专题01 现在完成时的被动语态-【简语法-暑假自习课】2026年英语-新高二语法复习 重难点逐项突破（人教版）

暑假 · 重难点突破 专题01现在完成时的被动语态 新高二英语（人教版） 1. 熟悉“现在完成时的被动语态”用法 2. 掌握“现在完成时的被动语态”解题技巧 3. 轻松驾驭“现在完成时的被动语态”真题 高一英语语法复习 - 现在完成时的被动语态 一、现在完成时的被动语态核心用法 用法分类 详细说明 & 示例 基本结构 肯定式：have/has + been + 动词过去分词 否定式：have/has + not + been + 动词过去分词 疑问式：Have/Has + 主语 + been + 动词过去分词 示例：The bridge has been built. 这座桥已经被建成了。 核心用法1：动作已完成，强调结果 表示过去发生的被动动作，到现在已经完成，且对现在造成影响或结果，常与already, yet, just, recently等时间状语连用 示例：My homework has already been finished. 我的作业已经被完成了。 核心用法2：动作持续到现在 表示从过去开始的被动动作，一直持续到现在，常与for+时间段、since+时间点连用 示例：The old temple has been protected for hundreds of years. 这座古庙已经被保护了数百年。 核心用法3：动作反复发生，含经验含义 表示到现在为止，动作被反复做过，常与never, ever, once, twice等频率词连用 示例：This song has been sung many times. 这首歌已经被唱过很多次了。 主动→被动转换规则 1. 主动句宾语变被动句主语 2. 谓语动词改为have/has been + 过去分词，单复数与新主语一致 3. 主动句主语变by+宾语，可省略 示例：We have cleaned the room. → The room has been cleaned (by us). 易错点提醒 1. 不可遗漏been：have/has + 过去分词是主动，加been才是被动 2. 过去分词拼写正确，尤其是不规则动词 3. 主语单复数决定用have还是has，与动作执行者无关 二、现在完成时的被动语态解题技巧 详细方法 & 真题示例 快速判断题型的3个信号： 1. 题干有现在完成时标志词：already, yet, for, since, recently, in the past few years等 2. 主语是动作的承受者，而非执行者 3. 选项中出现have/has been + 过去分词的结构 解题核心2步走： 第一步：判断时态→找时间状语，确定是现在完成时 第二步：判断语态→看主语和动词的关系，主语是动作承受者，用被动语态 示例：The letter ____ (post) for 3 days. → 有for+时间段，用现在完成时；信是被寄，用被动→has been posted 1. 单复数陷阱：主语是不可数名词/单数，用has；复数用have，不要被by后的宾语迷惑 2. 时态混淆陷阱：看到for/since，优先用现在完成时，而非一般过去时 3. 被动结构遗漏陷阱：必须有been，have/has + 过去分词是主动，不是被动 4. 不规则动词陷阱：熟记常见不规则动词的过去分词，避免拼写错误 【高一真题】- ____ the new library ____ yet? - Yes, it ____ last month. A. Has; built; was finished B. Has; been built; was finished C. Did; build; finished D. Did; been built; finished 解题步骤： 1. 第一句有yet，用现在完成时，排除C、D 2. 图书馆是被建造，用被动语态，需要加been，排除A 3. 第二句有last month，用一般过去时被动，was finished符合 答案：B 1. 先看选项，直接排除时态/语态结构错误的选项 2. 先找时间状语，快速锁定时态范围 3. 先判断主被动，再判断时态，缩小选择范围 一、单句语法填空；在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．We have lost everything, but thank God, our lives (spare). 【答案】have been spared 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：我们失去了一切，但感谢上帝，我们的生命得以保全。我们的生命是被保全，but前后时态一致，由前面的have lost可知，时态用现在完成时，因此空格处用现在完成时的被动语态，即have/has been done，主语lives是复数，助动词用have。故填have been spared。 2．It is amazing how the small town (transform) into a modern tourist city over the past decade. 【答案】has been transformed 【详解】句意：这座小镇在过去十年间蜕变为现代化旅游城市，着实令人惊叹。时间状语over the past decade对应现在完成时，主语“the small town”与“transform”为被动关系，且主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为has been transformed。 3．Creatures such as mice, fish and mosquitoes have also been sent the station. 【答案】to 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：老鼠、鱼、蚊子之类的生物也被送往太空站。句中的谓语部分由have been+过去分词构成，符合现在完成时下的被动语态，在主动语态中send的用法是send sth. to some place，变为被动语态应用sth. be sent to some place。故填to。 4．Large quantities of water (pollute) since the explosion at the chemical plant. 【答案】have been polluted 【详解】考查主谓一致。Large quantities of + n谓语动词用复数形式，根据从句since the explosion at the chemical plant.可知用现在完成时。句意：自从化学厂发生爆炸以来，大量的水被污染了。故填have been polluted。 5．Single use surgical masks (find) thrown around pavements, waterways and beaches worldwide since countries began ordering their use in public places. 【答案】have been found 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：自从各国开始下令在公共场所使用一次性外科口罩以来，世界各地的人行道、水道和海滩上都发现了一次性外科口罩。分析句子可知，设空处是句子谓语部分，主语masks和动词find是被动关系，应使用被动语态；根据时间状语since countries began ordering their use in public places可知，应使用现在完成时。因此，此处应使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语masks是复数形式，助动词使用have。故填have been found。 6．He feels that his skills have never been fully appreciated or (exploit). 【答案】exploited 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：他觉得自己的技能从未得到充分的欣赏或利用。根据句型分析可知，此空动词形式应与or 前 appreciated为并列关系，应填过去分词表被动概念。故填exploited。 7．Many trees (plant) in the park since last year. And more trees (sow) these days to make the park greener. 【答案】 have been planted are being sown 【详解】考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：自去年以来，公园里已经种了许多树。并且这些天正在播种更多树木，以使公园更加绿意盎然。由since可知，第一句话用现在完成时，树是被种，因此用现在完成时的被动语态，主语Many trees是复数，因此第一空是have been planted。由these days可知，第二句话用现在进行时，树是被种，因此用现在进行时的被动语态，主语trees是复数，因此第二空是are being sown。故填have been planted，are being sown。 8．New functions (add) to the phone so far to make it more convenient for users. 【答案】have been added 【详解】句意：到目前为止，这款手机已经新增了诸多功能，为用户使用提供更多便利。此空为谓语动词，主语New functions和add是被动关系，且so far是现在完成时标志，所以用现在完成时被动have been added。 9．Over the years, various spacesuits (design) to meet these criteria. 【答案】have been designed 【详解】句意：多年来，人们设计出了各种各样的航天服来满足这些要求。主语spacesuits与design构成被动关系，结合上文Over the years可知为现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用have。 10．The old factory has been (transform) into an art gallery. 【答案】transformed 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：旧工厂已被改造成美术馆。分析句子可知，设空处动词transform和主语The old factory是被动关系，应需要过去分词构成现在完成时的被动语态修饰。故填transformed。 11．Since Granovetter first came up with his theory, his work (cite) in over 19,000 papers. 【答案】has been cited 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：自从格拉诺维特第一次提出他的理论以来，他的著作在19000多篇论文中被引用。根据时间状语“Since Granovetter first came up with his theory”可知，句子应用现在完成时，且主语his work与动词cite之间为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为单数，助动词用has。故填has been cited。 12．The child (take) good care of by Grandma Wang all these years. 【答案】has been taken 【详解】考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：这孩子这些年来一直由王奶奶悉心照料。由by可知，句子用被动语态，由all these years可知，时态是现在完成时，因此空格处是现在完成时的被动语态，主语The child是单数，因此空格处是has been taken。故填has been taken。 13．So far, lots of new and modern facilities (put) in place. 【答案】have been put 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，许多新的现代化设施已经安装到位。分析句子可知，设空处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“So far”可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语“lots of new and modern facilities”与谓语动词put之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，现在完成时的被动语态结构为“have/has been + 过去分词”，主语为复数。故填have been put。 14．Hearing the story, they (move) from the bottom of their hearts yesterday． 【答案】were moved 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：听到这个故事，他们昨天从心底被感动了。根据后文yesterday可知这句话使用一般过去时，且they和move是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是they，谓语动词用复数。故填were moved． 15．Her poem themed her deep love for children (submit) to the national poetry contest before the deadline last month. 【答案】was submitted 【详解】句意：她的这首以对孩子们的深厚感情为主题的诗，是在上个月的截止日期前提交参加全国诗歌比赛的。主语poem与submit构成被动关系，结合后文last month可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。 16．The volleyball coach along with his team members (interview) for their performance shortly after the match. 【答案】 was interviewed 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：排球教练和他的队员们在比赛后不久就因为他们的表现接受了采访。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。along with 连接两个主语时，谓语动词应与前面的主语保持一致，即与the volleyball coach保持一致，用单数形式。主语与interview之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was interviewed。 17．In ancient Egypt, the harvest festival (celebrate) during the spring time---the Egyptian harvest season. 【答案】was celebrated 【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在古埃及，丰收节是在春季——埃及的收获季节庆祝的。分析句子可知，celebrate是谓语动词，与主语the harvest festival 是被动关系，由In ancient Egypt可知，用一般过去时，且主语是单数，故填was celebrated。 18．The man got (poisonous) after drinking the water in the bottle. 【答案】poisoned 【详解】考查动词语态。句意： 那人喝了瓶子里的水后中毒了。根据句意可知，那个人喝完瓶子中的水中毒了，get done表示谈论某人或某事的客观遭遇，往往表示一种突然的、未曾预料到的偶发事件或事故。poisonous为形容词“有毒的”，其动词为poison。故填poisoned。 19．Up to now, thousands of red phone boxes, the old image of Britain, (remove) due to mobile phones. 【答案】have been removed 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：由于移动电话，到目前为止，成千上万的红色电话亭——英国的旧形象，已经被拆除。主语phone boxes和动词remove之间是被动关系，结合时间状语Up to now可知此处使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语表示复数意义，故填have been removed。 20．Many historic sites which are of great value (destroy) seriously by human activities in the last few decades. 【答案】have been destroyed 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：在过去的几十年里，许多极具价值的历史遗迹遭到了人类活动的严重破坏。根据时间状语in the last few decades可知，表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时，主语Many historic sites与destroy为被动关系，因此用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为复数，助动词用have。故填have been destroyed。 21．When and where professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture (not decide) yet. 【答案】hasn’t been decided 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：詹姆斯教授何时何地给我们做关于西方文化的讲座还没有决定。根据语境及句中的yet可知，用现在完成时，主语When and where professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture与谓语decide之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，且主语为单数概念，谓语动词用单数形式。故hasn’t been decided。 22．A clone is an animal or a plant that (be produced)artificially. It is identical with the original animal or plant. 【答案】has been produced 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：克隆是指人工造出的动物或植物。它与原始动物或植物完全相同。分析句子可知，此处应用动词作谓语，主语为that，that引导定语从句，指代先行词A clone，指物且为单数形式，空处与主语之间是被动关系，结合语意可知，此处意为“已被造出的”，故空处应用现在完成时的被动语态结构，故空处应填has been produced。故填has been produced。 23．Over the past few years, many high-tech products (export) to foreign countries from this region. 【答案】have been exported 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：在过去的几年里，许多高科技产品从这个地区出口到了国外。这里考查谓语动词，“Over the past few years”是现在完成时的时间标志。句子的主语many high-tech products和动词export之间是被动关系，即“高科技产品被出口”，所以要用现在完成时的被动语态，其结构是“have/has been + 过去分词”。主语many high-tech products是复数，所以助动词用have。故填have been exported。 24．Not only the foreign students but also the teacher (attract) by the authentic Chinese tea culture so far. 【答案】has been attracted 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，不仅外国学生，就连老师也被正宗的中国茶文化所吸引。空处应填谓语动词，由句意及时间状语so far可知应用现在完成时，not only ... but also...连接名词/代词作主语，谓语动词遵循就近原则，the teacher与动词attract之间为被动关系，所以应用现在完成时的被动语态，the teacher为第三人称单数，故填has been attracted。 25．Over the past five years, large amounts of rubbish, such as plastic bags, (collect) by the volunteer team. 【答案】have been collected 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的五年中，志愿者团队收集了大量的垃圾，如塑料袋。主语large amounts of rubbish和动词collect之间是被动关系，根据时间状语“Over the past five years”可知，应用现在完成时的被动语态，“large amounts of +名词”作为句子主语时，其后的谓语动词应该采用复数形式，故填have been collected。 26．Innovation is key to business survival, and for years a lot of resources (invest) by companies in inspiring employees to develop new ideas. 【答案】have been invested 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：创新是企业生存的关键，多年来，各公司已投入大量资源用于激励员工开发新想法。主语“a lot of resources”与动词“invest”为被动关系，且时间状语“for years”表示从过去持续到现在的动作，应用现在完成时的被动语态（have/has been + 过去分词）。主语为复数，故助动词用have。故填have been invested。 27．Since 1748, Pompeii (dig) systematically from its silent resting place. 【答案】has been dug 【详解】考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：自1748年以来，庞贝古城就一直在其安静的安息之地被有计划地系统性挖掘。根据时间状语Since 1748可知，句子应使用现在完成时；主语Pompeii与动词dig之间是被动关系，故句子应用现在完成时的被动语态；主语Pompeii是单数，助动词应用has。故填has been dug。 28．Recently the community (stir) by the announcement of a new development project that could significantly change the local landscape. 【答案】has been stirred 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：最近，社区被一个新开发项目的公告所震动，该项目可能会显著改变当地的景观。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据Recently可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，community和stir之间为被动关系，句子应用现在完成时的被动语态，community为可数名词单数形式，助动词用has。故填has been stirred。 29．Working efficiency since this new software was adopted. (improve) 【答案】has been improved 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：自从采用这个新软件以来，工作效率提高了。句中since引导时间状语从句，从句使用一般过去时，主句应用现在完成时，improve与主语Working efficiency之间是被动关系，空处应用现在完成时的被动语态，且efficiency是不可数名词，所以空处应用has been improved。故填has been improved。 30．Recently it （circulate）in our company that we’ll have a new president next month，and the speed of the （circulate）of the news is surprising. 【答案】 has been circulated circulation 【详解】考查时态语态和词形转换。句意：最近我们公司里一直流传我们下个月将会有位新任总经理，而且这条消息的传播速度令人吃惊。根据句意及Recently可知，第一空应用现在完成时，且it与circulate之间为被动关系，应该用被动语态，故填has been circulated；根据第二空前的the及空后的of可知，第二空填名词circulation，意为“流传，传播”。 二、完成句子 1. 他们什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没定下来。 When they will start and where they will go  _________. 【答案】have not been decided yet 【详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“还没定下来”，时态用现在完成时，“他们什么时候动身以及要去哪里”还没有被定下来，因此用现在完成时的被动语态，“定下来”是decide，“还没有”是not yet，主语“When they will start and where they will go”是复数概念，因此空格处是have not been decided yet。故填have not been decided yet。 2. 我们到达了那家修建于1999年的工厂。 We arrived at the factory, ________. 【答案】which was built in 1999 【详解】考查定语从句。“修建”使用动词build，“于1999年”译为介词短语in 1999，分析句子可知，空处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是factory，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导，先行词factory和动词build之间是被动关系，且此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，故填which was built in 1999。 3. Has anyone made a comment about the online database? (改为现在完成时的被动语态) ___________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Has a/any comment been made about the online database? 【详解】考查现在完成时态的被动语态。句意：有人对在线数据库发表过评论吗？将原主动语态句中的宾语a comment 置于被动语态的主语位置，或者疑问句中用any comment代替a comment，然后将现在完成时的谓语has made修改为被动语态形式has been made。其他成分按原本的语序照抄。故答案是Has a/any comment been made about the online database? 4. He ________ ________ ________(已被挑选出来) to take part in the sports meeting. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】 has been selected 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：他已经被挑选出来参加这次运动会。表示“挑选”可以用动词select；根据括号内汉语提示“已被挑选出来”及所填动词select与句子主语he之间是被动关系，要用现在完成时被动语态。故填①has；②been；③selected。 5. This idea ________________ (都已经说明) all of us. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】has been represented to 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：这个想法已经向我们所有人进行了阐述。表示“向……说明”用represent sth. to sb.，主语This idea与动词represent构成被动关系，结合汉语提示“都已经说明”可知，此句表示过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为idea，助动词用has。故填has been represented to。 6. 已被证明，整理你的桌子可以提高你的学习和工作效率。 It ________ ________ ________ that sorting out your desk can improve your learning and working efficiency. 【答案】 has been proved 【详解】考查动词时态语态。表示“证明”应用动词prove，结合汉语提示“已被证明”可知，此处使用现在完成时的被动语态，表示“过去发生的事情对现在产生影响”，it作形式主语，助动词用has。故填①has；②been；③proved。 7. The army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those trapped and to bury the dead.(同义句改写) The army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those ________ ________ ________ and to bury the dead. 【答案】 who were trapped 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：军队派了15万士兵到唐山去挖出被困的人，埋葬死者。原句为过去分词“trapped”作定语修饰代词“those”，改写同义句，应为定语从句作定语修饰先行词“those”，故应有定语从句关系词以及定语从句的谓语动词。先行词“those”和动词“trapped”为动宾关系，故谓语动词用被动语态，用复数，且照应主句时态，故应为一般过去时；先行词“those”，为人，且在从句中充当主语，故应用关系代词who/。故填who were trapped。 8. A Chinese scientist has already developed a pen-like computer. （同义句转换） A pen-like computer ________ ________ ________ ________ by a Chinese scientist. 【答案】 has already been developed 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：一种像笔一样的电脑已经被一位中国科学家研发出来了。根据句意“已经被研发”和分析句子可知，需用动词develop作句子谓语，且用被动语态和现在完成时。再根据主语a computer为可数名词单数，故谓语需用第三人称单数形式has been done。故填has；already；been；developed。 9. Can you __________(别挂断) for a minute? I will get him for you. (hold) 【答案】hold on 【详解】考查短语。句意：你能别挂断吗？我去帮你找他。根据can判断此处填动词原形，“别挂断”hold on。故填hold on。 10. 目前，救灾物资已经准备就绪，即将被运往甘肃省的地震灾区。 So far, relief supplies ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ and will be sent to earthquake-hit areas in Gansu Province. 【答案】 have been put in place 【详解】考查动词短语。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要动词短语put sth. in place“把……放到正确的位置，落实到位”。分析句子结构可知，该动词短语在句中作谓语动词。根据so far可知，句子为现在完成时态。主语和put之间为被动关系，所以该句话使用现在完成时态的被动语态，主语为复数。故填①have②been③put④in⑤place。 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Most people suffer from what is known as “just-me-ism”. That is, people think their small bad habits won’t matter because “it’s just me”. 1 if millions of people think this way, great harm will be done to the environment. To solve this problem, Roots & Shoots 2 (establish) by Dr. Jane Goodall in the early 1990s. She is a world-famous scientist 3 studies wild chimpanzees and is committed to environmental protection. The purpose of this institute is to educate young people, from pre-schoolers to university students, to build a future where humans live 4 peace with nature. The name “Roots & Shoots” has a special meaning. Roots grow slowly under the ground 5 (make) a firm foundation, and shoots seem small but can break open brick 6 (wall) to reach the light. The roots and shoots refer to young people around the world. Hundreds of thousands of them are able to solve problems and make the world   7 (good) together. Dr. Goodall believes every individual 8 (matter). Even small actions, like cheering up a sad person or watering a thirsty plant, make 9 difference. As she said, it is by acting together 10 we can change the world. You cannot be absent from building a shared future. 【答案】 1. But 2. was established 3. who/that 4. in 5. to make 6. walls 7. better 8. matters 9. a 10. that 【导语】本文主要介绍了“只关乎我”的个人心态对环境的危害、珍·古道尔博士创立的根与芽组织的宗旨与象征意义，以及每个人的微小行动都能改变世界的理念。 【详解】1. 考查连词。句意：人们认为自己的小坏习惯无关紧要，但如果数百万人都这样想，就会对环境造成巨大危害。前句“That is, people think their small bad habits won’t matter”与下文“if millions of people think this way, great harm will be done to the environment.”呈转折关系，要用but；它用在句首，首字母b要大写。 2. 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：为解决这个问题，根与芽组织在20 世纪90年代初由珍·古道尔博士创立。in the early 1990s是一般过去时的时间状语，Roots & Shoots是单数名词作主语，所填词作谓语，且主语和establish之间是被动关系，要用一般过去时的被动语态结构was established。 3. 考查定语从句。句意：她是一位研究野生黑猩猩并致力于环境保护的世界著名科学家。________studies wild chimpanzees是关系词引导的定语从句修饰先行词a world-famous scientist；先行词指人且关系词在从句中作主语，关系代词who或that符合要求。 4. 考查介词。句意：该机构旨在教育青少年，构建人类与自然和平共处的未来。由于in peace with是固定搭配，表示“与……和睦相处”，要填介词in。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：树根在地下缓慢生长，以奠定坚实的根基；嫩芽看似渺小，却能冲破砖墙，奔向阳光。句中谓语是grow，_______ (make) a firm foundation作目的状语，要用动词不定式to make。 6. 考查名词。句意：树根在地下缓慢生长，以奠定坚实的根基；嫩芽看似渺小，却能冲破砖墙，奔向阳光。brick ______(wall)作can break的宾语，要填名词；wall是可数名词，其前无限定词，要将其变成复数形式walls，泛指所有墙。 7. 考查形容词比较级。句意：数十万的全球青年有能力解决问题，共同让世界变得更美好。make the world+比较级表示“让世界变得更……”，暗含与原来状态对比，要将形容词good变成比较级better。 8. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：古道尔博士相信每个人都很重要。本句陈述客观事实，所填词作谓语，要用一般现在时；主语every individual是单数名词，与谓语matter之间是主动关系，要将matter变成第三人称单数形式matters。 9. 考查冠词。句意：即使是微小的举动，比如安慰伤心的人、给干枯的植物浇水，也能产生影响。make a difference是固定搭配，要填不定冠词a。 10. 考查固定句型。句意：正如她所说，正是通过共同行动，我们才能改变世界。本句是it is…that…引导的强调句型，被强调的部分是by acting together，that符合语法要求。 12 / 12乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $暑假 · 重难点突破 专题01现在完成时的被动语态 新高二英语（人教版） 1. 熟悉“现在完成时的被动语态”用法 2. 掌握“现在完成时的被动语态”解题技巧 3. 轻松驾驭“现在完成时的被动语态”真题 高一英语语法复习 - 现在完成时的被动语态 一、现在完成时的被动语态核心用法 用法分类 详细说明 & 示例 基本结构 肯定式：have/has + been + 动词过去分词 否定式：have/has + not + been + 动词过去分词 疑问式：Have/Has + 主语 + been + 动词过去分词 示例：The bridge has been built. 这座桥已经被建成了。 核心用法1：动作已完成，强调结果 表示过去发生的被动动作，到现在已经完成，且对现在造成影响或结果，常与already, yet, just, recently等时间状语连用 示例：My homework has already been finished. 我的作业已经被完成了。 核心用法2：动作持续到现在 表示从过去开始的被动动作，一直持续到现在，常与for+时间段、since+时间点连用 示例：The old temple has been protected for hundreds of years. 这座古庙已经被保护了数百年。 核心用法3：动作反复发生，含经验含义 表示到现在为止，动作被反复做过，常与never, ever, once, twice等频率词连用 示例：This song has been sung many times. 这首歌已经被唱过很多次了。 主动→被动转换规则 1. 主动句宾语变被动句主语 2. 谓语动词改为have/has been + 过去分词，单复数与新主语一致 3. 主动句主语变by+宾语，可省略 示例：We have cleaned the room. → The room has been cleaned (by us). 易错点提醒 1. 不可遗漏been：have/has + 过去分词是主动，加been才是被动 2. 过去分词拼写正确，尤其是不规则动词 3. 主语单复数决定用have还是has，与动作执行者无关 二、现在完成时的被动语态解题技巧 详细方法 & 真题示例 快速判断题型的3个信号： 1. 题干有现在完成时标志词：already, yet, for, since, recently, in the past few years等 2. 主语是动作的承受者，而非执行者 3. 选项中出现have/has been + 过去分词的结构 解题核心2步走： 第一步：判断时态→找时间状语，确定是现在完成时 第二步：判断语态→看主语和动词的关系，主语是动作承受者，用被动语态 示例：The letter ____ (post) for 3 days. → 有for+时间段，用现在完成时；信是被寄，用被动→has been posted 1. 单复数陷阱：主语是不可数名词/单数，用has；复数用have，不要被by后的宾语迷惑 2. 时态混淆陷阱：看到for/since，优先用现在完成时，而非一般过去时 3. 被动结构遗漏陷阱：必须有been，have/has + 过去分词是主动，不是被动 4. 不规则动词陷阱：熟记常见不规则动词的过去分词，避免拼写错误 【高一真题】- ____ the new library ____ yet? - Yes, it ____ last month. A. Has; built; was finished B. Has; been built; was finished C. Did; build; finished D. Did; been built; finished 解题步骤： 1. 第一句有yet，用现在完成时，排除C、D 2. 图书馆是被建造，用被动语态，需要加been，排除A 3. 第二句有last month，用一般过去时被动，was finished符合 答案：B 1. 先看选项，直接排除时态/语态结构错误的选项 2. 先找时间状语，快速锁定时态范围 3. 先判断主被动，再判断时态，缩小选择范围 一、单句语法填空；在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．We have lost everything, but thank God, our lives_______________ (spare). 2．It is amazing how the small town_______________ (transform) into a modern tourist city over the past decade. 3．Creatures such as mice, fish and mosquitoes have also been sent_______________ the station. 4．Large quantities of water_______________ (pollute) since the explosion at the chemical plant. 5．Single use surgical masks_______________(find) thrown around pavements, waterways and beaches worldwide since countries began ordering their use in public places. 6．He feels that his skills have never been fully appreciated or_______________ (exploit). 7．Many trees_______________(plant) in the park since last year. And more trees_______________(sow) these days to make the park greener. 8．New functions_______________ (add) to the phone so far to make it more convenient for users. 9．Over the years, various spacesuits_______________ (design) to meet these criteria. 10．The old factory has been_______________ (transform) into an art gallery. 11．Since Granovetter first came up with his theory, his work_______________ (cite) in over 19,000 papers. 12．The child_______________ (take) good care of by Grandma Wang all these years. 13．So far, lots of new and modern facilities_______________ (put) in place. 14．Hearing the story, they (move) from the bottom of their hearts yesterday． 15．Her poem themed her deep love for children_______________ (submit) to the national poetry contest before the deadline last month. 16．The volleyball coach along with his team members_______________(interview) for their performance shortly after the match. 17．In ancient Egypt, the harvest festival_______________ (celebrate) during the spring time---the Egyptian harvest season. 18．The man got_______________ (poisonous) after drinking the water in the bottle. 19．Up to now, thousands of red phone boxes, the old image of Britain,_______________ (remove) due to mobile phones. 20．Many historic sites which are of great value_______________ (destroy) seriously by human activities in the last few decades. 21．When and where professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture_______________ (not decide) yet. 22．A clone is an animal or a plant that_______________(be produced)artificially. It is identical with the original animal or plant. 23．Over the past few years, many high-tech products_______________ (export) to foreign countries from this region. 24．Not only the foreign students but also the teacher______________________________(attract) by the authentic Chinese tea culture so far. 25．Over the past five years, large amounts of rubbish, such as plastic bags,_______________ (collect) by the volunteer team. 26．Innovation is key to business survival, and for years a lot of resources_______________ (invest) by companies in inspiring employees to develop new ideas. 27．Since 1748, Pompeii_______________ (dig) systematically from its silent resting place. 28．Recently the community_______________ (stir) by the announcement of a new development project that could significantly change the local landscape. 29．Working efficiency_______________ since this new software was adopted. (improve) 30．Recently it_______________（circulate）in our company that we’ll have a new president next month，and the speed of the_______________（circulate）of the news is surprising. 二、完成句子 1. 他们什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没定下来。 When they will start and where they will go  ____________. 2. 我们到达了那家修建于1999年的工厂。 We arrived at the factory, ___________. 3. Has anyone made a comment about the online database? (改为现在完成时的被动语态) _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. He ___________ ___________ ___________(已被挑选出来) to take part in the sports meeting. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 5. This idea _________________________ (都已经说明) all of us. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 6. 已被证明，整理你的桌子可以提高你的学习和工作效率。 It ___________ ___________ ___________ that sorting out your desk can improve your learning and working efficiency. 7. The army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those trapped and to bury the dead.(同义句改写) The army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those ___________ ___________ ___________ and to bury the dead. 8. A Chinese scientist has already developed a pen-like computer. （同义句转换） A pen-like computer ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ by a Chinese scientist. 9. Can you ________________(别挂断) for a minute? I will get him for you. (hold) 10. 目前，救灾物资已经准备就绪，即将被运往甘肃省的地震灾区。 So far, relief supplies _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ and will be sent to earthquake-hit areas in Gansu Province 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Most people suffer from what is known as “just-me-ism”. That is, people think their small bad habits won’t matter because “it’s just me”. 1 if millions of people think this way, great harm will be done to the environment. To solve this problem, Roots & Shoots 2 (establish) by Dr. Jane Goodall in the early 1990s. She is a world-famous scientist 3 studies wild chimpanzees and is committed to environmental protection. The purpose of this institute is to educate young people, from pre-schoolers to university students, to build a future where humans live 4 peace with nature. The name “Roots & Shoots” has a special meaning. Roots grow slowly under the ground 5 (make) a firm foundation, and shoots seem small but can break open brick 6 (wall) to reach the light. The roots and shoots refer to young people around the world. Hundreds of thousands of them are able to solve problems and make the world   7 (good) together. Dr. Goodall believes every individual 8 (matter). Even small actions, like cheering up a sad person or watering a thirsty plant, make 9 difference. As she said, it is by acting together 10 we can change the world. You cannot be absent from building a shared future. 5 / 5乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $