精品解析：湖南衡阳县2025-2026学年下学期高二创新实验班期末质量检测英语试题

衡阳县2026年上学期高二创新实验班期末质量检测试题 英 语 考生注意： 1．本试卷分为听力、阅读、语言运用和写作四个部分，满分150分，考试时量120分钟。 2．试卷分为试题卷和答题卡两个部分，答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号、学校填在试题卷答题卡上。 3．将答案写在答题卡上，写在试题卷上无效。 4．考试结束后请将答题卡上交。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读二遍。 1. What will the woman probably do next? A. Draw a picture. B. Send an email. C. Check the article. 2. What can we learn about the man? A. He’s forgetful. B. He’s in a hurry. C. He’s organized. 3. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a science museum. B. In an art gallery. C. In a concert hall. 4. What does the woman think of the smartwatch? A. It’s complicated. B. It’s affordable. C. It’s unnecessary. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. A work mode shift. B. A job hunting experience. C. A time management method. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音，每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳 选项。听每段录音前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,每小题都有5秒钟 的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题 6. What are the speakers doing? A. Writing a novel. B. Watching a film. C. Staging a play. 7. How does the woman feel about the plot? A. Imaginative. B. Confusing. C. Predictable. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题 8. Why is the new station being built in the suburbs? A. To store big telescopes. B. To avoid heavy urban traffic. C. To ensure ideal observing conditions. 9. What might bother Tom in his work? A. The heavy physical labor. B. The unusual working hours. C. The poor research facilities. 10. How will the woman contribute to the project? A. By processing digital data. B. By buying new cameras. C. By monitoring the station. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题 11. What especially drives the woman to study architecture? A. Its visible influence on a city. B. Her discussion with a professor. C. Its combination of design and engineering. 12. What do we know about architecture nowadays? A. It covers various fields. B. It requires multiple degrees. C. It involves diverse decorations. 13. What will the woman probably learn this summer? A. Western philosophy. B. Social economics. C. Computer science. 听第9段录音，回答第14至17题 14. What is the woman’s view on the AI tool? A. It needs more tests. B. It works quite well. C. It performs terribly. 15. What is the man’s worry about the AI tool? A. Its privacy risk. B. Its unreliable accuracy. C. Its complex operation. 16. What function of the AI tool impresses the man? A. Recording daily reading habits. B. Translating foreign books quickly. C. Offering random recommendations. 17. How can the man use the AI tool? A. With his library account. B. With the librarian’s help. C. With a new account. 听第10段录音，回答第18至20题 18. What was Linda’s task at the dairy company? A. Delivering sugary yogurts to markets. B. Measuring the sugar level in products. C. Analyzing the nutritional value of sugar. 19. What did Linda’s team do in Chicago? A. They boosted sales of existing products. B. They invented a sugar-testing method. C. They created new drinks from plants. 20. What did Linda’s team develop? A. A low-fat chocolate. B. A sugar-free product. C. An AI-driven program. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Future of Clean Energy in Homes Heating, cooling, and powering homes contribute significantly to global CO₂ emissions. As nations strive to reduce their carbon footprints, residential energy use — responsible for nearly 20% of energy-related emissions — poses unique challenges. Below is the 2022 breakdown of household emissions by source. ELECTRICITY 52% HEATING 28% COOLING 12% APPLIANCES 6% LIGHTING 2% Clean energy solutions for homes must be affordable, efficient, and adaptable to diverse climates. While technologies vary, here are key innovations driving the shift toward sustainability. HEAT PUMPS — Efficient Heating/Cooling Replacing gas boilers, electric heat pumps transfer warmth from air or ground, cutting heating emissions by 50%. Hybrid models, hopefully, might be able to work in sub-zero temperatures in the near future. SMART GRIDS (电网) — Dynamic Electricity Management AI-powered grids optimize energy use, storing surplus solar power during peak hours and reducing reliance on fossil-fuel backups. SOLAR PANELS — Rooftop Revolution Solar energy is the most accessible renewable source for households. Advances in photovoltaic cells have cut costs by 80% since 2010, making them viable in numerous regions. WIND TURBINES — Community Microgrids Small-scale turbines (涡轮机) in windy areas can power neighborhoods, though land use debates persist. “The scale of this transition is staggering,” says Dr. Elena Torres, a climate scientist at MIT. Residential renewables like solar and heat pumps could meet 90% of global household demand by 2050 — but only if investments triple within this decade. Recent studies show that every $1 invested in green homes today saves $5 in future climate adaptation costs. This isn’t just an environmental imperative; it’s economically inevitable. 1. Which two categories combined account for over three-quarters of total household emissions? A. Electricity and Heating. B. Heating and Cooling. C. Appliances and Lighting. D. Cooling and Appliances. 2. Which technology is highlighted as cost-effective for diverse climates? A. Heat pumps. B. Smart grids. C. Solar panels. D. Wind turbines. 3. What does Dr. Torres emphasize about the energy transition? A. The dominance of gas boilers. B. The increase in solar efficiency. C. The need for higher investment. D. The breakthrough in heat pump technology. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了家庭清洁能源的未来，包括家庭排放来源、清洁能源技术及投资需求。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Below is the 2022 breakdown of household emissions by source. ELECTRICITY 52%，HEATING 28%(以下是2022年家庭排放来源的细分。电力占52%，供暖占28%)”可知，电力和供暖两个类别加起来占家庭总排放量的四分之三以上。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据SOLAR PANELS — Rooftop Revolution部分中“Solar energy is the most accessible renewable source for households. Advances in photovoltaic cells have cut costs by 80% since 2010, making them viable in numerous regions.(太阳能是家庭最容易获得的可再生能源。自2010年以来，光伏电池的进步使成本降低了80%，使其在许多地区都可行)”可知，太阳能电池板被强调为适用于不同气候的成本效益高的技术。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据WIND TURBINES — Community Microgrids部分中“Residential renewables like solar and heat pumps could meet 90% of global household demand by 2050 — but only if investments triple within this decade.(到2050年，太阳能和热泵等住宅可再生能源可以满足全球90%的家庭需求，但前提是未来十年的投资要增加两倍)”可知，Torres博士强调了能源转型需要更高的投资。故选C。 B In this fast-paced world, quiet moments are often spent staring at a phone screen. For those who have forgotten how to switch off and reconnect with ourselves, Deborah Alma may have just what the doctor ordered. She is the founder of The Poetry Pharmacy (药房), whose aim is to ease worry with words, allowing visitors to book poetry consultations for tailored advice or pick up a quick fix off the shelves. Last year, another Poetry Pharmacy opened its doors inside LUSH on London’s Oxford Street, seeking to bring a little calm to the capital. Even before she had two successful “practices” under her belt, Deborah was keenly aware of the power of poetry. She noticed how it could bring people a positive change. This inspired her to become the “Emergency Poet” traveling the country in a vintage ambulance to offer poetry prescriptions (处方). The 1950s ambulance, which was bought on eBay, carried 200 poems, each with advice like “take this poem with a cup of tea” or “listen to some birdsong”. After about a decade of mobile medicine, Deborah parked up her practice for a permanent location in Shropshire. This became the world’s first walk-in-poetry pharmacy, and — unlike the ambulance — it had central heating. From a cozy coffee corner to an inspiring physic garden, the Pharmacy is described as “a peaceful place to rest and dream”. “What happens in the shops is that people who look at pills are often buying things for others. It’s potentially a little theatre, but that act of giving and thinking about someone else is heartwarming.” The Pharmacy also provides a more personalized service. “We ask about people’s reading habits, how they relax, rather than their problems. It should be a pleasure to answer these questions,” Deborah says. Despite never having done any online marketing, The Poetry Pharmacy has a dedicated following of creative souls, including Mark Constantine, CEO and co-founder of LUSH. We don’t know what the future holds for The Poetry Pharmacy and its founder, but one thing is certain-the next chapter is bound to be a good one! 4. How many poetry pharmacies has Deborah opened? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 5. What can possibly happen in The Poetry Pharmacy? A. Poetic healing. B. Helping phone addicts. C. Enjoying theatre performances. D. Discussing poetry writing. 6. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. The shop needs some marketing. B. The shop has gained acceptance. C. Deborah will open a new shop soon. D. Deborah has found some co-founders. 7. Which of the following best describes Deborah? A. Creative but inconsistent. B. Conventional but warm. C. Innovative and compassionate. D. Sociable and adventurous. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本篇文章主要讲述了 Deborah Alma 创立诗歌药房，用诗歌慰藉人们心灵，其诗歌药房从移动服务发展到固定场所，还获得了不少人的喜爱。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Last year, another Poetry Pharmacy opened its doors inside LUSH on London’s Oxford Street, seeking to bring a little calm to the capital.(去年，另一家诗歌药房在伦敦牛津街的LUSH内开业，试图给首都带来一点平静)”可知，她开了两家药房，故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“She is the founder of The Poetry Pharmacy (药房), whose aim is to ease worry with words, allowing visitors to book poetry consultations for tailored advice or pick up a quick fix off the shelves.(她是诗歌药房的创始人，这家公司的目标是用文字来缓解忧虑，游客可以预约诗歌咨询，获得量身定制的建议，或者从书架上买到快速解决方案)”可知，诗歌药房用诗歌缓解人们的忧虑，也就是进行诗意的治愈，故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Despite never having done any online marketing, The Poetry Pharmacy has a dedicated following of creative souls, including Mark Constantine, CEO and co-founder of LUSH.(尽管从未进行过任何在线营销，但The Poetry Pharmacy拥有一批忠实的创意灵魂追随者，其中包括LUSH的首席执行官兼联合创始人马克•康斯坦丁)”可知，诗歌药房获得了认可，有了一批追随者，故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“She is the founder of The Poetry Pharmacy (药房), whose aim is to ease worry with words, allowing visitors to book poetry consultations for tailored advice or pick up a quick fix off the shelves.(她是诗歌药房的创始人，这家公司的目标是用文字来缓解忧虑，游客可以预约诗歌咨询，获得量身定制的建议，或者从书架上买到快速解决方案)”可知，Deborah 创立诗歌药房，用独特的方式帮助人们，这体现了她的创新；根据第二段“Even before she had two successful “practices” under her belt, Deborah was keenly aware of the power of poetry. She noticed how it could bring people a positive change.(甚至在她有两次成功的“实践”之前，黛博拉就敏锐地意识到诗歌的力量。她注意到它如何给人们带来积极的变化)”可知，她关注人们的内心，想帮助人们缓解忧虑，这体现了她的同情心。故选C。 C Languages represent far more than mere communication tools; they are complex carriers of cultural memory, showing unique viewpoints, cultural traditions, and collective wisdom. Language loss occurs when the final native speakers disappear, transforming vivid linguistic (语言的) traditions into historical artifacts. The loss of a language is not merely a loss of words but a deep loss of human heritage (遗产), disconnecting communities from their ancestral roots and their unique worldview. While language extinction is not a new phenomenon, languages are disappearing at the fastest rate in recorded history, with one language lost every three to four months. Artificial intelligence (AI) has introduced innovative methods for preserving and refreshing endangered languages, offering tools that were unimaginable in traditional linguistic research. Automated Transcription Tools can change spoken language into written text, while Large Language Models (LLMs) are trained on extensive datasets to perform translations across a wide range of languages. While AI offers promising solutions, it faces a significant challenge which blocks its full potential. The vast majority of these endangered languages are underrepresented digitally. If one language doesn’t have a lot of text online, it will be less represented in those technologies. This digital divide is further worsened by the dominance of a few languages on the Internet. Consequently, endangered languages are often excluded from AI technologies, leaving their speakers pushed aside in the digital space. Tech companies, linguists and local communities are all vital in ensuring that AI tools are culturally relevant and technically effective, which can lead to the developments that meet the unique needs of each language community. By involving native speakers in the design and use of AI technologies, create resources that reflect the true-essence of the language and encourage a sense of ownership among community members. This shared approach is essential for building trust and ensuring the long-term sustainability of language preservation efforts. 8. Why are the roles of languages talked about in paragraph 1? A. To call for global language unity. B. To draw attention to lost languages. C. To show the effect of language loss. D. To prove the uniqueness of languages. 9. What major difficulty does AI face in handling endangered languages? A. Their limited speakers. B. Their poor digital data. C. The dominant languages. D. The backward technologies. 10. What does the author urge people to do in the end? A. Prioritize communities over experts! B. Meet common needs of communities. C. Create technically effective AI models. D. Make joint efforts at specific solutions. 11. Which can be the best title for the text? A. Save Dying Languages Through Technology. B. Bridge the Digital Language Gap with AI Tools. C. AI in Teaching People Endangered Languages. D. Fruitful Smart Projects in Language Protection. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了人工智能在保护濒危语言方面的作用和挑战，并强调了多方合作的重要性。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The loss of a language is not merely a loss of words but a deep loss of human heritage, disconnecting communities from their ancestral roots and their unique worldview.(语言的丧失不仅仅是词汇的丧失，更是人类遗产的深刻丧失，使社区与他们的祖先根源和独特的世界观脱节。)”可知，在第一段中讨论语言的作用是为了展示语言消亡的影响。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The vast majority of these endangered languages are underrepresented digitally. If one language doesn’t have a lot of text online, it will be less represented in those technologies.(绝大多数这些濒危语言在数字领域的代表性不足。如果一种语言在网上没有大量的文本，它在这些技术中的代表性就会较低。)”可知，人工智能在处理濒危语言时面临的主要困难是它们的数字数据不足。故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Tech companies, linguists and local communities are all vital in ensuring that AI tools are culturally relevant and technically effective, which can lead to the developments that meet the unique needs of each language community.(科技公司、语言学家和当地社区在确保人工智能工具具有文化相关性和技术有效性方面都至关重要，这可以推动满足每个语言社区独特需求的发展。)”可知，作者最后呼吁人们为具体的解决方案共同努力。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。文章第一段描述了语言的重要性以及语言消失所带来的影响，第二段提到人工智能为保护和复兴濒危语言提供了创新方法，第三段提到人工智能在处理濒危语言时面临的主要困难，最后一段提到科技公司、语言学家和当地社区在确保人工智能工具在文化上相关且技术上有效方面都至关重要。由此可知，文章主要讨论了人工智能在保护濒危语言方面的作用和挑战，并强调了多方合作的重要性。因此，选项A“通过技术拯救濒危语言”最能概括文章的主题。故选A。 D Pictures and videos of all sorts of animals regularly go viral these days because people connect with the apparent joy, friendship and playfulness of these animals. Unfortunately, the initial enthusiasm of these posts is often squashed by someone rightly noting that the animal’s reaction is not joy or pleasure, but fear, anger or pain. The reason we often get cases like this wrong is that we interpret the emotional content of many behaviors automatically and unconsciously. This is a version of anthropomorphism: interpreting animals as we would interpret another human. The standard view has been that anthropomorphism is primarily an error of overestimating the intelligence of animals. In recent decades, many authors have pushed back against this attitude towards anthropomorphism, arguing animals are a lot like us and that many “anthropomorphic” claims about animals are actually true. Instead of getting caught in a black-and-white debate, however, I want a more complicated, informed discussion of competing ideas. Once we agree that animals do in fact, have emotions, we can acknowledge that the anthropomorphic mistake is not seeing emotion where there is none — it is seeing the wrong emotion. Each of us has a set of perceptual, emotional and cognitive capacities that allow us to engage and understand one another socially. These capacities help guide and structure all sorts of interactions, and we are generally not even aware we are using them. They are generally, but not perfectly, tuned for human interaction. Things can get messy, though, when we use them to interpret animals. Perhaps the best-studied version of this is the primate “grin” (灵长类动物的咧嘴笑). The animal is not happy, it turns out. The exact signaling function varies by species, but it usually signals something more like fear or anxiety, often by a submissive individual in a tense social situation. This is, in fact, anthropomorphism, because you are interpreting an animal’s behavior in the same way we would interpret human behavior. This kind of anthropomorphism is a form of cognitive bias (偏见) resulting from shortcuts taken by our reasoning processes, usually without our awareness. We should approach the topic of anthropomorphism from the angle of bias. Traditionally, assumptions about how and when people anthropomorphise have been so fixed that the psychology did not seem worth investigating. Slightly different attitudes can be found. For example, even though they advocate for anthropomorphic views of animals, the zoologists Jesus Rivas and Gordon Burghardt memorably note that it can be tricky: “Anthropomorphism comes in many forms and can catch you off guard!” While the recognition of “many forms” is progress, it makes the need for evidence-based research only more pressing. By focusing on implicit (隐性的) anthropomorphism, we shift attention from debating specific “humanlike” features to examining the deeper psychological mechanisms that make anthropomorphism so slippery. This, I believe, is the most challenging and most significant dimension of the problem. 12. What does the word “squashed” underlined in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Awakened. B. Dampened. C. Misguided. D. Underestimated. 13. What can we learn about anthropomorphism? A. It turns animals’ negative emotions into positive ones B. It underrates the emotional capacities of animal species. C. It contributes to the shortcuts of our reasoning processes. D. It reflects the projection of human qualities onto animals 14. The author quotes Jesus and Gordon to ________. A. confirm the value of anthropomorphism B. highlight the complexity of anthropomorphism C. warn us of the limitations of anthropomorphism D. remind us to view anthropomorphism positively 15. What does the author intend to do by writing this passage? A. Propose a fresh perspective. B. Analyze a worrying tendency. C. Evaluate the credibility of a theory. D. Explore the origin of a phenomenon. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要探讨了人类对动物行为的拟人化解释现象，指出这往往源于认知偏差，并呼吁从偏见角度深入研究这一复杂问题。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段“Pictures and videos of all sorts of animals regularly go viral these days because people connect with the apparent joy, friendship and playfulness of these animals. Unfortunately, the initial enthusiasm of these posts is often squashed by someone rightly noting that the animal’s reaction is not joy or pleasure, but fear, anger or pain.(如今，各类动物的图片和视频时常在网上疯传，因为人们会被这些动物流露出的喜悦、友谊和嬉戏感所打动。不幸的是，这些帖子的最初热情常常被一些人_____，他们有理有据地指出，动物的反应不是喜悦或快乐，而是恐惧、愤怒或痛苦)”可知，动物的反应是恐惧、愤怒或痛苦，而不是人们所以为的喜悦或快乐，因此人们对这些帖子的热情会减弱，故划线词squashed意为“减弱，受到抑制”，与“Dampened”意思相近。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“This is a version of anthropomorphism: interpreting animals as we would interpret another human. (这是一种拟人化：像解读另一个人一样解读动物)”可知，拟人化用解读人的方式来解读动物，反映了将人类特质投射到动物身上的现象。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“For example,even though they advocate for anthropomorphic views of animals, the zoologists Jesus Rivas and Gordon Burghardt memorably note that it can be tricky: “Anthropomorphism comes in many forms and can catch you off guard!” (例如，动物学家Jesus Rivas和Gordon Burghardt虽然主张对动物采取拟人化的看法，但他们特别指出，这可能会很棘手：“拟人化有多种形式，可能会让你措手不及！”)”可知，作者引用Jesus和Gordon的话是为了说明拟人化并非简单的问题，它形式多样，容易让人在不经意间犯错，从而强调了拟人化这一现象的复杂性。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，结合最后一段中“We should approach the topic of anthropomorphism from the angle of bias. Traditionally, assumptions about how and when people anthropomorphise have been so fixed that the psychology did not seem worth investigating...By focusing on implicit (隐性的) anthropomorphism, we shift attention from debating specific “humanlike” features to examining the deeper psychological mechanisms that make anthropomorphism so slippery. This, I believe, is the most challenging and most significant dimension of the problem. (我们应该从偏见的角度来探讨拟人化这一话题。传统上，关于人们如何以及何时进行拟人化的假设太过固定，以至于其背后的心理机制似乎不值得研究。……通过关注隐性拟人化，我们将注意力从争论具体的“类人”特征转移到审视使拟人化如此难以捉摸的更深层次的心理机制上。我相信，这是这个问题最具挑战性也最有意义的维度)”可知，作者分析了拟人化的现象、问题及成因，并指出传统研究的不足，进而提出从“偏见”和“心理机制”角度研究拟人化的新方向。因此，作者通过写这篇文章旨在提出一个新的研究视角。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Over the summer, Ohio State University announced a new initiative promising to “integrate AI education into the core of every undergraduate curriculum.” Similar initiatives are being rolled out at other universities. ____16____ Based on the available evidence, the skills that future graduates will most need in the AI era are precisely those that are likely to be weakened by inserting AI into the educational process. Students must be able to ask AI questions, critically analyze its written responses, identify possible weaknesses or inaccuracies, and integrate new information with existing knowledge. Each of these skills comes from years of sustained educational development. ____17____ “I find that careful use of AI helps me at work, but that is because I completed my education decades ago and have been actively studying ever since,” the sociologist Gabriel Rossman has written. “My accumulated knowledge gives me inspiration for new research questions and techniques.” Will the AI-integrated education develop these skills? ____18____ For example, a team of scientists at MIT recently divided subjects into three groups and asked them to write a number of short essays over the course of several months. The first group used ChatGPT to assist its writing, the second used Google Search, and the third used no technology. They found that the subjects that used ChatGPT produced vague, poorly reasoned essays and showed the lowest levels of brain activity. ____19____ Other studies have found a negative correlation between AI use and cognitive abilities. ____20____ The most responsible way for colleges to prepare students for the future is to teach AI skills only after building a solid foundation of basic cognitive (认知的) ability and advanced disciplinary knowledge. A. This is how innovation happens. B. These findings raise serious doubts about the push. C. A growing body of research suggests that it will not. D. We should engage in cautious and reasoned thinking. E. Some experts argue for a complete ban on AI in educational settings. F. But such policies represent a dangerously rapid and uninformed response to the technology. G. They tended to compose their work simply by cutting and pasting (粘贴) material from other sources. 【答案】16. F 17. A 18. C 19. G 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要探讨高校将AI融入课程的举措，指出其可能削弱核心能力，呼吁理性谨慎推行AI教育。 【16题详解】 根据前文“Over the summer, Ohio State University announced a new initiative promising to “integrate AI education into the core of every undergraduate curriculum.” Similar initiatives are being rolled out at other universities. (今年夏天，俄亥俄州立大学宣布了一项新计划，承诺将‘人工智能教育融入每一门本科课程的核心’。其他大学也在推出类似的举措。)”可知，前文介绍多所高校推行AI融入课程的政策，此空应表达对该政策的负面看法，F选项“But such policies represent a dangerously rapid and uninformed response to the technology.(但此类政策是对这项技术仓促且盲目、充满危险的应对。)”转折指出政策问题，符合语境。故选F项。 【17题详解】 根据前文“Each of these skills comes from years of sustained educational development.(这些能力都来自多年持续的教育培养。)”以及后文社会学家凭借积累的知识获得研究灵感的例子可知，积累知识能催生创新，A选项“This is how innovation happens.(创新就是这样产生的。)”承接前后文，符合语境。故选A项。 【18题详解】 根据前文“Will the AI-integrated education develop these skills?(融入人工智能的教育能培养这些能力吗？)”以及后文MIT的研究结果可知，研究表明答案是否定的，C选项“A growing body of research suggests that it will not.(越来越多的研究表明不能。)”回答前文设问，符合语境。故选C项。 【19题详解】 根据前文“They found that the subjects that used ChatGPT produced vague, poorly reasoned essays and showed the lowest levels of brain activity. (他们发现，使用ChatGPT的受试者写出的文章含糊不清、推理薄弱，且大脑活动水平最低。)”可知，前文说明使用AI写文章的问题，此空应解释具体表现，G选项“They tended to compose their work simply by cutting and pasting (粘贴) material from other sources. (他们往往只是简单剪切粘贴其他来源的内容来完成写作。)”承接前文，符合语境。故选G项。 【20题详解】 根据后文“The most responsible way for colleges to prepare students for the future is to teach AI skills only after building a solid foundation of basic cognitive (认知的) ability and advanced disciplinary knowledge. (大学为学生未来做准备的最负责任方式，是在打下扎实的基础认知能力和高级专业知识后再教授人工智能技能。)”可知，后文提出理性谨慎的做法，D选项“We should engage in cautious and reasoned thinking.(我们应该进行谨慎且理性的思考。)”引出后文建议，符合语境。故选D项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In 1980, when Malcolm Campbell was a senior in high school, he took a civics class with a teacher named Don Lawson. One of the units that Mr Lawson ____21____ was about the anti-war movement. For two days, Mr Lawson played them anti-war songs by Bob Dylan, to ____22____ that art can be an important vehicle for protest. On the second day, Campbell raised his hand, with a ____23____. “Is this gonna be on the test?” he recalled asking. “And Mr Lawson looked at me and said, ‘No, man, this is for your ____24____,’” Campbell said. That’s when Campbell had a flash of ____25____ about what Mr Lawson was trying to do. “It was like in the movies. A light went off in my head,” Campbell remembered. “And I ____26____ what Mr Lawson was trying to convey. He’s ____27____ this material not for the test, but for personal enrichment.” Campbell went on to ____28____ a PhD in biology and he spent 30 years teaching biology at Davidson College in North Carolina. All along, he kept the ____29____ of Mr Lawson in his heart. Campbell recently ____30____ from teaching. But looking back at his long career, one of his ____31____ accomplishments was helping students have their own ____32____ of epiphany (顿悟). “That’s a(n) ____33____ career — essentially I go around flipping (抛) lit matches onto piles of leaves and watching them take ____34____,” Campbell said. That’s ____35____ true. As a famous saying goes, “Education is not the filling of a pail (桶), but the lighting of a fire.” 21. A. learned B. reviewed C. commented D. taught 22. A. illustrate B. ensure C. confirm D. propose 23. A. present B. request C. demand D. question 24. A. life B. health C. soul D. future 25. A. thought B. insight C. concept D. imagination 26. A. figured out B. came across C. took over D. turned down 27. A. produced B. advocated C. arranged D. replaced 28. A. earn B. take C. apply D. claim 29. A. messages B. lessons C. opinions D. actions 30. A. separated B. removed C. escaped D. retired 31. A. easiest B. hardest C. proudest D. latest 32. A. classes B. stages C. moments D. periods 33. A. amazing B. simple C. ordinary D. familiar 34. A. order B. fire C. chance D. turn 35. A. basically B. normally C. generally D. absolutely 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了马尔科姆·坎贝尔因高中老师唐·劳森的一堂公民课产生顿悟，并将这一教育理念融入自己30年的教学生涯，帮助学生获得类似成长，印证了“教育不是填满桶，而是点燃火”的名言。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：劳森先生所教的单元之一是关于反战运动的。A. learned学习；B. reviewed复习；C. commented评论；D. taught教。根据前文“he took a civics class with a teacher named Don Lawson”可知，劳森先生是这门课的教师，空处表示他教的单元之一是关于反战运动的。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查动词。句意：劳森先生给他们播放了两天鲍勃·迪伦的反战歌曲，以说明艺术可以成为抗议的重要载体。A. illustrate说明，阐明；B. ensure确保；C. confirm确认；D. propose提议。根据后文“that art can be an important vehicle for protest”可知，播放歌曲的目的是为了说明这个道理。 【23题详解】 考查名词。句意：第二天，坎贝尔举手了，心中有一个疑问。A. present礼物；B. request请求；C. demand要求；D. question问题。根据后文的问题““Is this gonna be on the test?””可知，他是带着一个问题举手的。 【24题详解】 考查名词。句意：“劳森先生看着我，对我说：‘不，孩子，这是为了滋养你的心灵。’”坎贝尔回忆道。A. life生活；B. health健康；C. soul灵魂；D. future未来。根据后文“He’s ____ this material not for the test, but for personal enrichment.”可知，劳森先生的意思是这些内容不是为了考试，而是为了滋养学生的灵魂，soul与personal enrichment对应。 【25题详解】 考查名词。句意：就在那时，坎贝尔对劳森试图做的事情产生了一闪而过的顿悟。A. thought想法；B. insight顿悟，洞察；C. concept概念；D. imagination想象。根据后文“A light went off in my head”及“____ accomplishments was helping students have their own ____ of epiphany (顿悟)”可知，此处表示他产生了顿悟。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：我弄明白了劳森先生试图传达的东西。A. figured out弄明白；B. came across偶遇；C. took over接管；D. turned down拒绝。根据前文“A light went off in my head”可知，他一下子恍然大悟，弄明白了老师的用意。 【27题详解】 考查动词。句意：他呈现这些素材不是为了考试，而是为了个人成长。A. produced生产；B. advocated倡导；C. arranged安排，整理；D. replaced替换。根据前文“Mr Lawson played them anti-war songs by Bob Dylan”可知，老师播放了这些歌曲，这是老师安排的教学内容。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：坎贝尔继续获取生物学博士学位，并在北卡罗来纳州戴维森学院任教三十载，教授生物学课程。A. earn获得，赚取；B. take拿，取；C. apply申请，应用；D. claim声称。根据下文“ a PhD in biology ”可知，此处表示经过艰苦的努力而获得学位。 【29题详解】 考查名词。句意：一直以来，他都把劳森先生的教诲记在心里。A. messages消息；B. lessons教训，教诲；C. opinions观点；D. actions行动。根据前文“He’s ____ this material not for the test, but for personal enrichment.”可知，劳森老师通过课堂给坎贝尔带来的顿悟和启发，这是难得的教诲，此处应表示他把老师的这些教诲记在心里。 【30题详解】 考查动词。句意：坎贝尔最近结束教学生涯，退休了。A. separated分离；B. removed移除；C. escaped逃离；D. retired退休。根据后文“But looking back at his long career”可知，他回顾教学生涯，表明这之前是退休了，符合逻辑。 【31题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但回望自己漫长的职业生涯，他最引以为傲的成就之一，便是引导学生收获属于他们自己的顿悟时刻。A. easiest最容易的；B. hardest最难的；C. proudest最骄傲的；D. latest最近的。根据后文“flipping (抛) lit matches onto piles of leaves”他将自己的职业生涯比作“点燃一堆堆树叶”，并引用名言“Education is not the filling of a pail (桶), but the lighting of a fire.”可知，他应是对这一成就感到最骄傲。 【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：但回望自己漫长的职业生涯，他最引以为傲的成就之一，便是引导学生收获属于他们自己的顿悟时刻。A. classes课堂；B. stages阶段；C. moments时刻；D. periods时期。根据前文“A light went off in my head”及常理可知，顿悟应是在一瞬间发生的，而不是一段时期或阶段，表达该意应用moments一词。 【33题详解】 考查形容词。句意：坎贝尔说，“这份事业妙不可言——说白了，我所做的就是四处划亮火柴，将火种抛向一堆堆枯叶，看着它们燃烧起来。”A. amazing令人惊叹的；B. simple简单的；C. ordinary普通的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据前文“one of his ____ accomplishments was helping students have their own ____ of epiphany (顿悟)”及全文的描述可知，他对自己的职业充满自豪和热情，此处应使用能表达强烈情感色彩的词来修饰career，amazing符合语境。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：坎贝尔说，“这份事业妙不可言——说白了，我所做的就是四处划亮火柴，将火种抛向一堆堆枯叶，看着它们燃烧起来。”A. order顺序；B. fire火焰；C. chance机会；D. turn转动。根据本句中的“flipping (抛) lit matches onto piles of leaves”可知，此处应是看着树叶着起火来，且后文名言“Education is not the filling of a pail (桶), but the lighting of a fire.”中也出现了fire一词。 【35题详解】 考查副词。句意：那绝对是真的。A. basically基本上；B. normally正常地；C. generally一般地；D. absolutely绝对地。根据后文引用名言“Education is not the filling of a pail (桶), but the lighting of a fire.”来印证坎贝尔的话可知，此处表示强烈肯定，用absolutely符合语境。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An Extreme Fondness for Ants One day in 1936 Edward Wilson, a budding seven-year-old naturalist, was out ____36____ (fish). He hooked a pinfish, which has sharp spines down its back. He pulled so hard that one of its spines went into his right eye. Keen not to cut short a day outdoors, he kept on ____37____ going to hospital. As a result, he lost most of the sight in that eye. This loss of vision gave him a push from vertebrates toward ants. A long and productive career ____38____ (witness) him write hundreds of papers and publish dozens of books, collect two Pulitzer prizes, and make fundamental contributions to ecology and evolutionary biology up to now. As with all the best scientists, he delighted in drawing connections. Ants are biological robots and their behaviour controlled by chemicals are called pheromones. But from those simple chemicals ____39____ (arise) an astonishing variety of behaviour. Ants march in columns, practise agriculture, and run complex societies ____40____ the individual good is less important than that of the colony. Exploring the evolutionary principles ____41____ (underlie) that behaviour got him thinking about how they could apply to other species, ____42____ topic he explored in 1975 in a book called Sociobiology: The New Synthesis. The chapters that applied biological reasoning to the behaviour of other animals were uncontroversial. But when, at the end, he extended the ____43____ (analyze) to humans he was criticized by some of his colleagues and physically attacked at a lecture. Time has proved Wilson right. These days few dispute that human behaviour is at least ____44____ (part) shaped by genes. ____45____ the principle is mostly accepted, the mechanisms remain obscure. Understanding exactly how, and how much, genes affect human behaviour remains a piece of vast and fascinating unfinished business. 【答案】36. fishing 37. without 38. has witnessed 39. arises 40. where 41. underlying 42. a 43. analysis 44. partly 45. Although##Though##While 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了著名生物学家爱德华·威尔逊因童年眼部受伤而转向研究蚂蚁，取得重大成就，但他尝试将生物推理应用于人类行为时引发争议，最终被时间证明是正确的。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：1936年的一天，七岁的爱德华·威尔逊已然初显博物学家的潜质，彼时他外出钓鱼。be out doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“外出做某事”，空处填现在分词fishing，作伴随状语。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：他不想缩短户外活动的时间，就没有去医院。根据前文“one of its spines went into his right eye”可知，鱼刺扎进了他的右眼；后文“As a result, he lost most of the sight in that eye.”说结果他失去了那只眼睛的大部分视力，说明他当时没有去医院。空处应填介词without，后接动名词going。 【38题详解】 考查时态。句意：漫长且成果丰硕的职业生涯中，他撰写了数百篇论文、出版数十部著作，两度斩获普利策奖，直至今日仍为生态学与进化生物学做出诸多奠基性贡献。根据句末时间状语up to now可知，空处应用现在完成时，强调动作发生在过去，对现在有影响或结果，主语A long and productive career为单数，助动词用has，空处填has witnessed。 【39题详解】 考查时态。句意：可就是由这些简单化学物质，催生出种类繁多、令人惊叹的生物行为。本句为完全倒装句，介词短语在句首，主语为句末的an astonishing variety of behaviour，中心词variety为单数，谓语动词应用单数形式，句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，空处填arises。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：蚂蚁列队行进、培育“作物”，还构建出结构繁复的社群体系。在这种社群体系中，个体的利益不如群体的利益重要。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词complex societies，先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：探究支撑这类行为背后的进化原理，让他开始思索这些原理能否适用于其他物种，这也是他在1975年的著作《社会生物学：新的综合》中探讨的话题。空处作名词principles的后置定语，principles与所给词underlie之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词形式underlying，表示“构成……的基础”。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：句意：探究支撑这类行为背后的进化原理，让他开始思索这些原理能否适用于其他物种，这也是他在1975年的著作《社会生物学：新的综合》中探讨的话题。空后topic为可数名词单数，且topic以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：但最终，当他将分析扩展到人类时，他遭到了一些同事的批评，并在一次讲座中受到人身攻击。空处位于定冠词the之后，应用名词形式作动词extended的宾语。所给词analyze的名词为analysis，意为“分析”。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：如今，很少有人质疑人类行为至少部分是由基因塑造的。空处修饰动词shaped，应用副词形式作状语。所给词part的副词为partly，意为“部分地”。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：尽管这一原理已得到广泛认可，但其中的作用机制依旧尚不明确。前后句之间为让步转折关系，空处应填表示“尽管”的连词，引导让步状语从句。Although/Though/While均可，在句首时首字母大写。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假定你是校园播客社（Campus Podcast Club）负责人李华，拟在学校英文论坛发帖为社团招新。请写一篇短文，内容包括： （1）社团理念及工作意义； （2）招募岗位和报名方式。 参考词汇：招募 recruit 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Club Members Wanted ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Club Members Wanted The Campus Podcast Club aims to share diverse voices and stories, building a vibrant communication platform for students. Through our podcasts, we not only inform but also inspire, fostering a sense of community among students. Now, we’re recruiting hosts, editors, and content creators. If you’re passionate about podcasting, have a creative mind, and good communication skills, join us! Just send an email to campuspodcastclub@school.com, introducing yourself and your relevant experiences. We look forward to your participation! 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇在学校英文论坛发布的社团招新帖子，要求以校园播客社负责人李华的身份，介绍社团理念、工作意义，说明招募岗位及报名方式。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 旨在做某事：aim to do sth→intend to do sth 多样的：diverse→a variety of 充满活力的：vibrant→dynamic 培养：foster→cultivate 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The Campus Podcast Club aims to share diverse voices and stories, building a vibrant communication platform for students. 拓展句：The Campus Podcast Club, which is committed to promoting campus culture, aims to share diverse voices and stories, building a vibrant communication platform for students. 【点睛】【高分句型2】Through our podcasts, we not only inform but also inspire, fostering a sense of community among students.（运用not only...but also...结构以及现在分词fostering..作伴随状语） 【高分句型3】If you’re passionate about podcasting, have a creative mind, and good communication skills, join us!（运用if引导的条件状语从句） 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The airport announcement informed passengers that due to bad weather, the flight would be delayed for two hours before boarding. Mary’s mom commented quietly that the delay seemed to have ruined everyone’s mood. But eleven-year-old Mary stayed calm, softly humming (哼) a new song she had just learned. She was looking forward to the weekend trip to visit her grandparents, excited to share the song with them. To her, music was like an invisible string that could tie strangers together, creating a warm community. She remembered the first time she had felt this connection: at six years old, waiting for the bus with her mom on a hot, boring day. Then a cheerful tune came from a store loudspeaker—a song about a girl and her dreams: “Dreams of sunshine and fields of gold, Where the heart is never old, Singing songs that never end, In a world that’s my best friend...” Without thinking, Mary sang along—her voice soft and gentle at first, like a whisper carried on the gentle wind, which gradually growing stronger and more confident. The melody was simple yet engaging. Time passed without her noticing. When the bus arrived, passengers smiled; an old man beat his walking stick to the beat. As the doors closed, everyone was humming. Mom whispered to her, “You just lifted all our spirits.” Nothing seemed better than music for calming a restless heart, and Mary remembered that. After boarding the plane, the passengers were told of another weather delay— at least another 45minutes. The cabin (机舱) grew tense with restless movements and complaints. Then a sudden cry cut through the air. Across the aisle (通道) to Mary’s left, a tiny girl, barely three years old, began to cry. Her mother tried everything—rocking her, offering snacks, water, toys—but nothing worked. The child’s face was wet with tears, her cries loud and broken. Passengers shifted uncomfortably in their seats as the crying filled the cabin. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Mary hesitated for a moment, and then turned to her mom ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Slowly, the baby’s cries softened. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Mary hesitated for a moment, and then turned to her mom. She asked if she could sing for the baby. Mom smiled and nodded in agreement. Encouraged, Mary gently asked the mother if she could sing for the baby. The mother, clearly exhausted after trying everything she could, nodded gratefully. Mary took a deep breath and began to sing. Her voice was soft and gentle at first, like a whisper carried on the gentle wind, which gradually growing stronger and more confident. The song was simple yet engaging. She sang of sunshine and dreams, which was easy to catch. Slowly, the baby’s cries softened. Her little body relaxed as Mary’s gentle voice filled the air. The song was simple, yet it seemed to weave a calming spell over the cabin. The baby stopping crying and the air filled with comforting song, other passengers, who had been restless, began to quiet down, drawn into the soothing melody. The mother’s tense expression eased, and she gave Mary a grateful smile. As the song reached its end, everyone clapped with cheers, which turned the boring and annoying delay into a musical feast. Mary’s mom leaned over and whispered, “You did it again, lifting all our spirits.” 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了11岁的玛丽和妈妈在机场候机，航班因天气原因多次延误，乘客们心情烦躁。登机后，机舱内一个小女孩哭闹不止，妈妈尝试多种方法都无法安抚。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“玛丽犹豫了一下，然后转向了妈妈”可知，第一段可描写玛丽犹豫后询问妈妈能否为小女孩唱歌，妈妈同意，玛丽又征得小女孩妈妈同意后开始唱歌，歌声由轻柔逐渐变得自信，歌曲简单且吸引人。 ②由第二段首句内容“慢慢地，婴儿的哭声缓和了下来”可知，第二段可描写小女孩在玛丽歌声的安抚下停止哭闹，其他原本烦躁的乘客也安静下来，小女孩妈妈露出感激的微笑，歌曲结束后大家鼓掌欢呼，玛丽再次用歌声振奋了大家的精神。 2.续写线索：玛丽询问妈妈——征得小女孩妈妈同意——开始唱歌——小女孩停止哭闹——乘客安静下来——妈妈感激——大家鼓掌欢呼 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①鼓励：encourage /motivate ②深呼吸：take a deep breath/breathe deeply ③放松：relax /unwind 情绪类 ①疲惫的：exhausted/tired ②感激的：grateful/appreciative 【点睛】【高分句型 1】She asked if she could sing for the baby.（运用了 if 引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型 2】The baby stopping crying and the air filled with comforting song, other passengers, who had been restless, began to quiet down, drawn into the soothing melody.（运用了独立主格结构 The baby stopping crying and the air filled with comforting song，以及who引导的非限定性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 衡阳县2026年上学期高二创新实验班期末质量检测试题 英 语 考生注意： 1．本试卷分为听力、阅读、语言运用和写作四个部分，满分150分，考试时量120分钟。 2．试卷分为试题卷和答题卡两个部分，答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号、学校填在试题卷答题卡上。 3．将答案写在答题卡上，写在试题卷上无效。 4．考试结束后请将答题卡上交。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读二遍。 1. What will the woman probably do next? A. Draw a picture. B. Send an email. C. Check the article. 2. What can we learn about the man? A. He’s forgetful. B. He’s in a hurry. C. He’s organized. 3. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a science museum. B. In an art gallery. C. In a concert hall. 4. What does the woman think of the smartwatch? A. It’s complicated. B. It’s affordable. C. It’s unnecessary. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. A work mode shift. B. A job hunting experience. C. A time management method. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音，每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳 选项。听每段录音前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,每小题都有5秒钟 的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题 6. What are the speakers doing? A. Writing a novel. B. Watching a film. C. Staging a play. 7. How does the woman feel about the plot? A. Imaginative. B. Confusing. C. Predictable. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题 8. Why is the new station being built in the suburbs? A. To store big telescopes. B. To avoid heavy urban traffic. C. To ensure ideal observing conditions. 9. What might bother Tom in his work? A. The heavy physical labor. B. The unusual working hours. C. The poor research facilities. 10. How will the woman contribute to the project? A. By processing digital data. B. By buying new cameras. C. By monitoring the station. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题 11. What especially drives the woman to study architecture? A. Its visible influence on a city. B. Her discussion with a professor. C. Its combination of design and engineering. 12. What do we know about architecture nowadays? A. It covers various fields. B. It requires multiple degrees. C. It involves diverse decorations. 13. What will the woman probably learn this summer? A. Western philosophy. B. Social economics. C. Computer science. 听第9段录音，回答第14至17题 14. What is the woman’s view on the AI tool? A. It needs more tests. B. It works quite well. C. It performs terribly. 15. What is the man’s worry about the AI tool? A. Its privacy risk. B. Its unreliable accuracy. C. Its complex operation. 16. What function of the AI tool impresses the man? A. Recording daily reading habits. B. Translating foreign books quickly. C. Offering random recommendations. 17. How can the man use the AI tool? A. With his library account. B. With the librarian’s help. C. With a new account. 听第10段录音，回答第18至20题 18. What was Linda’s task at the dairy company? A. Delivering sugary yogurts to markets. B. Measuring the sugar level in products. C. Analyzing the nutritional value of sugar. 19. What did Linda’s team do in Chicago? A. They boosted sales of existing products. B. They invented a sugar-testing method. C. They created new drinks from plants. 20. What did Linda’s team develop? A. A low-fat chocolate. B. A sugar-free product. C. An AI-driven program. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Future of Clean Energy in Homes Heating, cooling, and powering homes contribute significantly to global CO₂ emissions. As nations strive to reduce their carbon footprints, residential energy use — responsible for nearly 20% of energy-related emissions — poses unique challenges. Below is the 2022 breakdown of household emissions by source. ELECTRICITY 52% HEATING 28% COOLING 12% APPLIANCES 6% LIGHTING 2% Clean energy solutions for homes must be affordable, efficient, and adaptable to diverse climates. While technologies vary, here are key innovations driving the shift toward sustainability. HEAT PUMPS — Efficient Heating/Cooling Replacing gas boilers, electric heat pumps transfer warmth from air or ground, cutting heating emissions by 50%. Hybrid models, hopefully, might be able to work in sub-zero temperatures in the near future. SMART GRIDS (电网) — Dynamic Electricity Management AI-powered grids optimize energy use, storing surplus solar power during peak hours and reducing reliance on fossil-fuel backups. SOLAR PANELS — Rooftop Revolution Solar energy is the most accessible renewable source for households. Advances in photovoltaic cells have cut costs by 80% since 2010, making them viable in numerous regions. WIND TURBINES — Community Microgrids Small-scale turbines (涡轮机) in windy areas can power neighborhoods, though land use debates persist. “The scale of this transition is staggering,” says Dr. Elena Torres, a climate scientist at MIT. Residential renewables like solar and heat pumps could meet 90% of global household demand by 2050 — but only if investments triple within this decade. Recent studies show that every $1 invested in green homes today saves $5 in future climate adaptation costs. This isn’t just an environmental imperative; it’s economically inevitable. 1. Which two categories combined account for over three-quarters of total household emissions? A. Electricity and Heating. B. Heating and Cooling. C. Appliances and Lighting. D. Cooling and Appliances. 2. Which technology is highlighted as cost-effective for diverse climates? A. Heat pumps. B. Smart grids. C. Solar panels. D. Wind turbines. 3. What does Dr. Torres emphasize about the energy transition? A. The dominance of gas boilers. B. The increase in solar efficiency. C. The need for higher investment. D. The breakthrough in heat pump technology. B In this fast-paced world, quiet moments are often spent staring at a phone screen. For those who have forgotten how to switch off and reconnect with ourselves, Deborah Alma may have just what the doctor ordered. She is the founder of The Poetry Pharmacy (药房), whose aim is to ease worry with words, allowing visitors to book poetry consultations for tailored advice or pick up a quick fix off the shelves. Last year, another Poetry Pharmacy opened its doors inside LUSH on London’s Oxford Street, seeking to bring a little calm to the capital. Even before she had two successful “practices” under her belt, Deborah was keenly aware of the power of poetry. She noticed how it could bring people a positive change. This inspired her to become the “Emergency Poet” traveling the country in a vintage ambulance to offer poetry prescriptions (处方). The 1950s ambulance, which was bought on eBay, carried 200 poems, each with advice like “take this poem with a cup of tea” or “listen to some birdsong”. After about a decade of mobile medicine, Deborah parked up her practice for a permanent location in Shropshire. This became the world’s first walk-in-poetry pharmacy, and — unlike the ambulance — it had central heating. From a cozy coffee corner to an inspiring physic garden, the Pharmacy is described as “a peaceful place to rest and dream”. “What happens in the shops is that people who look at pills are often buying things for others. It’s potentially a little theatre, but that act of giving and thinking about someone else is heartwarming.” The Pharmacy also provides a more personalized service. “We ask about people’s reading habits, how they relax, rather than their problems. It should be a pleasure to answer these questions,” Deborah says. Despite never having done any online marketing, The Poetry Pharmacy has a dedicated following of creative souls, including Mark Constantine, CEO and co-founder of LUSH. We don’t know what the future holds for The Poetry Pharmacy and its founder, but one thing is certain-the next chapter is bound to be a good one! 4. How many poetry pharmacies has Deborah opened? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 5. What can possibly happen in The Poetry Pharmacy? A. Poetic healing. B. Helping phone addicts. C. Enjoying theatre performances. D. Discussing poetry writing. 6. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. The shop needs some marketing. B. The shop has gained acceptance. C. Deborah will open a new shop soon. D. Deborah has found some co-founders. 7. Which of the following best describes Deborah? A. Creative but inconsistent. B. Conventional but warm. C. Innovative and compassionate. D. Sociable and adventurous. C Languages represent far more than mere communication tools; they are complex carriers of cultural memory, showing unique viewpoints, cultural traditions, and collective wisdom. Language loss occurs when the final native speakers disappear, transforming vivid linguistic (语言的) traditions into historical artifacts. The loss of a language is not merely a loss of words but a deep loss of human heritage (遗产), disconnecting communities from their ancestral roots and their unique worldview. While language extinction is not a new phenomenon, languages are disappearing at the fastest rate in recorded history, with one language lost every three to four months. Artificial intelligence (AI) has introduced innovative methods for preserving and refreshing endangered languages, offering tools that were unimaginable in traditional linguistic research. Automated Transcription Tools can change spoken language into written text, while Large Language Models (LLMs) are trained on extensive datasets to perform translations across a wide range of languages. While AI offers promising solutions, it faces a significant challenge which blocks its full potential. The vast majority of these endangered languages are underrepresented digitally. If one language doesn’t have a lot of text online, it will be less represented in those technologies. This digital divide is further worsened by the dominance of a few languages on the Internet. Consequently, endangered languages are often excluded from AI technologies, leaving their speakers pushed aside in the digital space. Tech companies, linguists and local communities are all vital in ensuring that AI tools are culturally relevant and technically effective, which can lead to the developments that meet the unique needs of each language community. By involving native speakers in the design and use of AI technologies, create resources that reflect the true-essence of the language and encourage a sense of ownership among community members. This shared approach is essential for building trust and ensuring the long-term sustainability of language preservation efforts. 8. Why are the roles of languages talked about in paragraph 1? A. To call for global language unity. B. To draw attention to lost languages. C. To show the effect of language loss. D. To prove the uniqueness of languages. 9. What major difficulty does AI face in handling endangered languages? A. Their limited speakers. B. Their poor digital data. C. The dominant languages. D. The backward technologies. 10. What does the author urge people to do in the end? A. Prioritize communities over experts! B. Meet common needs of communities. C. Create technically effective AI models. D. Make joint efforts at specific solutions. 11. Which can be the best title for the text? A. Save Dying Languages Through Technology. B. Bridge the Digital Language Gap with AI Tools. C. AI in Teaching People Endangered Languages. D. Fruitful Smart Projects in Language Protection. D Pictures and videos of all sorts of animals regularly go viral these days because people connect with the apparent joy, friendship and playfulness of these animals. Unfortunately, the initial enthusiasm of these posts is often squashed by someone rightly noting that the animal’s reaction is not joy or pleasure, but fear, anger or pain. The reason we often get cases like this wrong is that we interpret the emotional content of many behaviors automatically and unconsciously. This is a version of anthropomorphism: interpreting animals as we would interpret another human. The standard view has been that anthropomorphism is primarily an error of overestimating the intelligence of animals. In recent decades, many authors have pushed back against this attitude towards anthropomorphism, arguing animals are a lot like us and that many “anthropomorphic” claims about animals are actually true. Instead of getting caught in a black-and-white debate, however, I want a more complicated, informed discussion of competing ideas. Once we agree that animals do in fact, have emotions, we can acknowledge that the anthropomorphic mistake is not seeing emotion where there is none — it is seeing the wrong emotion. Each of us has a set of perceptual, emotional and cognitive capacities that allow us to engage and understand one another socially. These capacities help guide and structure all sorts of interactions, and we are generally not even aware we are using them. They are generally, but not perfectly, tuned for human interaction. Things can get messy, though, when we use them to interpret animals. Perhaps the best-studied version of this is the primate “grin” (灵长类动物的咧嘴笑). The animal is not happy, it turns out. The exact signaling function varies by species, but it usually signals something more like fear or anxiety, often by a submissive individual in a tense social situation. This is, in fact, anthropomorphism, because you are interpreting an animal’s behavior in the same way we would interpret human behavior. This kind of anthropomorphism is a form of cognitive bias (偏见) resulting from shortcuts taken by our reasoning processes, usually without our awareness. We should approach the topic of anthropomorphism from the angle of bias. Traditionally, assumptions about how and when people anthropomorphise have been so fixed that the psychology did not seem worth investigating. Slightly different attitudes can be found. For example, even though they advocate for anthropomorphic views of animals, the zoologists Jesus Rivas and Gordon Burghardt memorably note that it can be tricky: “Anthropomorphism comes in many forms and can catch you off guard!” While the recognition of “many forms” is progress, it makes the need for evidence-based research only more pressing. By focusing on implicit (隐性的) anthropomorphism, we shift attention from debating specific “humanlike” features to examining the deeper psychological mechanisms that make anthropomorphism so slippery. This, I believe, is the most challenging and most significant dimension of the problem. 12. What does the word “squashed” underlined in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Awakened. B. Dampened. C. Misguided. D. Underestimated. 13. What can we learn about anthropomorphism? A. It turns animals’ negative emotions into positive ones B. It underrates the emotional capacities of animal species. C. It contributes to the shortcuts of our reasoning processes. D. It reflects the projection of human qualities onto animals 14. The author quotes Jesus and Gordon to ________. A. confirm the value of anthropomorphism B. highlight the complexity of anthropomorphism C. warn us of the limitations of anthropomorphism D. remind us to view anthropomorphism positively 15. What does the author intend to do by writing this passage? A. Propose a fresh perspective. B. Analyze a worrying tendency. C. Evaluate the credibility of a theory. D. Explore the origin of a phenomenon. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Over the summer, Ohio State University announced a new initiative promising to “integrate AI education into the core of every undergraduate curriculum.” Similar initiatives are being rolled out at other universities. ____16____ Based on the available evidence, the skills that future graduates will most need in the AI era are precisely those that are likely to be weakened by inserting AI into the educational process. Students must be able to ask AI questions, critically analyze its written responses, identify possible weaknesses or inaccuracies, and integrate new information with existing knowledge. Each of these skills comes from years of sustained educational development. ____17____ “I find that careful use of AI helps me at work, but that is because I completed my education decades ago and have been actively studying ever since,” the sociologist Gabriel Rossman has written. “My accumulated knowledge gives me inspiration for new research questions and techniques.” Will the AI-integrated education develop these skills? ____18____ For example, a team of scientists at MIT recently divided subjects into three groups and asked them to write a number of short essays over the course of several months. The first group used ChatGPT to assist its writing, the second used Google Search, and the third used no technology. They found that the subjects that used ChatGPT produced vague, poorly reasoned essays and showed the lowest levels of brain activity. ____19____ Other studies have found a negative correlation between AI use and cognitive abilities. ____20____ The most responsible way for colleges to prepare students for the future is to teach AI skills only after building a solid foundation of basic cognitive (认知的) ability and advanced disciplinary knowledge. A. This is how innovation happens. B. These findings raise serious doubts about the push. C. A growing body of research suggests that it will not. D. We should engage in cautious and reasoned thinking. E. Some experts argue for a complete ban on AI in educational settings. F. But such policies represent a dangerously rapid and uninformed response to the technology. G. They tended to compose their work simply by cutting and pasting (粘贴) material from other sources. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In 1980, when Malcolm Campbell was a senior in high school, he took a civics class with a teacher named Don Lawson. One of the units that Mr Lawson ____21____ was about the anti-war movement. For two days, Mr Lawson played them anti-war songs by Bob Dylan, to ____22____ that art can be an important vehicle for protest. On the second day, Campbell raised his hand, with a ____23____. “Is this gonna be on the test?” he recalled asking. “And Mr Lawson looked at me and said, ‘No, man, this is for your ____24____,’” Campbell said. That’s when Campbell had a flash of ____25____ about what Mr Lawson was trying to do. “It was like in the movies. A light went off in my head,” Campbell remembered. “And I ____26____ what Mr Lawson was trying to convey. He’s ____27____ this material not for the test, but for personal enrichment.” Campbell went on to ____28____ a PhD in biology and he spent 30 years teaching biology at Davidson College in North Carolina. All along, he kept the ____29____ of Mr Lawson in his heart. Campbell recently ____30____ from teaching. But looking back at his long career, one of his ____31____ accomplishments was helping students have their own ____32____ of epiphany (顿悟). “That’s a(n) ____33____ career — essentially I go around flipping (抛) lit matches onto piles of leaves and watching them take ____34____,” Campbell said. That’s ____35____ true. As a famous saying goes, “Education is not the filling of a pail (桶), but the lighting of a fire.” 21. A. learned B. reviewed C. commented D. taught 22. A. illustrate B. ensure C. confirm D. propose 23. A. present B. request C. demand D. question 24. A. life B. health C. soul D. future 25. A. thought B. insight C. concept D. imagination 26. A. figured out B. came across C. took over D. turned down 27. A. produced B. advocated C. arranged D. replaced 28. A. earn B. take C. apply D. claim 29. A. messages B. lessons C. opinions D. actions 30. A. separated B. removed C. escaped D. retired 31. A. easiest B. hardest C. proudest D. latest 32. A. classes B. stages C. moments D. periods 33. A. amazing B. simple C. ordinary D. familiar 34. A. order B. fire C. chance D. turn 35. A. basically B. normally C. generally D. absolutely 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An Extreme Fondness for Ants One day in 1936 Edward Wilson, a budding seven-year-old naturalist, was out ____36____ (fish). He hooked a pinfish, which has sharp spines down its back. He pulled so hard that one of its spines went into his right eye. Keen not to cut short a day outdoors, he kept on ____37____ going to hospital. As a result, he lost most of the sight in that eye. This loss of vision gave him a push from vertebrates toward ants. A long and productive career ____38____ (witness) him write hundreds of papers and publish dozens of books, collect two Pulitzer prizes, and make fundamental contributions to ecology and evolutionary biology up to now. As with all the best scientists, he delighted in drawing connections. Ants are biological robots and their behaviour controlled by chemicals are called pheromones. But from those simple chemicals ____39____ (arise) an astonishing variety of behaviour. Ants march in columns, practise agriculture, and run complex societies ____40____ the individual good is less important than that of the colony. Exploring the evolutionary principles ____41____ (underlie) that behaviour got him thinking about how they could apply to other species, ____42____ topic he explored in 1975 in a book called Sociobiology: The New Synthesis. The chapters that applied biological reasoning to the behaviour of other animals were uncontroversial. But when, at the end, he extended the ____43____ (analyze) to humans he was criticized by some of his colleagues and physically attacked at a lecture. Time has proved Wilson right. These days few dispute that human behaviour is at least ____44____ (part) shaped by genes. ____45____ the principle is mostly accepted, the mechanisms remain obscure. Understanding exactly how, and how much, genes affect human behaviour remains a piece of vast and fascinating unfinished business. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假定你是校园播客社（Campus Podcast Club）负责人李华，拟在学校英文论坛发帖为社团招新。请写一篇短文，内容包括： （1）社团理念及工作意义； （2）招募岗位和报名方式。 参考词汇：招募 recruit 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Club Members Wanted ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The airport announcement informed passengers that due to bad weather, the flight would be delayed for two hours before boarding. Mary’s mom commented quietly that the delay seemed to have ruined everyone’s mood. But eleven-year-old Mary stayed calm, softly humming (哼) a new song she had just learned. She was looking forward to the weekend trip to visit her grandparents, excited to share the song with them. To her, music was like an invisible string that could tie strangers together, creating a warm community. She remembered the first time she had felt this connection: at six years old, waiting for the bus with her mom on a hot, boring day. Then a cheerful tune came from a store loudspeaker—a song about a girl and her dreams: “Dreams of sunshine and fields of gold, Where the heart is never old, Singing songs that never end, In a world that’s my best friend...” Without thinking, Mary sang along—her voice soft and gentle at first, like a whisper carried on the gentle wind, which gradually growing stronger and more confident. The melody was simple yet engaging. Time passed without her noticing. When the bus arrived, passengers smiled; an old man beat his walking stick to the beat. As the doors closed, everyone was humming. Mom whispered to her, “You just lifted all our spirits.” Nothing seemed better than music for calming a restless heart, and Mary remembered that. After boarding the plane, the passengers were told of another weather delay— at least another 45minutes. The cabin (机舱) grew tense with restless movements and complaints. Then a sudden cry cut through the air. Across the aisle (通道) to Mary’s left, a tiny girl, barely three years old, began to cry. Her mother tried everything—rocking her, offering snacks, water, toys—but nothing worked. The child’s face was wet with tears, her cries loud and broken. Passengers shifted uncomfortably in their seats as the crying filled the cabin. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Mary hesitated for a moment, and then turned to her mom ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Slowly, the baby’s cries softened. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $