Unit 1 Section Ⅳ（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（北师大版）

**基本信息** 本同步练习通过“层级一基础巩固+层级二能力提升”分层设计，以语法填空、完成句子到阅读理解、完形填空的题型递进，实现从单一语言知识到综合语篇应用的巩固路径，适配新授课语言能力与思维品质培养需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |层级一|单句语法（动词形式、介词搭配等）、基础句型（固定表达）|聚焦语言能力，8题语法填空（如“discouraged”动词形式）和6题完成句子（如“in other words”固定搭配）强化基础知识点| |层级二|语篇理解（细节、主旨）、上下文逻辑（完形填空）|突出思维品质与文化意识，2篇阅读理解（人际交流主题）和15题完形填空（友谊故事）考查推理判断与语篇衔接|

[对应知能达标训练P7] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．We needn't feel ashamed of our failure. 2．When doing scientific experiments，one should not be discouraged(discourage) by temporary setbacks. 3．The supermarket offers various goods to choose from，so more and more people prefer to shop(shop) there. 4．I didn't intend to buy(buy) the product intended for young people. 5．It really upset Tracey when her mother showed a preference for her sister. 6．The new headteacher can always think of a more effective(effect) way to encourage the students than our former headteacher. 7．The ability to keep calm is one of her many strengths(strong). 8．I have never met a more demanding(demand) boss. 9．(2025· 全国二卷)The shape creates a perfect market where goods could be shipped and received using the river as a highway. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．I should point out(指出)that we have made a mistake in the experiment. 2．He doesn't have the habit of noting down(记下)what the teachers say and write in class. 3．You don't need to come to work.In other words(换句话说)，you are fired. 4．I had to depend on(依靠) my brother for a living when I was at college. 5．Last week，we students raised money(捐款) for the poor family to save the child. 6．To be honest(说实话)，I would appreciate it if you could pay in cash. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A I was sitting at my desk when another graduate student in my lab approached me.“Can you help？” he begged.His experiment wasn't working and he desperately needed help.I was a fifth year PhD student，the senior member of the lab at the time.As I had many times before，I gave in and said yes. I had a hard time saying no to such requests.I was new to the United States，having moved from China for graduate school.I found it difficult to make new friends and discover afterwork activities I enjoyed.My lab-mates served as my primary source of social connection.I feared that if I turned them down，I'd lose their favor. After I graduated and started a job in industry，I continued to carry the same attitude with me，and it continued to cost me.It wasn't until my wife gave birth to our first child that I realized how thin I had stretched myself and how misguided my priorities(重要的事) were.While she lay in a hospital bed in the early stages of labor(分娩阵痛)，I sat nearby，busy in correcting a work report on my laptop for my colleague.Hours later，after hearing my daughter's first cry and watching her tiny fingers grab tightly onto mine，it dawned on me that I should have been fully present during my daughter's birth. From then on，I determined to spare more time for my family by reducing my work tasks and carefully considering each request for help.I still enjoyed cooperating with others，but I dealt with mutually(共同地) beneficial tasks first，rather than accepting everything that came my way. I noticed many benefits，and few disadvantages.My daily work schedule was not so crowded.I no longer worked overtime，and I was able to improve my work performance by focusing more on important tasks.I was also pleased to discover that “Sorry，I'd love to help but I have a deadline coming up” is an acceptable response to a request for assistance.Most colleagues seem to understand. It's hard to say “no” to those you work with.But I've learned that sometimes that's the best way to avoid too much workload and lead a freer and happier life. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了作者渴望与他人建立联系，所以很难拒绝别人的请求，但从作者的第一个孩子出生以后，他认为最重要的事情就是陪伴家人，在学会拒绝别人之后，他的工作量少了，生活更快乐了。 1．Why was it hard for the author to refuse others' requests in school? A．He was eager for a bond with others. B．He was interested in helping others. C．He was fond of doing experiments. D．He was the most experienced student. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“I feared that if I turned them down，I'd lose their favor.”可知，作者很难拒绝别人的要求是因为他想让他人一直喜欢自己，渴望与他人建立联系。故选A。 2．What made the author carefully consider each request for help? A．His graduation. B．His wife's request. C．The birth of his daughter. D．The unhealthy state of his body. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“It wasn't until my wife gave birth to our first child that I realized how thin I had stretched myself and how misguided my priorities(重要的事) were.”和最后一句，以及第四段第一句可知，作者女儿的出生使作者开始仔细考虑每一个求助请求。故选C。 3．What does the author think is the priority now? A．Writing a report. B．Connecting with others. C．Accompanying his family. D．Requesting others for help. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“From then on，I determined to spare more time for my family by reducing my work tasks and carefully considering each request for help.”可知，现在作者把家庭放在了第一位，所以作者现在认为最重要的事情就是陪伴家人。故选C。 4．What happened to the author after refusing others? A．He got along badly with his colleagues. B．He got a lot more vital tasks. C．He received assistance from his colleagues. D．He got less work and more joy. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“But I've learned that sometimes that's the best way to avoid too much workload and lead a freer and happier life.”可知，当作者拒绝别人之后，工作量少了，生活更快乐了。故选D。 B In Burnham-on-Sea，a bright yellow sign marks “The ‘Happy to Chat’ bench: sit here if you don't mind someone stopping to say hello”．This bench was designed to deal with loneliness among the elderly in the seaside town.The bench has become a place where people like Ann，who has lived alone since her divorce 13 years ago，can strike up conversations with strangers.Ann explains that even just seeing the bench can spark a conversation，leading to natural interactions about holidays，local life，and personal stories. Another example of engineering opportunities for real human interaction is the “Chatty Café Plan”．Started in 2017 by Alexandra Hoskyn in the UK，the initiative encourages cafés to designate a “Chatter & Natter” table where customers can sit if they are open to chatting with others.The plan has expanded to other countries，including Australia，Canada，and the United States，aiming to reduce loneliness by creating a welcoming space for conversation. Real human connection is significant for our physical and mental well-being.Social interactions can reduce stress，lower the risk of depression，and improve the overall mental health.Physically，engaging with other people is capable of boosting our immune system，and even increasing longevity (寿命). In a world that seems so connected through the Internet，phones，and social media，why are we having to engineer human interaction? Despite the rise in social media，many people still feel disconnected.Social platforms often provide superficial (肤浅的) connections rather than meaningful interactions，leading to a dilemma where we are more connected digitally but feel lonelier in real life. Perhaps it is time to get off the Internet，put down our phones，and remember that we are social beings.Start by talking to your neighbors，chatting with the person in the queue，and engaging with your colleagues.Attend local community events，join clubs or groups that interest you，and try to reconnect with friends and family. 5．Why was the “Happy to Chat” bench introduced in Burnham-on-Sea? A．To promote local businesses. B．To attract tourists to the seaside town. C．To honor the happy moments with family. D．To handle loneliness among elderly residents. 6．What does the underlined word “designate” mean in paragraph 2? A．Buy. B．Assign. C．Remove. D．Deliver. 7．Which of the following is a benefit of human connection? A．Creating more online friendships. B．Increasing social media followers. C．Strengthening the immune system. D．Improving digital communication skills. 8．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Power of Face-to-Face Interaction B．The History of Digital Communication C．The Solution to Loneliness of the Elders D．The Popularity of Chat Benches and Cafés [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“快乐聊天”长椅和“健谈咖啡馆计划”以促进人际交流，阐述了人际联系对身心健康的益处，指出应减少网络依赖，加强面对面交流。 5．解析　D　细节理解题。根据第一段中“In Burnham-on-Sea，a bright yellow sign marks ‘The “Happy to Chat” bench: sit here if you don't mind someone stopping to say hello’．This bench was designed to deal with loneliness among the elderly in the seaside town.(在滨海伯纳姆，一个明黄色的标志上写着‘“快乐聊天”长凳：如果你不介意有人停下来打招呼，请坐在这里’。这张长椅是为了解决这个海滨小镇老年人的孤独问题而设计的。)”可知，“快乐聊天”长椅被引入滨海伯纳姆是为了处理老年居民的孤独问题。故选D。 6．解析　B　词义猜测题。根据第二段中“Started in 2017 by Alexandra Hoskyn in the UK，the initiative encourages cafés to designate a ‘Chatter Natter’ table where customers can sit if they are open to chatting with others.(该倡议由英国的亚历山德拉·霍斯金于2017年发起，鼓励咖啡馆designate一张‘闲聊’桌，愿意与他人聊天的顾客可以坐在那里。)”可知，咖啡馆的这张桌子供愿意与他人聊天的顾客坐，结合常识，不是随便哪张桌子都可坐，这需要咖啡馆指定。故画线词“designate”意为“指定，分配”，与B项“Assign”同义。故选B。 7．解析　C　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Physically，engaging with other people is capable of boosting our immune system，and even increasing longevity (寿命).(在身体方面，与他人交往能够增强我们的免疫系统，甚至延长寿命。)”可知，人际联系的一个好处是增强免疫系统。故选C。 8．解析　A　主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第三段“Real human connection is significant for our physical and mental well-being.Social interactions can reduce stress，lower the risk of depression，and improve the overall mental health.Physically，engaging with other people is capable of boosting our immune system，and even increasing longevity (寿命).(真实的人际联系对我们的身心健康至关重要。社交互动可以减轻压力，降低患抑郁症的风险，并改善整体心理健康。在身体方面，与他人交往能够增强我们的免疫系统，甚至延长寿命。)”和最后一段的“Perhaps it is time to get off the Internet，put down our phones，and remember that we are social beings.Start by talking to your neighbors，chatting with the person in the queue，and engaging with your colleagues.(也许是时候离开网络，放下手机，记住我们是社会性动物了。从和你的邻居交谈、和排队的人聊天以及和你的同事交流开始。)”可知，文章强调了面对面交流的重要性和好处。A项“面对面交流的力量”能概括文章内容，最适合用作文章标题。故选A。 Ⅱ.完形填空 The friendship between Patsy Gregory and Carol-Ann Krause began in 1955, when they were just 12 years old.They started writing to each other as part of a pen pal program.They became good friends， 1 letters about their daily lives, school, and family, as Patsy 2 in her conversation with the news service SWNS. Mrs Gregory's children organized a(n) 3 trip for her 80th birthday.Steph Calam, her daughter， 4 her on the trip to the US.Ms Calam said her mother had always wanted to 5 her American pen friend in person.They flew nearly 4，000 miles to meet Mrs Krause.Mrs Gregory described the 6 as natural, saying, “I recognized her 7 .” “They got emotional when they 8 ，” Ms Calam said.“I 9 when they hugged for the first time.They hit it off straight away and have been talking non-stop.” Their lives had taken 10 patterns.They got married around the same time and they both had three children. During the seven-day stay in South Carolina, the two friends 11 meals, talked, and explored local landmarks.Mrs Gregory said, “It was just like I'd seen her last week because we'd 12 each other for a long time.” The two friends wrote about 400 13 over the decades.Over the years, their friendship has 14 the changing times.“We started in pencil, moved on to ink, then typing and now we can email and stay in touch on social media，” Mrs Krause said. The pen pals intend to continue communicating.Their 15 shows that true friendships can span across time and distance, providing joy and connection. 1．A.delivering B．exchanging C．publishing D．receiving 2．A.implied B．learned C．predicted D．recalled 3．A.brief B．expensive C．special D．round 4．A.accompanied B．acknowledged C．encouraged D．trained 5．A.direct B．help C．invite D．visit 6．A.encounter B．event C．relationship D．trip 7．A.barely B．eventually C．immediately D．suddenly 8．A.called B．met C．stopped D．returned 9．A.calmed down B．choked up C．checked out D．headed off 10．A.complex B．familiar C．similar D．traditional 11．A.packaged B．served C．skipped D．shared 12．A.known B．questioned C．respected D．supported 13．A.books B．diaries C．letters D．notes 14．A.adapted to B．belonged to C．led to D．referred to 15．A.choice B．story C．performance D．success [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了帕齐·格雷戈里和卡罗尔-安·克劳斯两个笔友，虽然分隔两地，但是在过去的几十年里写了大约400封信，建立了深厚的感情。她们的故事表明，真正的友谊可以跨越时间和距离，提供快乐和联系。 1．解析　B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：帕齐在与SWNS新闻服务的谈话中回忆说，她们成了好朋友，交换了关于日常生活、学校和家庭的信件。A.delivering递送；B.exchanging交换；C.publishing出版；D.receiving收到。根据后文“letters about their daily lives, school, and family”指两人成为好朋友，开始交换信件来往。故选B。 2．解析　D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：帕齐在与SWNS新闻服务的谈话中回忆说，她们成了好朋友，交换了关于日常生活、学校和家庭的信件。A.implied暗示；B.learned学习；C.predicted预测；D.recalled回想起。根据后文“in her conversation with the news service SWNS”指帕齐在与SWNS新闻服务的谈话中回忆起和好朋友的交往经过。故选D。 3．解析　C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：格里高利夫人的孩子们为她80岁生日组织了一次特别的旅行。A.brief短暂的；B.expensive昂贵的；C.special特别的；D.round圆形的。根据后文“her American pen friend in person”可知，这次旅行是去看她的笔友的，所以是特别的旅行。故选C。 4．解析　A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的女儿斯蒂芬·卡拉姆陪同她前往美国。A.accompanied陪伴；B.acknowledged承认；C.encouraged鼓励；D.trained训练。根据后文“her on the trip to the US”可知，她的女儿斯蒂芬·卡拉姆陪同她前往美国。故选A。 5．解析　D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：卡拉姆说，她的母亲一直想亲自去看望她的美国笔友。A.direct指导；B.help帮助；C.invite邀请；D.visit拜访，看望。根据后文“her American pen friend”可知，她的母亲一直想亲自去看望她的美国笔友。故选D。 6．解析　A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：格雷戈里夫人形容这次相遇很自然，她说：“我立刻就认出了她。”A.encounter遇见；B.event事件；C.relationship关系；D.trip旅程。根据上文“They flew nearly 4，000 miles to meet Mrs Krause.(他们飞了近4000英里去见克劳斯夫人)”指朋友的这次相见。故选A。 7．解析　C　考查副词词义辨析。句意：格雷戈里夫人形容这次相遇很自然，她说：“我立刻就认出了她。”A.barely仅仅；B.eventually最后；C.immediately立即地；D.suddenly突然。根据上文“as natural, saying, ‘I recognized her’”可知，相见很自然，说明见面立刻认出了对方。故选C。 8．解析　B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：卡拉姆说：“她们见面时情绪激动。”A.called打电话；B.met遇见；C.stopped停止；D.returned返回。呼应上文“meet Mrs Krause”指见面时情绪激动。故选B。 9．解析　B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她们第一次拥抱时，我哽咽了。A.calmed down冷静下来；B.choked up哽咽；C.checked out检查；D.headed off出发。根据上文“They got emotional”可知，见面时大家都情绪激动，导致哽咽了。故选B。 10．解析　C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她们的生活模式相似。A.complex复杂的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.similar相似的；D.traditional传统的。根据后文“They got married around the same time and they both had three children.(她们差不多在同一时间结婚，都有三个孩子。)”可知，她们的生活模式相似。故选C。 11．解析　D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：在南卡罗来纳停留的7天里，两位朋友一起吃饭、聊天、游览了当地的地标。A.packaged打包；B.served服务；C.skipped蹦跳；D.shared分享。根据后文“meals, talked, and explored local landmarks”可知，两位朋友一起吃饭、聊天、游览了当地的地标，即一起分享了后文提到的这些事物。故选D。 12．解析　A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：格雷戈里夫人说：“就像我上周见到她一样，因为我们认识很久了。”A.known了解，知道；B.questioned质问；C.respected尊重；D.supported支持。根据后文“The two friends wrote about 400”和“over the decades”可知，两人通过信件往来认识很久了。故选A。 13．解析　C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：这两个朋友在过去的几十年里写了大约400封信。A.books书；B.diaries日记；C.letters信；D.notes笔记。根据上文“letters about their daily lives, school, and family”可知，这两个朋友在过去的几十年里写了大约400封信。故选C。 14．解析　A　考查动词短语辨析。句意：多年来，她们的友谊已经适应了时代的变化。A.adapted to适应；B.belonged to属于；C.led to导致；D.referred to参考。根据后文“We started in pencil, moved on to ink, then typing and now we can email and stay in touch on social media(我们开始用铅笔，然后是墨水，然后是打字，现在我们可以发电子邮件，在社交媒体上保持联系)”可知她们的友谊也适应了社会的发展。故选A。 15．解析　B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：她们的故事表明，真正的友谊可以跨越时间和距离，提供快乐和联系。A.choice选择；B.story故事；C.performance表现；D.success成功。此处指“The friendship between Patsy Gregory and Carol-Ann Krause began in 1955, when they were just 12 years old.They started writing to each other as part of a pen pal program.(帕齐·格雷戈里和卡罗尔-安·克劳斯的友谊始于1955年，当时她们只有12岁。作为笔友计划的一部分，她们开始互相写信。)”这两个笔友之间的故事告诉了我们友谊的真谛。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $