参加这次聚会很重要。 9. It takes sb some time to do sth 做某事花费某人……时间 ☞ It took me five days to solve the problem. 解决这个问题花了我五天时间。 10. It costs sb some money to do sth 做某事花费某人……钱 ☞ It will cost my father five thousand yuan to buy such a computer. 买这台电脑花了我父亲5, 000元。 11. It’s up to sb to do sth 应由某人(负责)做…… ☞ It is up to you to decide whether to take the job or not. 做不做这份工作由你决定。 12. It’s useless/(of) no use/(of) no good doing sth 该句型常译为＂做……是徒然的/没有益处的＂，句中的动名词短语是真正的主语，表语可以是no use(＝not any use)，no good(＝not any good)等。 ☞ It’s no use arguing with her. 跟她争论没有用。 二、作形式宾语 1. 用于 ＂主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语＂ 句型中：当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词或宾语 从句时，常用it作形式宾语，而往往把真正的宾语——不定式、动名词或宾语从句置于补足语之后。 ☞ I think it important that we should keep calm. 我认为我们应该保持安静，这很重要。 ☞ I feel it my duty that I should devote myself to teaching. 我感到致力于教学是我的责任。 ☞ I make it a rule that I read English every morning. 每天早晨读英语是我的习惯。 2. 用于＂主语＋及物动词＋宾语＂句型中：有些动词或短语动词不能直接跟that引导的宾语从句，需要在从句前先加上形式宾语it。 ①appreciate，dislike，hate，like，love，make(按时到达，成功)，have(表明，坚持说)，take(认为，猜想)，hide(隐瞒)，publish(公布)，put(表达，写出来)等。 ☞ I take it that you will be leaving Shanghai soon. 我认为你会很快离开上海。 ☞ The report has it that no one was to blame for the accident. 报告表明没有人要对这次事故负责。 ☞ We published it that we had finished the project ahead of time. 我们宣布我们已提前竣工了。 ②answer for(承担……的后果)，count on(期待)，depend on(依靠)，insist on(坚持主张，坚决要求)，see to(确保)等。 ☞ I am counting on it that you will come. 我期待你会来。 三、it构成强调句 1. 强调句型的基本结构为：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分。 2. 强调句型强调的成分 强调句型强调的成分：主语、宾语、状语。被强调部分指人时，用who或that皆可；指物时，只能用that；被强调部分是时间、地点，原因或方式状语时，不用when，where，why或how而用that。 ☞ It was the beautiful lady that/who I met in the hotel yesterday. 我昨天在旅馆里遇到的正是这位漂亮女士。(强调宾语) ☞ It was in Beijing that we visited the Bird’s Nest and Water Cube. 正是在北京我们参观了鸟巢和水立方。(强调地点状语) ☞ It is my mother who/that reminds me to get up on time every day. 每天都是我妈妈提醒我按时起床。(强调主语) 3. 对not...until结构的强调 not...until结构的强调句型为＂It is/was not until...that...＂在这一固定句型中，由于not已经前移，that后只能用肯定形式。 ☞ He didn’t go to bed until ten o’clock.→It was not until ten o’clock that he went to bed. 直到10点他才睡觉。 ☞ I didn’t realize it until I got off the bus.→It was not until I got off the bus that I realized it. it高频考查句型和短语 常考it作形式主语的句型 1. It + be +adj./n.+for/of+不定式。“对某人来说做某事是......”。形容词easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary, possible等用for。形容词kind, nice, wise, silly, polite, impolite, friendly, foolish等用of。 2. It + is +no good/use/useless doing sth.；做某事是没用的。 It is no use arguing with him; he won't change his mind. 同他争论没用，他不会改变主意。 3. It + be +名词词组（a pity/ a fact/ no wonder...）/adj.+that从句 It is a pity that you can’t go with her. 你不能和她一起去真是太遗憾了。 4. It’s well worth doing...在该句型中，doing用主动形式表达被动含义。 5. It+appear/seem/turn out/occur to sb....+that...“似乎/好像/证明/某人突然想到......”。 ☞ It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来他再过几天才能回来。 6. It + is +said/believed/supposed/thought/reported+that从句...“据认为/据报道......” =PPeople say/believe/suppose/report that... =Sb/Sth.is said to do... It is reported that 16 people were killed in the earthquake. 据报道有16人在这次地震中丧生。 7. It + takes sb some time/some money to do sth.“做某事花费某人多长时间”。 8. It is natural/necessary/important/strange＋that从句”中，从句的谓语动词常用“should＋动词原形”，且should可以省略。 9. It is time (about time，high time) that...该句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是从句的谓语 动词常用过去时态表示虚拟，有时也用should＋动词原形，should不能省略，常译为＂是（正是）……的 时候了＂。 ☞ It is time that children should go to bed.＝It is time that children went to bed. 孩子们该睡了。 10. It is the first (second...) time that...该句型中的that从句不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后 面从句则用过去完成时态，该结构中that可以省去；it有时用this/that替换，常译为＂是第一次做……＂。 ☞ It is the first time I have been here. 这是我第一次到这里来。 常考it作形式宾语的句型 1. 主语＋believe/consider/find/feel/think/guess/suppose/make＋it＋adj./n.＋不定式/动名词/从句。 I find it easy to get on with John. 我发现和约翰相处很容易。 He didn’t make it clear when and where the meeting would be held.他没有说清楚何时何地举行会议。 2. 某些及物动词或短语后不能直接跟从句。此时须先用it，然后接从句，有此用法的动词(短语)：like, dislike, hate, appreciate, depend on, rely on, count on等。 You can depend/count on it that...你可以相信/指望...... I hate it when I have to speak in French on the phone.不得不用法语打电话，我感到很厌烦。 I like it when she sings me a song.我喜欢她为我唱歌。 3. it可用于表达意义不明确的语境中，如：get it(明白了)；make it(成功了)；forget it(算了） 4. As someone puts it...像某人所说的那样...... 考●向●破●译 考向1 考查各类代词的基本用法 1．He showed up at different art show openings, and researched as best he could to make _____ familiar with the market environment. 【答案】himself 【解析】考查反身代词。句意：他会出现在各个艺术展览开幕式，尽可能做研究来让自己熟悉市场环境。分析句子可知，本句缺乏宾语，由于主语为he，宾语与主语为同一人称，故用反身代词himself。 2．During a study of children, it was shown that if children are exposed to three or more years of musical training, they had better listening and speaking skills than who had none. 【答案】those 【解析】考查代词。句意：在一项针对儿童的研究中，研究表明，如果儿童接受三年或三年以上的音乐训练，他们的听力和口语技能会比那些没有接受过音乐训练的儿童更好。此处替代前面有定冠词的可数名词复数children，其后有定语，相当于 the ones，应用those。 3．As he came to himself, in direction he looked, he could see anxious and curious faces. 【答案】whichever 【解析】考查代词。句意：当他苏醒过来时，无论朝哪个方向看，他都能看到焦虑和好奇的面孔。分析句子可知，此处指“无论朝哪个方向看”，使用whichever“无论哪个”作定语，故填whichever。 4．In order to keep team members positive and motivated, the team leader needs to show these qualities. 【答案】himself 【解析】考查代词。句意：为了保持团队成员积极主动，团队领导本人应展示出这些品质。根据句意，应填入反身代词，故填himself 。 5．The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but didn’t help. 【答案】it 【解析】考查代词。句意：医生强烈建议薇拉去度假，但没有用。此处指上文去度假这件事没有用，应用代词it。故填it。 6．Over time, as the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so would cook more quickly. 【答案】it/they 【解析】考查代词。句意：随着时间的推移，随着人口的增长，人们开始将食物切成小块，这样烹饪食物速度会更快。/随着时间的推移，随着人口的增长，人们开始将食物切成小块，以便更快地烹饪。空处缺少主语，空处可用it指代food，也可用they指代pieces。故填it或they。 7．Instead of having to choose one or the other, we can benefit from of the approaches. 【答案】both 【解析】考查代词。句意：我们不必二选一，两种方法都能让我们受益。分析句意可知，题干中出现了one，the other可以推测此题应该会考查关于两者之间的一些代词：either, both等。后面又出现of和复数名词approaches，可以确定填入both表示“两者都”符合语境。故填both。 8．The difference between a man who succeeds and who does not lies only in the way each treats opportunities. 【答案】one 【解析】考查代词。句意：一个成功的人和一个不成功的人之间的区别只在于他们对待机会的方式。空处泛指前面的a man，用代词one代指。故填one。 9．“ made me feel that there were many things worth sharing in my life, and it also gave me a sense of mission,” she explains. 【答案】It/This 【解析】考查代词。句意：她解释说：“这让我觉得在我的生命中有很多值得分享的东西，也让我有了使命感。”根据句意以及and连接的it可知，此处为代指上文一件事，用代词it或者this。出现在句首，注意首字母大写。故填It/This。 10．Instead of having to choose one or the other, we can benefit from of the approaches. 【答案】both 【解析】考查代词。句意：我们不必二选一，两种方法都能让我们受益。分析句意可知，题干中出现了one，the other可以推测此题应该会考查关于两者之间的一些代词：either, both等。后面又出现of和复数名词approaches，可以确定填入both表示“两者都”符合语境。故填both。 11．The difference between a man who succeeds and who does not lies only in the way each treats opportunities. 【答案】one 【解析】考查代词。句意：一个成功的人和一个不成功的人之间的区别只在于他们对待机会的方式。空处泛指前面的a man，用代词one代指。故填one。 12．In order to keep team members positive and motivated, the team leader needs to show these qualities. 【答案】himself 【解析】考查代词。句意：为了保持团队成员积极主动，团队领导本人应展示出这些品质。根据句意，应填入反身代词，故填himself 。 13．Equipped with modern facilities, today’s libraries differ greatly from of the past. 【答案】those 【解析】考查代词。句意：因为装备了现代化的设施，现在的图书馆已经和过去的图书馆完全不同了。结合句意，空处需要填一个代词指代上文提到的libraries，为复数名词；空后有of the past可知，为特指。代指特指复数名词用代词those。故填those。 14．Over time, as the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so would cook more quickly. 【答案】it/they 【解析】考查代词。句意：随着时间的推移，随着人口的增长，人们开始将食物切成小块，这样烹饪食物速度会更快。/随着时间的推移，随着人口的增长，人们开始将食物切成小块，以便更快地烹饪。空处缺少主语，空处可用it指代food，也可用they指代pieces。故填it或they。 15．Appearance isn’t : in the long run, people will form their opinions about us based on how we behave, not on how we look. 【答案】everything 【解析】考查代词。句意：外表不是一切：从长远来看，人们会根据我们的行为而不是我们的外表来形成对我们的看法。空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词，名词或者代词作表语，根据句意，此处表达“外表不是一切”之意，用代词everything。故填everything。 16．This area, with ________unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. . 【答案】its 【解析】考查代词。句意：这个地区拥有独特的、令人惊叹的自然美景，必须作为国家公园保护好，为了所有国家的人都能享受。修饰名词beauty用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。 17. Tai chi, part of Chinese culture, is a kind of exercise which helps people improve___________ in health. 【答案】themselves 【解析】考查代词。句意：太极拳是中国文化的一部分，是一种帮助人们提高健康水平的运动。结合句意可知，此处使用反身代词themselves“他们自己”，作improve的宾语。故填themselves。 18. The other day, ________ occurred to Johnson that he should make a road trip to help the needy. 【答案】it 【解析】考查固定句型。句意：有一天，约翰逊突然想到他应该开车去帮助那些需要帮助的人。it occurs/occurred to sb. that固定句型，意为“某人突然想起……”，故填it。 考向2 考查it特殊用法 1．Respecting the traditions of others shows cultural awareness and helps build understanding between groups. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】it 【详解】考查代词。句意：尊重他人的传统体现了文化意识，而这一行为还有助于增进不同群体之间的理解。空处需填代词指代前文“Respecting the traditions of others”这一行为，避免重复表述，代词it可指代前文提到的单数行为或事物，使句子逻辑连贯、表达简洁。故填it。 2．“ made me feel that there were many things worth sharing in my life, and it also gave me a sense of mission,” she explains. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】It/This 【详解】考查代词。句意：她解释说：“这让我觉得在我的生命中有很多值得分享的东西，也让我有了使命感。”根据句意以及and连接的it可知，此处为代指上文一件事，用代词it或者this。出现在句首，注意首字母大写。故填It/This。 3． is very common for students to be physically present in class，but mentally absent because they are using their mobiles. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】It 【详解】考查代词。句意：因为使用手机，学生们身体上是在课堂上，但精神上是游离的，这是很常见的。it做形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式。置于句首，首字母大写。故填It。 4．She remembered how difficult was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】it 【详解】考查形式主语。句意：她还记得为他的父亲选择合适的圣诞礼物有多么困难。结合句意分析句子结构可知，可知此处要使用it充当形式主语，真正主语为不定式短语，故填it。 5．We find a meaningful thing to do good deeds and care for people around us. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】it 【详解】句意：我们认为行善、关爱身边的人是一件有意义的事。分析句子可知，此处为find + it + 形容词/名词 + to do sth的固定句型，其中it作形式宾语，真正宾语是后面的不定式 to do good deeds and care for people around us。 6．Bodyboarding uses a short, soft board to catch the waves. allows you to be closer to the water and feel more connected to the power of the ocean. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】It 【详解】句意：趴板冲浪使用一块短而软的板来冲浪。它能让你更贴近水面，更能感受到海洋的力量。空格处位于句首，需要主语，指代前文提到的“Bodyboarding(趴板冲浪）”这项运动，需用代词it，且句首首字母大写，故填It。 7．I consider necessary that we should communicate with our parents regularly. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】it 【详解】句意：我认为我们有必要经常和父母沟通。分析句子可知，此处为固定句型：consider it + 形容词 + that 从句；其中 it作形式宾语，真正宾语是后面的 that引导的宾语从句。 8．After reading the touching story, struck me that true love is always around us. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】it 【详解】考查代词或名词性从句。句意：读完这个感人的故事后，我突然想到真爱一直就在我们身边。此处应为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句，用it作形式主语。故填it。 9．To maintain a healthy lifestyle, she makes a rule to turn off her phone an hour before bed. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】it 【详解】句意：为了保持健康的生活方式，她规定在睡觉前一小时关掉手机。固定句型“make it + 名词 + to do sth.”，本句真正的宾语为不定式短语to turn off her phone an hour before bed，本空用it作形式宾语。 10．I would appreciate if you could give me a reply at your earliest convenience. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】it 【详解】考查形式宾语。句意：如果您能在方便的时候尽早给我回复，我将不胜感激。I would appreciate it if...是固定句式，其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是if引导的从句。故填it。 真题溯源·考向感知 ——溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 题型1 代词在语法填空题中考查 例1（2025~2026学年松江区二模） Ultimately, a balanced mental state, (10)__________that allows for both focusedwork and environmental awareness, remains the healthiest long-term approach. 【答案】10. one/something 考查代词。句意：最终，一种平衡的心理状态——一种既允许专注工作又保持环境觉察的状态——仍然是最健康的长期方法。分析句子结构，“______ that allows...”是同位语，对前面的“a balanced mental state”进行补充说明。为了避免重复，使用代词“one”来指代“a balanced mental state”。故填one。 例2（2025~2026学年奉贤区二模） It was particularly dangerous for children, so parents would be advised not to count their children unless they survived smallpox. There was absolutely ____3____ that could be done. People tried keeping patients hot ____4____ (sweat) the disease out or even bleeding them, neither of which did any good. 【答案】 3. nothing 考查不定代词。句意：根本没有什么办法。根据后文“People tried keeping patients hot (4) (sweat) the disease out or even bleeding them, neither of which did any good.(人们试图让病人保持发热，以出汗排出疾病，甚至给他们放血，但都没有任何效果)”可知，此处表示“没有什么办法”，应用不定代词nothing。故填nothing。 例3（2025~2026学年长宁区二模） In one early phase of their research, researchers identified these places and marked ___3___ on a map with blue circles, which inspired the term blue zones. 【答案】 3. them 考查代词。句意：在研究的早期阶段，研究人员确定了这些地方，并在地图上用蓝色圆圈标记了它们，这启发了“蓝色地带”一词。空处指代上文的复数名词these places，应用代词them作宾语。故填them。 例4（2025~2026学年宝山区二模） Repairs to the representative cathedral were done with careful accuracy, using methods from ____4____ original construction in the Middle Ages. 【答案】 4. its 考查代词。句意：对这座具有代表性的大教堂的修复工作做得非常精确，采用了中世纪原始建筑的方法。此处指代“巴黎圣母院的”，修饰后面的名词短语original construction，应用形容词性物主代词its，表示“它的”。故填its。 例5（2025~2026学年普陀区二模） He said that seeing faces in everyday objects is the result of the brain communicating that information back to ____4____. The brain, in fact, imagines a face and “tells” the eyes to see it. 【答案】 4. itself 考查代词。句意：他表示，在日常物品中看到人脸是大脑将信息回传给自身的结果。此处指代the brain，表示“它自己”，所以用反身代词itself。故填itself。 例6（2025~2026学年杨浦区二模） Thanks to a camera built into its nose, it can detect and react to human emotions, and it understands gestures ____4____ a finger to the lips to ask it to be quiet. It could be appealing to someone who wants a pet, but is unable to look after a real ____5____. 【答案】 5. one 考查代词。句意：对于那些想要拥有一只宠物但又无法照顾真实宠物的人来说，它可能颇具吸引力。该空需要一个代词指代前面的单数名词pet作宾语，应填one。故填one。 例7（2025~2026学年黄浦区二模） Machine learning was researched for decades with little result, until back-propagation allowed voice and facial recognition. ___6___ of these were invented by following the rules, but by coloring outside the lines. 【答案】 6. None 考查代词。句意：这些发明都不是通过遵守规则，而是通过打破常规创造出来的。根据上文“The telescope opened the skies. Gene (基因) editing was hard until Crispr technology simplified it. And it’s been less than three years...ChatGPT shocked the world with what it could do. Machine learning was researched for decades with little result, until back-propagation allowed voice and facial recognition.”可知，上文列举了多个发明创造，句子为否定句，应用不定代词none，表示“三者及以上都不”，句首单词首字母大写。故填None。 例8（2025年浦东新区一模） As I continued to create and post videos, I noticed that the number of my audience was twice (3)_________ of the previous month, and likes were rising. 【答案】that 【解析】考查代词。句意：随着我继续创作和发布视频，我注意到我的观众数量是上个月的两倍，点赞数也在上升。此处指代前面的 “the number of my audience”，同类异物，且用于比较结构中，故填 that。 例9（2025年闵行一模） The biggest change the job brought, though, was to my well-being. It is rare that you find（9）________ in a job you love, one that you are happy to go into each day. 【答案】yourself/yourselves 【解析】考查反身代词。句意：很少有人能在自己热爱的工作中找到自我，一份每天都乐意去做的工作。此处表示 “找到自己”，指代主语 you，可以用 yourself（单数）或 yourselves（复数），故填 yourself/yourselves。 例10（2025年普陀区一模） However, a recent discovery reveals that nature (2) _____ might be playing a crucial role in preserving this historical wonder. 【答案】itself 【解析】考查反身代词。句意：然而，最近的一项发现表明，大自然本身可能在保护这一历史奇观方面起着至关重要的作用。此处强调大自然 “自身”，用反身代词 itself 来指代 nature 自身，起强调作用，故填 itself。 例11 （2025年虹口一模） However, buying ____2____ awful lot of things that you don’t need, in this case new clothes, is harmful to the environment. Even so, there are still some measures you can take to achieve ____3____ of the goals. 【答案】 3. both##either 【解析】考查代词。句意：即便如此，你仍然可以采取一些措施来实现这两个目标。空前是动词，所以空处应填名词或者代词作宾语，根据句意，此处用固定搭配：both of意为“两个都”或者either of意为“任何一个”符合语境。故填both或者either。 例12（2025年徐汇一模） One of the ways in which these systems might escape control is by writing their own computer code to modify ____10____,” Hinton said in a 2023 interview. “That’s something we need to seriously worry about.” 【答案】 themselves 【解析】考查代词。句意：Hinton在2023年的一次采访中说：“这些系统可能失控的方式之一是通过编写自己的计算机代码来修改自己。”根据空前modify可知，空处需用代词作modify的宾语，指代前面提到的computer code，需用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 例13（2025年杨浦一模） The clubs attract introverts, bookworms and rebels who resist the idea of spending precious reading time on a book ___4___ else selected for them. 【答案】someone 【解析】考查代词。句意：这些俱乐部吸引了内向者、书虫和那些反对把宝贵的阅读时间花在别人为他们挑选的书上的叛逆者。本句是省略which或者that的定语从句，从句缺少主语，应填名词或者代词作主语，根据句意，应是someone else意为“别的人”符合语境。故填someone。 例14（2025年静安一模） Some oils, especially ____8____ from citrus (柑橘属的) plants, can cause burns and blisters by sensitizing skin to the sun. Others hurt skin directly. 【答案】those##ones 【解析】考查代词。句意：一些油，特别是来自柑橘类植物的油，会使皮肤在阳光下变得敏感，从而导致灼伤和水泡。空格处应该用代词，代指上文的复数名词oils，所以用those或ones。故填those/ones。 例15（2025年黄浦区一模） “Everything will work out the way that ___7___ is supposed to, Bluey,” she replies. 【答案】 it 【解析】考查代词。句意：“Bluey，一切都会按照它应该的方式发展的，”她回答道。空处为代词，代指“everything”，用代词“it”。故填it。 例16 （2025·上海浦东·二模） “Most cultures don’t do a good job of celebrating contributions, so I made 7 a practice to write thank-you notes to our employees.” Conant said, “Over 10 years… 【答案】it 【解析】考查it形式宾语。句意：康纳特说：“大多数公司文化在表彰贡献方面做得不好，所以我把给员工写感谢信作为一种惯例” “make it a practice to do sth.” 是固定结构，“it” 作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的 “to write thank-you notes to our employees”。故填 it。 例17（2025·上海杨浦·二模） While some residents still complained about the expansion of the subway network into their area, Pininski’s creative architecture won praise from many 9 . 【答案】others 【解析】考查代词。句意：尽管一些居民仍然抱怨地铁网络扩展到了他们所在的区域，但Pininski富有创意的建筑却赢得了许多其他人的赞誉。空处为代词形式，意为“其他人”，用代词others。故填others。 例18（2025·上海黄浦·二模） So instead of saying “I am stressed out,” which may cause your heart to race, tell yourself “ 9 are stressed out.” 【答案】you 【解析】考查代词。句意：所以，不要说“我压力很大”，这可能会让你心跳加速，而是告诉自己“你压力很大”。根据语境和前面的“cause your heart to race”及后面的“are stressed out”可知，句子表示“不要说‘我压力很大’”，这可能会让你心跳加速，而是告诉自己“你压力很大””，空格处用you表示“你”，故填you。 例19（2025·上海松江·二模） Ten volunteers walked or climbed for different amounts of time, including short intervals of either 10 or 30 seconds, or longer 8 of up to four minutes. 【答案】ones 【解析】考查代词。句意：10名志愿者步行或攀登不同的时间，包括10秒或30秒的短间隔，或长达4分钟的长间隔。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少宾语，且该句提到不同时长的运动，因此可使用代词ones指代前文中的intervals，指更长的“时间段”。故填ones。 例20（2025·上海青浦·二模） Every time we act on bad advice, we sacrifice 7 — our time, our resources, or our confidence. 【答案】something 【解析】考查代词。句意：每次我们按照不良建议行事，我们都会牺牲一些东西——我们的时间、我们的资源或我们的信心。根据后文“our time, our resources, or our confidence”可知，此处应填表示“某物”的代词，故填something。 例21（2025·上海长宁·二模） A new cast of actors is bringing the book’s characters to life, from a script (剧本) that was written by Sachar himself, so 10 can match the authenticity of this adaptation. 【答案】few 【解析】考查代词。句意：一批新的演员正在将书中的角色栩栩如生地呈现出来，他们依据的是萨查尔自己编写的剧本，因此很少有（改编作品）能匹配这种改编的真实性。空后的can match是句子的谓语动词，空处可填代词作主语；又根据语境可知，此处表示“没有什么（改编作品）能匹配这种改编的真实性”，空处需填表示否定意义的代词；“few”表示“很少”，表示否定意义，可用于可数名词前，也可单独使用，在此处可指代“改编作品”，与题意相符。故填few。 例22（2025·上海普陀·二模） “This means there may be inborn genetic differences among people’s psychological connection with nature and how they experience 6 ……..” 【答案】it 【解析】考查代词。句意：这意味着人们与自然的心理联系以及他们如何体验自然可能存在天生的基因差异。根据句意，名词“nature”作“experience”的宾语，用指示代词it指代。故填it。 题型2 代词在句子翻译中的运用 例1 （2025·上海虹口·二模） 值得一提的是，职业咨询区人流如织，已成为本次活动最热火朝天的区域之一。(It) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is worth noting/mentioning that the career consultation area is packed with visitors, and becomes/making it one of the most dynamic/lively sections of the event. 【解析】表示“值得一提的是”用固定句型It be worth noting/mentioning that...，其中It作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，be动词用is。主语从句中：表示“职业咨询区”用the career consultation area，作从句的主语；表示“人流如织”即“挤满了人”用be packed with visitors，其中be packed with是一个固定短语，表示“挤满了”；主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is；表示“成为”用become，用连词and连接谓语is和becomes；表示“最热火朝天的区域之一”用one of the most dynamic/lively sections of the event。或者表示“使他成为”用make it，用现在分词，作状语。故翻译It is worth noting/mentioning that the career consultation area is packed with visitors, and becomes/making it one of the most dynamic/lively sections of the event. 例2（2025·上海金山·二模） 他忘了在饭盒上贴标签，有人不小心错拿了。(label) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】He forgot to label his lunchbox, so someone accidentally took it./He forgot to label his lunchbox, so someone took it by mistake. 【解析】分析句子可知，这里时态应用一般过去时表示过去情况。“忘记做某事”表达为forget to do sth.，因此表示“他忘了在饭盒上贴标签”应用he forgot to label his lunchbox；表示“有人不小心错拿了”可翻译为so someone accidentally took it，其中 accidentally(意外地)为副词作状语；表示“有人不小心错拿了”也可翻译为so someone took it by mistake，其中by mistake(错误地)为介词短语作状语。故翻译为He forgot to label his lunchbox, so someone accidentally took it.或He forgot to label his lunchbox, so someone took it by mistake. 例3（2025·上海崇明·二模） 毋庸置疑，我们不可过度依赖人工智能，而应善用其作为工具，辅助我们的生活、学习和工作。（assist） _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】No doubt we shouldn’t rely too much on artificial intelligence but rather make good use of it as a tool to assist in our life, study and work. 【解析】表示“毋庸置疑”应用no doubt；表示“我们”应用we；表示“不可”应用shouldn’t；表示“过度依赖”应用rely too much on，位于情态动词后面，使用动词原形；表示“人工智能”应用artificial intelligence；表示“而应”应用but rather；表示“应善用其作为工具”应用make good use of it as a tool，此处为客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为we，make用原形；表示“辅助我们的生活、学习和工作”应用assist in our life, study and work，此处为动词不定式作目的状语。故翻译成：No doubt we shouldn’t rely too much on artificial intelligence but rather make good use of it as a tool to assist in our life, study and work.。 例4（2025·上海静安·二模） 无论雨天还是晴天，每周四的校园露天音乐会都会吸引大批学生观众，使之成为校园 生活一道亮丽的风景线。(which) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Whether it rains or shines, the open-air campus concert every Thursday attracts a large number of student audiences, which has become a beautiful scene in campus life. 【解析】表示“无论是……还是……”句型为whether…or…，引导让步状语从句；表示“雨天”用动词rain，表示“晴天”用动词shine，陈述事实用一般现在时；表示“每周四的校园露天音乐会”用the open-air campus concert every Thursday，作主语；表示“吸引”用动词attract，表经常习惯性动作用一般现在时；表示“大批学生观众”可用a large number of student audiences；后跟非限制性定语从句修饰上文，从句缺少主语，故用which；表示“成为校园 生活一道亮丽的风景线”用become a beautiful scene in campus life，表示对现在的影响用现在完成时。故翻译为Whether it rains or shines, the open-air campus concert every Thursday attracts a large number of student audiences, which has become a beautiful scene in campus life. 例5（2025·上海徐汇·二模） 她的行李箱里塞满了纪念品，结果超重了。(stuff) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Her suitcase/luggage was stuffed with so many souvenirs that it was overweight. 【解析】“她的行李箱” 表达为 “Her suitcase/luggage”；“塞满” 用动词 “stuff”，这里是 “被塞满” 的意思，所以用被动语态 “be stuffed with”；“纪念品” 是 “souvenirs”；“结果” 可翻译为“so...that...引导的结果状语从句”；“超重了” 翻译为 “was overweight”，整体句子描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故翻译为：Her suitcase/luggage was stuffed with so many souvenirs that it was overweight. 例6（2025·上海徐汇·二模） 中国古诗词以其优美的韵律、丰富的意象和深刻的哲理，至今仍被广泛传颂和学习。(with) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Chinese classical poetry, with its beautiful rhythm, rich imagery/images and profound/deep philosophy, is still widely praised and studied today. 【解析】“中国古诗词” 表达为 Chinese classical poetry；“以……” 这里用介词 “with”，表示伴随状态，“以其优美的韵律、丰富的意象和深刻的哲理” 翻译为 with its beautiful rhythm, rich imagery/images and profound/deep philosophy” ；“至今仍被广泛传颂和学习”，“至今” 翻译为 “still”，“被传颂和学习” 用被动语态 “ be praised and studied ”，“广泛地” 是 “widely”，时态为一般现在时，表示现在的一种普遍状态。故翻译为：Chinese classical poetry, with its beautiful rhythm, rich imagery/images and profound/deep philosophy, is still widely praised and studied today. 例7（2025·上海闵行·二模） 倘若人工智能完全取代人类劳动，那岂不是每个人都面临失业的风险？(risk) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】If artificial intelligence completely replaces human labor, wouldn’t everyone be at risk of unemployment? 【解析】本句为if引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时表示将来。“人工智”为artificial intelligence，作主语；“完全地”为 completely，作状语；“取代”为 replace，作谓语；“人类劳动”为 human labor，作宾语。“倘若人工智能完全取代人类劳动”翻译为：倘若人工智能完全取代人类劳动。“那岂不是每个人都面临失业的风险？”表示一种反问和委婉的语气，用wouldn’t+动词原形。“面临......风险”为 be at risk of ；“失业”为unemployment，作宾语。故翻译为：If artificial intelligence completely replaces human labor, wouldn’t everyone be at risk of unemployment? 例8（2025·上海宝山·二模） 孩子们不愿做作业却愿意花太多时间在社交媒体上，家长为此感到很担心。当下这种情况很普遍。（it） _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Nowadays, it is common that kids are willing to spend much time on social media instead of doing homework, which makes parents very worried. 【解析】“当下”是nowadays，“某种情况很普遍”是固定句型it is common that，其中it是形式主语，that引导主语从句，“孩子们”是kids，“愿意做某事”是be willing to do sth.，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语kids是复数，be动词用are，“花太多时间在……上”是spend much time on...，“社交媒体”是social media，“不愿做作业”是instead of doing homework，“家长为此感到很担心”用which引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代前面整个主句的内容，“家长为此感到很担心”也就是“这让家长很担心”，时态用一般现在时，翻译为“which makes parents very worried”。故答案为Nowadays, it is common that kids are willing to spend much time on social media instead of doing homework, which makes parents very worried. 例9（2025·上海青浦·二模） 听说那幅水墨画将被送去国外展览，市民在艺术馆的展厅前大排长龙，想在展品出国之前来欣赏一下。(It) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is heard that the ink painting will be sent abroad for exhibition, so citizens wait in a long queue in front of the gallery hall to appreciate the masterpiece before its departure. 【解析】“听说……”可用固定句型“It is heard that...”表示，其中it是形式主语，that引导主语从句；“那幅水墨画将被送去国外展览”是主语从句中分句，主语“那幅水墨画”用the ink painting，“将被送去国外展览”表示将来的行为，用一般将来时的被动语态will be sent abroad for exhibition；“市民在艺术馆的展厅前大排长龙，想在展品出国之前来欣赏一下”是主语从句中并列分句，与前一分句构成因果关系，用连词so连接两个句子，其中主语“市民”用citizens，“在艺术馆的展厅前大排长龙”译为wait in a long queue in front of the gallery hall，描述现在的状态，谓语动词wait用一般现在时态，“想在展品出国之前来欣赏一下”作目的状语，用不定式短语to appreciate the masterpiece，“在展品出国之前”是时间状语，译为before its departure。综上，全句译为：It is heard that the ink painting will be sent abroad for exhibition, so citizens wait in a long queue in front of the gallery hall to appreciate the masterpiece before its departure. 例10（2025·上海黄浦·二模） 这位知名作家推荐的书广受追捧，现已售罄。（so） _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The book recommended by this famous author is so popular that it is now out of stock/sold out. 【解析】根据句意，该句讲述的是客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，结合提示的so可知，该句使用“so…that…”引导的结果状语从句；表示“这位知名作家推荐的书”作主语，表示“书”为the book，表示“知名作家推荐的”为定语修饰the book，recommend by this famous author与主语the book之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词短语作定语，即the book recommended by this famous author，位于句首单词首字母需大写；表示“广受追捧”可理解为“如此受欢迎”为so popular作表语，谓语动词为is；表示“现已售罄”为it is now out of stock或者it is now sold out，后者为一般现在时的被动语态。故翻译为The book recommended by this famous author is so popular that it is now out of stock/sold out. 例11 （2025·上海长宁·二模） 对于职场新人而言，去公司各个部门进行实践，获得全方位的感知，这一点至关重要。(It) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is of vital importance/vital for new employees/newcomers in the workplace to practice in various departments of the company so as to gain/and gain an all-round/ a comprehensive perception. 【解析】陈述事实用一般现在时；表示“对某人来说做某事很重要”句型为It is of vital importance/vital for sb. to do sth.，it作形式主语；表示“职场新人”短语为new employees/newcomers in the workplace；表示“去公司各个部门进行实践”可翻译为practice in various departments of the company；表示“为了”用so as to do sth.或用连词and连接；表示“获得全方位的感知”可翻译为gain an all-round或gain a comprehensive perception。故翻译为It is of vital importance/vital for new employees/newcomers in the workplace to practice in various departments of the company so as to gain/and gain an all-round/ a comprehensive perception. 例12（2025·上海长宁·二模） 这家老字号餐厅以其独特的烹饪方法和传统的地方风味吸引了众多食客，成了这座城市的美食地标。(attract) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This time-honored restaurant attracts numerous diners with its unique cooking methods and traditional local flavors, (thus) becoming/making it a famous food spot in the city. 【解析】陈述客观事实，为一般现在时。“这家老字号餐厅”为“This time-honored restaurant ”做主语；“吸引”为“attract”作谓语；“众多食客”为“ numerous diners ”；“以其独特的烹饪方法和传统的地方风味”为“with its unique cooking methods and traditional local flavors”做状语；“成了这座城市的美食地标”处理成现在分词做状语，“成为”为“become/make”，与上文为主动关系，用现在分词做状语。翻译为“(thus) becoming/making it a famous food spot in the city”。古翻译为：This time-honored restaurant attracts numerous diners with its unique cooking methods and traditional local flavors, (thus) becoming/making it a famous food spot in the city. 例13（2025·上海闵行·一模） 社区志愿者在共享单车的把手上安装了防风手套，好贴心呀！ （It） _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It's so considerate of community volunteers to install wind - proof gloves on the handles of shared bikes. 【解析】考查 it 作形式主语和短语。“社区志愿者” 翻译为 community volunteers，“安装” 翻译为 install，“防风手套” 翻译为 wind - proof gloves，“共享单车的把手” 翻译为 the handles of shared bikes。it 作形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式短语。故翻译为 It's so considerate of community volunteers to install wind - proof gloves on the handles of shared bikes. 例14（2025·上海松江·一模） 这位工匠在筷子制作方面的贡献无人能及，这项荣誉非他莫属。 (deserve) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The craftsman has made a far greater contribution to chopstick making than others, and nobody but he deserves the honor. 【解析】“工匠”可表示为craftsman；“在……方面的贡献无人能及”表达的是“在……上做出了比别人更高的贡献”，应用比较级结构，make a contribution to...意为“对……做出贡献”，表示比较时应在contribution前加greater，用表示程度的far修饰greater，用than引出比较对象others，这里表示过去的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时；“筷子制作”可表示为chopstick making；“这项荣誉非他莫属”可表示为nobody but he deserves the honor，陈述的是现实，应用一般现在时。前后句之间表示并列，应用and连接并列句。故本句可翻译为：The craftsman has made a far greater contribution to chopstick making than others, and nobody but he deserves the honor. 例15（2025·上海普陀·一模） 这家百年老店吸纳了多国美食烹饪方法，又自成一派，食客可以在舌尖感受异国文化。 (where) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This century - old store has absorbed the cooking methods of cuisines from many countries and developed its own unique style, where diners can experience foreign cultures on their taste buds. 【解析】“这家百年老店吸纳了多国美食烹饪方法”，“百年老店” 是 century - old store，“吸纳” 用 absorb，“多国美食烹饪方法” 是 the cooking methods of cuisines from many countries，这里强调过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时，即 This century - old store has absorbed the cooking methods of cuisines from many countries；“又自成一派”，“自成一派” 可理解为 “发展出自己独特的风格”，用 develop its own unique style，同样用现在完成时，与前面并列，and 连接两个并列谓语，即 and developed its own unique style；“食客可以在舌尖感受异国文化”，此句修饰前面的 “这家百年老店”，用 where 引导非限制性定语从句，“食客” 是 diner，“感受异国文化” 是 experience foreign cultures，“在舌尖” 用 on their taste buds，故翻译为 This century - old store has absorbed the cooking methods of cuisines from many countries and developed its own unique style, where diners can experience foreign cultures on their taste buds. 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $