精品解析：湖南省衡南县2024-2025学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题

衡南县高二期末考试试卷 英 语 时量：120分钟 总分：150分 命题人：王 娟 注意事项：请考生把答案写在答题卡上。答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. Who is the man probably talking to? A.A babysitter. B.A student. C.A client. 2. What is wrong with Ruby's laptop? A. It fails to be charged. B. It turns itself off frequently. C. It can't connect to the Internet. 3. How much will the man pay for the backpack? A. $40. B. $36. C. $34. 4. What is the conversation mainly about? A. A monkey. B. A song. C. A story. 5. Whose birthday is around the corner? A. Shirley's. B. Sophia's. C. Maggie's. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the man's sister rarely drink cola? A. To protect her teeth. B. To keep a good figure. C. To suit her taste. 7. Which drinks will be served at the party? A. Orange juice and cola. B. Lemonade and cola. C. Lemonade and orange juice. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What can Cindy see from her bedroom window? A. A bakery. B. Her friend's house. C. A park. 9. How does Cindy feel about moving? A. Excited. B. Upset. C. Surprised. 10. What does the man suggest doing with the rest of the toys? A. Giving them away. B. Throwing them away. C. Selling them off. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What time is it now? A.11:30 a.m. B.11:00 a.m. C.10:30 a.m. 12. What job does the man interview for? A.A manager. B.A salesman. C.A bank clerk. 13. What does the woman ask the man to do in the end? A. Calm himself down. B. Show his resume. C. Share work experiences. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What makes the man go home late these days? A. The conflict with his wife. B. The noise made by his kids. C. The pressure of unemployment. 15. Which country did the woman travel to last month? A. Greece. B. America. C. Britain. 16. Why does the woman plan to call Johnny Brown tomorrow? A. To invite him to a trip. B. To ask him about a position. C. To report her sales performance. 17. How does the woman sound? A. Helpful. B. Grateful. C. Disappointed. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What does the research show? A. Cats rely upon humans to feel safe. B. Cats treat humans like their fellows. C. Cats’ reputation as a cold pet is true. 19. Why do cats expose their stomachs? A. To beg for food. B. To ask for a belly stroke. C. To show their trust. 20 How do cats greet other cats they don’t know? A. By staring at other cats. B. By raising their tails. C. By touching legs. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Enchanting Scenery of Zhangjiajie Nestled in China’s Hunan province, Zhangjiajie offers a unique and breathtaking landscape, a testament to nature’s unbound creativity. This region, famous for its otherworldly rock formations and deep gorges, is a popular destination for travelers seeking an escape into nature’s wonders. Tianmen Mountain Tianmen Mountain, the tallest peak in Zhangjiajie, stands tall at 1,518 meters. Its most famous attraction is the Tianmen Cave, a natural arch that spans over 100 meters wide and offers a breathtaking view of the surrounding mountains. The mountain also boasts a challenging glass walkway, offering visitors a thrilling walk above the clouds. Zhangjiajie National Forest Park This park is a shelter for nature lovers, boasting over 2,400 species of plants and animals. Its highlights include the “Avatar” Hallelujah Mountains, which were a filming location for the popular movie “Avatar”. The park’s hiking trails offer visitors the chance to explore its thick forests and breathtaking valleys. Huangshi Village Known for its traditional Tujia architecture, Huangshi Village offers a glimpse into the rich cultural heritage of the local community. Visitors can enjoy the village’s peaceful atmosphere, admire the unique stone houses, and taste the delicious local cuisine. Baofeng Lake This beautiful lake, surrounded by lush green hills, offers a serene and peaceful escape. Boating on the lake, one can appreciate the reflections of the surrounding mountains, creating a picture-perfect scene. 1. Which of the following is NOT a feature of Tianmen Mountain? A. It is the tallest peak in Zhangjiajie. B. Its glass walkway makes visitors thrilled. C. It is famous for its flat and featureless landscape. D. It takes pride in a natural arch called Tianmen Cave. 2. Where was the movie “Avatar” filmed? A. Tianmen Mountain. B. Zhangjiajie National Forest Park. C Huangshi Village. D. Baofeng Lake. 3. What cultural aspect of Zhangjiajie can visitors experience in Huangshi Village? A. The beauty of its lakes. B. The traditional architecture and cuisine. C. The diversity of its plant species. D. The uniqueness of its rock formations. B Song Yingxing was a Chinese scientist and encyclopedist (百科全书编纂者) who lived during the late Ming Dynasty. The British biochemist and historian Joseph Needham called him “The Diderot of China”. Song Yingxing was born in Fengxin county in Jiangxi province in 1587. He took part in the second highest imperial (科学) examinations in Beijing six times, but failed to become a jinshi. After that, he decided to give up taking exams and turned to the practical knowledge of natural science. Then Song Yingxing spent four years teaching his students in his hometown. Although it was a job like teaching, it was a very important stage in Song Yingxing’s life, because many of his works were written here. And Song Yingxing had been living in a secluded (隐居的) life in the past ten years. Because he didn’t want to be an official, Song Yingxing lived a very poor life in his later years. He was the author of Tian Gong Kai Wu, an encyclopedia that covered a wide variety of technical subjects. As Joseph Needham has observed, the vast amount of accurately drawn illustrations in this encyclopedia dwarfed the amount provided in previous Chinese encyclopedias, making it a valuable written work in the history of Chinese literature. Tian Gong Kai Wu records all aspects of technology up to the mid-Ming period. The book constitutes a complete system of science and technology, and provides a systematic summary of ancient Chinese technology, the experience accumulated by China in agriculture, and China’s achievements in technology. Many of the production techniques described in the book are still in use today. At the same time, Tian Gong Kai Wu broke from Chinese tradition by rarely referencing previous written work. It was instead written in a style strongly suggestive of personal experience. The book was translated into Japanese, French, English, German, Italian, and Russian, and was widely circulated in Europe and Japan. In addition, Song Yingxing had made great achievements in many fields. His research was very extensive. In physics, he studied the occurrence of sound and, finally concluded that sound is transmitted in the air. 4. What can we learn about Song Yingxing from the text? A. He adjusted the direction of life. B. He dreamed to be a great scientist. C. He received a science education. D. He passed imperial examinations. 5. Which of the following best describes Song’s teaching life? A. Busy but satisfactory. B. Significant and rewarding. C. Comfortable but worthless. D. Challenging and intolerant. 6. What’s the possible meaning of the underlined word “dwarfed”? A. Make something seem smaller. B. Apply something to practice. C. Provide evidence of something. D. Take advantage of something. 7. What is one of the features of Tian Gong Kai Wu? A. It provided abundant first-hand experience. B. It was written in multiple foreign languages. C. It focused merely on agricultural technology. D. It largely referenced previous encyclopedias. C A worldwide study published last month in the journal Nature Climate Change found global warming responsible for 37 percent of heat-related deaths between 1991 and 2018. As temperatures climb ever higher, that figure may well rise. The following is what happens if you’re one of the next people whom extreme heat kills, according to W. Lawrence Kenney, an expert at Penn State University. First, your brain sends a series of messages to your sweat glands (腺) telling them to increase sweat production. Then your heart starts beating faster to pump blood to the skin while blood flow is also directed away from some of your internal organs. That’s your body attempting to make your skin hotter than the air outside, in hopes of creating a convection (对流) phenomenon that moves heat away from you. Sometimes that alone is enough to create problems for a weak or aging heart. If heat attack occurs, your body might get so hot and shift so much oxygen-rich blood to the skin that it suffocates (窒息) those vital internal organs, which become oxygen-starved. Surviving the organ failure that follows might require an emergency transplant. If your body fails to cool you down, its internal temperature might start to climb to somewhere closer to 104 degrees and 105 degrees. “These are the situations where people die of classical heat attack,” Kenney said. At that temperature, the tissue s in the brain become affected. You may feel it start as a dull headache. Before long, you might not know where you are or what time it is. You might collapse. Left untreated, what follows is a series of organ failure that leads to all but certain death. We are learning more about how to avoid overheating. The most likely guarantee against dying of extreme heat is preventing the rise of global temperatures. However, achieving that goal requires rapidly and dramatically reducing fossil fuel use and finding ways to remove more carbon from the atmosphere than we release. Efforts so far have remained awfully insufficient. Global oil demand, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries predicted last month, will jump greatly. 8. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The function of sweat glands. B. The body’s heat-loss principle. C. The working principle of skin. D. The cause of an aging heart. 9. What directly claims people’s lives? A. Heat waves. B. Lack of oxygen. C. Dull headache. D. Organ failure. 10. How does the author feel about human’s current efforts to prevent global warming? A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Disappointed. D. Satisfied. 11. What is a suitable title for the text? A. How Heat Waves Destroy the Human Body B. Global Warming Leads to More Problems C. How Extreme Weather Affects Our Life D. Global Warming Attracts Public Attention D Let’s face it: we are influenced by AI algorithms (算法) when surfing the Internet on a daily basis. If you think about it, almost anything you can possibly click on over the Internet wants to influence you in some way. Even if it’s not an advertisement and the goal isn’t literally to sell you a product or service, it wants to influence you somehow, whether it’s getting you to think something, feel something, or do something. Behind every blogger, YouTube personality, and social media influencer, there are the companies that own the platforms these bloggers and influencers use: YouTube, Meta, TikTok, Instagram, and the rest. Generally speaking, the goal of these platforms is to keep users on them as often as possible for as long as possible and this increases the likelihood of those users clicking on targeted ads. These platforms use the users’ data to serve the content most likely to arouse their emotions and keep them engaged. The kind of content that’s effective at keeping people engaged often happens to be emotionally charged: sensational (轰动的), controversial, or misinformative. Unfortunately, due to its massive computing power, AI is very good at understanding your psychology (often better than you do) and, therefore, using content that is most likely to “push your buttons”. Obviously, AI itself has no emotions. It doesn’t “want” to influence you or to have power over you, but it does simply because, in the context of the Internet, that’s what it’s been programmed to do. The people who use AI as their tools are simply trying to accomplish the goal of any platform or company, which is to be profitable. In a previous post, I wrote about being data literate. Well, the first step towards protecting yourself against AI’s influence is to be conscious of the fact that we live in an attention economy in which much of the business occurs between companies that want your attention and the content platforms that provide it to them. 12 What message does the author try to convey about social media in paragraph 3? A. It is developing rapidly. B. It is trying to control us. C. It enjoys great popularity. D. It offers us a variety of choices. 13. What kind of content do the social media platforms favour most? A. The content that causes emotional reactions. B. The content that creates value for users. C. The content that spreads positive energy. D. The content that makes users feel satisfied. 14. Which of the following may be to blame according to the author? A. AI algorithms. B. Content creators. C. Social media users. D. Social media platforms. 15. What will the author probably talk about in the paragraph that follows? A. How social media platforms work. B. How AI algorithms are influencing us. C. Some measures to protect ourselves. D. Some negative effects of AI algorithms. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中逃出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Every time life knocks you down, just remember these actions to take, and you can heal and overcome the crisis quickly, returning to your life stronger and happier. Accept reality. Instead of avoiding life, take the change as a challenge. You will eventually either get what you want. You don’t necessarily need to be in a place where there is no challenge or hard work. ___16___ Once you manage to do that, you can handle anything that comes your way. ___17___ After darkness always comes light, and every sunrise reminds you of this, but sometimes you still forget this fact and choose to believe that the night will last forever. It won’t, because nothing lasts forever. Every moment is a second chance to start fresh, so take this moment and make the best of it. Push yourself to take another step whatever happens. Every mistake and loss contains within it the solution and the hidden lesson you need to discover and learn to function correctly the next time you face the same problem. Don’t let things outside your control interfere with the endless things within your control. ___18___ Be positive and don’t let negativity control you. You can either give in to negativity and let it take over your life, or you can be positive and focus on what truly matters. ___19___ Choose to be positive-about your situation, your opportunities, and what you can do to move forward. Find one small thing you. can appreciate. If you have many reasons to cry and complain but choose to smile and appreciate life instead, you’re on the right path. Being thankful for the "ordinary" things in your life may seem strange. ___20___ Think of all the beauty around you, notice it, and smile. A. Look forward to a fresh start. B. You need to embrace the changes and stay calm. C. Instead, use those things to drive yourself forward. D. Remind yourself that everything in life is temporary. E. In other words, don’t wait for a reason to be positive. F. Being positive in negative situations doesn’t mean being naive. G. But only when you truly appreciate them can you make them extraordinary. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My mom enjoyed inviting people for Thanksgiving. After my family moved far away from all our ____21____, Mom started filling the house with ____22____ guests—whoever had nowhere else to go for Thanksgiving. I missed our big family gatherings before moving here, but Mom had a(n) ____23____ heart. This year, when Mom showed me her guest list, almost half the size of our small town’s ____24____, I was annoyed. Our first guests arrived: three foreign exchange students. Mom’s original plan was to ____25____ one. But she was told those unable to go home sometimes ____26____ in tears, so here came three. The next guests ____27____ through the door, a single mom and her six kids. With more guests, the volume and the temperature in the house instantly ____28____. Luckily, dinner was ready before the house or I ____29____. However, seeing my name card placed among the six kids, I murmured angrily, “How would I get such an _____30_____ seat?” After dinner, Mom suggested sharing something we were thankful for—another annual _____31_____ at our house. “I’m so _____32_____ to your family for opening up home to us.” The single mom spoke with watery eyes. Then one student expressed how much it _____33_____ to be with a family on Thanksgiving. Suddenly something _____34_____ me: the essence of generosity and inclusion. Thanksgiving is about more than family—it’s about a shared _____35_____ full of kindness. 21. A. colleagues B. relatives C. neighbours D. strangers 22. A. close B. random C. specific D. favorite 23. A. generous B. energetic C. curious D. powerful 24. A. applicants B. beggars C. population D. volunteers 25. A. shelter B. award C. repay D. host 26. A. set out B. took over C. broke down D. showed up 27. A. burst B. dropped C. pulled D. fell 28. A. recovered B. declined C. rose D. stretched 29. A. exploded B. suffered C. slid D. withdrew 30. A. impressive B. unlucky C. unusual D. awesome 31. A. contest B. opportunity C. anticipation D. tradition 32. A. grateful B. sympathetic C. familiar D. addicted 33. A. cost B. worked C. remained D. meant 34 A. inspired B. convinced C. struck D. drilled 35. A. welfare B. community C. friendship D. future 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO联合国教科文组织) on Wednesday _____36_____ (official) announced the recognition of the Spring Festival, social practices of the Chinese people in celebration of the traditional new year, as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (人类非物质文化遗产) . The Spring Festival, also _____37_____ (know) as Chinese New Year, marks the first day of the lunar calendar. It involves enormous traditional knowledge and _____38_____ (feature) public events organized by communities. It is deeply rooted in Chinese tradition, representing one of _____39_____ most significant cultural celebrations in Chinese society. UNESCO noted that the traditional knowledge and customs _____40_____ (pass) down through families, communities, and the education system. The festival is not only a celebration but also a symbol of the harmony between humans and nature, ______41______ provides a sense of cultural identity. It contributes to sustainable _______42_______ (develop) in areas such as food security and education. In addition, it also plays a key role ____43____ raising environmental awareness. Rao Quan, China’s vice minister of Culture and Tourism, expressed gratitude for the recognition. He stressed that the Spring Festival is China’s most important traditional holiday, ____44____ (symbolize) the Chinese people’s hopes for a better life. And the Spring Festival is also the most important time for whole families _____45_____ (get) together. With this addition, China now has 44 items on the intangible cultural heritage list of the UNESCO, continuing to be the most enlisted country in the world. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你从网上得知联合国教科文组织（UNESCO）将在你的家乡举办“一带一路”（the Belt and Road Initial）茶文化交流活动。请你写一封英文信申请做志愿者。内容包括： 1. 写信目的； 2. 对活动的认识； 3. 个人优势。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir or Madam, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was invited to a cookout on an old friend’s farm in western Washington. I parked my car outside the farm and walked past a milking house which had apparently not been used in many years. A noise at a window caught my attention, so I entered it. It was a hummingbird (蜂鸟), desperately trying to escape. She was covered in spider-webs (蛛网) and was barely able to move her wings. She ceased her struggle the instant I picked her up. With the bird in my cupped hand, I looked around to see how she had gotten in. The broken window glass was the likely answer. I stuffed a piece of cloth into the hole and took her outside, closing the door securely behind me. When I opened my hand, the bird did not fly away; she sat looking at me with her bright eyes. I removed the sticky spider-webs that covered her head and wings. Still, she made no attempt to fly. Perhaps she had been struggling against the window too long and was too tired? Or too thirsty? As I carried her up the blackberry-lined path toward my car where I kept a water bottle, she began to move. I stopped, and she soon took wing but did not immediately fly away. Hovering (悬停), she approached within six inches of my face. For a very long moment, this tiny creature looked into my eyes, turning her head from side to side. Then she flew quickly out of sight. During the cookout, I told my hosts about the hummingbird incident. They promised to fix the window. As I was departing, my friends walked me to my car. I was standing by the car when a hummingbird flew to the center of our group and began hovering. She turned from person to person until she came to me. She again looked directly into my eyes, then let out a squeaking call and was gone. For a moment, all were speechless. Then someone said, “She must have come to say goodbye.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 A few weeks later, I went to the farm again. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I was just about to leave when the hummingbird appeared. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 衡南县高二期末考试试卷 英 语 时量：120分钟 总分：150分 命题人：王 娟 注意事项：请考生把答案写在答题卡上。答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. Who is the man probably talking to? A.A babysitter. B.A student. C.A client. 2. What is wrong with Ruby's laptop? A. It fails to be charged. B. It turns itself off frequently. C. It can't connect to the Internet. 3. How much will the man pay for the backpack? A. $40. B. $36. C. $34. 4. What is the conversation mainly about? A. A monkey. B. A song. C. A story. 5. Whose birthday is around the corner? A. Shirley's. B. Sophia's. C. Maggie's. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the man's sister rarely drink cola? A To protect her teeth. B. To keep a good figure. C. To suit her taste. 7. Which drinks will be served at the party? A. Orange juice and cola. B. Lemonade and cola. C. Lemonade and orange juice. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What can Cindy see from her bedroom window? A. A bakery. B. Her friend's house. C. A park. 9. How does Cindy feel about moving? A. Excited. B. Upset. C. Surprised. 10. What does the man suggest doing with the rest of the toys? A. Giving them away. B. Throwing them away. C. Selling them off. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What time is it now? A.11:30 a.m. B.11:00 a.m. C.10:30 a.m. 12. What job does the man interview for? A.A manager. B.A salesman. C.A bank clerk. 13. What does the woman ask the man to do in the end? A. Calm himself down. B. Show his resume. C. Share work experiences. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What makes the man go home late these days? A. The conflict with his wife. B. The noise made by his kids. C. The pressure of unemployment. 15. Which country did the woman travel to last month? A. Greece. B. America. C. Britain. 16. Why does the woman plan to call Johnny Brown tomorrow? A. To invite him to a trip. B. To ask him about a position. C. To report her sales performance. 17. How does the woman sound? A. Helpful. B. Grateful. C. Disappointed. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What does the research show? A. Cats rely upon humans to feel safe. B. Cats treat humans like their fellows. C. Cats’ reputation as a cold pet is true. 19. Why do cats expose their stomachs? A. To beg for food. B. To ask for a belly stroke. C. To show their trust. 20. How do cats greet other cats they don’t know? A. By staring at other cats. B. By raising their tails. C. By touching legs. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Enchanting Scenery of Zhangjiajie Nestled in China’s Hunan province, Zhangjiajie offers a unique and breathtaking landscape, a testament to nature’s unbound creativity. This region, famous for its otherworldly rock formations and deep gorges, is a popular destination for travelers seeking an escape into nature’s wonders. Tianmen Mountain Tianmen Mountain, the tallest peak in Zhangjiajie, stands tall at 1,518 meters. Its most famous attraction is the Tianmen Cave, a natural arch that spans over 100 meters wide and offers a breathtaking view of the surrounding mountains. The mountain also boasts a challenging glass walkway, offering visitors a thrilling walk above the clouds. Zhangjiajie National Forest Park This park is a shelter for nature lovers, boasting over 2,400 species of plants and animals. Its highlights include the “Avatar” Hallelujah Mountains, which were a filming location for the popular movie “Avatar”. The park’s hiking trails offer visitors the chance to explore its thick forests and breathtaking valleys. Huangshi Village Known for its traditional Tujia architecture, Huangshi Village offers a glimpse into the rich cultural heritage of the local community. Visitors can enjoy the village’s peaceful atmosphere, admire the unique stone houses, and taste the delicious local cuisine. Baofeng Lake This beautiful lake, surrounded by lush green hills, offers a serene and peaceful escape. Boating on the lake, one can appreciate the reflections of the surrounding mountains, creating a picture-perfect scene. 1. Which of the following is NOT a feature of Tianmen Mountain? A. It is the tallest peak in Zhangjiajie. B. Its glass walkway makes visitors thrilled. C. It is famous for its flat and featureless landscape. D. It takes pride in a natural arch called Tianmen Cave. 2. Where was the movie “Avatar” filmed? A. Tianmen Mountain. B. Zhangjiajie National Forest Park. C. Huangshi Village. D. Baofeng Lake. 3. What cultural aspect of Zhangjiajie can visitors experience in Huangshi Village? A. The beauty of its lakes. B. The traditional architecture and cuisine. C. The diversity of its plant species. D. The uniqueness of its rock formations. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了张家界迷人风光：集自然奇观、人文韵味于一体的湖南心脏地带梦幻之地。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Tianmen Mountain下的“Tianmen Mountain, the tallest peak in Zhangjiajie, stands tall at 1,518 meters. Its most famous attraction is the Tianmen Cave, a natural arch that spans over 100 meters wide and offers a breathtaking view of the surrounding mountains. The mountain also boasts a challenging glass walkway, offering visitors a thrilling walk above the clouds.(天门山是张家界的最高峰，高达1518米。它最著名的景点是天门洞，这是一个100多米宽的天然拱门，可以看到周围群山的壮丽景色。这座山还拥有一条具有挑战性的玻璃栈道，为游客提供了一次惊险的云端漫步)”可知，以平坦而无特色的风景而闻名不是天门山的特色。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Zhangjiajie National Forest Park下的“Its highlights include the “Avatar” Hallelujah Mountains, which were a filming location for the popular movie “Avatar”.(它的亮点包括“阿凡达”哈利路亚山脉，这是热门电影“阿凡达”的拍摄地)”可知，电影《阿凡达》是在张家界国家森林公园拍摄的。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Huangshi Village下的“Known for its traditional Tujia architecture, Huangshi Village offers a glimpse into the rich cultural heritage of the local community. Visitors can enjoy the village’s peaceful atmosphere, admire the unique stone houses, and taste the delicious local cuisine.(黄石村以其传统的土家族建筑而闻名，让人们得以一窥当地社区丰富的文化遗产。游客可以享受村庄的宁静氛围，欣赏独特的石头房子，品尝美味的当地美食)”可知，游客在黄石村可以体验到张家界的传统的建筑和美食。故选B项。 B Song Yingxing was a Chinese scientist and encyclopedist (百科全书编纂者) who lived during the late Ming Dynasty. The British biochemist and historian Joseph Needham called him “The Diderot of China”. Song Yingxing was born in Fengxin county in Jiangxi province in 1587. He took part in the second highest imperial (科学) examinations in Beijing six times, but failed to become a jinshi. After that, he decided to give up taking exams and turned to the practical knowledge of natural science. Then Song Yingxing spent four years teaching his students in his hometown. Although it was a job like teaching, it was a very important stage in Song Yingxing’s life, because many of his works were written here. And Song Yingxing had been living in a secluded (隐居的) life in the past ten years. Because he didn’t want to be an official, Song Yingxing lived a very poor life in his later years. He was the author of Tian Gong Kai Wu, an encyclopedia that covered a wide variety of technical subjects. As Joseph Needham has observed, the vast amount of accurately drawn illustrations in this encyclopedia dwarfed the amount provided in previous Chinese encyclopedias, making it a valuable written work in the history of Chinese literature. Tian Gong Kai Wu records all aspects of technology up to the mid-Ming period. The book constitutes a complete system of science and technology, and provides a systematic summary of ancient Chinese technology, the experience accumulated by China in agriculture, and China’s achievements in technology. Many of the production techniques described in the book are still in use today. At the same time, Tian Gong Kai Wu broke from Chinese tradition by rarely referencing previous written work. It was instead written in a style strongly suggestive of personal experience. The book was translated into Japanese, French, English, German, Italian, and Russian, and was widely circulated in Europe and Japan. In addition, Song Yingxing had made great achievements in many fields. His research was very extensive. In physics, he studied the occurrence of sound and, finally concluded that sound is transmitted in the air. 4. What can we learn about Song Yingxing from the text? A. He adjusted the direction of life. B. He dreamed to be a great scientist. C. He received a science education. D. He passed imperial examinations. 5. Which of the following best describes Song’s teaching life? A. Busy but satisfactory. B. Significant and rewarding. C. Comfortable but worthless. D. Challenging and intolerant. 6. What’s the possible meaning of the underlined word “dwarfed”? A. Make something seem smaller. B. Apply something to practice. C. Provide evidence of something. D. Take advantage of something. 7. What is one of the features of Tian Gong Kai Wu? A. It provided abundant first-hand experience. B. It was written in multiple foreign languages. C. It focused merely on agricultural technology. D. It largely referenced previous encyclopedias. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. A 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了宋应星的生平、作品以及他在科技领域的贡献。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“He took part in the second highest imperial (科学) examinations in Beijing six times, but failed to become a jinshi. After that, he decided to give up taking exams and turned to the practical knowledge of natural science.(他参加了六次北京的科举考试，但没有成为进士。在那之后，他决定放弃考试，转而学习自然科学的实用知识)”可知，宋应星调整了生活的方向。故选A。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段的“Although it was a job like teaching, it was a very important stage in Song Yingxing’s life, because many of his works were written here.(虽然这是一份像教书一样的工作，但这是宋应星一生中非常重要的一个阶段，因为他的许多作品都是在这里完成的) ”可知，宋老师的教学生活有着重大意义的。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的“He was the author of Tian Gong Kai Wu, an encyclopedia that covered a wide variety of technical subjects. As Joseph Needham has observed, the vast amount of accurately drawn illustrations in this encyclopedia  dwarfed  the amount provided in previous Chinese encyclopedias, making it a valuable written work in the history of Chinese literature.  Tian Gong Kai Wu  records all aspects of technology up to the mid-Ming period. The book constitutes a complete system of science and technology, and provides a systematic summary of ancient Chinese technology, the experience accumulated by China in agriculture, and China’s achievements in technology.(他是《天工开悟》的作者，这是一部涵盖各种技术主题的百科全书。正如李约瑟所观察到的，这部百科全书中大量的精确绘制的插图使以前的中国百科全书所提供的数量……，使它成为中国文学史上有价值的书面作品。《天工开物》记载了明中期以前的科技的各个方面。这本书构成了一个完整的科学技术体系，系统地总结了中国古代的技术、中国在农业方面积累的经验和中国的技术成就。)”可知，《天工开物》比其他的书籍完美地记录了明中期以前的科技的各个方面，构成了一个完整的科学技术体系，因此以前的百科全文和它比较起来提供的信息量是较小的，则划线的单词意为 “使某物看起来小一些”。故选A。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“At the same time, Tian Gong Kai Wu broke from Chinese tradition by rarely referencing previous written work.(同时，《天工开物》打破了中国传统，很少参考前人的著作)”可知，天工开悟的特色之一它提供了丰富的第一手经验。故选A。 C A worldwide study published last month in the journal Nature Climate Change found global warming responsible for 37 percent of heat-related deaths between 1991 and 2018. As temperatures climb ever higher, that figure may well rise. The following is what happens if you’re one of the next people whom extreme heat kills, according to W. Lawrence Kenney, an expert at Penn State University. First, your brain sends a series of messages to your sweat glands (腺) telling them to increase sweat production. Then your heart starts beating faster to pump blood to the skin while blood flow is also directed away from some of your internal organs. That’s your body attempting to make your skin hotter than the air outside, in hopes of creating a convection (对流) phenomenon that moves heat away from you. Sometimes that alone is enough to create problems for a weak or aging heart. If heat attack occurs, your body might get so hot and shift so much oxygen-rich blood to the skin that it suffocates (窒息) those vital internal organs, which become oxygen-starved. Surviving the organ failure that follows might require an emergency transplant. If your body fails to cool you down, its internal temperature might start to climb to somewhere closer to 104 degrees and 105 degrees. “These are the situations where people die of classical heat attack,” Kenney said. At that temperature, the tissue s in the brain become affected. You may feel it start as a dull headache. Before long, you might not know where you are or what time it is. You might collapse. Left untreated, what follows is a series of organ failure that leads to all but certain death. We are learning more about how to avoid overheating. The most likely guarantee against dying of extreme heat is preventing the rise of global temperatures. However, achieving that goal requires rapidly and dramatically reducing fossil fuel use and finding ways to remove more carbon from the atmosphere than we release. Efforts so far have remained awfully insufficient. Global oil demand, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries predicted last month, will jump greatly. 8. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The function of sweat glands. B. The body’s heat-loss principle. C. The working principle of skin. D. The cause of an aging heart. 9. What directly claims people’s lives? A. Heat waves. B. Lack of oxygen. C. Dull headache. D. Organ failure. 10. How does the author feel about human’s current efforts to prevent global warming? A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Disappointed. D. Satisfied. 11. What is a suitable title for the text? A. How Heat Waves Destroy the Human Body B. Global Warming Leads to More Problems C. How Extreme Weather Affects Our Life D. Global Warming Attracts Public Attention 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了全球变暖使高温致死率上升，文章阐述极端高温下人体反应及致死过程，呼吁应对全球变暖。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“First, your brain sends a series of messages to your sweat glands (腺) telling them to increase sweat production. Then your heart starts beating faster to pump blood to the skin while blood flow is also directed away from some of your internal organs. That’s your body attempting to make your skin hotter than the air outside, in hopes of creating a convection (对流) phenomenon that moves heat away from you. (首先，你的大脑会向汗腺发送一系列信息，告诉它们增加汗液的分泌。然后你的心脏开始跳动得更快，将血液输送到皮肤，同时血液也从你的一些内脏器官流走。这是你的身体试图让你的皮肤比外面的空气更热，希望能产生一种对流现象，将热量从你身上带走。)”可知，该段主要讲述了身体的散热原理。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“If heat attack occurs, your body might get so hot and shift so much oxygen-rich blood to the skin that it suffocates (窒息) those vital internal organs, which become oxygen-starved. Surviving the organ failure that follows might require an emergency transplant.(如果发生中暑，你的身体可能会变得非常热，将大量富含氧气的血液转移到皮肤上，以至于使那些重要的内脏器官窒息，这些器官会缺氧。要在随后的器官衰竭中存活下来，可能需要紧急移植。)”以及第五段“If your body fails to cool you down, its internal temperature might start to climb to somewhere closer to 104 degrees and 105 degrees. “These are the situations where people die of classical heat attack,” Kenney said.(如果你的身体不能让你降温，它的内部温度可能会开始上升到接近 104 华氏度和105华氏度。“这些就是人们死于典型中暑的情况，”肯尼说。)”和第六段“Left untreated, what follows is a series of organ failure that leads to all but certain death.(如果不加以治疗，接下来就是一系列的器官衰竭，几乎肯定会导致死亡。)”可知，直接夺走人们生命的是器官衰竭。故选D项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“We are learning more about how to avoid overheating. The most likely guarantee against dying of extreme heat is preventing the rise of global temperatures. However, achieving that goal requires rapidly and dramatically reducing fossil fuel use and finding ways to remove more carbon from the atmosphere than we release. Efforts so far have remained awfully insufficient. Global oil demand, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries predicted last month, will jump greatly.(我们对如何避免过热了解得越来越多。防止死于极端高温最有可能的保证是防止全球气温上升。然而，要实现这一目标，需要迅速大幅减少化石燃料的使用，并找到从大气中清除比我们排放的更多碳的方法。到目前为止，这些努力仍然远远不够。石油输出国组织上个月预测，全球石油需求将大幅增长。)”可知，作者认为目前防止全球变暖的努力远远不够，并且全球石油需求还将大幅增长，由此可推断作者对人类目前防止全球变暖的努力感到失望。故选C项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“The following is what happens if you’re one of the next people whom extreme heat kills, according to W. Lawrence Kenney, an expert at Penn State University.(宾夕法尼亚州立大学的专家 W・劳伦斯・肯尼说，如果你是下一个被极端高温致死的人，以下就是会发生的情况。)”以及下文对中暑时身体各个阶段变化的描述可知，文章主要讲述了热浪是如何破坏人体的。所以A选项How Heat Waves Destroy the Human Body (热浪是如何破坏人体的)适合作为文章标题。故选A项。 D Let’s face it: we are influenced by AI algorithms (算法) when surfing the Internet on a daily basis. If you think about it, almost anything you can possibly click on over the Internet wants to influence you in some way. Even if it’s not an advertisement and the goal isn’t literally to sell you a product or service, it wants to influence you somehow, whether it’s getting you to think something, feel something, or do something. Behind every blogger, YouTube personality, and social media influencer, there are the companies that own the platforms these bloggers and influencers use: YouTube, Meta, TikTok, Instagram, and the rest. Generally speaking, the goal of these platforms is to keep users on them as often as possible for as long as possible and this increases the likelihood of those users clicking on targeted ads. These platforms use the users’ data to serve the content most likely to arouse their emotions and keep them engaged. The kind of content that’s effective at keeping people engaged often happens to be emotionally charged: sensational (轰动的), controversial, or misinformative. Unfortunately, due to its massive computing power, AI is very good at understanding your psychology (often better than you do) and, therefore, using content that is most likely to “push your buttons”. Obviously, AI itself has no emotions. It doesn’t “want” to influence you or to have power over you, but it does simply because, in the context of the Internet, that’s what it’s been programmed to do. The people who use AI as their tools are simply trying to accomplish the goal of any platform or company, which is to be profitable. In a previous post, I wrote about being data literate. Well, the first step towards protecting yourself against AI’s influence is to be conscious of the fact that we live in an attention economy in which much of the business occurs between companies that want your attention and the content platforms that provide it to them. 12. What message does the author try to convey about social media in paragraph 3? A. It is developing rapidly. B. It is trying to control us. C. It enjoys great popularity. D. It offers us a variety of choices. 13. What kind of content do the social media platforms favour most? A. The content that causes emotional reactions. B. The content that creates value for users. C. The content that spreads positive energy. D. The content that makes users feel satisfied. 14. Which of the following may be to blame according to the author? A. AI algorithms. B. Content creators. C. Social media users. D. Social media platforms. 15. What will the author probably talk about in the paragraph that follows? A. How social media platforms work. B. How AI algorithms are influencing us. C. Some measures to protect ourselves. D. Some negative effects of AI algorithms. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了我们必须面对这样一个事实：各大社交媒体平台正在利用人工智能算法来影响和控制我们，表面看它们是在吸引我们的注意力，其背后的真实目的自然是利益。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“Behind every blogger, YouTube personality, and social media influencer, there are the companies that own the platforms these bloggers and influencers use: YouTube, Meta, TikTok, Instagram, and the rest. Generally speaking, the goal of these platforms is to keep users on them as often as possible for as long as possible and this increases the likelihood of those users clicking on targeted ads.(在每个博主、YouTube名人和社交媒体影响者的背后，都有拥有这些博主和影响者使用的平台的公司：YouTube、Meta、TikTok、Instagram等。一般来说，这些平台的目标是让用户尽可能频繁地使用它们，从而增加这些用户点击目标广告的可能性)”可知，本段作者列举YouTube、Meta、TikTok、Instagram等这些社交媒体平台为例，主要说明它们在吸引我们的注意力，最终目的是增加我们点击广告的概率。由此可知，作者在本段想要传达的信息是社交媒体正试图控制我们。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The kind of content that’s effective at keeping people engaged often happens to be emotionally charged: sensational (轰动的), controversial，or misinformative.(那些能有效吸引人们的内容往往是充满情感的：轰动的、有争议的或错误的信息)”可知，社交媒体上最能有效吸引用户的内容是那些轰动的、有争议的或错误的信息，这些内容有一个共同点，那就是能激发或煽动网友们的各种情绪反应，故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Obviously, AI itself has no emotions. It doesn’t “want” to influence you or to have power over you, but it does simply because, in the context of the Internet, that’s what it’s been programmed to do. The people who use AI as their tools are simply trying to accomplish the goal of any platform or company, which is to be profitable.(显然，人工智能本身没有情感。它并不“想要”影响你或对你有权力，但它这样做只是因为，在互联网的背景下，这就是它被编程的目的。使用人工智能作为工具的人只是试图实现任何平台或公司的目标，即盈利)”可知，作者认为，人工智能本身没有情感，也无意影响我们或者调动我们的情绪，真正试图操控和影响我们的是社交媒体平台以及背后的公司，且第三段中“Behind every blogger, YouTube personality, and social media influencer, there are the companies that own the platforms these bloggers and influencers use: YouTube, Meta, TikTok, Instagram, and the rest.(在每个博主、YouTube名人和社交媒体影响者的背后，都有拥有这些博主和影响者使用的平台的公司：YouTube、Meta、TikTok、Instagram等)”也指出，社交媒体平台的上的内容生产者也是被平台操控的。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。最后一段中“Well, the first step towards protecting yourself against AI’s influence is to be conscious of the fact that we live in an attention economy in which much of the business occurs between companies that want your attention and the content platforms that provide it to them.(保护自己不受人工智能影响的第一步是要意识到这样一个事实，即我们生活在一个注意力经济中，在这个经济中，许多业务发生在想要你关注的公司和为他们提供关注的内容平台之间)”谈到如何保护自己不受人工智能影响。由此可推知，作者接下来可能会继续就如何进行自我保护给我们提出更多的建议和措施。故选C。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中逃出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Every time life knocks you down, just remember these actions to take, and you can heal and overcome the crisis quickly, returning to your life stronger and happier. Accept reality. Instead of avoiding life, take the change as a challenge. You will eventually either get what you want. You don’t necessarily need to be in a place where there is no challenge or hard work. ___16___ Once you manage to do that, you can handle anything that comes your way. ___17___ After darkness always comes light, and every sunrise reminds you of this, but sometimes you still forget this fact and choose to believe that the night will last forever. It won’t, because nothing lasts forever. Every moment is a second chance to start fresh, so take this moment and make the best of it. Push yourself to take another step whatever happens. Every mistake and loss contains within it the solution and the hidden lesson you need to discover and learn to function correctly the next time you face the same problem. Don’t let things outside your control interfere with the endless things within your control. ___18___ Be positive and don’t let negativity control you. You can either give in to negativity and let it take over your life, or you can be positive and focus on what truly matters. ___19___ Choose to be positive-about your situation, your opportunities, and what you can do to move forward. Find one small thing you. can appreciate. If you have many reasons to cry and complain but choose to smile and appreciate life instead, you’re on the right path. Being thankful for the "ordinary" things in your life may seem strange. ___20___ Think of all the beauty around you, notice it, and smile. A. Look forward to a fresh start. B. You need to embrace the changes and stay calm. C. Instead, use those things to drive yourself forward. D. Remind yourself that everything in life is temporary. E. In other words, don’t wait for a reason to be positive. F. Being positive in negative situations doesn’t mean being naive. G. But only when you truly appreciate them can you make them extraordinary. 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C 19. E 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了当生活遇到挫折时，应采取的积极行动，以快速恢复并克服危机，变得更强大、更快乐。 【16题详解】 由上文“Instead of avoiding life, take the change as a challenge. You will eventually either get what you want. You don’t necessarily need to be in a place where there is no challenge or hard work. (与其逃避生活，不如把变化当作挑战。你最终要么得到你想要的。你不必待在一个没有挑战或艰苦工作的地方。)”可知，本空应建议人们要接受生活中的变化，并勇敢面对挑战。B选项“You need to embrace the changes and stay calm. (你需要接受变化并保持冷静。)”是对上文内容的进一步阐释，强调了接受变化并保持冷静的重要性，符合语境。故选B。 【17题详解】 由下文“After darkness always comes light, and every sunrise reminds you of this, but sometimes you still forget this fact and choose to believe that the night will last forever. It won’t, because nothing lasts forever. (黑暗之后总会迎来光明，每一次日出都会提醒你这一点，但有时你仍然会忘记这个事实，选择相信黑夜将永远持续下去。不会的，因为没有什么是永恒的。)”可知，本空应强调生活中的困难都是暂时的，光明总会到来。D选项“Remind yourself that everything in life is temporary. (提醒自己生活中的一切都是暂时的。)”强调了生活中一切都是暂时的这一观点，能引出下文，符合语境。故选D。 【18题详解】 由上文“Don’t let things outside your control interfere with the endless things within your control.(不要让你无法控制的事情干扰到你能够控制的事情。)”可知，本空应建议人们不要让外界因素干扰到自己，而是要利用这些因素来推动自己前进。C选项“Instead, use those things to drive yourself forward. (相反，利用这些事情来推动自己前进。)”是对上文内容的进一步阐释，强调了利用外界因素来推动自己前进的重要性，符合语境。故选C。 【19题详解】 由上文“You can either give in to negativity and let it take over your life, or you can be positive and focus on what truly matters. (你可以屈服于消极情绪，让它占据你的生活，或者你可以保持积极，专注于真正重要的事情。)”以及下文“Choose to be positive-about your situation, your opportunities, and what you can do to move forward. (选择对你的处境、你的机会以及你能做什么来前进保持积极。)”可知，本空应建议人们要保持积极，不要等待一个积极的理由，而是要主动选择积极。E选项“In other words, don’t wait for a reason to be positive. (换句话说，不要等待一个积极的理由。)”起到了承上启下的作用，强调了不要等待理由，而是要主动选择积极，符合语境。故选E。 【20题详解】 由上文“If you have many reasons to cry and complain but choose to smile and appreciate life instead, you’re on the right path. Being thankful for the "ordinary" things in your life may seem strange. (如果你有很多理由哭泣和抱怨，但却选择微笑并感激生活，那么你就走在了正确的道路上。感激生活中的“平凡”事物可能看起来很奇怪。)”可知，此处是在告诉人们感激生活中的平凡事物，并把它们变得不平凡。G选项“But only when you truly appreciate them can you make them extraordinary. (但只有当你真正感激它们时，你才能让它们变得不平凡。)”是对上文内容的进一步阐释，强调了真正感激平凡事物的重要性，以及这样做能带来的不平凡结果，符合语境。故选G。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My mom enjoyed inviting people for Thanksgiving. After my family moved far away from all our ____21____, Mom started filling the house with ____22____ guests—whoever had nowhere else to go for Thanksgiving. I missed our big family gatherings before moving here, but Mom had a(n) ____23____ heart. This year, when Mom showed me her guest list, almost half the size of our small town’s ____24____, I was annoyed. Our first guests arrived: three foreign exchange students. Mom’s original plan was to ____25____ one. But she was told those unable to go home sometimes ____26____ in tears, so here came three. The next guests ____27____ through the door, a single mom and her six kids. With more guests, the volume and the temperature in the house instantly ____28____. Luckily, dinner was ready before the house or I ____29____. However, seeing my name card placed among the six kids, I murmured angrily, “How would I get such an _____30_____ seat?” After dinner, Mom suggested sharing something we were thankful for—another annual _____31_____ at our house. “I’m so _____32_____ to your family for opening up home to us.” The single mom spoke with watery eyes. Then one student expressed how much it _____33_____ to be with a family on Thanksgiving. Suddenly something _____34_____ me: the essence of generosity and inclusion. Thanksgiving is about more than family—it’s about a shared _____35_____ full of kindness. 21. A. colleagues B. relatives C. neighbours D. strangers 22. A. close B. random C. specific D. favorite 23. A. generous B. energetic C. curious D. powerful 24. A. applicants B. beggars C. population D. volunteers 25 A. shelter B. award C. repay D. host 26. A. set out B. took over C. broke down D. showed up 27. A. burst B. dropped C. pulled D. fell 28. A. recovered B. declined C. rose D. stretched 29. A. exploded B. suffered C. slid D. withdrew 30. A. impressive B. unlucky C. unusual D. awesome 31. A. contest B. opportunity C. anticipation D. tradition 32. A. grateful B. sympathetic C. familiar D. addicted 33. A. cost B. worked C. remained D. meant 34. A. inspired B. convinced C. struck D. drilled 35. A. welfare B. community C. friendship D. future 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者的妈妈一直致力于邀请陌生人来家里过感恩节，作者一开始并不理解，最后终于意识到了感恩节的包容与共享的内涵。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈喜欢邀请别人来过感恩节。在我的家人远离所有亲戚之后，妈妈开始随意邀请别人来家里过节——主要是那些没有地方去过感恩节的人。A. colleagues同事；B. relatives亲戚；C. neighbours邻居；D. strangers陌生人。根据前文“my family moved far away from all our”可知，作者一家搬离了所有的亲戚。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈喜欢邀请别人来过感恩节。在我的家人远离所有亲戚之后，妈妈开始随意邀请别人来家里过节——主要是那些没有地方去过感恩节的人。A. close靠近的；B. random随意的；C. specific具体的；D. favorite最喜欢的。根据后文“whoever had nowhere else to go for Thanksgiving”可知，只要是没有地方过感恩节的人，妈妈都会邀请到家里来，非常随意。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在搬来这里之前，我很想念我们的家庭聚会，但妈妈有一颗慷慨的心。A. generous大方的，宽宏大量的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. curious好奇的；D. powerful强大的。根据前文“Mom started filling the house with ____2____ guests-whoever had nowhere else to go for Thanksgiving.”及后文“almost half the size of our small town’s ____4____”可知，作者的母亲非常乐意邀请别人来过感恩节，尤其是没有地方去过感恩节的人，说明她有一颗慷慨的心。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：今年，当妈妈给我看她的客人名单时，几乎是我们小镇人口的一半，我很生气。A. applicants申请人；B. beggars乞丐；C. population人口；D. volunteers志愿者。根据前文“Mom showed me her guest list, almost half the size of our small town’s”可知，妈妈邀请人数很多，几乎是小镇人口的一半。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈最初的计划是招待一位交换生。A. shelter提供庇护；B. award授予；C. repay回报；D. host招待。根据前文“My mom enjoyed inviting people for Thanksgiving”可知，妈妈喜欢邀请人们来过感恩节，本来计划招待一位学生，结果来了三位。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但有人告诉她，那些无法回家的人有时会崩溃痛哭，所以就来了三个。A. set out出发；B. took over接管；C. broke down情绪崩溃；D. showed up露面。根据后文“in tears”可知，那些无法回家的人有时会情绪崩溃而痛哭。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：下一个客人冲进门来，是一位单身母亲和她的六个孩子。A. burst冲，闯；B. dropped丢，投；C. pulled拉，拽；D. fell落下。根据后文“through the door, a single mom and her six kids”可知，一位单身母亲和她的六个孩子冲进了家门。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着客人的增多，房间里的音量和温度立即升高。A. recovered恢复；B. declined下降；C. rose上升；D. stretched伸展。根据前文“With more guests, the volume and the temperature”可知，客人的增多导致了房间里的音量和温度升高。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，晚饭是在屋前准备的，否则我情绪就爆发了。A. exploded爆炸，爆发；B. suffered遭受；C. slid滑落；D. withdrew撤退。根据前文“With more guests, the volume and the temperature in the house instantly ____8___”及后文“I murmured angrily”可知，对于这么多人的到来，作者并不开心，处在情绪爆发的边缘。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我怎么会坐到这么倒霉的位子呢？A. impressive令人印象深刻的；B. unlucky不幸的；C. unusual不同寻常的；D. awesome令人惊叹的。根据前文“seeing my name card placed among the six kids, I murmured angrily”可知，作者认为自己的位置很糟糕。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：晚饭后，妈妈建议分享一些让我们感激的东西——这是我们家的另一个年度传统。A. contest比赛；B. opportunity机会；C. anticipation预期；D. tradition传统。根据前文“sharing something we were thankful for”可知，除了邀请陌生人来过感恩节，作者家的另一个传统是分享一些感激的东西。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激你的家人为我们敞开了家门。A. grateful感激的；B. sympathetic同情的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. addicted上瘾的。根据前文“Mom suggested sharing something we were thankful for”及后文“for opening up home to us”可知，带孩子的女士感激作者一家邀请他们。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后一个学生表达了和一个家庭一起过感恩节的意义。A. cost花费；B. worked工作；C. remained保持；D. meant意味着。根据后文“be with a family on Thanksgiving”可知，一个学生表达了和作者一家一起过感恩节对他来说意义重大。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，一些东西打动了我：慷慨和包容的本质。A. inspired鼓励；B. convinced使相信；C. struck引起（强烈感情），打动；D. drilled训练。根据后文“the essence of generosity and inclusion”可知，陌生人的话使作者意识到了慷慨和包容的意义。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：感恩节不仅仅是关于家庭——它是关于一个充满善意的共享社会。A. welfare福利；B. community社区，社会；C. friendship友谊；D. future未来。根据前文“Thanksgiving is about more than family”及后文“shared”可知，感恩节不仅仅是一个家庭的事，更重要的是要建立一个充满善意的共享的社会。故选B项。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO联合国教科文组织) on Wednesday _____36_____ (official) announced the recognition of the Spring Festival, social practices of the Chinese people in celebration of the traditional new year, as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (人类非物质文化遗产) . The Spring Festival, also _____37_____ (know) as Chinese New Year, marks the first day of the lunar calendar. It involves enormous traditional knowledge and _____38_____ (feature) public events organized by communities. It is deeply rooted in Chinese tradition, representing one of _____39_____ most significant cultural celebrations in Chinese society. UNESCO noted that the traditional knowledge and customs _____40_____ (pass) down through families, communities, and the education system. The festival is not only a celebration but also a symbol of the harmony between humans and nature, ______41______ provides a sense of cultural identity. It contributes to sustainable _______42_______ (develop) in areas such as food security and education. In addition, it also plays a key role ____43____ raising environmental awareness. Rao Quan, China’s vice minister of Culture and Tourism, expressed gratitude for the recognition. He stressed that the Spring Festival is China’s most important traditional holiday, ____44____ (symbolize) the Chinese people’s hopes for a better life. And the Spring Festival is also the most important time for whole families _____45_____ (get) together. With this addition, China now has 44 items on the intangible cultural heritage list of the UNESCO, continuing to be the most enlisted country in the world. 【答案】36. officially 37. known 38. features 39. the 40. are passed 41. which 42. development 43. in 44. symbolizing 45. to get 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章主要讲述了联合国教科文组织周三正式宣布将中国人庆祝传统新年的春节及其相关社会实践认定为人类非物质文化遗产，并介绍了春节的意义、传承方式以及在中国和世界文化遗产方面的相关情况。 【36题详解】 考查副词。句意：联合国教科文组织周三正式宣布将中国人庆祝传统新年的春节及其相关社会实践认定为人类非物质文化遗产。这里需要一个副词来修饰动词“announced”，“official”的副词形式是“officially”，表示“正式地”，故填officially。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：春节，也被称为中国新年，标志着农历的第一天。空白处在句子中作定语，因与其逻辑主语The Spring Festival之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词，故填known。 【38题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：它包含了大量的传统知识，并以社区组织的公共活动为特色。空白处在句子中谓语，主语It指代The Spring Festival，为第三人称单数，且句子描述的是客观事实，要用一般现在时，所以feature要用第三人称单数形式features，故填features。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：它深深植根于中国传统，是中国社会最重要的文化庆典之一。“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”是固定短语，表示“最……的……之一”，“most significant”是最高级形式，所以前面要加定冠词the，故填the。 【40题详解】 考查时态和被动语态。句意：联合国教科文组织指出，传统知识和习俗是通过家庭、社区和教育系统传承下来的。“the traditional knowledge and customs”与“pass”之间是被动关系，因句子描述的是客观事实，要用一般现在时的被动语态，主语“the traditional knowledge and customs”是复数，所以be动词用are，故填are passed。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这个节日不仅是一种庆祝活动，也是人与自然和谐象征，它提供了一种文化认同感。此处是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是The festival，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，所以用关系代词 which引导该从句，故填which。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：它有助于在粮食安全和教育等领域的可持续发展。空白处在句子中作宾语，使用名词，故填development。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：此外，它在提高环境意识方面也起着关键作用。“play a role in...” 是固定短语，意为“在……中起作用”，所以这里应填介词in，故填in。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他强调，春节是中国最重要的传统节日，象征着中国人民对美好生活的向往。空白处在句子中做状语，且与其逻辑主语symbolize之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词，故填symbolizing。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：春节也是全家人团聚的最重要时刻。空白处在句子中作定语，且表示的是一个指向将来的不确定的动作，所以这里要用动词不定式，故填to get。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你从网上得知联合国教科文组织（UNESCO）将在你的家乡举办“一带一路”（the Belt and Road Initial）茶文化交流活动。请你写一封英文信申请做志愿者。内容包括： 1. 写信目的； 2. 对活动的认识； 3. 个人优势。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir or Madam, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to apply as a volunteer for “the Belt and Road Initial” Tea Culture Exchange event to be organized by UNESCO in my hometown. According to me, this event presents a unique opportunity to promote cultural exchange and understanding. It will serve as a platform for showcasing the rich and diverse tea cultures of different countries, fostering mutual respect and appreciation among participants. I have a good understanding of the importance of tea culture and its significance in the history and traditions of our region. It has been several years since I was fascinated by the art of tea making and brewing. Moreover, my excellent communication skills and ability to work well with others will make me a valuable addition to the volunteer team. Looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生以李华的身份，写一封英文信申请做“一带一路”茶文化交流活动的志愿者，需表述写信的目的，谈论自己对活动本身的认识，并介绍个人的优势。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 机会：opportunity→chance 展示：showcase→display, exhibit 丰富的：rich→abundant, plentiful 培养：foster→develop, nurture 迷住：fascinate→attract captivate 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：According to me, this event presents a unique opportunity to promote cultural exchange and understanding. 拓展句：I believe that this event presents a unique opportunity to promote cultural exchange and understanding. 【点睛】[高分句型1] It will serve as a platform for showcasing the rich and diverse tea cultures of different countries, fostering mutual respect and appreciation among participants. (运用了现在分词短语fostering…作状语) [高分句型2] It has been several years since I was fascinated by the art of tea making and brewing. (运用了since引导时间状语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was invited to a cookout on an old friend’s farm in western Washington. I parked my car outside the farm and walked past a milking house which had apparently not been used in many years. A noise at a window caught my attention, so I entered it. It was a hummingbird (蜂鸟), desperately trying to escape. She was covered in spider-webs (蛛网) and was barely able to move her wings. She ceased her struggle the instant I picked her up. With the bird in my cupped hand, I looked around to see how she had gotten in. The broken window glass was the likely answer. I stuffed a piece of cloth into the hole and took her outside, closing the door securely behind me. When I opened my hand, the bird did not fly away; she sat looking at me with her bright eyes. I removed the sticky spider-webs that covered her head and wings. Still, she made no attempt to fly. Perhaps she had been struggling against the window too long and was too tired? Or too thirsty? As I carried her up the blackberry-lined path toward my car where I kept a water bottle, she began to move. I stopped, and she soon took wing but did not immediately fly away. Hovering (悬停), she approached within six inches of my face. For a very long moment, this tiny creature looked into my eyes, turning her head from side to side. Then she flew quickly out of sight. During the cookout, I told my hosts about the hummingbird incident. They promised to fix the window. As I was departing, my friends walked me to my car. I was standing by the car when a hummingbird flew to the center of our group and began hovering. She turned from person to person until she came to me. She again looked directly into my eyes, then let out a squeaking call and was gone. For a moment, all were speechless. Then someone said, “She must have come to say goodbye.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 A few weeks later, I went to the farm again. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I was just about to leave when the hummingbird appeared. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 A few weeks later, I went to the farm again. As my car neared it my thoughts drifted back to the moment when I rescued the hummingbird from the spider’s web. I rushed back to the deserted house. It was a great comfort that the original hole in the window was nowhere to be found. Leaving the house, I couldn’t help wondering how it was getting on now. Had it managed to find its way back home, or was it still out there somewhere struggling to survive? I was just about to leave when the hummingbird appeared. A flash of movement caught my attention. I turned around to see the same hummingbird hovering in the air. It seemed that the bird was waiting for me, its beady eyes locked on mine as if trying to convey some deep, unspoken gratitude. I felt a surge of relief and awe at the sight of this sound and grateful creature, and I knew that I would always cherish the memories we shared as I climbed into my car and drove away. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者被邀请去一个农场野餐，发现一个房子里有只蜂鸟被蜘蛛网困住了，作者把蜂鸟救了，把蜂鸟带出去的时候它迟迟不肯走，当作者走到一条布满黑莓的小路时，它开始动了，但是却不肯飞走，徘徊着，后来终于飞走了，当作者准备离开时，蜂鸟又飞到作者面前，好像是在和作者告别。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“几个星期后，我又去了农场。”可知，第一段可描写作者回到农场时所看到的和所想到的。 ②由第二段首句内容“我正要离开，这时蜂鸟出现了。”可知，第二段可描写蜂鸟是如何对作者的以及作者的感想。 2.续写线索：想起救蜂鸟的时候——回到那个房子——想到那只蜂鸟——看见蜂鸟——蜂鸟的表现——作者的感想 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①思绪回到……：thoughts drift back to/thoughts return to ②匆匆回到：rush back to/hurry back to ③盯着：eyes locked on/eyes staring at 情绪类 ①宽慰：feel a surge of relief/feel relieved ②感激：grateful/thankful 【点睛】[高分句型1] As my car neared it my thoughts drifted back to the moment when I rescued the hummingbird from the spider’s web. (由as引导的时间状语从句和when引导的限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] It was a great comfort that the original hole in the window was nowhere to be found. (由that引导的主语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$