Unit 3 Section Ⅱ（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（北师大版）

**基本信息** 高中英语同步练（新授课），采用“层级一基础巩固-层级二综合提升”双层设计，通过词汇语法到语篇应用的递进路径，强化语言能力并渗透环保主题，适配课时目标与核心素养培育。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |层级一|词汇（拼写）、语法（单句填空）、基础句型（完成句子）、课文语法|单一知识点强化，如单词拼写直接对应核心词汇，语法填空聚焦时态、非谓语等基础考点| |层级二|语篇理解（阅读）、语境应用（完形）|真实情境应用，如环保主题阅读（交通碳排放、零废弃岛屿）培养思维品质，完形填空渗透社会责任感|

[对应知能达标训练P32] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The sixth mass(大量的) extinction is likely to occur if we do not take good care of the Earth. 2．Most people walk at an average rate(速率) of 5 kilometers an hour. 3．The great flood greatly affected(影响) people's life in this area. 4．A quarter(四分之一) of the residents in Japan are over 70 years old. 5．The hen must find a warm place to hatch(孵化) her eggs. 6．To survive(生存)，the Africans have to hunt for beast and wilds. 7．The population(数量) of tigers is increasing in the wild thank to our help. 8．The life of the farmers in the west and the south is improving(改善) little by little. 9．The world has carried out a programme(方案) to help people in Africa. 10．The old teacher is always full of energy(活力). Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．It's all my fault this time.I'm to blame(blame). 2．Affected (affect) with a serious disease，he was no longer able to speak clearly. 3．We've been advised not to risk travelling(travel) in these conditions. 4．I walked up to the top of the hill with Joe，where we enjoyed a nice view of the lake. 5．It is suggested that we should discuss the problem. 6．Of course, I also took some practical steps to lose(lose) weight. 7．They want to make it clear to the public that they do an important job. 8．You may smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of dying(die) early by running. 9．They allow shoppers to purchase paper bags，which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. 10．The musician along with his band members has given(give) ten performances in the last three months. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．The bookshop，where I bought this book，is not far from here. 我买这本书的那个书店离这里不远。 2．It is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet. 显然，我们将会看到网上购物的大幅度增长。 3．He was determined to get there even at the risk of losing his life． 他决心到那里去，即使是冒生命危险也在所不惜。 4．They blamed him for the accident happening the other day. 他们因前几天发生的事故而责备他。 5．Without your help，I would not be able to finish the work on time. 没有你的帮助，我就不可能按时完成工作。 Ⅳ.课文语法填空 Five mass 1.extinctions(extinct) have happened in the course of the Earth's history.Scientists say previously the reasons 2.for this are varied but human activity will be 3.to blame(blame) for the sixth extinction.4.As we know, human actions are creating various types of greenhouse gases, 5.destroying(destroy) different species of plants and animals.It's no wonder that cancer is 6.related(relate) to polluted air.In fact, species are being wiped out at a 7.faster(fast) rate now than ever before. 8．Personally(personal), if we do want to survive, it's high time that we 9.needed(need) to stop destroying 10.the planet where we live and start to protect it. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·全国一卷) The greening of planes，trains and automobiles Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放).As the world races to decarbonize everything，it faces particular problems with transportation—which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions.Here's the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport. The fuels for transport need to be not just green，cheap and powerful，but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around.Each mode of transport has its specific fuel needs.Much is still to be settled，but here are some of the solutions to get us going green. This energy transition (变革) is global，and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing”，says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.It's estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050.Fortunately，analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task.“We need to speed up the development of green energy，and it will all get used，” says Wipke. [语篇解读]　这是一篇应用文。文章主要围绕全球交通领域的碳排放及绿色转型展开，说明不同交通方式有特定燃料需求，全球能源转型中可再生能源需求巨大。 1．What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018? A．11.6%.　　　　　　 B．45.1%. C．74.5%. D．86.1%. 解析　C　数据分析题。根据文中第一张图中的相关数据“ROAD( PASSENGER) 45.1%”和“ROAD (GOODS) 29.4%”可知，公路车辆在全球交通排放中的总占比为45.1%＋29.4%＝ 74.5%。故选C。 2．Which mode of transport can go green comparatively easily? A．Planes. B．Trucks. C．Trains. D．Ships. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据文中第二张图中“TRAINS—Electricity”部分的描述可知，火车使用电能作为能源，一些火车已经实现了电气化，其他火车可以通过非常简单的方式实现电气化。相对图中描述的飞机、卡车和轮船的燃料转型，火车绿色转型更简单。故选C。 3．What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition? A．Limiting fuel consumption. B．Putting more effort into renewables. C．Improving energy efficiency. D．Making electricity more affordable. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据文中最后一段Wipke的话“We need to speed up...used”可知，Wipke认为需要加快绿色能源的发展，绿色能源将全部投入使用。B项“加大对可再生能源的投入”与文意相符。故选B。 B A small Greek island, Tilos, got the title of a national park and can now make enough energy for itself.Now it has become the world's first zero-waste island. The island no longer has any rubbish bins (垃圾箱) and the place where they used to put rubbish (the landfill site) is closed completely.In their place is the Center for Creative Upeycling, where things can either be repaired, reused, or be turned into art supplies or building materials. They began by setting up an information center so people could learn about how to sort (分类) their waste into three kinds: recyclable (可回收的) materials (paper, plastic, and glass); organic waste (food, fruit, stones and bones); and non-recyclable materials (soiled paper and personal things).Each family was then given its own zero-waste equipment, including boxes for recyclable and non-recyclable waste, a bag for organic waste, and a box for cigarette ends.A smartphone app watched real-time information to show how much had been recycled. Waste management and recycling measures have been improved, leading to a reduction in plastic and other non-biodegradable (不可生物降解的) waste.This has not only made the island beautiful but also protected its environment and ocean life.As a protected national park, the 63 km2 island is an important site for falcons, long-legged buzzards and a number of migratory birds that use Tilos as a stopover between Africa and Europe.Any visitors to the island have to take part in the schedule as well.Hotels have special equipment for separating rubbish and tourists can pick up cloth bags for shopping from the Zero Point Information Center. “In the beginning, it was fun but cost time and energy，” says Fotaras, one of 745 residents (居民).“But we all helped each other until we could do it well.I was amazed how old people welcomed the idea of no rubbish like the good old days—and that gave me hope and courage to do it.” 4．What makes Tilos special according to the text? A．It has smart rubbish bins. B．It is the smallest island in the world. C．It has the best energy production system. D．It is the world's first zero-waste island. 5．What can residents learn from the information center? A．Their duty to collect waste. B．Methods of grouping their waste. C．Information on smartphone apps. D．Ways to make zero-waste equipment. 6．What is the benefit of improving waste management on Tilos? A．It has increased the number of tourists. B．It has made the residents' lives easier. C．It has beautified the island and protected its nature. D．It has cut the cost in running hotels on the island. 7．What may be the residents' attitude towards the waste management now? A．Supportive. B．Uncaring. C．Doubtful. D．Unclear. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了希腊的一个小岛经历了一场“绿色革命”，通过垃圾管理和分类让小岛更加美丽，保护了小岛的自然环境。 4．解析　D　细节理解题。根据第一段内容“A small Greek island, Tilos, got the title of a national park and can now make enough energy for itself.Now it has become the world's first zero-waste island.(希腊的一个小岛Tilos获得了国家公园的称号，现在可以为自己生产足够的能源。现在，它已成为世界上第一个零垃圾岛。)”可知，Tilos的特别之处在于它是世界上第一个零垃圾岛。故选D。 5．解析　B　细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“They began by setting up an information center so people could learn about how to sort (分类) their waste into three kinds: recyclable (可回收的) materials (paper, plastic, and glass); organic waste (food, fruit, stones and bones); and non-recyclable materials (soiled paper and personal things).[他们首先建立了一个信息中心，这样人们就可以学习如何将垃圾分为三类：可回收的材料(纸张、塑料和玻璃)；有机垃圾(食物、水果、石头和骨头)；以及不可回收材料(脏纸和个人物品)。]”可知，居民可以从信息中心学到对垃圾进行分类的方法。故选B。 6．解析　C　细节理解题。根据第四段关键句“Waste management and recycling measures have been improved, leading to a reduction in plastic and other non-biodegradable (不可生物降解的) waste.This has not only made the island beautiful but also protected its environment and ocean life.(废物管理和回收措施得到了改善，从而减少了塑料和其他不可生物降解的垃圾。这不仅使该岛变得美丽，而且保护了其环境和海洋生物。)”可知，改善Tilos的垃圾管理不仅使该岛变得美丽，而且保护了其环境和海洋生物。故选C。 7．解析　A　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“‘In the beginning, it was fun but cost time and energy，’ says Fotaras, one of 745 residents (居民).‘But we all helped each other until we could do it well.I was amazed how old people welcomed the idea of no rubbish like the good old days—and that gave me hope and courage to do it.’(745名居民中的Fotaras说：‘起初，这很有趣，但需要花费时间和精力。’‘但我们都互相帮助，直到我们能做得很好。我很惊讶老年人多么欢迎没有垃圾的想法，就像过去的好日子一样——这给了我希望和勇气去做。’)”可知，垃圾管理受到居民的欢迎，让居民觉得很有趣，由此可推知，现在居民对垃圾管理的态度可能是支持的。故选A。 Ⅱ.完形填空 Carter Ries is 16 years old and has been running the non-profit organisation，One More Generation，with his sister Olivia since 2009.Together they are working to 1 youth around the world to stand up，be heard，and 2 the planet. Carter once said，“My sister and I have been doing this and not once have we wanted to 3 it.There have been arguments and stress，but the reason we continue to 4 is that we motivate each other.” “Olivia and I go around the world 5 youth groups about the need to save our planet—and so far we have 6 shown many of these groups that anything is possible if you are 7 to work at it.” “We have created many campaigns where we teach students how to help our environment，such as our Plastic and Recycling Awareness Week program.Another 8 is our Rhino(犀牛) Letter Writing Campaign，where we got over 10，000 kids from around the world to 9 letters to the South African government，asking them to 10 rhino poaching(偷猎).Not only did this show the government that people around the world 11 ，but it also showed the youth that they had a voice of 12 and could use it on the go.The most 13 thing，however，is getting them to believe that.” “We recently launched a global OneLess-Straw Pledge Campaign—highlighting the effects of global straw 14 on animals and the environment.We want to deliver a strong 15 ，‘Anybody can make a difference...if we can，so can you！’” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了卡特·里斯自2009年以来一直和妹妹奥利维亚一起经营非营利组织One More Generation来保护地球的故事。 1．A.employ B．inspire C．remind D．force 解析　B　根据空后“youth around the world to stand up，be heard”可知，这是在激励年轻人。故选B。 2．A.explore B．study C．preserve D．observe 解析　C　explore探索；study学习；preserve 保护；observe观察。根据下文“Olivia and I go around the world 5 youth groups about the need to save our planet”可知，他们是为了激励年轻人保护地球。故选C。 3．A.quit B．lose C．finish D．choose 解析　A　根据下文“There have been arguments and stress，but the reason we continue to 4 is that we motivate each other.”可知，虽然卡特和他的妹妹有过很多争吵和压力，但他们没有想过停止它。故选A。 4．A.stand by B．push on C．show off D．slow down 解析　B　stand by 旁观；push on前进；show off 炫耀；slow down减慢。根据下文“we motivate each other”可知，他们互相激励着前进。故选B。 5．A.questioning B．warning C．asking D．teaching 解析　D　根据下文“where we teach students how to help our environment”可知，他们是在教授青年团体。故选D。 6．A.gradually B．finally C．successfully D．fortunately 解析　C　根据下文“We have created many campaigns”可知，他们已经成功地向许多青年团体宣传。故选C。 7．A.afraid B．willing C．free D．unable 解析　B　根据前文“anything is possible”可知，只要愿意，一切皆有可能。故选B。 8．A.experience B．struggle C．example D．research 解析　C　根据前文“such as our Plastic and Recycling Awareness Week program”可知，这是另一个例子。故选C。 9．A.write B．deliver C．edit D．bring 解析　A　根据前文“our Rhino(犀牛) Letter Writing Campaign”可知，这个运动是给南非政府写信。故选A。 10．A.photograph B．introduce C．document D．stop 解析　D　根据前文“where we teach students how to help our environment”可知，从环保的角度出发应该是请求政府制止偷猎犀牛的违法行为。故选D。 11．A.doubted B．noticed C．suffered D．cared 解析　D　根据前文“where we got over 10，000 kids from around the world to 9 letters to the South African government，asking them to 10 rhino poaching(偷猎)”可知，这是大家对保护犀牛的关心。故选D。 12．A.change B．reason C．truth D．authority 解析　A　结合语境可知，这是年轻人想要改变的心声。故选A。 13．A.embarrassing B．interesting C．enjoyable D．difficult 解析　D　根据下文“however，is getting them to believe that”可知，让人们相信这一点很难。故选D。 14．A.purchase B．prohibition C．usage D．transportation 解析　C　根据空后“on animals and the environment”及常识可知，吸管的使用会对动物和环境产生影响。故选C。 15．A.suggestion B．message C．topic D．lecture 解析　B　根据下文“Anybody can make a difference...if we can，so can you！”可知，这是他们想要传递的信息。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $