精品解析：山东省烟台市长岛综试区2025--2026学年度第二学期期末考试八年级英语试卷（五四学制）

2025—2026学年度第二学期期末阶段性测试初三英语试题 温馨提示： 1. 本试卷共8页，满分90分；考试时间100分钟。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 2. 答题前，务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡规定的位置上。 3. 选择题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。 4. 非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内相应位置；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。 5. 在试卷上和答题卡指定区域外的答案无效。 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Do young people still need to learn everyday life skills in the internet age? To find out, we surveyed 1, 000 young people. Q: Is it important to learn life skills? Q: What life skills do you want to learn? Q: Why do you spend time learning life skills? Lisa: We live and learn. It’s fun to learn something new and that makes our life colorful. Peter: I want to do everything by myself. I don’t want to ask my parents for help all the time. Helen: Learning something new can be exciting. When I study with others, I can make more friends. It is also a good way to relax. 1. What can we learn from the chart (图表) ? A. Everyone should learn all the life skills. B. Most young people find life skills helpful. C. Only a few people request to learn life skills. D. Half of the young people dislike learning life skills. 2. Which life skill is the most popular among young people? A. Shopping for food. B. First aid. C. Tidying and organizing. D. Doing housework. 3. Why would Peter like to learn life skills? A. Because it makes him feel relaxed. B. Because it makes his life more colorful. C. Because he wants to make more friends. D. Because it helps him become independent. B China is a nation of etiquette (礼仪). Chinese people are among the most hospitable (好客的) people in the world. If foreigners visit a Chinese family, they would be surprised at the warmth that they would receive as guests. When you visit a foreign family, the host may prepare coffee for you. But in a Chinese family, the host usually makes tea for you. Then he will serve you fruit and snacks. Someone in the family will also talk with you, never letting you feel lonely. At the same time, other family members will prepare a meal for you. Chinese people treat (款待) their guests with a big meal. They always provide more food than the guests can eat. And the guests must be the first to eat. Perhaps one of the things that surprises Western guests most is that the Chinese host likes to pick up food for the guests. This won’t happen at Western tables. The Chinese families try their best to make you feel at home. As you finish eating, the host usually says, “It seems that you didn’t eat much. Please have more.” Although you tell them you are full, they still put more food in your bowl. Being warm and hospitable has been an important part of Chinese culture and tradition. As Confucius (孔子) said thousands of years ago: To meet friends from afar, How happy we are! 4. As a guest in a Chinese family, you are usually offered ________ by the host. A. tea and snacks B. tea and coffee C. coffee and fruit D. coffee and snacks 5. The Chinese family members usually ________. A. eat with the guests at the same time B. show the guests the process of making food C. invite the guests to eat by themselves D. offer the guests more than enough food 6. How is the text organized? (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2, …) A. B. C. D. 7. The text mainly tells us about ________. A. the spread of Chinese traditional culture B. how Chinese people treat the guests C. how Chinese people get on with foreigners D. the differences between China and western countries C At my primary school, I was one of the smartest kids there. I never studied, but always got perfect scores. I thought I was born clever. At least I believed so. I was also a prodigy in music according to myself. I could sing better than almost everyone else in my school. I was pretty sure that once I got to the next grade, everyone would be surprised by me. But actually, they weren’t. When I arrived at my new class, I couldn’t wait to show everyone what I could do. However, there was always someone else who could do them better. My grades began to fall. More talented girls often sang solo (独唱) . I believed I wasn’t talented. I believed I was a failure. Over the next three years, I had to work very hard. Every prize for the singing competition was given to me for hard work. Grades were improving little by little. I worked really hard. However, I was never the best at everything. I was deeply upset. “You really don’t have to be the best at everything. You are too hard on yourself. In fact, when you are not the best one, your classmates never laugh at you. You don’t have to treat the result too seriously. Just be yourself. If you try your best to improve yourself, it’s OK. We are proud of you. You are still the best in my heart,” Mom said. Thanks to my dear mom, what she said changed me a lot. No one is perfect. There will probably always be someone better than me at something. Anyway, there are too many people in this world. I will never be the number one at everything. But I will never give up trying. I just want to be the best of myself. 8. What do the underlined words “a prodigy” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. A smart kid. B. A crazy fan. C. A common child. D. A lazy girl. 9. When the writer was at the new class, ________. A. she lost her interest in music B. she had difficulty in learning C. she surprised everyone in solos D. she got on badly with her classmates 10. What happened to the writer during the next three years? A. She won many prizes without any study. B. She found the best way to become perfect. C. She gave up trying because of the low scores. D. She failed to be perfect though she worked hard. 11. What has the writer realized recently? A. There is no success without study. B. Being talented is the key to success. C. She shouldn’t expect too much of herself. D. It’s important to care about the result. D Through ultra-low temperature lychee preservation (荔枝超低温保鲜) technology, lychees from Guangdong can be sold to more countries. Zhu Zhiwei is an expert at a University. He said, “With the technology, the preservation period of lychees can be increased to one year. Also, the quality (质量) is for sure. It allows people to enjoy fresh lychees all year round.” ▲ There are lots of Guangdong lychees in supermarkets in the United States. The prices have risen from $4. 99 to $5. 99 a pound (0.45 kilogram) in recent years. The sales period of the fruit usually starts from May and ends in July. Because of the hot weather, lychee growers and sellers in China were troubled. In the fridge (冰箱), lychees can be stored for about 10 days. But the new technology can quickly freeze lychees below -35°C to store for one year. People now try to use the way to keep more than 2,000 tons of the fruit fresh. The technology will help solve the problem of selling bad lychees and selling them at high prices. And it will improve the quality of lychees in the future. With the help of it, lychees can keep the bright color and the good taste for a long time. It meets the demands of some countries, including the US, Japan and so on. The technology is safe and easy to use. People will try to use it in keeping other fruits and vegetables fresh in the following years. 12. What did Zhu Zhiwei think of the new technology? A. It would make the preservation period of lychees last longer. B. There was no need to worry about the taste of lychees. C. Lychees from Guangdong could be sold to any country. D. People could enjoy different kinds of fresh fruits all year round. 13. Which of the following can be put in ▲ in Paragraph 2? A. The price of lychees depends on the price of other fruits. B. Lychee is a popular fruit that is good for people’s health. C. Lychee really plays a big part in Guangdong’s fruit market. D. It is hard to store lychees for a long period without technology. 14. What does the underlined word “demands” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Rules. B. Needs. C. Goals. D. Habits. 15. What is the best title for the passage? A. Future of Lychee Preservation Technology B. History of Lychee Preservation Technology C. Introduction of Lychee Preservation Technology D. Background of Lychee Preservation Technology 第二节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 My dear boys and girls, good morning. Today I’m going to talk to you about my understanding of learning history. ___16___ You may often wonder why we students should study something that has nothing to do with our own lives. If you think that way, I should say you are far from the truth. In fact, if we study history, we can learn quite a lot about personal stories and events. The people who came before us helped build and develop the country we are living in. ___17___ Studying the past helps us to understand what our ancestors’ (祖先) lives were like. And it also helps us to see how their experiences have shaped our own life. To be honest, not everything that happened in the past is good. Some of them help us understand the mistakes of the past. And these mistakes will help people not to do the same wrong things. ___18___ Whether we like the subject of history or not, we must understand the importance of the events and the people who came before us. And the decisions of our own generation (一代人) will finally influence those who come after us. Only in this way, the world is truly connected. ___19___ History is the study of people, places, and events that can influence the future. ___20___ Or do you have any doubt about learning history? If you have any question, just feel free to ask. A. History is not just a study of the past. B. The mistakes of the past have nothing to do with us. C. Now do you still think studying history is a sad thing? D. People often learn from the past to have a better future. E. Many of you may think it is a terrible thing to study history. F. Their ideas often help solve many of our problems and troubles. 第二部分 语言知识应用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The youngest daughter of Emperor Yan loved watching the sunrise. She once asked her father where the sun rose. Her father said it was in the Eastern Sea. She got very excited and ____21____ her father to take her there, but he thought she was too ____22____ to go there. One day, the little princess went to the Eastern Sea alone without ____23____ anyone. She jumped into the sea and planned to swim there. ____24____, there was a strong wind in the sea and she died because of it. After her death, she ____25____ a beautiful bird and people called her “Jing Wei”. Jing Wei hated the sea very much because it took away her life. The small bird ____26____ to fill up the sea in order to keep others from falling into it. From then on, Jing Wei flew across the mountain and the Eastern Sea, carrying twigs (细枝) and pebbles (卵石) and dropping them into the ____27____. Day after day, she never stopped. The sea ____28____ Jing Wei and said, “Stop doing that, little bird. It is ____29____ for you to fill me up.” “I’ll fill you up no matter how hard it is,” replied Jing Wei. The brave little bird ____30____ doing this without taking a rest. Now we often use the story to describe people who will not give up until they realize their dreams. 21. A. promised B. warned C. allowed D. asked 22. A. young B. angry C. excited D. busy 23. A. making B. putting C. telling D. sharing 24. A. Unluckily B. Usually C. Recently D. Completely 25. A. got into B. turned into C. walked into D. ran into 26. A. decided B. cheated C. refused D. disliked 27. A. river B. mountain C. boat D. sea 28. A. looked like B. laughed at C. looked after D. helped with 29. A. necessary B. nervous C. impossible D. important 30. A. began B. avoided C. suggested D. continued 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On Pingjiang Road in Suzhou, 65-year-old Ms Wu runs a traditional tea house for 30years. She never expected ___31___ (her) to become a tea master who helped build a cultural bridge. It started in 2015 when a German tourist named Klaus walked into her shop. With the help of a phone app, Ms Wu ___32___ (patient) showed him the way to properly brew (沏) Biluochun, Suzhou’s famous green tea. Klaus returned every day that week and ___33___ (bring) more friends each time. Seeing how ___34___ (interest) they were in Chinese tea, Ms Wu started a weekly activity called “Tea Culture Saturdays”. She showed foreigners ___35___ to brew tea with traditional ways—from choosing the water temperature to ___36___ (follow) tea-making rules. Her daughter Lily, a college student, helped translate. Soon, her tea house was always crowded with ___37___ (visit) , including students and business people from many places. “I used to think foreigners wouldn’t understand our tea culture, ___38___ they love it deeply. Some of them even treat their friends to Chinese tea at home,” Ms Wu said. One of her favourite moments was when Sarah, a Canadian, gave her a notebook ___39___ (fill) with tea notes written in both English and Chinese. “This is why I keep teaching,” Ms Wu said, showing the treasured notebook. Now, her tea house appears in travel guides as “Suzhou’s cultural living room”. For tourists, every cup of tea served is ____40____ window on the tea culture of this ancient city. 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题 In China, writing brushes, ink (墨锭) sticks, paper and ink stones are called the Four Treasures of the Study. Among the high-quality (高质量) treasures, the writing brush produced in Huzhou, the ink stick produced in Huizhou, the xuan paper made in Xuancheng and the ink stone made in Duanxi are the best known. The writing brushes can be used to draw pictures on painted pottery (彩陶). People mainly use the hair of animals to make them. Those made of wool (羊毛) are called yanghao and those made of the weasel’s (鼬) tail hair are called langhao. Their artistic effects (效果) in writing and painting cannot be copied by any other pens. The ink stick is the pigment (颜料) used in writing and painting. The ink stick produced in Huizhou is of high-quality. A story goes like this: Two famous skilled men, Xi Chao and his son, produced a kind of high-quality ink stick. The emperor in the Southern Tang dynasty was very happy and decided to give them the family name “Li”. From then on, the name of the Li Ink Stick was widespread. In the Song dynasty, its producing area was changed to Huizhou, and it was then called the Hui Ink Stick. Paper is among the four great inventions of ancient China. In Xuanzhou, Anhui Province where the xuan paper is produced, it’s said that there was a person who took the job of producing paper but failed to make perfect white paper. Later he happened to see the sandalwood (檀木) in the river. It was wet with the water and turned white. Then he used the bark (树皮) to produce the xuan paper. The ink stone was already very popular in the Han dynasty. People saw the appearance of the Four Famous Ink Stones—Duan Ink Stone, She Ink Stone, Tao Ink Stone and Chengni Ink Stone in the Ming and Qing dynasties. They can be used for writing and painting. 41. What are the writing brushes mainly made of? ________________________________________________________ 42. Why did Xi Chao and his son get the family name from the emperor? ________________________________________________________ 43. What does “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to (指的是)? ________________________________________________________ 44. How did the person find the way to make the famous xuan paper by accident? (No more than 20 words) ________________________________________________________ 45. When did the Four Famous Ink Stones appear? ________________________________________________________ 第二节 写作（满分：17分+3分卷面分） 46. 成长过程中，每个人都会发生变化。请你结合自身实际，谈谈自己过去和现在在性格、生活或学习方法等方面的变化，并分享你的感受。 写作要点： 1. What did you use to be like? 2. How have you changed over the years? 3. Your opinions on the changes. 要求： 1. 内容必须包括以上所给信息，可适当发挥； 2. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名； 3. 开头已给出，不计入总词数； 4. 词数：100词左右。 5. 有卷面分。 （1）书写规范 （2）卷面整洁 （3）间距合理 Everyone changes as they grow up, and so do I. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025—2026学年度第二学期期末阶段性测试初三英语试题 温馨提示： 1. 本试卷共8页，满分90分；考试时间100分钟。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 2. 答题前，务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡规定的位置上。 3. 选择题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。 4. 非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内相应位置；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。 5. 在试卷上和答题卡指定区域外的答案无效。 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Do young people still need to learn everyday life skills in the internet age? To find out, we surveyed 1, 000 young people. Q: Is it important to learn life skills? Q: What life skills do you want to learn? Q: Why do you spend time learning life skills? Lisa: We live and learn. It’s fun to learn something new and that makes our life colorful. Peter: I want to do everything by myself. I don’t want to ask my parents for help all the time. Helen: Learning something new can be exciting. When I study with others, I can make more friends. It is also a good way to relax. 1. What can we learn from the chart (图表) ? A. Everyone should learn all the life skills. B. Most young people find life skills helpful. C. Only a few people request to learn life skills. D. Half of the young people dislike learning life skills. 2. Which life skill is the most popular among young people? A. Shopping for food. B. First aid. C. Tidying and organizing. D. Doing housework. 3. Why would Peter like to learn life skills? A. Because it makes him feel relaxed. B. Because it makes his life more colorful. C. Because he wants to make more friends. D. Because it helps him become independent. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要展示了一项针对1000名年轻人的调查结果，围绕“互联网时代年轻人是否需要学习日常生活技能”展开，分别呈现了年轻人对生活技能重要性的态度、热门想学的生活技能占比，以及不同年轻人学习生活技能的原因。 【1题详解】 根据第一个饼图数据，“They learn a lot”表明49.7%的人认为他们学到了很多，“Some of them are useful”表明43.2%认为部分生活技能有用，二者相加的和超过90%，“The young don’t need them”表明仅7.1%的人认为不需要生活技能，说明大多数年轻人都认为生活技能是有用的，对应B选项。 【2题详解】 根据第二个图的占比数据，收纳整理（Tidying and organizing）占比46.2%，是所有技能里占比最高的，也就是最受年轻人欢迎的。 【3题详解】 原文中“Peter”表示“I want to do everything by myself. I don’t want to ask my parents for help all the time.”，即想要自己做所有事，不想一直求助父母，说明他学习生活技能是为了变得独立。 B China is a nation of etiquette (礼仪). Chinese people are among the most hospitable (好客的) people in the world. If foreigners visit a Chinese family, they would be surprised at the warmth that they would receive as guests. When you visit a foreign family, the host may prepare coffee for you. But in a Chinese family, the host usually makes tea for you. Then he will serve you fruit and snacks. Someone in the family will also talk with you, never letting you feel lonely. At the same time, other family members will prepare a meal for you. Chinese people treat (款待) their guests with a big meal. They always provide more food than the guests can eat. And the guests must be the first to eat. Perhaps one of the things that surprises Western guests most is that the Chinese host likes to pick up food for the guests. This won’t happen at Western tables. The Chinese families try their best to make you feel at home. As you finish eating, the host usually says, “It seems that you didn’t eat much. Please have more.” Although you tell them you are full, they still put more food in your bowl. Being warm and hospitable has been an important part of Chinese culture and tradition. As Confucius (孔子) said thousands of years ago: To meet friends from afar, How happy we are! 4. As a guest in a Chinese family, you are usually offered ________ by the host. A. tea and snacks B. tea and coffee C. coffee and fruit D. coffee and snacks 5. The Chinese family members usually ________. A. eat with the guests at the same time B. show the guests the process of making food C. invite the guests to eat by themselves D. offer the guests more than enough food 6. How is the text organized? (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2, …) A. B. C. D. 7. The text mainly tells us about ________. A. the spread of Chinese traditional culture B. how Chinese people treat the guests C. how Chinese people get on with foreigners D. the differences between China and western countries 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述中国是礼仪之邦，详细介绍中国人招待客人的各类习俗，并点明热情好客是中华传统文化的重要部分。 【4题详解】 根据第二段第二、三句“But in Chinese family, the host usually makes tea for you. Then he will serve you fruit and snacks.”可知，主人通常会为客人提供茶、水果和点心。 【5题详解】 根据第三段第三句“They always provide more food than the guests can eat.”可知，中国家庭总会准备远超客人食量的饭菜招待客人。 【6题详解】 全文第一段总述中国人热情好客，第二、三段分别介绍待客的茶水点心、宴席习俗，第四段总结热情好客是中国传统文化，属于总分总结构，对应图示①总起，②③分述，④总结。 【7题详解】 全文围绕中国人接待客人的各类礼仪、做法展开叙述可知，文章核心是介绍中国人如何招待宾客。 C At my primary school, I was one of the smartest kids there. I never studied, but always got perfect scores. I thought I was born clever. At least I believed so. I was also a prodigy in music according to myself. I could sing better than almost everyone else in my school. I was pretty sure that once I got to the next grade, everyone would be surprised by me. But actually, they weren’t. When I arrived at my new class, I couldn’t wait to show everyone what I could do. However, there was always someone else who could do them better. My grades began to fall. More talented girls often sang solo (独唱) . I believed I wasn’t talented. I believed I was a failure. Over the next three years, I had to work very hard. Every prize for the singing competition was given to me for hard work. Grades were improving little by little. I worked really hard. However, I was never the best at everything. I was deeply upset. “You really don’t have to be the best at everything. You are too hard on yourself. In fact, when you are not the best one, your classmates never laugh at you. You don’t have to treat the result too seriously. Just be yourself. If you try your best to improve yourself, it’s OK. We are proud of you. You are still the best in my heart,” Mom said. Thanks to my dear mom, what she said changed me a lot. No one is perfect. There will probably always be someone better than me at something. Anyway, there are too many people in this world. I will never be the number one at everything. But I will never give up trying. I just want to be the best of myself. 8. What do the underlined words “a prodigy” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. A smart kid. B. A crazy fan. C. A common child. D. A lazy girl. 9. When the writer was at the new class, ________. A. she lost her interest in music B. she had difficulty in learning C. she surprised everyone in solos D. she got on badly with her classmates 10. What happened to the writer during the next three years? A. She won many prizes without any study. B. She found the best way to become perfect. C. She gave up trying because of the low scores. D. She failed to be perfect though she worked hard. 11. What has the writer realized recently? A. There is no success without study. B. Being talented is the key to success. C. She shouldn’t expect too much of herself. D. It’s important to care about the result. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者小学时自恃聪明有天赋，进入新年级后发现总有人比自己更优秀，一度陷入自我怀疑；努力三年后依然没能做到事事顶尖，在妈妈的开导下，作者最终明白：没有人是完美的，不必强求自己事事第一，只要坚持努力、做最好的自己就足够了。 【8题详解】 根据第一段上下文“I was one of the smartest kids there…I was also a prodigy in music…I could sing better than almost everyone else”可知，作者自认为在音乐方面很有天赋，是个“神童”。在选项中，“A smart kid”与 “prodigy”的含义最接近。 【9题详解】 根据第二段中“When I arrived at my new class…However, there was always someone else who could do them better. My grades began to fall.”可知，作者到了新班级后发现别人做得更好，成绩开始下降，说明她在学习上遇到了困难。 【10题详解】 根据第三段中“Over the next three years, I had to work very hard…However, I was never the best at everything.”可知，在接下来的三年里，作者虽然非常努力，但仍然无法在所有事情上都做到最好（完美）。 【11题详解】 根据第四段妈妈说的话“You are too hard on yourself…You don’t have to treat the result too seriously”以及最后一段作者的感悟“No one is perfect…I will never be the number one at everything”可知，作者最近意识到不必对自己期望过高，不必事事争第一，只要做自己、尽力就好。 D Through ultra-low temperature lychee preservation (荔枝超低温保鲜) technology, lychees from Guangdong can be sold to more countries. Zhu Zhiwei is an expert at a University. He said, “With the technology, the preservation period of lychees can be increased to one year. Also, the quality (质量) is for sure. It allows people to enjoy fresh lychees all year round.” ▲ There are lots of Guangdong lychees in supermarkets in the United States. The prices have risen from $4. 99 to $5. 99 a pound (0.45 kilogram) in recent years. The sales period of the fruit usually starts from May and ends in July. Because of the hot weather, lychee growers and sellers in China were troubled. In the fridge (冰箱), lychees can be stored for about 10 days. But the new technology can quickly freeze lychees below -35°C to store for one year. People now try to use the way to keep more than 2,000 tons of the fruit fresh. The technology will help solve the problem of selling bad lychees and selling them at high prices. And it will improve the quality of lychees in the future. With the help of it, lychees can keep the bright color and the good taste for a long time. It meets the demands of some countries, including the US, Japan and so on. The technology is safe and easy to use. People will try to use it in keeping other fruits and vegetables fresh in the following years. 12. What did Zhu Zhiwei think of the new technology? A. It would make the preservation period of lychees last longer. B. There was no need to worry about the taste of lychees. C. Lychees from Guangdong could be sold to any country. D. People could enjoy different kinds of fresh fruits all year round. 13. Which of the following can be put in ▲ in Paragraph 2? A. The price of lychees depends on the price of other fruits. B. Lychee is a popular fruit that is good for people’s health. C. Lychee really plays a big part in Guangdong’s fruit market. D. It is hard to store lychees for a long period without technology. 14. What does the underlined word “demands” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Rules. B. Needs. C. Goals. D. Habits. 15. What is the best title for the passage? A. Future of Lychee Preservation Technology B. History of Lychee Preservation Technology C. Introduction of Lychee Preservation Technology D. Background of Lychee Preservation Technology 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍广东荔枝超低温保鲜技术的功能、优势、应用前景以及该技术解决荔枝储运难题的作用。 【12题详解】 第一段提到：“With the technology, the preservation period of lychees can be increased to one year.”，朱志伟认为这项新技术可以延长荔枝的保鲜时长。 【13题详解】 第二段表明：“The sales period of the fruit usually starts from May and ends in July. Because of the hot weather, lychee growers and sellers in China were troubled.”，空格后介绍荔枝售卖周期短、因高温导致保鲜难的现状，填入“没有技术很难长时间储存荔枝”可衔接上下文。 【14题详解】 第三段指出：“With the help of it, lychees can keep the bright color and the good taste for a long time. It meets the demands of some countries, including the US, Japan and so on.”，保鲜技术能满足各国对新鲜荔枝的需求，demands意为“需求”，对应单词Needs。 【15题详解】 全文依次介绍荔枝超低温保鲜技术的原理、保鲜时长、解决的行业难题、海外市场价值与未来应用方向可知，文章整体是对该保鲜技术的完整介绍，对应标题“Introduction of Lychee Preservation Technology”。 第二节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 My dear boys and girls, good morning. Today I’m going to talk to you about my understanding of learning history. ___16___ You may often wonder why we students should study something that has nothing to do with our own lives. If you think that way, I should say you are far from the truth. In fact, if we study history, we can learn quite a lot about personal stories and events. The people who came before us helped build and develop the country we are living in. ___17___ Studying the past helps us to understand what our ancestors’ (祖先) lives were like. And it also helps us to see how their experiences have shaped our own life. To be honest, not everything that happened in the past is good. Some of them help us understand the mistakes of the past. And these mistakes will help people not to do the same wrong things. ___18___ Whether we like the subject of history or not, we must understand the importance of the events and the people who came before us. And the decisions of our own generation (一代人) will finally influence those who come after us. Only in this way, the world is truly connected. ___19___ History is the study of people, places, and events that can influence the future. ___20___ Or do you have any doubt about learning history? If you have any question, just feel free to ask. A. History is not just a study of the past. B. The mistakes of the past have nothing to do with us. C. Now do you still think studying history is a sad thing? D. People often learn from the past to have a better future. E. Many of you may think it is a terrible thing to study history. F. Their ideas often help solve many of our problems and troubles. 【答案】16. E 17. F 18. D 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【原文】本文是一篇演讲稿，作者向学生阐述学习历史的多重意义，纠正学生认为历史与生活无关的错误观点，说明历史连接过去与未来。 【16题详解】 根据“You may often wonder why we students should study something that has nothing to do with our own lives.”可知，此处引出学生普遍存在的对学历史的负面看法。选项E中的语句“Many of you may think it is a terrible thing to study history.”与此相符，该句点明很多学生觉得学历史是件糟糕的事，衔接后文反驳这种想法的内容。 【17题详解】 根据“The people who came before us helped build and develop the country we are living in.”可知，此处说明先辈留下的思想对当下的帮助。选项F中的语句“Their ideas often help solve many of our problems and troubles.”与此相符，该句中Their指代前文先辈，衔接后文了解先辈生活的作用。 【18题详解】 根据“And these mistakes will help people not to do the same wrong things.”可知，此处总结从过往错误中吸取教训的意义。选项D中的语句“People often learn from the past to have a better future.”与此相符，该句承接前文以史为鉴避免重蹈覆辙，点明学习过去是为了更好的未来。 【19题详解】 根据“History is the study of people, places, and events that can influence the future.”可知，此处对历史的内涵进行补充说明。选项A中的语句“History is not just a study of the past.”与此相符，该句总起本段，衔接后文历史关乎影响未来的人、地点与事件。 【20题详解】 根据“Or do you have any doubt about learning history?”可知，此处抛出问句，引发听众思考。选项C中的语句“Now do you still think studying history is a sad thing?”与此相符，该句以问句收尾，衔接后文欢迎大家提问的内容。 第二部分 语言知识应用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The youngest daughter of Emperor Yan loved watching the sunrise. She once asked her father where the sun rose. Her father said it was in the Eastern Sea. She got very excited and ____21____ her father to take her there, but he thought she was too ____22____ to go there. One day, the little princess went to the Eastern Sea alone without ____23____ anyone. She jumped into the sea and planned to swim there. ____24____, there was a strong wind in the sea and she died because of it. After her death, she ____25____ a beautiful bird and people called her “Jing Wei”. Jing Wei hated the sea very much because it took away her life. The small bird ____26____ to fill up the sea in order to keep others from falling into it. From then on, Jing Wei flew across the mountain and the Eastern Sea, carrying twigs (细枝) and pebbles (卵石) and dropping them into the ____27____. Day after day, she never stopped. The sea ____28____ Jing Wei and said, “Stop doing that, little bird. It is ____29____ for you to fill me up.” “I’ll fill you up no matter how hard it is,” replied Jing Wei. The brave little bird ____30____ doing this without taking a rest. Now we often use the story to describe people who will not give up until they realize their dreams. 21. A. promised B. warned C. allowed D. asked 22. A. young B. angry C. excited D. busy 23. A. making B. putting C. telling D. sharing 24. A. Unluckily B. Usually C. Recently D. Completely 25. A. got into B. turned into C. walked into D. ran into 26. A. decided B. cheated C. refused D. disliked 27. A. river B. mountain C. boat D. sea 28. A. looked like B. laughed at C. looked after D. helped with 29. A. necessary B. nervous C. impossible D. important 30. A. began B. avoided C. suggested D. continued 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述神话故事精卫填海：炎帝小女儿想看日出独自前往东海，不幸被风浪夺去生命，死后化作精卫鸟。它立志衔木石填平大海，日复一日从不休息，后人用这个故事形容永不放弃、坚持追梦的人。 【21题详解】 句意：她十分激动，请求父亲带她去那里，但父亲认为她年纪太小不能去。 固定搭配 ask sb. to do sth.，意为“请求某人做某事”，asked(请求) 符合小公主央求父亲的语境；promised(承诺)、warned(警告)、allowed(允许)，语义和央求父亲带自己出行的情节不符。 【22题详解】 句意：她十分激动，请求父亲带她去那里，但父亲认为她年纪太小不能去。 后文小公主偷偷独自出海，说明父亲觉得她年纪小不安全，young(年幼的) 贴合语境；angry(生气的)、excited(兴奋的)、busy(忙碌的)，无原文线索支撑。 【23题详解】 句意：一天，小公主没有告诉任何人，独自前往东海。 without telling anyone意为“没有告知任何人”，telling(告诉) 对应她偷偷出行、无人知晓的情节；making(制作)、putting(放置)、sharing(分享)，无法搭配anyone表达隐瞒行踪的含义。 【24题详解】 句意：不幸的是，海上起了大风，她因此遇难。 后文小公主葬身大海，Unluckily(不幸地) 引出悲剧结局；Usually(通常)、Recently(最近)、Completely(完全地)，情感逻辑不匹配悲剧情节。 【25题详解】 句意：她离世后，化作一只美丽的小鸟，人们称它为“精卫”。 固定短语turn into，意为“变成、化作”，贴合死后化为飞鸟的神话设定；got into(进入)、walked into(走入)、ran into(偶遇)，无法表达身形转化的含义。 【26题详解】 句意：这只小鸟决定填平大海，避免其他人再落入海中遭遇不幸。 后文精卫日复一日衔木石填海，decided(决定) 体现它坚定的想法；cheated(欺骗)、refused(拒绝)、disliked(厌恶)，和它坚持填海的行为相反。 【27题详解】 句意：从那以后，精卫飞越山林与东海，叼来细枝和卵石，投进大海。 它的目标是填平东海，因此将木石丢入sea(大海)；river(河流)、mountain(大山)、boat(小船)，不符合填海的故事背景。 【28题详解】 句意：大海嘲笑精卫，说道：“小家伙，停下你的举动吧。” 大海认为精卫填海是不可能完成的事，laughed at(嘲笑) 贴合大海轻视它的态度；looked like(看起来像)、looked after(照顾)、helped with(帮忙)，和大海嘲讽的语气矛盾。 【29题详解】 句意：大海嘲笑精卫，说道：“小家伙，停下你的举动吧。你想要把我填平是不可能的。” 大海体量巨大，单凭小鸟无法填平，impossible(不可能的) 符合大海的观点；necessary(必要的)、nervous(紧张的)、important(重要的)，语义不通。 【30题详解】 句意：这只勇敢的小鸟坚持做这件事，从不休息。 后文“Day after day, she never stopped”说明它持续不停填海，continued(继续) 贴合日复一日不中断的行为；began(开始)、avoided(回避)、suggested(建议)，无法表达长期坚持的含义。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On Pingjiang Road in Suzhou, 65-year-old Ms Wu runs a traditional tea house for 30years. She never expected ___31___ (her) to become a tea master who helped build a cultural bridge. It started in 2015 when a German tourist named Klaus walked into her shop. With the help of a phone app, Ms Wu ___32___ (patient) showed him the way to properly brew (沏) Biluochun, Suzhou’s famous green tea. Klaus returned every day that week and ___33___ (bring) more friends each time. Seeing how ___34___ (interest) they were in Chinese tea, Ms Wu started a weekly activity called “Tea Culture Saturdays”. She showed foreigners ___35___ to brew tea with traditional ways—from choosing the water temperature to ___36___ (follow) tea-making rules. Her daughter Lily, a college student, helped translate. Soon, her tea house was always crowded with ___37___ (visit) , including students and business people from many places. “I used to think foreigners wouldn’t understand our tea culture, ___38___ they love it deeply. Some of them even treat their friends to Chinese tea at home,” Ms Wu said. One of her favourite moments was when Sarah, a Canadian, gave her a notebook ___39___ (fill) with tea notes written in both English and Chinese. “This is why I keep teaching,” Ms Wu said, showing the treasured notebook. Now, her tea house appears in travel guides as “Suzhou’s cultural living room”. For tourists, every cup of tea served is ____40____ window on the tea culture of this ancient city. 【答案】31. herself 32. patiently 33. brought 34. interested 35. how 36. following 37. visitors 38. but 39. filled 40. a 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了在苏州平江路，65岁的吴女士经营着一家传统茶馆，一晃就是30年。她从未想过，自己会成为一座文化桥梁，用一杯碧螺春，让来自世界各地的游客读懂中国茶文化的温柔与力量。 【31题详解】 句意：她从未想过自己会成为一名助力搭建文化桥梁的茶艺大师。这里需要用反身代词，因为主语是She ，指代吴女士本人，expect oneself to do sth.表示“预料自己做某事”，强调动作指向主语自身，所以用herself。 【32题详解】 句意：在一款手机应用的帮助下，吴女士耐心地向他展示了如何正确冲泡苏州著名的绿茶——碧螺春。showed是动词，修饰动词需要用副词，patient的副词形式是patiently，表示“耐心地展示”。 【33题详解】 句意：克劳斯那周每天都来，而且每次都会带来更多朋友。and连接两个并列的谓语动词，前面的returned是一般过去时，所以bring也要用过去式brought，保持时态一致。 【34题详解】 句意：看到他们对中国茶如此感兴趣，吴女士发起了一项名为“茶文化星期六”的每周活动。how后面接形容词，主语是they（指代外国人），表示“人对……感兴趣”要用interested。 【35题详解】 句意：她向外国人展示如何用传统方法泡茶——从选择水温到遵循制茶规则。这里是“疑问词+不定式”结构，show sb. how to do sth.表示“向某人展示如何做某事”，后文讲的是泡茶的方法，所以用how。 【36题详解】 句意：她向外国人展示如何用传统方法泡茶——从选择水温到遵循制茶规则。from...to...是介词短语结构，to是介词，介词后面要接动名词（doing形式），所以follow要变为following，和前面的choosing保持形式一致。 【37题详解】 句意：很快，她的茶馆里总是挤满了游客，其中包括来自各地的学生和商务人士。crowded with后面接名词复数，表示“挤满了……”，visit是动词，对应的名词是visitor（游客），这里用复数visitors表示多个游客。 【38题详解】 句意：我以前以为外国人不会理解我们的茶文化，但他们却深深爱上了它。前半句说“我过去以为外国人不会理解茶文化”，后半句说“他们深深爱上了它”，前后是转折关系，所以用连词but。 【39题详解】 句意：她最难忘的时刻之一，是一位名叫萨拉的加拿大人送给她一本写满中英双语茶笔记的笔记本。这里用过去分词filled作后置定语，修饰notebook，filled with表示“被……填满/写满”。 【40题详解】 句意：对游客而言，奉上的每一杯茶，都是了解这座古老城市茶文化的一扇窗口。window是可数名词单数，这里表示“一扇窗口”，不是特指，所以用不定冠词a，a window on...是固定表达，意为“了解……的窗口”。 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题 In China, writing brushes, ink (墨锭) sticks, paper and ink stones are called the Four Treasures of the Study. Among the high-quality (高质量) treasures, the writing brush produced in Huzhou, the ink stick produced in Huizhou, the xuan paper made in Xuancheng and the ink stone made in Duanxi are the best known. The writing brushes can be used to draw pictures on painted pottery (彩陶). People mainly use the hair of animals to make them. Those made of wool (羊毛) are called yanghao and those made of the weasel’s (鼬) tail hair are called langhao. Their artistic effects (效果) in writing and painting cannot be copied by any other pens. The ink stick is the pigment (颜料) used in writing and painting. The ink stick produced in Huizhou is of high-quality. A story goes like this: Two famous skilled men, Xi Chao and his son, produced a kind of high-quality ink stick. The emperor in the Southern Tang dynasty was very happy and decided to give them the family name “Li”. From then on, the name of the Li Ink Stick was widespread. In the Song dynasty, its producing area was changed to Huizhou, and it was then called the Hui Ink Stick. Paper is among the four great inventions of ancient China. In Xuanzhou, Anhui Province where the xuan paper is produced, it’s said that there was a person who took the job of producing paper but failed to make perfect white paper. Later he happened to see the sandalwood (檀木) in the river. It was wet with the water and turned white. Then he used the bark (树皮) to produce the xuan paper. The ink stone was already very popular in the Han dynasty. People saw the appearance of the Four Famous Ink Stones—Duan Ink Stone, She Ink Stone, Tao Ink Stone and Chengni Ink Stone in the Ming and Qing dynasties. They can be used for writing and painting. 41. What are the writing brushes mainly made of? ________________________________________________________ 42. Why did Xi Chao and his son get the family name from the emperor? ________________________________________________________ 43. What does “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to (指的是)? ________________________________________________________ 44. How did the person find the way to make the famous xuan paper by accident? (No more than 20 words) ________________________________________________________ 45. When did the Four Famous Ink Stones appear? ________________________________________________________ 【答案】41. They are mainly made of the hair of animals. 42. Because they produced a kind of high-quality ink stick. 43. Li Ink Stick. 44. He saw white wet sandalwood in the river and used its bark. 45. In the Ming and Qing dynasties. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的“文房四宝”——笔、墨、纸、砚的起源、制作材料及相关的历史故事。 【41题详解】 第二段明确指出“People mainly use the hair of animals to make them”，因此答案是原文直接信息。 【42题详解】 第三段指出“Two famous skilled men Xi Chao and his son produced a kind of high-quality ink stick. The emperor...was very happy and decided to give them the family name “Li”，说明他们获赐姓氏是因为制作了高质量的墨，这是原文信息，直接提取。 【43题详解】 第三段指出“In the Song dynasty, its producing area was changed into Huizhou, and it was then called the Hui Ink Stick”，句中“it”指代上文中提到的李墨，答案几乎是原文引述。 【44题详解】 第四段指出“Later he happened to see the sandalwood in the river. It was wet with the water and turned white. Then he used the bark to produce the xuan paper.”，说明是通过偶然发现河中檀木变白并用树皮造纸而找到方法的，答案几乎是原文引述。 【45题详解】 第五段指出“People saw the appearance of the Four Famous Ink Stones...in the Ming and Qing dynasties”，因此答案是原文直接信息。 第二节 写作（满分：17分+3分卷面分） 46. 成长过程中，每个人都会发生变化。请你结合自身实际，谈谈自己过去和现在在性格、生活或学习方法等方面的变化，并分享你的感受。 写作要点： 1. What did you use to be like? 2. How have you changed over the years? 3. Your opinions on the changes. 要求： 1. 内容必须包括以上所给信息，可适当发挥； 2. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名； 3. 开头已给出，不计入总词数； 4. 词数：100词左右。 5. 有卷面分。 （1）书写规范 （2）卷面整洁 （3）间距合理 Everyone changes as they grow up, and so do I. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文 Everyone changes as they grow up, and so do I. I used to be quiet and shy, afraid of speaking in public. I stayed up late playing games and never helped with housework. For study, I finished homework carelessly and gave up easily on hard problems. Now I have changed greatly in three sides. I become outgoing and join class speeches. I keep a regular sleep timetable and share housework at home. I form good study habits to take notes and review lessons every day. I believe these changes stand for my growth. They make me braver and more responsible, and I will keep improving myself all the time. 【解析】 【详解】[第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：成长对比记叙文，混合一般过去时、现在完成时、一般现在时 明确要点：1. 介绍过去的自己（分性格、生活、学习习惯三类）；2. 对应讲述三类维度的自身改变；3. 表达对成长变化的看法感悟；词数100词左右，给定开头不计入总词数 确定人称：第一人称I 注意事项：文中不得出现真实人名、校名；完整覆盖三点写作要求，书写整洁规范 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：使用题目给出固定开头，总起成长伴随变化的主题 主体段：第一层分性格、生活、学习习惯介绍过去的状态；第二层对应三类对比说明如今的变化 结尾段：分层说明自己对这些变化的观点，点明成长意义，升华主题 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：What did you use to be like? 性格方面：quiet and shy/afraid of public speaking/unwilling to join group activities等 拓展句式： I used to be quiet and shy and dared not speak in front of classmates./I was too nervous to raise hands even when I knew the answers.等 生活习惯方面：stay up late playing games/hate doing housework /no daily exercise等 拓展句式： I used to stay up late playing mobile games and got up late every morning./I never helped my parents with housework and disliked sports.等 学习方法方面：careless homework/no daily review/give up easily on hard problems等 拓展句式： I finished homework carelessly and never reviewed lessons after school./I would give up right away when I met difficult study problems.等 要点二：How have you changed over the years? 性格方面：outgoing and confident/take part in class speeches/enjoy group teamwork等 拓展句式： Now I am outgoing enough to take part in different class speech activities./I actively join group work and make lots of new classmates.等 生活习惯方面：keep regular sleep/share housework every week/keep daily exercise等 拓展句式： I have given up late-night games and keep an early sleep schedule every day./I help sweep floors and wash dishes to share my parents’ housework.等 学习方法方面：check homework repeatedly/take notes and review every night/try to solve problems alone等 拓展句式： I take clear notes in class and go over all knowledge every evening./I will think over hard problems by myself before asking teachers for help.等 要点三：Your opinions on the changes（对成长变化的感悟） 感悟方向：Changes stand for growth/Efforts bring progress/Changes make me better and responsible等 拓展词汇：self-growth/self-discipline/sense of responsibility等 拓展句式： I think all these changes are precious marks of my growth./Every change makes me braver, more responsible and independent.等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $