专题06 动词不定式作定语&状语-【简语法-暑假自习课】-2026-2027学年英语新高二语法预习 重难点逐项突破（人教版）

暑假 · 重难点突破 专题06动词不定式作定语&状语 新高二英语（人教版） 1. 熟悉“动词不定式作定语&状语”用法 2. 掌握“动词不定式作定语&状语”解题技巧 3. 轻松驾驭“动词不定式作定语&状语”真题 高二英语语法预习 -动词不定式作定语&状语 模块一：动词不定式作定语 分类 具体用法规则 适用场景 高频易错点 不定式作定语，统一放在被修饰名词的后面，无前置用法 修饰抽象名词、具体事物名词、序数词/最高级修饰的名词 混淆非谓语位置，误将不定式定语前置，属于固定语法错误 可表两种逻辑：①名词是动作发出者 ②名词是动作承受者，均表将来未发生 区分不定式（将来未做）、doing（主动进行）、done（被动完成）定语核心场景 时态混淆，将表将来的不定式定语，与表进行/完成的分词定语混用 常接不定式作定语的名词：time, chance, ability, way, plan, decision, desire等 高考高频固定搭配名词，几乎全部后置接to do作定语 随意替换非谓语形式，上述名词后不接doing/done作定语，极易失分 经典例句 1. I have no time to take part in the weekend party. 我没有时间参加周末的派对。 2. She has a good chance to win the national English competition. 她有很大机会赢得全国英语竞赛。 3. This is the best way to solve this difficult problem. 这是解决这道难题的最好方法。 模块二：动词不定式作定语-解题技巧 分类 核心解题步骤 解题判断依据 考场秒杀技巧 定位空格位于名词后，无连词、无谓语功能，优先判定为后置定语 名词后空格、修饰限定名词、补充名词信息，为定语成分 名词后面修饰、表未来动作，直接优先锁定to do不定式 判断动作状态，区分未发生将来、正在进行、已经完成三种时态 将来未发生→to do；主动进行→doing；被动完成→done 题干含“将要、计划、有待”含义，直接选不定式作定语 快速识别高频适配名词，直接套用不定式定语固定搭配 见到time/chance/way/ability/plan等名词，优先考虑to do 熟记高频名词清单，考场直接秒选，无需反复分析 模块三：动词不定式作状语 分类 具体用法规则 适用场景 高频易错点 ①目的状语：表动作目的，可置于句首/句末；②结果状语：表意外结果；③原因状语：表情绪产生原因 目的状语为核心考点，广泛用于写作、语法填空、改错题型 混淆不定式结果状语与doing结果状语，不定式多表意外结果 目的状语句首需逗号隔开，句末无需逗号；结果、原因状语多置于句末 多用于简化目的状语从句，替换in order to / so as to结构 句首目的状语遗漏逗号，句式结构不规范，书写扣分 不定式逻辑主语必须与主句主语一致，主语为不定式动作的发出者 所有不定式作状语句型，统一遵循主语一致原则 悬垂不定式错误，逻辑主语与主句主语不一致，为高频改错考点 经典例句 1. 目的状语：He got up early to catch the first school bus. 他早起是为了赶上第一班校车。 2. 结果状语：He hurried to the station, only to find the train had left. 他赶到车站，结果发现火车已经开走了。 3. 原因状语：I am glad to hear the good news from you. 我很高兴听到你带来的好消息。 模块四：动词不定式作状语-解题技巧 分类 核心解题步骤 解题判断依据 考场秒杀技巧 确认主句已有完整主谓宾，空格无谓语功能，仅作修饰状语 一句一谓语，无连词连接新谓语，空格为非谓语状语 完整主句+空格修饰，优先判断非谓语状语结构 结合句意区分目的、结果、原因三大核心状语语义 表目的性、计划性→目的状语；表意外结局→结果状语 90%考题为目的状语，表“为了”直接选to do 熟记only to do 表意外结果、adj.+to do 表原因两大特殊句式 看到only后接非谓语、情绪形容词后接非谓语，锁定不定式 only to do 固定表意外结果，为考场专属秒杀句式 一：单句语法填空题 1. She has made a decision ___________ (study) abroad in the coming summer vacation. 2. We must work hard ___________ (improve) our overall academic grades. 3. There is no need ___________ (worry) about my daily life and safety at school. 4. He rushed to the playground ___________ (find) his favorite ball had been lost. 5. I have no enough time ___________ (prepare) for the upcoming English test. 6. All students stayed after school ___________ (finish) their group project together. 7. This is a good chance ___________ (show) your personal talent and ability. 8. She was very surprised ___________ (hear) such a terrible piece of news. 9. We need a new way ___________ (solve) this complex practical problem. 10. He practices spoken English every day ___________ (make) himself understood. 11．The next space station ___________ (build) will be completed in 2028. 12．He is the first person ___________ (arrive) at the airport. 13．She felt an overwhelming desire ___________ (return) home, eager to escape from the tiredness and loneliness. 14．Many countries have plans ___________(further) study planets like Mars and Jupiter. 15．With so many problems (solve), the new government faces great challenges. 16．The policies (pass) will benefit the farmers a lot. 17．There are still many unknowns (discover) in the deep space. 18．The center provides courses with the intention (raise) students’ critical thinking. 19．He was the first (rush) out of the burning flat. 20．The manager called (confirm) that the meeting will be held in the main conference room. 21．The team worked day and night (obtain) the final approval. 22．I looked at the map (refresh) my memory of the road. 23．This motivated him to rush between photo spots (make) the most of the conditions. 24．He hurried to the station in panic, only (tell) the train had left. 25．He hurried to the airport, only (find) the star had left. 26．The rope was plenty long enough (reach) the ground. 27．All the other students were curious (know) why the teacher praised me. 28．The boy was very pleased (see) his parents. 29．She was delighted (receive) your letter. 30．Sorry ( disturb) you, but can I talk to you for a minute? 二、完成句子 1．因为读书节临近，我写信向你推荐一幅画，可以用在宣传册中提醒学生们阅读的快乐。 Since the Reading Festival is around the corner, I’m writing to recommend a picture which can be used in the brochure to ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ of reading. 2．出于长期的习惯，他停下来整理床铺。 From ingrained habit he paused to _________ _________ the bed. 3．网络恶霸使用互联网来欺负别人。 A cyberbully uses the Internet _________ _________ __________ _________ others. 4．为了充分发挥你的潜能，利用我们学校的资源对你来说很重要。 To___________, it is important for you ____________ 5．超过30万来自世界各地的人，来到美国寻找财富，使旧金山迅速成为一个大城市。 Over 300,000 people came from all over the world to____________ ____________ ____________ in the US, making San Francisco quickly become a big city. 6．为了赶上早班车，他五点钟就起床了。 ___________ ___________ the early bus, he got up at 5 o'clock. 7．几百年过去了，在掌握最新技术的情况下，贸易的需要和增进关系的愿望将推动中国在遥远的未来跨越海洋。 Hundreds of years on, and with the latest technology ____________  ____________, the need to trade and the desire to ____________  ____________will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future. 8．为了弄清楚你是否需要在生活中结交更多朋友，心理学家玛丽莎·佛朗哥建议你问问自己：“我感到孤独吗?” ___________ ___________ ___________ whether you need more friends in your life, psychologist Marisa Franco recommends asking yourself, “Do I feel lonely?” 9．每个人都知道保罗非常努力，有强烈的欲望为球队做出贡献。 Everyone knew Paul was someone who worked really __________ and had a strong __________  __________ play for the team. 10．世界各地三十多万人蜂拥而至，在这里谋出路，旧金山迅速成为一座大都市。 Over 300,000 people came from all over the world to ___________ ___________ ___________, and San Francisco quickly became a big city. 11．那栋待粉刷的房子是我叔叔的。 The house ___________ ___________ ___________ belongs to my uncle. 12．对于你的能够影响到你的家庭，社区和我们的国家的能力，我有信心。 I have confidence in your ability to ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ your family, community and our country. 13．一些科学家决定要帮助人类实现探索太空的梦想。 Some scientists were determined to help humans realize their dream ___________ ___________ space. 14．令人垂涎欲滴的四川火锅，闻名海内外，那火锅的风味足以温暖隆冬的寒夜，或在夏日的午后让人汗流如注。 The mouth-watering hot pots of Sichuan are as famous overseas as they are in China, and the hot flavour is enough to heat up a cold midwinter evening or ___________ ___________ ___________ rivers of sweat on a summer afternoon. 15．你将有机会获得丰富的知识，享受个人成长。 You will __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________and enjoy personal growth. 三、语法填空 Passage 1 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 November 11, known as “Singles Day”, has grown into China’s and possibly the world’s 1 (busy) online shopping day. Singles Day 2 (create) by Chinese college students in the 1990s as 3 version of Valentine’s Day for people without romantic partners. On that day, unattached young people would treat each other to dinner or give gifts to chase that special someone 4 (end) their single status. That gift-giving helped to turn 5 into a major shopping event as sellers saw a marketing opportunity and launched Singles Day sales. It is China’s 6 (respond) to Cyber Monday in the US, the day after Thanksgiving weekend,   7 online shopping for Christmas begins. Last year, 8 (businessman) on Taobao and Tmall.com took in about $3 billion on Singles Day. This figure exceeded the total of $1.25 billion that U.S. online business earned on Cyber Monday, 9 (make) Singles Day the biggest e­commerce sales day on record. China has the biggest population of online users in the world, 10 about 538 million people online. Now, it follows the U.S. and Japan in online spending and is forecasted to rise to first place as early as Passage 2 One evening 18,000 BC, Lala turned for home with her collections of nuts and fruits. A feast was waiting for her, 1 was a family reunion after a long 2 （ separate）. How excited she was to meet her husband, Dahu, again!  Having heard wolves howling in the forest, Lala accelerated her steps 3 （ fear） there might be wild beasts lying in wait for her. She had almost reached her destination 4 a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped. The smell of meat filled the air and her senses became dizzy 5 hunger. She saw the great dinner was well 6 （ prepare）  . The family were doing their own duties and Dahu, with 7 （ strong ） pronounced eyebrows and cheekbones, 8 （ sharpen ） his tools. The first guests 9 （ arrive） for dinner were all from the neighbouring caves. Lala's  spirits 10 （ rise）. She smiled to herself gaily and went out of the cave to welcome her friends and neighbours. 6 / 6乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $暑假 · 重难点突破 专题06动词不定式作定语&状语 新高二英语（人教版） 1. 熟悉“动词不定式作定语&状语”用法 2. 掌握“动词不定式作定语&状语”解题技巧 3. 轻松驾驭“动词不定式作定语&状语”真题 高二英语语法预习 -动词不定式作定语&状语 模块一：动词不定式作定语 分类 具体用法规则 适用场景 高频易错点 1：位置规则 不定式作定语只能后置，统一放在被修饰名词的后面，无前置用法 修饰抽象名词、具体事物名词、序数词/最高级修饰的名词 混淆非谓语位置，误将不定式定语前置，属于固定语法错误 2：逻辑关系 可表两种逻辑：①名词是动作发出者 ②名词是动作承受者，均表将来未发生 区分不定式（将来未做）、doing（主动进行）、done（被动完成）定语核心场景 时态混淆，将表将来的不定式定语，与表进行/完成的分词定语混用 3：固定搭配名词 常接不定式作定语的名词：time, chance, ability, way, plan, decision, desire等 高考高频固定搭配名词，几乎全部后置接to do作定语 随意替换非谓语形式，上述名词后不接doing/done作定语，极易失分 经典例句 1. I have no time to take part in the weekend party. 我没有时间参加周末的派对。 2. She has a good chance to win the national English competition. 她有很大机会赢得全国英语竞赛。 3. This is the best way to solve this difficult problem. 这是解决这道难题的最好方法。 模块二：动词不定式作定语-解题技巧 分类 核心解题步骤 解题判断依据 考场秒杀技巧 1：判成分 定位空格位于名词后，无连词、无谓语功能，优先判定为后置定语 名词后空格、修饰限定名词、补充名词信息，为定语成分 名词后面修饰、表未来动作，直接优先锁定to do不定式 2：判时态 判断动作状态，区分未发生将来、正在进行、已经完成三种时态 将来未发生→to do；主动进行→doing；被动完成→done 题干含“将要、计划、有待”含义，直接选不定式作定语 3：判固定词 快速识别高频适配名词，直接套用不定式定语固定搭配 见到time/chance/way/ability/plan等名词，优先考虑to do 熟记高频名词清单，考场直接秒选，无需反复分析 模块三：动词不定式作状语 分类 具体用法规则 适用场景 高频易错点 1：语义分类 ①目的状语：表动作目的，可置于句首/句末；②结果状语：表意外结果；③原因状语：表情绪产生原因 目的状语为核心考点，广泛用于写作、语法填空、改错题型 混淆不定式结果状语与doing结果状语，不定式多表意外结果 2：位置规则 目的状语句首需逗号隔开，句末无需逗号；结果、原因状语多置于句末 多用于简化目的状语从句，替换in order to / so as to结构 句首目的状语遗漏逗号，句式结构不规范，书写扣分 3：逻辑主语 不定式逻辑主语必须与主句主语一致，主语为不定式动作的发出者 所有不定式作状语句型，统一遵循主语一致原则 悬垂不定式错误，逻辑主语与主句主语不一致，为高频改错考点 经典例句 1. 目的状语：He got up early to catch the first school bus. 他早起是为了赶上第一班校车。 2. 结果状语：He hurried to the station, only to find the train had left. 他赶到车站，结果发现火车已经开走了。 3. 原因状语：I am glad to hear the good news from you. 我很高兴听到你带来的好消息。 模块四：动词不定式作状语-解题技巧 分类 核心解题步骤 解题判断依据 考场秒杀技巧 1：判主干 确认主句已有完整主谓宾，空格无谓语功能，仅作修饰状语 一句一谓语，无连词连接新谓语，空格为非谓语状语 完整主句+空格修饰，优先判断非谓语状语结构 2：判语义 结合句意区分目的、结果、原因三大核心状语语义 表目的性、计划性→目的状语；表意外结局→结果状语 90%考题为目的状语，表“为了”直接选to do 3：判句式 熟记only to do 表意外结果、adj.+to do 表原因两大特殊句式 看到only后接非谓语、情绪形容词后接非谓语，锁定不定式 only to do 固定表意外结果，为考场专属秒杀句式 一：单句语法填空题 1. She has made a decision ________ (study) abroad in the coming summer vacation. 【答案】to study 【详解】名词decision后接不定式作后置定语，表“将要做出的决定”，属于固定名词搭配，故填to study。 2. We must work hard ________ (improve) our overall academic grades. 【答案】to improve 【详解】不定式置于句末作目的状语，表努力学习的目的是提升成绩，主句主语与improve为主动关系，故填to improve。 3. There is no need ________ (worry) about my daily life and safety at school. 【答案】to worry 【详解】固定句式there is no need to do sth.，不定式作后置定语修饰名词need，故填to worry。 4. He rushed to the playground ________ (find) his favorite ball had been lost. 【答案】to find 【详解】only to do 省略结构，不定式作结果状语，表匆忙赶到操场却发现球丢了的意外结果，故填to find。 5. I have no enough time ________ (prepare) for the upcoming English test. 【答案】to prepare 【详解】名词time后接不定式作后置定语，修饰time，表“用来准备考试的时间”，故填to prepare。 6. All students stayed after school ________ (finish) their group project together. 【答案】to finish 【详解】不定式作目的状语，说明学生放学后留下的目的是完成小组作业，逻辑主语一致，故填to finish。 7. This is a good chance ________ (show) your personal talent and ability. 【答案】to show 【详解】高频固定名词chance后接不定式作后置定语，表“展示能力的机会”，故填to show。 8. She was very surprised ________ (hear) such a terrible piece of news. 【答案】to hear 【详解】形容词后不定式作原因状语，表惊讶的原因是听到坏消息，为固定用法，故填to hear。 9. We need a new way ________ (solve) this complex practical problem. 【答案】to solve 【详解】名词way后接不定式作后置定语，是高考高频固定搭配，表“解决问题的方法”，故填to solve。 10. He practices spoken English every day ________ (make) himself understood. 【答案】to make 【详解】不定式作目的状语，表每天练习口语的目的是让自己被听懂，符合主句逻辑，故填to make。 11．The next space station ________ (build) will be completed in 2028. 【答案】to be built 【详解】句意：下一个将要建造的空间站将于2028年完工。空处作space station的后置定语，是非谓语，build“建造”和space station逻辑上是被动关系，且结合“will be completed in 2028”可知，动作当时未发生，应用build的不定式被动语态to be built。 12．He is the first person ________ (arrive) at the airport. 【答案】to arrive 【详解】句意：他是第一个到达机场的人。当中心名词被序数词、the last、the only等修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语，person前面有the first，表示“第一个做某事的人”，所以用动词不定式作后置定语。 13．She felt an overwhelming desire ________ (return) home, eager to escape from the tiredness and loneliness. 【答案】to return 【详解】句意：她心中涌起一股强烈的回家渴望，想要摆脱疲惫与孤独。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配a desire to do sth.，表“做某事的渴望”，用动词不定式to return作后置定语，符合语境。 14．Many countries have plans ________(further) study planets like Mars and Jupiter. 【答案】to further 【详解】句意：许多国家都制定了进一步研究火星、木星这类行星的计划。have plans to do sth.意为“有做某事的计划”，本句用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰前文的抽象名词plans。 further作副词表示“进一步地”，本句中further作副词修饰动词原形study(研究)，不需要改变词形，只需要补充不定式符号to构成不定式结构，因此最终填to further。 15．With so many problems (solve), the new government faces great challenges. 【答案】to solve 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：面对如此多需要解决的问题，新政府面临巨大的挑战。本句为with的复合结构，表示动作还未发生，用不定式做宾语补足语。故填to solve。 16．The policies (pass) will benefit the farmers a lot. 【答案】to be passed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：即将通过的政策将使农民受益匪浅。此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词policies，结合句意可知，政策还未通过，应用动词不定式表将来，且动词pass和policies之间是被动关系，应用动词不定式的被动形式to be done。故填to be passed。 17．There are still many unknowns (discover) in the deep space. 【答案】to discover 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：深空之中还有许多未知事物有待探索。空处作后置定语修饰unknowns，用不定式的主动形式to discover表被动含义，表“有待被发现”，符合语境。故填to discover。 18．The center provides courses with the intention (raise) students’ critical thinking. 【答案】to raise 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该中心开设的课程旨在提高学生的批判性思维。名词intention后常跟动词不定式作后置定语，表示“做某事的意图/打算”，因此用raise“提高”的不定式形式。故填to raise。 19．He was the first (rush) out of the burning flat. 【答案】to rush 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他是第一个冲出着火公寓的人。此处为固定句型“the+序数词+to do sth.”表示“第几个做某事的人”，所以此处使用动词不定式的形式作定语。故填to rush。 20．The manager called (confirm) that the meeting will be held in the main conference room. 【答案】to confirm 【详解】句意：经理打电话来确认会议将在主会议厅举行。call是句子的谓语动词，这里用不定式to confirm作目的状语，说明经理打电话的目的。 21．The team worked day and night (obtain) the final approval. 【答案】to obtain 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：这个团队日夜工作，为了获得最终批准。本句谓语为worked，此处为非谓语动词，作目的状语，表示“为了获得最终批准”，用动词不定式to obtain 。故填to obtain。 22．I looked at the map (refresh) my memory of the road. 【答案】to refresh 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我看了看地图，以唤起我对这条路的记忆。句中已有谓语looked，refresh在句中应用非谓语动词形式，结合语意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式形式作目的状语。故填to refresh。 23．This motivated him to rush between photo spots (make) the most of the conditions. 【答案】to make 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这促使他在各个摄影点间奔走，只为充分利用当时的绝佳条件。空处作目的状语，应用make的不定式形式to make。故填to make。 24．He hurried to the station in panic, only (tell) the train had left. 【答案】to be told 【详解】句意：他惊慌失措地匆忙赶到车站，结果却被告知火车已经开走了。only to do为固定用法，表示“出乎意料的结果”，he和tell为被动关系，空处需填动词不定式的被动式to be told，作结果状语。 25．He hurried to the airport, only (find) the star had left. 【答案】to find 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他匆忙赶到机场，结果却发现那位明星已经离开了。hurried在句中作谓语，find为非谓语动词，在句中作结果状语，并且结果与预期相反，用动词不定式，only to do sth.表示出乎预料的结果。故填to find。 26．The rope was plenty long enough (reach) the ground. 【答案】to reach 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这根绳子足够长，能够垂到地面。“be+形容词+enough to do”是固定结构，意为“足够……去做某事”，其中不定式作结果状语，因此用reach“够得到”的不定式形式。故填to reach。 27．All the other students were curious (know) why the teacher praised me. 【答案】to know 【详解】句意：其他学生都很好奇老师为什么表扬我。be curious to do sth.意为“想要做某事”，所以此处应为动词不定式形式，作原因状语。 28．The boy was very pleased (see) his parents. 【答案】to see 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：这个男孩见到他的父母非常高兴。be pleased是一个表示情绪的形容词短语，后面通常接不定式to do sth.来补充说明“高兴”的原因或具体内容，be pleased to do sth.意思是“很高兴做某事”。故填to see。 29．She was delighted (receive) your letter. 【答案】to receive 【详解】考查不定式。句意：她收到你的信很高兴。be delighted to do sth.是固定短语，意为“很高兴做某事”，因此空格处用不定式to receive，作原因状语。故填to receive。 30．Sorry ( disturb) you, but can I talk to you for a minute? 【答案】to disturb 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：很抱歉打扰你，我能和你谈一下吗？分析句子可知，此处为固定短语“be sorry to do sth.”很抱歉做某事。故填to disturb。 二、完成句子 1．因为读书节临近，我写信向你推荐一幅画，可以用在宣传册中提醒学生们阅读的快乐。 Since the Reading Festival is around the corner, I’m writing to recommend a picture which can be used in the brochure to ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ of reading. 【答案】 remind students of the pleasure 【详解】考查动词短语。remind sb of sth“ 提醒某人某物”，根据汉语意思以及空前的“ to（动词不定式的标志）”可知，空处填remind,students,of,the,pleasure。故填remind,students,of,the,pleasure。 2．出于长期的习惯，他停下来整理床铺。 From ingrained habit he paused to ______ ______ the bed. 【答案】 straighten up 【详解】考查固定短语和不定式。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“整理”，是固定短语straighten up，他停下来的目的是整理床铺，空格处用不定式表目的，空前有to，空格处动词用原形，故填straighten；up。 3．网络恶霸使用互联网来欺负别人。 A cyberbully uses the Internet ______ ______ _______ ______ others. 【答案】 to be mean to 【详解】考查非谓语动词。“欺负别人”使用固定短语be mean to others，use sth to do sth“使用某物做某事”，故填①to②be③mean④to。 4．为了充分发挥你的潜能，利用我们学校的资源对你来说很重要。 To________, it is important for you _________ 【答案】 fully realize your potential to make the most of/take advantage of/make use of our school resources 【详解】考查动词不定式和短语。“充分发挥你的潜能”为“ fully realize your potential”，副词fully修饰动词realize，realize后接potential作宾语，动词不定式作目的状语。 it is important for you to do sth“对某人来说做某事是重要的”，it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语，“利用”为“ make the most of/take advantage of/make use of ”,我们学校的资源为“ our            school resources”。故填fully realize your potential，to make the most of/take advantage of/make use of our school resources。 5．超过30万来自世界各地的人，来到美国寻找财富，使旧金山迅速成为一个大城市。 Over 300,000 people came from all over the world to_________ _________ _________ in the US, making San Francisco quickly become a big city. 【答案】 seek their fortune 【详解】考查固定短语。seek one’s fortune意为“寻找财富”，主语为people，所以one's用their，且空前有不定式符号to（不定式作目的状语），故填seek；their；fortune。 6．为了赶上早班车，他五点钟就起床了。 ________ ________ the early bus, he got up at 5 o'clock. 【答案】 In order to catch 【详解】考查不定式。“为了做某事”为“in order to do sth”；“赶上早班车”为“catch the early bus”。不定式做目的状语。故填In order to catch。 7．几百年过去了，在掌握最新技术的情况下，贸易的需要和增进关系的愿望将推动中国在遥远的未来跨越海洋。 Hundreds of years on, and with the latest technology _________  _________, the need to trade and the desire to _________  _________will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future. 【答案】 in hand enhance relationships 【详解】考查固定短语，不定式和名词。对比中英文句子可知，前两空意为“掌握”，后两空意为“增进关系”，“掌握”是in hand，“增进”是enhance，用不定式作desire的后置定语，因此enhance用原形；“关系”是relationship，需用复数，故填in，hand，enhance，relationships。 8．为了弄清楚你是否需要在生活中结交更多朋友，心理学家玛丽莎·佛朗哥建议你问问自己：“我感到孤独吗?” ________ ________ ________ whether you need more friends in your life, psychologist Marisa Franco recommends asking yourself, “Do I feel lonely?” 【答案】 To figure out 【详解】考查目的状语。“为了”常见表达为to do sth.，表示目的。“弄清楚”表达为figure out，这里用To figure out在句首作目的状语，首字母大写。故填To figure out。 9．每个人都知道保罗非常努力，有强烈的欲望为球队做出贡献。 Everyone knew Paul was someone who worked really _______ and had a strong _______  _______ play for the team. 【答案】 hard desire to 【详解】考查形容词、名词和介词。设空处前为动词，副词修饰动词，结合句意，故第一个设空处应用副词hard；have a strong desire to do sth. 有强烈的欲望做某事。第二和第三个设空处应为desire to。故答案为hard desire to 10．世界各地三十多万人蜂拥而至，在这里谋出路，旧金山迅速成为一座大都市。 Over 300,000 people came from all over the world to ________ ________ ________, and San Francisco quickly became a big city. 【答案】 seek their fortune 【详解】考查固定短语。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“谋出路”，是固定短语seek one's fortune，主语300,000 people是复数，因此one's用their，to为不定式符号，因此空格处用动词原形，故填seek，their，fortune。 11．那栋待粉刷的房子是我叔叔的。 The house ________ ________ ________ belongs to my uncle. 【答案】 to be painted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。中英文句子对比可知，空处需表达“待粉刷的”，“house”与“粉刷(paint)”之间是被动关系，且表示 “将要被做”，应用动词不定式的被动形式to be painted作后置定语，修饰house，故填to be painted。 12．对于你的能够影响到你的家庭，社区和我们的国家的能力，我有信心。 I have confidence in your ability to ________ ________ ________ ________ your family, community and our country. 【答案】 make a difference to 【详解】考查不定式及动词短语。根据句意，此处表示“对……产生影响”，可用make a difference to，结合ability to do sth.可知，to为不定式符号，其后接动词原形。故填①make②a③difference④to。 13．一些科学家决定要帮助人类实现探索太空的梦想。 Some scientists were determined to help humans realize their dream ________ ________ space. 【答案】 to explore 【详解】考查动词不定式。根据英汉意思对比可知，本题要翻译“探索太空的”，所填内容作后置定语修饰抽象名词their dream，要用动词不定式结构，表将要，即to explore。故①填to，②填explore。 14．令人垂涎欲滴的四川火锅，闻名海内外，那火锅的风味足以温暖隆冬的寒夜，或在夏日的午后让人汗流如注。 The mouth-watering hot pots of Sichuan are as famous overseas as they are in China, and the hot flavour is enough to heat up a cold midwinter evening or ________ ________ ________ rivers of sweat on a summer afternoon. 【答案】 to let loose 【详解】考查短语。let loose释放； 松开。并列连词or前be enough to可知，用不定式结构。结合句意，故填to let loose。 15．你将有机会获得丰富的知识，享受个人成长。 You will _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______and enjoy personal growth. 【答案】 have the opportunity to gain rich knowledge 【详解】考查时态，不定式和固定短语。表示“有机会做某事”为have the opportunity to do sth.，不定式作后置定语，且结合will可知为一般将来时；表示“获得丰富的知识”为gain rich knowledge。故填have the opportunity to gain rich knowledge。 三、语法填空 Passage 1 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 November 11, known as “Singles Day”, has grown into China’s and possibly the world’s 1 (busy) online shopping day. Singles Day 2 (create) by Chinese college students in the 1990s as 3 version of Valentine’s Day for people without romantic partners. On that day, unattached young people would treat each other to dinner or give gifts to chase that special someone 4 (end) their single status. That gift-giving helped to turn 5 into a major shopping event as sellers saw a marketing opportunity and launched Singles Day sales. It is China’s 6 (respond) to Cyber Monday in the US, the day after Thanksgiving weekend,   7 online shopping for Christmas begins. Last year, 8 (businessman) on Taobao and Tmall.com took in about $3 billion on Singles Day. This figure exceeded the total of $1.25 billion that U.S. online business earned on Cyber Monday, 9 (make) Singles Day the biggest e­commerce sales day on record. China has the biggest population of online users in the world, 10 about 538 million people online. Now, it follows the U.S. and Japan in online spending and is forecasted to rise to first place as early as this year. 【答案】 1．busiest 2．was created 3．a 4．to end 5．it 6．response 7．when 8．businessmen 9．making 10．with 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍“光棍节”及有关事宜。11月11日，被称为“光棍节”，已经成为中国乃至世界上最繁忙的网购日。 1．考查最高级。句意：11月11日，被称为“光棍节”，已经成为中国乃至世界上最繁忙的网购日。此处是形容词最高级，故答案为busiest。 2．考查一般过去时态的被动语态。句意：光棍节是中国大学生在20世纪90年代创造的，是为没有恋人的人设立的情人节。此处Singles Day 和create之间是一种被动关系，且句子指过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态的被动语态，答案为was created。 3．考查不定冠词。句意：光棍节是中国大学生在20世纪90年代创造的，是为没有恋人的人设立的情人节。此处用不定冠词a，结合句意可知答案为a。 4．考查动词不定式。句意：在那一天，为了结束他们的单身状态，单身的年轻人会请对方吃晚饭或送礼物来追求那个特别的人。此处是动词不定式作目的状语，故答案为to end。 5．考查it的用法。句意：由于商家看到了一个营销机会，并在光棍节推出了促销活动，这种送礼行为帮助光棍节变成了一场大型购物活动。此处it指Singles Day，故答案为it。 6．考查名词。句意：这是中国对美国“网络星期一”(Cyber Monday)的回应。“网络星期一”是感恩节周末后的第一天，也是圣诞节网购活动开始的日子。此处China’s是名词所有格，后面用名词形式，故答案为response。 7．考查定语从句。句意：这是中国对美国“网络星期一”(Cyber Monday)的回应。“网络星期一”是感恩节周末后的第一天，也是圣诞节网购活动开始的日子。此处weekend是先行词，指时间，在后面的定语从句中作时间状语，故答案为when。 8．考查名词复数。句意：去年，淘宝和天猫的商家在光棍节的收入约为30亿美元。此处用名词复数，故答案为businessmen。 9．考查现在分词。句意：这一数字超过了美国网络星期一的12.5亿美元收入，使光棍节成为有记录以来最大的电子商务销售日。此处是现在分词做自然的结果状语，故答案为making。 10．考查介词。句意：中国拥有世界上最多的网民，大约有5.38亿网民。此处with“具有，和------在一起”，故答案为with。 【点睛】1.作为结果状语的现在分词短语所表示的都是谓语动词的直接结果，是意料中的结果。比如，（1） He cut off the electricity quickly, preventing an accident.他迅速切断了电源，防止了一起意外事故。“防止了事故”是“切断电源”的直接结果。（2）European football is played in 80 countries, making it the most popular sports in the world.有80个国家踢欧式足球，这使得它成为世界上最流行的体育活动。欧式足球成为世界上最流行的体育活动是众多国家踢欧式足球是直接的意料中的自然而然的结果，决非是出乎意料之外的事。 2. 不定式做结果状语通常表示的是一个未曾料到的不愉快的结果。（1） Tom got to the station only to find the train had gone.汤姆到达车站，却发现火车已经开走了。（2）Marry hurried back only to find her mother dying in the hospital.玛丽匆忙赶了回来，结果却发现她母亲在医院里奄奄一息。 本题第9小题，句意：这一数字超过了美国网络星期一的12.5亿美元收入，使光棍节成为有记录以来最大的电子商务销售日。此处是现在分词做自然的结果状语，故答案为making。Passage 2 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 One evening 18,000 BC, Lala turned for home with her collections of nuts and fruits. A feast was waiting for her, 1 was a family reunion after a long 2 （ separate）. How excited she was to meet her husband, Dahu, again!  Having heard wolves howling in the forest, Lala accelerated her steps 3 （ fear） there might be wild beasts lying in wait for her. She had almost reached her destination 4 a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped. The smell of meat filled the air and her senses became dizzy 5 hunger. She saw the great dinner was well 6 （ prepare）  . The family were doing their own duties and Dahu, with 7 （ strong ） pronounced eyebrows and cheekbones, 8 （ sharpen ） his tools. The first guests 9 （ arrive） for dinner were all from the neighbouring caves. Lala's  spirits 10 （ rise）. She smiled to herself gaily and went out of the cave to welcome her friends and neighbours. 【答案】 1. which 2. separation 3. fearing 4. when 5. with 6. prepared 7. strongly 8. was sharpening 9. to arrive 10. rose 【分析】本文属于故事，讲述原始人的生活场景。 【详解】1. 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，was a family reunion after a long 　　2　　（ separate）为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the feast，从句缺乏主语，故用关系代词which。 2. 考查名词。形容词long修饰名词，故用separation。 3. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，fear作伴随状语，与其逻辑主语Lala为主谓关系，故用现在分词形式fearing。 4. 考查时间状语从句。本句为结构had done sth when刚做完某事突然，故用when。 5. 考查介词。分析句子可知，名词hunger作介词的宾语，故用with hunger 饥饿地，故用with。 6. 考查被动语态。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，prepare与主语dinner为动宾关系，故用被动语态，故用过去分词形式prepared。 7. 考查副词。修饰形容词pronounced用副词，故用strongly。 8. 考查过去进行时。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，sharpen与主语为主谓关系，由于and并列，表示两个动作同时进行，前一句为进行时，则本句也应用进行时，故用was sharpening。 9. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，guests由序数词修饰，后置定语用不定式，故用to arrive。 10. 考查一般过去时。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，rise与主语spirits为主谓关系，陈述过去事情，故用一般过去时rose。 11 / 15乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $