精品解析：山西吕梁市2025-2026学年高二第二学期7月期末英语质量检测

2025-2026学年高二第二学期7月期末质量检测 英语听力 注意事项： 1．本试卷分四部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2．考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；主观题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 3．本试卷命题范围：选择性必修第一册~选择性必修第四册。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What concerns the man? A. The need to give a speech. B. The requirement to retake an exam. C. The chance to meet the headteacher. 2. What is included in the man’s company’s expenses? A. His party drinks. B. His hotel room. C. His car fuel. 3. How did the woman probably feel at the end of the interview? A. Embarrassed. B. Positive. C. Excited. 4. Who are the speakers impressed with? A. The fisherman in the sea. B. The organizer of the show. C. The artist of the painting. 5. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Move to France. B. Learn more French words. C. Research into French culture. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Who is the woman? A. A parent. B. A lecturer. C. A student. 7. Which department will the speakers probably see first? A. The economics department. B. The science department. C. The business department. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What will the woman have for supper? A. Butter boards. B. Butter bread. C. Butter chicken. 9. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Recipe writer and reader. B. Husband and wife. C. Cook and customer. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Why does the man come to the woman? A. To raise money. B. To make a film. C. To offer financial support. 11. What makes the woman surprised? A. Human history against the age of the Earth. B. Changes in human behavior. C. New environmental issues. 12. What is the conversation mainly about? A. The Earth’s wildlife. B. The woman’s interests. C. The man’s idea for a film. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a police station. B. In an animal shelter. C. In the woman’s house. 14. How does the woman feel at the beginning of the conversation? A. Relieved. B. Worried. C. Pleased. 15. What has the man been working on? A. Building evidence on a criminal group. B. Watching the woman’s neighbors. C. Finding stolen cats. 16. What is special about the woman’s pet? A. It keeps going missing. B. It’s black and white. C. It has one eye. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What makes the story surprising? A. It reveals magic power. B. It is famous in South America. C. It is a true story about the walking tree. 18. How far can the tree move in a year? A. About 3 meters. B. About 20 meters. C. About 30 meters. 19. What are the listeners advised to do? A. Take a picture of the tree. B. Research into the tree. C. Walk around the tree. 20. What is the speaker doing? A. Teaching a class. B. Making up a story. C. Exploring the rainforest. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Time to Heal — by Aleandra Vasiliu Kindle $ 9.99; Hardcover $ 21.94; Paperback $ 12.64. From the bestselling author comes an inspirational poetry book about love, healing, and growth. It is a reminder to strive to change for the better. Featuring more than 130 uplifting poems and black-and-white illustrations, it’s a great companion when you need to embrace self-love and personal transformation. Family: Poems — by Mr. Keith Keenan Kindle $ 0.00; Hardcover $12.50; Paperback $ 7.00. The poet describes personal thoughts and feelings in a lyrical journey to understand and celebrate his family. “Family” looks at living honestly in places, not illusions. Figurative (形象的) language, a love of metaphor and sharp images all make the poems work. Seeds from a Birch Tree — by Clark Strand Kindle $ 9.99; Hardcover $ 26.80; Paperback $ 16.95. Seeds from a Birch Tree makes nature into a spiritual path. Its message was simple: Haiku teaches us to return to nature by following the seasons — seventeen syllables at a time. With its mix of poetry and memoir (回忆录), the book guides us to the joy hidden in plain sight, leading us to get into a good state of body and mind. A Poem for Every Day — by Allie Esiri Kindle $ 9.99; Hardcover $ 28.05; Audio CD $ 18.05. This audio book is a collection of 366 poems which link to events on key dates — funny for April Fools’ Day, festive for Christmas. This is the perfect gift for poetry lovers of all ages. These poems are informative, peaceful, and energetic! There are a large number of poetry collections on Amazon. More information, please click here. 1. How much will you pay if you buy a paperback edition of Seeds from a Birch Tree? A. $ 7.00. B. $ 16.95. C. $ 26.80. D. $ 18.05. 2. According to the text, what can we learn about the books? A. Family: Poems features plain language. B. Time to Heal features colorful illustrations. C. Seeds from a Birch Tree focuses on human nature. D. A Poem for Every Day focuses on festive celebrations. 3. Who will be most interested in the website? A. Book publishers. B. College teachers. C. Book lovers. D. School administrators. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了亚马逊网站上四本不同类型的诗集及其价格、内容和特色，供读者选购。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三本书Seeds from a Birch Tree的价格信息“Paperback $ 16.95. (平装本16.95美元)”可知，购买该书的平装本需要支付16.95美元。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四本书A Poem for Every Day的介绍“This audio book is a collection of 366 poems which link to events on key dates — funny for April Fools’ Day, festive for Christmas. (这本有声书收录了366首诗，这些诗与关键日期的事件相关联——愚人节的有趣诗歌，圣诞节的节日诗歌)”可知，该书侧重于节日庆祝。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“There are a large number of poetry collections on Amazon. More information, please click here. (亚马逊上有大量的诗集。更多信息，请点击这里)”以及全文对各类诗集的介绍可知，该网站的目标受众是喜爱书籍和诗歌的人。 B Arshad Nadeem made history at the 2024 Paris Olympics. The 27-year-old set a new Olympic record for the longest javelin throw — 92.97 meters and has become the first Pakistani to secure an individual gold medal at the Olympic Games. To celebrate the historic victory, the government gave him a Honda Civic car which has a special registration number of “PAK 92.97” and a record amount of money: 250 million rupees ($ 897,000). And one more historic thing: He is undoubtedly the first Olympic champion to receive a buffalo as a gift from his father-in-law. “I had been hoping for a piece of land since my father-in-law is wealthy,” Nadeem said seriously when a TV show host joked about the gift. “But a buffalo is far more valuable than that.” Actually that’s an understatement. The buffalo holds deep cultural significance in Nadeem’s hometown. “In rural communities, a buffalo is considered one of the most honorable and valuable gifts, much like camels in desert regions like Saudi Arabia,” said Rashad Bukhari, a cultural commentator born and raised in Punjab. Buffalo, which are called the “black gold” of Pakistan, are also valued for their milk. With a higher nutrition content than cow’s milk, buffalo milk makes up 72% of the nation’s milk supply. The milk is also well-suited to make ghee, a special butter that is a key part of the Pakistani diet. “An average buffalo lives for about 20 years. A female usually starts producing milk after birthing a first calf at 3 years old. Then it will continue giving milk for the rest of its life even if the calf is not around,” explained Dr. Burhan-e-Azam, an animal nutritionist at a buffalo research institute. “That’s why Pakistanis call a buffalo ‘a poor man’s bank’.” The importance of a buffalo for Punjab can be shown from the fact that in ancient times it was part of the dowry (嫁妆). But for Nadeem, the buffalo is not just symbolic. “My father-in-law’s gift ensures that I will have fresh milk as I train for my next competition,” added the javelin king. 4. What does “PAK 92.97” in the first paragraph stand for? A. The date of the record-breaking event. B. The new Olympic record set by a Pakistani. C. The price of the car given to the javelin king. D. The birth date of the Pakistani Olympic champion. 5. Why did Rashad Bukhari mention the camels? A. To stress the symbolism of a buffalo. B. To illustrate the size of a buffalo. C. To show the surviving ability of a buffalo. D. To compare the nutrition content. 6. What is special about ghee? A. It is nutritious. B. It is rare in Pakistan. C. It is black. D. It is made from cow’s milk. 7. What message has Arshad Nadeem most probably got from the buffalo gift? A. The dowry is very traditional. B. His country needs more victories. C. His wife’s family is very poor. D. His father-in-law cares for him a great deal. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍的是巴基斯坦标枪运动员阿尔沙德·纳迪姆在2024年巴黎奥运会上创造历史，以及他收到岳父赠送水牛这一具有文化意义的礼物背后的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The 27-year-old set a new Olympic record for the longest javelin throw — 92.97 meters and has become the first Pakistani to secure an individual gold medal at the Olympic Games. To celebrate the historic victory, the government gave him a Honda Civic car which has a special registration number of  ‘PAK 92.97’ and a record amount of money: 250 million rupees ($ 897,000). (这位27岁的运动员创造了新的奥运标枪最远投掷纪录——92.97米，并成为首位在奥运会上获得个人金牌的巴基斯坦人。为庆祝这一历史性胜利，政府赠予他一辆本田思域汽车，其特殊车牌号为‘PAK 92.97’，以及创纪录的奖金：2.5亿卢比（89.7万美元）。)”可知，“PAK 92.97”代表巴基斯坦选手创造的新奥运纪录。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“‘In rural communities, a buffalo is considered one of the most honorable and valuable gifts, much like camels in desert regions like Saudi Arabia,’ said Rashad Bukhari, a cultural commentator born and raised in Punjab. (‘在农村社区，水牛被认为是最尊贵、最有价值的礼物之一，就像沙特阿拉伯等沙漠地区的骆驼一样，’出生在旁遮普并长大的文化评论员拉沙德·布哈里说。)”可知，拉沙德·布哈里提及骆驼是为了强调水牛的象征意义。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“With a higher nutrition content than cow’s milk, buffalo milk makes up 72% of the nation’s milk supply. The milk is also well-suited to make ghee, a special butter that is a key part of the Pakistani diet. (水牛奶的营养价值高于牛奶，占该国牛奶供应量的72%。这种牛奶也非常适合制作酥油，一种特殊的黄油，是巴基斯坦饮食的关键组成部分。)”可知，酥油的特别之处在于它有营养。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘My father-in-law’s gift ensures that I will have fresh milk as I train for my next competition,’ added the javelin king. (‘我岳父的礼物确保我在为下一场比赛训练时能有新鲜牛奶，’这位标枪之王补充道。)”可知，阿尔沙德·纳迪姆从水牛礼物中最可能感受到岳父对他非常关心。 C Peru is prepared to approve new laws that would make it easier to investigate and punish researchers who engage in academic cheating, including paying to have their names added to a paper. The move comes as Peru’s national science agency seeks to crack down on authorship buying and other dishonest practices. It recently removed two scientists accused of dishonest publications from a national registry that is key to receiving government sponsor, job promotions, and salary bonuses. And officials are investigating more than 170 other researchers at a Peruvian media report claimed were involved in academic misconduct, including 72 listed n the national registry who work at 14 universities in Peru. The new laws will empower universities and government officials to punish such behavior. Dishonest publishing practices “transcend mere moral misbehavior” because they enable researchers to obtain government and private funding without telling the truth, says Edward Málaga Trillo, a member of Congress who is the driving force behind the bills, which lawmakers are expected to finalize early this year. “These individuals are operating academic cheating.” Peru’s academic community has been struggling with a rising tide of false authorship and related problems. One cause, some researchers say, is a 2014 law that aimed to stimulate research by rewarding researchers who boost their publishing output. For example, under a scoring system used by universities, researchers can earn five points for authorship in a high-impact journal, and two points when the journal is lower impact. A massing points can bring bonus payments and career promotion. Signs of dishonest publishing can be obvious, notes Nahuel Monteblanco, president of Cientificos. pe, a Peruvian group that investigates misconduct. Many of the papers cited by Punto Final have numerous co-authors from different nations with few prior publications on the same subject. “If your colleague consistently publishes 20 articles a year with co-authors from other countries, that’s highly suspect,” Monteblanco says. 8. What action did Peru take recently to address academic cheating? A. Fining 72 offenders for academic dishonesty. B. Disqualifying 2 scientists from a national registry. C. Punishing 170 researchers for academic misconduct. D. Withdrawing government fund from 14 universities. 9. Which of the following is closest in meaning to “transcend” in paragraph 3? A. Change. B. Strengthen. C. Go beyond. D. Approve of. 10. What do we know about the 2014 law in Peru? A. It advocated a fair scoring system. B. It applied to high-impact journals. C. It led to an increase in false authorship. D. It aimed to punish dishonest publishing. 11. The most suspicion might be given to a productive researcher with _________. A. career promotion B. consistent research focus C. few citations by Punto Final D. co-authors from various countries 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍秘鲁准备通过新的法律，以便更容易地调查和惩罚从事学术作弊的研究人员并解释作弊的原因和现象等。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“It recently removed two scientists accused of dishonest publications from a national registry that is key to receiving government sponsor, job promotions, and salary bonuses. (它最近将两名被指控发表不诚实文章的科学家从国家登记处除名，而国家登记处是获得政府资助、工作晋升和工资奖金的关键。)”可知秘鲁最近采取了从国家注册中心取消2名科学家资格来解决学术作弊问题。故选B。 【9题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词下文“because they enable researchers to obtain government and private funding without telling the truth, says Edward Málaga Trillo, a member of Congress who is the driving force behind the bills, which lawmakers are expected to finalize early this year. “These individuals are operating academic cheating.” (因为它们使研究人员能够在不讲真话的情况下获得政府和私人资助，他是这些法案背后的推动力量，立法者预计将在今年年初完成这些法案。“这些人在搞学术作弊。” )”由此可推断上文意思是国会议员Edward Málaga Trillo说，不诚实的出版行为“超越了单纯的道德不端行为”，所以transcend意为“超越”，和“Go beyond”同义，故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“One cause, some researchers say, is a 2014 law that aimed to stimulate research by rewarding researchers who boost their publishing output. For example, under a scoring system used by universities, researchers can earn five points for authorship in a high-impact journal, and two points when the journal is lower impact. A massing points can bring bonus payments and career promotion. (一些研究人员表示，其中一个原因是2014年的一项法律，该法律旨在通过奖励提高论文发表量的研究人员来刺激研究。例如，在大学使用的评分系统下，研究人员在高影响力期刊上的作者可以获得5分，在期刊影响力较低的期刊上可以获得2分。大量的积分可以带来奖金和职业晋升。)”可知研究人员会想办法提高论文的发表量，这样就会导致虚假作者的增加，故选C。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Many of the papers cited by Punto Final have numerous co-authors from different nations with few prior publications on the same subject. “If your colleague consistently publishes 20 articles a year with co-authors from other countries, that’s highly suspect,” Monteblanco says. (Punto Final引用的许多论文都有来自不同国家的许多共同作者，在同一主题上很少有先前的出版物。蒙特布兰科说：“如果你的同事每年与其他国家的合著者持续发表20篇文章，那就非常值得怀疑了。”)” 可知最值得怀疑的可能是拥有来自不同国家的合著者，故选D。 D Evolution (进化) can perform extraordinary makeovers; today’s airborne songbirds evolved from the wingless, earthbound dinosaurs that wandered millions of years ago. But some organisms seem to be unchanged — in other words, escape natural selection. The coelacanth, a modern-day fish, is nearly identical to its 410-million-year-old fossils. Scientists have long wondered how these species do so. It has been assumed that natural selection keeps some species unchanged by selecting for moderate or average qualities (stabilizing selection) rather than selecting for more extreme qualities that would cause a species to change (directional selection). But a study published in the National Academy of Sciences USA contradicts this idea, showing that evolution constantly favors different qualities in seemingly unchanging animals to improve short-term survival. In the long term, though, “all that evolution cancels out and leads to no change,” says the study’s lead author, James Stroud. Stroud and his colleagues studied for lizard (蜥蜴) specios; all relatively unchanged for 20 million years. The researchers caught members of these populations every six months for three years. They measured each lizard’s head size, leg length, mass and height, as well as the size of its sticky toes (脚趾头), noting which individuals survived. Stroud expected to observe stabılızıng selection at work preserving moderate qualities. Instead he saw clearer evidence of directional selection: some lizards with unique characteristics, such as stickier toes, survived better. “The study offers a good explanation for why we see what we think is stabiliring selection,” says Tadashi Fukami, an ecologist studying evolution at Stanford University. Many new qualities are evolving in the short term, but they don’t provide a crucial advantage over the long term. In other words, species staying unchanged may simply have found the best possible combination of qualities for lasting success in their environment. So what happens when the lizards’ environment changes more dramatically? To help answer this bigger question, Stroud is still making trips to visit the lizards. 12. Why does the author mention the “coelacanth fish” in paragraph 1? A. To demonstrate the power of evolution. B. To add evidence to natural selection. C. To give an example of unchanged species. D. To prove species' extraordinary makeovers. 13. What's the focus of paragraph 2? A. Unsolved mysteries. B. A common belief. C. A sharp contrast. D. Unique Characteristics. 14. How did Stroud conduct his research? A. By analyzing lizard fossils. B. By tracking research objects. C. By illustrating stabilizing selection. D. By categorizing qualities of lizards. 15. What will Stroud probably do in the future? A. Make trips to visit lizard experts. B. Summarize average features of lizards. C. Reveal the best combinations of qualities. D. Examine lizards under extreme conditions. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章通过介绍科学家对看似没有发生变化的生物物种进行研究，揭示了这些物种在进化过程中的选择机制。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Evolution (进化) can perform extraordinary makeovers; today’s airborne songbirds evolved from the wingless, earthbound dinosaurs that wandered millions of years ago. But some organisms seem to be unchanged —in other words, escape natural selection. The coelacanth, a modern-day fish, is nearly identical to its410-million-year-old fossils.(进化能够产生非凡的变化；今天在空中飞翔的鸣鸟是从数百万年前无翅、陆生的恐龙演化而来的。但有些生物似乎没有改变——换句话说，它们逃脱了自然选择。现代鱼类腔棘鱼与其4.1亿年前的化石几乎一模一样)”可知，本段提到腔棘鱼是为了举一个物种不变的例子。故选C项。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Scientists have long wondered how these species do so. It has been assumed that natural selection keeps some species unchanged by selecting for moderate or average qualities (stabilizing selection) rather than selecting for more extreme qualities that would cause a species to change (directional selection).(科学家们长期以来一直想知道这些物种是如何做到这一点的。人们一直认为，自然选择通过选择适中或平均的品质（稳定选择）来保持某些物种的不变性，而不是选择会导致物种发生变化的更极端的品质（定向选择）。)”可知，本段主要讲述了人们一直认为自然选择是稳定选择而不是定向选择，也就是一个共同的信念。故选B项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Stroud and his colleagues studied for lizard (蜥蜴) specios; all relatively unchanged for 20 million years. The researchers caught members of these populations every six months for three years. They measured each lizard’s head size, leg length, mass and height, as well as the size of its sticky toes (脚趾头), noting which individuals survived. Stroud expected to observe stabılızıng selection at work preserving moderate qualities. Instead he saw clearer evidence of directional selection: some lizards with unique characteristics, such as stickier toes, survived better.(斯特劳德和他的同事研究了蜥蜴物种；所有这些在2000万年间都相对没有变化。研究人员连续三年每六个月捕捉这些种群中的成员。他们测量了每只蜥蜴的头部大小、腿长、体重和身高，以及粘性脚趾的大小，并记录了哪些个体存活了下来。斯特劳德原本希望观察到稳定选择在保持中等品质方面的作用。然而，他看到的却是更明确的定向选择证据：一些具有独特特征的蜥蜴，比如更粘的脚趾，存活率更高)”可知，斯特劳德是通过跟踪研究对象来进行他的研究的。故选B项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“In other words, species staying unchanged may simply have found the best possible combination of qualities for lasting success in their environment. So what happens when the lizards’ environment changes more dramatically? To help answer this bigger question, Stroud is still making trips to visit the lizards.(换句话说，保持不变的物种可能只是找到了在其环境中持久成功的最佳品质组合。那么，当蜥蜴的环境发生更剧烈的变化时会发生什么呢？为了帮助回答这个更大的问题，斯特劳德仍在继续探访这些蜥蜴)”可知，接下来斯特劳德会在极端条件下检查蜥蜴。故选D项。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It seems that deep, long-lasting happiness comes from intangible (无形的) things, rather than things like chocolates and smart-phones. ______16______ People who have the support of family members and also have strong friendships are more likely to be happy. Feeling protected and respected and knowing you can trust in the people around you is vital. But happiness means you have to give and take, Performing acts of kindness and generosity on a regular basis, for example, listening to a friend in need or carrying a neighbor’s shopping, will make you feel on top of the world. ______17______ In fact, they say that one smile makes a person feel as good as eating 2,000 bars of chocolates (not all at once, of course). It is not surprising that health is another key contributor to happiness. ______18______ But being healthy and staying healthy require some effort. A healthy diet is crucial and so is regular exercise. Laziness will not make you happy. Exercising for 20 to 30 minutes a day helps to reduce stress and anxiety and makes you feel more positive and optimistic because it releases endorphins (feel-good chemicals). So, if you have been feeling blue and worrying too much about your exams, get exercising. ______19______ Talking of sleep, do you often wake up feeling miserable? ______20______ Teenagers tend to go to bed too late and have to get up early, so many suffer from a lack of sleep. Tiredness will certainly affect your happiness levels and put you in a bad mood. It also affects your ability to concentrate and may slow your growth. So if you want to be happy and do well at school, try to get at least eight hours of sleep a night. Now that you know the theory, it’s time to put it all into practice. A. You’ll also find that you sleep better. B. Even a simple smile can work wonders. C. One essential factor is human relationships. D. In the end, happiness comes from good sleep. E. If so, it’s probably because you haven’t had enough of it. F. Sustainable happiness may be more spiritual than material. G. Poor health will certainly make you feel down in the mouth. 【答案】16. C 17. B 18. G 19. A 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了深层次、持久的幸福感来自于无形的事物，如人际关系、健康、睡眠等，而非物质享受。 【16题详解】 根据上文“People who have the support of family members and also have strong friendships are more likely to be happy.(那些有家人支持和深厚友谊的人更可能感到幸福)”可知，空处在说明人际关系与幸福的关系。故C选项“幸福的一个关键因素是人际关系”切题。human relationships呼应family members and also have strong friendships。故选C。 【17题详解】 根据下文“In fact, they say that one smile makes a person feel as good as eating 2,000 bars of chocolates (not all at once, of course).(事实上，他们说一个微笑能让人感觉像吃了2000块巧克力一样好，当然不是一次吃完)”可知，选项承接下文说明微笑的力量。故B选项“即使是简单的微笑也能创造奇迹”切题。smile是关键词。故选B 【18题详解】 根据上文“It is not surprising that health is another key contributor to happiness.(健康是幸福的另一个关键因素，这并不令人惊讶)”可知，选项承接上文，反向说明不健康的影响。故G选项“健康状况不佳会让你感到沮丧”切题。故选G。 【19题详解】 根据上文“So, if you have been feeling blue and worrying too much about your exams, get exercising.(所以，如果你一直感到沮丧，担心考试，那就去锻炼吧)”可知，选项承接上文继续说明锻炼的作用。故A选项“你也会发现你睡得更好”切题。故选A项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Talking of sleep, do you often wake up feeling miserable? (说到睡眠，你是否经常醒来时感到痛苦)”可知，选项承接上文说明其原因。故E选项“如果是这样，可能是因为你睡眠不足”切题。故选E项。 第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Growing up in poverty in rural Kenya, Nelly Cheboi watched her single mother work tirelessly so she could attend school. From an early age, she realized that her family, along with others like hers in their village, was ____21____ a cycle that left them little hope. Cheboi attended college ____22____ scholarship in the United States, worked odd jobs to support her family, and discovered her ____23____ for computer science. She ____24____ the success in finding jobs to her computer literacy. She knew she wanted to share it with her ____25____ back home. Today, she’s giving 4,000 kids the chance for a ____26____ future through her nonprofit, TechLit Africa. The organization, whose name is short for Technologically Literate Africa, uses recycled ____27____ to create technology labs in schools in rural Kenya. In 2018, she began ____28____ recycled computers. She started small, carrying the machines to Kenya in check-on bags and ____29____ customs fees and taxes herself. TechLit Africa now works with shipping companies to ____30____ the donated computers so it’s more cost ____31____. The donated hardware is ____32____ to partner schools in rural Kenya, where students aged 4 to 12 receive daily classes and frequent ____33____ to learn from professionals and gain skills that will help improve their education and prepare them for future jobs. “My hope is that when the first TechLit kids graduate from high school they’re able to get a job online ____34____ they will know how to code,” Cheboi said. “The world is your oyster when you are educated. By bringing the resources, by bringing these skills, we are ____35____ the world to them.” 21. A. stricken by B. applied to C. stuck in D. prohibited from 22. A. beyond B. on C. against D. for 23. A. passion B. sympathy C. appreciation D. attraction 24. A. praised B. credited C. strengthened D. admitted 25. A. family B. friends C. colleagues D. community 26. A. stable B. uncertain C. brighter D. peaceful 27. A. computers B. textbooks C. materials D. wastes 28. A. programming B. studying C. purchasing D. accepting 29. A. cutting B. handling C. collecting D. charging 30. A. transplant B. translate C. transport D. transform 31. A. efficient B. rewarding C. accessible D. reliable 32. A. attached B. committed C. contributed D. distributed 33. A. alternatives B. opportunities C. occasions D. meetings 34. A. so B. before C. because D. and 35. A. opening up B. turning on C. caring about D. showing off 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了肯尼亚农村女孩Nelly Cheboi创立非营利组织TechLit Africa，利用回收电脑为肯尼亚农村学校建立技术实验室，帮助当地儿童获得更好未来的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：从很小的时候起，她就意识到她的家庭和村里其他类似的家庭被困在一个让他们几乎没有希望的循环中。A. stricken by被……侵袭；B. applied to应用于；C. stuck in被困在；D. prohibited from被禁止。根据上文“Growing up in poverty in rural Kenya”以及下文“a cycle that left them little hope”可知，贫困家庭陷入了一个难以摆脱的恶性循环，stuck in a cycle意为“被困在循环中”。 【22题详解】 考查介词。句意：Cheboi通过美国的奖学金上了大学，打零工养家，并发现了自己对计算机科学的热情。A. beyond超越；B. on借助于，通过；C. against反对；D. for为了。根据下文“scholarship in the United States”可知，此处指依靠奖学金上大学，on scholarship意为“靠奖学金，借助于奖学金”。 【23题详解】 考查名词。句意：Cheboi通过美国的奖学金上了大学，打零工养家，并发现了自己对计算机科学的热情。A. passion热情；B. sympathy同情；C. appreciation欣赏；D. attraction吸引。根据下文“She ________ the success in finding jobs to her computer literacy.”以及她后来创立TechLit Africa推广计算机教育可知，她对计算机科学产生了热情。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：她把成功找到工作归功于她的计算机素养。A. praised表扬；B. credited归功于；C. strengthened加强；D. admitted承认。根据下文“the success in finding jobs to her computer literacy”可知，她将自己能成功找到工作归功于自己的计算机素养。credit...to...意为“把……归功于……”，是固定搭配。 【25题详解】 考查名词。句意：她知道她想与家乡的社区分享它。A. family家庭；B. friends朋友；C. colleagues同事；D. community社区。根据上文“her family, along with others like hers in their village”以及下文“back home”可知，她想帮助的是家乡的整个社区，而不仅仅是家人。 【26题详解】 考查形容词。句意：如今，她通过她的非营利组织TechLit Africa为4000名儿童提供了更光明的未来的机会。A. stable稳定的；B. uncertain不确定的；C. brighter更光明的；D. peaceful和平的。根据上文“left them little hope”以及“giving 4,000 kids the chance”可知，TechLit Africa为孩子们带来了希望，因此是更光明的未来。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：该组织的名称是Technologically Literate Africa的缩写，使用回收的电脑在肯尼亚农村的学校创建技术实验室。A. computers电脑；B. textbooks教科书；C. materials材料；D. wastes废物。根据上文“uses recycled”以及下文“to create technology labs”可知，创建技术实验室需要的是电脑，且后文多次提到“recycled computers”。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：2018年，她开始接受回收电脑。A. programming编程；B. studying学习；C. purchasing购买；D. accepting接受。根据下文“carrying the machines to Kenya in check-on bags”以及“donated computers”可知，她开始接受别人捐赠的回收电脑。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：她从小规模开始，把机器放在托运行李中带到肯尼亚，自己处理海关费用和税费。A. cutting削减；B. handling处理；C. collecting收集；D. charging收费。根据下文“customs fees and taxes herself”可知，她自己处理海关费用和税费。 【30题详解】 考查动词。句意：TechLit Africa现在与航运公司合作运输捐赠的电脑，这样更具成本效益。A. transplant移植；B. translate翻译；C. transport运输；D. transform转变。根据上文“works with shipping companies”以及下文“the donated computers”可知，航运公司负责运输电脑。 【31题详解】 考查形容词。句意：TechLit Africa现在与航运公司合作运输捐赠的电脑，这样更具成本效益。A. efficient高效的；B. rewarding有回报的；C. accessible可接近的；D. reliable可靠的。根据上文“so it’s more cost”可知，与航运公司合作使运输成本更高效，cost efficient意为“成本效益高的”。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：捐赠的硬件被分发到肯尼亚农村的合作伙伴学校，在那里4至12岁的学生每天上课，并经常有机会向专业人士学习，获得有助于改善教育和为未来工作做准备的技能。A. attached附加；B. committed承诺；C. contributed贡献；D. distributed分发。根据下文“to partner schools in rural Kenya”可知，硬件被分发到各学校，distribute to意为“分发到”。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意：捐赠的硬件被分发到肯尼亚农村的合作伙伴学校，在那里4至12岁的学生每天上课，并经常有机会向专业人士学习，获得有助于改善教育和为未来工作做准备的技能。A. alternatives替代方案；B. opportunities机会；C. occasions场合；D. meetings会议。根据下文“to learn from professionals and gain skills”可知，学生们有机会向专业人士学习。 【34题详解】 考查连词。句意：Cheboi说到：“我的希望是，当第一批TechLit孩子高中毕业时，因为他们知道如何编程，所以能够在网上找到工作。”A. so所以；B. before在……之前；C. because因为；D. and和。根据上文“they’re able to get a job online”以及下文“they will know how to code”可知，前后是因果关系，因为会编程所以能找到工作。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：通过带来资源，通过带来这些技能，我们正在为他们打开世界。A. opening up打开；B. turning on打开（开关）；C. caring about关心；D. showing off炫耀。根据上文“The world is your oyster when you are educated”以及“By bringing the resources, by bringing these skills”可知，这些资源和技能为孩子们打开了世界的大门。 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The 21st century is dominated by more technology-oriented inventions than before. The 20th century saw man land on the moon. The 21st century will witness man landing on several planets. The first will be Mars, also ____36____ (know) as the Red Planet. As planned by NASA, the mission can ____37____ (achieve) by 2030. That will set a precedent (先例) for explorations by future generations. Furthermore, increased investment in research is likely ____38____ (lead) to the discovery of a vaccine for AIDS. Technology is advancing fast. Social media at present acts as one of the leading ____39____ (source) of news and interaction, ____40____ has a negative influence on traditional media, ____41____ (particular) print newspapers. Social media will soon take over the market. Mobile phones will play a greater role ____42____ the purchase of goods, as well as the withdrawing and depositing (储存) of money. Electronic money will replace paper money. In addition, with declining oil reserves across the world, electric cars will replace petrol cars in a few decades. As ____43____ result, there will be a major shift in job trends. Global warming will become an even ____44____ (big) problem, with sea levels ____45____ (continue) to rise. Freshwater sources will be polluted. Fresh water will become a major issue. Hence environmental destruction will increase greatly. 【答案】36. known 37. be achieved 38. to lead 39. sources 40. which 41. particularly 42. in 43. a 44. bigger 45. continuing 【解析】 【导语】文章主要预测了21世纪在太空探索、社交媒体、电子货币及环境方面的科技发展趋势。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：第一个将是火星，它也被称为红色星球。根据空后“as the Red Planet”可知，此处为固定搭配“(be) known as”，表示“被称为”，且Mars与know之间为被动关系，故用过去分词known作后置定语。 【37题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：按照NASA的计划，这项任务可以在2030年前完成。mission与achieve之间为被动关系，且情态动词can后接动词原形，故填入be achieved。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，增加研究投资可能会导致艾滋病疫苗的发现。此处为固定搭配be likely to do sth.，表示“有可能做某事”，填入动词不定式to lead。 【39题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：目前，社交媒体是新闻和互动的主要来源之一，这对传统媒体，特别是纸质报纸产生了负面影响。“one of”后需接名词source“资源，来源”的复数形式sources。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：目前，社交媒体是新闻和互动的主要来源之一，这对传统媒体，特别是纸质报纸产生了负面影响。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子，且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：目前，社交媒体是新闻和互动的主要来源之一，这对传统媒体，特别是纸质报纸产生了负面影响。空处需用副词particularly修饰名词短语，表示“尤其，特别地”。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：在商品购买以及货币存取方面，手机将发挥更大的作用。此处为固定搭配play a role in，表示“在……方面发挥作用”。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：因此，就业趋势将发生重大转变。此处为固定搭配as a result，表示“因此，结果是”。 【44题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：全球变暖将成为一个更严重的问题，海平面将持续上升。even修饰形容词比较级，表示“甚至更……”，big的比较级为bigger。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：全球变暖将成为一个更严重的问题，海平面将持续上升。此处为“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”的复合结构，sea levels与continue之间为主动关系，故用现在分词continuing作宾补。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你们学校举办了一个英语演讲比赛，请你以“Healthy eating”为主题写一篇演讲稿，内容包含以下三点： 1.健康饮食的意义； 2.学生中存在的不良饮食现象； 3.给出健康饮食的建议。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文流畅。 Hello, everyone! ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thanks for your listening! 【答案】范文： Good morning, everyone! I feel honored to deliver a speech here. As we all know, we are what we eat. Therefore, it’s very important for us to form healthy eating habits. However, bad eating habits are still very common among us students. Some of us often go to school without eating breakfast, some like to have snacks, some others are particular about food. All these bad habits will surely do harm to our health. From my point of view, we should have various foods in order to keep fit. Besides, we should try to develop healthy eating habits to build up a strong body. Only in this way can we have enough energy to study better. That’s all. Thanks for your listening! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“Healthy eating”为主题写一篇演讲稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 演讲：speech → lecture 重要：important → essential 各种各样的：various → a variety of 培养：develop → foster 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：As we all know, we are what we eat. Therefore, it’s very important for us to form healthy eating habits. 拓展句：As we all know, we are what we eat, which is why it’s very important for us to form healthy eating habits. 【点睛】【高分句型1】From my point of view, we should have various foods in order to keep fit.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Only in this way can we have enough energy to study better.（运用了倒装句） 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I am a senior one student named Leo. I used to be a total couch potato and I’d rather stick to my classroom seat or dorm bed than step outside for even a minute. For meals, I always reached for instant noodles or fried chicken. After school, I would spend all my time on mobile games until midnight, paying no attention to any kind of physical activity. As time went by, the situation became worse, and slowly, my body began to send out warnings. Every class felt like a big struggle. I felt sleepy in class all the time, and I could hardly focus on the teacher’s words. My teacher noticed my tired eyes more than once, and finally, she held my arm gently and told me to go to the school doctor for a check-up. After a thorough examination, the doctor said my poor health was caused by too little exercise,irregular sleep, and an unhealthy diet. She frowned(皱眉) slightly as she warned me that if I didn’t change, it would harm my long-term health. When my classmate Jason heard about this, he kindly invited me to join the school running club.To be honest, I felt ashamed of my poor fitness. So, his invitation fell on deaf ears. I stuck to my old habits, telling myself I was just“not the sporty type.”I thought I would be fine, but my body didn’t lie. Last week, we had the regular 800-meter test in PE class. As everyone else lined up, my heart sank. I dragged my feet to the starting line, hoping just to finish. But after only 200 meters, it was as if all the warnings came crashing down on me. I was gasping(喘气) for air, and I had to stop, my face pale not just from effort, but from a sudden, clear realisation of how weak I had become. 注意： 1.续写词数应为 150 左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 It was at that moment that I recalled Jason’s invitation. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Weeks of regular running brought great changes to my life. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 It was at that moment that I recalled Jason’s invitation. A wave of regret washed over me. I couldn’t go on like this — my body’s warnings were too loud to ignore. The next afternoon, I found him. “Is that running offer still open?” I asked, nervous yet confident. Jason’s face lit up. “Of course!” he said with a big smile. True to his word, we started running the next morning. It was very hard for me at first. I was soon out of breath, and my legs felt extremely heavy. But Jason stayed by my side, running at a slow, steady speed and reminding me to breathe deeply. Weeks of regular running brought great changes to my life. Now needing more energy, I stopped staying up for games and went to bed early. Instead of instant noodles and fried chicken, I chose healthier meals. I began to feel the difference — not only in my body, but also in my focus during class. I even managed to finish the next 800-meter test with ease. Jason cheered loudly for me. Soon I joined the running club. I’ve learned that the most important changes in life come not from one big jump, but from countless small steps — taken with a friend who cares enough to run beside you. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了 Leo 原本是个不爱运动、饮食和作息不健康的高一学生，身体出现各种问题，在800米测试中他深刻意识到自己的糟糕状况。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“就在那一刻，我想起了Jason的邀请。”可知，第一段Leo后悔之前拒绝邀请，然后找到Jason答应加入跑步，刚开始跑步很艰难，但 Jason在旁帮助。 ②由第二段首句内容“几周的规律跑步给我的生活带来了巨大的变化。”可知，第二段可描写Leo在作息、饮食上做出改变，身体和学习状态变好，再次测试轻松完成，最后加入跑步俱乐部并有所感悟。 2.续写线索：回忆邀请——后悔——找Jason答应跑步——跑步艰难、Jason 帮助——生活改变—— 作息饮食调整——身体和学习变好——完成测试——加入俱乐部——获得感悟。 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①选择：choose /select ②完成：finish /complete ③加入：join /take part in 情绪类 ①后悔：regret / remorse ②自信的：confident /self-assured 【点睛】【高分句型 1】But Jason stayed by my side, running at a slow, steady speed and reminding me to breathe deeply.（运用了现在分词作状语 ） 【高分句型 2】I’ve learned that the most important changes in life come not from one big jump, but from countless small steps — taken with a friend who cares enough to run beside you.（运用了that引导的宾语从句以及who引导的定语从句 ） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高二第二学期7月期末质量检测 英语听力 注意事项： 1．本试卷分四部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2．考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；主观题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 3．本试卷命题范围：选择性必修第一册~选择性必修第四册。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What concerns the man? A. The need to give a speech. B. The requirement to retake an exam. C. The chance to meet the headteacher. 2. What is included in the man’s company’s expenses? A. His party drinks. B. His hotel room. C. His car fuel. 3. How did the woman probably feel at the end of the interview? A. Embarrassed. B. Positive. C. Excited. 4. Who are the speakers impressed with? A. The fisherman in the sea. B. The organizer of the show. C. The artist of the painting. 5. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Move to France. B. Learn more French words. C. Research into French culture. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Who is the woman? A. A parent. B. A lecturer. C. A student. 7. Which department will the speakers probably see first? A. The economics department. B. The science department. C. The business department. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What will the woman have for supper? A. Butter boards. B. Butter bread. C. Butter chicken. 9. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Recipe writer and reader. B. Husband and wife. C. Cook and customer. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Why does the man come to the woman? A. To raise money. B. To make a film. C. To offer financial support. 11. What makes the woman surprised? A. Human history against the age of the Earth. B. Changes in human behavior. C. New environmental issues. 12. What is the conversation mainly about? A. The Earth’s wildlife. B. The woman’s interests. C. The man’s idea for a film. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a police station. B. In an animal shelter. C. In the woman’s house. 14. How does the woman feel at the beginning of the conversation? A. Relieved. B. Worried. C. Pleased. 15. What has the man been working on? A. Building evidence on a criminal group. B. Watching the woman’s neighbors. C. Finding stolen cats. 16. What is special about the woman’s pet? A. It keeps going missing. B. It’s black and white. C. It has one eye. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What makes the story surprising? A. It reveals magic power. B. It is famous in South America. C. It is a true story about the walking tree. 18. How far can the tree move in a year? A. About 3 meters. B. About 20 meters. C. About 30 meters. 19. What are the listeners advised to do? A. Take a picture of the tree. B. Research into the tree. C. Walk around the tree. 20. What is the speaker doing? A. Teaching a class. B. Making up a story. C. Exploring the rainforest. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Time to Heal — by Aleandra Vasiliu Kindle $ 9.99; Hardcover $ 21.94; Paperback $ 12.64. From the bestselling author comes an inspirational poetry book about love, healing, and growth. It is a reminder to strive to change for the better. Featuring more than 130 uplifting poems and black-and-white illustrations, it’s a great companion when you need to embrace self-love and personal transformation. Family: Poems — by Mr. Keith Keenan Kindle $ 0.00; Hardcover $12.50; Paperback $ 7.00. The poet describes personal thoughts and feelings in a lyrical journey to understand and celebrate his family. “Family” looks at living honestly in places, not illusions. Figurative (形象的) language, a love of metaphor and sharp images all make the poems work. Seeds from a Birch Tree — by Clark Strand Kindle $ 9.99; Hardcover $ 26.80; Paperback $ 16.95. Seeds from a Birch Tree makes nature into a spiritual path. Its message was simple: Haiku teaches us to return to nature by following the seasons — seventeen syllables at a time. With its mix of poetry and memoir (回忆录), the book guides us to the joy hidden in plain sight, leading us to get into a good state of body and mind. A Poem for Every Day — by Allie Esiri Kindle $ 9.99; Hardcover $ 28.05; Audio CD $ 18.05. This audio book is a collection of 366 poems which link to events on key dates — funny for April Fools’ Day, festive for Christmas. This is the perfect gift for poetry lovers of all ages. These poems are informative, peaceful, and energetic! There are a large number of poetry collections on Amazon. More information, please click here. 1. How much will you pay if you buy a paperback edition of Seeds from a Birch Tree? A. $ 7.00. B. $ 16.95. C. $ 26.80. D. $ 18.05. 2. According to the text, what can we learn about the books? A. Family: Poems features plain language. B. Time to Heal features colorful illustrations. C. Seeds from a Birch Tree focuses on human nature. D. A Poem for Every Day focuses on festive celebrations. 3. Who will be most interested in the website? A. Book publishers. B. College teachers. C. Book lovers. D. School administrators. B Arshad Nadeem made history at the 2024 Paris Olympics. The 27-year-old set a new Olympic record for the longest javelin throw — 92.97 meters and has become the first Pakistani to secure an individual gold medal at the Olympic Games. To celebrate the historic victory, the government gave him a Honda Civic car which has a special registration number of “PAK 92.97” and a record amount of money: 250 million rupees ($ 897,000). And one more historic thing: He is undoubtedly the first Olympic champion to receive a buffalo as a gift from his father-in-law. “I had been hoping for a piece of land since my father-in-law is wealthy,” Nadeem said seriously when a TV show host joked about the gift. “But a buffalo is far more valuable than that.” Actually that’s an understatement. The buffalo holds deep cultural significance in Nadeem’s hometown. “In rural communities, a buffalo is considered one of the most honorable and valuable gifts, much like camels in desert regions like Saudi Arabia,” said Rashad Bukhari, a cultural commentator born and raised in Punjab. Buffalo, which are called the “black gold” of Pakistan, are also valued for their milk. With a higher nutrition content than cow’s milk, buffalo milk makes up 72% of the nation’s milk supply. The milk is also well-suited to make ghee, a special butter that is a key part of the Pakistani diet. “An average buffalo lives for about 20 years. A female usually starts producing milk after birthing a first calf at 3 years old. Then it will continue giving milk for the rest of its life even if the calf is not around,” explained Dr. Burhan-e-Azam, an animal nutritionist at a buffalo research institute. “That’s why Pakistanis call a buffalo ‘a poor man’s bank’.” The importance of a buffalo for Punjab can be shown from the fact that in ancient times it was part of the dowry (嫁妆). But for Nadeem, the buffalo is not just symbolic. “My father-in-law’s gift ensures that I will have fresh milk as I train for my next competition,” added the javelin king. 4. What does “PAK 92.97” in the first paragraph stand for? A. The date of the record-breaking event. B. The new Olympic record set by a Pakistani. C. The price of the car given to the javelin king. D. The birth date of the Pakistani Olympic champion. 5. Why did Rashad Bukhari mention the camels? A. To stress the symbolism of a buffalo. B. To illustrate the size of a buffalo. C. To show the surviving ability of a buffalo. D. To compare the nutrition content. 6. What is special about ghee? A. It is nutritious. B. It is rare in Pakistan. C. It is black. D. It is made from cow’s milk. 7. What message has Arshad Nadeem most probably got from the buffalo gift? A. The dowry is very traditional. B. His country needs more victories. C. His wife’s family is very poor. D. His father-in-law cares for him a great deal. C Peru is prepared to approve new laws that would make it easier to investigate and punish researchers who engage in academic cheating, including paying to have their names added to a paper. The move comes as Peru’s national science agency seeks to crack down on authorship buying and other dishonest practices. It recently removed two scientists accused of dishonest publications from a national registry that is key to receiving government sponsor, job promotions, and salary bonuses. And officials are investigating more than 170 other researchers at a Peruvian media report claimed were involved in academic misconduct, including 72 listed n the national registry who work at 14 universities in Peru. The new laws will empower universities and government officials to punish such behavior. Dishonest publishing practices “transcend mere moral misbehavior” because they enable researchers to obtain government and private funding without telling the truth, says Edward Málaga Trillo, a member of Congress who is the driving force behind the bills, which lawmakers are expected to finalize early this year. “These individuals are operating academic cheating.” Peru’s academic community has been struggling with a rising tide of false authorship and related problems. One cause, some researchers say, is a 2014 law that aimed to stimulate research by rewarding researchers who boost their publishing output. For example, under a scoring system used by universities, researchers can earn five points for authorship in a high-impact journal, and two points when the journal is lower impact. A massing points can bring bonus payments and career promotion. Signs of dishonest publishing can be obvious, notes Nahuel Monteblanco, president of Cientificos. pe, a Peruvian group that investigates misconduct. Many of the papers cited by Punto Final have numerous co-authors from different nations with few prior publications on the same subject. “If your colleague consistently publishes 20 articles a year with co-authors from other countries, that’s highly suspect,” Monteblanco says. 8. What action did Peru take recently to address academic cheating? A. Fining 72 offenders for academic dishonesty. B. Disqualifying 2 scientists from a national registry. C. Punishing 170 researchers for academic misconduct. D. Withdrawing government fund from 14 universities. 9. Which of the following is closest in meaning to “transcend” in paragraph 3? A. Change. B. Strengthen. C. Go beyond. D. Approve of. 10. What do we know about the 2014 law in Peru? A. It advocated a fair scoring system. B. It applied to high-impact journals. C. It led to an increase in false authorship. D. It aimed to punish dishonest publishing. 11. The most suspicion might be given to a productive researcher with _________. A. career promotion B. consistent research focus C. few citations by Punto Final D. co-authors from various countries D Evolution (进化) can perform extraordinary makeovers; today’s airborne songbirds evolved from the wingless, earthbound dinosaurs that wandered millions of years ago. But some organisms seem to be unchanged — in other words, escape natural selection. The coelacanth, a modern-day fish, is nearly identical to its 410-million-year-old fossils. Scientists have long wondered how these species do so. It has been assumed that natural selection keeps some species unchanged by selecting for moderate or average qualities (stabilizing selection) rather than selecting for more extreme qualities that would cause a species to change (directional selection). But a study published in the National Academy of Sciences USA contradicts this idea, showing that evolution constantly favors different qualities in seemingly unchanging animals to improve short-term survival. In the long term, though, “all that evolution cancels out and leads to no change,” says the study’s lead author, James Stroud. Stroud and his colleagues studied for lizard (蜥蜴) specios; all relatively unchanged for 20 million years. The researchers caught members of these populations every six months for three years. They measured each lizard’s head size, leg length, mass and height, as well as the size of its sticky toes (脚趾头), noting which individuals survived. Stroud expected to observe stabılızıng selection at work preserving moderate qualities. Instead he saw clearer evidence of directional selection: some lizards with unique characteristics, such as stickier toes, survived better. “The study offers a good explanation for why we see what we think is stabiliring selection,” says Tadashi Fukami, an ecologist studying evolution at Stanford University. Many new qualities are evolving in the short term, but they don’t provide a crucial advantage over the long term. In other words, species staying unchanged may simply have found the best possible combination of qualities for lasting success in their environment. So what happens when the lizards’ environment changes more dramatically? To help answer this bigger question, Stroud is still making trips to visit the lizards. 12. Why does the author mention the “coelacanth fish” in paragraph 1? A. To demonstrate the power of evolution. B. To add evidence to natural selection. C. To give an example of unchanged species. D. To prove species' extraordinary makeovers. 13. What's the focus of paragraph 2? A. Unsolved mysteries. B. A common belief. C. A sharp contrast. D. Unique Characteristics. 14. How did Stroud conduct his research? A. By analyzing lizard fossils. B. By tracking research objects. C. By illustrating stabilizing selection. D. By categorizing qualities of lizards. 15. What will Stroud probably do in the future? A. Make trips to visit lizard experts. B. Summarize average features of lizards. C. Reveal the best combinations of qualities. D. Examine lizards under extreme conditions. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It seems that deep, long-lasting happiness comes from intangible (无形的) things, rather than things like chocolates and smart-phones. ______16______ People who have the support of family members and also have strong friendships are more likely to be happy. Feeling protected and respected and knowing you can trust in the people around you is vital. But happiness means you have to give and take, Performing acts of kindness and generosity on a regular basis, for example, listening to a friend in need or carrying a neighbor’s shopping, will make you feel on top of the world. ______17______ In fact, they say that one smile makes a person feel as good as eating 2,000 bars of chocolates (not all at once, of course). It is not surprising that health is another key contributor to happiness. ______18______ But being healthy and staying healthy require some effort. A healthy diet is crucial and so is regular exercise. Laziness will not make you happy. Exercising for 20 to 30 minutes a day helps to reduce stress and anxiety and makes you feel more positive and optimistic because it releases endorphins (feel-good chemicals). So, if you have been feeling blue and worrying too much about your exams, get exercising. ______19______ Talking of sleep, do you often wake up feeling miserable? ______20______ Teenagers tend to go to bed too late and have to get up early, so many suffer from a lack of sleep. Tiredness will certainly affect your happiness levels and put you in a bad mood. It also affects your ability to concentrate and may slow your growth. So if you want to be happy and do well at school, try to get at least eight hours of sleep a night. Now that you know the theory, it’s time to put it all into practice. A. You’ll also find that you sleep better. B. Even a simple smile can work wonders. C. One essential factor is human relationships. D. In the end, happiness comes from good sleep. E. If so, it’s probably because you haven’t had enough of it. F. Sustainable happiness may be more spiritual than material. G. Poor health will certainly make you feel down in the mouth. 第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Growing up in poverty in rural Kenya, Nelly Cheboi watched her single mother work tirelessly so she could attend school. From an early age, she realized that her family, along with others like hers in their village, was ____21____ a cycle that left them little hope. Cheboi attended college ____22____ scholarship in the United States, worked odd jobs to support her family, and discovered her ____23____ for computer science. She ____24____ the success in finding jobs to her computer literacy. She knew she wanted to share it with her ____25____ back home. Today, she’s giving 4,000 kids the chance for a ____26____ future through her nonprofit, TechLit Africa. The organization, whose name is short for Technologically Literate Africa, uses recycled ____27____ to create technology labs in schools in rural Kenya. In 2018, she began ____28____ recycled computers. She started small, carrying the machines to Kenya in check-on bags and ____29____ customs fees and taxes herself. TechLit Africa now works with shipping companies to ____30____ the donated computers so it’s more cost ____31____. The donated hardware is ____32____ to partner schools in rural Kenya, where students aged 4 to 12 receive daily classes and frequent ____33____ to learn from professionals and gain skills that will help improve their education and prepare them for future jobs. “My hope is that when the first TechLit kids graduate from high school they’re able to get a job online ____34____ they will know how to code,” Cheboi said. “The world is your oyster when you are educated. By bringing the resources, by bringing these skills, we are ____35____ the world to them.” 21. A. stricken by B. applied to C. stuck in D. prohibited from 22. A. beyond B. on C. against D. for 23. A. passion B. sympathy C. appreciation D. attraction 24. A. praised B. credited C. strengthened D. admitted 25. A. family B. friends C. colleagues D. community 26. A. stable B. uncertain C. brighter D. peaceful 27. A. computers B. textbooks C. materials D. wastes 28. A. programming B. studying C. purchasing D. accepting 29. A. cutting B. handling C. collecting D. charging 30. A. transplant B. translate C. transport D. transform 31. A. efficient B. rewarding C. accessible D. reliable 32. A. attached B. committed C. contributed D. distributed 33. A. alternatives B. opportunities C. occasions D. meetings 34. A. so B. before C. because D. and 35. A. opening up B. turning on C. caring about D. showing off 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The 21st century is dominated by more technology-oriented inventions than before. The 20th century saw man land on the moon. The 21st century will witness man landing on several planets. The first will be Mars, also ____36____ (know) as the Red Planet. As planned by NASA, the mission can ____37____ (achieve) by 2030. That will set a precedent (先例) for explorations by future generations. Furthermore, increased investment in research is likely ____38____ (lead) to the discovery of a vaccine for AIDS. Technology is advancing fast. Social media at present acts as one of the leading ____39____ (source) of news and interaction, ____40____ has a negative influence on traditional media, ____41____ (particular) print newspapers. Social media will soon take over the market. Mobile phones will play a greater role ____42____ the purchase of goods, as well as the withdrawing and depositing (储存) of money. Electronic money will replace paper money. In addition, with declining oil reserves across the world, electric cars will replace petrol cars in a few decades. As ____43____ result, there will be a major shift in job trends. Global warming will become an even ____44____ (big) problem, with sea levels ____45____ (continue) to rise. Freshwater sources will be polluted. Fresh water will become a major issue. Hence environmental destruction will increase greatly. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你们学校举办了一个英语演讲比赛，请你以“Healthy eating”为主题写一篇演讲稿，内容包含以下三点： 1.健康饮食的意义； 2.学生中存在的不良饮食现象； 3.给出健康饮食的建议。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文流畅。 Hello, everyone! ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thanks for your listening! 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I am a senior one student named Leo. I used to be a total couch potato and I’d rather stick to my classroom seat or dorm bed than step outside for even a minute. For meals, I always reached for instant noodles or fried chicken. After school, I would spend all my time on mobile games until midnight, paying no attention to any kind of physical activity. As time went by, the situation became worse, and slowly, my body began to send out warnings. Every class felt like a big struggle. I felt sleepy in class all the time, and I could hardly focus on the teacher’s words. My teacher noticed my tired eyes more than once, and finally, she held my arm gently and told me to go to the school doctor for a check-up. After a thorough examination, the doctor said my poor health was caused by too little exercise,irregular sleep, and an unhealthy diet. She frowned(皱眉) slightly as she warned me that if I didn’t change, it would harm my long-term health. When my classmate Jason heard about this, he kindly invited me to join the school running club.To be honest, I felt ashamed of my poor fitness. So, his invitation fell on deaf ears. I stuck to my old habits, telling myself I was just“not the sporty type.”I thought I would be fine, but my body didn’t lie. Last week, we had the regular 800-meter test in PE class. As everyone else lined up, my heart sank. I dragged my feet to the starting line, hoping just to finish. But after only 200 meters, it was as if all the warnings came crashing down on me. I was gasping(喘气) for air, and I had to stop, my face pale not just from effort, but from a sudden, clear realisation of how weak I had become. 注意： 1.续写词数应为 150 左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 It was at that moment that I recalled Jason’s invitation. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Weeks of regular running brought great changes to my life. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $