Unit 3 The world of science Grammar 现在完成时的被动语态练习-2025-2026学年高一英语外研版必修第三册

Unit 3 The world of science 现在完成时的被动语态 一、单句语法填空 1．With a history of over 1,500 years, it (pass) down from generation to generation. 2．Both online and offline registration channels (make) available since it was officially open to the public,and more than eighty percent of qualified applicants have already registered for the benefit. 3．The government’s promise that there would be no new taxes this year (break). 4．Four classical plays, including The Peony Pavilion, (update) and restored in the past few years. 5．The Wi-Fi password (confirm) by the librarian recently, so students can search for academic papers and finish group project in the library conveniently. 6．Some advanced teaching equipment, together with three new books, (send) to the schools in the faraway area by now. 7．So far the topic “EDG wins” (view) more than 263 billion times on Sina Weibo, ranking the top trending topic. . 8．Compared with the past, our daily life (transform) greatly by science and technology so far. 9．All the preparations for the project (finish) so far, and we can start it next week. 10．Up to now, all the tickets for the concert (sell) out, so we have to wait for the next round. 11．Nearly 500,000 high-quality digital photographs (produce) since the international project started in 1994. 12．More than one worker (be) praised by the manager for their hard work this month. 13．More than one type of polluting materials (prohibit) in production to date. 14．So far, all possible methods (try) to prevent the animals from dying out. 15．He (regard) as the most successful writer since his book hit the Internet. 16．The Sound of Silence is one of the best films that (show) so far this year. 17．As a father, nothing has made him more proud than the fact that three of his four children (admit) into Peking University. 18．Large quantities of information (offer) to the government since last year. 19．So far everyone else in my class (invite) except me, and I don’t know why. 20．The company (target) by animal rights groups for its use of dogs in drug trials since 2018. 21．It (prove) that eating vegetables in childhood helps protect you against serious illness in later life. 22．Single use surgical masks (find) thrown around pavements, waterways and beaches worldwide since countries began ordering their use in public places. 23．Up to now, most of the suggestions made by the students (consider) by the school. 24．Should the brothers have been (qualified) or highly praised for their actions? 25．If you (betray), you are the victim of your circumstance. 26．Three women and their children (rescue) from the burning house by the firemen since the fire broke out. 27．The new technology, which (apply) to rice growing since it was created, is increasing the grain output. 28．Up to now, about 3, 000 people (punish) because of their eating, smoking or selling goods on the subway. 29．All means (try) to get him to change his mind, but none has worked. 30．It (reveal) that a growing number of people are overweight. 31．Much to their delight, their new project (approve) at the conference, the excited scholars decided to hays a barbecue to celebrate the fantastic moment. 32．You are expected to copy the words in the passage that (underline). 33．Large amounts of food (transport) to the earthquake-striken area in the past few weeks. 34．This reflects the “China Chic” phenomenon (accept) by the younger generation in recent years. 35．Another 192 residents, who had close contact with the three sick people, （put）under medical observation up to now. 36．So far, a third road system （establish）to improve the flow of traffic. 37．Great as Newton was, many of his ideas (challenge) today and are being modified by the scientists of today. 38．There is evidence that a large amount of money (charge) for breaking the traffic rules over the past few months. 39．It (damage) partly by natural forces like earthquakes, but the greatest damage of all has been caused by man. 40．People’s life (improve) greatly since the Internet and personal computers made their appearance. 二、完成句子 41．这些数据刚刚被披露出来。 These figures have just . 42．既然这个问题已经解决，让我们进入下一个吧。 , let’s go to the next. 43．(学校)为孩子们买了大量的故事书。 A large quantity of storybooks for the children. 44．这个学期我们要举行一次英语演讲比赛，但何时何地举行还没定。 We’ll have an English speech contest this term, but when and where to hold it . 45．这样的事从来没有听说过。 Such a thing . 46．自从你离开后，这里发生了很大的变化。 Great changes since . 47．每个花盆每天都浇水。 Each pot . 48．这机器是为水下使用而改装的。 This machine using underwater. 49． is announced that . 据宣布计划已经顺利实施。 50．多亏了老师的不断鼓舞，他的信心逐渐得到增强。    the teacher’s constant encouragement, his confidence has been      gradually. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 The world of science 现在完成时的被动语态 一、单句语法填空 1．With a history of over 1,500 years, it (pass) down from generation to generation. 【答案】has been passed 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这项艺术有着1500多年的历史，代代相传。空处作谓语，根据时间状语over 1,500 years可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态，主语it指代剪纸艺术，为单数，与pass down是被动关系，需用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been passed。 2．Both online and offline registration channels (make) available since it was officially open to the public,and more than eighty percent of qualified applicants have already registered for the benefit. 【答案】have been made 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：自正式向公众开放以来，线上线下登记渠道均已开通，超过80%的符合条件的申请人已经登记享受福利。根据时间状语“since it was officially open to the public”可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态，主语Both online and offline registration channels和make之间是被动关系，所以空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态的被动语态：have/has been done，主语是复数，所以此处助动词需用have。故填have been made。 3．The government’s promise that there would be no new taxes this year (break). 【答案】has been broken 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：政府今年不会征收新税的承诺已经被违背了。句子的主语The government’s promise与谓语动词break之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；结合语境，承诺被违背的结果对现在造成了影响，应用现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为have/has been+过去分词，主语为单数，助动词用has，break的过去分词为broken。故填has been broken。 4．Four classical plays, including The Peony Pavilion, (update) and restored in the past few years. 【答案】have been updated 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：在过去几年里，包括《牡丹亭》在内的四部经典剧目都进行了重新改编和修复。根据时间状语in the past few years可知，应用现在完成时，句子主语Four classical plays为复数名词，且和update之间为被动关系，故填have been updated。 5．The Wi-Fi password (confirm) by the librarian recently, so students can search for academic papers and finish group project in the library conveniently. 【答案】has been confirmed 【详解】考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：Wi-Fi密码最近得到了图书馆管理员的确认，所以学生们可以在图书馆方便地搜索学术论文并完成小组项目。根据recently可知，时态用现在完成时，主语The Wi-Fi password和动词confirm“确认”之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has been confirmed。 6．Some advanced teaching equipment, together with three new books, (send) to the schools in the faraway area by now. 【答案】has been sent 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：一些先进的教学设备和三本新书到现在为止已经被送到偏远地区的学校了。空处为句子谓语，“together with”连接两个主语时，谓语动词的形式应与前面的主语保持一致，所以主语“Some advanced teaching equipment”为单数形式；再根据时间状语“by now”可知，句子应使用现在完成时；且主语“Some advanced teaching equipment”与动词“send”之间为被动关系，表示“被送到”，所以应用现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为“have/has been+过去分词”，因主语为单数，所以助动词用has。故填has been sent。 7．So far the topic “EDG wins” (view) more than 263 billion times on Sina Weibo, ranking the top trending topic. . 【答案】has been viewed 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，“EDG夺冠”这一话题在新浪微博上的浏览量已超过2630亿次，位居热门话题榜首。根据时间状语So far可知，句子应用现在完成时，且主语the topic和动词view之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语the topic是单数，助动词用has。故填has been viewed。 8．Compared with the past, our daily life (transform) greatly by science and technology so far. 【答案】has been transformed 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：与过去相比，迄今为止我们的日常生活已经被科学技术极大地改变了。设空处为谓语，主语“our daily life”与动词transform构成被动关系，应使用被动语态。时间状语“so far”表示“迄今为止”，强调从过去持续到现在的结果，应使用现在完成时，主语是不可数名词，助动词使用has。故填has been transformed。 9．All the preparations for the project (finish) so far, and we can start it next week. 【答案】have been finished 【详解】考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，这个项目的所有准备工作已经完成，我们下周就可以开始了。由so far可知，时态是现在完成时，准备工作是被完成，因此空格处是现在完成时的被动语态，主语preparations是复数，因此空格处是have been finished。故填have been finished。 10．Up to now, all the tickets for the concert (sell) out, so we have to wait for the next round. 【答案】have been sold 【详解】考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，音乐会的票已经卖完了，所以我们不得不等待下一轮。由Up to now可知，时态用现在完成时，票是被卖完，因此空格处用现在完成时的被动语态，主语tickets是复数，助动词使用have。故填have been sold。 11．Nearly 500,000 high-quality digital photographs (produce) since the international project started in 1994. 【答案】have been produced 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：自1994年国际项目启动以来，已经制作了近50万张高质量的数码照片。根据时间状语“since the international project started in 1994”可知，句子应使用现在完成时，主语photographs与动词produce“制作”之间是被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是复数形式，助动词用have。故填have been produced。 12．More than one worker (be) praised by the manager for their hard work this month. 【答案】has been 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：本月，不止一位员工因工作努力受到了经理的表扬。“more than one”是固定短语，译为“不止一个”，该短语后需接名词单数，且作主语时谓语动词用单数形式，结合时间状语this month可知，此处表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时，且主语More than one worker与praise之间是被动关系。故填 has been。 13．More than one type of polluting materials (prohibit) in production to date. 【答案】has been prohibited 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，在生产中已经禁止使用不止一种污染材料。空处作句子的谓语，根据时间状语to date可知，句子应用现在完成时，prohibit和主语More than one type of polluting materials之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，且“more than one+单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，助动词用has。故填has been prohibited。 14．So far, all possible methods (try) to prevent the animals from dying out. 【答案】have been tried 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：到目前为止，人们已经尝试了所有可能的方法来防止动物灭绝。根据时间状语So far可知，时态用现在完成时；且主语all possible methods与try“尝试”为被动关系，用现在完成时态的被动语态，主语是复数methods，助动词用have。故填have been tried。 15．He (regard) as the most successful writer since his book hit the Internet. 【答案】has been regarded 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：自从他的书在网上走红以来，他被认为是最成功的作家。空处为主句的谓语动词。根据“since his book hit the Internet”可知，句子描述的是从过去持续到现在的情况，应用现在完成时，且此处He和regard之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语He是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has been regarded。 16．The Sound of Silence is one of the best films that (show) so far this year. 【答案】have been shown 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：《寂静之声》是今年迄今为止上映的最佳影片之一。空处作that引导的定语从句的谓语，根据时间状语so far可知，定语从句使用现在完成时，主语that（指代films）和show之间为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为复数，助动词用have。故填have been shown。 17．As a father, nothing has made him more proud than the fact that three of his four children (admit) into Peking University. 【答案】have been admitted 【详解】考察现在完成时的被动语态。句意：作为一个父亲，他的四个孩子全部都被北京大学录取，没有什么事情比那更让他自豪的了。admit的意思是“承认；准入；录取”。根据题意，四个孩子已经被北京大学录取，表示过去动作对现在造成的影响，使用现在完成时，且使用被动语态。故填have been admitted. 18．Large quantities of information (offer) to the government since last year. 【答案】have been offered 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：自去年以来，已向政府提供了大量信息。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，根据since last year时间状语可知，此处为现在完成时，主语Large quantities of information和动词offer为被动关系，所以为现在完成时的被动语态结构，(large) quantities of…(或a quantity of)+名词用作主语时，其谓语动词根据quantity的单复数确定，本题中quantities是复数，助动词用have。故填have been offered。 19．So far everyone else in my class (invite) except me, and I don’t know why. 【答案】has been invited 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，除了我，班上其他人都被邀请了，我不知道为什么。根据句中So far可知，句子应用现在完成时，invite与主语everyone else in my class之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语everyone else in my class表示单数意义，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been invited。 20．The company (target) by animal rights groups for its use of dogs in drug trials since 2018. 【答案】has been targeted 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：该公司因自2018年以来在药物试验中使用狗而受到动物权利组织的攻击。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文since 2018可知为现在完成时的被动语态，主语为单数名词，助动词用has。故填has been targeted。 21．It (prove) that eating vegetables in childhood helps protect you against serious illness in later life. 【答案】has been proved 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：事实证明，在童年时期吃蔬菜有助于保护你在以后的生活中免受严重疾病的侵害。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定句型it has been proved that，意为“事实证明......”。根据语境可知，“吃蔬菜有助于保护疾病侵害”这一事实是已经被证实的，因此可使用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been proved。 22．Single use surgical masks (find) thrown around pavements, waterways and beaches worldwide since countries began ordering their use in public places. 【答案】have been found 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：自从各国开始下令在公共场所使用一次性外科口罩以来，世界各地的人行道、水道和海滩上都发现了一次性外科口罩。分析句子可知，设空处是句子谓语部分，主语masks和动词find是被动关系，应使用被动语态；根据时间状语since countries began ordering their use in public places可知，应使用现在完成时。因此，此处应使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语masks是复数形式，助动词使用have。故填have been found。 23．Up to now, most of the suggestions made by the students (consider) by the school. 【答案】have been considered 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，学生们提出的大部分建议都得到了学校的考虑。分析句子可知，设空处是句子谓语部分，根据时间状语Up to now，应使用现在完成时，主语suggestions和动词consider之间是被动关系，此处应使用现在完成时的被动语态，suggestions是复数形式，故填have been considered。 24．Should the brothers have been (qualified) or highly praised for their actions? 【答案】disqualified 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：兄弟俩的行为应该被取消资格还是受到高度赞扬?根据句意和下文“highly praised for”可知，此处表示“被取消资格”，disqualified“取消……的资格”符合句意，与主语the brothers是被动关系，空前有have been，故填disqualified。 25．If you (betray), you are the victim of your circumstance. 【答案】have been betrayed 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：如果你被出卖了，你就是你所处环境的受害者。betray(背叛，出卖)是状语从句中谓语动词，与主语you之间是被动关系，结合句意，强调过去发的动作对现在产生的影响，用现在完成时，又因主语是you，助动词用have。故填have been betrayed。 26．Three women and their children (rescue) from the burning house by the firemen since the fire broke out. 【答案】have been rescued 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：自从火灾发生后，消防队员已经从着火的房子里救出了三个妇女和她们的孩子。此句为主从复合句，设空处在主句中作谓语，由时间状语从句since the fire broke out可知主句为现在完成时，主语Three women and their children与动词rescue之间为被动关系，此主句谓语用现在完成时的被动语态，Three women and their children作主语，谓语动词用复数。故填have been rescued。 27．The new technology, which (apply) to rice growing since it was created, is increasing the grain output. 【答案】has been applied 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：这项新技术自发明以来一直应用于水稻种植，正在提高粮食产量。分析句子成分，空处作which所引导非限制定语从句的谓语动词。由“since it was created”可知，时态是现在完成时，表示动作从过去持续到现在，The new technology和apply之间是被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是单数，助动词使用has。故填has been applied。 28．Up to now, about 3, 000 people (punish) because of their eating, smoking or selling goods on the subway. 【答案】have been punished 【详解】考查谓语动词时态语态及主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，大约有3000人因为在地铁上吃东西、抽烟或卖东西而受到处罚。所给词punish是及物动词意为“惩罚”，在句中作谓语，缺宾语，主语people因违法行为应该是受到惩罚，谓语动词应使用被动语态；根据时间状语up to now(到目前为止)，谓语应使用现在完成时；主语为复数名词，助动词have使用复数形式。故填have been punished。 29．All means (try) to get him to change his mind, but none has worked. 【答案】have been tried 【详解】考查被动语态、主谓一致。句意：所有的方法都试图让他改变主意，但都没有奏效。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做谓语且与主语之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，根据下文“but none has worked.(但都没有奏效)”可知句子表达的是过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，谓语动词使用现在完成时的被动语态，又因主语All means为复数，故填have been tried。 30．It (reveal) that a growing number of people are overweight. 【答案】has been revealed/is revealed 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：据透露，越来越多的人超重。本句it为形式主语，真正的主语为that从句指代的事件，其与动词reveal之间存在被动关系，本句应使用被动语态，既可以表示客观事实，用一般现在时；也可以强调这个动作已经完成对现在的影响，用现在完成时，it为单数，故填has been revealed或is revealed。 31．Much to their delight, their new project (approve) at the conference, the excited scholars decided to hays a barbecue to celebrate the fantastic moment. 【答案】having been approved 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：令他们非常高兴的是，他们的新项目在会议上被比准了，兴奋的学者们决定举行烧烤来庆祝这一神奇的时刻。此处句子的主语是the excited scholars；their new project是动词approve的逻辑主语，动词approve的动作先于谓语动词的动作，且与逻辑主语之间是被动关系，所以这里用现在分词完成式的被动式，并与逻辑主语构成现在分词的独立主格结构作时间状语。故填having been approved。 32．You are expected to copy the words in the passage that (underline). 【答案】have been underlined/are underlined 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：要求你们抄写下文章中划线的单词。此处在that引导的定语从句中作谓语，定语从句修饰先行词words，从句中主语that指代先行词words，words和动词underline是被动关系，且从句既可以表示一般性事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，也可以用现在完成时，表示画线发生在抄写之前，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是复数，故填have been/are underlined。 33．Large amounts of food (transport) to the earthquake-striken area in the past few weeks. 【答案】have been transported 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的几周里，大量的食物被运送到地震灾区。动词transport与名词food之间是被动关系，根据时间状语in the past few weeks可知，应用现在完成时的被动语态。amounts of的意思是“大量的”，修饰不可数名词作主语时谓语用复数形式，故填have been transported。 34．This reflects the “China Chic” phenomenon (accept) by the younger generation in recent years. 【答案】has been accepted 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：这反映了近年来“中国风”现象已经被年轻一代所接受。根据时间状语 in recent years可知，用现在完成时。主语the “China Chic” phenomenon 为单数，与accept之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。根据句意，故填has been accepted。 35．Another 192 residents, who had close contact with the three sick people, （put）under medical observation up to now. 【答案】have been put 【详解】考查动词的时态语态。句意：另有192名与3名患者有过密切接触的居民目前正在接受医学观察。及物动词put与句子主语Another 192 residents为被动关系，结合语境，时间状语up to now提示谓语动词为现在完成时，且主语是复数，所以，此处填写现在完成时的被动语态have been put。故填have been put。 36．So far, a third road system （establish）to improve the flow of traffic. 【答案】has been established 【详解】考查动词的时态与语态。句意：到目前为止，第三条道路系统已经建立，以改善交通流量。及物动词 establish与主语 a third road system为被动关系，结合语境，so far提示为现在完成时，且主语system是单数，所以此处填写现在完成时的被动语态has been established。故填has been established。 37．Great as Newton was, many of his ideas (challenge) today and are being modified by the scientists of today. 【答案】have been challenged 【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：尽管牛顿是伟大的，但他的许多思想在今天受到了挑战，并正在被今天的科学家们修改。根据“are being modified by the scientists of today”可知，此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响，使用现在完成时，主语为many of his ideas，和challenge是被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为复数名词，助动词用have。故填have been challenged。 38．There is evidence that a large amount of money (charge) for breaking the traffic rules over the past few months. 【答案】has been charged 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：有证据表明，在过去的几个月里，因违反交通规则而被罚了一大笔钱。动词charge和主语之间是被动关系，根据句意和时间状语over the past few months，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态，表示过去的动作对现在的影响。主语a large amount of money为单数，主谓一致，故填has been charged。 39．It (damage) partly by natural forces like earthquakes, but the greatest damage of all has been caused by man. 【答案】has been damaged 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：它的破坏部分是由地震等自然力量造成的，但最大的破坏是人为造成的。主语与谓语构成被动关系，所以空格处的谓语动词应该用被动语态；根据句意和句中的“but the greatest damage of all has been caused by man”可知，空格处的谓语动词应该用现在完成时，表示过去的动作对现在产生的影响或结果；主语为It，助动词用has。故填has been damaged。 40．People’s life (improve) greatly since the Internet and personal computers made their appearance. 【答案】has (been) improved 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：自从互联网和个人电脑出现以来，人们的生活有了很大的改善。空处为主句谓语动词，根据时间状语从句“since the Internet and personal computers made their appearance.”判断主句用现在完成时；improve作及物动词时，与主语life是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态；同时，improve也可作不及物动词，此时只有主动语态。主语life不可数，助动词用has。故填has (been) improved。 二、完成句子 41．这些数据刚刚被披露出来。 These figures have just . 【答案】 been exposed to view 【详解】考查动词短语和语态。“被披露出来”可用动词短语be exposed to view表示，结合句意和空前助动词have可知，应用been exposed to view构成现在完成时的被动语态。故填been；exposed；to；view。 42．既然这个问题已经解决，让我们进入下一个吧。 , let’s go to the next. 【答案】Now that the problem has been solved 【详解】考查原因状语从句和时态语态。“既然”为now that引导的原因状语从句，“这个问题”为the problem，“解决”为动词solve，由句意“已经”可知，句子描述从过去到现在已经解决，应用现在完成时，且主语the problem，和动词solve是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是单数，助动词应用has，句首单词首字母大写，故填Now that the problem has been solvedNow that the problem has been solved。 43．(学校)为孩子们买了大量的故事书。 A large quantity of storybooks for the children. 【答案】have been bought 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。表示“买”可用动词buy，和主语之间是被动关系，根据句意可知，应用现在完成时的被动语态，表示过去的动作对现在的影响。主语A large quantity of storybooks，谓语应用复数形式，故填have been bought。 44．这个学期我们要举行一次英语演讲比赛，但何时何地举行还没定。 We’ll have an English speech contest this term, but when and where to hold it . 【答案】hasn’t been decided yet 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。由所给句意可知，空格处应表达“还没定”。“定(决定)”用动词decide表示；分析句子结构可知，本空为but后句子的谓语；原句可以理解为“何时何地举行到现在还没定”，故but后句子用现在完成时；且decide与主语when and where to hold it为被动关系，故应使用现在完成时态被动语态，且用否定形式；又因主语是不定式结构，视为单数概念，故谓语动词使用助动词hasn’t，故用hasn’t been decided。副词yet常用于否定句，谈论尚未发生但有可能发生和事情。故填入hasn’t been decided yet。 45．这样的事从来没有听说过。 Such a thing . 【答案】has never been heard of 【详解】考查时态、被动语态。根据汉语提示，表示“从未”含义的词为：never；表示“听说”含义的动词短语为：hear of；分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，且与主语之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，根据汉语提示，句子表达的是过去的事对现在造成的影响，应使用现在完成时的被动语态，因主语为单数，助动词have使用has，故填has never been heard of。 46．自从你离开后，这里发生了很大的变化。 Great changes since . 【答案】 have taken place here you left 【详解】考查时态。句意：自从你离开后，这里发生了很大的变化。分析句子结构可知，since引导时间状语从句，since引导的从句通常为一般过去时，主句应使用现在完成时。主语great changes和take place之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此主句中需使用现在完成时的被动语态。故填①have taken place here；②you left。 47．每个花盆每天都浇水。 Each pot . 【答案】has been watered daily 【详解】考查时态和语态。“浇水”为动词water，和主语each pot是被动关系，且句子描述从过去到现在一直都被浇水，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是单数，助动词应用has，“每天”为副词daily，故填has been watered daily。 48．这机器是为水下使用而改装的。 This machine using underwater. 【答案】 has been adapted for 【详解】考查固定短语，时态，语态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“为……而改装”，表达为adapt for，机器是被改装，且根据句意可知，动作已完成，句子用现在完成时的被动语态，即have/has been adapted for，主语This machine是单数，因此空格处是has been adapted for。故填has，been，adapted，for。 49． is announced that . 据宣布计划已经顺利实施。 【答案】 It the plan has been successfully carried out 【详解】根据句意可知，表示“据宣布”用固定句型it is announced that；“计划实施”用短语carry out；因为计划是被实施且已经实施，所以用现在完成时的被动语态。故答案为①It②the plan has been successfully carried out。 50．多亏了老师的不断鼓舞，他的信心逐渐得到增强。    the teacher’s constant encouragement, his confidence has been      gradually. 【答案】 Thanks to built up 【详解】考查固定搭配和动词的语态。根据句意，前两空应填“多亏”，应用固定短语thanks to，其中thanks置于句首，首字母大写；三四空应填“增强”，应用短语build up，与主语his confidence之间是被动关系，空处应用动词的过去分词形式，与空前的has been构成现在完成时的被动语态。故填Thanks，to，built，up。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $