Unit 2 Success（重难词汇精练）英语北师大版选择性必修第一册

**基本信息** 聚焦“Success”主题词汇，构建从基础形态到语篇应用的渐进式训练体系，强化语言能力与学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词性转换|30组|考查构词法（名/动/形/副转换）|从词汇基础形态切入，建立词形变化逻辑链| |核心短语|15个|固定搭配与语境含义|衔接词形与语义，强化短语应用场景| |重点单词|20个|词义理解与辨析|夯实主题词汇库，为综合应用奠基| |单句语法填空|30题|词汇在语法结构中的变形|实现词形知识向单句语法应用转化| |单词拼写|10题|词汇记忆准确性|巩固词汇拼写，强化语言输出基础| |完成句子|10题|词汇在语境中的灵活运用|连接单句与语篇，提升语义表达能力| |语篇语法填空|2篇|篇章中词汇与语法综合应用|从单句到语篇，构建词汇运用的语境逻辑| |应用文写作|1篇|主题词汇在演讲中的表达|实现词汇知识向实际交际能力迁移|

Unit 2 Success重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、词性转换 1 二、核心短语 1 三、重点单词 2 四、单句语法填空 2 五、单词拼写 6 六、完成句子 7 02 词汇语境练 9 一、语法填空 9 二、应用文写作 11 题型一、词性转换 1.comfortably adv.舒服地，舒适地→ adj.舒服的，舒适的→ n.舒适；安慰v.使舒适；安慰 2.appreciate vt.欣赏；赏识→ n.欣赏；感激→ adj.欣赏的；感激的 3.hunger n.饥饿，饥荒→ adj.饥饿的 4.guilty adj.内疚的，羞愧的→ n.内疚；悔恨；犯罪 5.fortune n.大笔的钱，巨款→ adj.幸运的→ adv.幸运地 6.persistent adj.坚持的；执意的→ v.顽强地坚持；执着地做 7.determined adj.坚定的，坚决的→ vt.决定；确定；下定决心 → n.决心；决定 8.optimistic adj.乐观的，乐观主义的→ n.乐观；乐观主义→ n.乐观主义者 9.disciplined adj.遵守纪律的→ n.训练；训导；纪律 10.committed adj.坚定的；尽心尽力的→ n.投入，忠诚，奉献；承诺 → v.做出(错或非法的事)；犯(罪或错等) 11.enthusiastic adj.热心的，热衷的→ n.热情；热心 12.ambitious adj.有抱负的，有雄心的→ n.野心；雄心；志向 13.appreciative adj.感激的→ vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到→ n.感激；感谢 14.injury n.伤，损害→ v.伤，损害→ adj.受伤的 15.cooperation n.合作，协作→ v.合作，协作 16.employee n.雇员→ vt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等)→ n.雇主 → n.雇用；使用；就业→ n.失业；失业率 17.influential adj.有影响力的→ n.影响 18.devote v.把……献给；专心致力于→ n.投入；热爱→ adj.献身的；忠诚的 19.production n.生产；产量→ v.生产→ n.产品；产物 20.minimum n.最少量；最小数；最低限度→ n.最多量；最大数 21.publisher n.出版商→ v.出版 22.reject vt.拒绝接受→ n.拒绝 23.motivating adj.起激励作用的；激发(人)的→ v.成为……的动机；激励；激发 → n.动机，目的 24.limit vt.& n.限制，限定→ adj.有限的→ n.范围；限制 25.distraction n.使人分心的事物→ v.转移(注意力)；分散(思想)；使分心 26.convince vt.使确信；使信服→ adj.令人信服的→ adj.坚信不移的 27.defensive adj.戒备的，自卫的→ vt.防御；保卫 28.countless adj.无数的，数不尽的→ v.数 29.length n.长度→ adj.长的 30.injured adj.受伤的→ vt.损害；伤害→ n.伤害；损害 题型二、核心短语 1. 发迹；出人头地 2. 退出，脱离；辍学 3. 赠送；捐赠；泄露 4. 凭空想出 5. 厌烦 6. 被认为是 7. 背弃；抛弃 8. 死于…… 9. 有意义；解释得通 10. 致力于 11. 使某人想起 12. 承诺；全身心投入…… 13. 提出 14. 相信 15. 对……充满激情 题型三、重点单词 1.millionaire n. 2.professor n. 3.symbol n. 4.ultimate adj. 5.dormitory/dorm n. 6.furniture n. 7.astronaut n.　 8.career n. 9.championship n. 10.contract n. 11.extreme n.　 12.strive vi. 13.entry n. 14.academic adj. 15.ruin vt. 16.skip vt. 17.element n. 18.sacrifice n. 19.hire vt. 20.boil vi.&v. 题型四、单句语法填空 1．I am looking forward to (receive) your reply soon. 2．As a result, she says, some of the (injure) associated with running are uncommon among race walkers. 3．We should control the (long) of our speech to make it clear and effective. 4．The organization gives help to people in need, as well as (raise) money for local charities. 5．Bike sharing is booming in our country, which leads to us (get) around easier than before. 6．The (advance) equipment greatly improves our work efficiency. 7．She’s a (recognize) authority on the subject. 8． (accustom) to speaking in public is what the position of Sales Director is required. 9．Foshan launched an award ceremony to honour local (influence) experts as “Foshan Craftsman”. 10．She had to choose between giving up her job or (hire) a babysitter. 11．They made a (commit) to each other at their wedding ceremony. 12．There are (count) kind-hearted people from all over the country donating money and materials to help people in the earthquake-hit areas rebuild their homes. 13． (surround) by strangers made him embarrassed. 14．The (enter) to the hall is beautifully decorated, which attracts many people. 15．The (promote) he had been promised failed to materialize. 16．Though the task is tough, his (ambition) dream drives him to keep moving forward. 17．I am looking forward to (give) the opportunity to participate in the activity. 18．In class, (discuss) actively with your partners will help you think differently. 19．The desire to be the best player was a (motivate) factor to help him rise to the fame. 20．My brother enjoys (play) chess because it can improve his concentration. 21．One develops a reading habit by reading 20 minutes every day and never (skip) it. 22．The teacher advised (finish) the project within this week. 23．They are (determine) to resist pressure to change the law. 24．The oldest zoo in China is Beijing Zoo, which (found) in 1906. 25．Starting conversations with strangers is still well worth the risk of (reject). 26． (hire) a car, you must show your passport and current driving licence. 27．You can’t imagine what difficulty we had (walk) through the unknown area without a guide. 28．The boy’s mother regrets   (push) him too hard. 29．After (reach) your destination, you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city.（所给词的适当形式） 30．My dream is to become a famous (design) in the future. 题型五、单词拼写 31．we need to buy some new ________ (家具). 32．She was more interested in ________ (发表) medical research on care for women and children. 33．He _____________(晕倒)in the street and died on the way to hospital. 34．Dr. Lin greatly impressed her American colleagues, who invited her to stay, but she _________ (拒绝接受，不录用) the offer. 35．Her ________ (投入，忠诚，奉献，承诺) to public service wins people’s respect. 36．He felt deeply ________ (内疚的；愧疚的) that he had failed to keep his promise to his closest friend. 37．________ (翻译) a poem from Chinese to English is very difficult because of cultural differences. 38．The sudden ________ (倒塌) of the bridge trapped several vehicles under tons of concrete and steel, requiring heavy equipment to rescue them. 39．After the building collapsed, rescue teams searched through the ________ (废墟) for any signs of life, working around the clock without rest. 40．Every weekend, I spend two hours ________ (复习) what we have learned during the past five days. 题型六、完成句子 41．你的解释讲不通，请再告诉我真相。 Your explanation doesn’t ______ ______; please tell me the truth again. 42．一开始，他在学英语方面有很大困难。 In the beginning, he _________ _________ _________ _________English. 43．J.D．Salinger started ________ short stories, but he ________ to get his works ________. J.D．塞林格从高中时就开始写短篇小说了，但之后他的作品却难以发表。 44．在公园锻炼而不是去健身房，是个性价比高的选择。 ________ ________ in the park instead of the gym is a cost-effective choice. 45．我有点担心在高级课程里跟不上其他同学。 I’m a bit worried about ________ ________ ________ the other students in my advanced course. 46．他在面试中的表现成功地给老板留下了好印象。 His performance in the interview succeeded in ________ ________ ________ ________on the boss. 47．________________ was a great way to meet British students and make friends with them. 加入俱乐部是结识英国学生并与他们交朋友的好方法。 48．People ________________________ in different ways. 人们采用不同的方式纪念并缅怀这位伟人。 49．I ________________________ not having written to you for so long. 这么长时间没给你写信了，我感到十分内疚。 50．他不想去购物，而是玩电子游戏。 He does not want to go shopping, _________________ 题型一、语篇语法填空 （25-26高二下·浙江杭州·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 In a small village, there was a big willow tree (柳树). Unlike the strong oak trees (橡树) 1 stood straight, the willow was very 2 (flex). Its long branches moved gently in the wind. During storms, it bowed low to the ground but never broke. One afternoon, a young carpenter 3 (name) Thomas walked by the tree. He was unhappy because his wooden table had broken. He had used very hard wood, thinking that strength was the only important thing. 4 he saw the willow, he laughed. “You are too weak,” he said. “You bend for every wind. You have no pride.” An old man sitting under the tree heard Thomas. He smiled and picked up 5 dry stick. “Break this,” he said to the young man. Thomas broke it 6 (easy). “Now,” the old man said, 7 (point) to a thick oak branch, “try to bend that.” Thomas tried very hard, but the oak branch was too stiff. “Being hard is not always being strong,” the old man explained. “The oak fights the wind, and finally, it breaks. The willow gives in, and it lives. To be truly strong, you must know when to bend.” Thomas looked at the willow again with respect. He understood that he needed to learn how 8 (adapt) in his work and life. He realized that true strength comes from the ability to change. From that day 9 , Thomas changed his mind. He became not only a better carpenter 10 a wiser man. （25-26高二下·贵州遵义·阶段检测）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The road 1 success is never smooth. Behind every achievement lies countless failures that most people never see. Take Thomas Edison, 2 is famous for inventing the light bulb. He made over 1,000 unsuccessful attempts before finally 3 (create) a working bulb. When asked about his failures, Edison replied, “I have not failed. I’ve just found 10,000 ways that won’t work.” This mindset is what 4 (separate) successful people from others. Success is not measured by how many times you fall, 5 by how many times you get back up. J.K. Rowling, before publishing her first Harry Potter book, 6 (reject) by 12 publishers. She wrote in cafes while living on welfare, never giving up on her dream. Her persistence eventually paid off, making her one of the 7 (successful) authors in history. The challenges we face today become the strength we have tomorrow. If you want 8 (achieve) something meaningful, prepare to fail, but more importantly, prepare to persist. Success doesn’t happen overnight; it’s built day by day through small 9 (improve). Remember, every expert was once a beginner, and every success was once 10 failure. The only difference is that they refused to quit. 题型二、应用文写作 （25-26高二下·广东汕尾·期中）假定你是李华，你班将举办以“The Power of Perseverance（毅力的力量）”为主题的英语演讲比赛，请你写一篇演讲稿，面向全班同学进行演讲。内容包括： （1）说明毅力的重要性； （2）结合实例谈谈你的理解与感悟。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear fellow students, I’m Li Hua. It is my great honor to talk about “The Power of Perseverance”. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for your listening! 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Success重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、词性转换 1 二、核心短语 1 三、重点单词 2 四、单句语法填空 2 五、单词拼写 6 六、完成句子 7 02 词汇语境练 9 一、语法填空 9 二、应用文写作 11 题型一、词性转换 1.comfortably adv.舒服地，舒适地→comfortable adj.舒服的，舒适的→comfort n.舒适；安慰v.使舒适；安慰 2.appreciate vt.欣赏；赏识→appreciation n.欣赏；感激→appreciative adj.欣赏的；感激的 3.hunger n.饥饿，饥荒→hungry adj.饥饿的 4.guilty adj.内疚的，羞愧的→guilt n.内疚；悔恨；犯罪 5.fortune n.大笔的钱，巨款→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地 6.persistent adj.坚持的；执意的→persist v.顽强地坚持；执着地做 7.determined adj.坚定的，坚决的→determine vt.决定；确定；下定决心→determination n.决心；决定 8.optimistic adj.乐观的，乐观主义的→optimism n.乐观；乐观主义→optimist n.乐观主义者 9.disciplined adj.遵守纪律的→discipline n.训练；训导；纪律 10.committed adj.坚定的；尽心尽力的→commitment n.投入，忠诚，奉献；承诺→commit v.做出(错或非法的事)；犯(罪或错等) 11.enthusiastic adj.热心的，热衷的→enthusiasm n.热情；热心 12.ambitious adj.有抱负的，有雄心的→ambition n.野心；雄心；志向 13.appreciative adj.感激的→appreciate vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到→appreciation n.感激；感谢 14.injury n.伤，损害→injure v.伤，损害→injured adj.受伤的 15.cooperation n.合作，协作→cooperate v.合作，协作 16.employee n.雇员→employ vt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等)→employer n.雇主→employment n.雇用；使用；就业→unemployment n.失业；失业率 17.influential adj.有影响力的→influence n.影响 18.devote v.把……献给；专心致力于→devotion n.投入；热爱→devoted adj.献身的；忠诚的 19.production n.生产；产量→produce v.生产→product n.产品；产物 20.minimum n.最少量；最小数；最低限度→maximum n.最多量；最大数 21.publisher n.出版商→publish v.出版 22.reject vt.拒绝接受→rejection n.拒绝 23.motivating adj.起激励作用的；激发(人)的→motivate v.成为……的动机；激励；激发→motivation n.动机，目的 24.limit vt.& n.限制，限定→limited adj.有限的→limitation n.范围；限制 25.distraction n.使人分心的事物→distract v.转移(注意力)；分散(思想)；使分心 26.convince vt.使确信；使信服→convincing adj.令人信服的→convinced adj.坚信不移的 27.defensive adj.戒备的，自卫的→defend vt.防御；保卫 28.countless adj.无数的，数不尽的→count v.数 29.length n.长度→long adj.长的 30.injured adj.受伤的→injure vt.损害；伤害→injury n.伤害；损害 题型二、核心短语 1.get on　发迹；出人头地 2.drop out 退出，脱离；辍学 3.give away 赠送；捐赠；泄露 4.dream up 凭空想出 5.be tired of 厌烦 6.be regarded as 被认为是 7.turn one’s back on/upon 背弃；抛弃 8.die of 死于…… 9.make sense　有意义；解释得通 10.devote...to 致力于 11.remind sb of 使某人想起 12.be committed to (doing)... 承诺；全身心投入…… 13.come up with 提出 14.believe in 相信 15.be passionate about 对……充满激情 题型三、重点单词 1.millionaire n.　百万富翁 2.professor n. 教授 3.symbol n. 象征，标志 4.ultimate adj. 最后的，最终的 5.dormitory/dorm n. 寝室，学生宿舍 6.furniture n. 家具 7.astronaut n.　宇航员 8.career n. 职业，事业 9.championship n. 冠军称号，冠军地位 10.contract n. 合同；契约 11.extreme n.　　极端 12.strive vi. 努力；奋斗 13.entry n. 条目 14.academic adj. 学术的 15.ruin vt. 糟蹋；毁坏 16.skip vt. 不做(本来应做的事)；蹦跳着走 17.element n. 基本部分；要素 18.sacrifice n. 牺牲 19.hire vt. 租用 20.boil vi.&v. (使)沸腾，煮沸 题型四、单句语法填空 1．I am looking forward to (receive) your reply soon. 【答案】receiving 【详解】句意：我期待很快收到你的回复。固定短语look forward to中to是介词，后面需要接动名词作宾语，receive的动名词形式为receiving。 2．As a result, she says, some of the (injure) associated with running are uncommon among race walkers. 【答案】injuries 【详解】句意：她说，因此，一些跑步相关的损伤在竞走运动员身上并不常见。injure是动词，意为“使受伤，伤害”。空格前有some of the，故空处需填名词作宾语，injury是可数名词，表示“（身体上的）损伤、伤痛” ，被some of修饰应用复数形式。 3．We should control the (long) of our speech to make it clear and effective. 【答案】length 【详解】句意：我们应该控制演讲的长度，使其清晰有效。空处位于定冠词the之后，应用名词形式作control的宾语，long的名词形式为length，意为“长度”，为不可数名词。 4．The organization gives help to people in need, as well as (raise) money for local charities. 【答案】raising 【详解】句意：该机构为有需要的人提供帮助，同时也为当地慈善机构筹款。 介词短语as well as后接动名词形式，raise的动名词为raising，符合语境。 5．Bike sharing is booming in our country, which leads to us (get) around easier than before. 【答案】getting 【详解】句意：共享单车在我国蓬勃发展，这使得我们出行比以前更方便了。固定搭配“lead to(导致，造成)”中的“to”为介词，后接名词或动名词作宾语；“us”为动名词的逻辑主语，构成动名词的复合结构。 6．The (advance) equipment greatly improves our work efficiency. 【答案】advanced 【详解】句意：先进的设备极大提升了我们的工作效率。空处修饰名词equipment，用形容词advanced意为“先进的”作定语。 7．She’s a (recognize) authority on the subject. 【答案】recognized 【详解】句意：她是该学科公认的权威人士。本空修饰名词authority，作定语，用形容词recognized“公认的”。 8． (accustom) to speaking in public is what the position of Sales Director is required. 【答案】Being accustomed 【详解】句意：习惯在公共场所讲话是销售总监这个职位所要求的。be accustomed to意为“习惯于”，在句中作主语，用动名词形式being accustomed，句首单词首字母大写。 9．Foshan launched an award ceremony to honour local (influence) experts as “Foshan Craftsman”. 【答案】influential 【详解】句意：佛山启动颁奖仪式，表彰当地颇具影响力的专家并授予其佛山工匠称号。此处修饰名词用形容词，名词influence的形容词为influential，意为“有影响力的”。 10．She had to choose between giving up her job or (hire) a babysitter. 【答案】hiring 【详解】句意：她必须在放弃工作和雇佣保姆之间做出选择。此处作宾语，用动名词形式。 11．They made a (commit) to each other at their wedding ceremony. 【答案】commitment 【详解】句意：他们在婚礼仪式上向彼此作出了承诺。此处不定冠词a后需接名词，commit是动词，其名词形式为commitment，意为“承诺”，作宾语。 12．There are (count) kind-hearted people from all over the country donating money and materials to help people in the earthquake-hit areas rebuild their homes. 【答案】countless 【详解】句意：全国各地无数好心人捐款捐物，助力地震灾区民众重建家园。修饰people，表示“无数的”，应用提示词的形容词countless。 13． (surround) by strangers made him embarrassed. 【答案】Being surrounded 【详解】考查动名词被动语态结构。句意：被陌生人包围让他很尴尬。分析句子可知，句子缺少主语，需要用动名词短语作主语。他是“被陌生人包围”，表被动，故用动名词被动语态结构being done，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Being surrounded。 14．The (enter) to the hall is beautifully decorated, which attracts many people. 【答案】entrance 【详解】考查名词。句意：大厅的入口处装饰得十分精美，吸引了许多人。空处用于定冠词the之后，应使用名词entrance，作主语，entrance to……的入口处。故填entrance。 15．The (promote) he had been promised failed to materialize. 【答案】promotion 【详解】考查名词。句意：他之前被许诺的晋升最终没能实现。空处需填名词作主语，promotion作名词，表示“晋升，升职”，用单数表示特指。故填promotion。 16．Though the task is tough, his (ambition) dream drives him to keep moving forward. 【答案】ambitious 【详解】考查形容词。句意：虽然任务艰巨，但他雄心勃勃的梦想激励着他继续前进。空处作修饰dream的定语，形容词ambitious符合题意，意为“雄心勃勃的”。故填ambitious。 17．I am looking forward to (give) the opportunity to participate in the activity. 【答案】being given 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我期待着被给予参加这个活动的机会。look forward to doing sth.为固定短语，表示“期待做某事”，其中to是介词，后面应接动名词形式。同时，由于我“是被给予机会”，所以需要使用动名词的被动形式being done。故填being given。 18．In class, (discuss) actively with your partners will help you think differently. 【答案】discussing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在课堂上与同伴积极交流能够帮助你开拓思维。空处和空后的actively with your partners搭配，作句子的主语，是非谓语，且此处介绍的是一件已知的经验，因此应用discuss“讨论”的动名词形式。故填discussing。 19．The desire to be the best player was a (motivate) factor to help him rise to the fame. 【答案】motivating 【详解】考查形容词。句意：渴望成为最佳选手，是一个激励他声名鹊起的重要因素。此处需填入形容词修饰 factor。动词motivate的形容词形式为motivating，意为“激励人心的；起推动作用的”，符合句意。故填motivating。 20．My brother enjoys (play) chess because it can improve his concentration. 【答案】playing 【详解】考查动名词。句意：——我哥哥喜欢下国际象棋，因为这能提高他的专注力。enjoy doing sth是固定搭配，意为“喜欢做某事”，所以用play的动名词形式playing，在句中作enjoys的宾语。故填playing。 21．One develops a reading habit by reading 20 minutes every day and never (skip) it. 【答案】skipping 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一个人可以通过每天阅读20分钟并且从不跳过阅读来养成阅读习惯。空处和reading并列作介词by的宾语，所以空处需用动名词的形式。故填skipping。 22．The teacher advised (finish) the project within this week. 【答案】finishing 【详解】考查动名词。句意：老师建议在本周内完成这个项目。advise doing sth.是固定短语，意为“建议做某事”，因此空格处用动名词作宾语，故填finishing。 23．They are (determine) to resist pressure to change the law. 【答案】determined 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们决心顶住压力，绝不修改这项法律。此处应用形容词determined作表语。故填determined。 24．The oldest zoo in China is Beijing Zoo, which (found) in 1906. 【答案】was founded 【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：中国最古老的动物园是北京动物园，它建于1906年。found(建立)是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语which(即先行词Beijing Zoo)之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“in 1906”可知，讲述过去发生的整改，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是专有名词，助动词be动词用was。故填was founded。 25．Starting conversations with strangers is still well worth the risk of (reject). 【答案】rejection 【详解】考查名词。句意：与陌生人开启对话，即便冒着被拒绝的风险，依然很值得。of为介词，后接名词作宾语，reject的名词形式是rejection，意为“拒绝”。故填rejection。 26． (hire) a car, you must show your passport and current driving licence. 【答案】To hire 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：要租用汽车，您必须出示您的护照和有效的驾驶执照。空格处作目的状语，应该用不定式形式。首字母大写。故填To hire。 27．You can’t imagine what difficulty we had (walk) through the unknown area without a guide. 【答案】walking 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你无法想象，在没有向导的情况下，我们徒步穿越这片未知区域遇到了多大的困难。have difficulty (in) doing sth.为固定短语，意为“做某事有困难”。in是介词，可省略，后面需接动名词形式作宾语。故填walking。 28．The boy’s mother regrets   (push) him too hard. 【答案】pushing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个男孩的妈妈后悔把他逼得太紧了。句中存在固定搭配regret doing sth.，意为“后悔做过某事”，此处push的动作已经发生，需用动词的动名词形式pushing作宾语。故填pushing。 29．After (reach) your destination, you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city.（所给词的适当形式） 【答案】reaching 【详解】考查非谓语。动词。句意：到达目的地后，你将有一天的时间来探索这座古城，并为之惊叹。after意为“在……之后”，介词词性，后接动名词作宾语。故填reaching。 30．My dream is to become a famous (design) in the future. 【答案】designer 【详解】考查名词。句意：我的梦想是将来成为一名著名的设计师。结合语意可知，此处表示成为著名的设计师，空处位于形容词famous之后，且前面有不定冠词a修饰，所以空处应填名词单数形式。design的名词形式designer表示“设计师”，符合语境。故填designer。 题型五、单词拼写 31．we need to buy some new ________ (家具). 【答案】furniture 【详解】句意：我们需要买一些新家具。根据汉语提示“家具”可知，此处应填名词furniture，在句中作动词buy的宾语；furniture为不可数名词，没有复数形式。 32．She was more interested in ________ (发表) medical research on care for women and children. 【答案】publishing 【详解】句意：她更关注的是发表妇幼护理医学研究成果。根据汉语提示可知用动词publish，作介词的宾语，用动名词形式。 33．He _____________(晕倒)in the street and died on the way to hospital. 【答案】collapsed 【详解】句意：他在街上晕倒，在送往医院的途中去世了。根据汉语提示及语境，collapse有“晕倒，昏倒”之意，and连接两个并列的动作，died是过去式，所以collapse也用过去式collapsed。 34．Dr. Lin greatly impressed her American colleagues, who invited her to stay, but she _________ (拒绝接受，不录用) the offer. 【答案】rejected 【详解】句意：林博士给她的美国同事留下了深刻的印象，他们邀请她留下来，但她拒绝了这个提议。根据句意和汉语提示可知，空处应填动词reject“拒绝接受，不录用”，由invited可知，句子时态是一般过去时，but之后的并列句的谓语动词应用动词过去式rejected。 35．Her ________ (投入，忠诚，奉献，承诺) to public service wins people’s respect. 【答案】commitment 【详解】句意：她对公共事业的奉献赢得了众人的尊重。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词commitment“奉献；忠诚；全身心投入”，作主语。 36．He felt deeply ________ (内疚的；愧疚的) that he had failed to keep his promise to his closest friend. 【答案】guilty 【详解】句意：他对没能遵守对最亲密朋友的诺言感到深深愧疚。“内疚的；愧疚的”作表语，用形容词guilty，表明主语He的状态。 37．________ (翻译) a poem from Chinese to English is very difficult because of cultural differences. 【答案】Translating 【详解】句意：由于文化差异，把诗歌从中文翻译成英文是一件很困难的事。根据汉语提示“翻译”可知，此处为动词translate，在句中作主语，空处应用动名词translating，位于句首，首字母需大写。 38．The sudden ________ (倒塌) of the bridge trapped several vehicles under tons of concrete and steel, requiring heavy equipment to rescue them. 【答案】collapse 【详解】句意：这座桥突然坍塌，致使多辆车辆被数吨重的混凝土和钢铁所掩埋，救援工作需要使用重型设备才能进行。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词collapse“倒塌”作主语，符合语境。 39．After the building collapsed, rescue teams searched through the ________ (废墟) for any signs of life, working around the clock without rest. 【答案】ruins 【详解】句意：大楼倒塌后，救援队在废墟中搜寻生命迹象，日夜不停地工作。根据汉语提示“废墟”可知，空处应用名词ruins，作介词through的宾语。 40．Every weekend, I spend two hours ________ (复习) what we have learned during the past five days. 【答案】revising/reviewing 【详解】句意：每个周末，我花两个小时复习过去五天所学的内容。“花时间做某事”为固定搭配“spend time (in) doing sth.”，其中介词in可省略，故此处应用revise或review的动名词形式。 题型六、完成句子 41．你的解释讲不通，请再告诉我真相。 Your explanation doesn’t ______ ______; please tell me the truth again. 【答案】 make sense 【详解】考查动词短语。make sense意思是“讲得通；有意义”，doesn't 后接动词原形，故填make； sense 。 42．一开始，他在学英语方面有很大困难。 In the beginning, he _________ _________ _________ _________English. 【答案】 had great difficulty learning 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。根据句意以及句子结构可知，此处为固定短语have difficulty (in) doing sth.，意为“做某事有困难”，其中in可以省略。difficulty是不可数名词，前面加形容词great修饰，表示“很大的”程度。句中“一开始”表示过去的时间，因此谓语动词have需要使用过去式 had。介词（in）后面接动词的-ing形式，因此“学英语”译为learning English。故填①had②great③difficulty④learning。 43．J.D．Salinger started ________ short stories, but he ________ to get his works ________. J.D．塞林格从高中时就开始写短篇小说了，但之后他的作品却难以发表。 【答案】 writing struggled published 【详解】考查固定搭配、时态及非谓语动词。根据句意，第一空“开始做某事”为固定搭配start doing sth.，“写短篇小说”译为write short stories，所以第一空为writing；第二空表示“难以做某事”可理解为“努力做某事”用动词struggle，结合前文“started”可知，此处时态为一般过去时，struggle的过去式为struggled；第三空表示“发表”为动词publish，works与publish为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式作宾补，所以第三空为publish的过去分词为published。故填①writing②struggled③published 。 44．在公园锻炼而不是去健身房，是个性价比高的选择。 ________ ________ in the park instead of the gym is a cost-effective choice. 【答案】 Working out 【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“锻炼”，可用动词短语work out，且空处作主语，描述经常性、习惯性的动作，因此用work的动名词形式，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Working out。 45．我有点担心在高级课程里跟不上其他同学。 I’m a bit worried about ________ ________ ________ the other students in my advanced course. 【答案】 keeping up with 【详解】考查短语。根据句意，句中“跟上”用短语keep up with。介词about后接动名词形式。故填keeping up with。 46．他在面试中的表现成功地给老板留下了好印象。 His performance in the interview succeeded in ________ ________ ________ ________on the boss. 【答案】 making/leaving a good impression 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“留下好印象”短语为make/leave a good impression，作介词的宾语，用动名词形式。故填making/leaving a good impression。 47．________________ was a great way to meet British students and make friends with them. 加入俱乐部是结识英国学生并与他们交朋友的好方法。 【答案】Joining clubs 【详解】考查动词短语。中英文对照，此空为“加入俱乐部”，表达为动宾短语join clubs，作主语，用动名词形式。首字母大写。故填Joining clubs。 48．People ________________________ in different ways. 人们采用不同的方式纪念并缅怀这位伟人。 【答案】honoured and remembered the great man 【详解】考查动词和时态。表示“纪念”用动词honour；表示“缅怀”用动词remember；表示“这位伟人”用the great man，发生在过去用一般过去时。故填honoured and remembered the great man。 49．I ________________________ not having written to you for so long. 这么长时间没给你写信了，我感到十分内疚。 【答案】feel really guilty about 【详解】考查短语。表示“感到十分内疚”可用feel really guilty about sth.，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为I，谓语用原形。故填feel really guilty about。 50．他不想去购物，而是玩电子游戏。 He does not want to go shopping, _________________ 【答案】but to play video games 【详解】考查并列结构和固定搭配。根据句意，该句为“not…but…”连接并列的不定式结构，表示“玩电子游戏”为play video games，使用不定式形式与“to go shopping”为并列关系，作宾语。故填but to play video games。 题型一、语篇语法填空 （25-26高二下·浙江杭州·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 In a small village, there was a big willow tree (柳树). Unlike the strong oak trees (橡树) 1 stood straight, the willow was very 2 (flex). Its long branches moved gently in the wind. During storms, it bowed low to the ground but never broke. One afternoon, a young carpenter 3 (name) Thomas walked by the tree. He was unhappy because his wooden table had broken. He had used very hard wood, thinking that strength was the only important thing. 4 he saw the willow, he laughed. “You are too weak,” he said. “You bend for every wind. You have no pride.” An old man sitting under the tree heard Thomas. He smiled and picked up 5 dry stick. “Break this,” he said to the young man. Thomas broke it 6 (easy). “Now,” the old man said, 7 (point) to a thick oak branch, “try to bend that.” Thomas tried very hard, but the oak branch was too stiff. “Being hard is not always being strong,” the old man explained. “The oak fights the wind, and finally, it breaks. The willow gives in, and it lives. To be truly strong, you must know when to bend.” Thomas looked at the willow again with respect. He understood that he needed to learn how 8 (adapt) in his work and life. He realized that true strength comes from the ability to change. From that day 9 , Thomas changed his mind. He became not only a better carpenter 10 a wiser man. 【答案】 1．that/which 2．flexible 3．named 4．When 5．a 6．easily 7．pointing 8．to adapt 9．on 10．but 【导语】文章主要讲述了一个年轻木匠从柳树身上学到真正的力量来自于适应和改变的能力的故事。 1．考查定语从句。句意：与笔直挺立的强壮橡树不同，柳树非常灵活。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是oak trees，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that/which引导。 2．考查形容词。句意：与笔直挺立的强壮橡树不同，柳树非常灵活。本空在句中作表语，结合句意“灵活的”，应用形容词flexible。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：一天下午，一个名叫托马斯的年轻木匠从树旁走过。本空在句中作后置定语，修饰名词carpenter，且动词name和carpenter之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词named作后置定语。 4．考查连词。句意：当他看到柳树时，他笑了。本空引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，从句谓语动词saw是瞬间动词，从句用连词when引导，单词位于句首，首字母大写。 5．考查冠词。句意：他微笑着捡起一根干树枝。stick“枝条，树枝”为可数名词，此处泛指“一根干枯的树枝”，dry为辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 6．考查副词。句意：托马斯很容易就把它弄断了。本空修饰动词broke，应用副词easily“容易地”作状语。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：“现在，”老人指着一根粗壮的橡树枝说，“试着把它弯下来。”said作谓语动词，空处需要非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语the old man与point为主动关系，用现在分词作伴随状语。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：他明白他需要学会如何在他的工作和生活适应。“how ____ (adapt) in his work and life”在句中作learn宾语，应用“疑问词+不定式”结构，即how to adapt。 9．考查固定搭配。句意：从那天起，托马斯改变了主意。from that day on表示“从那天起”，是固定短语。 10．考查连词。句意：他不仅成为了一个更好的木匠，而且成为了一个更聪明的人。not only...but (also)...表示“不但……而且……”，是固定并列连词，连接名词短语“a better carpenter”和“a wiser man”，所以本空应用连词but。 （25-26高二下·贵州遵义·阶段检测）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The road 1 success is never smooth. Behind every achievement lies countless failures that most people never see. Take Thomas Edison, 2 is famous for inventing the light bulb. He made over 1,000 unsuccessful attempts before finally 3 (create) a working bulb. When asked about his failures, Edison replied, “I have not failed. I’ve just found 10,000 ways that won’t work.” This mindset is what 4 (separate) successful people from others. Success is not measured by how many times you fall, 5 by how many times you get back up. J.K. Rowling, before publishing her first Harry Potter book, 6 (reject) by 12 publishers. She wrote in cafes while living on welfare, never giving up on her dream. Her persistence eventually paid off, making her one of the 7 (successful) authors in history. The challenges we face today become the strength we have tomorrow. If you want 8 (achieve) something meaningful, prepare to fail, but more importantly, prepare to persist. Success doesn’t happen overnight; it’s built day by day through small 9 (improve). Remember, every expert was once a beginner, and every success was once 10 failure. The only difference is that they refused to quit. 【答案】 1．to 2．who 3．creating 4．separates 5．but 6．was rejected 7．most successful 8．to achieve 9．improvement/improvements 10．a 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了成功需经失败并坚持不懈的道理。 1．考查介词。句意：通往成功的道路从来都不是一帆风顺的。the road to...是固定搭配，表示“通往……的道路”，所以本空填介词to。故填to。 2．考查定语从句。句意：以发明电灯泡而闻名的托马斯·爱迪生为例。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Thomas Edison，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词who引导。故填who。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：在最终成功制造出一个能正常工作的灯泡之前，他进行了1000多次不成功的尝试。本空作介词before的宾语，用动名词creating。故填creating。 4．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这种心态是成功人士与其他人的区别所在。本句描述的是客观事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语This mindset是单数，本空用第三人称单数形式separates。故填separates。 5．考查连词。句意：成功不是以你跌倒多少次来衡量的，而是以你重新站起来多少次来衡量的。not...but...是固定搭配，表示“不是……而是……”，本空用but。故填but。 6．考查时态和语态。句意：J.K.罗琳在出版她的第一本《哈利·波特》之前，被12家出版商拒绝了。本句描述的是过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，且主语J.K. Rowling与reject之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态was rejected。故填was rejected。 7．考查形容词最高级。句意：她的坚持最终得到了回报，使她成为历史上最成功的作家之一。one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最……之一”，本空用形容词最高级most successful。故填most successful。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你想取得一些有意义的东西，准备好失败，但更重要的是，准备好坚持。want to do sth.是固定搭配，表示“想要做某事”，所以本空填不定式to achieve，作宾语。故填to achieve。 9．考查名词复数。句意：成功不是一蹴而就的；它是通过每天的小进步逐渐建立起来的。本空作宾语，用不可数名词improvement；或者improvement为可数名词，且前面没有限定词，所以本空填名词复数improvements。故填improvement或improvements。 10．考查冠词。句意：记住，每个专家都曾经是初学者，每个成功都曾经是失败。failure表示“失败的人或事”时，是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且failure是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以本空填不定冠词a。故填a。 题型二、应用文写作 （25-26高二下·广东汕尾·期中）假定你是李华，你班将举办以“The Power of Perseverance（毅力的力量）”为主题的英语演讲比赛，请你写一篇演讲稿，面向全班同学进行演讲。内容包括： （1）说明毅力的重要性； （2）结合实例谈谈你的理解与感悟。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear fellow students, I’m Li Hua. It is my great honor to talk about “The Power of Perseverance”. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for your listening! 【答案】参考范文1 Dear fellow students, I’m Li Hua. It is my great honor to talk about “The Power of Perseverance”. As we all know, perseverance is of great importance to us. It is perseverance that helps us achieve our goals and overcome adversity. I once fell far behind in my English writing. Although I failed many times and felt discouraged, I persisted in daily practice: reading model essays, analyzing their structures and revising my drafts repeatedly. Months later, I finally made great progress. This experience taught me that nothing is impossible for a willing heart. As students, we may struggle with various challenges, but as long as we hold on to our goals with perseverance, we are bound to turn our dreams into reality. Thank you for your listening!参考范文2 Dear fellow students, I’m Li Hua. It is my great honor to talk about “The Power of Perseverance”. Perseverance is like a bright lamp, guiding us through hard times and leading us to success. Tu Youyou, for instance, faced numerous failures while researching a cure for malaria. Instead of giving up, she kept testing different methods and studying ancient texts tirelessly. Her years of unwavering perseverance finally led to the discovery of artemisinin, which has saved millions of lives worldwide. Her success proves that perseverance, even in the face of repeated setbacks, leads to miracles. Let’s stick to our goals and never lose heart! Thank you for your listening! 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生对于你班将举办以“The Power of Perseverance（毅力的力量）”为主题的英语演讲比赛这一情况，写一篇演讲稿，面向全班同学进行演讲。 1.词汇积累 方法：methods→ approaches 不知疲倦地：tirelessly→ indefatigably 证明出：proves→ turns out 挫折：setbacks→ frustration 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Instead of giving up, she kept testing different methods and studying ancient texts tirelessly. 拓展句：She, who refused to give up, kept testing different methods and studying ancient texts tirelessly. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Her years of unwavering perseverance finally led to the discovery of artemisinin, which has saved millions of lives worldwide.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Perseverance is like a bright lamp, guiding us through hard times and leading us to success.（运用了非谓语动词中的现在分词作状语） 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $