人教版初高中英语语法衔接21天打卡计划（10-12）

**基本信息** 聚焦初高中英语语法衔接，以连词、构词法为核心，通过“基础-进阶”梯度设计整合方法提炼与知识逻辑，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |连词|5类并列连词、9类从属连词及综合训练|避双重连用、就近一致、语境逻辑辨析|并列-从属递进，初中基础逻辑到高中易混辨析| |构词法|3大构词法（派生/合成/转化）及综合训练|前缀改义后缀改性、熟词生义判断|派生-合成-转化关联，初中机械记词到高中语境活用| |阶段专项训练|代词/数词/介词/连词/构词法综合题|跨考点综合应用、易错陷阱规避|多考点融合，衔接巩固与能力迁移|

人教版初高中英语语法衔接21天打卡计划 （10-12） 第十天•连词 连词是英语核心功能虚词，无实际词义、不充当主语、谓语、宾语等任何句子成分，唯一作用是连接单词、短语或分句，串联句子逻辑，是构建并列句、复合句的核心骨架。连词贯穿初高中全部题型，广泛覆盖单项选择、语法填空、短文改错、完形填空与书面表达，同时是长难句拆解、句式升格的核心基础。 英语连词核心分为两大必考类别：并列连词、从属连词。两类用法层层递进，初中侧重基础逻辑识别、简单句套用；高中侧重易混辨析、语境适配、特殊句式、改错陷阱与长难句分析，是初高中语法衔接的核心关键模块。 一、连词整体初高中衔接总览 连词学习层层递进、衔接性极强，初高中考查核心差异集中在“基础识记”与“高阶活用”的层级差距。初中侧重认识连词、识别简单逻辑、完成基础填空选择；高中侧重近义辨析、句式适配、特殊语法规则、规避固定陷阱、适配复合句与写作升格。 学习维度 初中基础要求 高中进阶要求 词义掌握 熟记基础连词固定含义，能区分并列、转折、因果、选择基础逻辑，无精细辨析，语境单一无干扰 精准区分形近、义近连词及连词短语，判断句子隐性逻辑，攻克易混辨析、语境适配难点 句式运用 仅用于简单并列句、基础状语从句，句式简单无嵌套，规则固定死板 适配多层嵌套复合句，掌握连词省略、主谓一致、特殊搭配、倒装适配等高阶用法 常见误区 常出现连词双重连用、词义混用，无法区分连词、介词、副词词性差异 规避词性误用、逻辑错配、句式混用、固定搭配遗漏等高阶丢分陷阱 对应题型 基础单选、简单填空、句子改错，难度低、干扰项少 语法填空、短文改错、完形逻辑辨析、长难句拆解、书面表达升格 二、两大连词分类精讲（含初高中衔接用法） （一）并列连词 定义：用于连接语法地位平等、无主次、无从属关系的单词、短语或独立分句，构成并列句，是初中核心考点、高中句式基础。 【分类精讲】 并列连词共分为并列、递进、转折、因果、选择五大语义逻辑，五类句型独立考点、分层递进。 1. 并列关系（and / both...and...） 表格：并列关系连词精讲（核心词汇：and / both...and...） 核心词汇 合并精讲（初高中整合） 经典例句 and / both...and... 基础并列连词，用于连接词性、地位对等的单词、短语或分句。1. and：表并列、顺承、递进，可暗含条件、结果隐性逻辑；2. both...and...：表“两者都”，连接主语时谓语动词必须用复数。二者适配简单句与长难句，是写作基础升格句式，初高中通用。 Both teamwork and personal effort matter in our study and life. 团队协作与个人努力在学习和生活中都至关重要。 【衔接核心总结】 初中掌握基础并列句式、主谓复数规则；高中重点掌握 and 隐性逻辑与书面句式升格，适配长难句与写作。 【经典例句】 Reading and thinking can improve our cognitive ability constantly. 阅读与思考能不断提升我们的认知能力。 Both teamwork and personal effort matter in our study and life. 团队协作与个人努力在学习和生活中都至关重要。 He finished his homework and began to preview new lessons. 他完成作业后，便开始预习新课。 Kindness and honesty are precious qualities for teenagers. 善良与诚实是青少年的宝贵品质。 【小试牛刀】 用 and / both...and... 完成句子填空 1. Sports _______ music make our after-school life colorful. 2. _______ singing _______ dancing are her favorite hobbies. 3. He gets up early _______ practices oral English every morning. 4. Study hard _______ you will make steady progress. 2. 递进关系（not only...but also...） 表格：递进关系连词精讲（核心词汇：not only...but also...） 核心词汇 合并精讲（初高中整合） 经典例句 not only...but also... 核心递进句型，表“不仅……而且……”，可连接任意对等成分。核心考点：1. 严格遵循就近主谓一致；2. 置于句首触发句子部分倒装；是语法填空、短文改错高频考点，也是写作递进升格核心句型。 Not only knowledge but also morality shapes a good student. 不仅学识，品德也能成就优秀的学生。 【衔接核心总结】 初中识记递进含义；高中主攻就近一致、句首倒装、写作升格，为高频拉分考点。 【经典例句】 Not only knowledge but also morality shapes a good student. 不仅学识，品德也能成就优秀的学生。 Not only I but also my deskmate is interested in English reading. 不仅我，我的同桌也喜欢英语阅读。 She not only studies well but also takes an active part in activities. 她不仅学习优异，还积极参与各类活动。 This method is not only simple but also highly efficient. 这个方法不仅简单，而且效率极高。 【小试牛刀】 用 not only...but also... 完成填空，注意主谓一致 1. Not only Tom but also his sister _______ (like) playing the piano. 2. The book is _______ useful _______ interesting for middle school students. 3. _______ exercise _______ healthy diet keeps us energetic.（补全词组） 4. He _______ plays basketball well _______ runs fast. 3. 转折关系（but / yet / while） 表格：转折关系连词精讲（核心词汇：but / yet / while） 核心词汇 合并精讲（初高中整合） 经典例句 but / yet / while 三类转折、对比类并列连词，语义侧重不同：1. but：通用直白转折，表“但是”；2. yet：带意外、惋惜语气的转折；3.while：侧重前后事物鲜明对比，表“而”。必考禁忌：although/though 绝不与 but、yet 连用。 I prefer quiet reading while my brother loves outdoor sports. 我偏爱安静阅读，而我的弟弟热爱户外运动。 【衔接核心总结】 初中掌握 but 基础转折；高中重点辨析 but/yet/while 语义差异，规避“双重连词连用”必考陷阱。 【经典例句】 The task is tough but we never choose to give up. 任务很艰巨，但我们从不选择放弃。 He practiced hard every day, yet he failed the final competition. 他每日刻苦练习，却还是输掉了总决赛。 I prefer quiet reading while my brother loves outdoor sports. 我偏爱安静阅读，而我的弟弟热爱户外运动。 The plan is perfect yet lacking in practical operation. 这个方案很完善，但缺乏实际可操作性。 【小试牛刀】 用 but / yet / while 填空 1. He is young, _______ he has rich life experience. 2. She prepared fully for the exam, _______ she didn’t get a good grade. 3. Some people like staying at home _______ others like travelling. 4. The clothes look beautiful, _______ they are not comfortable to wear. 4. 因果关系（so / for） 表格：因果关系连词精讲（核心词汇：so / for） 核心词汇 合并精讲（初高中整合） 经典例句 so / for 两类因果类并列连词，用法差异明确：1. so：通用结果连词，表“所以、因此”，承接前文直接原因；2. for：表补充间接原因，语气最弱，仅可放句中、不可置于句首。核心规则：because 与 so、for 禁止同句连用。 He must be tired, for he has worked the whole day. 他一定很累了，因为他已经工作了一整天。 【衔接核心总结】 初中掌握 so 表结果；高中掌握 for 的特殊用法，杜绝 because、so 连用错误。 【经典例句】 It rained heavily yesterday, so we canceled the outdoor activity. 昨日大雨滂沱，因此我们取消了户外活动。 He must be tired, for he has worked the whole day. 他一定很累了，因为他已经工作了一整天。 She got up late, so she hurried to school without breakfast. 她起晚了，所以没吃早饭就匆忙赶往学校。 The road is wet, for it rained just now. 路面是湿的，因为刚刚下过雨。 【小试牛刀】 用 so / for 填空 1. He studied hard, _______ he passed the exam easily. 2. The room is quiet, _______ everyone is focusing on study. 3. She was ill, _______ she didn’t come to class today. 4. He must be hungry, _______ he hasn’t eaten anything since morning. 5. 选择关系（or / either...or... / neither...nor...） 表格：选择关系连词精讲（核心词汇：or / either...or... / neither...nor...） 核心词汇 合并精讲（初高中整合） 经典例句 or / either...or... / neither...nor... 三类选择、否定选择连词，均适配主谓一致考点：1. or：表“或者”选择、“否则”警示两层含义；2. either...or...：二选一，表“要么……要么……”；3. neither...nor...：双重否定，表“既不……也不……”。后两组连接主语时，严格遵循就近主谓一致原则。 Either you or your deskmate has to clean the classroom today. 今天要么你要么你的同桌需要打扫教室。 【衔接核心总结】 初中掌握 or 基础含义；高中重点掌握三组选择连词的就近一致原则与语境辨析。 【经典例句】 Hurry up, or you will miss the early bus. 快点，否则你会错过早班车。 Either you or your deskmate has to clean the classroom today. 今天要么你要么你的同桌需要打扫教室。 Neither late study nor lazy attitude helps improve grades. 熬夜学习和懒散的态度都无法提升成绩。 You can choose to read books or listen to music in your free time. 空闲时间你可以选择看书或者听音乐。 【小试牛刀】 用 or / either...or... / neither...nor... 填空 1. Get ready quickly, _______ you will be late for the meeting. 2. _______ Tom _______ his brother likes playing chess. （两人都不喜欢） 3. You can _______ join the sports club _______ the art club. （二选一） 4. _______ you keep working hard _______ you will fall behind.（二选一） 表格2：并列连词核心易错规则（初高中必考） 易错考点 规则解析与避坑指南 正误示例 双重连词连用错误 英语单句只允许一套逻辑连词，禁止连用：because不接so，although/though不接but/yet，是短文改错TOP1考点。 错：Although he tried, but he failed. 正：Although he tried, he failed. 就近一致误用 not only...but also.../either...or.../neither...nor...三组连词，谓语单复数由最近主语决定，不受远主语影响。 Not only I but also he is good at English. for位置误用 for表补充原因，语气最弱，仅可置于句中，绝对不能置于句首，多用于书面句式。 错：For he is ill, he is absent. 正：He is absent, for he is ill. while语义混淆 while作并列连词仅表“对比”，不表时间；表时间为从属连词用法，考场需精准区分语境逻辑。 He works hard while his brother is lazy. 【衔接核心总结】 初中核心掌握并列连词基础词义、简单句式运用、禁止双重连用规则；高中重点突破就近主谓一致、while精准辨析、for特殊用法、写作句式升格，攻克改错与语法填空高频陷阱。 【经典例句】 Both persistence and courage are important for our success in life. 坚持和勇气都是我们人生成功的关键。 The task is difficult yet we have enough confidence to finish it well. 任务虽难，但我们有充足信心做好。 Hurry up and keep moving or you will fall behind others. 抓紧前行，否则你会落后于人。 Not only books but also experience can enrich our knowledge greatly. 书本和阅历都能极大丰富我们的学识。 【小试牛刀】 选用合适的并列连词（and/but/or/so/while）填空 1. He studied very hard, _______ he failed the final exam. 2. Keep working steadily, _______ you will achieve your dream soon. 3. I prefer reading indoors _______ my friend loves outdoor sports. 4. It rained heavily, _______ we put off the outdoor sports meeting. （二）从属连词 定义：用于引导各类状语从句，连接主句与从句，从句依附主句存在、无独立语义，是高中复合句、长难句分析、语法填空、短文改错的核心重难点。 【分类精讲】 从属连词按语义逻辑分为时间、条件、让步、原因、目的/结果五大必考类别，初高中知识点整合细化，全覆盖考纲重难点。 1. 时间状语从句（when / while / as / before / after / until / since） 表格：时间状语从句连词精讲 核心词汇 合并精讲（初高中整合细化） 经典例句 when / while / as / before / after / until / since 引导时间状语从句，修饰主句动作时间，通用主将从现规则（从句不用将来时）。核心辨析：1. when：通用，可接瞬间/延续动作；2. while：仅接延续动作，表同步进行；3. as：表伴随、“随着、一边……一边”；4. before/after：表动作先后顺序；5. until：直到……，not...until 表“直到……才”；6. since：自从……，从句过去时、主句多用现在完成时。 As time goes by, we become more mature and responsible. 随着时间流逝，我们愈发成熟负责。 【衔接核心总结】 初中重点掌握基础连词词义、动作先后逻辑、主将从现基础时态；高中深耕四组易混连词（when/while/as）语境辨析、not...until倒装句式、since时态固定搭配，攻克长难句时间逻辑拆解与写作句式升格。 【经典例句】 When I was young, I loved reading storybooks in my spare time. 我小时候，闲暇时喜欢读故事书。 My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework. 我写作业的时候，妈妈正在做饭。 He has learned English since he entered primary school. 自从上小学以来，他就一直在学英语。 You can’t leave until you finish all your daily tasks. 你完成所有日常任务后才能离开。 【小试牛刀】 用 when / while / as / until / since 填空 1. _______ I grew older, I gradually understood my parents’ love. 2. He was reading books _______ I came into the room. 3. I have kept running every day _______ I joined the sports club. 4. She will wait here _______ her friend arrives. 2. 条件状语从句（if / unless / as long as） 表格：条件状语从句连词精讲 核心词汇 合并精讲（初高中整合细化） 经典例句 if / unless / as long as 引导条件状语从句，限定主句发生前提，统一遵循主将/主祈/主情从现。核心词汇辨析：1. if：正向条件，表“如果”；2. unless：反向条件，等同于 if...not，表“除非、如果不”；3. as long as：充分条件，表“只要”，多用于书面写作加分句型。 You will succeed as long as you stick to your goals firmly. 只要坚守目标，你终会收获成功。 【衔接核心总结】 初中掌握 if 基础用法、主将从现时态规则；高中重点攻克 unless 反向逻辑辨析、as long as 写作升格用法，规避“反向条件翻译错误、时态混用”高频陷阱，适配完形、改错与长难句分析。 【经典例句】 If you keep working hard, you will get excellent grades in the end. 如果你坚持努力，终会取得优异的成绩。 You will fall behind others unless you make progress every day. 除非你每天进步，否则你会落后于人。 As long as we unite together, we can overcome any difficulty. 只要我们团结一心，就能克服一切困难。 If it is fine tomorrow, we will go for an outdoor picnic. 如果明天天气晴朗，我们就去户外野餐。 【小试牛刀】 用 if / unless / as long as 填空 1. You will fail the exam _______ you study hard from now on. 2. _______ you try your best, you will never regret in the future. 3. We will hold the sports meeting _______ it doesn’t rain heavily. 4. _______ you keep practicing, your oral English will improve quickly. 3. 让步状语从句（although / though / even if） 表格：让步状语从句连词精讲 核心词汇 合并精讲（初高中整合细化） 经典例句 although / though / even if 引导让步状语从句，表转折让步逻辑，主句与从句语义相反。核心用法：1. although：书面正式，多放句首；2. though：通用，可作副词放句末表“然而”；3. even if：侧重假设性让步，表“即使”。必考禁忌：三类连词引导从句，主句严禁加 but。 Although the road is hard, we never give up our dreams. 前路坎坷，但我们永不放弃梦想。 【衔接核心总结】 初中掌握基础让步语义、杜绝与but连用错误；高中精准辨析三者语境差异，掌握though副词用法、even if假设让步逻辑，适配倒装、省略等高阶句式，提升写作句式丰富度。 【经典例句】 Although he is not tall, he plays basketball very well. 虽然他个子不高，但他篮球打得很好。 Though the task is difficult, we have enough confidence to finish it. 尽管任务艰巨，我们有足够的信心完成它。 Even if we meet many difficulties, we should never give up easily. 即使我们遇到诸多困难，也绝不轻易放弃。 He is very young. He knows a lot, though. 他年纪很小，然而懂得很多。 【小试牛刀】 用 although / though / even if 填空 1. _______ it rained heavily, the volunteers still stuck to their posts. 2. _______ you fail once, you should keep trying and never quit. 3. He never complains, _______ he is tired every day. 4. The plan is simple, _______ it works very well. 4. 原因状语从句（because / since / as） 表格：原因状语从句连词精讲 核心词汇 合并精讲（初高中整合细化） 经典例句 because / since / as 引导原因状语从句，语气由强到弱，语境区分明确：1. because：语气最强，答 why 提问，表客观直接原因；2. since：语气中等，表已知显而易见的原因，译为“既然”；3. as：语气最弱，表辅助附带原因，译为“由于”。核心区分：because 接句子，because of 接名词/短语，且 because 不与 so 连用。 Since you know the truth, you can make a wise choice. 既然知晓真相，你便可做出明智选择。 【衔接核心总结】 初中仅掌握because基础用法、不与so连用规则；高中重点辨析三者语气与语境差异，熟练运用since/as优化书面表达，攻克词性辨析、语境选词难点。 【经典例句】 I didn’t attend the meeting because I was ill yesterday. 我昨天没有参会，因为我生病了。 Since you have made up your mind, just stick to it bravely. 既然你已经下定决心，就勇敢坚持下去。 As the weather is bad, we have to cancel the outdoor activity. 由于天气恶劣，我们不得不取消户外活动。 He is popular among classmates because he is kind and helpful. 他在同学中很受欢迎，因为他善良且乐于助人。 【小试牛刀】 用 because / since / as 填空 1. I was late for school _______ I missed the early bus. 2. _______ you are free today, help me finish this task. 3. _______ time is limited, we need to speed up our progress. 4. He studies very hard _______ he wants to enter a key university. 5. 目的状语从句（so that） 表格：目的状语从句连词精讲 核心词汇 合并精讲（初高中整合细化） 经典例句 so that 专属目的状语从句句型，表“为了、以便”，用于说明主句动作的执行目的。从句常搭配 can/could/may/might 等情态动词，是写作高频加分句型。可适配口语、书面语各类场景，无复杂变形，初高中通用。 She gets up early every morning so that she can read English aloud. 她每天早起，为了能够大声朗读英语。 【衔接核心总结】 初中掌握句型基础套用、识别目的逻辑；高中熟练用于长难句分析与书面表达升格，区分目的与结果从句隐性逻辑，规避句型混用易错点。 【经典例句】 She gets up early every morning so that she can read English aloud. 她每天早起，为了能够大声朗读英语。 He practices basketball hard so that he can join the school team. 他刻苦练习篮球，只为加入校队。 We take notes carefully so that we can review knowledge after class. 我们认真记笔记，方便课后复习知识点。 She studies diligently so that she can realize her dream in the future. 她勤奋学习，只为将来实现梦想。 【小试牛刀】 用 so that 填空 1. She studies hard _______ she can achieve her dream in the future. 2. We prepare carefully _______ we can win the competition. 3. He speaks loudly _______ everyone can hear him clearly. 4. I save time _______ I can do more reading every day. 6. 地点状语从句（where / wherever） 表格：地点状语从句连词精讲 核心词汇 合并精讲（初高中整合） 经典例句 where / wherever 用于引导地点状语从句，修饰主句动作发生的地点、位置范围。1. where：特指某个具体地点，表“在……地方”，指代明确、范围固定；2.wherever：泛指任意地点，表“无论在哪里、在任何地方”，语气更强、范围更广。核心区分：地点状语从句直接修饰动作地点，无需搭配介词；区别于where引导的定语从句（需修饰先行词），是初高中易混易错点。 Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。 【衔接核心总结】 初中掌握基础词义与简单句式套用；高中重点区分地点状语从句与定语从句，攻克where/wherever语境辨析，适配长难句分析与书面表达场景拓展。 【经典例句】 Where there are difficulties, there are opportunities. 有困难的地方，就有机遇。 Please put the books where they belong. 请把书本放回原处。 Wherever you go, you should keep your original heart. 无论去往何处，都要坚守初心。 We will build a small garden where there is empty land. 我们将在空地处修建一座小花园。 【小试牛刀】 用 where / wherever 填空 1. _______ you work, you must take your job seriously. 2. Plant trees _______ there is plenty of sunshine. 3. _______ I go, I will remember my teachers’ instructions. 4. Stay _______ you are and wait for my return. 7. 方式状语从句（as / as if / as though） 表格：方式状语从句连词精讲 核心词汇 合并精讲（初高中整合） 经典例句 as / as if / as though 用于引导方式状语从句，描述主句动作的执行方式、状态或模样。1. as：表“按照、正如、像……一样”，指代真实、客观的方式；2. as if/as though：二者用法完全一致，表“好像、仿佛”，可接真实场景或虚拟场景。高中核心考点：接与事实不符的内容时，从句需用虚拟语气，是语法填空、改错高频考点。 Do as the teacher tells you. 按照老师的要求去做。 【衔接核心总结】 初中掌握基础方式含义、简单句式套用；高中主攻as固定搭配、as if虚拟语气用法，区分真实场景与虚拟场景，适配高阶语法题型与写作句式丰富度提升。 【经典例句】 You should behave as a student should. 你应当恪守学生本分、规范言行。 Please finish the task as we planned before. 请按照我们之前的计划完成任务。 He talks as if he knew everything about the project. 他说话的样子，好像对这个项目了如指掌。 The girl looks as though she has just cried. 这个女孩看起来刚刚哭过。 【小试牛刀】 用 as / as if / as though 填空 1. You must do _______ I have shown you. 2. She smiles _______ nothing had happened. 3. Follow the rules _______ they are required. 4. He runs quickly _______ he were chased by a dog. 8. 结果状语从句（so...that... / such...that...） 表格：结果状语从句连词精讲 核心词汇 合并精讲（初高中整合） 经典例句 so...that... / such...that... 两组必考易混结果句型，统一表“如此……以至于……”，用于引出主句动作产生的客观结果，是初高中语法填空、短文改错、写作核心考点。1. so...that...：so 后接形容词、副词，侧重修饰动作/状态程度；2. such...that...：such 后接 (a/an)+形容词+名词短语，侧重修饰名词。二者严禁混用，结构固定、适配所有句式场景，是长难句拆解高频结构。 It is such a good book that I read it twice. 这是一本好书，我读了两遍。 【衔接核心总结】 初中掌握两组句型的基础套用、识别结果逻辑；高中精准辨析so...that...与such...that...结构差异，攻克名词单复数、冠词搭配易错点，适配语法填空、改错与长难句拆解。 【经典例句】 It is such a meaningful activity that all students enjoy it. 这次活动意义重大，所有学生都很喜欢。 They are such kind people that everyone respects them. 他们为人十分善良，所有人都很尊敬他们。 The movie is so moving that many audiences are moved to tears. 这部电影如此感人，以至于很多观众热泪盈眶。 He runs so fast that no one in his class can catch up with him. 他跑得非常快，班里没人能追上他。 【小试牛刀】 用 so...that... / such...that... 完成句子填空 1. It is _______ lovely cat _______ we all like it.（such） 2. They are _______ hard-working students _______ they always get good grades.（such） 3. The box is _______ heavy _______ I can’t carry it alone.（so） 4. This story is _______ interesting _______ I never get bored of it.（so） 9. 从属连词整体衔接核心总结 初中重点掌握从属连词基础词义、主将从现时态规则、简单从句套用；高中核心攻克近义连词辨析、语境逻辑判断、长难从句拆解、写作句式升格，是语法填空与改错的核心拉分点。 【经典例句】 We should keep learning until we reach our life goals in the future. 我们应当坚持学习，直至实现人生目标。 Unless you step out of your comfort zone, you will never make progress. 若非走出舒适区，你将永远无法进步。 Since you have made up your mind, just stick to your choice bravely. 既然你已下定决心，便勇敢坚守选择。 She practices hard so that she can win the upcoming competition. 她刻苦练习，只为在即将到来的比赛中夺冠。 【小试牛刀】 填入合适的从属连词，贴合句子逻辑 1. You can’t pass the exam _______ you study hard every day. 2. _______ you are ready, we can start our group discussion. 3. He keeps running every morning _______ he can keep healthy. 4. _______ it is cold outside, we still take outdoor exercise. 三、连词综合专项训练（全考点巩固） （一）句子填空（语法变形填空） 根据句意与逻辑，填入恰当连词，每空一词 1. He is tired, _______ he still continues to finish his homework. 2. _______ it rained heavily, the sports meeting was held on time. 3. You must study hard, _______ you will fall behind your classmates. 4. Not only my mother but also I _______ (be) fond of listening to music. 5. I will wait here _______ you come back from school. 6. _______ you keep practicing, you will improve your English soon. 7. It is _______ difficult _______ no one can solve it easily. 8. He didn’t go to school yesterday _______ he was badly ill. 9. I like reading books _______ my deskmate likes playing sports. 10. Get up early, _______ you can have enough time to prepare. （二）单项填空 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案 1. He tried his best, _______ he still failed the difficult test. A. and B. but C. so D. or 2. _______ you have a dream, you should stick to it firmly. A. Although B. While C. As long as D. Until 3. It was raining hard, _______ we had to stay indoors all day. A. so B. but C. because D. though 4. Not only Tom but also his sister _______ good at painting. A. am B. is C. are D. be 5. _______ he lives far from school, he is never late. A. Because B. So C. Although D. If 6. Hurry up, _______ you will miss the early school bus. A. and B. or C. but D. so 7. She studies hard every day _______ she can enter her dream school. A. so that B. such that C. because D. though 8. My dad was reading _______ my mom was cooking dinner. A. when B. while C. before D. after 9. You can’t make progress _______ you change your bad habits. A. if B. since C. unless D. because 10. _______ everyone is ready, let’s start our formal class. A. Though B. Since C. Although D. While 11. The story is _______ touching _______ many people were moved. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to 12. You can _______ read books _______ do sports in spare time. A. neither; nor B. either; or C. both; and D. not only; but also 13. He didn’t stop working _______ he finished all the tasks. A. after B. before C. until D. when 14. _______ the bad weather, they still went hiking together. A. Because B. Although C. Though D. Because of 15. I prefer quiet study _______ my deskmate likes group discussion. A. while B. so C. because D. if （三）完成句子 根据中文提示，用连词知识点完成英文句子，每空一词 1. 虽然前路充满挑战，但我们永不放弃努力。 _______ the future is full of challenges, we never stop working hard. 2. 只要我们齐心协力，就能克服一切困难。 We can overcome all difficulties _______ _______ _______ we work together. 3. 他每天坚持刷题，为了提升自己的英语水平。 He keeps practicing every day _______ _______ he can improve his English. 4. 这部电影如此精彩，以至于我看了好几遍。 The movie is _______ wonderful _______ I have watched it many times. 5. 要么直面困难，要么选择退缩放弃。 _______ you face the difficulties bravely, _______ you give up. 6. 我正走路回家，突然下起了大雨。 I was walking home _______ it began to rain heavily. 7. 既然你已经知道错误，就应当及时改正。 _______ you have known your mistake, you should correct it at once. 8. 她不仅善良，而且十分勤奋自律。 She is _______ kind _______ very hard-working and self-disciplined. 9. 除非亲自尝试，否则你无法体会其中的乐趣。 You can’t feel the joy _______ you try it by yourself. 10. 任务十分繁重，但是我们依然圆满完成了。 The task was heavy, _______ we finished it perfectly in the end. 第十一天•构词法 构词法是英语词汇核心底层规则，是扩充词汇、破解阅读生词、搞定语法填空词性转换、优化写作的核心基础，也是衔接初中机械记词与高中灵活用词的关键模块。 英语三大必考构词法：派生法、合成法、转化法。学段梯度清晰：初中侧重基础变形、固定识记；高中侧重语境辨析、熟词生义、写作升格，是初高中词汇能力分层的核心考点。 一、构词法整体初高中衔接总览 构词法学段衔接梯度明确：初中重机械识记、基础变形，高中重语境活用、易错辨析，整体遵循由基础套用至高阶解题、写作的进阶逻辑。 学习维度 初中基础要求 高中进阶要求 词缀掌握 熟记高频基础前缀、后缀，固定搭配简单词根，能完成基础词性转换，无精细辨析，变形规则固定单一 精准区分近义、反义词缀，掌握特殊词缀变形规则，结合语境判断词性，攻克易混词缀误用难点 词汇运用 仅用于单词拼写、基础词性填空，固定单词变形套用，无灵活拓展，生词推导能力薄弱 依托构词规律推导阅读生词，运用构词变形升级写作词汇，掌握熟词生义、特殊变形活用场景 常见误区 常出现词缀混用、词性变形错误、漏写特殊后缀，无法区分同义变形单词的用法差异 规避词缀逻辑误用、词性适配错误、特殊变形遗漏、熟词生义误判等高阶丢分陷阱 对应题型 单词拼写、基础词性填空、简单改错，题型单一、难度低、干扰项少 语法填空词性转换、短文改错变形纠错、完形生词辨析、阅读词义猜测、书面表达词汇升格 二、三大构词法分类精讲（含初高中衔接用法） （一）派生法（词缀法）—— 考试核心重难点 定义：通过添加前缀、后缀生成新词，是考试最高频构词法。核心铁律：前缀改词义、不改词性；后缀改词性、不改词义。 【分类精讲】 1. 否定类前缀（un- / in- / im- / dis-） 表格：否定类前缀精讲（核心词汇：un- / in- / im- / dis-） 核心词缀 合并精讲（初高中整合） 经典例词 un- 通用否定前缀，适配形容词、副词，极少用于动词，侧重否定事物原有状态、属性，是初高中最基础、使用最广泛的否定词缀，变形无特殊规则，适配绝大多数基础词汇。 unhappy 不开心的、unlucky 不幸的、unable 不能的、unfair 不公平的 in- / im- 正式书面否定前缀，多用于形容词。im-为in-的专属变体，是固定变形规则：仅用于b、p、m开头的单词前，不可随意替换，为语法填空高频固定考点，高中侧重语境精准适配。 incorrect 不正确的、impossible 不可能的、impolite 不礼貌的、immoral 不道德的 dis- 专属动词、名词否定前缀，侧重动作反向、行为否定，与un-状态否定形成明确区分，是初高中易混辨析核心考点，高中重点考查语境逻辑区分。 disagree 不同意、disappear 消失、dislike 不喜欢、dishonest 不诚实的 【衔接核心总结】 初中：识记否定前缀词义、基础变形；高中：辨析状态否定(un-)与动作否定(dis-)，掌握im-特殊变形，适配语境解题与写作。 【经典例句】 It is impolite to speak loudly and interrupt others in public. 在公共场合大声喧哗、打断他人是不礼貌的。 I totally disagree with his wrong opinion on this social problem. 我完全不认同他关于这个社会问题的错误观点。 It is impossible for us to finish the heavy task without teamwork. 没有团队协作，我们不可能完成这项繁重的任务。 He felt extremely unhappy when he failed the important exam. 这场重要考试失利让他倍感失落。 【小试牛刀】 根据句意及单词提示，填入正确否定前缀完成变形 1. It is _______ (polite) to stare at others in daily life. 2. Most people _______ (agree) with the unreasonable rule. 3. It is _______ (lucky) to miss the last chance of competition. 4. It is _______ (possible) to succeed without hard work. 2. 功能类前缀（re- / pre-） 表格：功能类前缀精讲（核心词汇：re- / pre-） 核心词缀 合并精讲（初高中整合） 经典例词 re- 动词专属功能前缀，表“再、重新、重复”，仅改变动作次数词义，不改变词性，词义直白无歧义，是写作高频升级词缀，初高中通用，高中多用于句式词汇优化。 rewrite 重写、restart 重启、review 复习、reuse 重复使用 pre- 通用功能前缀，表“预先、提前、前置”，适配动词、名词，是高一进阶核心词缀，主要用于阅读生词词义推导，区分动作时间先后逻辑。 preview 预习、predict 预测、prepay 预付、prewarn 预先警告 【衔接核心总结】 初中：熟记re-基础词汇及用法；高中：区分re-（重复）与pre-（提前）逻辑，自主推导生词、优化写作词汇。 【经典例句】 You should rewrite your composition to correct all the spelling mistakes. 你应当重写作文，改正所有的拼写错误。 We need to preview new lessons to improve our classroom learning efficiency. 我们需要预习新课，提升课堂学习效率。 It is necessary to review what we have learned in time every day. 每天及时复习所学知识十分必要。 No one can accurately predict the changes of the future. 没有人能精准预测未来的变化。 【小试牛刀】 根据中文提示，用re- / pre- 补全单词 1. _______ view (复习) 2. _______ write (重写) 3. _______ view (预习) 4. _______ dict (预测) 3. 名词类后缀（-er/-or / -tion/-sion） 表格：名词类后缀精讲 核心词缀&含义 合并精讲（初高中整合） 经典例词 -er / -or 表人/物 动词变名词核心后缀，表动作执行者、职业、工具。-er使用范围广、适配绝大多数普通词汇；-or为正式专用后缀，仅适配少数固定职业、专业词汇，无变形规律，需固定识记，是改错高频考点。 worker 工人、writer 作家、actor 演员、inventor 发明家 -tion / -sion 表抽象动作 动词变抽象名词最高频后缀，表“动作、行为、结果、状态”，是初高中语法填空必考核心变形点，变形规则固定，高中侧重复杂词根的适配变形。 action 行动、decision 决定、education 教育、discussion 讨论 【衔接核心总结】 初中：掌握基础名词后缀变形；高中：区分-er/-or适配规则，攻克复杂词根变形，适配语法填空、短文改错。 【经典例句】 Every great writer insists on continuous reading and writing. 每一位优秀的作家都坚持持续阅读和写作。 We should take positive action to protect our living environment. 我们应采取积极行动保护生存环境。 Making a wise decision needs careful consideration. 做出明智的决定需要深思熟虑。 The famous inventor created many useful things for society. 这位著名的发明家为社会创造了许多实用的事物。 【小试牛刀】 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. He is a creative _______ (invent) who has many patents. 2. We had a heated _______ (discuss) about the school rules. 3. Taking _______ (act) is more important than making plans. 4. She dreams of becoming a famous _______ (write) in the future. 4. 形副类后缀（-ful/-less / -ly） 表格：形副类后缀精讲 核心词缀&含义 合并精讲（初高中整合） 经典例词 -ful / -less 正反形容词 名词变形容词成对必考后缀，语义完全相反。-ful表“有……的、有益的、充满……的”；-less表“无……的、无用的、没有……的”，高中重点考查语境逻辑判断，规避正反义混用陷阱。 helpful 有帮助的、useful 有用的、helpless 无助的、useless 无用的 -ly 副词后缀 形容词变副词通用核心后缀，初高中基础变形考点。高中核心陷阱：friendly、lovely、lonely、likely 虽以-ly结尾，但仅为形容词，不可作副词使用，是短文改错高频丢分点。 quickly 快速地、carefully 仔细地、happily 开心地、calmly 冷静地 【衔接核心总结】 初中：掌握ful/less正反义、形容词变副词基础变形；高中：规避-ly形容词陷阱，结合语境精准辨析正反义后缀，适配题型与写作。 【经典例句】 Reading English every day is very helpful for language learning. 每天读英语对语言学习大有裨益。 It is useless to worry blindly without taking any action. 只盲目焦虑而不行动是毫无用处的。 We should listen carefully and take notes in every English class. 每节英语课我们都要认真听讲、做好笔记。 A friendly attitude can help us make more sincere friends. 友善的态度能帮我们结交更多真诚的朋友。 【小试牛刀】 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. It is _______ (help) to take notes in class while learning English. 2. He finished the difficult task _______ (quick) than others. 3. Blind comparison is _______ (use) for personal growth. 4. She is a _______ (love) girl who is popular among classmates. （二）合成法 定义：两个及以上单词直接拼接构词，无词缀、无复杂变形，词义多为语义叠加，是扩充词汇、升格写作的基础方法。 【分类精讲】 表格：合成法核心分类精讲 分类类型 合并精讲（初高中整合） 高频例词 合成名词 多由“名词+名词”“介词+名词”构成，词义直观易懂，初中侧重固定单词识记；高中侧重自主推导陌生合成词词义，适配阅读生词猜测，无复杂变形规则。 weekend 周末、classroom 教室、blackboard 黑板、basketball 篮球 合成形容词 多由“形容词/副词+现在分词”“数词+名词”构成，是高中写作核心加分词汇，可替代基础简单形容词，提升句式高级感，适配各类书面表达场景。 hard-working 勤奋的、good-looking 好看的、three-year-old 三岁的 【衔接核心总结】 初中：熟记高频固定合成词；高中：掌握词义推导规律，活用合成形容词优化写作句式，丰富表达。 【经典例句】 We should keep our classroom clean and tidy every school day. 我们应当每天保持教室干净整洁。 I usually take outdoor sports and relax on the weekend. 我通常在周末进行户外运动、放松身心。 As a hard-working student, she always sticks to self-discipline. 作为一名勤奋的学生，她始终坚守自律。 This five-year-old child has great talent for music. 这个五岁的孩子极具音乐天赋。 【小试牛刀】 根据单词组合规律，写出对应合成单词 1. black + board = ________ (黑板) 2. week + end = ________ (周末) 3. hard + working = ________ (勤奋的) 4. foot + ball = ________ (足球) （三）转化法（零变形构词） 定义：单词拼写不变，仅依托语境转换词性，无任何变形，是初高中熟词生义、语法填空隐性难点。 【分类精讲】 表格：转化法核心分类精讲 转化类型 合并精讲（初高中整合） 高频例词 名词→动词 最高频转化用法，普通名词直接活用为动词，表“使用、从事、实施”对应动作，无形态变化，高中侧重熟词生义语境判断，是长难句高频考点。 water 水→浇水、book 书→预订、hand 手→传递 动词→名词 动作类动词直接转化为名词，表“动作、行为、过程”，简化句式结构，适配简洁化写作表达，初高中通用。 walk 走→散步、dream 做梦→梦想、look 看→神情 形容词→动词 进阶转化用法，形容词活用为动词，表“使……变得……”，书面语质感更强，是高一重点拓展考点，适配高阶句式运用。 clean 干净的→打扫、empty 空的→倒空 【衔接核心总结】 初中：识别基础词性转换；高中：打破固定词性思维，攻克熟词生义，适配阅读、完形、语法填空高阶考点。 【经典例句】 We need to water the young trees regularly to help them grow. 我们需要定期给小树浇水，助力它们生长。 I plan to book a train ticket in advance for the winter vacation. 我计划提前预订寒假的火车票。 Taking a slow walk after dinner is a healthy living habit. 饭后慢走是一种健康的生活习惯。 Please empty the trash bin before you leave the classroom. 离开教室前请清空垃圾桶。 【小试牛刀】 判断划线单词的词性并翻译词义 1. Please hand me the textbook on the desk. (hand) 2. Farmers water crops carefully every summer. (water) 3. A relaxed walk can relieve our study pressure. (walk) 4. He helped me empty the heavy box. (empty) 【构词法核心易错规则汇总】 表格：初高中必考避坑考点 易错考点 规则解析与避坑指南 正误示例 否定词缀混用 状态类形容词否定用un-，动作类动词否定用dis-，b/p/m开头单词固定用im-，不可随意替换，是改错高频考点。 正：unlucky、disagree 错：dislucky、unagree -ly词性误判 friendly、lovely、lonely、likely 以-ly结尾，但均为形容词，不能用作副词，切忌盲目变形套用。 正：a friendly teacher 错：he teaches friendly ful/less语义混淆 两组后缀完全反义，不可凭惯性填空，必须结合句子语境逻辑判断语义，适配完形、语法填空题型。 helpful 有益的 / helpless 无助的 转化法词性误判 同一单词拼写不变，词性随语境变化，不可固化单一词性，重点规避熟词生义理解错误。 water(n.水) / water(v.浇水) 【整体衔接核心总结】 初中核心：识记构词基础规则，完成简单变形填空，筑牢基础；高中核心：辨析易混词缀、推导生词、活用变形升级写作、规避题型陷阱。通用核心：前缀改义不改性，后缀改性不改义；合成重语义叠加，转化重语境词性。 【经典例句】 It is useless to complain constantly without taking practical action. 一味抱怨却不付诸实际行动是毫无用处的。 We should preview new knowledge and review old knowledge every day. 我们要每日预习新知、复习旧知。 The hard-working boy always takes positive action to solve problems. 这个勤奋的男孩总能积极采取行动解决问题。 You can book tickets in advance to save waiting time. 你可以提前订票，节省等待时间。 【小试牛刀】 根据构词法规则，填入合适单词形式适配语境 1. It is _______ (polite) to talk loudly in the library. 2. Reading is _______ (help) to improve our English level. 3. We need to _______ (view) what we have learned timely. 4. He _______ (book) a room for his parents yesterday. 三、构词法综合专项训练（全考点巩固） （一）单词变形填空 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. He is a careful and _______ (honest) student in our class. 2. Making a correct _______ (decide) is important for our growth. 3. It is _______ (possible) to finish the heavy task in ten minutes. 4. She speaks English _______ (fluent) in the competition. 5. Blind worry is totally _______ (use) for solving problems. 6. We should _______ (write) the essay to correct mistakes. 7. The young _______ (invent) created a new useful machine. 8. His _______ (friend) smile made me feel warm. 9. It is _______ (polite) to cut in line in public places. 10. We need to make full _______ (discuss) before taking action. （二）单项选择 选择最佳答案。 1. It is _______ to laugh at people in trouble. A. polite B. impolite C. helpful D. useful 2. He is _______ and always makes small mistakes in homework. A. careful B. careless C. useful D. hopeful 3. This _______ boy gets good grades in all subjects. A. hard-working B. working-hard C. hard work D. work hard 4. We should listen _______ in every public class. A. careful B. carefully C. friendly D. lovely 5. It is _______ for us to predict everything in the future. A. possible B. impossible C. necessary D. important 6. The little girl is _______ to strangers, so everyone likes her. A. friendly B. friend C. happily D. kindly 7. Please _______ the flowers regularly to keep them alive. A. water B. waters C. watered D. watering 8. His _______ of the problem helps us solve it quickly. A. discuss B. discussion C. discussing D. discussed 9. It is _______ to complain without working hard. A. useful B. useless C. helpful D. hopeful 10. You need to _______ your article to correct grammar mistakes. A. rewrite B. write C. preview D. review 11. Most of us _______ with his strange idea. A. agree B. disagree C. dislike D. disappear 12. The famous _______ has invented many new machines. A. actor B. writer C. inventor D. worker 13. It is _______ to finish such a hard task in one minute. A. impossible B. possible C. important D. necessary 14. We should _______ our lessons before class to improve efficiency. A. review B. preview C. rewrite D. restart 15. A _______ attitude can bring us more chances. A. helpful B. helpless C. useless D. careless （三）完成句子 根据中文提示补全句子，每空一词。 1. 课前预习、课后复习对学习大有帮助。 It is very _______ to _______ new lessons and _______ knowledge after class. 2. 勤奋自律的学生更容易实现梦想。 _______ and self-disciplined students can realize their dreams more easily. 3. 盲目焦虑是无用的，行动才是关键。 It is _______ to worry blindly, and action is the key. 4. 在公共场合喧哗是不礼貌的行为。 It is _______ to speak loudly in _______ places. 5. 我们可以提前预订车票节省时间。 We can _______ tickets in advance to save time. 6. 认真的思考有助于做出明智的决定。 Careful thinking helps us make a wise _______. 7. 我们应当重新启动这项计划，坚持完成目标。 We should _______ this plan and stick to our goals. 8. 消极抱怨对个人成长毫无益处。 Negative complaints are _______ for personal growth. 9. 这位年轻作家的作品深受学生喜爱。 The works of the young _______ are popular with students. 10. 我们要友好待人，收获真挚的友谊。 We should be _______ to others and get sincere friendship. 第十二天•阶段专项训练 （代词+数词+介词+连词） 本套习题涵盖代词、数词、介词、连词、构词法五大核心考点，题型梯度科学，适配初高中衔接刷题与检测巩固。 （一）句子填空 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. This is not my book. _______ (my) is on the desk. 2. There are _______ (nine) students in the classroom, three fewer than yesterday. 3. It is _______ (polite) to shout in public. 4. He kept working hard, _______ (so) he finally achieved his dream. 5. We usually get up _______ six o’clock every morning. 6. The little girl is _______ (friend) to all her classmates. 7. Neither my parents nor I _______ (be) fond of staying up late. 8. I don’t know _______ (whether) he will come to the party or not. 9. She taught _______ (she) English during the holiday. 10. This task is _______ (use) without correct methods. （二）单项填空 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 1. —Is this your pen? —No, _______ is in my pencil-box. A. My B. Mine C. I D. Myself 2. There are about two _______ students in our grade. A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of 3. We have English classes _______ Monday and Wednesday. A. in B. on C. at D. for 4. He was tired, _______ he still continued to finish his homework. A. so B. and C. but D. or 5. It is _______ to laugh at people in trouble. A. impolite B. polite C. helpful D. useful 6. _______ of the two books is useful for your study. A. All B. Both C. Either D. None 7. You can stay here _______ leave. It’s all up to you. A. and B. but C. so D. or 8. She helped _______ finish the difficult task by herself. A. her B. herself C. hers D. she 9. The _______ season of a year is autumn. A. three B. third C. thirteen D. thirty 10. We should be friendly _______ our classmates. A. of B. for C. to D. with 11. Study hard, _______ you will fail the coming exam. A. and B. so C. but D. or 12. This _______ boy always gets good grades. A. hard-working B. working-hard C. hard work D. work hard 13. _______ is ready for the party, so we can start now. A. Something B. Anything C. Everything D. Nothing 14. We will go hiking _______ it doesn’t rain tomorrow. A. if B. though C. because D. so 15. It is _______ to complain without action. A. useful B. useless C. helpful D. hopeful （三）完成句子 根据中文提示补全英文句子，每空一词。 1. 一周有七天，我最喜欢周五。 There are _______ days in a week and I love Friday _______. 2. 我不知道他是否会参加这次活动。 I don’t know _______ he will take part in this activity _______ not. 3. 对他人友善是非常有益的。 It is very _______ to be kind _______ others. 4. 他努力学习，所以取得了很大进步。 He studies very hard, _______ he makes great progress. 5. 这是我的书，她的在书架上。 This is my book. _______ is on the bookshelf. 6. 无论刮风下雨，他从不迟到。 It rains _______ winds, he is never late. 7. 这是本年度第五场校园活动。 This is the _______ school activity of this year. 8. 他独自完成了所有作业。 He finished all his homework by _______. 9. 在课堂上认真听讲很重要。 Listening _______ in class is very important. 10. 我喜欢读书，因为它能让我放松。 I like reading _______ it can make me relaxed. （四）短文语法填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入适当内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 I am a middle school student. There are sixty students in 1. _______ (we) class. Thirty-two are boys and twenty-eight are girls. It is 2. _______ (help) and necessary to help each other. We usually get up 3. _______ 6:30 every morning and go to school on foot. My deskmate is a hard-working girl. She never wastes time 4. _______ she knows time is valuable. She likes reading, 5. _______ she has a lot of knowledge. Yesterday she bought two 6. _______ (book) and one of 7. _______ (they) is about English culture. It is 8. _______ (polite) to judge others casually. We should get on well with others. We believe 9. _______ we keep working hard, we will make greater progress in our study. We have seven subjects and they start 10. _______ Monday morning to Friday afternoon. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 人教版初高中英语语法衔接21天打卡计划 （10-12） 第十天•连词 连词是英语核心功能虚词，无实际词义、不充当主语、谓语、宾语等任何句子成分，唯一作用是连接单词、短语或分句，串联句子逻辑，是构建并列句、复合句的核心骨架。连词贯穿初高中全部题型，广泛覆盖单项选择、语法填空、短文改错、完形填空与书面表达，同时是长难句拆解、句式升格的核心基础。 英语连词核心分为两大必考类别：并列连词、从属连词。两类用法层层递进，初中侧重基础逻辑识别、简单句套用；高中侧重易混辨析、语境适配、特殊句式、改错陷阱与长难句分析，是初高中语法衔接的核心关键模块。 一、连词整体初高中衔接总览 连词学习层层递进、衔接性极强，初高中考查核心差异集中在“基础识记”与“高阶活用”的层级差距。初中侧重认识连词、识别简单逻辑、完成基础填空选择；高中侧重近义辨析、句式适配、特殊语法规则、规避固定陷阱、适配复合句与写作升格。 学习维度 初中基础要求 高中进阶要求 词义掌握 熟记基础连词固定含义，能区分并列、转折、因果、选择基础逻辑，无精细辨析，语境单一无干扰 精准区分形近、义近连词及连词短语，判断句子隐性逻辑，攻克易混辨析、语境适配难点 句式运用 仅用于简单并列句、基础状语从句，句式简单无嵌套，规则固定死板 适配多层嵌套复合句，掌握连词省略、主谓一致、特殊搭配、倒装适配等高阶用法 常见误区 常出现连词双重连用、词义混用，无法区分连词、介词、副词词性差异 规避词性误用、逻辑错配、句式混用、固定搭配遗漏等高阶丢分陷阱 对应题型 基础单选、简单填空、句子改错，难度低、干扰项少 语法填空、短文改错、完形逻辑辨析、长难句拆解、书面表达升格 二、两大连词分类精讲（含初高中衔接用法） （一）并列连词 定义：用于连接语法地位平等、无主次、无从属关系的单词、短语或独立分句，构成并列句，是初中核心考点、高中句式基础。 【分类精讲】 并列连词共分为并列、递进、转折、因果、选择五大语义逻辑，五类句型独立考点、分层递进。 1. 并列关系（and / both...and...） 表格：并列关系连词精讲（核心词汇：and / both...and...） 核心词汇 合并精讲（初高中整合） 经典例句 and / both...and... 基础并列连词，用于连接词性、地位对等的单词、短语或分句。1. and：表并列、顺承、递进，可暗含条件、结果隐性逻辑；2. both...and...：表“两者都”，连接主语时谓语动词必须用复数。二者适配简单句与长难句，是写作基础升格句式，初高中通用。 Both teamwork and personal effort matter in our study and life. 团队协作与个人努力在学习和生活中都至关重要。 【衔接核心总结】 初中掌握基础并列句式、主谓复数规则；高中重点掌握 and 隐性逻辑与书面句式升格，适配长难句与写作。 【经典例句】 Reading and thinking can improve our cognitive ability constantly. 阅读与思考能不断提升我们的认知能力。 Both teamwork and personal effort matter in our study and life. 团队协作与个人努力在学习和生活中都至关重要。 He finished his homework and began to preview new lessons. 他完成作业后，便开始预习新课。 Kindness and honesty are precious qualities for teenagers. 善良与诚实是青少年的宝贵品质。 【小试牛刀】 用 and / both...and... 完成句子填空 1. Sports _______ music make our after-school life colorful. 2. _______ singing _______ dancing are her favorite hobbies. 3. He gets up early _______ practices oral English every morning. 4. Study hard _______ you will make steady progress. 参考答案：1.and 2.Both; and 3.and 4.and 2. 递进关系（not only...but also...） 表格：递进关系连词精讲（核心词汇：not only...but also...） 核心词汇 合并精讲（初高中整合） 经典例句 not only...but also... 核心递进句型，表“不仅……而且……”，可连接任意对等成分。核心考点：1. 严格遵循就近主谓一致；2. 置于句首触发句子部分倒装；是语法填空、短文改错高频考点，也是写作递进升格核心句型。 Not only knowledge but also morality shapes a good student. 不仅学识，品德也能成就优秀的学生。 【衔接核心总结】 初中识记递进含义；高中主攻就近一致、句首倒装、写作升格，为高频拉分考点。 【经典例句】 Not only knowledge but also morality shapes a good student. 不仅学识，品德也能成就优秀的学生。 Not only I but also my deskmate is interested in English reading. 不仅我，我的同桌也喜欢英语阅读。 She not only studies well but also takes an active part in activities. 她不仅学习优异，还积极参与各类活动。 This method is not only simple but also highly efficient. 这个方法不仅简单，而且效率极高。 【小试牛刀】 用 not only...but also... 完成填空，注意主谓一致 1. Not only Tom but also his sister _______ (like) playing the piano. 2. The book is _______ useful _______ interesting for middle school students. 3. _______ exercise _______ healthy diet keeps us energetic.（补全词组） 4. He _______ plays basketball well _______ runs fast. 参考答案：1.likes 2.not only; but also 3.Not only; but also 4.not only; but also 3. 转折关系（but / yet / while） 表格：转折关系连词精讲（核心词汇：but / yet / while） 核心词汇 合并精讲（初高中整合） 经典例句 but / yet / while 三类转折、对比类并列连词，语义侧重不同：1. but：通用直白转折，表“但是”；2. yet：带意外、惋惜语气的转折；3.while：侧重前后事物鲜明对比，表“而”。必考禁忌：although/though 绝不与 but、yet 连用。 I prefer quiet reading while my brother loves outdoor sports. 我偏爱安静阅读，而我的弟弟热爱户外运动。 【衔接核心总结】 初中掌握 but 基础转折；高中重点辨析 but/yet/while 语义差异，规避“双重连词连用”必考陷阱。 【经典例句】 The task is tough but we never choose to give up. 任务很艰巨，但我们从不选择放弃。 He practiced hard every day, yet he failed the final competition. 他每日刻苦练习，却还是输掉了总决赛。 I prefer quiet reading while my brother loves outdoor sports. 我偏爱安静阅读，而我的弟弟热爱户外运动。 The plan is perfect yet lacking in practical operation. 这个方案很完善，但缺乏实际可操作性。 【小试牛刀】 用 but / yet / while 填空 1. He is young, _______ he has rich life experience. 2. She prepared fully for the exam, _______ she didn’t get a good grade. 3. Some people like staying at home _______ others like travelling. 4. The clothes look beautiful, _______ they are not comfortable to wear. 参考答案：1.but 2.yet 3.while 4.but 4. 因果关系（so / for） 表格：因果关系连词精讲（核心词汇：so / for） 核心词汇 合并精讲（初高中整合） 经典例句 so / for 两类因果类并列连词，用法差异明确：1. so：通用结果连词，表“所以、因此”，承接前文直接原因；2. for：表补充间接原因，语气最弱，仅可放句中、不可置于句首。核心规则：because 与 so、for 禁止同句连用。 He must be tired, for he has worked the whole day. 他一定很累了，因为他已经工作了一整天。 【衔接核心总结】 初中掌握 so 表结果；高中掌握 for 的特殊用法，杜绝 because、so 连用错误。 【经典例句】 It rained heavily yesterday, so we canceled the outdoor activity. 昨日大雨滂沱，因此我们取消了户外活动。 He must be tired, for he has worked the whole day. 他一定很累了，因为他已经工作了一整天。 She got up late, so she hurried to school without breakfast. 她起晚了，所以没吃早饭就匆忙赶往学校。 The road is wet, for it rained just now. 路面是湿的，因为刚刚下过雨。 【小试牛刀】 用 so / for 填空 1. He studied hard, _______ he passed the exam easily. 2. The room is quiet, _______ everyone is focusing on study. 3. She was ill, _______ she didn’t come to class today. 4. He must be hungry, _______ he hasn’t eaten anything since morning. 参考答案：1.so 2.for 3.so 4.for 5. 选择关系（or / either...or... / neither...nor...） 表格：选择关系连词精讲（核心词汇：or / either...or... / neither...nor...） 核心词汇 合并精讲（初高中整合） 经典例句 or / either...or... / neither...nor... 三类选择、否定选择连词，均适配主谓一致考点：1. or：表“或者”选择、“否则”警示两层含义；2. either...or...：二选一，表“要么……要么……”；3. neither...nor...：双重否定，表“既不……也不……”。后两组连接主语时，严格遵循就近主谓一致原则。 Either you or your deskmate has to clean the classroom today. 今天要么你要么你的同桌需要打扫教室。 【衔接核心总结】 初中掌握 or 基础含义；高中重点掌握三组选择连词的就近一致原则与语境辨析。 【经典例句】 Hurry up, or you will miss the early bus. 快点，否则你会错过早班车。 Either you or your deskmate has to clean the classroom today. 今天要么你要么你的同桌需要打扫教室。 Neither late study nor lazy attitude helps improve grades. 熬夜学习和懒散的态度都无法提升成绩。 You can choose to read books or listen to music in your free time. 空闲时间你可以选择看书或者听音乐。 【小试牛刀】 用 or / either...or... / neither...nor... 填空 1. Get ready quickly, _______ you will be late for the meeting. 2. _______ Tom _______ his brother likes playing chess. （两人都不喜欢） 3. You can _______ join the sports club _______ the art club. （二选一） 4. _______ you keep working hard _______ you will fall behind.（二选一） 参考答案：1.or 2.Neither; nor 3.either; or 4.Either; or 表格2：并列连词核心易错规则（初高中必考） 易错考点 规则解析与避坑指南 正误示例 双重连词连用错误 英语单句只允许一套逻辑连词，禁止连用：because不接so，although/though不接but/yet，是短文改错TOP1考点。 错：Although he tried, but he failed. 正：Although he tried, he failed. 就近一致误用 not only...but also.../either...or.../neither...nor...三组连词，谓语单复数由最近主语决定，不受远主语影响。 Not only I but also he is good at English. for位置误用 for表补充原因，语气最弱，仅可置于句中，绝对不能置于句首，多用于书面句式。 错：For he is ill, he is absent. 正：He is absent, for he is ill. while语义混淆 while作并列连词仅表“对比”，不表时间；表时间为从属连词用法，考场需精准区分语境逻辑。 He works hard while his brother is lazy. 【衔接核心总结】 初中核心掌握并列连词基础词义、简单句式运用、禁止双重连用规则；高中重点突破就近主谓一致、while精准辨析、for特殊用法、写作句式升格，攻克改错与语法填空高频陷阱。 【经典例句】 Both persistence and courage are important for our success in life. 坚持和勇气都是我们人生成功的关键。 The task is difficult yet we have enough confidence to finish it well. 任务虽难，但我们有充足信心做好。 Hurry up and keep moving or you will fall behind others. 抓紧前行，否则你会落后于人。 Not only books but also experience can enrich our knowledge greatly. 书本和阅历都能极大丰富我们的学识。 【小试牛刀】 选用合适的并列连词（and/but/or/so/while）填空 1. He studied very hard, _______ he failed the final exam. 2. Keep working steadily, _______ you will achieve your dream soon. 3. I prefer reading indoors _______ my friend loves outdoor sports. 4. It rained heavily, _______ we put off the outdoor sports meeting. 参考答案：1.but 2.and 3.while 4.so （二）从属连词 定义：用于引导各类状语从句，连接主句与从句，从句依附主句存在、无独立语义，是高中复合句、长难句分析、语法填空、短文改错的核心重难点。 【分类精讲】 从属连词按语义逻辑分为时间、条件、让步、原因、目的/结果五大必考类别，初高中知识点整合细化，全覆盖考纲重难点。 1. 时间状语从句（when / while / as / before / after / until / since） 表格：时间状语从句连词精讲 核心词汇 合并精讲（初高中整合细化） 经典例句 when / while / as / before / after / until / since 引导时间状语从句，修饰主句动作时间，通用主将从现规则（从句不用将来时）。核心辨析：1. when：通用，可接瞬间/延续动作；2. while：仅接延续动作，表同步进行；3. as：表伴随、“随着、一边……一边”；4. before/after：表动作先后顺序；5. until：直到……，not...until 表“直到……才”；6. since：自从……，从句过去时、主句多用现在完成时。 As time goes by, we become more mature and responsible. 随着时间流逝，我们愈发成熟负责。 【衔接核心总结】 初中重点掌握基础连词词义、动作先后逻辑、主将从现基础时态；高中深耕四组易混连词（when/while/as）语境辨析、not...until倒装句式、since时态固定搭配，攻克长难句时间逻辑拆解与写作句式升格。 【经典例句】 When I was young, I loved reading storybooks in my spare time. 我小时候，闲暇时喜欢读故事书。 My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework. 我写作业的时候，妈妈正在做饭。 He has learned English since he entered primary school. 自从上小学以来，他就一直在学英语。 You can’t leave until you finish all your daily tasks. 你完成所有日常任务后才能离开。 【小试牛刀】 用 when / while / as / until / since 填空 1. _______ I grew older, I gradually understood my parents’ love. 2. He was reading books _______ I came into the room. 3. I have kept running every day _______ I joined the sports club. 4. She will wait here _______ her friend arrives. 参考答案：1.As 2.while 3.since 4.until 2. 条件状语从句（if / unless / as long as） 表格：条件状语从句连词精讲 核心词汇 合并精讲（初高中整合细化） 经典例句 if / unless / as long as 引导条件状语从句，限定主句发生前提，统一遵循主将/主祈/主情从现。核心词汇辨析：1. if：正向条件，表“如果”；2. unless：反向条件，等同于 if...not，表“除非、如果不”；3. as long as：充分条件，表“只要”，多用于书面写作加分句型。 You will succeed as long as you stick to your goals firmly. 只要坚守目标，你终会收获成功。 【衔接核心总结】 初中掌握 if 基础用法、主将从现时态规则；高中重点攻克 unless 反向逻辑辨析、as long as 写作升格用法，规避“反向条件翻译错误、时态混用”高频陷阱，适配完形、改错与长难句分析。 【经典例句】 If you keep working hard, you will get excellent grades in the end. 如果你坚持努力，终会取得优异的成绩。 You will fall behind others unless you make progress every day. 除非你每天进步，否则你会落后于人。 As long as we unite together, we can overcome any difficulty. 只要我们团结一心，就能克服一切困难。 If it is fine tomorrow, we will go for an outdoor picnic. 如果明天天气晴朗，我们就去户外野餐。 【小试牛刀】 用 if / unless / as long as 填空 1. You will fail the exam _______ you study hard from now on. 2. _______ you try your best, you will never regret in the future. 3. We will hold the sports meeting _______ it doesn’t rain heavily. 4. _______ you keep practicing, your oral English will improve quickly. 参考答案：1.unless 2.If 3.if 4.As long as 3. 让步状语从句（although / though / even if） 表格：让步状语从句连词精讲 核心词汇 合并精讲（初高中整合细化） 经典例句 although / though / even if 引导让步状语从句，表转折让步逻辑，主句与从句语义相反。核心用法：1. although：书面正式，多放句首；2. though：通用，可作副词放句末表“然而”；3. even if：侧重假设性让步，表“即使”。必考禁忌：三类连词引导从句，主句严禁加 but。 Although the road is hard, we never give up our dreams. 前路坎坷，但我们永不放弃梦想。 【衔接核心总结】 初中掌握基础让步语义、杜绝与but连用错误；高中精准辨析三者语境差异，掌握though副词用法、even if假设让步逻辑，适配倒装、省略等高阶句式，提升写作句式丰富度。 【经典例句】 Although he is not tall, he plays basketball very well. 虽然他个子不高，但他篮球打得很好。 Though the task is difficult, we have enough confidence to finish it. 尽管任务艰巨，我们有足够的信心完成它。 Even if we meet many difficulties, we should never give up easily. 即使我们遇到诸多困难，也绝不轻易放弃。 He is very young. He knows a lot, though. 他年纪很小，然而懂得很多。 【小试牛刀】 用 although / though / even if 填空 1. _______ it rained heavily, the volunteers still stuck to their posts. 2. _______ you fail once, you should keep trying and never quit. 3. He never complains, _______ he is tired every day. 4. The plan is simple, _______ it works very well. 参考答案：1.Although/Though 2.Even if 3.though/although 4.though 4. 原因状语从句（because / since / as） 表格：原因状语从句连词精讲 核心词汇 合并精讲（初高中整合细化） 经典例句 because / since / as 引导原因状语从句，语气由强到弱，语境区分明确：1. because：语气最强，答 why 提问，表客观直接原因；2. since：语气中等，表已知显而易见的原因，译为“既然”；3. as：语气最弱，表辅助附带原因，译为“由于”。核心区分：because 接句子，because of 接名词/短语，且 because 不与 so 连用。 Since you know the truth, you can make a wise choice. 既然知晓真相，你便可做出明智选择。 【衔接核心总结】 初中仅掌握because基础用法、不与so连用规则；高中重点辨析三者语气与语境差异，熟练运用since/as优化书面表达，攻克词性辨析、语境选词难点。 【经典例句】 I didn’t attend the meeting because I was ill yesterday. 我昨天没有参会，因为我生病了。 Since you have made up your mind, just stick to it bravely. 既然你已经下定决心，就勇敢坚持下去。 As the weather is bad, we have to cancel the outdoor activity. 由于天气恶劣，我们不得不取消户外活动。 He is popular among classmates because he is kind and helpful. 他在同学中很受欢迎，因为他善良且乐于助人。 【小试牛刀】 用 because / since / as 填空 1. I was late for school _______ I missed the early bus. 2. _______ you are free today, help me finish this task. 3. _______ time is limited, we need to speed up our progress. 4. He studies very hard _______ he wants to enter a key university. 参考答案：1.because 2.Since 3.As 4.because 5. 目的状语从句（so that） 表格：目的状语从句连词精讲 核心词汇 合并精讲（初高中整合细化） 经典例句 so that 专属目的状语从句句型，表“为了、以便”，用于说明主句动作的执行目的。从句常搭配 can/could/may/might 等情态动词，是写作高频加分句型。可适配口语、书面语各类场景，无复杂变形，初高中通用。 She gets up early every morning so that she can read English aloud. 她每天早起，为了能够大声朗读英语。 【衔接核心总结】 初中掌握句型基础套用、识别目的逻辑；高中熟练用于长难句分析与书面表达升格，区分目的与结果从句隐性逻辑，规避句型混用易错点。 【经典例句】 She gets up early every morning so that she can read English aloud. 她每天早起，为了能够大声朗读英语。 He practices basketball hard so that he can join the school team. 他刻苦练习篮球，只为加入校队。 We take notes carefully so that we can review knowledge after class. 我们认真记笔记，方便课后复习知识点。 She studies diligently so that she can realize her dream in the future. 她勤奋学习，只为将来实现梦想。 【小试牛刀】 用 so that 填空 1. She studies hard _______ she can achieve her dream in the future. 2. We prepare carefully _______ we can win the competition. 3. He speaks loudly _______ everyone can hear him clearly. 4. I save time _______ I can do more reading every day. 参考答案：1.so that 2.so that 3.so that 4.so that 6. 地点状语从句（where / wherever） 表格：地点状语从句连词精讲 核心词汇 合并精讲（初高中整合） 经典例句 where / wherever 用于引导地点状语从句，修饰主句动作发生的地点、位置范围。1. where：特指某个具体地点，表“在……地方”，指代明确、范围固定；2.wherever：泛指任意地点，表“无论在哪里、在任何地方”，语气更强、范围更广。核心区分：地点状语从句直接修饰动作地点，无需搭配介词；区别于where引导的定语从句（需修饰先行词），是初高中易混易错点。 Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。 【衔接核心总结】 初中掌握基础词义与简单句式套用；高中重点区分地点状语从句与定语从句，攻克where/wherever语境辨析，适配长难句分析与书面表达场景拓展。 【经典例句】 Where there are difficulties, there are opportunities. 有困难的地方，就有机遇。 Please put the books where they belong. 请把书本放回原处。 Wherever you go, you should keep your original heart. 无论去往何处，都要坚守初心。 We will build a small garden where there is empty land. 我们将在空地处修建一座小花园。 【小试牛刀】 用 where / wherever 填空 1. _______ you work, you must take your job seriously. 2. Plant trees _______ there is plenty of sunshine. 3. _______ I go, I will remember my teachers’ instructions. 4. Stay _______ you are and wait for my return. 参考答案：1.Wherever 2.where 3.Wherever 4.where 7. 方式状语从句（as / as if / as though） 表格：方式状语从句连词精讲 核心词汇 合并精讲（初高中整合） 经典例句 as / as if / as though 用于引导方式状语从句，描述主句动作的执行方式、状态或模样。1. as：表“按照、正如、像……一样”，指代真实、客观的方式；2. as if/as though：二者用法完全一致，表“好像、仿佛”，可接真实场景或虚拟场景。高中核心考点：接与事实不符的内容时，从句需用虚拟语气，是语法填空、改错高频考点。 Do as the teacher tells you. 按照老师的要求去做。 【衔接核心总结】 初中掌握基础方式含义、简单句式套用；高中主攻as固定搭配、as if虚拟语气用法，区分真实场景与虚拟场景，适配高阶语法题型与写作句式丰富度提升。 【经典例句】 You should behave as a student should. 你应当恪守学生本分、规范言行。 Please finish the task as we planned before. 请按照我们之前的计划完成任务。 He talks as if he knew everything about the project. 他说话的样子，好像对这个项目了如指掌。 The girl looks as though she has just cried. 这个女孩看起来刚刚哭过。 【小试牛刀】 用 as / as if / as though 填空 1. You must do _______ I have shown you. 2. She smiles _______ nothing had happened. 3. Follow the rules _______ they are required. 4. He runs quickly _______ he were chased by a dog. 参考答案：1.as 2.as if/as though 3.as 4.as if/as though 8. 结果状语从句（so...that... / such...that...） 表格：结果状语从句连词精讲 核心词汇 合并精讲（初高中整合） 经典例句 so...that... / such...that... 两组必考易混结果句型，统一表“如此……以至于……”，用于引出主句动作产生的客观结果，是初高中语法填空、短文改错、写作核心考点。1. so...that...：so 后接形容词、副词，侧重修饰动作/状态程度；2. such...that...：such 后接 (a/an)+形容词+名词短语，侧重修饰名词。二者严禁混用，结构固定、适配所有句式场景，是长难句拆解高频结构。 It is such a good book that I read it twice. 这是一本好书，我读了两遍。 【衔接核心总结】 初中掌握两组句型的基础套用、识别结果逻辑；高中精准辨析so...that...与such...that...结构差异，攻克名词单复数、冠词搭配易错点，适配语法填空、改错与长难句拆解。 【经典例句】 It is such a meaningful activity that all students enjoy it. 这次活动意义重大，所有学生都很喜欢。 They are such kind people that everyone respects them. 他们为人十分善良，所有人都很尊敬他们。 The movie is so moving that many audiences are moved to tears. 这部电影如此感人，以至于很多观众热泪盈眶。 He runs so fast that no one in his class can catch up with him. 他跑得非常快，班里没人能追上他。 【小试牛刀】 用 so...that... / such...that... 完成句子填空 1. It is _______ lovely cat _______ we all like it.（such） 2. They are _______ hard-working students _______ they always get good grades.（such） 3. The box is _______ heavy _______ I can’t carry it alone.（so） 4. This story is _______ interesting _______ I never get bored of it.（so） 参考答案：1.such a; that 2.such; that 3.so; that 4.so; that 9. 从属连词整体衔接核心总结 初中重点掌握从属连词基础词义、主将从现时态规则、简单从句套用；高中核心攻克近义连词辨析、语境逻辑判断、长难从句拆解、写作句式升格，是语法填空与改错的核心拉分点。 【经典例句】 We should keep learning until we reach our life goals in the future. 我们应当坚持学习，直至实现人生目标。 Unless you step out of your comfort zone, you will never make progress. 若非走出舒适区，你将永远无法进步。 Since you have made up your mind, just stick to your choice bravely. 既然你已下定决心，便勇敢坚守选择。 She practices hard so that she can win the upcoming competition. 她刻苦练习，只为在即将到来的比赛中夺冠。 【小试牛刀】 填入合适的从属连词，贴合句子逻辑 1. You can’t pass the exam _______ you study hard every day. 2. _______ you are ready, we can start our group discussion. 3. He keeps running every morning _______ he can keep healthy. 4. _______ it is cold outside, we still take outdoor exercise. 参考答案：1.unless 2.Since 3.so that 4.Although/Though 三、连词综合专项训练（全考点巩固） （一）句子填空（语法变形填空） 根据句意与逻辑，填入恰当连词，每空一词 1. He is tired, _______ he still continues to finish his homework. 2. _______ it rained heavily, the sports meeting was held on time. 3. You must study hard, _______ you will fall behind your classmates. 4. Not only my mother but also I _______ (be) fond of listening to music. 5. I will wait here _______ you come back from school. 6. _______ you keep practicing, you will improve your English soon. 7. It is _______ difficult _______ no one can solve it easily. 8. He didn’t go to school yesterday _______ he was badly ill. 9. I like reading books _______ my deskmate likes playing sports. 10. Get up early, _______ you can have enough time to prepare. 参考答案：1.but 2.Although/Though 3.or 4.am 5.until 6.As long as 7.so; that 8.because 9.while 10.and （二）单项填空 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案 1. He tried his best, _______ he still failed the difficult test. A. and B. but C. so D. or 2. _______ you have a dream, you should stick to it firmly. A. Although B. While C. As long as D. Until 3. It was raining hard, _______ we had to stay indoors all day. A. so B. but C. because D. though 4. Not only Tom but also his sister _______ good at painting. A. am B. is C. are D. be 5. _______ he lives far from school, he is never late. A. Because B. So C. Although D. If 6. Hurry up, _______ you will miss the early school bus. A. and B. or C. but D. so 7. She studies hard every day _______ she can enter her dream school. A. so that B. such that C. because D. though 8. My dad was reading _______ my mom was cooking dinner. A. when B. while C. before D. after 9. You can’t make progress _______ you change your bad habits. A. if B. since C. unless D. because 10. _______ everyone is ready, let’s start our formal class. A. Though B. Since C. Although D. While 11. The story is _______ touching _______ many people were moved. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to 12. You can _______ read books _______ do sports in spare time. A. neither; nor B. either; or C. both; and D. not only; but also 13. He didn’t stop working _______ he finished all the tasks. A. after B. before C. until D. when 14. _______ the bad weather, they still went hiking together. A. Because B. Although C. Though D. Because of 15. I prefer quiet study _______ my deskmate likes group discussion. A. while B. so C. because D. if 参考答案：1.B 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.B 11.A 12.C 13.C 14.D 15.A （三）完成句子 根据中文提示，用连词知识点完成英文句子，每空一词 1. 虽然前路充满挑战，但我们永不放弃努力。 _______ the future is full of challenges, we never stop working hard. 2. 只要我们齐心协力，就能克服一切困难。 We can overcome all difficulties _______ _______ _______ we work together. 3. 他每天坚持刷题，为了提升自己的英语水平。 He keeps practicing every day _______ _______ he can improve his English. 4. 这部电影如此精彩，以至于我看了好几遍。 The movie is _______ wonderful _______ I have watched it many times. 5. 要么直面困难，要么选择退缩放弃。 _______ you face the difficulties bravely, _______ you give up. 6. 我正走路回家，突然下起了大雨。 I was walking home _______ it began to rain heavily. 7. 既然你已经知道错误，就应当及时改正。 _______ you have known your mistake, you should correct it at once. 8. 她不仅善良，而且十分勤奋自律。 She is _______ kind _______ very hard-working and self-disciplined. 9. 除非亲自尝试，否则你无法体会其中的乐趣。 You can’t feel the joy _______ you try it by yourself. 10. 任务十分繁重，但是我们依然圆满完成了。 The task was heavy, _______ we finished it perfectly in the end. 参考答案：1.Although/Though 2.as long as 3.so that 4.so; that 5.Either; or 6.when 7.Since 8.not only; but also 9.unless 10.but 第十一天•构词法 构词法是英语词汇核心底层规则，是扩充词汇、破解阅读生词、搞定语法填空词性转换、优化写作的核心基础，也是衔接初中机械记词与高中灵活用词的关键模块。 英语三大必考构词法：派生法、合成法、转化法。学段梯度清晰：初中侧重基础变形、固定识记；高中侧重语境辨析、熟词生义、写作升格，是初高中词汇能力分层的核心考点。 一、构词法整体初高中衔接总览 构词法学段衔接梯度明确：初中重机械识记、基础变形，高中重语境活用、易错辨析，整体遵循由基础套用至高阶解题、写作的进阶逻辑。 学习维度 初中基础要求 高中进阶要求 词缀掌握 熟记高频基础前缀、后缀，固定搭配简单词根，能完成基础词性转换，无精细辨析，变形规则固定单一 精准区分近义、反义词缀，掌握特殊词缀变形规则，结合语境判断词性，攻克易混词缀误用难点 词汇运用 仅用于单词拼写、基础词性填空，固定单词变形套用，无灵活拓展，生词推导能力薄弱 依托构词规律推导阅读生词，运用构词变形升级写作词汇，掌握熟词生义、特殊变形活用场景 常见误区 常出现词缀混用、词性变形错误、漏写特殊后缀，无法区分同义变形单词的用法差异 规避词缀逻辑误用、词性适配错误、特殊变形遗漏、熟词生义误判等高阶丢分陷阱 对应题型 单词拼写、基础词性填空、简单改错，题型单一、难度低、干扰项少 语法填空词性转换、短文改错变形纠错、完形生词辨析、阅读词义猜测、书面表达词汇升格 二、三大构词法分类精讲（含初高中衔接用法） （一）派生法（词缀法）—— 考试核心重难点 定义：通过添加前缀、后缀生成新词，是考试最高频构词法。核心铁律：前缀改词义、不改词性；后缀改词性、不改词义。 【分类精讲】 1. 否定类前缀（un- / in- / im- / dis-） 表格：否定类前缀精讲（核心词汇：un- / in- / im- / dis-） 核心词缀 合并精讲（初高中整合） 经典例词 un- 通用否定前缀，适配形容词、副词，极少用于动词，侧重否定事物原有状态、属性，是初高中最基础、使用最广泛的否定词缀，变形无特殊规则，适配绝大多数基础词汇。 unhappy 不开心的、unlucky 不幸的、unable 不能的、unfair 不公平的 in- / im- 正式书面否定前缀，多用于形容词。im-为in-的专属变体，是固定变形规则：仅用于b、p、m开头的单词前，不可随意替换，为语法填空高频固定考点，高中侧重语境精准适配。 incorrect 不正确的、impossible 不可能的、impolite 不礼貌的、immoral 不道德的 dis- 专属动词、名词否定前缀，侧重动作反向、行为否定，与un-状态否定形成明确区分，是初高中易混辨析核心考点，高中重点考查语境逻辑区分。 disagree 不同意、disappear 消失、dislike 不喜欢、dishonest 不诚实的 【衔接核心总结】 初中：识记否定前缀词义、基础变形；高中：辨析状态否定(un-)与动作否定(dis-)，掌握im-特殊变形，适配语境解题与写作。 【经典例句】 It is impolite to speak loudly and interrupt others in public. 在公共场合大声喧哗、打断他人是不礼貌的。 I totally disagree with his wrong opinion on this social problem. 我完全不认同他关于这个社会问题的错误观点。 It is impossible for us to finish the heavy task without teamwork. 没有团队协作，我们不可能完成这项繁重的任务。 He felt extremely unhappy when he failed the important exam. 这场重要考试失利让他倍感失落。 【小试牛刀】 根据句意及单词提示，填入正确否定前缀完成变形 1. It is _______ (polite) to stare at others in daily life. 2. Most people _______ (agree) with the unreasonable rule. 3. It is _______ (lucky) to miss the last chance of competition. 4. It is _______ (possible) to succeed without hard work. 参考答案：1.impolite 2.disagree 3.unlucky 4.impossible 2. 功能类前缀（re- / pre-） 表格：功能类前缀精讲（核心词汇：re- / pre-） 核心词缀 合并精讲（初高中整合） 经典例词 re- 动词专属功能前缀，表“再、重新、重复”，仅改变动作次数词义，不改变词性，词义直白无歧义，是写作高频升级词缀，初高中通用，高中多用于句式词汇优化。 rewrite 重写、restart 重启、review 复习、reuse 重复使用 pre- 通用功能前缀，表“预先、提前、前置”，适配动词、名词，是高一进阶核心词缀，主要用于阅读生词词义推导，区分动作时间先后逻辑。 preview 预习、predict 预测、prepay 预付、prewarn 预先警告 【衔接核心总结】 初中：熟记re-基础词汇及用法；高中：区分re-（重复）与pre-（提前）逻辑，自主推导生词、优化写作词汇。 【经典例句】 You should rewrite your composition to correct all the spelling mistakes. 你应当重写作文，改正所有的拼写错误。 We need to preview new lessons to improve our classroom learning efficiency. 我们需要预习新课，提升课堂学习效率。 It is necessary to review what we have learned in time every day. 每天及时复习所学知识十分必要。 No one can accurately predict the changes of the future. 没有人能精准预测未来的变化。 【小试牛刀】 根据中文提示，用re- / pre- 补全单词 1. _______ view (复习) 2. _______ write (重写) 3. _______ view (预习) 4. _______ dict (预测) 参考答案：1.re 2.re 3.pre 4.pre 3. 名词类后缀（-er/-or / -tion/-sion） 表格：名词类后缀精讲 核心词缀&含义 合并精讲（初高中整合） 经典例词 -er / -or 表人/物 动词变名词核心后缀，表动作执行者、职业、工具。-er使用范围广、适配绝大多数普通词汇；-or为正式专用后缀，仅适配少数固定职业、专业词汇，无变形规律，需固定识记，是改错高频考点。 worker 工人、writer 作家、actor 演员、inventor 发明家 -tion / -sion 表抽象动作 动词变抽象名词最高频后缀，表“动作、行为、结果、状态”，是初高中语法填空必考核心变形点，变形规则固定，高中侧重复杂词根的适配变形。 action 行动、decision 决定、education 教育、discussion 讨论 【衔接核心总结】 初中：掌握基础名词后缀变形；高中：区分-er/-or适配规则，攻克复杂词根变形，适配语法填空、短文改错。 【经典例句】 Every great writer insists on continuous reading and writing. 每一位优秀的作家都坚持持续阅读和写作。 We should take positive action to protect our living environment. 我们应采取积极行动保护生存环境。 Making a wise decision needs careful consideration. 做出明智的决定需要深思熟虑。 The famous inventor created many useful things for society. 这位著名的发明家为社会创造了许多实用的事物。 【小试牛刀】 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. He is a creative _______ (invent) who has many patents. 2. We had a heated _______ (discuss) about the school rules. 3. Taking _______ (act) is more important than making plans. 4. She dreams of becoming a famous _______ (write) in the future. 参考答案：1.inventor 2.discussion 3.action 4.writer 4. 形副类后缀（-ful/-less / -ly） 表格：形副类后缀精讲 核心词缀&含义 合并精讲（初高中整合） 经典例词 -ful / -less 正反形容词 名词变形容词成对必考后缀，语义完全相反。-ful表“有……的、有益的、充满……的”；-less表“无……的、无用的、没有……的”，高中重点考查语境逻辑判断，规避正反义混用陷阱。 helpful 有帮助的、useful 有用的、helpless 无助的、useless 无用的 -ly 副词后缀 形容词变副词通用核心后缀，初高中基础变形考点。高中核心陷阱：friendly、lovely、lonely、likely 虽以-ly结尾，但仅为形容词，不可作副词使用，是短文改错高频丢分点。 quickly 快速地、carefully 仔细地、happily 开心地、calmly 冷静地 【衔接核心总结】 初中：掌握ful/less正反义、形容词变副词基础变形；高中：规避-ly形容词陷阱，结合语境精准辨析正反义后缀，适配题型与写作。 【经典例句】 Reading English every day is very helpful for language learning. 每天读英语对语言学习大有裨益。 It is useless to worry blindly without taking any action. 只盲目焦虑而不行动是毫无用处的。 We should listen carefully and take notes in every English class. 每节英语课我们都要认真听讲、做好笔记。 A friendly attitude can help us make more sincere friends. 友善的态度能帮我们结交更多真诚的朋友。 【小试牛刀】 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. It is _______ (help) to take notes in class while learning English. 2. He finished the difficult task _______ (quick) than others. 3. Blind comparison is _______ (use) for personal growth. 4. She is a _______ (love) girl who is popular among classmates. 参考答案：1.helpful 2.quickly 3.useless 4.lovely （二）合成法 定义：两个及以上单词直接拼接构词，无词缀、无复杂变形，词义多为语义叠加，是扩充词汇、升格写作的基础方法。 【分类精讲】 表格：合成法核心分类精讲 分类类型 合并精讲（初高中整合） 高频例词 合成名词 多由“名词+名词”“介词+名词”构成，词义直观易懂，初中侧重固定单词识记；高中侧重自主推导陌生合成词词义，适配阅读生词猜测，无复杂变形规则。 weekend 周末、classroom 教室、blackboard 黑板、basketball 篮球 合成形容词 多由“形容词/副词+现在分词”“数词+名词”构成，是高中写作核心加分词汇，可替代基础简单形容词，提升句式高级感，适配各类书面表达场景。 hard-working 勤奋的、good-looking 好看的、three-year-old 三岁的 【衔接核心总结】 初中：熟记高频固定合成词；高中：掌握词义推导规律，活用合成形容词优化写作句式，丰富表达。 【经典例句】 We should keep our classroom clean and tidy every school day. 我们应当每天保持教室干净整洁。 I usually take outdoor sports and relax on the weekend. 我通常在周末进行户外运动、放松身心。 As a hard-working student, she always sticks to self-discipline. 作为一名勤奋的学生，她始终坚守自律。 This five-year-old child has great talent for music. 这个五岁的孩子极具音乐天赋。 【小试牛刀】 根据单词组合规律，写出对应合成单词 1. black + board = ________ (黑板) 2. week + end = ________ (周末) 3. hard + working = ________ (勤奋的) 4. foot + ball = ________ (足球) 参考答案：1.blackboard 2.weekend 3.hard-working 4.football （三）转化法（零变形构词） 定义：单词拼写不变，仅依托语境转换词性，无任何变形，是初高中熟词生义、语法填空隐性难点。 【分类精讲】 表格：转化法核心分类精讲 转化类型 合并精讲（初高中整合） 高频例词 名词→动词 最高频转化用法，普通名词直接活用为动词，表“使用、从事、实施”对应动作，无形态变化，高中侧重熟词生义语境判断，是长难句高频考点。 water 水→浇水、book 书→预订、hand 手→传递 动词→名词 动作类动词直接转化为名词，表“动作、行为、过程”，简化句式结构，适配简洁化写作表达，初高中通用。 walk 走→散步、dream 做梦→梦想、look 看→神情 形容词→动词 进阶转化用法，形容词活用为动词，表“使……变得……”，书面语质感更强，是高一重点拓展考点，适配高阶句式运用。 clean 干净的→打扫、empty 空的→倒空 【衔接核心总结】 初中：识别基础词性转换；高中：打破固定词性思维，攻克熟词生义，适配阅读、完形、语法填空高阶考点。 【经典例句】 We need to water the young trees regularly to help them grow. 我们需要定期给小树浇水，助力它们生长。 I plan to book a train ticket in advance for the winter vacation. 我计划提前预订寒假的火车票。 Taking a slow walk after dinner is a healthy living habit. 饭后慢走是一种健康的生活习惯。 Please empty the trash bin before you leave the classroom. 离开教室前请清空垃圾桶。 【小试牛刀】 判断划线单词的词性并翻译词义 1. Please hand me the textbook on the desk. (hand) 2. Farmers water crops carefully every summer. (water) 3. A relaxed walk can relieve our study pressure. (walk) 4. He helped me empty the heavy box. (empty) 参考答案：1.动词，传递 2.动词，浇水 3.名词，散步 4.动词，倒空 【构词法核心易错规则汇总】 表格：初高中必考避坑考点 易错考点 规则解析与避坑指南 正误示例 否定词缀混用 状态类形容词否定用un-，动作类动词否定用dis-，b/p/m开头单词固定用im-，不可随意替换，是改错高频考点。 正：unlucky、disagree 错：dislucky、unagree -ly词性误判 friendly、lovely、lonely、likely 以-ly结尾，但均为形容词，不能用作副词，切忌盲目变形套用。 正：a friendly teacher 错：he teaches friendly ful/less语义混淆 两组后缀完全反义，不可凭惯性填空，必须结合句子语境逻辑判断语义，适配完形、语法填空题型。 helpful 有益的 / helpless 无助的 转化法词性误判 同一单词拼写不变，词性随语境变化，不可固化单一词性，重点规避熟词生义理解错误。 water(n.水) / water(v.浇水) 【整体衔接核心总结】 初中核心：识记构词基础规则，完成简单变形填空，筑牢基础；高中核心：辨析易混词缀、推导生词、活用变形升级写作、规避题型陷阱。通用核心：前缀改义不改性，后缀改性不改义；合成重语义叠加，转化重语境词性。 【经典例句】 It is useless to complain constantly without taking practical action. 一味抱怨却不付诸实际行动是毫无用处的。 We should preview new knowledge and review old knowledge every day. 我们要每日预习新知、复习旧知。 The hard-working boy always takes positive action to solve problems. 这个勤奋的男孩总能积极采取行动解决问题。 You can book tickets in advance to save waiting time. 你可以提前订票，节省等待时间。 【小试牛刀】 根据构词法规则，填入合适单词形式适配语境 1. It is _______ (polite) to talk loudly in the library. 2. Reading is _______ (help) to improve our English level. 3. We need to _______ (view) what we have learned timely. 4. He _______ (book) a room for his parents yesterday. 参考答案：1.impolite 2.helpful 3.review 4.booked 三、构词法综合专项训练（全考点巩固） （一）单词变形填空 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. He is a careful and _______ (honest) student in our class. 2. Making a correct _______ (decide) is important for our growth. 3. It is _______ (possible) to finish the heavy task in ten minutes. 4. She speaks English _______ (fluent) in the competition. 5. Blind worry is totally _______ (use) for solving problems. 6. We should _______ (write) the essay to correct mistakes. 7. The young _______ (invent) created a new useful machine. 8. His _______ (friend) smile made me feel warm. 9. It is _______ (polite) to cut in line in public places. 10. We need to make full _______ (discuss) before taking action. 参考答案：1.honest 2.decision 3.impossible 4.fluently 5.useless 6.rewrite 7.inventor 8.friendly 9.impolite 10.discussion （二）单项选择 选择最佳答案。 1. It is _______ to laugh at people in trouble. A. polite B. impolite C. helpful D. useful 2. He is _______ and always makes small mistakes in homework. A. careful B. careless C. useful D. hopeful 3. This _______ boy gets good grades in all subjects. A. hard-working B. working-hard C. hard work D. work hard 4. We should listen _______ in every public class. A. careful B. carefully C. friendly D. lovely 5. It is _______ for us to predict everything in the future. A. possible B. impossible C. necessary D. important 6. The little girl is _______ to strangers, so everyone likes her. A. friendly B. friend C. happily D. kindly 7. Please _______ the flowers regularly to keep them alive. A. water B. waters C. watered D. watering 8. His _______ of the problem helps us solve it quickly. A. discuss B. discussion C. discussing D. discussed 9. It is _______ to complain without working hard. A. useful B. useless C. helpful D. hopeful 10. You need to _______ your article to correct grammar mistakes. A. rewrite B. write C. preview D. review 11. Most of us _______ with his strange idea. A. agree B. disagree C. dislike D. disappear 12. The famous _______ has invented many new machines. A. actor B. writer C. inventor D. worker 13. It is _______ to finish such a hard task in one minute. A. impossible B. possible C. important D. necessary 14. We should _______ our lessons before class to improve efficiency. A. review B. preview C. rewrite D. restart 15. A _______ attitude can bring us more chances. A. helpful B. helpless C. useless D. careless 参考答案：1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.B 6.A 7.C 8.D 9.B 10.A 11.D 12.C 13.B 14.D 15.C （三）完成句子 根据中文提示补全句子，每空一词。 1. 课前预习、课后复习对学习大有帮助。 It is very _______ to _______ new lessons and _______ knowledge after class. 2. 勤奋自律的学生更容易实现梦想。 _______ and self-disciplined students can realize their dreams more easily. 3. 盲目焦虑是无用的，行动才是关键。 It is _______ to worry blindly, and action is the key. 4. 在公共场合喧哗是不礼貌的行为。 It is _______ to speak loudly in _______ places. 5. 我们可以提前预订车票节省时间。 We can _______ tickets in advance to save time. 6. 认真的思考有助于做出明智的决定。 Careful thinking helps us make a wise _______. 7. 我们应当重新启动这项计划，坚持完成目标。 We should _______ this plan and stick to our goals. 8. 消极抱怨对个人成长毫无益处。 Negative complaints are _______ for personal growth. 9. 这位年轻作家的作品深受学生喜爱。 The works of the young _______ are popular with students. 10. 我们要友好待人，收获真挚的友谊。 We should be _______ to others and get sincere friendship. 参考答案：1.helpful; preview; review 2.Hard-working 3.useless 4.impolite; public 5.book 6.decision 7.restart 8.useless 9.writer 10.friendly 第十二天•阶段专项训练 （代词+数词+介词+连词） 本套习题涵盖代词、数词、介词、连词、构词法五大核心考点，题型梯度科学，适配初高中衔接刷题与检测巩固。 （一）句子填空 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. This is not my book. _______ (my) is on the desk. 2. There are _______ (nine) students in the classroom, three fewer than yesterday. 3. It is _______ (polite) to shout in public. 4. He kept working hard, _______ (so) he finally achieved his dream. 5. We usually get up _______ six o’clock every morning. 6. The little girl is _______ (friend) to all her classmates. 7. Neither my parents nor I _______ (be) fond of staying up late. 8. I don’t know _______ (whether) he will come to the party or not. 9. She taught _______ (she) English during the holiday. 10. This task is _______ (use) without correct methods. 参考答案：1.Mine 2.nine 3.impolite 4.so 5.at 6.friendly 7.am 8.whether 9.herself 10.useless （二）单项填空 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 1. —Is this your pen? —No, _______ is in my pencil-box. A. My B. Mine C. I D. Myself 2. There are about two _______ students in our grade. A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of 3. We have English classes _______ Monday and Wednesday. A. in B. on C. at D. for 4. He was tired, _______ he still continued to finish his homework. A. so B. and C. but D. or 5. It is _______ to laugh at people in trouble. A. impolite B. polite C. helpful D. useful 6. _______ of the two books is useful for your study. A. All B. Both C. Either D. None 7. You can stay here _______ leave. It’s all up to you. A. and B. but C. so D. or 8. She helped _______ finish the difficult task by herself. A. her B. herself C. hers D. she 9. The _______ season of a year is autumn. A. three B. third C. thirteen D. thirty 10. We should be friendly _______ our classmates. A. of B. for C. to D. with 11. Study hard, _______ you will fail the coming exam. A. and B. so C. but D. or 12. This _______ boy always gets good grades. A. hard-working B. working-hard C. hard work D. work hard 13. _______ is ready for the party, so we can start now. A. Something B. Anything C. Everything D. Nothing 14. We will go hiking _______ it doesn’t rain tomorrow. A. if B. though C. because D. so 15. It is _______ to complain without action. A. useful B. useless C. helpful D. hopeful 参考答案：1.B 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.B 9.B 10.C 11.D 12.A 13.C 14.A 15.B （三）完成句子 根据中文提示补全英文句子，每空一词。 1. 一周有七天，我最喜欢周五。 There are _______ days in a week and I love Friday _______. 2. 我不知道他是否会参加这次活动。 I don’t know _______ he will take part in this activity _______ not. 3. 对他人友善是非常有益的。 It is very _______ to be kind _______ others. 4. 他努力学习，所以取得了很大进步。 He studies very hard, _______ he makes great progress. 5. 这是我的书，她的在书架上。 This is my book. _______ is on the bookshelf. 6. 无论刮风下雨，他从不迟到。 It rains _______ winds, he is never late. 7. 这是本年度第五场校园活动。 This is the _______ school activity of this year. 8. 他独自完成了所有作业。 He finished all his homework by _______. 9. 在课堂上认真听讲很重要。 Listening _______ in class is very important. 10. 我喜欢读书，因为它能让我放松。 I like reading _______ it can make me relaxed. 参考答案：1.seven; best 2.whether; or 3.helpful; to 4.so 5.Hers 6.or 7.fifth 8.himself 9.carefully 10.because （四）短文语法填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入适当内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 I am a middle school student. There are sixty students in 1. _______ (we) class. Thirty-two are boys and twenty-eight are girls. It is 2. _______ (help) and necessary to help each other. We usually get up 3. _______ 6:30 every morning and go to school on foot. My deskmate is a hard-working girl. She never wastes time 4. _______ she knows time is valuable. She likes reading, 5. _______ she has a lot of knowledge. Yesterday she bought two 6. _______ (book) and one of 7. _______ (they) is about English culture. It is 8. _______ (polite) to judge others casually. We should get on well with others. We believe 9. _______ we keep working hard, we will make greater progress in our study. We have seven subjects and they start 10. _______ Monday morning to Friday afternoon. 答案解析: 1.our 形容词性物主代词，修饰名词class，表“我们的班级”。 2.helpful 构词法变形，名词help加后缀-ful转化为形容词，作表语。 3.at 介词考点，具体时刻前用介词at。 4.because 连词考点，引导原因状语从句，解释不浪费时间的原因。 5.so 连词考点，表因果关系，热爱读书所以知识丰富。 6.books 数词搭配考点，基数词two后接可数名词复数形式。 7.them 代词考点，介词of后接人称代词宾格形式。 8.impolite 构词法考点，否定前缀im-加polite构成反义词，表“不礼貌的”。 9.if 连词考点，引导条件状语从句，表条件假设。 10.from 介词考点，from...to...为固定搭配，表时间起止范围。 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $