外刊英语阅读汇编-2027届高三英语二轮阅读理解专项练习（九）

**基本信息** 以“人与自我/社会/自然”主题为载体，通过16道题系统训练细节定位、推理分析等阅读技巧，解析提炼题型解法，构建“主题-题型-方法”逻辑链，提升语言理解与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |人与自我·大脑可塑性|4题|事实细节题定位原文首段，因果推理题分析神经连接消退机制|从科学现象到学习方法，由浅入深培养逻辑分析能力| |人与自我·碎片化阅读|4题|细节理解题区分深浅层信息处理，观点态度题定位专家建议|从问题现象到解决方案，提升信息筛选与批判性思维| |人与社会·AI与手工艺|4题|观点态度题识别辅助与替代关系，细节题定位3D扫描功能|从技术应用到文化传承，融合科技与人文素养| |人与自然·微塑料治理|4题|事实细节题梳理污染来源与措施，写作目的题提炼全球合作主旨|从环境问题到治理实践，增强家国情怀与全球意识|

外刊英语阅读汇编 2026-2027 高三英语二轮阅读理解专项练习（九） 篇目总主题清单 Passage 1：人与自我・长期坚持与大脑可塑性 Passage 2：人与自我・碎片化阅读对深度思考的负面影响 Passage 3：人与社会・人工智能辅助传统手工艺传承 Passage 4：人与自然・海洋微塑料污染及中国治理方案 一、阅读理解 Passage 1 How Consistent Practice Reshapes Our Brain Many people hold the misunderstanding that intelligence is fixed once we reach adulthood. However, neuroscientists have proved that the human brain keeps plastic throughout one’s whole life, meaning repeated long-term practice can rebuild brain structures and greatly improve personal abilities. This brain change rule explains why consistent daily efforts beat occasional short bursts of hard work in study and skill learning. Researchers carried out a two-year tracking experiment on two groups of volunteers. Group A spent 30 minutes practicing a new skill every single day, while Group B practiced the same skill for three hours only once a week. Brain scans taken every six months showed obvious differences. Group A developed denser neural connections in the brain area related to that skill, while Group B barely showed any stable brain changes, even though their total weekly practice time was equal. The brain’s plastic change relies on slow, continuous stimulation instead of temporary high-intensity training. When you keep practicing a small task daily, your brain automatically strengthens relevant neural pathways during rest and sleep. On the contrary, long intervals between training make the newly formed weak nerve connections fade away quickly. This explains why students who cram knowledge before exams usually forget most content within a short time. The research brings practical guidance for students’ daily learning. Instead of staying up late to finish all learning tasks on weekends, learners should arrange short fixed daily study plans. Steady daily practice builds lasting memory and stable ability, which helps form long-term competitive advantages in academic performance and skill mastery. Questions 1.What’s the common wrong idea about human intelligence? A. Daily practice can change brain structures. B. Adults’ intelligence stays unchanged. C. Short-time hard work works better than daily practice. D. Brain scans can record neural connections clearly. 2.What was the difference found in the two groups’ brain scans? A. Group B spent more total time on skill training. B. Group A formed more stable neural links related to the skill. C. Group B showed better short-term learning results. D. Group A had shorter training time each week. 3.Why does exam cramming produce poor long-term memory? A. It creates too many complex neural pathways. B. Long breaks between learning weaken new nerve links. C. It provides continuous stimulation for the brain. D. Short daily practice fails to form memory points. 4.What learning suggestion does the text put forward? A. Finish all learning tasks during weekends. B. Take long breaks between every learning session. C. Carry out short fixed daily study plans. D. Do high-intensity training once a week. Passage 2 The Hidden Cost of Scattered Digital Reading Nowadays, most people get information through short articles, short videos and brief online posts, forming a habit of fragmented reading. This convenient reading way saves time, yet it gradually weakens people’s ability of deep, continuous thinking, according to educational psychologists. When we read short scattered content, our brain only activates shallow information processing areas. We just absorb isolated facts without connecting ideas, analyzing logic or thinking over hidden meanings. Researchers compared two reading modes: continuous whole-book reading and short scattered online reading. Participants who only read fragmented texts performed much worse in logical reasoning and long article comprehension tests. The loss of deep thinking ability brings wide negative effects on students. When facing long reading materials in exams or complex academic papers, they easily lose train of thought, fail to sort out text logic and struggle to grasp the core argument. Many teachers have noticed that modern students are good at grasping simple short messages but poor at analyzing long complex passages. Experts do not refuse digital reading entirely. Instead, they advise people to balance scattered information browsing and deep reading every day. Set aside 30 to 60 minutes for continuous long-text reading without phone interruptions. Regular deep reading exercises can protect and restore our brain’s ability to focus on complex logical texts. Questions 1.What problem does fragmented reading bring to people? A. It takes too much spare time every day. B. It weakens the ability of deep continuous thinking. C. It provides limited useful information. D. It makes people dislike online information. 2.What happens to our brain during scattered reading? A. It focuses on logical analysis of full texts. B. It connects different ideas naturally. C. It only works on shallow information processing. D. It forms stable long-term thinking habits. 3.What difficulty do students with fragmented reading habits meet in study? A. They can’t understand simple short messages. B. They can’t sort out logic of long complex texts. C. They spend too much time on whole-book reading. D. They refuse to finish daily reading tasks. 4.What is experts’ advice on digital reading? A. Give up all short online reading completely. B. Spend all spare time reading long academic papers. C. Balance scattered browsing and uninterrupted deep reading. D. Stop using mobile phones for all reading activities. Passage 3 AI Helps Revive Traditional Chinese Handicrafts Many traditional Chinese handicrafts such as paper-cutting, embroidery and clay sculpture face the risk of fading away. Young people lack time to learn complex handcraft skills, and old craftsmen are aging with few successors. In recent years, artificial intelligence has become a new helper to pass down these precious cultural treasures. AI technology works in two major ways to protect handicrafts. First, high-definition scanning and 3D modeling record every detail of classic craft works, building a permanent digital cultural database. Even if old works are damaged or lost, their complete digital copies can be stored forever. Second, AI generates countless new design patterns based on traditional craft styles, combining classic elements with modern aesthetic tastes to attract young consumers. Many handicraft studios have adopted AI auxiliary tools. New learners can use AI to simulate craft making steps and practice basic skills before real handwork, greatly lowering learning difficulty. Meanwhile, AI-designed handicraft products are popular among young buyers online, bringing stable income for aging craftsmen and supporting the inheritance of old skills. Nevertheless, researchers remind that AI is only an auxiliary tool rather than a replacement for handmade crafts. The unique temperature and emotional expression of hand-made works cannot be copied by machines. The final goal of applying AI is to offer more chances for traditional handicrafts to survive and thrive in the modern age. Questions 1.What trouble do Chinese traditional handicrafts face? A. Too many young people take up craft making. B. Old craftsmen can’t create new design styles. C. Few young people take over these complex skills. D. Digital databases destroy classic craft works. 2.What is the function of 3D scanning AI technology for handicrafts? A. Create totally modern craft styles without traditional elements. B. Build permanent digital records of classic craft details. C. Replace manual making to produce all handicrafts. D. Sell handmade craft products to overseas buyers. 3.How does AI lower the learning difficulty of handicrafts? A. It simulates craft production steps for beginners to practice. B. It teaches learners all complex handwork skills automatically. C. It produces finished craft products for new learners directly. D. It replaces old craftsmen to guide young learners. 4.What is the author’s attitude toward AI and traditional handicrafts? A. AI will completely replace handmade craft works in the future. B. AI only brings limited negative influence to handcraft inheritance. C. AI acts as helpful support instead of a substitute for handwork. D. Handicrafts should refuse all kinds of artificial intelligence tools. Passage 4 Microplastic Pollution in Oceans and China’s Solutions Microplastics are tiny plastic pieces smaller than five millimeters, produced by broken plastic waste, cosmetic additives and textile washing. They flow into oceans through rivers, rainwater and daily sewage, causing serious damage to marine ecosystems. Marine animals easily eat microplastics by mistake, which harms their digestion and even leads to death. The worldwide spread of ocean microplastics has become a serious global environmental problem. In the past decade, Chinese scientists carried out large-scale ocean sampling research and found microplastic distribution rules in coastal waters. Based on the research data, China has put forward a series of targeted control measures. First, the country released strict industry standards to limit microplastic additives in daily cosmetics and clothing fabrics. Second, urban sewage treatment plants added special filtering devices to trap tiny plastic particles before wastewater flows into rivers. Third, China promotes plastic recycling and biodegradable alternative materials to cut plastic waste at its source. China’s ocean microplastic control program offers practical experience for other countries. Environmental scientists point out that ocean pollution is a shared challenge for all mankind. Only joint global action can effectively reduce microplastic harm to marine creatures and maintain the balance of ocean ecosystems. Questions 1.Where do ocean microplastics come from? A. Natural mineral breakdown under seawater. B. Broken plastic waste, cosmetics and textile washing. C. Chemical waste from ocean fishing boats. D. Natural waste produced by marine animals. 2.What harm do microplastics bring to marine life? A. They change the color of seawater greatly. B. They make seawater temperature rise sharply. C. Marine animals may eat them and suffer physical damage. D. They accelerate the growth of sea plants. 3.Which measure has China taken to control microplastic pollution? A. Ban all cosmetics and textile production industries. B. Set strict limits on microplastic additives in daily goods. C. Stop all fishing activities along coastal areas. D. Remove all plastic waste already existing in oceans. 4.What message does the last paragraph convey? A. Ocean microplastic pollution can be solved by China alone. B. Other countries should copy all environmental rules of China. C. Global cooperation is needed to deal with ocean plastic pollution. D. Marine ecosystems have already recovered well with China’s efforts. 参考答案 & 逐题精细解析 Passage 1 答案：1.B 2.B 3.B 4.C 主题：大脑具有终身可塑性，对比短期突击与每日稳定练习两种学习模式，说明长期小幅持续训练更利于稳固塑造大脑神经通路，给学生提供科学学习方法。 1.事实细节题 定位文章首段。大众普遍存在误区：人成年后智力就固定不变。 A、D 属于文中经过科学证实的客观事实，并非人们的错误认知；C 与原文观点完全相反。故选 B。 2.细节理解题 定位第二段对照实验与脑部扫描结果。每日坚持练习的 A 组，大脑中对应技能区域形成了更密集、稳定的神经连接。 A：两组每周总练习时长相等；C：文中未提及 B 组短期学习效果更好；D：A 组每日练习时长固定 30 分钟，每周总时长少于 B 组，并非题干问的脑部扫描差异。故选 B。 3.因果推理题 定位第三段。短期突击复习间隔太久，新生成的脆弱神经连接会快速消退，因此考前突击很难形成长期记忆。 A、C 与原文表述相反；D：每日短时练习恰恰利于巩固记忆。故选 B。 4.细节建议题 定位末段。文章建议学生制定简短、固定的每日学习计划，依靠长期稳定积累提升能力。 A、B、D 均为文中不推荐的低效学习方式。故选 C。 Passage 2 答案：1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 主题：碎片化数字阅读的弊端，长期碎片化浏览会弱化深度逻辑思考能力，专家建议平衡碎片化信息浏览与不间断长篇深度阅读。 1.事实细节题 定位第一段。碎片化阅读虽便捷，但会逐步削弱人们深度、连贯思考的能力。 A、C、D 原文无对应信息，属于无中生有。故选 B。 2.细节理解题 定位第二段。阅读零散短内容时，大脑仅启动浅层信息处理区域，不会串联观点、梳理逻辑。 A、B、D 均是深度阅读时大脑的工作状态。故选 C。 3.细节理解题 定位第三段。习惯碎片化阅读的学生，面对长篇复杂文本时难以梳理文章逻辑，抓不住核心论点。 A 与原文 “擅长读懂简短信息” 相悖；C、D 文中未提及。故选 B。 4.细节理解题 定位尾段。专家不否定电子碎片化阅读，主张平衡碎片化浏览与不受打扰的深度长文阅读。 A 表述绝对，完全放弃短阅读不符合专家观点；B、D 过度极端，原文无相关建议。故选 C。 Passage 3 答案：1.C 2.B 3.A 4.C 主题：人工智能助力剪纸、刺绣等中国传统手工艺传承，通过数字存档、新式设计、模拟实操降低学习门槛，同时点明 AI 仅为辅助，无法替代手工人文温度。 1.事实细节题 定位首段。传统手工艺面临传承危机：年轻人不愿花费时间学习复杂技艺，老匠人老龄化、后继无人。 A 和原文现状相反；B、D 无文本依据。故选 C。 2.细节理解题 定位第二段。高清扫描 + 3D 建模技术能够完整记录传统手工艺品细节，搭建永久数字资料库留存作品。 A：AI 设计会融合传统元素，并非完全抛弃传统；C：AI 仅辅助，不能完全替代手工制作；D：文中未提及海外销售功能。故选 B。 3.细节理解题 定位第三段。AI 可以模拟完整手工制作步骤，供新手提前练习基础操作，降低入门难度。 B、C、D 夸大 AI 作用，AI 无法自动教会全部复杂手艺，也不能直接产出成品、替代老匠人教学。故选 A。 4.观点态度题 定位最后一段。作者明确提出 AI 只是辅助工具，无法替代手工作品独有的人文温度与情感表达。 A、D 观点过于绝对；B 错误，文段重点讲 AI 带来积极助力，而非负面影响。故选 C。 Passage 4 答案：1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 主题：海洋微塑料污染的来源、对海洋生物的危害，介绍中国出台的源头管控、污水过滤、可降解材料推广等治理措施，呼吁全球联合治理海洋污染。 1.事实细节题 定位第一段。海洋微塑料来源：塑料废弃物碎片、化妆品添加微颗粒、衣物洗涤产生的塑料纤维。 A 属于自然矿物，和微塑料无关；C、D 原文未提及。故选 B。 2.细节理解题 定位第一段。海洋生物容易误吞微塑料，损伤消化系统，严重时会死亡。 A、B、D 文中均没有相关危害描述。故选 C。 3.事实细节题 定位第三段。我国出台严格行业标准，限制日用品中添加微塑料，从源头管控污染。 A、C、D 表述极端，我国并未禁止化妆品、纺织、渔业，也无法彻底清理海中已存在塑料垃圾。故选 B。 4.写作目的题 定位尾段。海洋塑料污染是全人类共同难题，仅靠单一国家无法根治，需要全球协同治理。 A、B 夸大单一国家作用；D 无中生有，未提及海洋生态已恢复。故选 C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $