专题08 连词（专项训练）（北京专用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

**基本信息** 聚焦连词专项，以语法填空为载体，分层覆盖定语从句、名词性从句等四大考向，通过模拟、重难、真题三阶训练构建系统知识网络，强化语言逻辑运用能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |模拟·基础演练|13题（含北京各区县模拟）|单空填连词，按从句类型分类|从具体关系词（which/that等）到抽象连词（what/how等），构建"形式-功能-语境"认知链| |重难·创新演练|4单空+4语篇（含3D兵马俑等新情境）|融合学科（社会科学/自然科学）与文化情境|通过跨学科语篇深化连词在复杂语境中的应用，培养逻辑推理能力| |真题·实战演练|11题（含2021-2026北京卷等）|高频考点集中训练|以真题为载体，强化定语从句关系词等核心考点的迁移运用，提升应试准确性|

第08讲 连词 目 录 模拟·基础演练 1 重难·创新演练 6 真题·实战演练 12 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：定语从句的关系词、名词性从句的连词、状语从句的连词、并列连词 考向01 定语从句的关系词 填入一个合适的词 1.（2026·北京）But it is now challenged by the digitalization of the society which allows everyone ___20___ is connected to the Internet to access learning resources. 【答案】who/that 【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。句意：但如今社会数字化正对这一现状提出挑战，数字化让每一位联网的人都能获取学习资源。句中先行词 everyone 指人，关系词在从句 ____ is connected to the Internet 中充当主语；指人、作主语的关系代词用 who / that。故填who/that。 2. （2026·北京东城·二模）Although each social science focuses on a different aspect of human life, they have much in common. Each builds a body of knowledge ____18____ content consists of general laws, principles, and generalizations describing how facts, trends, and observations are related. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：每一门社会科学都构建一套知识体系，其内容由描述事实、趋势和观察之间关联的一般规律、原理和归纳结论构成。空处引导定语从句，先行词是a body of knowledge，空格后content与先行词为所属关系，表示“知识体系的内容”，用关系代词whose引导定语从句。 3. （2026·北京西城·二模）Gratitude has a strong positive impact on psychological well-being as well, 16 benefits include increased self-respect, enhanced positive emotions, and a more optimistic outlook on life. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：感恩对心理健康也有着极大的积极影响，它的好处包括增强自尊、丰富积极情绪以及树立更乐观的人生态度。先行词为 gratitude，空后名词和先行词为所属关系，引导非限制性定语从句。 4. （2026·北京海淀区二模）Scientists have been studying a hidden weapon beneath the ocean to tackle climate change. Seagrass, ____15____ occupies less than 0.2% of the ocean floor, is responsible for storing 10% of the ocean’s carbon. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：海草仅占洋底面积的不足0.2%，却负责储存海洋中10%的碳。先行词为seagrass，指代事物，且引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，用which引导。 5. （2026·北京朝阳区二模）One day, there came the owner named May, __12__ rare eye condition prevented her from reading the tiny characters. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：一天，族谱主人梅前来寻来，她患有罕见眼疾，看不清上面微小的文字。关系词在从句中修饰名词，表所属关系，指代 “她的”，故填 whose。 6. （2026·北京石景山二模）For example, you may find yourself in a job interview ____15____ you’re competing against other applicants. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句的关系副词。句意：例如，你可能会发现自己在求职面试中与其他申请者竞争。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为job interview，且关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导该从句。 7. （2026·北京顺义二模）Mollie Ray, a comic artist and author, devotes herself to championing young comic creators. She wants to reach young people ____14____ might not otherwise have access to the arts and give them a voice through comics. 【答案】who/that 【解析】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：她希望接触到那些原本无法接触艺术的年轻人，并通过漫画为他们提供发声的机会。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词people是人，因此用关系代词who/that引导定语从句。 8.（2026·北京房山二模）Studies suggest that, under the right conditions, blue spaces can also reduce noise in urban areas, help improve air quality, and cool down hot climates — all of ____20____ contribute to physical health. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：研究表明，在适宜条件下，蓝色空间还能降低城市噪音、助力改善空气质量、缓解气候炎热 ——所有这些都对身体健康有益。空处引导定语从句，先行词是上文句子，在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，需用关系代词which引导。 9. （2019·北京海淀区一模）However, those ____18____ don’t screen incoming ideas will end up believing things not only false, but also ____19____ (danger). 【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：然而，那些不筛选新想法的人最终会相信不仅错误而且危险的事情。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是those，指人，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故填who。 10. （2026·北京延庆区一模）He Jiaolong, a former deputy mayor of Zhaosu County in Xinjiang ____14____ dedicated herself to boosting local agriculture, became an internet celebrity. 【答案】who/that 【解析】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：何娇龙是新疆昭苏县的一位前副县长，她致力于推动当地农业发展，后来成为了网络红人。空格处引导定语从句，先行词是He Jiaolong，指人，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who或that引导定语从句。故填who/that。 11. （2026·北京通州区一模）Sitting down to enjoy such a meal allows us to honor those ____11____ grew the food and the effort behind it. 【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：坐下来享用这样一顿饭，让我们能够向种植这些食物的人及其背后的付出致敬。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词those，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处应用关系代词who引导定语从句。 12. （2026·北京顺义区一模）He then started a woodworking school, ____15____ the lessons learned over a lifetime are passed on. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句的关系副词。句意：之后，他开办了一所木工学校，在那里传授他一生中所积累的经验。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是a woodworking school，在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故填where。 13.（2026·北京石景山区一模）Thomas, ____19____ own house was flooding, drove back several times to rescue people of the town where he’d grown up, delivering them safely to ____20unfolded____ (unflood) shelters. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：托马斯自己的房子被洪水淹没了，他多次开车回去营救他长大的小镇上的人们，将他们安全地送到未被洪水淹没的避难所。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为Thomas，从句中缺少定语修饰own house，表示“……的”，应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 考向02 名词性从句的连词 1. （2026·北京东城·二模）The next gesture is ____12____ I will never forget: the students proceeded to trade shoes with each other to match my crazy situation. 【答案】what 【解析】考查表语从句的连词。句意：接下来的举动，是我永远不会忘记的。空处引导表语从句，从句中forget缺少宾语，指事物，用连接代词what引导从句。 2. （2026·北京西城区·二模）This is thanks to Xpeng’s custom AI robotics architecture, which enables it to interpret visual inputs and respond physically without needing to first translate 20 it sees into language. 【答案】what 【解析】考查宾语从句的连词。句意：它能够解读视觉信息并做出肢体反应，无需先把所见之物转化为语言。动词后接宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指代事物，用连接代词引导。故填what. 3. （2026·北京海淀区二模）Most people change habits by focusing on outcomes — what they want to achieve. The alternative is identity-based habits — focusing on ____18____ you wish to become. 【答案】who/what 【解析】考查宾语从句的连词。句意：另一种方式则是基于个人身份的习惯——专注于你希望成为什么样的人。引导宾语从句，从句缺少表语，指人用who, 指身份（什么样的人）用what. 4. （2026·北京朝阳区二模）“I want to know __13__ I come from,” she whispered. 【答案】where 【解析】考查宾语从句的连词。句意：我想知道自己来自何方。从句缺少地点状语，表达出身出处，故填 where。 5. （2026·北京石景山二模）What matters is ____16____ you can manage to see the hiring manager first or last. 【答案】whether 【解析】考查表语从句的连词。句意：重要的是你能否设法第一个或最后一个见到招聘经理。空处引导表语从句，此处表“是否”，只能用whether引导。 6.（2026·北京顺义二模）Her advice to young people is to keep practicing and put time into ____17____ makes them happy. 【答案】what 【解析】考查宾语从句的连词。句意：她给年轻人的建议是：不断练习，投入时间去做让自己开心的事情。空格处引导的是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，句子表示“……的事情”，用连接代词what引导从句。 7. （2019·北京海淀区一模）These two mindsets seem to be in conflict, but support each other nicely, which is ____20____ you should strive to transform yourself into an open-minded critical thinker if you wish to strengthen your mind. 【答案】why 【解析】考查表语从句的连词。句意：这两种思维方式看似相互冲突，但实际上却相互支持，这就是为什么如果你想要强化自己的思维，就应该努力将自己转变为一个开放的批判性思考者。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少原因状语，所以用连接副词why引导。故填why。 8.（2026·北京延庆区一模）If we treat AI as an all-powerful adviser, we risk forgetting ____18____ to question, reason, and recognize. 【答案】how 【解析】考查连词。句意：如果我们把人工智能当作一个无所不能的顾问，我们就有可能忘记如何去质疑、推理和识别。此处为“特殊疑问词+不定式”作宾语相当于宾语从句：how we could question…，结合句意表示“如何”用how。故填how。 9. （2026·北京通州区一模）In this way, slow food reminds us ____13____ taking time to cook and eat well is also a way to respect others and care for ourselves. 【答案】that 【解析】考查宾语从句的连词。句意：通过这种方式，慢食提醒我们，花时间做饭和吃好也是尊重他人和关心自己的一种方式。空处引导宾语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句意完整，所以空处应用连接词that引导宾语从句。 10. （2026·北京通州区一模）In this way, slow food reminds us ____13____ taking time to cook and eat well is also a way to respect others and care for ourselves. 【答案】that 【解析】考查宾语从句的连词。句意：通过这种方式，慢食提醒我们，花时间做饭和吃好也是尊重他人和关心自己的一种方式。空处引导宾语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句意完整，所以空处应用连接词that引导宾语从句。 11. （2026·北京石景山区一模）Combinations of factors unique to individuals — age, gender, medical condition — affect ____16____ we experience temperature. 【答案】how 【解析】考查宾语从句的连词。句意：年龄、性别、身体状况等个体特有的多种因素组合，会影响我们对温度的感受方式。空格处引导宾语从句，作动词affect的宾语，且在从句中作方式状语，意为“如何，怎样”。故填how。 考向03 状语从句的连词 1.（2026·北京房山二模）For starters, ____17_spending___ (spend) time in blue spaces encourages movement — ____18____ you’re walking around a lake or swimming in it — and physical activity is vital for a healthier body and brain. 【答案】whether 【解析】考查状语从句的连词。句意：首先，在蓝色空间中度过时光能促进人们活动 ——无论你是在湖边散步还是在湖中游泳 —— 而体育锻炼对身心健康至关重要。whether...or...为固定句式，意为“无论…… 还是……”，引导让步状语。 考向04 并列句的连词 1.（2026·四川巴中一模）Tracing the rise of the Qin Empire, the exhibition showcased ten original Terracotta Warriors ____37____ various ceremonial objects discovered in the imperial tomb. 【答案】and 【解析】考查并列句的连词。句意：该展览追溯了秦帝国的崛起，展出了十尊原始兵马俑以及在帝王陵墓中发现的各种礼仪用品。结合句意，ten original Terracotta Warriors和various ceremonial objects为并列关系，均为展览的展品，所以用连词and连接。故填and。 重难·创新演练 设题创新: 思维方式（T1）；性格(P1); 修复地球(P2); 人际交往(T3)；中国文化宣传（兵马俑）（T4）；中国文化遗产（T5） 学科融合:社会科学(T2);自然科学(P3)；人与动物（P4） 一、填入1个合适的词 1. 【新情境·思维方式】（2026·北京丰台·一模）____15____ this qualification offers are the tools and thinking styles ____16designed___ (design) to help you make sense of complex information. 【答案】What 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：这一资格所提供的是旨在帮助你理解复杂信息的工具和思维方式。空处引导名词性从句作整个句子的主语，主语从句中offers缺少宾语，结合“the tools and thinking styles”可知，宾语指物，应用连接代词what作引导词，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填What。 2.【学科融合:社会科学】（2026·北京丰台·一模）Heartbroken, we later stopped at a service station ____19____ a biker gang had pulled in. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句的关系副词。句意：伤心欲绝的我们后来在一个服务站停了下来，那里有一群骑摩托车的人停了下来。空处引导定语从句，先行词是a service station，指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 3. 【新角度:人际交往】（2026·北京朝阳区·一模）Moving to a new school is a challenging experience, and for James, there was no exception. The first few days, he felt uncertain about ____11____ he could connect with others. 【答案】how/whether 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：最初几天，他不确定自己能否与他人建立联系。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句作介词about的宾语，从句中不缺主语和宾语，结合句意，此处表示“是否”或者“如何”，语义完整，所以用连接副词how/whether。故填how/whether。 4．【新情境·3D与兵马俑】（2026·四川巴中·一模）Advances in research and museum technology have enabled the Budapest exhibition ____39to introduce____ (introduce) new interpretive elements. Among them was a world-premiere 3D light projection, ____40____ restored the original colors of the Terracotta Warriors on life-size replicas (复制品). 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：其中包括一项世界首演的3D光影投影技术，该技术在原尺寸复制品上还原了兵马俑的原始色彩。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a world-premiere 3D light projection，且在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which。故填which。 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 【新情境·性格】（2026·北京房山区·一模）Personality is the characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings and behaviour ____14____ make a person unique. Understanding personality allows us to predict ____15____ people will respond to certain situations and the sorts of things they prefer and value. For example, a neurotic person feels worried more frequently than others, while an agreeable person in general feels more content. An outgoing person may jump for joy when ____16____ (face) new experiences, while a shy person may feel embarrassed in front of a large group of people. 【答案】14. that/which 15. how 16. facing 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了性格的定义，以及了解性格能帮助我们预判人们对不同情境的反应和其喜好与价值观。 【14题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：性格是使一个人与众不同的、具有特征性的思维、情感和行为模式。______make a person unique是关系词引导的定语从句修饰先行词the characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings and behaviour，先行词是事物名词，所填关系词在该从句中作主语，关系代词that或which符合要求。故填that/which。 【15题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：了解性格能让我们预测人们会对特定情境做出怎样的反应，以及他们喜欢和重视什么样的事物。predict接宾语从句_____people will respond to certain situations and the sorts of things they prefer and value，该从句缺方式状语，空格处要用连接副词how，表示“如何、怎样”。故填how。 【16题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：外向的人面对新体验时可能会欢呼雀跃，而害羞的人在一大群人面前可能会感到尴尬。face与person之间是逻辑上的主动关系，要用现在分词形式facing作状语。故填facing。 Passage 2 【新情境·修复地球】（2026·北京朝阳区·一模） Tourism is one of the world’s ____11____ (big) industries, and a highly polluting one. Now the “Rewilding Portugal” project, ____12____ tourists help restore degraded farmland by planting native trees, turns tourists into active participants in repairing the planet. In return, the tourists stay in renewable-powered accommodations. Critics argue that the project is just a marketing trick. But supporters believe it offers a way ____13____ (make) travel meaningful, by turning it into an opportunity to learn, connect, and contribute. 【答案】11. biggest 12. where 13. to make 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“Rewilding Portugal”项目，该项目让游客通过种植本土树木帮助恢复退化的农田，将游客转变为修复地球的积极参与者。 【11题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：旅游业是世界上最大的产业之一，也是一个污染严重的产业。根据句意和“one of the world’s”可知，此处表示“最大的产业之一”，应用形容词最高级biggest作定语，修饰名词industries。故填biggest。 【12题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：现在，“Rewilding Portugal”项目让游客通过种植本土树木帮助恢复退化的农田，将游客转变为修复地球的积极参与者。“_____ tourists help restore degraded farmland by planting native trees”为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词project，关系词将其代入定语从句中作抽象的地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【13题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：但支持者认为，它提供了一种使旅行有意义的方式，通过将旅行变成一个学习、联系和贡献的机会。“(make) travel meaningful”作后置定语，名词way后常用动词不定式作定语，意为“……的方式”。故填to make。 Passage 3 【新情境·中国文化】（2026·辽宁沈阳·一模） I came to China to tell stories but ended up living them. Over the past 20 years since my arrival, I ____36____ (travel) to every province, collecting extraordinary experiences, from mountains and forests to remote villages and tundras (冻土), not to mention hunting with eagles on horseback. These stories didn’t just become popular videos. They rewrote my life. ____37____ (receive) China’s Special Book Award, the highest literary honor for foreigners, was both a surprise and an honor. This has opened new access to cultural exchange. Through writing and publishing, we don’t just translate words — we translate ____38____ (world). My latest book, Closer to Heaven, demonstrates many moving scenes ____39____ ordinary people are making efforts to improve their lives. Its emphasis on individual voices ____40____ (make) these stories resonate (共鸣) across cultures. I was ____41____ (particular) moved when Chinese readers said they learned about their own country through my writing. The book’s success in becoming ____42____ bestseller, as well as its translation into many languages, shows that these stories can bridge the gap ____43____ cultures. Every story we share, every book we publish, makes our world larger in ____44____ (imagine) and smaller in familiarity. And I, for one, am happy ____45____ (share) this world of words with you. 【答案】36. have traveled/have travelled 37. Receiving 38. worlds 39. where 40. makes 41. particularly 42. a 43. between 44. imagination 45. to share 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者来到中国后的经历、所获荣誉、作品及其影响，以及作者对文化交流的感悟。 【36题详解】 考查时态。句意：自从我来到中国后的20年里，我走遍了每一个省份，收集了非凡的经历，从山川森林到偏远的村庄和冻土带，更不用说骑马用鹰狩猎了。根据时间状语“Over the past 20 years since my arrival”可知，句子应使用现在完成时，主语为I，助动词用have。故填have traveled或have travelled。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：获得中国特别图书奖，这是对外国人的最高文学荣誉，既是一个惊喜，也是一种荣誉。receive“获得”。本空在句中作主语，表泛指的动作，需用动名词形式，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Receiving。 【38题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：通过写作和出版，我们不仅仅是在翻译文字，我们是在翻译世界。此处表示翻译不同的世界，应用名词world“世界”的复数形式worlds，作translate的宾语。故填worlds。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：我的新书《更接近天堂》展示了许多感人的场景，在这些场景中，普通人正在努力改善他们的生活。本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词scenes，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【40题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：书中对个体声音的关注，让这些故事跨越文化界限，引发了广泛共鸣。本句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语emphasis为不可数名词，谓语动词使用make“使得”的第三人称单数形式。故填makes。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：当中国读者说他们通过我的写作了解了自己的国家时，我特别感动。本空修饰形容词moved，应用副词particularly“特别地”，作状语。故填particularly。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这本书成为一本畅销书，并被翻译成多种语言，这表明这些故事可以弥合文化之间的差距。此处表示泛指“一本畅销书”，且bestseller以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：这本书成为一本畅销书，并被翻译成多种语言，这表明这些故事可以弥合文化之间的差距。此处表示“文化之间的差距”，应用介词between“在……之间”。故填between。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：我们分享的每一个故事，出版的每一本书，都让我们的世界在想象中变得更大，在熟悉中变得更小。本空作介词in的宾语，应用名词imagination“想象”。故填imagination。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：就我而言，我很高兴与你们分享这个文字世界。be happy to do sth.为固定短语，意为“很高兴做某事”，所以此处应用动词share“分享”的不定式。故填to share。 Passage 4 【学科融合·人与动物】（2026·北京东城·一模）One day when a group of bees ____11____ (land) on a primary school, not surprisingly, there was panic among the teachers. Though, most of the children watched excitedly as a bee catcher rounded up the uninvited visitors. This unexpected event led to the school integrating beekeeping into the course, ____12____ has resulted in notable benefits. The children study the dance of the bees to decide ____13____ honey source is. They use honey in cooking lessons. They have even opened a school shop that ____14____ (feature) honey. Most of all, the children have become more responsible to others. 【答案】11. landed 12. which 13. where 14. features 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一群蜜蜂降落在一所小学后，引发的一系列事件，以及这些事件给学校和孩子们带来的积极影响。 【11题详解】 考查时态。句意：一天，当一群蜜蜂降落在一所小学时，不出所料，老师们惊慌失措。land(降落)是句中谓语动词，与主语a group of bees之间是主动关系，根据句意和上下文时态可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，应使用一般过去时态。故填landed。 【12题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这一意外事件促使学校将养蜂纳入课程，这带来了显著的好处。空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 【13题详解】 考查名词性从句。句意：孩子们通过观察蜜蜂的舞蹈来判断蜜源在哪里。“ honey source is”是宾语从句，从句缺少表语，结合句意，表示“在哪里”，应用连接副词where引导该从句。故填where。 【14题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：他们甚至开了一家以蜂蜜为特色的学校商店。feature(以……为特色)是定语从句中谓语动词，主语that(指代先行词a school shop)与feature之间是主动关系，根据句意，描述客观事实，应使用一般现在时态，又因主语是单数代词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。故填features。 真题·实战演练 高频考点：定语从句的关系词、名词性从句的连词、状语从句的连词 考向01定语从句的关系词 1. （2026·北京·语法填空）But it is now challenged by the digitalization of the society which allows everyone ___20___ is connected to the Internet to access learning resources. 【答案】who/that 【解析】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：但如今社会数字化正对这一现状提出挑战，数字化让每一位联网的人都能获取学习资源。句中先行词 everyone 指人，关系词在从句 ____ is connected to the Internet 中充当主语；指人、作主语的关系代词用 who / that。故填who/that。 2. （2026·北京·语法填空）However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists 18 left (leave) over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, 19 accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：然而，根据世界野生动物基金会的一份报告，去年游客留下了超过13亿吨的食物垃圾，约占2024年全球气体排放总量的8%。此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词是“1.3 billion tons of food waste”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。 3. （2024·北京卷·语法填空）Tinniswood, 17 doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. 【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：Tinniswood不吸烟，也很少喝酒，他认为适量饮酒有助于他在长寿期间保持健康。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tinniswood，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。 4. （2023·北京卷·语法填空）Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, ____18____ thousands were attending a water conference. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句的关系副词。句意：最近，尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动，数千人在那里参加了一个水会议。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Chicago，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。 5. （2021·北京卷·语法填空）When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything ____12____ happened during the day，trying to link new experiences to old memories. 【答案】that 【解析】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：当你睡觉时，你的大脑会整理白天发生的一切，试图将新经历与旧记忆联系起来。分析句子结构可知，空处需用连接词引导定语从句，先行词是不定代词everything，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以此处需用关系代词that引导定语从句。故填that。 6. （2022·北京卷·语法填空）That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of ____18____ are only good for one use. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：这包括杯子、瓶子和袋子，其中大多数（东西）只能使用一次。分析可知，most of ______are only good for one use在句中为非限制性定语从句；先行词为cups, bottles, and bags，在从句中作介词of的宾语，所以此处用关系代词which。故填which。 7. （2026·全国I卷·语法填空）____62Drawn____ (draw) by the aroma (香味) of street food, they line up in front of stands ____63____ serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup. 【答案】which/that 【解析】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意同上。此处引导限制性定语从句，stands(摊位)是先行词，关系代词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导从句。 8. （2026·全国II卷·语法填空）We move on to tai chi positions, of ____61____ there are forty-two in the style that Angela teaches. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：我们继续学习太极招式，安吉拉教授的这种风格共有四十二式。逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词positions，在从句中作介词of的宾语，用关系代词which。 9. （2026·广东省高州市·语法填空）Impact of The Three-Body Problem in the Overseas Decade”, ____42____ revealed global sales exceeding (超过) 30 million copies and widespread ____43____ (available) in libraries across Europe and the United States. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：发布会上还推出了《〈三体〉海外十年国际影响力报告》，进一步凸显了这部小说的影响力，报告显示，其全球销量已超过3000万册，并在欧洲和美国的图书馆中被广泛收藏。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词the “Report on the International Impact of The Three-Body Problem in the Overseas Decade”，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 10.（2021·北京门头沟区·语法填空） When VR first ____17____ (appear) in flight simulators in 1929, it was seen as a ground-breaking technology and was once expected to revolutionize education. However, it has proven less effective for abstract knowledge ____18____ can be taught just as well traditionally. Instead, VR shines in teaching procedural skills, requiring step-by-step practice. It also excels in social settings — for example, helping ____19____ (individual) practice public speaking or nonverbal communication. Thus, the true value of VR lies not in replacing teachers, but in enhancing how society trains professionals ____20____ its complex needs. 【答案】17. appeared 18. that/which 19. individuals 20. for 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍VR技术的起源、教育应用局限及其在技能训练与社会场景中的真正价值。 【17题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：1929年VR首次出现在飞行模拟器中时，它被视为一项突破性技术，曾有望彻底变革教育。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语in 1929可知，描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，所以谓语动词用appeared。故填appeared。 【18题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：然而，对于那些通过传统方式也能很好传授的抽象知识，它的效果已被证明较差。此处引导定语从句，先行词abstract knowledge指物，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。 【19题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：它在社交场景中也表现出色——例如，帮助人们练习公开演讲或非语言沟通。此处表示“人们、个体”，为可数名词复数概念，所以用individuals。故填individuals。 【20题详解】 考查介词。句意：因此，VR的真正价值不在于取代教师，而在于优化社会培养满足复杂需求专业人才的方式。此处为介词，结合句意，此处表示“为了、满足”，用介词for。故填for。 11. 【新角度:自然科学】（2026·安徽合肥·一模） On hot summer days, when high temperatures often reduce people’s appetite, cold desserts tend to sound far more refreshing than a bowl of hot noodles. In ancient China, nobles enjoyed a special cold food known as Sushan, ____36____ many scholars regard as the earliest form of ice cream. The name Sushan, meaning crispy mountain, originally ____37____ (come) from its shape as well as its breakable structure. It looked like a small mountain of shaved ice ____38____ (combine) with milk, butter and sugar, and ____39____ (make) it more popular on special occasions, it was sometimes decorated with flowers and leaves. During the Tang Dynasty, the emperor’s court ____40____ (far) developed this dessert. Milk was sweetened, sometimes thickened with flour, and then iced through advanced ____41____ (cool) methods. Metal containers holding the mixture were often placed in ice with saltpeter (硝石), ____42____ substance that lowers the freezing point of water. This technique made it possible for the upper class to enjoy cold dishes ____43____ the fact that the weather itself was not that cold. Although Sushan was not exactly the same as modern ice cream, it shared several essential characteristics, and ____44____ (present) in a partly frozen state occasionally. It reflected not only the _____45_____ (innovate) of ancient Chinese people, but also the special status that frozen desserts held in court life. 【答案】36. which 37. came 38. combined 39. to make 40. further 41. cooling 42. a 43. despite 44. was presented 45. innovation 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了中国古代冷饮酥山，被视为最早的冰淇淋雏形。它由冰与奶等制成，唐代宫廷进一步改良，体现了古人的智慧与当时的饮食文化。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在古代中国，贵族们享用一种名为“酥山”的特殊冷食，许多学者认为这种食物是最早的冰淇淋形式。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Sushan，在从句作宾语，指物，故填which。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：“酥山”这个名字意思是“酥脆的山丘”，它的得名源于其形状以及易碎的结构特点。动作发生在过去用一般过去时。故填came。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它看起来就像一堆由碎冰、牛奶、黄油和糖混合而成的“冰山”，为了在特殊场合更受欢迎，有时还会用鲜花和树叶加以装饰。此处combine与a small mountain of shaved ice构成被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填combined。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它看起来就像一堆由碎冰、牛奶、黄油和糖混合而成的“冰山”，为了在特殊场合更受欢迎，有时还会用鲜花和树叶加以装饰。此处make作目的状语，用不定式形式。故填to make。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：在唐朝时期，皇帝的宫廷进一步完善了这种甜点的制作工艺。修饰动词develop，表示“进一步”用副词further。故填further。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：牛奶经过了加糖处理，有时还会用面粉加以增稠，然后通过先进的冷却技术进行冰制。修饰methods用形容词cooling。故填cooling。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：用于盛装混合物的金属容器通常会被置于装有硝石的冰块之中。硝石是一种能降低水的凝固点的物质。此处substance为泛指，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 【43题详解】 考查固定句型。句意：这种技术使得上层阶级即便在天气并不十分寒冷的情况下也能享用冷食。despite the fact that表示“尽管……，即便是……”。故填despite。 【44题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：虽然酥山与现代冰淇淋并非完全相同，但它具备一些共同的特性，并且有时也会以部分冷冻的状态呈现出来。主语it与谓语present构成被动关系，根据上文shared可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was presented。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：它不仅体现了中国古代人民的创新精神，还反映了冰冻甜品在宫廷生活中所具有的特殊地位。作动词reflected的宾语，用名词innovation，不可数。故填innovation。 考向02名词性从句的连词 1.（2025·北京卷·语法填空）The truth, though, is 13 could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest. 【答案】what 【解析】考查表语从句的连词。句意：不过，真相正如所料 —— 这里从来没有其他人。“is”后接表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，用what引导，what在从句中作主语，意为“…… 的事情”。故填what。 2.（2022·北京卷·语法填空）It’s easy to explain how we determine ____15____ smells are dangerous or not: we learn. 【答案】whether 【解析】考查宾语从句的连词。句意：解释我们怎样确定气味是不是危险的是容易的：我们学习到的。分析句子结构可知，空格前的determine为及物动词，空格后是主+系+表的句子结构，所以空格处的词用来引导宾语从句。再结合句意及空格后句子中的or not可知，此处考查whether…or not的搭配。故填whether。 3.（2021·北京卷·语法填空）The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about ____15____ she lived． 【答案】where 【解析】考查宾语从句的连词。句意：这个可怜的老妇人不能说清楚她住在哪里。介词about后是宾语从句，根据句意，此处用where“在哪里；……的地方”符合句意，从句中作地点状语，故填where。 考向03 状语从句的连词 1.（2026·北京顺义区一模）____19____ we shift to recyclable satellites and work to build a healthier relationship with space, we will face even ____20_worse___ (bad) challenges. 【答案】unless 【解析】考查状语从句的连词。句意：除非我们转向可回收卫星，并努力与太空建立更健康的关系，否则我们将面临更严峻的挑战。前后句之间是条件关系，表示“除非……否则……”，应用连词unless引导条件状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Unless。 考向04 并列句的连词 1.（2026·山西运城一模）Like artists working with light, they collect the sunshine that misses the valley ___40___ send a bright, warm ray of light straight down ___41in/into the town square. 【答案】and 【解析】考查连词。句意：它们收集错过山谷的阳光，并将一束明亮温暖的光线直接照射到镇广场上。空处连接两个并列的动词collect和send，应用并列连词and。故填and。 20 / 20网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第08讲 连词 目 录 模拟·基础演练 1 重难·创新演练 3 真题·实战演练 5 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：定语从句的关系词、名词性从句的连词、状语从句的连词、并列连词 考向01 定语从句的关系词 填入一个合适的词 1.（2026·北京）But it is now challenged by the digitalization of the society which allows everyone ___20___ is connected to the Internet to access learning resources. 2. （2026·北京东城·二模）Although each social science focuses on a different aspect of human life, they have much in common. Each builds a body of knowledge ____18____ content consists of general laws, principles, and generalizations describing how facts, trends, and observations are related. 3. （2026·北京西城·二模）Gratitude has a strong positive impact on psychological well-being as well, 16 benefits include increased self-respect, enhanced positive emotions, and a more optimistic outlook on life. 4. （2026·北京海淀区二模）Scientists have been studying a hidden weapon beneath the ocean to tackle climate change. Seagrass, ____15____ occupies less than 0.2% of the ocean floor, is responsible for storing 10% of the ocean’s carbon. 5. （2026·北京朝阳区二模）One day, there came the owner named May, __12__ rare eye condition prevented her from reading the tiny characters. 6. （2026·北京石景山二模）For example, you may find yourself in a job interview ____15____ you’re competing against other applicants. 7. （2026·北京顺义二模）Mollie Ray, a comic artist and author, devotes herself to championing young comic creators. She wants to reach young people ____14____ might not otherwise have access to the arts and give them a voice through comics. 8.（2026·北京房山二模）Studies suggest that, under the right conditions, blue spaces can also reduce noise in urban areas, help improve air quality, and cool down hot climates — all of ____20____ contribute to physical health. 9. （2019·北京海淀区一模）However, those ____18____ don’t screen incoming ideas will end up believing things not only false, but also ____19____ (danger). 10. （2026·北京延庆区一模）He Jiaolong, a former deputy mayor of Zhaosu County in Xinjiang ____14____ dedicated herself to boosting local agriculture, became an internet celebrity. 11. （2026·北京通州区一模）Sitting down to enjoy such a meal allows us to honor those ____11____ grew the food and the effort behind it. 12. （2026·北京顺义区一模）He then started a woodworking school, ____15____ the lessons learned over a lifetime are passed on. 13.（2026·北京石景山区一模）Thomas, ____19____ own house was flooding, drove back several times to rescue people of the town where he’d grown up, delivering them safely to ____20unfolded____ (unflood) shelters. 考向02 名词性从句的连词 1. （2026·北京东城·二模）The next gesture is ____12____ I will never forget: the students proceeded to trade shoes with each other to match my crazy situation. 2. （2026·北京西城区·二模）This is thanks to Xpeng’s custom AI robotics architecture, which enables it to interpret visual inputs and respond physically without needing to first translate 20 it sees into language. 3. （2026·北京海淀区二模）Most people change habits by focusing on outcomes — what they want to achieve. The alternative is identity-based habits — focusing on ____18____ you wish to become. 4. （2026·北京朝阳区二模）“I want to know __13__ I come from,” she whispered. 5. （2026·北京石景山二模）What matters is ____16____ you can manage to see the hiring manager first or last. 6.（2026·北京顺义二模）Her advice to young people is to keep practicing and put time into ____17____ makes them happy. 7. （2019·北京海淀区一模）These two mindsets seem to be in conflict, but support each other nicely, which is ____20____ you should strive to transform yourself into an open-minded critical thinker if you wish to strengthen your mind. 8.（2026·北京延庆区一模）If we treat AI as an all-powerful adviser, we risk forgetting ____18____ to question, reason, and recognize. 9. （2026·北京通州区一模）In this way, slow food reminds us ____13____ taking time to cook and eat well is also a way to respect others and care for ourselves. 10. （2026·北京通州区一模）In this way, slow food reminds us ____13____ taking time to cook and eat well is also a way to respect others and care for ourselves. 11. （2026·北京石景山区一模）Combinations of factors unique to individuals — age, gender, medical condition — affect ____16____ we experience temperature. 考向03 状语从句的连词 1.（2026·北京房山二模）For starters, ____17_spending___ (spend) time in blue spaces encourages movement — ____18____ you’re walking around a lake or swimming in it — and physical activity is vital for a healthier body and brain. 考向04 并列句的连词 1.（2026·四川巴中一模）Tracing the rise of the Qin Empire, the exhibition showcased ten original Terracotta Warriors ____37____ various ceremonial objects discovered in the imperial tomb. 重难·创新演练 设题创新: 思维方式（T1）；性格(P1); 修复地球(P2); 人际交往(T3)；中国文化宣传（兵马俑）（T4）；中国文化遗产（T5） 学科融合:社会科学(T2);自然科学(P3)；人与动物（P4） 一、填入1个合适的词 1. 【新情境·思维方式】（2026·北京丰台·一模）____15____ this qualification offers are the tools and thinking styles ____16designed___ (design) to help you make sense of complex information. 2.【学科融合:社会科学】（2026·北京丰台·一模）Heartbroken, we later stopped at a service station ____19____ a biker gang had pulled in. 3. 【新角度:人际交往】（2026·北京朝阳区·一模）Moving to a new school is a challenging experience, and for James, there was no exception. The first few days, he felt uncertain about ____11____ he could connect with others. 4．【新情境·3D与兵马俑】（2026·四川巴中·一模）Advances in research and museum technology have enabled the Budapest exhibition ____39to introduce____ (introduce) new interpretive elements. Among them was a world-premiere 3D light projection, ____40____ restored the original colors of the Terracotta Warriors on life-size replicas (复制品). 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 【新情境·性格】（2026·北京房山区·一模）Personality is the characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings and behaviour ____14____ make a person unique. Understanding personality allows us to predict ____15____ people will respond to certain situations and the sorts of things they prefer and value. For example, a neurotic person feels worried more frequently than others, while an agreeable person in general feels more content. An outgoing person may jump for joy when ____16____ (face) new experiences, while a shy person may feel embarrassed in front of a large group of people. Passage 2 【新情境·修复地球】（2026·北京朝阳区·一模） Tourism is one of the world’s ____11____ (big) industries, and a highly polluting one. Now the “Rewilding Portugal” project, ____12____ tourists help restore degraded farmland by planting native trees, turns tourists into active participants in repairing the planet. In return, the tourists stay in renewable-powered accommodations. Critics argue that the project is just a marketing trick. But supporters believe it offers a way ____13____ (make) travel meaningful, by turning it into an opportunity to learn, connect, and contribute. Passage 3 【新情境·中国文化】（2026·辽宁沈阳·一模） I came to China to tell stories but ended up living them. Over the past 20 years since my arrival, I ____36____ (travel) to every province, collecting extraordinary experiences, from mountains and forests to remote villages and tundras (冻土), not to mention hunting with eagles on horseback. These stories didn’t just become popular videos. They rewrote my life. ____37____ (receive) China’s Special Book Award, the highest literary honor for foreigners, was both a surprise and an honor. This has opened new access to cultural exchange. Through writing and publishing, we don’t just translate words — we translate ____38____ (world). My latest book, Closer to Heaven, demonstrates many moving scenes ____39____ ordinary people are making efforts to improve their lives. Its emphasis on individual voices ____40____ (make) these stories resonate (共鸣) across cultures. I was ____41____ (particular) moved when Chinese readers said they learned about their own country through my writing. The book’s success in becoming ____42____ bestseller, as well as its translation into many languages, shows that these stories can bridge the gap ____43____ cultures. Every story we share, every book we publish, makes our world larger in ____44____ (imagine) and smaller in familiarity. And I, for one, am happy ____45____ (share) this world of words with you. Passage 4 【学科融合·人与动物】（2026·北京东城·一模）One day when a group of bees ____11____ (land) on a primary school, not surprisingly, there was panic among the teachers. Though, most of the children watched excitedly as a bee catcher rounded up the uninvited visitors. This unexpected event led to the school integrating beekeeping into the course, ____12____ has resulted in notable benefits. The children study the dance of the bees to decide ____13____ honey source is. They use honey in cooking lessons. They have even opened a school shop that ____14____ (feature) honey. Most of all, the children have become more responsible to others. 真题·实战演练 高频考点：定语从句的关系词、名词性从句的连词、状语从句的连词 考向01定语从句的关系词 1. （2026·北京·语法填空）But it is now challenged by the digitalization of the society which allows everyone ___20___ is connected to the Internet to access learning resources. 2. （2026·北京·语法填空）However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists 18 left (leave) over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, 19 accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. 3. （2024·北京卷·语法填空）Tinniswood, 17 doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. 4. （2023·北京卷·语法填空）Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, ____18____ thousands were attending a water conference. 5. （2021·北京卷·语法填空）When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything ____12____ happened during the day，trying to link new experiences to old memories. 6. （2022·北京卷·语法填空）That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of ____18____ are only good for one use. 7. （2026·全国I卷·语法填空）____62Drawn____ (draw) by the aroma (香味) of street food, they line up in front of stands ____63____ serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup. 8. （2026·全国II卷·语法填空）We move on to tai chi positions, of ____61____ there are forty-two in the style that Angela teaches. 9. （2026·广东省高州市·语法填空）Impact of The Three-Body Problem in the Overseas Decade”, ____42____ revealed global sales exceeding (超过) 30 million copies and widespread ____43____ (available) in libraries across Europe and the United States. 10.（2021·北京门头沟区·语法填空） When VR first ____17____ (appear) in flight simulators in 1929, it was seen as a ground-breaking technology and was once expected to revolutionize education. However, it has proven less effective for abstract knowledge ____18____ can be taught just as well traditionally. Instead, VR shines in teaching procedural skills, requiring step-by-step practice. It also excels in social settings — for example, helping ____19____ (individual) practice public speaking or nonverbal communication. Thus, the true value of VR lies not in replacing teachers, but in enhancing how society trains professionals ____20____ its complex needs. 11. 【新角度:自然科学】（2026·安徽合肥·一模） On hot summer days, when high temperatures often reduce people’s appetite, cold desserts tend to sound far more refreshing than a bowl of hot noodles. In ancient China, nobles enjoyed a special cold food known as Sushan, ____36____ many scholars regard as the earliest form of ice cream. The name Sushan, meaning crispy mountain, originally ____37____ (come) from its shape as well as its breakable structure. It looked like a small mountain of shaved ice ____38____ (combine) with milk, butter and sugar, and ____39____ (make) it more popular on special occasions, it was sometimes decorated with flowers and leaves. During the Tang Dynasty, the emperor’s court ____40____ (far) developed this dessert. Milk was sweetened, sometimes thickened with flour, and then iced through advanced ____41____ (cool) methods. Metal containers holding the mixture were often placed in ice with saltpeter (硝石), ____42____ substance that lowers the freezing point of water. This technique made it possible for the upper class to enjoy cold dishes ____43____ the fact that the weather itself was not that cold. Although Sushan was not exactly the same as modern ice cream, it shared several essential characteristics, and ____44____ (present) in a partly frozen state occasionally. It reflected not only the _____45_____ (innovate) of ancient Chinese people, but also the special status that frozen desserts held in court life. 考向02名词性从句的连词 1.（2025·北京卷·语法填空）The truth, though, is 13 could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest. 2.（2022·北京卷·语法填空）It’s easy to explain how we determine ____15____ smells are dangerous or not: we learn. 3.（2021·北京卷·语法填空）The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about ____15____ she lived． 考向03 状语从句的连词 1.（2026·北京顺义区一模）____19____ we shift to recyclable satellites and work to build a healthier relationship with space, we will face even ____20_worse___ (bad) challenges. 考向04 并列句的连词 1.（2026·山西运城一模）Like artists working with light, they collect the sunshine that misses the valley ___40___ send a bright, warm ray of light straight down ___41in/into the town square. 20 / 20网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $