专题04 动词-ing形式作定语&表语-【简语法-暑假自习课】-2026-2027学年英语新高二语法预习重难点逐项突破（人教版）

暑假 · 重难点突破 专题04动词-ing形式作定语&表语 新高二英语（人教版） 1. 熟悉“动词-ing形式作定语&表语”用法 2. 掌握“动词-ing形式作定语&表语”解题技巧 3. 轻松驾驭“动词-ing形式作定语&表语”真题 高二英语语法预习 -动词-ing形式作定语&表语 模块一：动词-ing 作定语 分类 具体用法规则 适用场景 高频易错点 1：位置规则 单个动词-ing单词：置于被修饰名词前方；动词-ing短语（ing+宾语/状语）：必须置于被修饰名词后方 适用于所有名词修饰场景，是判断定语成分的基础依据 严禁将ing短语前置修饰名词，属于基础语法错误，考试高频扣分点 2：逻辑规则 ing作定语仅表示主动、正在进行的动作；若名词为动作承受者、动作已完成，不可用ing形式 用于区分现在分词（ing）和过去分词（done）作定语的核心场景 易与done混淆，done表被动、完成，做题不可仅凭“修饰名词”直接选ing 3：词性属性 整体具备纯形容词属性，无谓语动词功能，不能单独作句子谓语 用于区分谓语动词（进行时）和非谓语定语用法 误区：误以为be+ing结构均可作定语，进行时结构无法充当定语 经典例句 1. 前置定语（单个ing单词）：a running boy 一个正在奔跑的男孩；a sleeping baby 一个熟睡的婴儿 2. 后置定语（ing短语）：The girl singing in the park is my sister. （在公园里唱歌的那个女孩是我妹妹） 模块二：动词-ing 作表语 分类 具体用法规则 适用场景 高频易错点 1：位置规则 固定位于系动词之后，常见系动词：be、become、seem、look、sound等 所有主系表结构句型，用于补充说明主语 混淆位置：表语绝不修饰名词，只对应主语，不随名词位置变化 2：功能规则 分为两类用法：1. 形容词性ing：描述主语特征、特质；2. 动名词性ing：说明主语具体内容、爱好 形容词性多用于事物评价，动名词性多用于职业、爱好、内容说明 混淆ing表语与进行时：进行时表“正在做动作”，表语表“主语固有状态/特征” 3：句式属性 be+ing整体为主系表结构，无动作时态含义，不表示正在进行的动作 区分谓语进行时与非谓语表语的核心依据 误区：看到be+ing就判定为现在进行时，忽略表语用法 经典例句 1. 形容词性表语（描述特征）：The story is interesting. （这个故事很有趣） 2. 动名词性表语（说明内容）：His hobby is painting. （他的爱好是画画） 3. 易混对比（进行时vs表语）：He is reading.（进行时：他正在读书） 模块三：动词-ing 作定语-解题技巧 分类 核心解题步骤 解题判断依据 考场秒杀技巧 1：判成分 通读句子，快速定位空格前后是否有可修饰名词，确定是否考查定语用法 有依托名词→大概率定语；无名词依托→排除定语用法 句子无名词无需考虑ing定语，直接优先其他成分 2：判逻辑 判断被修饰名词与ing动作的逻辑关系，区分主动/被动、进行/完成 名词主动发动作、动作正在发生→选ing；被动、完成→选done 只要存在被动或完成含义，直接排除ing选项 3：判位置 根据空格位置，匹配ing单词/短语的前置、后置规则 名词前单空→单个ing单词；名词后长空格→ing短语 位置不符直接排除，无需纠结语义，快速筛错 模块四：动词-ing 作表语-解题技巧 分类 核心解题步骤 解题判断依据 考场秒杀技巧 1：判句型 快速识别句子为主系表结构，空格在系动词后，优先判定表语用法 主语+系动词+空格，无后续宾语，大概率考查表语 系动词后空格，直接排除定语用法 2：判语义 分析空格内容是描述主语状态特征，还是主语发出的具体动作 表状态、特质→ing表语；表瞬时进行动作→进行时谓语 可翻译为“很……/是……”即为表语，可翻译“正在……”为进行时 3：判成分 确认句中无被修饰名词，ing形式仅服务于主语，锁定表语成分 无名词修饰关系、仅说明主语属性→表语 无名词依托+系后位置，100%为表语用法 一：单句语法填空题 1. The boy ______ (wait) patiently at the school gate is my new deskmate. 答案：waiting 解析：waiting patiently at the school gate为-ing后置定语，主动修饰名词the boy，表正在进行的动作，句子谓语为is，故填waiting。 2. The latest news from abroad is very ______ (surprise) to all of us. 答案：surprising 解析：surprising位于系动词is后作表语，修饰事物news，表“令人惊讶的”，描述主语特征，符合-ing表语用法。 3. We all deeply like the ______ (smile) warm face of our head teacher. 答案：smiling 解析：单个-ing单词smiling作前置定语，修饰名词face，意为“微笑的脸庞”，起到修饰限定名词的作用。 4. His greatest daily hobby is ______ (collect) various kinds of old stamps. 答案：collecting 解析：collecting stamps位于系动词后作表语，解释主语hobby的具体内容，动名词作表语，无名词修饰关系。 5. The girl ______ (dance) gracefully on the stage looks extremely beautiful. 答案：dancing 解析：dancing gracefully on the stage为-ing后置定语，主动修饰the girl，表动作正在进行，句子谓语为looks。 6. This touching movie is so ______ (move) that many audiences cried. 答案：moving 解析：moving在系动词is后作表语，描述电影感人的特质，属于形容词性-ing作表语，修饰主语属性。 7. I have a close friend ______ (work) in a big hospital in Beijing. 答案：working 解析：working in Beijing为-ing后置定语，主动修饰名词friend，表长期持续的工作状态，符合定语用法。 8. What he said just now in class is quite ______ (amuse) for us all. 答案：amusing 解析：amusing作表语，位于系动词is后，修饰主语内容，意为“有趣的”，描述主语的性质特征。 9. The ______ (shine) bright sun makes the whole world warm and lovely. 答案：shining 解析：shining为单个-ing单词，作前置定语修饰sun，意为“闪耀的太阳”，限定名词特征。 10. My favorite daily sport is ______ (swim) in the community pool. 答案：swimming 解析：swimming作动名词表语，在系动词后说明主语sport的具体内容，无修饰名词的语法功能。 二：句子辨析填空题（判断下列句子中“动词-ing”形式的词在句中充当什么成分） 1. The sleeping little cat in the yard is very lovely and cute. （ ） 答案：定语 解析：单个sleeping前置修饰名词cat，译为“熟睡的小猫”，仅修饰限定名词，属于-ing前置定语。 2. The lovely cat in the yard is sleeping quietly on the grass. （ ） 答案：谓语（拓展区分：非定语、非表语，现在进行时） 解析：be+sleeping构成现在进行时，是句子核心谓语，表正在发生的动作，区别于定语、表语用法。 3. The new daily task we received is challenging for all workers. （ ） 答案：表语 解析：challenging位于系动词is后，描述主语task“有挑战性的”特征，用于说明主语属性，为-ing表语。 4. I truly admire this challenging and meaningful job very much. （ ） 答案：定语 解析：challenging前置修饰名词job，译为“有挑战性的工作”，修饰限定名词，属于-ing前置定语。 5. The students listening carefully in class are my close classmates. （ ） 答案：定语 解析：listening carefully in class为-ing短语，后置修饰名词students，表主动进行的动作，是后置定语。 6. His short speech at the meeting is inspiring for every young student. （ ） 答案：表语 解析：inspiring在系动词后，描述主语speech“鼓舞人心的”特质，用于刻画主语特征，属于-ing表语。 7. We watched the inspiring wonderful performance in the school hall. （ ） 答案：定语 解析：inspiring修饰名词performance，限定“鼓舞人心的演出”，修饰名词，属于典型-ing前置定语。 8. Her biggest lifelong dream is becoming a professional doctor. （ ） 答案：表语 解析：becoming a doctor在系动词后，具体解释主语dream的内容，用于说明主语，为-ing表语。 9. The running clear river near our village is clean and beautiful. （ ） 答案：定语 解析：running前置修饰名词river，译为“流淌的小河”，修饰限定名词属性，属于-ing前置定语。 10. The story told by my teacher is boring and not attractive at all. （ ） 答案：表语 解析：boring位于系动词is后，描述主语story“无聊的”性质，刻画主语特征，是-ing形式作表语。 三：完成句子 1．正在讨论的这个问题困扰着我，但是网络使得搜索相关信息很方便 (分词做定语，it形式宾语) The question ________________ puzzles me, but the Internet ________________ some related information. 【答案】 being discussed makes it convenient to search for 【详解】考查非谓语动词以及it做形式宾语。“正在讨论的”为现在分词的被动形式being discussed作后置定语。再根据“puzzles”可知，本句为一般现在时。“使……方便做某事”为“make it convenient to do sth”,it做形式宾语，动词不定式作真正的宾语。“搜索”为“search for”。故填being discussed ；makes it convenient to search for。 2．乔丹说他成功的秘诀是从自己的失败中吸取教训。 Jordan says that the secret to his success is ______ ______ ______ ______. 【答案】 learning from his/the failures 【详解】考查动词短语。“从……中吸取教训”使用动词短语learn from，“失败”使用名词复数failures，此处使用现在分词作表语，强调状态的主动性和持续性，故填①learning②from③his/the④failures。 3．根据中国的法律，任何人都没有权力占有属于国家的土地。(belong) According to China’s laws,anyone has no right to take the land ________ ________ the state as their own. 【答案】 belonging to 【详解】表示“属于”短语为belong to，与land构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。 4．这所大学有很多选修课，从艺术到动物学等各类课程。 There are many optional courses for students in this university, ________ ________ art ________ zoology. 【答案】 ranging from to 【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查表示“从...到...不等”的意思对应的动词短语range from...to...在句中做后置定语，修饰前面的名词courses，动作range是名词courses主动发出的，所以用现在分词形式。故填ranging from to。 5．现在，在空中能载更多人的飞机比以前更多了。（carry） Today there are more airplanes ______ ______ ______ than ever before in the sky. 【答案】 carrying more people 【详解】考查非谓语动词。airplanes与carry是逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词，做定语，表主动关系。故填(1). carrying；(2). more；(3). people。 6．那辆属于我邻居的车在我家门前停了好几个小时。 The car, __________ __________ my neighbor, was parked in front of my house for hours. 【答案】 belonging to 【详解】考查动词短语。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处表示“属于”，应用动词短语belong to，已有谓语was parked，所以本空用非谓语形式，car与belong to之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语，修饰car。故填①belonging；②to。 7．那边在树下读书的男孩是谁？ Who is the boy__________________over there? 【答案】(that is) reading under the tree 【详解】考查定语从句或非谓语动词。本题可以用定语从句或现在分词作定语。故填(that is) reading under the tree。 8．每年，人们都会举办各种各样的活动庆祝国庆节，从升旗仪式到烟花表演。 Every year, people celebrate the National Day with a variety of activities ________ ________the flag-raising ceremony to fireworks. 【答案】 ranging from 【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据汉意提示，空处应为固定搭配range from...to...“在……到……之间变化”，且应为非谓语动词形式。range为不及物动词，无被动形式，所以应为现在分词形式作后置定语修饰名词“activities”。故填ranging from。 9．这两个人是在阿富汗偏远地区寻找财富的探险家。 The two are explorers ______ their ______ in a remote region of Afghanistan. 【答案】 seeking fortune 【详解】考查非谓语动词和名词。寻找财富为seek one’s fortune，与explorers 为主动关系，用现在分词作定语。fortune作宾语。故填seeking；fortune。 10．上个月离世的那位老人是一位善良的老师。 The old man ________ ________ last month was a kind teacher. 【答案】 passing away 【详解】通过对比可知，空格处表达“离世的”，“离世”是固定短语pass away，句中谓语是was，空格处用非谓语动词，The old man和pass away是主谓关系，因此用现在分词表主动，作后置定语。 11．那把属于他已故祖父的旧吉他是他唯一珍视的东西。 The old guitar ________ ________ his late grandfather was the only thing he treasured. 【答案】 belonging to 【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。belong to意为“属于”，在句中作后置定语修饰the old guitar，因guitar与belong to是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式belonging to。 12．昨天一支由四名医生和六名护士组成的医疗队被派往前线。 The medical team __________ ____________ four doctors and six nurses ________sent to the front yesterday. 【答案】 consisting of was 【详解】考查非谓语动词和主谓一致。根据汉语句意可知，“由……组成”可用短语be consisting of表示，在本句中作主语The medial team的后置定语，需用非谓语形式，因而填consisting of；本句主语是The medial team，为第三人称单数，结合“昨天”可知时态为一般过去时，因而be动词用was。故填①consisting②of③was。 【点睛】 13．鸡蛋呈椭圆形，对艺术家很有吸引力。 Eggs have an oval shape ___________ ___________ artists. 【答案】 appealing to 【详解】考查现在分词。根据汉语句意可知，设空处表示“对……有吸引力”，可用短语appeal to，此处整个短语作后置定语，修饰前面的oval shape，且表示主动关系，appeal应用现在分词形式。故填appealing to。 14．因此，倾听是一种由听、理解和记忆组成的主动行为，而不是被动行为。 Listening is thus an active, not a passive, behavior ________ ________ hearing, understanding and remembering. 【答案】 consisting of 【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。根据句意以及句子结构可知，此处为固定短语consist of“由……组成”，满足句意要求，结合句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰behavior，behavior和consist of为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故分别填consisting；of。 15．这块神秘的碑石，属于某个未知的古代文明，被陈列在博物馆里并有严密安保。 The mysterious stone tablet, ________ ________an unknown ancient civilization, was displayed in the museum with strict security.(belong短语) 【答案】 belonging to 【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“属于”使用动词短语belong to，和stone tablet之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作定语，故填①belonging②to。 四：语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 Lamps from the Han Dynasty exhibited a diverse range of forms, 1 featured patterns such as wild goose feet, the Vermillion Birds, oxen, sheep, and others. One 2 (impress) example is the “Painted Bronze Lamp in the Shape of Goose Carrying Fish,” a 2,000-year-old art piece that shows a standing goose with its head turned back. The whole lamp is made of four sections, 3 (specific) the goose head and long neck with fish in its beak (喙) the body, the lamp tray (托盘) 4 the lamp shade (灯罩). The goose has a full-bodied shape with two wings on both 5 (side), a short upward tail and two feet. The lamp tray has a handle on the back of the goose, and the lamp shade is made up of two curved plates. The tray and shade can be opened and closed by turning, which serves not only 6 a windscreen, but also to adjust the brightness of the light. The fish body, the goose neck and its body are empty and connected 7 (hold) the smoke. All parts can 8 (take) apart for cleaning. Such a smart design makes it a perfect 9 (unite) of function and form and a piece of rare art treasure. This splendid piece, 10 (measure) 53 cm in height and 34.5 cm in length, was unearthed in 1985 in Shuozhou, Shanxi Province. 【答案】 1．which 2．impressive 3．specifically 4．and 5．sides 6．as 7．to hold 8．be taken 9．union 10．measuring 【导语】文章主要讲述了汉代灯具的多样形式，并以“彩绘雁鱼青铜釭灯”为例，详细介绍了其精巧的结构设计、实用功能及独特的艺术价值。 【详解】1．考查定语从句。句意：汉代的灯具形式多样，（这些灯具）以雁足、朱雀、牛、羊等图案为特色。根据句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词Lamps指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。 2．考查形容词。句意：一个令人印象深刻的例子是“彩绘雁鱼青铜釭灯”——一件有2000年历史的艺术品，展现了一只站立的雁回头张望的姿态。本句中名词example前需用形容词修饰，impress的形容词形式为impressive，意为“令人印象深刻的”。 3．考查副词。句意：整盏灯由四个部分组成，具体地说，就是雁头和衔鱼的长颈、雁身、灯盘和灯罩。此处用于对four sections进行具体列举说明，应用副词specifically作状语，意为“具体地，特别地”。 4．考查连词。句意：整盏灯由四个部分组成，具体地说，就是雁头和衔鱼的长颈、雁身、灯盘和灯罩。根据“four sections”及列举内容可知，the lamp tray与the lamp shade是并列的最后一项，应用并列连词and连接。 5．考查名词。句意：这只雁体态丰满，两侧有双翅，尾部短而上翘，还有两只脚。both后接可数名词复数形式，side的复数为sides。 6．考查介词。句意：灯盘和灯罩可以通过转动来开合，这不仅用作挡风屏，还可以调节灯光的亮度。serve as是固定搭配，意为“用作，充当”。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：鱼身、雁颈和雁身都是中空的，并且彼此连通，用来容纳烟雾。此处表示目的，应用不定式to hold作目的状语。 8．考查动词的语态。句意：所有部件都可以拆卸下来进行清洗。parts与take apart之间是被动关系，且情态动词can后接动词原形，故用be taken。 9．考查名词。句意：如此巧妙的设计使其成为功能与形式的完美结合，也是一件罕见的艺术珍品。perfect是形容词，后接名词，unite的名词形式为union，意为“结合，联合”，由a可知，应用单数。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：这件精美的器物高53厘米，长34.5厘米，于1985年在山西省朔州市出土。measure表示“（尺寸、长度、数量等）量度为”时是系动词，无被动形式，应用现在分词measuring作后置定语。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 2 One dad on the South of Chicago is trying to make a 1 (different) in his neighborhood，one book at a time. Several years ago，Joe Williams volunteered in the lunchroom at his daughter’s primary school.One day，his daughter’s teacher needed someone to watch her students for a few 2 (minute )while she was grading papers，so she called Williams into the classroom to watch the students. That 3 (be) the beginning of the“Mr.Dad’s Father’s Club.” I picked up a book 4 read it to the class，Williams said.“The class enjoyed the book so much that the teachers wanted 5 (I)to start coming every week to read books for kids.As I started to do that，other fathers started to come in .They were very 6 (interest).They were like，’Hey，can we be a part of this?’ I was like，’Of course.’” Up to now，more than150 fathers 7 (join) the Mr.Dad’s Father’s Club.The organization works to enrich the lives of young people in Chicago’s South Side. My goal is to encourage fathers 8 (stay) active in their Kids ‘lives and in their community.Hopefully，one day，we would like to build 9 community centre，where there is a library and we can offer more resources，Williams explained. For now，the organization focuses heavily 10 monthly reading events.It also runs a weekly fatherhood support group for dads in their community. 【答案】 1. difference 2. minutes 3. was 4. and 5. me 6. interested 7. have joined 8. to stay 9. a 10. on 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位父亲用阅读的方式，吸引更多的人加入阅读，成立俱乐部，从而改变社区的故事。 【详解】1. 考查名词。句意：芝加哥南部的一位父亲正在努力改变他的社区，一次一本书。不定冠词a之后，应该加上名词，且make a difference意为“起作用；有影响”，在根据提示，故填difference。 2. 考查名词。句意：一天，他女儿的老师在批改试卷时需要有人帮她看几分钟，于是她把威廉姆斯叫到教室里去看学生。a few修饰可数名词的复数形式，minute的复数形式是minutes，故填minutes。 3. 考查主谓一致。句意：这就是“爸爸先生的父亲俱乐部”的开始。that指代上文出现的内容，所叙述事件为几年前发生，后面的谓语应用过去式，主语单数，故填was。 4. 考查连词。句意：“我拿起一本书，读给全班听，”威廉姆斯说。两个动词 picked up和read之间是并列的关系，应该用连词and来连接，故填and。 5. 考查代词。句意：全班同学都很喜欢这本书，老师们想让我每周都来给孩子们读书。动词want之后缺少宾语，应该用I的宾格形式作为宾语，故填me。 6. 考查形容词。句意：他们很感兴趣。be动词were之后，缺少表语，可以用形容词，此处用来形容人的情绪，应该用ed形式形容词，故填interested。 7. 考查时态。句意：到目前为止，已有150多名父亲加入了“爸爸先生的父亲俱乐部”。Up to now为现在完成时的标志，此处表示“加入”的动作已经完成，主语是fathers复数形式，谓语动词应该用复数形式，故填have joined。 8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：我的目标是鼓励父亲们在孩子的生活和社区中保持活跃。encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”，故填to stay。 9. 考查冠词。句意：希望有一天，我们能建立一个社区中心，那里有一个图书馆，我们可以提供更多的资源，威廉姆斯解释说。community是单数可数名词，且是辅音音素开头，故填a。 10. 考查介词。句意：目前，该组织主要关注每月的阅读活动。monthly reading events在句中作为宾语，前面可以填介词。focus on意为“关注”，故填on。 12 / 12乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $暑假 · 重难点突破 专题04动词-ing形式作定语&表语 新高二英语（人教版） 1. 熟悉“动词-ing形式作定语&表语”用法 2. 掌握“动词-ing形式作定语&表语”解题技巧 3. 轻松驾驭“动词-ing形式作定语&表语”真题 高二英语语法预习 -动词-ing形式作定语&表语 模块一：动词-ing 作定语 分类 具体用法规则 适用场景 高频易错点 1：位置规则 单个动词-ing单词：置于被修饰名词前方；动词-ing短语（ing+宾语/状语）：必须置于被修饰名词后方 适用于所有名词修饰场景，是判断定语成分的基础依据 严禁将ing短语前置修饰名词，属于基础语法错误，考试高频扣分点 2：逻辑规则 ing作定语仅表示主动、正在进行的动作；若名词为动作承受者、动作已完成，不可用ing形式 用于区分现在分词（ing）和过去分词（done）作定语的核心场景 易与done混淆，done表被动、完成，做题不可仅凭“修饰名词”直接选ing 3：词性属性 整体具备纯形容词属性，无谓语动词功能，不能单独作句子谓语 用于区分谓语动词（进行时）和非谓语定语用法 误区：误以为be+ing结构均可作定语，进行时结构无法充当定语 经典例句 1. 前置定语（单个ing单词）：a running boy 一个正在奔跑的男孩；a sleeping baby 一个熟睡的婴儿 2. 后置定语（ing短语）：The girl singing in the park is my sister. （在公园里唱歌的那个女孩是我妹妹） 模块二：动词-ing 作表语 分类 具体用法规则 适用场景 高频易错点 1：位置规则 固定位于系动词之后，常见系动词：be、become、seem、look、sound等 所有主系表结构句型，用于补充说明主语 混淆位置：表语绝不修饰名词，只对应主语，不随名词位置变化 2：功能规则 分为两类用法：1. 形容词性ing：描述主语特征、特质；2. 动名词性ing：说明主语具体内容、爱好 形容词性多用于事物评价，动名词性多用于职业、爱好、内容说明 混淆ing表语与进行时：进行时表“正在做动作”，表语表“主语固有状态/特征” 3：句式属性 be+ing整体为主系表结构，无动作时态含义，不表示正在进行的动作 区分谓语进行时与非谓语表语的核心依据 误区：看到be+ing就判定为现在进行时，忽略表语用法 经典例句 1. 形容词性表语（描述特征）：The story is interesting. （这个故事很有趣） 2. 动名词性表语（说明内容）：His hobby is painting. （他的爱好是画画） 3. 易混对比（进行时vs表语）：He is reading.（进行时：他正在读书） 模块三：动词-ing 作定语-解题技巧 分类 核心解题步骤 解题判断依据 考场秒杀技巧 1：判成分 通读句子，快速定位空格前后是否有可修饰名词，确定是否考查定语用法 有依托名词→大概率定语；无名词依托→排除定语用法 句子无名词无需考虑ing定语，直接优先其他成分 2：判逻辑 判断被修饰名词与ing动作的逻辑关系，区分主动/被动、进行/完成 名词主动发动作、动作正在发生→选ing；被动、完成→选done 只要存在被动或完成含义，直接排除ing选项 3：判位置 根据空格位置，匹配ing单词/短语的前置、后置规则 名词前单空→单个ing单词；名词后长空格→ing短语 位置不符直接排除，无需纠结语义，快速筛错 模块四：动词-ing 作表语-解题技巧 分类 核心解题步骤 解题判断依据 考场秒杀技巧 1：判句型 快速识别句子为主系表结构，空格在系动词后，优先判定表语用法 主语+系动词+空格，无后续宾语，大概率考查表语 系动词后空格，直接排除定语用法 2：判语义 分析空格内容是描述主语状态特征，还是主语发出的具体动作 表状态、特质→ing表语；表瞬时进行动作→进行时谓语 可翻译为“很……/是……”即为表语，可翻译“正在……”为进行时 3：判成分 确认句中无被修饰名词，ing形式仅服务于主语，锁定表语成分 无名词修饰关系、仅说明主语属性→表语 无名词依托+系后位置，100%为表语用法 一：单句语法填空题 1. The boy _________ (wait) patiently at the school gate is my new deskmate. 2. The latest news from abroad is very _________ (surprise) to all of us. 3. We all deeply like the _________ (smile) warm face of our head teacher. 4. His greatest daily hobby is _________ (collect) various kinds of old stamps. 5. The girl _________ (dance) gracefully on the stage looks extremely beautiful. 6. This touching movie is so _________ (move) that many audiences cried. 7. I have a close friend _________ (work) in a big hospital in Beijing. 8. What he said just now in class is quite _________ (amuse) for us all. 9. The _________ (shine) bright sun makes the whole world warm and lovely. 10. My favorite daily sport is _________ (swim) in the community pool. 二：句子辨析填空题（判断下列句子中“动词-ing”形式的词在句中充当什么成分） 1. The sleeping little cat in the yard is very lovely and cute. （ ） 2. The lovely cat in the yard is sleeping quietly on the grass. （ ） 3. The new daily task we received is challenging for all workers. （ ） 4. I truly admire this challenging and meaningful job very much. （ ） 5. The students listening carefully in class are my close classmates. （ ） 6. His short speech at the meeting is inspiring for every young student. （ ） 7. We watched the inspiring wonderful performance in the school hall. （ ） 8. Her biggest lifelong dream is becoming a professional doctor. （ ） 9. The running clear river near our village is clean and beautiful. （ ） 10. The story told by my teacher is boring and not attractive at all. （ ） 三：完成句子 1．正在讨论的这个问题困扰着我，但是网络使得搜索相关信息很方便 (分词做定语，it形式宾语) The question _________________________ puzzles me, but the Internet _________________________ some related information. 2．乔丹说他成功的秘诀是从自己的失败中吸取教训。 Jordan says that the secret to his success is _________ _________ _________ _________. 3．根据中国的法律，任何人都没有权力占有属于国家的土地。(belong) According to China’s laws,anyone has no right to take the land ___________ ___________ the state as their own. 4．这所大学有很多选修课，从艺术到动物学等各类课程。 There are many optional courses for students in this university, ___________ ___________ art ___________ zoology. 5．现在，在空中能载更多人的飞机比以前更多了。（carry） Today there are more airplanes _________ _________ _________ than ever before in the sky. 6．那辆属于我邻居的车在我家门前停了好几个小时。 The car, ________________ ________________ my neighbor, was parked in front of my house for hours. 7．那边在树下读书的男孩是谁？ Who is the boy___________________________over there? 8．每年，人们都会举办各种各样的活动庆祝国庆节，从升旗仪式到烟花表演。 Every year, people celebrate the National Day with a variety of activities ___________ ___________the flag-raising ceremony to fireworks. 9．这两个人是在阿富汗偏远地区寻找财富的探险家。 The two are explorers _________ their _________ in a remote region of Afghanistan. 10．上个月离世的那位老人是一位善良的老师。 The old man ___________ ___________ last month was a kind teacher. 11．那把属于他已故祖父的旧吉他是他唯一珍视的东西。 The old guitar ___________ ___________ his late grandfather was the only thing he treasured. 12．昨天一支由四名医生和六名护士组成的医疗队被派往前线。 The medical team ________________ __________________ four doctors and six nurses ___________sent to the front yesterday. 13．鸡蛋呈椭圆形，对艺术家很有吸引力。 Eggs have an oval shape _________________ _________________ artists. 14．因此，倾听是一种由听、理解和记忆组成的主动行为，而不是被动行为。 Listening is thus an active, not a passive, behavior ___________ ___________ hearing, understanding and remembering. 15．这块神秘的碑石，属于某个未知的古代文明，被陈列在博物馆里并有严密安保。 The mysterious stone tablet, ___________ ___________an unknown ancient civilization, was displayed in the museum with strict security.(belong短语) 四：语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 Lamps from the Han Dynasty exhibited a diverse range of forms, 1 featured patterns such as wild goose feet, the Vermillion Birds, oxen, sheep, and others. One 2 (impress) example is the “Painted Bronze Lamp in the Shape of Goose Carrying Fish,” a 2,000-year-old art piece that shows a standing goose with its head turned back. The whole lamp is made of four sections, 3 (specific) the goose head and long neck with fish in its beak (喙) the body, the lamp tray (托盘) 4 the lamp shade (灯罩). The goose has a full-bodied shape with two wings on both 5 (side), a short upward tail and two feet. The lamp tray has a handle on the back of the goose, and the lamp shade is made up of two curved plates. The tray and shade can be opened and closed by turning, which serves not only 6 a windscreen, but also to adjust the brightness of the light. The fish body, the goose neck and its body are empty and connected 7 (hold) the smoke. All parts can 8 (take) apart for cleaning. Such a smart design makes it a perfect 9 (unite) of function and form and a piece of rare art treasure. This splendid piece, 10 (measure) 53 cm in height and 34.5 cm in length, was unearthed in 1985 in Shuozhou, Shanxi Province. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 2 One dad on the South of Chicago is trying to make a 1 (different) in his neighborhood，one book at a time. Several years ago，Joe Williams volunteered in the lunchroom at his daughter’s primary school.One day，his daughter’s teacher needed someone to watch her students for a few 2 (minute )while she was grading papers，so she called Williams into the classroom to watch the students. That 3 (be) the beginning of the“Mr.Dad’s Father’s Club.” I picked up a book 4 read it to the class，Williams said.“The class enjoyed the book so much that the teachers wanted 5 (I)to start coming every week to read books for kids.As I started to do that，other fathers started to come in .They were very 6 (interest).They were like，’Hey，can we be a part of this?’ I was like，’Of course.’” Up to now，more than150 fathers 7 (join) the Mr.Dad’s Father’s Club.The organization works to enrich the lives of young people in Chicago’s South Side. My goal is to encourage fathers 8 (stay) active in their Kids ‘lives and in their community.Hopefully，one day，we would like to build 9 community centre，where there is a library and we can offer more resources，Williams explained. For now，the organization focuses heavily 10 monthly reading events.It also runs a weekly fatherhood support group for dads in their community. 5 / 6乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $