Unit 3 The World of Science Using language现在完成时态被动语态学案 2025-2026学年高中英语外研版必修三

该高中英语导学案聚焦外研社必修三unit3现在完成时态被动语态，通过复习现在完成时与被动语态基础知识点导入，围绕定义、构成、主谓规则及时间标志词构建知识支架，衔接旧知与新知，帮助学生系统掌握语法核心内容。 资料特色在于分四大场景配经典例句解析用法，结合高考真题与分层练习强化应用，易错总结针对性规避常见错误，有效提升学生语言理解与表达能力，培养分析问题的思维品质，助力高效掌握语法并应用于写作和语法填空。

外研社必修三unit3语法知识学案 现在完成时态被动语态 考点一：定义与基本构成 1. 定义 现在完成时被动语态，用来表示过去发生的被动动作，持续到现在，或对现在造成影响、结果，重点突出动作的承受者。 2. 基本构成 肯定句：主语 + have/has been + 过去分词 否定句：主语 + have/has not been + 过去分词 一般疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + been + 过去分词？ 3. 主谓规则 主语为第三人称单数（单数名词/不可数名词/it）→ 用 has been done 主语为复数/第一、二人称 → 用 have been done 4. 常用时间标志词 already, yet, just, recently, so far, up to now, in the past/last few years, since…, for+时间段 考点二：四大核心使用场景（配经典例句） 结合课本核心用法，适配高考写作与语法填空 场景1：不知道/无需说明动作执行者 ________________________________________（这类书籍已为儿童编写。） 场景2：强调动作承受者，弱化执行者 ________________________________________（所有产品均已检测完毕。） 场景3：动作执行者模糊、不明确 ________________________________________（这封信被人拆开了。） 场景4：礼貌委婉，刻意省略执行者 ________________________________________（已多次告知他们不要喧哗。） （例句） Such books have been written for children. All these products have been tested. The letter has been opened. They have been told many times not to make noises. 考点三：经典真题 请写出正确答案，并梳理解题思路 1. Over the past decades, many new schools ________ (build) in rural areas. 2. So far, much progress ________ (make) in environmental protection. 3. Sarah ________ (tell) many times not to be late for school. 4. A lot of new technologies ________ (apply) to daily life in recent years. 考点四：语法填空专项练习 用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. All my homework ________ (finish) already. 2. Many trees ________ (plant) in our school since last spring. 3. No decision ________ (make) about the coming trip yet. 4. The old library ________ (repair) up to now, so we can’t enter it. 5. Thousands of books ________ (donate) to the village school in the past two years. 考点五：句子造句专项（写作必练） 根据中文提示，用现在完成时被动语态造句 1. 这项规则已经被大多数学生遵守。 ________________________________________ 2. 近年来，我们的城市发生了巨大的变化（被改造）。 ________________________________________ 3. 至今为止，所有问题都已解决。 ________________________________________ 4. 这部短片已经被多次观看。 ________________________________________ 5. 学生们已经被鼓励多参与课外活动。 ________________________________________ 考点六：语法填空练习 （结合其它时态和语法知识） 1. So far, thousands of traditional crafts ________ (pass) down by local elders, and they （ attract） lots of tourists every year. 2. The bridge ________ (build) ten years ago, but it ________ (repair) twice in the past three years. 3. Many new words ________ (add) to the dictionary since experts started the revision work. 4. Up to now, no one ________ (invite) to attend the online meeting, which makes us confused. 5. In recent years, many outdoor sports ________ (become) popular, and strict safety rules ________ (make) to protect players. 6. The Xi’an City Wall stands as the best-preserved ancient city wall in China. It 1. ______ (build) in the Tang Dynasty to defend the whole city. Up to now, the wall 2. ______ (completely, restore) by local workers. In recent years, many cultural facilities 3. ______ (set) up along the wall. Lots of old paintings and ancient tools 4. ______ (collect) and displayed in the wall museum. Tourists from home and abroad 5. ______ (attract) to visit it every year. There is a bicycle path on top of the wall, 6. ______ allows visitors to cycle around the whole city. Many visitors choose 7. ______ (ride) bikes at sunset, enjoying the amazing views. Local people attach great importance 8. ______ protecting this historic landmark. So far, few serious damages 9. ______ (cause) to the wall thanks to strict protection rules. It 10. ______ (regard) as a treasure of Chinese civilization. 7. 2026年5月重庆巴蜀中学高三月考（九）英语-语法填空 The seats of the Concertgebouw’s main auditorium 56._____(occupy) by students preparing for upcoming exams as classical music fills the hall. The students aren’t being rude by ignoring the musicians on stage. They’re meant to be studying—and the music is intended 57._____(assist) rather than distract them. The study sessions have been 58._____ hit ever since their launch in 2023. During a recent session, musicians played German composer Johann Pachelbel’s Canon in D. The sounds filled a space 59._____ ceiling and walls are decorated with elegant paintings and golden details. As the musicians played, more students wandered into the concert hall, some 60._____(hold) cups of coffee along with their computers and books. 61._____(sign) advertise the password of the venue’s free WiFi network. A ticket for the session is just 2.50 euros. The music helped 21-year-old Mulder focus on a project for her degree. She said that the music, combined with just being somewhere different from 62._____ she usually studies, helped her enjoy learning and music at the same time 63._____ feeling distracted. “It’s a really quiet environment and nice, quiet music,” Mulder said. “So that helps me to concentrate.” Professor Bas Bloem, a neurologist, says: “It is not a one-size-fits-all. I don’t think it’s been 64._____(good) researched, but I think the calming music creates a state of flow. When you reach a state of flow, you can go on endlessly and be enormously 65._____(produce).” 8. 2026年5月福建省厦门市高三质检英语-语法填空 When a Spanish netizen posted a photo of herself wearing a pink, silk jacket, it quickly caught on. The 56._____(fashion) sportswear, which features a straight-button front, drew many praises, 57._____ people curious about the designer. This reflects a rising trend in Western fashion, 58._____ Chinese features such as the Mandarin collar（立领）, frog buttons and symmetrical（对称的）fronts are appearing. “New Chinese Style” is not new in China. It emerged at the start of the 21st century, gained strength around 2015, and 59._____(be) on an upward trend since 2021. The term has no precise 60._____(define), but can be seen as combining traditional Chinese elements with modern design language. Compared with traditional clothing, “New Chinese Style” emphasizes simplicity and practicality for everyday wear. The style goes for more accessible materials, making the clothing easier 61._____(wear) daily. “New Chinese Style” reflects a shift in mindset among Chinese people—they are moving from 62._____(view) merely as subjects of aesthetic（美学的）appreciation to becoming creators of their own aesthetic language. Yang Jie, 63._____ associate professor at the Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, said that Western luxury brands have long explored Chinese elements. “It’s not 64._____(simple) a fashion trend,” Yang said. “It speaks to changes in the global landscape. As China’s influence continues to grow, Chinese culture is becoming more visible 65._____ recognized around the world.” 9. 2026年5月山东省烟台市高三二模英语-语法填空 In Limpopo, a key food-producing province of South Africa, traditional farming has long been troubled by low mechanization, resource waste and extreme weather. 56._____(address) these issues, the South African National Space Agency signed an agreement with China Satellite Navigation Office for cooperation in satellite navigation. Limpopo was selected 57._____ the first pilot area for digitised agriculture. Profound changes 58._____(take) place in South African farmland since 2024, thanks to the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS). It enables real-time monitoring of crop growth, fertilization and insect pests. When 59._____(work) with intelligent agricultural machinery, it can achieve linear sowing with centimeter-level accuracy according to the preset path, making better use of seeds. Other functions involve smart irrigation and disaster warning. Relying on BDS positioning and remote sensing data, farmland can 60._____(divide) into multiple grids ( 网格). When the humidity（湿度）data are transmitted to a cloud platform, local farmers can 61._____(remote) control irrigation equipment via a mobile phone app, 62._____ significantly reduces water consumption. The system can also use meteorological satellite data to provide advance warning of drought or heavy rainfall, allowing farmers to adjust their farming plans in time. Local farmers have benefited a lot. 63._____(back) by the Green Technology Confucius Institute, the two countries have launched extensive cooperation in education, talent training and technological transfer. To sum up, the application of BDS is more than 64._____ technical upgrade. It drives agricultural 65._____(modernize), helping South Africa’s agriculture connect with the global digital trend. 【参考答案】 考点三 1. 答案：have been built 解析：时间标志Over the past decades（过去几十年）→ 现在完成时；schools与build为被动关系（学校被建造）；主语复数，用have been built。 2. 答案：has been made 解析：So far（迄今为止）→ 现在完成时；progress为不可数名词，与make被动（进步被取得），单数用has been made。 3. 答案：has been told 解析：many times表动作重复发生且影响现在；主语Sarah单数，与tell被动（被告知），用has been told。 4. 答案：have been applied 解析：in recent years（近年来）→ 现在完成时；technologies复数，与apply被动（技术被应用），用have been applied。 考点四：语法填空专项练习【答案+解析】 1.答案：has been finished 解析：homework不可数，already为完成时标志，作业被完成，被动。 2. 答案：have been planted 解析：since+过去时间，完成时标志；trees复数，树木被种植，被动。 3. 答案：has been made 解析：yet用于现在完成时否定句；decision单数，决定被做出，被动。 4. 答案：has been repaired 解析：up to now（至今）完成时标志；library单数，图书馆被修缮，被动。 5. 答案：have been donated 解析：in the past two years完成时标志；books复数，书籍被捐赠，被动。 考点五：句子造句专项【参考范文】 1. Most of the students have obeyed this rule.（主动）→ This rule has been obeyed by most students.（被动，标准答案） 2. Great changes have been made to our city in recent years. 3. All the problems have been solved so far. 4. This short video has been watched many times. 5. Students have been encouraged to take part in more after-school activities. 学霸易错总结（高频扣分点） 1. 漏写been：现在完成被动必须有been，have/has + 过去分词为主动，极易混淆； 2. 主谓一致：不可数名词、单数名词一律用has been done； 3. 标志词混淆：in the past few years/so far只用于现在完成时，不用于一般过去时； 4. 造句误区：无需强行加执行者（by sb.），多数高考场景省略执行者更地道。 考点六：综合语法填空【答案+超详细解析】 本模块重点区分：主动/被动、过去时/现在完成时，突破学生最易混淆的综合考点 1. 答案：have been passed；attract 解析：标志词So far（迄今为止）→ 现在完成时；主语crafts（手工艺）与pass down（传承）为被动关系；主语复数，故用have been passed。第二空时间状语为every year，用一般现在时。 2. 答案：was built；have been repaired 解析：第一空ten years ago为一般过去时标志，桥梁被建造，用一般过去时被动was built；第二空in the past three years为现在完成时标志，桥梁被修缮，主语单数，用has been repaired。核心考点：同一题干混搭两种时态被动语态。 3. 答案：have been added 解析：since引导时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时；单词被收录、被添加，为被动语态；words复数，用have been added。 4. 答案：has been invited 解析：Up to now为现在完成时标志；no one作主语视为单数，人与邀请是被动关系，用has been invited。 5. 答案：have become；have been made 解析：第一空sports与become为主动关系，无被动，in recent years用现在完成时have become；第二空rules与make为被动关系，规章被制定，用现在完成时被动have been made。核心考点：同一题干混搭主动、被动语态。 6.答案与语法解析 was built 一般过去时被动 has been completely restored 【重点：现在完成时被动】 have been set 【现在完成时被动】 have been collected 【现在完成时被动】 are attracted 一般现在时被动 which 定语从句关系代词 to ride 非谓语不定式 to 固定搭配介词 have been caused 【现在完成时被动】 is regarded 一般现在时被动 7. 2026年5月重庆巴蜀中学高三月考（九）英语-语法填空 56. are occupied 57. to assist 58. a 59. whose 60. holding 61. Signs 62. where 63. without 64. well 65. productive 主题语境：人与社会——文学、艺术与体育 【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是阿姆斯特丹音乐厅在考试季推出学习专场，让大学生伴着古典音乐复习备考，并受到普遍欢迎。 第56题.are occupied 动词的时态和语态。解析：主语The seats与动词occupy之间为被动关系，表示“座位被学生占据”，且此处描述当前常规活动，应用一般现在时；主语为复数，故填are occupied。 第57题.to assist 非谓语动词（不定式）。解析：“be intended to do sth.”为固定结构，意为“旨在做某事”，与并列结构“rather than distract”保持一致，故用不定式to assist。 第58题.a 冠词。解析：hit在此处为可数名词，意为“极受欢迎的事物”，此处泛指“一次成功”，且hit以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。 第59题.whose 定语从句关系词。解析：空格所在句为定语从句，先行词a space与ceiling and walls之间存在所属关系，即“空间的天花板和墙壁”，故用关系代词whose引导。 第60题.holding 非谓语动词（现在分词作状语）。解析：“some ______ cups of coffee”为独立主格结构或伴随状语，some与hold为主动关系，表示伴随状态，故用现在分词 holding。 第61题.Signs 名词单复数。解析：谓语动词advertise为原形，且其前无冠词或其他限定词，主语需用复数名词表示泛指，句首单词首字母大写，故填Signs，意为“指示牌”。 第62题.where 名词性从句连接词。解析：from后接宾语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，表示“与她通常学习的地方不同”，故用连接副词where引导宾语从句。 第63题.without 介词。解析：句意为“音乐让她在享受学习与音乐的同时，没有感到分心”，“没有”应用介词without，后接动名词feeling distracted，故填without。 第64题.well 形容词与副词转换。解析：修饰过去分词researched应用副词，good的副词形式为well，well researched表示“充分研究过”，故填well。 第65题.productive 词性转换（动词变形容词）。解析：be动词后需用形容词作表语，produce的形容词形式是productive，表示“富有成效的”，与be动词构成系表结构，故填productive。 8. 2026年5月福建省厦门市高三质检英语-语法填空答案解析 【参考答案】 56. fashionable 57. with 58. where 59. has been 60. definition 61. to wear 62. being viewed 63. an 64. simply 65. and 主题语境：人与社会——跨文化沟通、文化传播与流行时尚 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是一种融合中国传统元素与现代设计的“新中式”时尚风格正在国内外兴起，它反映了国人文化自信的提升和全球文化格局的变化。 第56题.fashionable 词性转换（名词变形容词）。解析：此处需要形容词来修饰名词“sportswear”，表示“时尚的运动装”。因此，将提示词“fashion”变为形容词“fashionable”。 第57题.with “with+宾语+宾补”复合结构。解析：此处是“with+宾语+形容词”构成的复合结构作伴随状语，补充说明“引来众多赞美”的具体表现，即“使得人们对设计师感到好奇”。 第58题.where 定语从句关系副词。解析：此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词“a rising trend”。从句中不缺少主语或宾语，缺少的是表示抽象地点的状语，意为“在这种趋势中”，故用关系副词“where”引导。 第59题.has been 动词时态。解析：时间状语“since 2021”提示动作从过去持续到现在，要用现在完成时。主语为单数“It”，故填“has been”。 第60题.definition 词性转换（动词变名词）。解析：形容词“precise”和“no”都提示这里应填名词作宾语。动词“define”的名词形式是“definition”，表示“精准的定义”。 第61题.to wear 非谓语动词（固定句式）。解析：在“making the clothing+宾语补足语”结构中，“clothing”与“wear”是逻辑上的被动关系，但“make sth.+adj.+to do”为固定句式，用不定式的主动形式表达被动含义，意为“使衣服更容易日常穿着”。 第62题.being viewed 非谓语动词（动名词的被动语态）。解析：前面是介词“from”，后面需用动名词形式。主语“they”和动词“view”之间是被动关系（他们被视为艺术品），因此用动名词的被动式“being viewed”。 第63题.an 冠词。解析：此处表示一位副教授，是泛指，且“associate”以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词“an”。 第64题.simply 词性转换（形容词变副词）。解析：空格修饰副词“not”，进一步修饰整个句子，需用副词形式。“simple”的副词是“simply”，表示“不仅仅是一种时尚趋势”。 第65题.and 并列连词。解析：“visible”（可见的）和“recognized”（被认可的）是两个并列的形容词，为并列关系，意为“越来越可见并被认可”，故用连词“and”连接。 9. 2026年5月山东省烟台市高三二模英语-语法填空答案解析 【参考答案】 56. To address 57. as 58. have taken 59. working 60. be divided 61. remotely 62. which 63. Backed 64. a 65. modernization/modernisation 主题语境：人与社会——科学与技术 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了北斗卫星导航系统在南非林波波省数字化农业中的应用，包括精准播种、智能灌溉、灾害预警等，以及它如何推动当地农业现代化，加强中南两国合作。 第56题.To address 非谓语动词作目的状语。解析：句中已有谓语动词signed，此处需用非谓语形式。根据句意“为了解决这些问题”，应用动词不定式表示目的，且位于句首，首字母需大写，故填To address。 第57题.as 介词固定搭配。解析：be selected as...意为“被选为……”，介词as后接名词短语 the first pilot area，表示“作为第一个试点地区”。 第58题.have taken 动词时态。解析：时间状语since 2024是现在完成时的标志。主语changes为复数，故谓语用have taken。take place无被动语态。 第59题.working 状语从句的省略。解析：When引导的时间状语从句中，若主从句主语一致且从句含有be动词，可省略主语和be。it (BDS)与work之间为主动关系，完整形式为When it is working...，故省略为When working。 第60题.be divided 含情态动词的被动语态。解析：主语farmland与divide之间为被动关系，指“农田被划分成网格”，情态动词can后接be+过去分词构成被动语态，故填be divided。 第61题.remotely 形容词变副词。解析：修饰动词control需用副词形式，remote的副词为remotely，表示“远程地控制灌溉设备”。 第62题.which 非限制性定语从句的关系词。解析：此处关系词指代前面整个主句的内容（即“农民通过手机 app 远程控制灌溉设备”这一情况），并在从句中作主语，故用which引导。 第63题.Backed 过去分词作状语。解析：(Be) backed by... 意为“在……的支持下”，主语the two countries与back之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，位于句首首字母大写。 第64题.a 冠词。解析：句中upgrade为可数名词单数，泛指“一次技术升级”，且technical以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。more than a technical upgrade表示“不仅仅是一次技术升级”。 第65题.modernization/modernisation 词性转换（动词变名词）。解析：形容词agricultural后需接名词作drives的宾语，modernize的名词形式为modernization/modernisation，构成agricultural modernization/modernisation，意为“农业现代化”。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $