专题05 现在分词作宾补&状语-【简语法-暑假自习课】2026-2027学年英语新高二语法预习 重难点逐项突破（人教版）

暑假 · 重难点突破 专题05现在分词作宾补&状语 新高二英语（人教版） 1. 熟悉“现在分词作宾补&状语”用法 2. 掌握“现在分词作宾补&状语”解题技巧 3. 轻松驾驭“现在分词作宾补&状语”真题 高二英语语法预习 -现在分词作宾语补足语 模块一：现在分词作宾语补足语的用法 维度分类 具体用法规则 适用场景 高频易错点 维度1：句式位置 固定结构：主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语 + doing（宾补），紧跟宾语之后，补充说明宾语状态 用于感官动词、使役动词后的宾语补充成分，是高中核心句式结构 维度2：适配动词 仅用于特定动词后：①感官动词：see/watch/hear/notice/find/observe ②使役动词：have/get/keep 所有需要补充说明宾语即时动作、持续状态的主谓宾句式 随意拓展动词范围，普通动词后不能接doing作宾补，属于固定搭配考点 维度3：逻辑关系 宾语与现在分词为主动、进行关系，宾语是动作的发出者，动作正在发生、持续进行 区分宾补doing（主动进行）与done（被动完成）、do（全过程）的核心场景 混淆三种宾补形式：doing表正在做，do表做全程，done表被做，极易混用失分 经典例句 1. I saw him playing basketball on the playground. 我看见他正在操场上打篮球。 2. The teacher kept us reading English loudly in the morning. 老师让我们早上大声朗读英语。 3. She found the boy crying in the empty classroom. 她发现这个男孩在空教室里哭泣。 模块二：现在分词作状语 维度分类 具体用法规则 适用场景 高频易错点 维度1：位置规则 可置于句首、句中、句末；句首常用逗号隔开，句末多表伴随、结果，无需逗号 用于简化状语从句，替换when/because/if等引导的完整状语从句 语序混乱，随意省略逗号，导致句子结构混乱、逻辑不清 维度2：逻辑主语 现在分词的逻辑主语必须与主句主语一致，主句主语为动作主动发出者 所有现在分词作状语句型，统一遵循“主语一致”核心原则 最易错点：逻辑主语不一致，造成悬垂分词，属于高考高频改错考点 维度3：语义分类 可表5种核心语义：时间、原因、伴随方式、结果、条件，无将来、被动含义 适用于书面句简化、长难句拆分，是写作高级句式核心用法 混淆语义逻辑，无法区分伴随状语与结果状语，导致句意理解偏差 经典例句 1. 时间状语：Walking along the street, I met an old friend. 在街上散步时，我遇见了一位老朋友。 2. 原因状语：Being ill, he didn’t come to school yesterday. 因为生病了，他昨天没来上学。 3. 伴随状语：He sat there, reading a novel quietly. 他坐在那里，安静地看着小说。 4. 结果状语：His parents died, leaving him alone. 他的父母去世了，留下他孤身一人。 模块三：现在分词作宾语补足语-解题技巧 维度分类 核心解题步骤 解题判断依据 考场秒杀技巧 维度1：判动词 快速识别句中谓语是否为感官、使役动词，锁定宾补考查题型 谓语为see/hear/keep/have等固定动词，大概率考查现在分词作宾补 非固定动词直接排除doing宾补用法，快速筛除错误选项 维度2：判逻辑 判断宾语与非谓语动作的关系，区分主动进行、被动完成、完整过程 宾语主动发动作、动作正在持续→选doing；被动选done；全过程选do 题干强调“正在做、持续做”，直接锁定现在分词作宾补 维度3：判句式 验证句子已有完整主谓宾，空格成分仅作补充，不充当主干谓语 句子无残缺主干，空格修饰补充宾语，确定为宾补成分 有主干、补宾语、表主动进行，三步直接判定doing宾补 模块四：现在分词作状语-解题技巧 维度分类 核心解题步骤 解题判断依据 考场秒杀技巧 维度1：判主干 先找主句完整主谓，确认空格非句子主干，仅作修饰成分 句子已有完整谓语，无连词连接第二个谓语，空格为非谓语状语 一句一谓语，无连词必是非谓语，快速锁定状语题型 维度2：判主语 匹配分词动作与主句主语的逻辑关系，判断主动、被动 主句主语主动发出动作→doing；主句主语被动承受→done 主语一致+主动关系，直接选现在分词作状语 维度3：判语义 结合上下文，区分时间、原因、伴随、结果等状语语义 表同步动作为伴随，表因果为原因状语，表后续影响为结果状语 句首多为时间/原因，句末多为伴随/结果，快速判定语义 一：单句语法填空题 1. I saw a group of children ___________ (play) games happily in the community park. 答案：playing 解析：本句为感官动词see + 宾语children + 现在分词作宾补，强调孩子们正在玩耍的持续动作，主动关系，故填playing。 2. ___________ (study) hard every day, he has made great progress in English. 答案：Studying 解析：现在分词置于句首作原因状语，主句主语he与study为主动关系，表“因为努力学习”，故填Studying。 3. The teacher kept us ___________ (practise) speaking English in our daily life. 答案：practising 解析：使役动词keep后接宾语补足语，keep sb. doing sth. 为固定结构，表“让某人持续做某事”，故填practising。 4. He stood by the window, ___________ (watch) the birds flying in the blue sky. 答案：watching 解析：现在分词置于句末作伴随状语，主句主语he与watch为主动关系，表站立的同时伴随观望的动作，故填watching。 5. We found the old man ___________ (sit) alone and reading a newspaper. 答案：sitting 解析：感官动词find后接宾语补足语，强调发现老人正坐着的持续状态，主动关系，用现在分词sitting。 6. ___________ (feel) tired after long work, she went to bed early at night. 答案：Feeling 解析：现在分词作原因状语，主句主语she与feel为主动关系，表“因为感到疲惫”，简化原因状语从句，故填Feeling。 7. The heavy rain lasted all day, ___________ (cause) serious traffic problems. 答案：causing 解析：现在分词置于句末作结果状语，主句主语rain与cause为主动关系，表降雨带来的自然结果，故填causing。 8. I heard my deskmate ___________ (sing) a beautiful song in the classroom. 答案：singing 解析：感官动词hear + 宾语 + 现在分词宾补，强调听到同桌正在唱歌的即时动作，主动进行，故填singing。 9. ___________ (walk) to school every morning, I can enjoy fresh air and sunshine. 答案：Walking 解析：现在分词作时间状语，主句主语I与walk为主动关系，表“每天步行上学时”，简化时间状语从句，故填Walking。 10. The manager had the workers ___________ (work) extra hours to finish the task. 答案：working 解析：使役动词have sb. doing sth. 固定用法，表“让某人持续做某事”，作宾语补足语，故填working。 11．The little child stood at the gate, ___________ (wait) for his parents to pick him up. 答案：waiting 解析：句意：小孩站在门口，等待父母来接他。主语child 与wait为主动伴随关系，用现在分词作状语。 12． ___________ (judge) from his expression, he is very angry. 答案：Judging 解析：句意：从他的表情来看，他非常生气。句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，此处用现在分词作状语，表主动，位于句首，首字母大写，此处是独立主格结构。 13． ___________ (not know) the way to the station, he asked a policeman. 答案：Not knowing 解析：句意：不知道去车站的路，他询问了一位警察。句中已有谓语动词asked，空处用非谓语动词，know和逻辑主语he为主动关系，用现在分词，作状语，not放在现在分词前，位于句首，首字母大写。 14．___________(compare) your handwriting with his, you should see his is better. 答案：Comparing 解析：句意：把你的字与他的比一下，你应该看出他的要更好。空处作状语，compare 与主语 you之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故应现在分词形式，位于句首，首字母应大写。 15．Julia got a good mark in the test, __________ (rank) first in her class. 答案：ranking 解析：句意：朱莉娅在考试中取得了好成绩，在班上排名第一。此处为非谓语动词作状语，补充说明结果；表示上一个句子产生的自然而然的结果，因此用现在分词ranking。 16．I got to the office earlier that day, __________ (catch) the 7:00 train from Paddington. 答案：having caught 解析：考查现在分词。句意：我那天很早就到了办公室，因为赶上了7:00的从paddington来的火车。 现在分词的完成式having caught作状语，表示该动作先于谓语动词got to（到达）这动作完成了，故填having caught. 17．I always read, __________ (use) different voices. 答案：using 解析：句意：我朗读的时候总会变换不同的语气语调。 句子已经有谓语动词“read”，空处需用非谓语动词；动词use与其逻辑主语I之间构成主动关系，故用现在分词形式using作伴随状语。 18．__________ (know) that the competition was put off, the boy sighed in relief. 答案：Knowing 解析：句意：得知比赛推迟后，男孩松了一口气。此处在句中作状语，主语为the boy，与know之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词knowing作状语，且位于句首，故首字母应大写。 19．___________(breath) in the fresh mountain air, she felt all her tiredness fade away. 答案：Breathing 解析：句意：呼吸着山间新鲜的空气，她感到所有的疲惫都烟消云散了。breath为名词“呼吸”，根据空后的in the fresh mountain air可知，这里应用动词breathe，breathe in意为“吸入”。句中已经存在谓语动词felt，因此空格处需要用非谓语动词作伴随状语；breathe的逻辑主语是句子主语she，二者是主动关系，因此用现在分词形式；空格位于句首，首字母需要大写。 20．Not ___________ (make) full preparations, we put off the sports meeting. 答案：having made 解析：句意：由于没有做好充分准备，我们推迟了运动会。此处为非谓语动词作状语。没做好准备发生在主句推迟运动会之前，逻辑主语we与make为主动关系，所以用现在分词的完成式作原因状语，其否定形式：Not having done。 21．I saw him ___________(cross) the street when the car came. 答案：crossing 解析：句意：我看到他正在过马路时车来了。see sb. doing sth.表示看见某人正在做某事，强调动作在汽车驶来这一过去特定时间点正在发生，故填crossing。 22．Don’t leave the baby __________ (cry) alone in the room. 答案：crying 解析：句意：不要让宝宝独自留在房间里哭泣。cry与baby是逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，作宾语补足语，表主动、进行。 23．I heard someone __________ (knock) at the door when I was reading. 答案：knocking 解析：句意：我正在看书的时候，听到有人正在敲门。此处为“hear+宾语+宾补”结构，someone和knock之间是主动关系，且根据when I was reading可知，“敲门”这个动作是在“我看书”这个特定时间段内正在发生的动作，因此需要用现在分词knocking作宾语补足语。 24．When I came in, I noticed a stranger __________ (stand) at the corner. 答案：standing 解析：句意：我进来时，注意到一个陌生人站在街角。notice sb. doing sth.表示“注意到某人正在做某事”，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，作宾语补足语。 25．With temperatures __________(vary) greatly day by day, we should wear more clothes to keep warm. 答案：varying 解析：句意：气温一天天变化很大，我们应该多穿衣服来保暖。这里是“with+宾语+宾补”复合结构，宾语temperatures和动词vary之间是主动关系，用现在分词作宾补。 26．I kept him__________ (wait) for a long time. 答案：waiting 解析：句意：我让他等了很长时间。him与wait为主动关系，用现在分词作宾语补足语。 27．I saw a bird __________ (fly) in the sky. 答案：flying 解析：句意：我看见一只鸟正在天空中飞翔。提示词fly(飞翔)作宾语补足语，且“see sb/sth doing sth”是固定搭配，意为‌“看见某人/某物正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行，故用现在分词flying作宾语补足语。 28．She spotted a beautiful bird __________(fly) in the sky. 答案：flying 解析：句意：她看到一只漂亮的鸟在空中飞翔。spot… doing为固定短语，意为“发现……正在做某事”，因此用fly“飞翔”的现在分词形式flying，作补足语。 29．With final exam __________(approach), I grew increasingly nervous. 答案：approaching 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：随着期末考试临近，我变得越来越紧张。approach(靠近，临近)作with复合结构中宾语补足语，用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语final exam之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填approaching。 30．I observed him __________(chat) with his parents when I passed by his house. ) 答案：chatting 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我路过他家时，看到他正在和父母聊天。此处为“observe+宾语+宾补”结构，chat与宾语之间为主动关系，且表示动作正在进行，所以此处使用现在分词形式作宾补，表示“看到某人正在做某事”。故填chatting。 二、完成句子 1．听到这个好消息，他们情不自禁地笑了起来。 _________ _________ _________ _________ , they couldn’t help laughing. 【答案】 Hearing the good news 【详解】考查非谓语动词。“听到这个消息”是hear the good news，分析句子结构，空白处是分词作时间状语，“hear”与其逻辑主语“they”之间是主动关系，用现在分词，句子第一个单词首字母大写，所以填Hearing the good news。 2．这些天一直在备考，我常常感到压力很大，睡也睡不好。 ________ ________ for the examination these days, I often feel stressed out and can’t sleep well at night. 【答案】 Having prepared 【详解】考查非谓语动词。prepare for“为……作准备”，逻辑主语I与prepare为主动关系，结合句意“这些天一直在备考”强调动作从过去开始、持续到现在且仍在进行，应用现在分词的完成式作状语，故填Having prepared。 3．他把年轻人们聚在一起办了个派对, 这打破了他们之间的隔阂。 He brought all the young people together for a party, ________ ________ ________between them. 【答案】 breaking down barriers 【详解】考查非谓语动词及短语。break down意思是“打破，消除” ，barriers表示“隔阂，障碍” 。动作break down与句子主语He之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式作状语。故填breaking down barriers。 4．毫无疑问，曹雪芹利用自己的经历，具体描绘了那个时代的生活背景。 No doubt ________ ________ his own experiences, Cao Xueqin gives a detailed description of what life was like at that time. 【答案】 drawing on 【详解】空处需填表示“利用”的英语短语，动词短语draw on表示“利用、凭借”，此处作伴随状语，主语Cao Xueqin与“利用”为主动关系，故用现在分词形式drawing on。 5．我和朋友保持联系，让他们了解我们家乡的最新进展。 I ________ ________with my friends, ________them ________the latest development in our hometown. 【答案】 maintain contact updating on 【详解】考查动词以及介词。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要动词maintain“保持”，在句中作谓语。句子为描述一般事实，所以用一般现在时。主语为I，谓语动词用原形。联系用名词“contact”，在句中作宾语。maintain contact with sb.“保持和某人的联系”；第三个空需要动词update“向…提供最新信息”，该动词需要非谓语动词的形式在句中作状语，和主语I之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。第四个空需要介词on，意为“关于”。update sb. on……“就……向某人提供最新消息”故填①maintain②contact③updating④on。 6．通过汲取前人的智慧，这位研究人员提出了一个理论，挑战了他所在领域的既有理论。(使用非谓语和含put的短语) ____________ of his predecessors, the researcher ____________ that challenged the established ones in his field. 【答案】 Drawing on the wisdom put forward a theory 【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。第一空表示“汲取前人的智慧”翻译为draw on the wisdom，与researcher构成主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语，首字母大写；第二空表示“提出”，应用动词短语put forward，根据后文challenged可知，应用一般过去时，后跟名词theory作宾语。故填①Drawing on the wisdom；②put forward a theory。 7．随着时间的流逝，我不仅能够为人类提供高质量的生活，还能帮助处理困难的工作。结果，我的很多家庭成员被应用于不同领域。 _____,I am able to provide people with a life of high quality_________help with many difficult tasks, ______, a lot of my family members __________ different areas so far. 【答案】 With time going by as well as as a result have been applied to 【详解】考查固定短语和时态语态。第一空结合句意表示“随着时间的流逝”可用with的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”，故第一个空填With time going by；表示“还”可知短语为as well as；表示“结果”短语为as a result；表示“应用于”短语为apply to，且与a lot of my family members和apply之间是被动关系，so far作时间状语可知用现在完成时的被动语态。故填①With time going by②as well as③as a result④have been applied to。 8．他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们却不受惩罚。 He could not have Yong Hui ________  ________  ________ telling people lies. 【答案】 getting away with 【详解】考查固定短语。根据短语have sb. doing sth.“使某人做某事”后跟动词-ing形式，且结合汉语意思表示“侥幸逃脱”短语为get away with。故填getting away with。 9．拥有广泛而多样的动植物品种，亚马逊在平衡气候方面起到了重要作用。 ________ ________ __________ ________ ________ animal and plant species, the Amazon_________ ________ ________ ________ ________ balancing the climate. 【答案】 Having/With a wide range of plays a significant role in 【详解】考查现在分词、介词和时态。非谓语动词have (拥有)和逻辑主语the Amazon是主动关系，可用现在分词作状语，也可用介词with (拥有)，a wide range of (广泛的)，讲述一般性事实，谓语动词短语play a significant role in (在……起到重要作用)用一般现在时，主语第三人称单数，谓语单数形式，首字母大写。故填①Having/With ②a ③wide ④range ⑤of ⑥plays ⑦a ⑧significant ⑨role ⑩in。 10．看着他们在绿色的草地上缓慢移动，我被其美丽所震撼。(非谓语作状语) ________ ________ _________ _________ across the green grass, I’m struck by their beauty. 【答案】 Watching them move slowly 【详解】考查非谓语作状语。表示“看着……做某事”的英语表达是watch...do sth，动词watch后面用省去to的不定式作宾语补足语，表示看到动作的全过程，此处在句子中作状语，主语I与动词watch之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词形式，“缓慢移动”用move slowly。故答案为：Watching them move slowly。 11．大约在9000年前，这些冰融化了，留下了大约100条冰川。 Around 9,000 years ago, this ice melted, ________ ________ about 100 glaciers. (leave) 【答案】 leaving behind 【详解】考查固定短语、非谓语动词。表示“把……遗留在”用固定短语leave...behind，本句谓语为melted，此处为非谓语动词，且this ice与leave...behind为主动关系，应用现在分词，作结果状语。故填①leaving；②behind。 12．这位工程师将大量时间投入到可再生能源技术的研究中，研发出一种效率更高的太阳能电池板设计，使生产成本降低了30%。 ________ much of his time ________ researching renewable energy technologies, the engineer developed a more efficient solar panel design that reduced production costs by 30%. 【答案】 Devoting/Dedicating/Committing to 【详解】考查动词短语。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处表示“这位工程师将大量时间投入到……研究中”可知，事实动词短语devote/ dedicate/commit... to...，the engineer与动词是主谓关系，因此第一空应用现在分词devoting/dedicating/committing，作状语，句首单词，首字母应大写；第二空应是介词to。故填①Devoting/Dedicating/Committing；②to。 13．听到这个令人鼓舞的消息，我们都为她感到自豪。 ________ ________ ________ ________, we all felt proud of her. 【答案】 Hearing the inspiring news 【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据句意及所给句子可知，“听到”译为hear，与主语we是逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动，作状语；“令人鼓舞的消息”译为the inspiring news。故填①Hearing；②the；③inspiring；④news。 14．那个男人躺在草坪上，反思着那天发生的事情。 The man was lying on the grass, ________ ________what happened that day. 【答案】 reflecting on 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“反思”使用动词短语reflect on，和逻辑主语man之间是主动关系，使用现在分词作状语，故填①reflecting②on。 15．门突然打开，人群冲了进来，大厅里一片混乱。(倒装：分词作结果状语) The door burst open and in ________________, ________________in a chaos. 【答案】 rushed the crowd leaving the hall 【详解】考查倒装句和非谓语动词。第一空表示“人群冲了进来”应用the crowd rushed in，此处为全部倒装，根据上文burst可知为一般过去时；表示“大厅里一片混乱”翻译为leave the hall in a chaos，动词leave与上文的内容之间是主动关系，应该用现在分词作状语。故填①rushed the crowd；②leaving the hall。 三、语法填空 Passage 1 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 There are four ways 1 which British and American English differ from each other. The first and most obvious way is in the vocabulary. There are a few 2 (differ) in grammar, too. The British say Have you got…? 3 Americans prefer Do you have…? The British use prepositions 4 Americans sometimes omit them. The other two areas in which the two varieties are different are spelling and 5 (pronounce). However,with communications 6 (develop) 7 (steady) for over a century, some experts believe that the two varieties 8 (move) closer together due to satellite TV and the Internet. English 9 (speak) with different accents; in the future, there are going to be many “Englishes”. In spite of this, users of English will have no difficulty 10 (understand) each other. 【答案】 1．in 2．differences 3．while 4．where 5．pronunciation 6．developing 7．steadily 8．will move/are moving 9．is spoken 10．understanding 【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了美式英语与英式英语在四个方面的不同点。尽管有很多不同点，但是这两种语言正在更好的融合，使沟通更加的顺畅。 【详解】1．考查介词。分析句子可知，way为先行词，关系代词有三种：in which, that,或者不填任何关系代词。故填in 。 2．考查名词复数。a few修饰可数名词复数differences。故填differences。 3．考查连词。分析句子可知，英国人说“ Have you got…?” 而美国人说“Do you have…?”， 所以空处填并列连词while“然而”表示对比关系。故填while。 4．考查关系副词。分析句子可知，prepositions 为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，所以关系副词为where。故填where。 5．考查名词。and并列连接两个名词spelling和pronunciation。故填pronunciation。 6．考查现在分词。分析句子可知，本句为with的复合结构作状语，且communication与develop在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填developing。 7．考查副词。steadily 为副词修饰动词develop。故填steadily 。 8．考查一般将来时或者现在进行时。由“ some experts believe”可知，本句为一般将来时或者现在进行时，主语为 the two varieties，谓语为will move/are moving 。故填will move/are moving 。 9．考查一般现在时的被动语态。分析句子可知，整篇短文都是一般现在时，所以本句也为一般现在时，主语 English 与谓语speak为被动。故填is spoken。 10．考查动名词。 have no difficulty (in) doing sth “做某事有困难”为固定短语。故填understanding。 【点睛】定语从句中关系词的选择可考虑以下三点： (1) 一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等。 (2) 二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why。 (3) 三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。 分析小题4的句子可知，prepositions 为先行词，，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，所以关系副词为where。故填where。 Passage 2 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Red envelopes have played 1 important part in Chinese New Year for as long as anyone can remember. So what’s the story behind the red envelopes during Chinese New Year? One popular story 2 (date) back to the Qin Dynasty, when the elderly would thread coins onto a red string. This money 3 (call) yasui qian in Chinese, meaning “ money protecting oneself from evil spirits ” , and was believed to protect elder people from sickness and 4 (die). As the printing press became more common, the yasui qian was replaced 5 red envelopes. Another legend tells of a village 6 a demon (恶魔)would terrorize children at night. It was believed that the demon would touch the children’s heads while they were asleep, 7 (cause) serious illness. From there, a theory emerged that when they prayed, the god would send eight fairies to protect the child. The fairies would disguise(伪装) 8 (they) as eight coins and hide under the child’s pillow. When the demon got close, the coins would begin to shine very 9 (bright) , blinding the demon. Word began to spread and the villagers started giving red envelopes 10 (fill) with coins to each other to put under their pillows at night. As time passed, red envelopes became a way to bring good luck and prosperity to the receiver. 【答案】 1. an 2. dates 3. was called 4. death 5. with 6. where 7. causing 8. themselves 9. brightly 10. filled 【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了红包的来历。 【详解】1. 考查冠词。part是可数名词单数形式，且important 的发音以元音音素开头，play an important part in... 意为“在……中发挥重要作用”。故填an。 2. 考查时态。date back to意为“始于(某时期)，追溯到……年代”，根据上下文可知，该短语常用一般现在时,没有被动语态和进行时。故填dates。 3. 考查时态和语态。根据下文中的 “ and was believed o protect elder people ”可知，空处应用一般过去时；This money和call之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。故填was called。 4. 考查名词。根据空前的名词sickness和and可知，death与名词sickness是并列的关系，应填名词形式。故填death。 5. 考查介词。此处为“replace A with B ”结构的被动形式，意为“用B替换A”。故填with。 6. 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词 a village，它是表示地点的名词，且定语从句中缺少地点状语，所以要且关系副词引导该从句，故填 where。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：人们相信恶魔会在孩子们睡着的时候摸他们的头，结果引起严重的疾病。根据语境可知，此处是表示顺理成章的结果，应用动词-ing形式作结果状语。故填causing。 8. 考查代词。此处指仙女们把自己伪装成八个硬币。当主语和宾语是同一个人或物时，宾语要用其反身代词作宾语。故填themselves。 9. 考查副词。根据空前的动词shine和very可知,此处应用副词brightly修饰动词shine。故填brightly。 10. 考查非谓语动词。red envelopes与fill之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，意思是“被装满了硬币的信封”，所以应用动词-ed形式作后置定语。故填filled。 10 / 15乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $暑假 · 重难点突破 专题05现在分词作宾补&状语 新高二英语（人教版） 1. 熟悉“现在分词作宾补&状语”用法 2. 掌握“现在分词作宾补&状语”解题技巧 3. 轻松驾驭“现在分词作宾补&状语”真题 高二英语语法预习 -现在分词作宾语补足语 模块一：现在分词作宾语补足语的用法 维度分类 具体用法规则 适用场景 高频易错点 维度1：句式位置 固定结构：主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语 + doing（宾补），紧跟宾语之后，补充说明宾语状态 用于感官动词、使役动词后的宾语补充成分，是高中核心句式结构 维度2：适配动词 仅用于特定动词后：①感官动词：see/watch/hear/notice/find/observe ②使役动词：have/get/keep 所有需要补充说明宾语即时动作、持续状态的主谓宾句式 随意拓展动词范围，普通动词后不能接doing作宾补，属于固定搭配考点 维度3：逻辑关系 宾语与现在分词为主动、进行关系，宾语是动作的发出者，动作正在发生、持续进行 区分宾补doing（主动进行）与done（被动完成）、do（全过程）的核心场景 混淆三种宾补形式：doing表正在做，do表做全程，done表被做，极易混用失分 经典例句 1. I saw him playing basketball on the playground. 我看见他正在操场上打篮球。 2. The teacher kept us reading English loudly in the morning. 老师让我们早上大声朗读英语。 3. She found the boy crying in the empty classroom. 她发现这个男孩在空教室里哭泣。 模块二：现在分词作状语 维度分类 具体用法规则 适用场景 高频易错点 维度1：位置规则 可置于句首、句中、句末；句首常用逗号隔开，句末多表伴随、结果，无需逗号 用于简化状语从句，替换when/because/if等引导的完整状语从句 语序混乱，随意省略逗号，导致句子结构混乱、逻辑不清 维度2：逻辑主语 现在分词的逻辑主语必须与主句主语一致，主句主语为动作主动发出者 所有现在分词作状语句型，统一遵循“主语一致”核心原则 最易错点：逻辑主语不一致，造成悬垂分词，属于高考高频改错考点 维度3：语义分类 可表5种核心语义：时间、原因、伴随方式、结果、条件，无将来、被动含义 适用于书面句简化、长难句拆分，是写作高级句式核心用法 混淆语义逻辑，无法区分伴随状语与结果状语，导致句意理解偏差 经典例句 1. 时间状语：Walking along the street, I met an old friend. 在街上散步时，我遇见了一位老朋友。 2. 原因状语：Being ill, he didn’t come to school yesterday. 因为生病了，他昨天没来上学。 3. 伴随状语：He sat there, reading a novel quietly. 他坐在那里，安静地看着小说。 4. 结果状语：His parents died, leaving him alone. 他的父母去世了，留下他孤身一人。 模块三：现在分词作宾语补足语-解题技巧 维度分类 核心解题步骤 解题判断依据 考场秒杀技巧 维度1：判动词 快速识别句中谓语是否为感官、使役动词，锁定宾补考查题型 谓语为see/hear/keep/have等固定动词，大概率考查现在分词作宾补 非固定动词直接排除doing宾补用法，快速筛除错误选项 维度2：判逻辑 判断宾语与非谓语动作的关系，区分主动进行、被动完成、完整过程 宾语主动发动作、动作正在持续→选doing；被动选done；全过程选do 题干强调“正在做、持续做”，直接锁定现在分词作宾补 维度3：判句式 验证句子已有完整主谓宾，空格成分仅作补充，不充当主干谓语 句子无残缺主干，空格修饰补充宾语，确定为宾补成分 有主干、补宾语、表主动进行，三步直接判定doing宾补 模块四：现在分词作状语-解题技巧 维度分类 核心解题步骤 解题判断依据 考场秒杀技巧 维度1：判主干 先找主句完整主谓，确认空格非句子主干，仅作修饰成分 句子已有完整谓语，无连词连接第二个谓语，空格为非谓语状语 一句一谓语，无连词必是非谓语，快速锁定状语题型 维度2：判主语 匹配分词动作与主句主语的逻辑关系，判断主动、被动 主句主语主动发出动作→doing；主句主语被动承受→done 主语一致+主动关系，直接选现在分词作状语 维度3：判语义 结合上下文，区分时间、原因、伴随、结果等状语语义 表同步动作为伴随，表因果为原因状语，表后续影响为结果状语 句首多为时间/原因，句末多为伴随/结果，快速判定语义 一：单句语法填空题 1. I saw a group of children ___________ (play) games happily in the community park. 2. ___________ (study) hard every day, he has made great progress in English. 3. The teacher kept us ___________ (practise) speaking English in our daily life. 4. He stood by the window, ___________ (watch) the birds flying in the blue sky. 5. We found the old man ___________ (sit) alone and reading a newspaper. 6. ___________ (feel) tired after long work, she went to bed early at night. 7. The heavy rain lasted all day, ___________ (cause) serious traffic problems. 8. I heard my deskmate ___________ (sing) a beautiful song in the classroom. 9. ___________ (walk) to school every morning, I can enjoy fresh air and sunshine. 10. The manager had the workers ___________ (work) extra hours to finish the task. 11．The little child stood at the gate, ___________ (wait) for his parents to pick him up. 12． ___________ (judge) from his expression, he is very angry. 13． ___________ (not know) the way to the station, he asked a policeman. 14．___________(compare) your handwriting with his, you should see his is better. 15．Julia got a good mark in the test, __________ (rank) first in her class. 16．I got to the office earlier that day, __________ (catch) the 7:00 train from Paddington. 17．I always read, __________ (use) different voices. 18．__________ (know) that the competition was put off, the boy sighed in relief. 19．___________(breath) in the fresh mountain air, she felt all her tiredness fade away. 20．Not ___________ (make) full preparations, we put off the sports meeting. 21．I saw him ___________(cross) the street when the car came. 22．Don’t leave the baby __________ (cry) alone in the room. 23．I heard someone __________ (knock) at the door when I was reading. 24．When I came in, I noticed a stranger __________ (stand) at the corner. 25．With temperatures __________(vary) greatly day by day, we should wear more clothes to keep warm. 26．I kept him__________ (wait) for a long time. 27．I saw a bird __________ (fly) in the sky. 28．She spotted a beautiful bird __________(fly) in the sky. 29．With final exam __________(approach), I grew increasingly nervous. 30．I observed him __________(chat) with his parents when I passed by his house. ) 二、完成句子 1．听到这个好消息，他们情不自禁地笑了起来。 _________ _________ _________ _________ , they couldn’t help laughing. 2．这些天一直在备考，我常常感到压力很大，睡也睡不好。 ________ ________ for the examination these days, I often feel stressed out and can’t sleep well at night. 3．他把年轻人们聚在一起办了个派对, 这打破了他们之间的隔阂。 He brought all the young people together for a party, ________ ________ ________between them. 4．毫无疑问，曹雪芹利用自己的经历，具体描绘了那个时代的生活背景。 No doubt ________ ________ his own experiences, Cao Xueqin gives a detailed description of what life was like at that time. 5．我和朋友保持联系，让他们了解我们家乡的最新进展。 I ________ ________with my friends, ________them ________the latest development in our hometown. 6．通过汲取前人的智慧，这位研究人员提出了一个理论，挑战了他所在领域的既有理论。(使用非谓语和含put的短语) ____________ of his predecessors, the researcher ____________ that challenged the established ones in his field. 7．随着时间的流逝，我不仅能够为人类提供高质量的生活，还能帮助处理困难的工作。结果，我的很多家庭成员被应用于不同领域。 _____,I am able to provide people with a life of high quality_________help with many difficult tasks, ______, a lot of my family members __________ different areas so far. 8．他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们却不受惩罚。 He could not have Yong Hui ________  ________  ________ telling people lies. 9．拥有广泛而多样的动植物品种，亚马逊在平衡气候方面起到了重要作用。 ________ ________ __________ ________ ________ animal and plant species, the Amazon_________ ________ ________ ________ ________ balancing the climate. 10．看着他们在绿色的草地上缓慢移动，我被其美丽所震撼。(非谓语作状语) ________ ________ _________ _________ across the green grass, I’m struck by their beauty. 11．大约在9000年前，这些冰融化了，留下了大约100条冰川。 Around 9,000 years ago, this ice melted, ________ ________ about 100 glaciers. (leave) 12．这位工程师将大量时间投入到可再生能源技术的研究中，研发出一种效率更高的太阳能电池板设计，使生产成本降低了30%。 ________ much of his time ________ researching renewable energy technologies, the engineer developed a more efficient solar panel design that reduced production costs by 30%. 13．听到这个令人鼓舞的消息，我们都为她感到自豪。 ________ ________ ________ ________, we all felt proud of her. 14．那个男人躺在草坪上，反思着那天发生的事情。 The man was lying on the grass, ________ ________what happened that day. 15．门突然打开，人群冲了进来，大厅里一片混乱。(倒装：分词作结果状语) The door burst open and in ________________, ________________in a chaos. 三、语法填空 Passage 1 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 There are four ways 1 which British and American English differ from each other. The first and most obvious way is in the vocabulary. There are a few 2 (differ) in grammar, too. The British say Have you got…? 3 Americans prefer Do you have…? The British use prepositions 4 Americans sometimes omit them. The other two areas in which the two varieties are different are spelling and 5 (pronounce). However,with communications 6 (develop) 7 (steady) for over a century, some experts believe that the two varieties 8 (move) closer together due to satellite TV and the Internet. English 9 (speak) with different accents; in the future, there are going to be many “Englishes”. In spite of this, users of English will have no difficulty 10 (understand) each other. Passage 2 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Red envelopes have played 1 important part in Chinese New Year for as long as anyone can remember. So what’s the story behind the red envelopes during Chinese New Year? One popular story 2 (date) back to the Qin Dynasty, when the elderly would thread coins onto a red string. This money 3 (call) yasui qian in Chinese, meaning “ money protecting oneself from evil spirits ” , and was believed to protect elder people from sickness and 4 (die). As the printing press became more common, the yasui qian was replaced 5 red envelopes. Another legend tells of a village 6 a demon (恶魔)would terrorize children at night. It was believed that the demon would touch the children’s heads while they were asleep, 7 (cause) serious illness. From there, a theory emerged that when they prayed, the god would send eight fairies to protect the child. The fairies would disguise(伪装) 8 (they) as eight coins and hide under the child’s pillow. When the demon got close, the coins would begin to shine very 9 (bright) , blinding the demon. Word began to spread and the villagers started giving red envelopes 10 (fill) with coins to each other to put under their pillows at night. As time passed, red envelopes became a way to bring good luck and prosperity to the receiver. 5 / 6乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $