第11讲 Unit 6 Live green（课文知识全梳理&考点精准练）（暑假预习讲义）新九年级英语新教材外研版

第11讲Unit 6 Live green （课文知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 Unit 6 Live green单词及课文学习 学习重点 Unit 6 Live green知识解析学习 考点一 课文解读1 Understanding ideas 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 课文重点词汇1 1.cheap /tʃiːp/ adj. 便宜的，廉价的 2.toothbrush /ˈtuːθbrʌʃ/ n. 牙刷 3.glove /ɡlʌv/ n. 手套 4.silently /ˈsaɪləntli/ adv. 默不作声地；无声地 5.former /ˈfɔːmə/ adj. 以前的，从前的 6.tie /taɪ/ v. 系，扎，拴，捆 7.bin /bɪn/ n. 垃圾箱，垃圾桶 8.average /ˈævərɪdʒ/ n. 平均数 9.on average 平均来看 10.tiny /ˈtaɪni/ adj. 极小的 11.nowhere /ˈnəʊweə/ adv. 什么地方都不，无处 12.plastic-free /ˈplæstɪk friː/ adj. 无塑料的 13.highlight /ˈhaɪlaɪt/ v. 突出，强调 14.setback /ˈsetbæk/ n. 阻碍，挫折 课文对译解读1 Understanding ideas Plastic: good or bad? When plastic was invented around 1870, it was considered an amazing material. It was light, easy to shape, long-lasting and cheap. It quickly replaced wood and other natural materials. Many people believed plastic would make life better. Back then it was called an "environmental hero"! Not surprisingly, plastic has now filled our lives. We can find it in bags, bottles, toothbrushes, gloves, mobile phones, cars, houses... you name it. It is certainly convenient and has thousands of uses. Despite all this, it has slowly and silently shown its dark side. Plastic waste was first seen in the oceans in the 1960s. Since then, it has become a danger to sea animals. Some animals, such as whales, eat it by mistake and die. The former "hero" kills more than 100,000 sea animals every year. By 2050, there could be even more plastic in the sea than fish. Plastic is also causing problems on land. Birds' wings get tied in plastic lines. Bears' heads get stuck in plastic bins. Cows mistake plastic bags for food! Even humans are eating plastic waste! On average, we eat five grams of plastic a week. That's a whole bank card! Tiny pieces of plastic are found in the air we breathe. They can be carried around by the wind. There is even plastic "snow" at the North and South Poles. On "Planet Plastic", nowhere is free from this man-made material. Getting free of plastic waste isn't easy. It may take thousands of years to break down. Therefore, hiding the waste in the ground doesn't solve the problem. Burning it also produces thick smoke that causes air pollution. Plastic is not just causing an environmental problem. It is a matter of life and death for humans and for the future of our planet. Everyone knows that there is no Planet B. Let's go plastic-free! 当塑料在1870年左右被发明时，它被认为是一种神奇的材料。它轻便、易于成型、耐用且便宜。它迅速取代了木材和其他天然材料。许多人相信塑料会让生活更美好。那时它被称为“环境英雄”！ 毫不奇怪，塑料现在已经充斥了我们的生活。我们可以在袋子、瓶子、牙刷、手套、手机、汽车、房屋……只要你能说出的东西里都能发现它。它当然很方便，有成千上万种用途。尽管如此，它还是缓慢而无声地露出了它黑暗的一面。塑料垃圾在20世纪60年代首次出现在海洋中。从那时起，它就成了海洋动物的危险。一些动物，比如鲸鱼，会因误食塑料而死亡。这位曾经的“英雄”每年杀死超过10万只海洋动物。到2050年，海洋中的塑料甚至可能比鱼还多。 塑料也在陆地上造成问题。鸟的翅膀被塑料线缠住。熊的头被卡在塑料垃圾桶里。牛把塑料袋误认为食物！甚至人类也在吃塑料垃圾！我们平均每周吃五克塑料。那相当于一整张银行卡！在我们呼吸的空气中发现了微小的塑料颗粒。它们可以被风带到各处。甚至在南北极都有塑料“雪”。在“塑料星球”上，没有任何地方能摆脱这种人造材料。 摆脱塑料垃圾并不容易。它可能需要数千年才能分解。因此，把垃圾埋在地下并不能解决问题。焚烧它也会产生导致空气污染的浓烟。 塑料不仅仅是造成环境问题。它关乎人类和地球未来的生死存亡。每个人都知道没有第二个地球。让我们远离塑料吧！ 考点二 课文知识解析1 1.invent /ɪnˈvent/ 发明；创造 词汇变形：invent（动词，发明）→ invented（过去式 / 过去分词） → inventing（现在分词）→invention（名词，发明）→ inventor（名词，发明家） 常考短语： invent a new material（发明一种新材料） invent a machine（发明一台机器） 例句：Edison invented the light bulb and changed the world.爱迪生发明了电灯泡，改变了世界。 2.consider /kənˈsɪdə(r)/ 认为；考虑 词汇变形：consider（动词，认为；考虑）→ considered（过去式 / 过去分词）→ considering（现在分词）→ consideration（名词，考虑） 常考短语： be considered as（被认为是） consider doing sth.（考虑做某事） 例句：She is considered one of the best students in our class.她被认为是我们班最优秀的学生之一。 3.amazing /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/ 令人惊叹的；了不起的 词汇变形：amaze（动词，使惊叹）→ amazing（形容词，令人惊叹的→ amazed（形容词，感到惊叹的）→ amazement（名词，惊叹） 常考短语： an amazing discovery（一项惊人的发现） amazing performance（精彩的表现） 例句：The view from the mountain top is amazing.（山顶的景色令人惊叹。） 4.It was + 形容词 + to do sth. 句型 结构：It was + 形容词（light/easy/long-lasting/cheap）+ to do sth. 用法：It 作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语，表 “做某事是…的” 例句：It was difficult to finish the work in such a short time.在这么短的时间内完成这项工作很难。 5.replace /rɪˈpleɪs/ 取代；替换 词汇变形：replace（动词，取代）→ replaced（过去式 / 过去分词）→ replacing（现在分词）→ replacement（名词，替换物） 常考短语： replace A with B（用 B 取代 A）  replace old with new（以旧换新） 例句：We need to replace the broken chair with a new one.我们需要用一把新椅子替换这把坏掉的。 6.fill /fɪl/ 填满；充满 词汇变形：fill（填满）→ filled（过去式 / 过去分词）→ filling（现在分词）→ full（满的） 常考短语： fill one's life（充斥某人的生活） fill with（充满） 例句：The room is filled with the smell of flowers.房间里充满了花香。 7.convenient /kənˈviːniənt/ 方便的；便捷的 词汇变形：convenient（形容词，方便的）→ more convenient（比较级） → most convenient（最高级）→ convenience（名词，方便） 常考短语： convenient for sb.（对某人来说方便） convenient time（方便的时间） 例句：Online shopping is very convenient for busy people.网上购物对忙碌的人来说非常方便。 8.despite /dɪˈspaɪt/ 尽管；不管 词性：介词（后接名词/ 代词 / 动名词，不接从句） 常考短语：despite all this（尽管如此）  despite the rain（尽管下雨） 例句：Despite being tired, she continued to work.尽管很累，她还是继续工作。 9.danger /ˈdeɪndʒə(r)/ 危险；威胁 词汇变形：danger（名词，危险）→ dangerous（形容词，危险的）→ endanger（动词，危及；危害） 常考短语：a danger to（对…… 的威胁） in danger（处于危险中） 例句：Smoking is a great danger to our health.吸烟对我们的健康是极大的威胁。 10.since then   从那以后；自那时起 用法：常用于现在完成时，强调动作从过去持续到现在 例句：He moved to Beijing in 2010 and has lived there since then.他2010 年搬到北京，从那以后就一直住在那里。 11.There could be... 句型 结构：There could be + 名词 + 地点状语 用法：could 表示 “可能”，表推测，意为 “某地可能有某物” 例句：There could be a heavy rain this evening, so take an umbrella.今晚可能会有大雨，所以带把伞吧。 12.get tied 被缠绕；被捆住 词汇变形：tie（动词，捆；系）→ tied（过去式 / 过去分词）→ get tied（被动结构） 常考短语：get tied in（被缠绕在…… 里） tie up（捆起来） 例句：The tree branches got tied in the wires during the storm.暴风雨中，树枝被电线缠绕住了。 13.mistake... for...   把…… 误认为…… 词汇变形：mistake（动词，误解；错误）→ mistook（过去式）→ mistaken（过去分词） 常考短语：mistake A for B（把 A 误认为 B） 例句：I often mistake her for her sister because they look very similar.我经常把她误认为她的姐姐，因为她们长得很像。 14.nowhere 引导的倒装句 结构：Nowhere + be 动词 + 主语 + free from... 用法：nowhere 为否定副词，置于句首时句子用部分倒装，表 “没有任何地方……” 例句：Nowhere in the world can you find such beautiful scenery.世界上没有任何地方能找到如此美丽的景色。 15.It may take + 时间 + to do sth. 句型 结构：It may take + 时间段 + to do sth. 用法：It 作形式主语，may 表示 “可能”，表推测，意为 “做某事可能需要多长时间” 例句：It may take him two months to finish reading this book.他可能需要两个月才能读完这本书。 16.hide /haɪd/ 隐藏；躲藏 词汇变形：hide（动词，隐藏）→ hid（过去式）→ hidden（过去分词） 常考短语：hide in（藏在…… 里），hide from（躲避……） 例句：The little boy hid behind the door and wanted to surprise his mother.小男孩藏在门后，想给妈妈一个惊喜。 17.Not just... （but also）... 句型 结构：主语+ is not just + 名词 /doing sth. （but also + 补充内容） 用法：表示“不仅……（而且……）”，强调递进关系，but also 可省略 例句：He is not just a teacher but also a writer.他不仅是一名老师，还是一名作家。 【即学即练】 1.Plastic ______ around 1870 and it changed people’s life a lot. A. invents   B. invented   C. was invented   D. is invented 【答案】C 【解析】考点为invented的被动语态用法。主语 plastic 与 invent 是 “被发明” 的关系，需用被动语态（be + 过去分词）；由时间状语 around 1870 可知用一般过去时，故选 C。A（一般现在时主动）、B（一般过去时主动）、D（一般现在时被动）时态或语态错误。 2.The new material ______ a “environmental hero” because it was cheap and useful. A. considered as   B. was considered as   C. thinks of   D. is thought of 【答案】B 【解析】考点为considered的固定搭配be considered as（被认为是）。主语 material 与 consider 是被动关系，结合过去语境用一般过去时被动，故选 B。A 缺少 be 动词，C（主动形式，时态不符）、D（一般现在时被动，时态错误）。 3.It was ______ to shape plastic into different things, so it became popular quickly. A. easy  B. easily   C. difficulty   D. hard 【答案】A 【解析】考点为It was + 形容词 + to do sth. 句型。It 作形式主语，空格处需用形容词，结合语境 “易塑形” 选 A。B（副词）、C（名词）词性错误，D（困难的）语义相反。 4.Plastic ______ wood in many fields because it was cheaper. A. replaced with   B. took place   C. replaced   D. instead of 【答案】C 【解析】考点为replaced（动词，取代）的用法。replace 是及物动词，后直接接宾语（wood），故选 C。A 多了 with（正确搭配为 replace A with B），B（take place 表 “发生”，需加 of 才表取代）、D（介词短语，不能作谓语）。 5.Our daily life ______ plastic products—we can see them everywhere. A. is filled with   B. fills with   C. is full with   D. fill of 【答案】A 【解析】考点为is filled with（固定短语，充满）。被动结构表 “被充满”，故选 A。B（主动形式，主语 life 与 fill 是被动关系）、C（full 搭配 of，应为 is full of）、D（语法错误，应为 is full of 或 is filled with）。 6.It’s ______ to swim in the sea with plastic waste—we may get hurt. A. danger   B. dangerous   C. safely   D. safe 【答案】B 【解析】考点为dangerous（形容词，危险的，danger 的变形）。空格处需用形容词作表语，结合语境 “有塑料垃圾的海游泳危险” 选 B。A（名词）、C（副词）词性错误，D（安全的）语义相反。 7.Plastic waste was first found in the oceans in the 1960s, and ______, it has become a big threat to sea life. A. since then   B. from then on  C. just now   D. at once 【答案】A 【解析】考点为since then（从那以后，与现在完成时连用）。空格后是现在完成时 “has become”，故选 A。B（从那以后，多与一般过去时连用）、C（刚才，一般过去时）、D（立刻，一般现在时 / 将来时）时态不符。 8.The whale ate the plastic bag ______—it thought it was food. A. by accident   B. by mistake   C. on purpose   D. in fact 【答案】B 【解析】考点为by mistake（短语，错误地 / 误食）。结合原文 “鲸鱼误食塑料” 选 B。A（偶然，侧重意外发生）、C（故意地）、D（事实上）语义不符。 9.Some cows ______ plastic bags ______ grass and eat them by mistake. A. mistake; as   B. mistake; for   C. take; as   D. think; for 【答案】B 【解析】考点为mistake... for... 把……误认为的固定搭配。故选 B。A（介词 as 错误）、C（take as 表 “当作”，无 “误认” 含义）、D（think for 表 “为…… 考虑”，搭配错误）。 二．选用方框中的短语填空 long-lasting and cheap ，fill our lives ，a danger to sea animals ，break down，go plastic-free 1. When plastic was invented, it was light, easy to shape, __________. Many people thought it would make life better. 2. Not surprisingly, plastic has now __________. You can find it in bags, bottles, phones, and even cars. 3. Plastic waste has become __________. More than 100,000 sea animals die from it every year. 4. Plastic may take thousands of years to __________, so hiding it in the ground doesn't solve the problem. 5. Everyone should try to __________ to protect the environment. 【答案】1. long-lasting and cheap 2. filled our lives 3. a danger to sea animals 4. break down 5. go plastic-free 三．根据课文内容，用正确的词汇完成句子。 1. 塑料轻便、易塑形、耐用且便宜。 Plastic was __________, easy to shape, long-lasting and __________. 2. 自20世纪60年代以来，塑料垃圾已成为海洋动物的一大威胁。 Since the 1960s, plastic waste has become a __________ __________ sea animals. 3. 塑料也在陆地上造成问题。 Plastic is also causing problems __________ __________. 4. 我们平均每周吃下五克塑料——相当于一整张银行卡！ On __________, we eat five grams of plastic a week — that's a whole bank __________! 5. 地球没有备选。让我们告别塑料吧！ There is no Planet B. Let’s __________ __________! 【答案】1. light; cheap 2. danger to 3. on land 4. average; card 5. go plastic-free 考点三 课文解读2 Reading for writing 1.loudly /ˈlaʊdli/ adv. 响亮地，大声地 2.village /ˈvɪlɪdʒ/ n. 乡村，村庄 3.noisy /ˈnɔɪzi/ adj. 喧闹的；吵闹的 4.reporter /rɪˈpɔːtə/ n. 记者 5.depth /depθ/ n. 深，深度 6.weight /weɪt/ n. 重物 7.businessman /ˈbɪznəsmæn/ n. 商人；企业家 8.truck /trʌk/ n. 货车，卡车 9.industrial /ɪnˈdʌstriəl/ adj. 工业的 10.litter /ˈlɪtə/ n. 垃圾，废弃物 11.peace /piːs/ n. 和平；平静，安宁 12.business /ˈbɪznəs/ n. 商业 课文对译解读2 Reading for writing Hey! Come on out! The next day, the village became busy and noisy with activity. Reporters and scientists came from the city. One reporter tried to find out the hole's depth by lowering a weight into it. The rope wasn't long enough. A scientist played loud noises into the hole and listened for them coming back. They didn't. "Fill in the hole," she simply suggested. "Let me have that hole. I'll fill it in for you," offered a businessman. The businessman started a hole-filling company. Trucks full of industrial waste came from far and wide. At first, this worried the villagers, but the waste all disappeared down the hole. The company grew and the village built a road leading to the hole. Next, people threw dead animals and litter in the hole. No matter what dirty things people threw, the hole took them all. The hole gave peace of mind to everyone. No one thought about the results of their actions. The hole cleaned the city, and the sea and sky became as clear as glass. Everyone became proud of their city. Businesses created tall new buildings, throwing any waste into the hole. One day, a worker was on top of a building. Suddenly, he heard a strange cry from the clear blue sky: "Hey! Come on out!" The worker shook his head. He thought the voice must be his imagination. Then he saw a stone fall from the sky. 第二天，村子里变得繁忙而喧闹。记者和科学家从城里赶来。一位记者试图通过往洞里放重物来测量洞的深度。绳子不够长。一位科学家朝洞里发出巨大的声响，然后倾听回声。但没有回声。“把洞填上吧，”她简单地建议道。 “把那个洞给我吧。我来替你填上，”一位商人主动说。 这位商人开办了一家填洞公司。满载工业废料的卡车从四面八方源源不断地开来。起初，这让村民们感到担心，但所有的废料都消失在洞里了。公司发展起来，村子里修了一条通往洞的路。接着，人们把死去的动物和垃圾扔进洞里。无论人们扔进去什么脏东西，这个洞都接收了它们。 这个洞让每个人都安心了。没有人想过自己行为的结果。这个洞清洁了城市，大海和天空变得像玻璃一样清澈。每个人都为他们的城市感到自豪。 商家们建起了崭新的高楼，把任何垃圾都扔进洞里。一天，一个工人站在一栋楼的顶部。突然，他听到晴朗的蓝天上传来一声奇怪的呼喊： “嘿！出来吧！” 工人摇了摇头。他以为那声音一定是自己的幻觉。然后他看到一块石头从天上掉下来。 考点四 课文知识解析2 1.discuss /dɪˈskʌs/ 讨论；商议 词汇变形：discuss（动词，讨论；商议）→ discussed（过去式 / 过去分词）→ discussing（现在分词）→discussion（名词，讨论） 常考短语：discuss what to do（讨论该做什么）discuss sth. with sb.（与某人讨论某事） 例句：We need to discuss the plan carefully before making a decision.做决定前，我们需要仔细讨论这个计划。 2.pick up   捡起；接；偶然学会 词汇变形：pick（动词，捡起；采摘）→ picked（过去式 / 过去分词） 常考短语：pick up a stone（捡起一块石头） pick up sb.（接某人） pick up a language（偶然学会一门语言） 例句：She picked up a book from the floor and put it on the desk.她从地上捡起一本书，放在了桌子上。 3.busy and noisy繁忙喧闹的 词汇变形：busy（形容词，忙碌的）→ busier（比较级）→ busiest（最高级）noise（名词，噪音）→ noisy（形容词，吵闹的）→ noisier（比较级）→ noisiest（最高级） 常考短语：busy and noisy with activity（热闹非凡、人声鼎沸） a busy and noisy street（繁忙喧闹的街道） 例句：The market is busy and noisy early in the morning.一大早，市场就热闹非凡、人声鼎沸。 4.scientist /ˈsaɪəntɪst/ 科学家 词汇变形：science（名词，科学）→ scientific（形容词，科学的）→ scientist（名词，科学家）→ scientists（复数） 常考短语：a famous scientist（著名科学家）environmental scientist（环境科学家） 例句：The scientist spent years researching a new energy source.这位科学家花了数年时间研究一种新能源。 5.find out 查明；发现 词汇变形：find（动词，找到；发现）→ found（过去式 / 过去分词） 常考短语：find out the depth（查明深度）find out the truth（查明真相） 例句：We need to find out who broke the window.我们需要查明是谁打破了窗户。 6.weight /weɪt/ 重量；重物 词汇变形：weigh（动词，称重）→ weight（名词，重量；重物）→ weights（复数）→weighty（形容词，沉重的；重要的） 常考短语：a heavy weight（重物）lose weight（减肥）put on weight（增重） 例句：The weight of the box is too heavy for me to carry.这个箱子太重了，我搬不动。 7.offer /ˈɒfə(r)/ 主动提出；提供；提议；报价 词汇变形：offer（动词，主动提出；提供；名词，提议；报价）→ offered（过去式/ 过去分词）→ offering（现在分词） 常考短语：offer to do sth.（主动提出做某事）offer help（提供帮助） accept an offer（接受提议） 例句：He offered to drive us to the station.他主动提出开车送我们去车站。 8.worry /ˈwʌri/ 担心；担忧 词汇变形：worry（动词 / 名词，担心；担忧）→ worried（过去式 / 过去分词；形容词，担忧的）→ worrying（现在分词；形容词，令人担忧的） 常考短语：feel worried（感到忧心忡忡）worry about sth.（担心某事） 例句：She is worried about her son's safety.她担心儿子的安全。 9.disappear /ˌdɪsəˈpɪə(r)/ 消失 词汇变形：appear（动词，出现）→ disappear（动词，消失）→ disappeared（过去式/ 过去分词）→disappearance（名词，消失） 常考短语：disappear down the hole（消失在洞里） disappear without a trace（消失得无影无踪） 例句：The sun disappeared behind the clouds.太阳消失在云层后面。 10.grow /ɡrəʊ/ 发展；生长；变得 词汇变形：grow（动词，发展；生长；变得）→ grew（过去式）→ grown过去分词）→ growth（名词，成长；发展） 常考短语：the company grew（公司规模扩大）grow quickly（快速发展）  grow up（长大） 例句：The small shop grew into a large supermarket in ten years.这家小商店十年间发展成了大型超市。 11.dead animal   死动物 词汇变形：die（动词，死亡）→ dead（形容词，死亡的）→ death（名词，死亡）animal（名词，动物）→ animals（复数） 常考短语：throw dead animals（扔死动物）a dead bird（一只死鸟） 例句：The farmer buried the dead animal to prevent disease.农夫把死动物埋了，以防疾病传播。 12.no matter what 无论什么 常考短语：no matter what（无论什么） no matter where（无论哪里） no matter how（无论怎样） 例句：No matter what happens, I will stand by you.无论发生什么，我都会支持你。 13.peace of mind   内心平静；安心 词汇变形：peace（名词，平静；和平）→ peaceful（形容词，平静的；和平的）mind（名词，心思；头脑） 常考短语：give peace of mind（让人放下心来）have peace of mind（内心平静） 例句：Knowing that the children are safe gives her peace of mind.知道孩子们安全，她才放下心来。 14.result /rɪˈzʌlt/ 结果；导致 词汇变形：result（名词，结果；动词，导致）→ results（复数 / 第三 称单数）→ resulted（过去式 / 过去分词） 常考短语：the results of their actions（他们行为的后果） as a result（结果）result from（由…… 导致） 例句：We must consider the possible results before acting.行动前，我们必须考虑可能的后果。 15.be proud of 为…… 感到骄傲；自豪 词汇变形：proud（形容词，骄傲的；自豪的）→ prouder（比较级）→ proudest（最高级）→ pride（名词，骄傲；自豪） 常考短语：be proud of their city（为他们的城市感到骄傲） be proud of sb.'s achievement（为某人的成就感到自豪） 例句：She is proud of her son for winning the competition.她为儿子赢得比赛感到骄傲。 【即学即练】 一．单项选择 1.The teachers ______ the plan of holding a "No Plastic" activity in the class meeting yesterday. A. discuss   B. discusses   C. discussed   D. are discussing 【答案】C 【解析】考点为discussed（动词过去式）。时间状语 yesterday（昨天）表过去，句子用一般过去时；A（原形，一般现在时）、B（三单形式，一般现在时）、D（现在进行时）时态不符，故选 C。 2.Please ______ the plastic bottles on the ground and put them into the recycling bin. A. pick up it   B. pick it up   C. pick up them   D. pick them up 【答案】D 【解析】考点为pick up（动词短语，“捡起”）。宾语为复数名词 plastic bottles，用代词 them 指代；pick up 是 “动词 + 副词” 短语，代词作宾语时需置于短语中间（排除 A、C），B（it 指代单数）指代错误，故选 D。 3.The students are doing a ______ experiment to test how long plastic takes to break down. A. science   B. scientific   C. scientifically   D. scientist 【答案】B 【解析】考点为scientific（形容词，“科学的”）。空格后为名词 experiment（实验），需用形容词修饰；A（名词 “科学”）、C（副词 “科学地”）、D（名词 “科学家”）词性不符，故选 B。 4.We need to ______ why plastic pollution is more serious in some coastal areas. A. find   B. find out   C. look for   D. discover 【答案】B 【解析】考点为find out（动词短语，“查明；发现”）。侧重 “通过努力查明原因、真相”，符合 “探究塑料污染严重的原因” 语境；A（find “偶然发现某物”）、C（look for “寻找”，侧重动作）、D（discover “发现未知事物”）语义不符，故选 B。 5.This kind of biodegradable plastic has a light ______ and is easy to carry. A. weigh   B. weight   C. weighing   D. weighed 【答案】B 【解析】考点为weight（名词，“重量”）。空格前有形容词 light（轻的）修饰，需用名词；A（动词 “称重”）、C（动名词 / 现在分词）、D（过去式 / 过去分词）词性不符，故选 B。 6.Tom ______ help clean the plastic litter in the park when he saw the volunteers working hard. A. offered to   B. offered doing   C. offers to   D. offers doing 【答案】A 【解析】考点为offer to do sth.（动词短语，“主动提出做某事”）。offer 后必须接不定式（to + 动词原形），排除 B、D；由 saw 可知句子用一般过去时（offered），C（一般现在时）时态不符，故选 A。 二．选用方框中的短语填空 throw away ， fill in ，disappear down ，give peace of mind，as clear as glass 1. The businessman started a company to __________ the hole with industrial waste. 2. No matter what people __________ the hole, it took everything. 3. The hole __________ to everyone because they no longer worried about waste. 4. After the hole cleaned the city, the sea and sky became __________. 5. Trucks of waste came from far and wide, and everything would __________ the hole. 【答案】1. fill in 2. threw away 3. gave peace of mind 4. as clear as glass 5. disappear down 三．根据故事内容，用正确的词汇完成句子。 1. 村民们发现地上有一个神秘的洞。 The villagers discovered a __________ hole in the __________. 2. 商人们开着装满工业废物的卡车从四面八方赶来。 Trucks __________ of industrial waste came from far and __________. 3. 无论人们往洞里扔什么，洞都会把它们全部吞没。 No matter what dirty things people __________, the hole __________ them all. 4. 每个人都为自己的城市感到骄傲。 Everyone became __________ of their __________. 5. 工人摇了摇头，以为那个声音一定是他的想象。 The worker __________ his head. He thought the __________ must be his imagination. 【答案】1. mysterious; ground 2. full; wide 3. threw; took 4. proud; city 5. shook; voice 一．完形填空 从每小题 A、B、C、D 中选出一个能填入句中空白处的最佳答案。 In 2026, more and more schools in China start the “Plastic-Free Campus” activity. It is a meaningful action to 1 our environment. As junior high school students, we should take an active part in it. At our school, we stop using disposable (一次性的) plastic products. We bring our own reusable water bottles 2 of buying plastic ones. In the dining hall, we use cloth bags instead of plastic bags to hold our food. Our teachers tell us that plastic can take hundreds of years to 3 , which is very bad for the earth. Last month, our class held a “No Plastic” poster design competition (设计大赛). Everyone 4 their best to make beautiful posters. Some posters show how plastic pollutes our rivers and soil. Others tell students how to 5 plastic in daily life. Through this activity, we know more about the 6 of protecting the environment. Now, more and more students join the activity. We often pick up plastic rubbish around the school and 7 it into different bins. We also tell our parents to use fewer plastic products at home. It’s amazing to see that our school becomes 8 and cleaner day by day. The “Plastic-Free Campus” activity is not just a campaign. It helps us form good habits and teaches us to 9 our earth. We believe that if everyone does a little, our world will become a 10 place to live in. 1．A．protect B．harm C．change D．describe 2．A．because B．instead C．together D．such 3．A．break down B．turn on C．take off D．put up 4．A．tried B．made C．came D．gave 5．A．use B．avoid C．buy D．collect 6．A．difficulty B．happiness C．importance D．difference 7．A．divide B．throw C．keep D．take 8．A．dirtier B．greener C．darker D．colder 9．A．care for B．look for C．ask for D．wait for 10．A．worse B．harder C．better D．smaller 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍校园开展“无塑料校园”环保活动，讲述学生参与的各类减塑行动，阐明该活动对保护环境、守护地球的意义，倡导大家从小事做起爱护环境。 【详解】1．句意：这是一项有意义的行动来保护我们的环境。 根据后文全程围绕减少塑料、爱护地球的环保活动，protect our environment意为保护环境，契合减塑活动的核心目的；harm（伤害）、change（改变）、describe（描述）均不符合文意。 2．句意：我们自带可重复使用的水杯，而不是购买塑料水杯。 instead of是固定搭配，意为代替、而不是，前后是两种取水方式的替换；because（因为）、together（一起）、such（如此）无法和of构成该语境搭配。 3．句意：老师告诉我们塑料需要数百年才能分解，这对地球危害极大。 break down表示（物质）分解、降解，符合塑料自然消解的语境；turn on（打开）、take off（起飞/脱掉）、put up（张贴）均无降解含义。 4．句意：每个人尽自己最大努力制作美观的海报。 try one’s best是固定短语，意为尽某人最大努力；made、came、gave无法和one’s best构成该固定搭配。 5．句意：其余海报告诉学生如何在日常生活中避免使用塑料。 文章核心是无塑减塑活动，avoid plastic表示规避、减少塑料使用，贴合环保主题；use（使用）、buy（购买）、collect（收集）和减塑主旨相悖。 6．句意：通过这次活动，我们更加了解保护环境的重要性。 the importance of...为固定表达，意为……的重要性，契合活动带来的思想收获；difficulty（困难）、happiness（快乐）、difference（差异）不符合句子逻辑。 7．句意：我们经常捡拾校园里塑料垃圾，并将它们分类投入不同垃圾桶。 divide sth. into...是固定搭配，意为把某物分成……，此处指垃圾分类；throw（扔掉）、keep（保存）、take（拿取）不能搭配into表达分类动作。 8．句意：看到我们的校园一天天变得更环保、更整洁，十分令人惊喜。 全文为环保减塑主题，greener表示更绿色环保，和cleaner并列体现校园变好；dirtier（更脏）、darker（更昏暗）、colder（更寒冷）均为负面描述。 9．句意：它帮助我们养成好习惯，教会我们爱护地球。 care for意为爱护、关心，契合善待地球的环保主旨；look for（寻找）、ask for（索要）、wait for（等待）不符合语境。 10．句意：我们相信如果每个人都付出一点行动，我们的世界将会变成更宜居的美好地方。 人人参与环保会让居住环境变得更好，better表示更好的；worse（更差）、harder（更艰难）、smaller（更小）语义不符。 二．阅读理解 A Li Jin was born in Guangxi but grew up in Sanya, Hainan. Li has worked hard to protect the waters of Sanya for many years. He is now sharing knowledge of environmental protection. He does this through the Internet. Around 2014, he began doing volunteer work to clear rubbish from the beaches. Li took the lead in a clean-up activity on the Sanya River. In April 2021, he used his own money to set up a volunteer service centre. The centre has 1,170 volunteers who do all kinds of activities. So far, he has spent about 3,800 hours on volunteer activities. Since he started, he has helped out at over 550 events. More than 2,300 people have joined in the activities with his encouragement. They have made both adults and children realize the importance of protecting the ocean and beaches. His centre has organized 51 beach-cleaning activities since he set it up. In 2021, the city government invited Li Jin to make a number of short videos. In the videos, he used simple words to explain how to protect the environment. Several of the videos are very popular and people have watched them millions of times. “Although many people speak highly of my work, what I have done is not for being famous. I just want to make a difference to environmental protection. It is everyone’s duty to protect the environment, so I will continue doing the environmental protection work,” he said. 11．How does Li Jin share the knowledge of environmental protection? A．In the newspaper. B．On TV. C．Through the Internet. D．By writing. 12．What is the right order of the following events according to the passage? ①Li Jin set up a volunteer service centre.     ②Li Jin made a number of short videos. ③Li Jin began to clear rubbish.     ④Li Jin took the lead in a clean-up activity. A．④②③① B．③①④② C．①④③② D．③④①② 13．Which of the following best describes Li Jin? A．Serious and outgoing. B．Rich and smart. C．Hard-working and responsible (有责任心的). D．Shy and quiet. 14．What’s the writer trying to do in the passage? A．Introduce the beautiful Sanya. B．Show Li Jin’s life in Sanya. C．Teach people how to make short videos. D．Encourage people to protect the environment. 15．Which is the right structure of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1,...) A．B．C． D． 【答案】11．C 12．D 13．C 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文主要讲述李金长期在三亚开展海洋环保志愿工作，清理海滩河道垃圾、自费建立志愿服务中心、拍摄环保短视频科普知识，并表达自己坚持环保、呼吁人人爱护环境的初心。 【详解】11．第一段末尾给出答案：“He does this through the Internet.”，说明李金通过互联网分享环保知识。 12．第二段梳理事件时间顺序：先是“Around 2014, he began doing volunteer work to clear rubbish from the beaches（③开始清理垃圾）”，再是“Li took the lead in a clean-up activity on the Sanya River（④带头河道清理活动）”，接着“In April 2021, he used his own money to set up a volunteer service centre（①建立志愿中心）”，第四段“In 2021, the city government invited Li Jin to make a number of short videos（②拍摄短视频）”，正确顺序为③④①②。 13．全文多处体现人物特质：多年坚持守护三亚水域、投入大量志愿时长、自掏腰包建服务中心、持续科普环保，最后一段他表示会一直坚持环保，体现出他勤奋努力、富有责任心。 14．全文通过讲述李金的环保事迹，结尾引用他的话“It is everyone’s duty to protect the environment”，作者意在号召、鼓励大众参与保护环境。 15．段落结构分析：①第一段总起，介绍主人公李金及他的环保事业；②第二段、③第三段、④第四段分述他开展的各类环保志愿工作与线上科普行动；⑤第五段引用主人公话语升华主旨，对应结构为总分总（首段总，中间二三四段分，尾段总）。 B Environmental protection has become a hot topic among teenagers these years. More and more middle school students take part in different kinds of green activities to make a difference to the earth. Linda is an eighth-grader from No. 3 Middle School. She set up a small environmental group with her classmates last term. At first, only five students joined her group. They planned simple activities like picking up rubbish in the community every Saturday morning. Later, their actions drew more students’ attention. Now more than forty students are members of the group. Linda’s group carries out three fixed activities every month. The first activity is waste classification training. They make colorful posters to tell neighbors how to sort kitchen waste, plastic waste and paper waste correctly. The second activity is recycling collection. They collect used books, plastic bottles and waste paper from students and neighbors. The money they get from selling recyclables will be donated to the local animal protection center. The third activity is tree planting. Every spring, they plant young trees on the hills near the town together. At the beginning, some parents didn’t understand their activities. They thought students should spend all spare time on studying instead of doing this “useless” volunteer work. But after watching the changes around their living areas, parents changed their minds. The river beside the community becomes clean again, there are fewer plastic bags on the roads, and more small trees stand on the hills. Many parents even join their volunteer team on weekends. Linda says teenagers can also play an important role in environmental protection. We don’t need to do great big things. Small daily actions matter a lot. Turning off taps when brushing teeth, taking reusable bags while shopping, and riding bikes instead of taking cars can all reduce pollution. If every teenager develops green living habits, the earth will become much better. 16．How many members does Linda’s environmental group have now? A．Five B．Over forty C．Eighty D．One hundred 17．What will they do with the money from recyclables? A．Buy new trees for hill planting B．Make environmental posters C．Give it to animal protection center D．Prepare prizes for group members 18．Which activity is NOT mentioned in the passage? A．Training people to sort rubbish B．Collecting recyclable waste C．Planting trees every spring D．Cleaning factory waste water 19．What’s parents’ attitude towards the group at last? A．They support and join the activities B．They still think it wastes study time C．They refuse to let kids take part in it D．They worry about kids’ safety outside 20．What can we learn from Linda’s words? A．Only big actions can protect the environment B．Teenagers can’t make any difference to the earth C．Small daily green habits are very meaningful D．Environmental work should be left to adults 【答案】16．B 17．C 18．D 19．A 20．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了初中生琳达与其同学自发成立的环保小组，通过垃圾分类宣传、可回收物收集和春季植树等三项固定活动为社区环境带来的积极改变，并展现了家长态度的转变，旨在倡导青少年从日常生活的点滴环保习惯做起。 【详解】16．根据第二段中的“Now more than forty students are members of the group.”可知，现在该环保小组已经拥有40多名成员。 17．根据第三段中的“The money they get from selling recyclables will be donated to the local animal protection center.”可知，他们通过售卖可回收废品得到的钱将被捐赠给当地的动物保护中心。 18．根据第三段中的“The first activity is waste classification training…The second activity is recycling collection. They collect used books, plastic bottles and waste paper…The third activity is tree planting. Every spring, they plant young trees on the hills near the town together”可知，她们开展的三项固定活动分别是垃圾分类培训、可回收物收集以及春季植树。文中完全没有提到清洗工厂废水相关的语句。 19．根据第四段中的“But after watching the changes around their living areas, parents changed their minds…Many parents even join their volunteer team on weekends.”可知，家长们在看到了社区的变化后改变了想法，许多家长甚至在周末加入了他们的志愿者队伍。这表明家长们最后转为了支持并亲自加入了他们的环保活动。 20．根据最后一段中的“We don’t need to do great big things. Small daily actions matter a lot…If every teenager develops green living habits, the earth will become much better.”可知，琳达认为保护环境不需要做宏大伟岸的大事，日常生活中的点滴绿色习惯就非常有意义。 三．语法填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Voluntary work is an important part of teenagers’ after-school life. In Qiandongnan, more and more students 21 (join) different voluntary teams every year. Last Saturday, I took part in a wildlife protection voluntary activity. The weather was fine and many volunteers 22 (gather) at the forest park gate early in the morning. Our guide told us that many wild animals here are 23 (endanger) and living conditions are getting worse. We first cleaned up rubbish around the woods, then put up signs to remind people 24 (not hurt) small animals. We also gave out leaflets to call on more people 25 (protect) local wildlife. During the activity, I realized that it is our duty 26 (save) endangered animals. We should stop people from 27 (pollute) the natural environment. Also, it is important for us to spread the idea of animal protection in our school and community. Small actions can make a big difference. We believe the natural world will become much 28 (beautiful) if everyone tries their best. More young volunteers should be encouraged 29 (take) part in such meaningful activities. Helping nature is helping 30 (we). 【答案】21．join 22．gathered 23．endangered 24．not to hurt 25．to protect 26．to save 27．polluting 28．more beautiful 29．to take 30．ourselves 【导语】本文讲述了作者参与保护野生动物志愿活动的经历与感悟，点明保护野生动物、爱护自然环境的重要性，呼吁更多年轻志愿者参与这类有意义的环保志愿活动。 【详解】21．句意：在黔东南，每年都有越来越多的学生加入不同的志愿者队伍。根据“every year”可知，句子采用一般现在时，主语为more and more students，谓语用动词join的原形。 22．句意：天气很好，一大早就有很多志愿者聚集在森林公园门口。根据“The weather was fine”可知，句子应用一般过去时，谓语用动词gather的过去式gathered。 23．句意：向导告诉我们，这里的许多野生动物都已濒临灭绝，它们的生存环境正变得越来越差。be endangered意为“处于濒临灭绝的状态”，此处用形容词endangered作表语。 24．句意：我们先清理了树林周边的垃圾，之后张贴了提示牌提醒人们不要伤害小动物。remind sb not to do sth意为“提醒某人不要做某事”，此处用动词不定式的否定式作宾语补足语。 25．句意：我们还分发了传单，呼吁更多人保护本地野生动物。call on sb to do sth意为“呼吁某人做某事”，此处动词不定式作目的状语。 26．句意：在这次活动中，我意识到拯救濒危动物是我们每个人的责任。根据“it is our duty”可知，在that引导的宾语从句中，it作形式主语，真正的主语用动词不定式来充当。 27．句意：我们应当阻止人们污染自然环境。stop sb from doing sth意为“阻止某人做某事”，此处用动名词作宾语。 28．句意：我们相信，如果每个人都尽一份力，自然世界会变得更加美丽。much修饰比较级，形容词beautiful的比较级为more beautiful。 29．句意：应当鼓励更多青年志愿者参与这类有意义的活动。be encouraged to do sth意为“被鼓励去做某事”，此处使用动词不定式作主语补足语。 30．句意：保护自然就是保护我们自己。helping是及物动词，此处用we的反身代词ourselves来指代我们人类自己。 四．任务型阅读 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题，每个题目的答案不超过10个单词。 In January, some special artworks were shown at the Lillian M. Jacobs School in Hull, Massachusetts. The sculptures are made entirely of rubbish collected by sixth-graders! The school lies on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean. In February 2024, the students spent a cold day cleaning up a nearly 1-mile area of Nantasket Beach. They collected more than 40 bags of rubbish. “I often go to the beach and don’t notice the rubbish,” says Derek DeGallo, who is now a seventh-grader. “But when I looked for it, I realized how much there was.” Every year, billions of pounds of rubbish end up in oceans all over the world. The students found many things on the beach, from fishing lines to old shopping carts. Most of it is plastic. This waste makes beaches dirty and can hurt sea animals—many get stuck in the plastic or eat it by mistake, falling ill. After their beach cleanup, the students sorted the rubbish into groups like glass, plastic and foam and counted each piece of rubbish. They sent the data to the Center for Coastal Studies, an organization that helps protect the ocean near Massachusetts. Then, a local artist named Jackie Ranney and the school’s teachers helped the students turn the rubbish into sculptures of fish and other sea creatures, like whales and seahorses. The artworks show people how important it is to take care of the earth. “I hope kids see these artworks and think about how they use plastic,” says Ranney, the local artist. “They might ask themselves, ‘Do I throw away and recycle my rubbish in the right way?’” Derek, now a seventh-grader, feels proud that he and his classmates helped stop rubbish from getting into the ocean. “Our own town’s beaches are wonderful,” he says. “We want to make sure they stay clean.” 31．Why are some artworks shown at the Lillian M. Jacobs School special? 32．What did Derek realize when he collected rubbish? 33．How does rubbish hurt sea animals? 34．What did students do after cleaning the beach? 35．What do you think about the students’ activities? Why? 【答案】31．Because they are made of rubbish (collected by sixth-graders). 32．There was much rubbish. 33．They get stuck in plastic, eat it and fall ill. 34． They sorted and counted the rubbish and sent the data. 35．Meaningful. Because they stop rubbish from getting into the ocean. 【导语】本文介绍了美国马萨诸塞州一所学校的学生清理海滩垃圾，并将其制作成艺术品的故事。 【详解】31．第一段提到这些艺术品完全由六年级学生收集的垃圾制成“made entirely of rubbish collected by sixth-graders”，因此答案是原文信息提取。 32．第三段Derek说“when I looked for it, I realized how much there was”，因此他意识到垃圾很多。 33．根据文章第4段“many get stuck in the plastic or eat it by mistake, falling ill.”可知垃圾伤害海洋动物的方式，答案为原文直接信息。 34．根据文章第5段“the students sorted the rubbish... counted each piece... sent the data to the organization”可知清理海滩后学生的行动，答案为原文直接信息。 35．开放题，答案不唯一。需表达对学生们活动的看法并说明理由，合理即可。 $第11讲Unit 6 Live green （课文知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 Unit 6 Live green单词及课文学习 学习重点 Unit 6 Live green知识解析学习 考点一 课文解读1 Understanding ideas 课文重点词汇1 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.cheap /tʃiːp/ adj. 便宜的，廉价的 2.toothbrush /ˈtuːθbrʌʃ/ n. 牙刷 3.glove /ɡlʌv/ n. 手套 4.silently /ˈsaɪləntli/ adv. 默不作声地；无声地 5.former /ˈfɔːmə/ adj. 以前的，从前的 6.tie /taɪ/ v. 系，扎，拴，捆 7.bin /bɪn/ n. 垃圾箱，垃圾桶 8.average /ˈævərɪdʒ/ n. 平均数 9.on average 平均来看 10.tiny /ˈtaɪni/ adj. 极小的 11.nowhere /ˈnəʊweə/ adv. 什么地方都不，无处 12.plastic-free /ˈplæstɪk friː/ adj. 无塑料的 13.highlight /ˈhaɪlaɪt/ v. 突出，强调 14.setback /ˈsetbæk/ n. 阻碍，挫折 课文对译解读1 Understanding ideas Plastic: good or bad? When plastic was invented around 1870, it was considered an amazing material. It was light, easy to shape, long-lasting and cheap. It quickly replaced wood and other natural materials. Many people believed plastic would make life better. Back then it was called an "environmental hero"! Not surprisingly, plastic has now filled our lives. We can find it in bags, bottles, toothbrushes, gloves, mobile phones, cars, houses... you name it. It is certainly convenient and has thousands of uses. Despite all this, it has slowly and silently shown its dark side. Plastic waste was first seen in the oceans in the 1960s. Since then, it has become a danger to sea animals. Some animals, such as whales, eat it by mistake and die. The former "hero" kills more than 100,000 sea animals every year. By 2050, there could be even more plastic in the sea than fish. Plastic is also causing problems on land. Birds' wings get tied in plastic lines. Bears' heads get stuck in plastic bins. Cows mistake plastic bags for food! Even humans are eating plastic waste! On average, we eat five grams of plastic a week. That's a whole bank card! Tiny pieces of plastic are found in the air we breathe. They can be carried around by the wind. There is even plastic "snow" at the North and South Poles. On "Planet Plastic", nowhere is free from this man-made material. Getting free of plastic waste isn't easy. It may take thousands of years to break down. Therefore, hiding the waste in the ground doesn't solve the problem. Burning it also produces thick smoke that causes air pollution. Plastic is not just causing an environmental problem. It is a matter of life and death for humans and for the future of our planet. Everyone knows that there is no Planet B. Let's go plastic-free! 当塑料在1870年左右被发明时，它被认为是一种神奇的材料。它轻便、易于成型、耐用且便宜。它迅速取代了木材和其他天然材料。许多人相信塑料会让生活更美好。那时它被称为“环境英雄”！ 毫不奇怪，塑料现在已经充斥了我们的生活。我们可以在袋子、瓶子、牙刷、手套、手机、汽车、房屋……只要你能说出的东西里都能发现它。它当然很方便，有成千上万种用途。尽管如此，它还是缓慢而无声地露出了它黑暗的一面。塑料垃圾在20世纪60年代首次出现在海洋中。从那时起，它就成了海洋动物的危险。一些动物，比如鲸鱼，会因误食塑料而死亡。这位曾经的“英雄”每年杀死超过10万只海洋动物。到2050年，海洋中的塑料甚至可能比鱼还多。 塑料也在陆地上造成问题。鸟的翅膀被塑料线缠住。熊的头被卡在塑料垃圾桶里。牛把塑料袋误认为食物！甚至人类也在吃塑料垃圾！我们平均每周吃五克塑料。那相当于一整张银行卡！在我们呼吸的空气中发现了微小的塑料颗粒。它们可以被风带到各处。甚至在南北极都有塑料“雪”。在“塑料星球”上，没有任何地方能摆脱这种人造材料。 摆脱塑料垃圾并不容易。它可能需要数千年才能分解。因此，把垃圾埋在地下并不能解决问题。焚烧它也会产生导致空气污染的浓烟。 塑料不仅仅是造成环境问题。它关乎人类和地球未来的生死存亡。每个人都知道没有第二个地球。让我们远离塑料吧！ 考点二 课文知识解析1 1.invent /ɪnˈvent/ 发明；创造 词汇变形：invent（动词，发明）→ invented（过去式 / 过去分词） → inventing（现在分词）→invention（名词，发明）→ inventor（名词，发明家） 常考短语： invent a new material（发明一种新材料） invent a machine（发明一台机器） 例句：Edison invented the light bulb and changed the world.爱迪生发明了电灯泡，改变了世界。 2.consider /kənˈsɪdə(r)/ 认为；考虑 词汇变形：consider（动词，认为；考虑）→ considered（过去式 / 过去分词）→ considering（现在分词）→ consideration（名词，考虑） 常考短语： be considered as（被认为是） consider doing sth.（考虑做某事） 例句：She is considered one of the best students in our class.她被认为是我们班最优秀的学生之一。 3.amazing /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/ 令人惊叹的；了不起的 词汇变形：amaze（动词，使惊叹）→ amazing（形容词，令人惊叹的→ amazed（形容词，感到惊叹的）→ amazement（名词，惊叹） 常考短语： an amazing discovery（一项惊人的发现） amazing performance（精彩的表现） 例句：The view from the mountain top is amazing.（山顶的景色令人惊叹。） 4.It was + 形容词 + to do sth. 句型 结构：It was + 形容词（light/easy/long-lasting/cheap）+ to do sth. 用法：It 作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语，表 “做某事是…的” 例句：It was difficult to finish the work in such a short time.在这么短的时间内完成这项工作很难。 5.replace /rɪˈpleɪs/ 取代；替换 词汇变形：replace（动词，取代）→ replaced（过去式 / 过去分词）→ replacing（现在分词）→ replacement（名词，替换物） 常考短语： replace A with B（用 B 取代 A）  replace old with new（以旧换新） 例句：We need to replace the broken chair with a new one.我们需要用一把新椅子替换这把坏掉的。 6.fill /fɪl/ 填满；充满 词汇变形：fill（填满）→ filled（过去式 / 过去分词）→ filling（现在分词）→ full（满的） 常考短语： fill one's life（充斥某人的生活） fill with（充满） 例句：The room is filled with the smell of flowers.房间里充满了花香。 7.convenient /kənˈviːniənt/ 方便的；便捷的 词汇变形：convenient（形容词，方便的）→ more convenient（比较级） → most convenient（最高级）→ convenience（名词，方便） 常考短语： convenient for sb.（对某人来说方便） convenient time（方便的时间） 例句：Online shopping is very convenient for busy people.网上购物对忙碌的人来说非常方便。 8.despite /dɪˈspaɪt/ 尽管；不管 词性：介词（后接名词/ 代词 / 动名词，不接从句） 常考短语：despite all this（尽管如此）  despite the rain（尽管下雨） 例句：Despite being tired, she continued to work.尽管很累，她还是继续工作。 9.danger /ˈdeɪndʒə(r)/ 危险；威胁 词汇变形：danger（名词，危险）→ dangerous（形容词，危险的）→ endanger（动词，危及；危害） 常考短语：a danger to（对…… 的威胁） in danger（处于危险中） 例句：Smoking is a great danger to our health.吸烟对我们的健康是极大的威胁。 10.since then   从那以后；自那时起 用法：常用于现在完成时，强调动作从过去持续到现在 例句：He moved to Beijing in 2010 and has lived there since then.他2010 年搬到北京，从那以后就一直住在那里。 11.There could be... 句型 结构：There could be + 名词 + 地点状语 用法：could 表示 “可能”，表推测，意为 “某地可能有某物” 例句：There could be a heavy rain this evening, so take an umbrella.今晚可能会有大雨，所以带把伞吧。 12.get tied 被缠绕；被捆住 词汇变形：tie（动词，捆；系）→ tied（过去式 / 过去分词）→ get tied（被动结构） 常考短语：get tied in（被缠绕在…… 里） tie up（捆起来） 例句：The tree branches got tied in the wires during the storm.暴风雨中，树枝被电线缠绕住了。 13.mistake... for...   把…… 误认为…… 词汇变形：mistake（动词，误解；错误）→ mistook（过去式）→ mistaken（过去分词） 常考短语：mistake A for B（把 A 误认为 B） 例句：I often mistake her for her sister because they look very similar.我经常把她误认为她的姐姐，因为她们长得很像。 14.nowhere 引导的倒装句 结构：Nowhere + be 动词 + 主语 + free from... 用法：nowhere 为否定副词，置于句首时句子用部分倒装，表 “没有任何地方……” 例句：Nowhere in the world can you find such beautiful scenery.世界上没有任何地方能找到如此美丽的景色。 15.It may take + 时间 + to do sth. 句型 结构：It may take + 时间段 + to do sth. 用法：It 作形式主语，may 表示 “可能”，表推测，意为 “做某事可能需要多长时间” 例句：It may take him two months to finish reading this book.他可能需要两个月才能读完这本书。 16.hide /haɪd/ 隐藏；躲藏 词汇变形：hide（动词，隐藏）→ hid（过去式）→ hidden（过去分词） 常考短语：hide in（藏在…… 里），hide from（躲避……） 例句：The little boy hid behind the door and wanted to surprise his mother.小男孩藏在门后，想给妈妈一个惊喜。 17.Not just... （but also）... 句型 结构：主语+ is not just + 名词 /doing sth. （but also + 补充内容） 用法：表示“不仅……（而且……）”，强调递进关系，but also 可省略 例句：He is not just a teacher but also a writer.他不仅是一名老师，还是一名作家。 【即学即练】 1.Plastic ______ around 1870 and it changed people’s life a lot. A. invents   B. invented   C. was invented   D. is invented 2.The new material ______ a “environmental hero” because it was cheap and useful. A. considered as   B. was considered as   C. thinks of   D. is thought of 3.It was ______ to shape plastic into different things, so it became popular quickly. A. easy  B. easily   C. difficulty   D. hard 4.Plastic ______ wood in many fields because it was cheaper. A. replaced with   B. took place   C. replaced   D. instead of 5.Our daily life ______ plastic products—we can see them everywhere. A. is filled with   B. fills with   C. is full with   D. fill of 6.It’s ______ to swim in the sea with plastic waste—we may get hurt. A. danger   B. dangerous   C. safely   D. safe 7.Plastic waste was first found in the oceans in the 1960s, and ______, it has become a big threat to sea life. A. since then   B. from then on  C. just now   D. at once 8.The whale ate the plastic bag ______—it thought it was food. A. by accident   B. by mistake   C. on purpose   D. in fact 9.Some cows ______ plastic bags ______ grass and eat them by mistake. A. mistake; as   B. mistake; for   C. take; as   D. think; for 二．选用方框中的短语填空 long-lasting and cheap ，fill our lives ，a danger to sea animals ，break down，go plastic-free 1. When plastic was invented, it was light, easy to shape, __________. Many people thought it would make life better. 2. Not surprisingly, plastic has now __________. You can find it in bags, bottles, phones, and even cars. 3. Plastic waste has become __________. More than 100,000 sea animals die from it every year. 4. Plastic may take thousands of years to __________, so hiding it in the ground doesn't solve the problem. 5. Everyone should try to __________ to protect the environment. 三．根据课文内容，用正确的词汇完成句子。 1. 塑料轻便、易塑形、耐用且便宜。 Plastic was __________, easy to shape, long-lasting and __________. 2. 自20世纪60年代以来，塑料垃圾已成为海洋动物的一大威胁。 Since the 1960s, plastic waste has become a __________ __________ sea animals. 3. 塑料也在陆地上造成问题。 Plastic is also causing problems __________ __________. 4. 我们平均每周吃下五克塑料——相当于一整张银行卡！ On __________, we eat five grams of plastic a week — that's a whole bank __________! 5. 地球没有备选。让我们告别塑料吧！ There is no Planet B. Let’s __________ __________! 考点三 课文解读2 Reading for writing 1.loudly /ˈlaʊdli/ adv. 响亮地，大声地 2.village /ˈvɪlɪdʒ/ n. 乡村，村庄 3.noisy /ˈnɔɪzi/ adj. 喧闹的；吵闹的 4.reporter /rɪˈpɔːtə/ n. 记者 5.depth /depθ/ n. 深，深度 6.weight /weɪt/ n. 重物 7.businessman /ˈbɪznəsmæn/ n. 商人；企业家 8.truck /trʌk/ n. 货车，卡车 9.industrial /ɪnˈdʌstriəl/ adj. 工业的 10.litter /ˈlɪtə/ n. 垃圾，废弃物 11.peace /piːs/ n. 和平；平静，安宁 12.business /ˈbɪznəs/ n. 商业 课文对译解读2 Reading for writing Hey! Come on out! The next day, the village became busy and noisy with activity. Reporters and scientists came from the city. One reporter tried to find out the hole's depth by lowering a weight into it. The rope wasn't long enough. A scientist played loud noises into the hole and listened for them coming back. They didn't. "Fill in the hole," she simply suggested. "Let me have that hole. I'll fill it in for you," offered a businessman. The businessman started a hole-filling company. Trucks full of industrial waste came from far and wide. At first, this worried the villagers, but the waste all disappeared down the hole. The company grew and the village built a road leading to the hole. Next, people threw dead animals and litter in the hole. No matter what dirty things people threw, the hole took them all. The hole gave peace of mind to everyone. No one thought about the results of their actions. The hole cleaned the city, and the sea and sky became as clear as glass. Everyone became proud of their city. Businesses created tall new buildings, throwing any waste into the hole. One day, a worker was on top of a building. Suddenly, he heard a strange cry from the clear blue sky: "Hey! Come on out!" The worker shook his head. He thought the voice must be his imagination. Then he saw a stone fall from the sky. 第二天，村子里变得繁忙而喧闹。记者和科学家从城里赶来。一位记者试图通过往洞里放重物来测量洞的深度。绳子不够长。一位科学家朝洞里发出巨大的声响，然后倾听回声。但没有回声。“把洞填上吧，”她简单地建议道。 “把那个洞给我吧。我来替你填上，”一位商人主动说。 这位商人开办了一家填洞公司。满载工业废料的卡车从四面八方源源不断地开来。起初，这让村民们感到担心，但所有的废料都消失在洞里了。公司发展起来，村子里修了一条通往洞的路。接着，人们把死去的动物和垃圾扔进洞里。无论人们扔进去什么脏东西，这个洞都接收了它们。 这个洞让每个人都安心了。没有人想过自己行为的结果。这个洞清洁了城市，大海和天空变得像玻璃一样清澈。每个人都为他们的城市感到自豪。 商家们建起了崭新的高楼，把任何垃圾都扔进洞里。一天，一个工人站在一栋楼的顶部。突然，他听到晴朗的蓝天上传来一声奇怪的呼喊： “嘿！出来吧！” 工人摇了摇头。他以为那声音一定是自己的幻觉。然后他看到一块石头从天上掉下来。 考点四 课文知识解析2 1.discuss /dɪˈskʌs/ 讨论；商议 词汇变形：discuss（动词，讨论；商议）→ discussed（过去式 / 过去分词）→ discussing（现在分词）→discussion（名词，讨论） 常考短语：discuss what to do（讨论该做什么）discuss sth. with sb.（与某人讨论某事） 例句：We need to discuss the plan carefully before making a decision.做决定前，我们需要仔细讨论这个计划。 2.pick up   捡起；接；偶然学会 词汇变形：pick（动词，捡起；采摘）→ picked（过去式 / 过去分词） 常考短语：pick up a stone（捡起一块石头） pick up sb.（接某人） pick up a language（偶然学会一门语言） 例句：She picked up a book from the floor and put it on the desk.她从地上捡起一本书，放在了桌子上。 3.busy and noisy繁忙喧闹的 词汇变形：busy（形容词，忙碌的）→ busier（比较级）→ busiest（最高级）noise（名词，噪音）→ noisy（形容词，吵闹的）→ noisier（比较级）→ noisiest（最高级） 常考短语：busy and noisy with activity（热闹非凡、人声鼎沸） a busy and noisy street（繁忙喧闹的街道） 例句：The market is busy and noisy early in the morning.一大早，市场就热闹非凡、人声鼎沸。 4.scientist /ˈsaɪəntɪst/ 科学家 词汇变形：science（名词，科学）→ scientific（形容词，科学的）→ scientist（名词，科学家）→ scientists（复数） 常考短语：a famous scientist（著名科学家）environmental scientist（环境科学家） 例句：The scientist spent years researching a new energy source.这位科学家花了数年时间研究一种新能源。 5.find out 查明；发现 词汇变形：find（动词，找到；发现）→ found（过去式 / 过去分词） 常考短语：find out the depth（查明深度）find out the truth（查明真相） 例句：We need to find out who broke the window.我们需要查明是谁打破了窗户。 6.weight /weɪt/ 重量；重物 词汇变形：weigh（动词，称重）→ weight（名词，重量；重物）→ weights（复数）→weighty（形容词，沉重的；重要的） 常考短语：a heavy weight（重物）lose weight（减肥）put on weight（增重） 例句：The weight of the box is too heavy for me to carry.这个箱子太重了，我搬不动。 7.offer /ˈɒfə(r)/ 主动提出；提供；提议；报价 词汇变形：offer（动词，主动提出；提供；名词，提议；报价）→ offered（过去式/ 过去分词）→ offering（现在分词） 常考短语：offer to do sth.（主动提出做某事）offer help（提供帮助） accept an offer（接受提议） 例句：He offered to drive us to the station.他主动提出开车送我们去车站。 8.worry /ˈwʌri/ 担心；担忧 词汇变形：worry（动词 / 名词，担心；担忧）→ worried（过去式 / 过去分词；形容词，担忧的）→ worrying（现在分词；形容词，令人担忧的） 常考短语：feel worried（感到忧心忡忡）worry about sth.（担心某事） 例句：She is worried about her son's safety.她担心儿子的安全。 9.disappear /ˌdɪsəˈpɪə(r)/ 消失 词汇变形：appear（动词，出现）→ disappear（动词，消失）→ disappeared（过去式/ 过去分词）→disappearance（名词，消失） 常考短语：disappear down the hole（消失在洞里） disappear without a trace（消失得无影无踪） 例句：The sun disappeared behind the clouds.太阳消失在云层后面。 10.grow /ɡrəʊ/ 发展；生长；变得 词汇变形：grow（动词，发展；生长；变得）→ grew（过去式）→ grown过去分词）→ growth（名词，成长；发展） 常考短语：the company grew（公司规模扩大）grow quickly（快速发展）  grow up（长大） 例句：The small shop grew into a large supermarket in ten years.这家小商店十年间发展成了大型超市。 11.dead animal   死动物 词汇变形：die（动词，死亡）→ dead（形容词，死亡的）→ death（名词，死亡）animal（名词，动物）→ animals（复数） 常考短语：throw dead animals（扔死动物）a dead bird（一只死鸟） 例句：The farmer buried the dead animal to prevent disease.农夫把死动物埋了，以防疾病传播。 12.no matter what 无论什么 常考短语：no matter what（无论什么） no matter where（无论哪里） no matter how（无论怎样） 例句：No matter what happens, I will stand by you.无论发生什么，我都会支持你。 13.peace of mind   内心平静；安心 词汇变形：peace（名词，平静；和平）→ peaceful（形容词，平静的；和平的）mind（名词，心思；头脑） 常考短语：give peace of mind（让人放下心来）have peace of mind（内心平静） 例句：Knowing that the children are safe gives her peace of mind.知道孩子们安全，她才放下心来。 14.result /rɪˈzʌlt/ 结果；导致 词汇变形：result（名词，结果；动词，导致）→ results（复数 / 第三 称单数）→ resulted（过去式 / 过去分词） 常考短语：the results of their actions（他们行为的后果） as a result（结果）result from（由…… 导致） 例句：We must consider the possible results before acting.行动前，我们必须考虑可能的后果。 15.be proud of 为…… 感到骄傲；自豪 词汇变形：proud（形容词，骄傲的；自豪的）→ prouder（比较级）→ proudest（最高级）→ pride（名词，骄傲；自豪） 常考短语：be proud of their city（为他们的城市感到骄傲） be proud of sb.'s achievement（为某人的成就感到自豪） 例句：She is proud of her son for winning the competition.她为儿子赢得比赛感到骄傲。 【即学即练】 一．单项选择 1.The teachers ______ the plan of holding a "No Plastic" activity in the class meeting yesterday. A. discuss   B. discusses   C. discussed   D. are discussing 2.Please ______ the plastic bottles on the ground and put them into the recycling bin. A. pick up it   B. pick it up   C. pick up them   D. pick them up 3.The students are doing a ______ experiment to test how long plastic takes to break down. A. science   B. scientific   C. scientifically   D. scientist 4.We need to ______ why plastic pollution is more serious in some coastal areas. A. find   B. find out   C. look for   D. discover 5.This kind of biodegradable plastic has a light ______ and is easy to carry. A. weigh   B. weight   C. weighing   D. weighed 6.Tom ______ help clean the plastic litter in the park when he saw the volunteers working hard. A. offered to   B. offered doing   C. offers to   D. offers doing 二．选用方框中的短语填空 throw away ， fill in ，disappear down ，give peace of mind，as clear as glass 1. The businessman started a company to __________ the hole with industrial waste. 2. No matter what people __________ the hole, it took everything. 3. The hole __________ to everyone because they no longer worried about waste. 4. After the hole cleaned the city, the sea and sky became __________. 5. Trucks of waste came from far and wide, and everything would __________ the hole. 三．根据故事内容，用正确的词汇完成句子。 1. 村民们发现地上有一个神秘的洞。 The villagers discovered a __________ hole in the __________. 2. 商人们开着装满工业废物的卡车从四面八方赶来。 Trucks __________ of industrial waste came from far and __________. 3. 无论人们往洞里扔什么，洞都会把它们全部吞没。 No matter what dirty things people __________, the hole __________ them all. 4. 每个人都为自己的城市感到骄傲。 Everyone became __________ of their __________. 5. 工人摇了摇头，以为那个声音一定是他的想象。 The worker __________ his head. He thought the __________ must be his imagination. 一．完形填空 从每小题 A、B、C、D 中选出一个能填入句中空白处的最佳答案。 In 2026, more and more schools in China start the “Plastic-Free Campus” activity. It is a meaningful action to 1 our environment. As junior high school students, we should take an active part in it. At our school, we stop using disposable (一次性的) plastic products. We bring our own reusable water bottles 2 of buying plastic ones. In the dining hall, we use cloth bags instead of plastic bags to hold our food. Our teachers tell us that plastic can take hundreds of years to 3 , which is very bad for the earth. Last month, our class held a “No Plastic” poster design competition (设计大赛). Everyone 4 their best to make beautiful posters. Some posters show how plastic pollutes our rivers and soil. Others tell students how to 5 plastic in daily life. Through this activity, we know more about the 6 of protecting the environment. Now, more and more students join the activity. We often pick up plastic rubbish around the school and 7 it into different bins. We also tell our parents to use fewer plastic products at home. It’s amazing to see that our school becomes 8 and cleaner day by day. The “Plastic-Free Campus” activity is not just a campaign. It helps us form good habits and teaches us to 9 our earth. We believe that if everyone does a little, our world will become a 10 place to live in. 1．A．protect B．harm C．change D．describe 2．A．because B．instead C．together D．such 3．A．break down B．turn on C．take off D．put up 4．A．tried B．made C．came D．gave 5．A．use B．avoid C．buy D．collect 6．A．difficulty B．happiness C．importance D．difference 7．A．divide B．throw C．keep D．take 8．A．dirtier B．greener C．darker D．colder 9．A．care for B．look for C．ask for D．wait for 10．A．worse B．harder C．better D．smaller 二．阅读理解 A Li Jin was born in Guangxi but grew up in Sanya, Hainan. Li has worked hard to protect the waters of Sanya for many years. He is now sharing knowledge of environmental protection. He does this through the Internet. Around 2014, he began doing volunteer work to clear rubbish from the beaches. Li took the lead in a clean-up activity on the Sanya River. In April 2021, he used his own money to set up a volunteer service centre. The centre has 1,170 volunteers who do all kinds of activities. So far, he has spent about 3,800 hours on volunteer activities. Since he started, he has helped out at over 550 events. More than 2,300 people have joined in the activities with his encouragement. They have made both adults and children realize the importance of protecting the ocean and beaches. His centre has organized 51 beach-cleaning activities since he set it up. In 2021, the city government invited Li Jin to make a number of short videos. In the videos, he used simple words to explain how to protect the environment. Several of the videos are very popular and people have watched them millions of times. “Although many people speak highly of my work, what I have done is not for being famous. I just want to make a difference to environmental protection. It is everyone’s duty to protect the environment, so I will continue doing the environmental protection work,” he said. 11．How does Li Jin share the knowledge of environmental protection? A．In the newspaper. B．On TV. C．Through the Internet. D．By writing. 12．What is the right order of the following events according to the passage? ①Li Jin set up a volunteer service centre.     ②Li Jin made a number of short videos. ③Li Jin began to clear rubbish.     ④Li Jin took the lead in a clean-up activity. A．④②③① B．③①④② C．①④③② D．③④①② 13．Which of the following best describes Li Jin? A．Serious and outgoing. B．Rich and smart. C．Hard-working and responsible (有责任心的). D．Shy and quiet. 14．What’s the writer trying to do in the passage? A．Introduce the beautiful Sanya. B．Show Li Jin’s life in Sanya. C．Teach people how to make short videos. D．Encourage people to protect the environment. 15．Which is the right structure of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1,...) A．B．C． D． B Environmental protection has become a hot topic among teenagers these years. More and more middle school students take part in different kinds of green activities to make a difference to the earth. Linda is an eighth-grader from No. 3 Middle School. She set up a small environmental group with her classmates last term. At first, only five students joined her group. They planned simple activities like picking up rubbish in the community every Saturday morning. Later, their actions drew more students’ attention. Now more than forty students are members of the group. Linda’s group carries out three fixed activities every month. The first activity is waste classification training. They make colorful posters to tell neighbors how to sort kitchen waste, plastic waste and paper waste correctly. The second activity is recycling collection. They collect used books, plastic bottles and waste paper from students and neighbors. The money they get from selling recyclables will be donated to the local animal protection center. The third activity is tree planting. Every spring, they plant young trees on the hills near the town together. At the beginning, some parents didn’t understand their activities. They thought students should spend all spare time on studying instead of doing this “useless” volunteer work. But after watching the changes around their living areas, parents changed their minds. The river beside the community becomes clean again, there are fewer plastic bags on the roads, and more small trees stand on the hills. Many parents even join their volunteer team on weekends. Linda says teenagers can also play an important role in environmental protection. We don’t need to do great big things. Small daily actions matter a lot. Turning off taps when brushing teeth, taking reusable bags while shopping, and riding bikes instead of taking cars can all reduce pollution. If every teenager develops green living habits, the earth will become much better. 16．How many members does Linda’s environmental group have now? A．Five B．Over forty C．Eighty D．One hundred 17．What will they do with the money from recyclables? A．Buy new trees for hill planting B．Make environmental posters C．Give it to animal protection center D．Prepare prizes for group members 18．Which activity is NOT mentioned in the passage? A．Training people to sort rubbish B．Collecting recyclable waste C．Planting trees every spring D．Cleaning factory waste water 19．What’s parents’ attitude towards the group at last? A．They support and join the activities B．They still think it wastes study time C．They refuse to let kids take part in it D．They worry about kids’ safety outside 20．What can we learn from Linda’s words? A．Only big actions can protect the environment B．Teenagers can’t make any difference to the earth C．Small daily green habits are very meaningful D．Environmental work should be left to adults 三．语法填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Voluntary work is an important part of teenagers’ after-school life. In Qiandongnan, more and more students 21 (join) different voluntary teams every year. Last Saturday, I took part in a wildlife protection voluntary activity. The weather was fine and many volunteers 22 (gather) at the forest park gate early in the morning. Our guide told us that many wild animals here are 23 (endanger) and living conditions are getting worse. We first cleaned up rubbish around the woods, then put up signs to remind people 24 (not hurt) small animals. We also gave out leaflets to call on more people 25 (protect) local wildlife. During the activity, I realized that it is our duty 26 (save) endangered animals. We should stop people from 27 (pollute) the natural environment. Also, it is important for us to spread the idea of animal protection in our school and community. Small actions can make a big difference. We believe the natural world will become much 28 (beautiful) if everyone tries their best. More young volunteers should be encouraged 29 (take) part in such meaningful activities. Helping nature is helping 30 (we). 四．任务型阅读 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题，每个题目的答案不超过10个单词。 In January, some special artworks were shown at the Lillian M. Jacobs School in Hull, Massachusetts. The sculptures are made entirely of rubbish collected by sixth-graders! The school lies on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean. In February 2024, the students spent a cold day cleaning up a nearly 1-mile area of Nantasket Beach. They collected more than 40 bags of rubbish. “I often go to the beach and don’t notice the rubbish,” says Derek DeGallo, who is now a seventh-grader. “But when I looked for it, I realized how much there was.” Every year, billions of pounds of rubbish end up in oceans all over the world. The students found many things on the beach, from fishing lines to old shopping carts. Most of it is plastic. This waste makes beaches dirty and can hurt sea animals—many get stuck in the plastic or eat it by mistake, falling ill. After their beach cleanup, the students sorted the rubbish into groups like glass, plastic and foam and counted each piece of rubbish. They sent the data to the Center for Coastal Studies, an organization that helps protect the ocean near Massachusetts. Then, a local artist named Jackie Ranney and the school’s teachers helped the students turn the rubbish into sculptures of fish and other sea creatures, like whales and seahorses. The artworks show people how important it is to take care of the earth. “I hope kids see these artworks and think about how they use plastic,” says Ranney, the local artist. “They might ask themselves, ‘Do I throw away and recycle my rubbish in the right way?’” Derek, now a seventh-grader, feels proud that he and his classmates helped stop rubbish from getting into the ocean. “Our own town’s beaches are wonderful,” he says. “We want to make sure they stay clean.” 31．Why are some artworks shown at the Lillian M. Jacobs School special? 32．What did Derek realize when he collected rubbish? 33．How does rubbish hurt sea animals? 34．What did students do after cleaning the beach? 35．What do you think about the students’ activities? Why? $