Unit7讲义暑期自学2026-2027学年人教版英语七年级上学期（讲练解析）

🎂 人教版七年级英语上册 · Unit 7 Happy Birthday! 👩‍🏫 暑假自学讲义 · 讲练结合 · 适合初一新生 📑 目录 Part 1 学习目标  |  Part 2 词汇与短语  |  Part 3 语音 · 辅音与语调  |  Part 4 核心句型  |  Part 5 语法 · 疑问词与日期  |  Part 6 课文精讲  |  Part 7 综合闯关  |  Part 8 答案与解析  |  Part 9 附录 · 速查 Part 1 单元学习目标 ✔ 正确使用月份名称和序数词表达日期，谈论生日或聚会的时间。 ✔ 讨论庆祝生日的方式和生日礼物的选择，提高人际交往和沟通能力。 ✔ 正确使用数词谈论物品的数量和价格，并用英语进行日常购物会话。 ✔ 听辨并准确认读音素 /h/、/r/、/l/、/m/、/n/、/ŋ/、/w/、/j/，掌握英语中升、降调的基本规则。 ✔ 了解不同国家和地区庆祝生日的传统习俗，提高跨文化理解和交流能力。 Part 2 单元词汇与短语 一、月份词汇 单词 词义 记忆小贴士 January 一月 Jan. February 二月 Feb. March 三月 Mar. April 四月 Apr. May 五月 May June 六月 Jun. July 七月 Jul. August 八月 Aug. September 九月 Sept. October 十月 Oct. November 十一月 Nov. December 十二月 Dec. 二、序数词（日期表达） 基数词 序数词 缩写 one first 1st two second 2nd three third 3rd five fifth 5th eight eighth 8th nine ninth 9th twelve twelfth 12th twenty twentieth 20th 💡 规则： 一般加 -th；以 -ve 结尾变 -fth；以 -t 结尾直接加 -h；以 -y 结尾变 -ieth。 三、核心词汇 单词 词义 记忆小贴士 celebrate 庆祝；庆贺 celebration（庆祝活动） surprise 惊奇；惊讶 a surprise party 惊喜派对 something 某事；某物 不定代词，形容词后置 sale 出售；销售 on sale 打折 kilo 千克；公斤 kilogram 的缩写 yogurt 酸奶 也可拼写为 yoghurt total 总数；合计 in total 总共 price 价格 the price of ……的价格 balloon 气球 ball + -oon chocolate 巧克力 chocolate cake 巧克力蛋糕 pizza 比萨饼 可数名词 list 名单；清单 shopping list 购物清单 四、核心短语 come with — 附送；包含（It comes with some candles.） make a wish — 许愿（Make a wish and blow out the candles.） blow out — 吹灭（blow out the candles） take a photo — 拍照（take photos together） for example — 例如（For example, we celebrate ...） next time — 下次（Next time, I want to do something different.） in total — 总共（seven years in total） a symbol of — ……的象征（a symbol of long life） 🔴 特别注意： 📌 something 等不定代词被形容词修饰时，形容词后置：something different（不同的事情） 📌 come with = 附送（The cake comes with candles.） 📌 price 常与 high / low 搭配：The price is high.（不说 expensive 修饰 price） Part 3 语音加油站 —— 辅音音素与语调 一、八组辅音对比 /h/ /r/ how, right /l/ let, help /m/ /n/ /ŋ/ may, ninth, thing /w/ /j/ week, yes 📌 发音口诀 /h/ 轻呼气（how, house） /r/ 卷舌音（right, read） /l/ 舌尖抵上齿龈（let, help） /m/ 双唇紧闭（may, climb） /n/ 舌尖抵上齿龈（ninth, win） /ŋ/ 舌根抵软腭（thing, wing） /w/ 双唇收圆（week, sweet） /j/ 舌前部抬高（yes, year） 二、语调（升调与降调） 🔊 语调规律： 📌 一般疑问句用升调（↗）：Can I ask you some questions? 📌 特殊疑问句用降调（↘）：When is your birthday? 📌 陈述句用降调（↘）：It's on 23rd July. 📌 选择疑问句前升后降：Is it ↗this one or ↘that one? Exercise 1 (辨音): 判断每组单词划线部分发音是否相同（S=相同，D=不同）。 (1) how — house （ ） (2) right — read （ ） (3) thing — wing （ ） (4) week — yes （ ） Exercise 2 (语调练习): 朗读下列句子，判断用升调(↗)还是降调(↘)。 (1) When is your birthday? （ ） (2) Can I help you? （ ） (3) It's on 2nd August. （ ） (4) Do you like cakes or bread? （ ） Part 4 核心句型与对话 一、询问生日与年龄 问句 答句 汉译 When is your birthday? It's on 2nd August. 你的生日是什么时候？在8月2日。 How old are you? I'm 12 years old. 你多大了？我12岁。 二、购物用语 售货员 顾客 汉译 Can I help you? Yes, please. How much is this cake? 我能帮你吗？是的。这个蛋糕多少钱？ How many kilos do you want? Five kilos, please. 你要多少公斤？请给我5公斤。 What's the total? It's 165 yuan. 总价是多少？165元。 💬 对话模板 对话：购买生日派对用品 A: Can I help you? （我能帮你吗？） B: Yes, please. How much is this cake? （是的。这个蛋糕多少钱？） A: It's 85 yuan. It comes with some candles. （85元，附送一些蜡烛。） B: Great! I'll take it. （太好了！我要了。） Exercise 3 (补全对话): A: (1) ______ I help you? B: Yes, please. How (2) ______ is this cake? A: It's 85 yuan. It comes (3) ______ some candles. B: Good. How (4) ______ kilos of oranges do you have? A: Six yuan a kilo. (5) ______ many kilos do you want? B: Five kilos, please. Part 5 语法精讲 —— 疑问词与日期表达 一、疑问词总览 疑问词 询问内容 例句 when 时间（日期/时段） When is your birthday? what 事物/活动 What do you want for a gift? how old 年龄 How old is your father? how much 价格/不可数名词数量 How much is this cake? how many 可数名词数量 How many kilos do you want? who 人 Who do you celebrate with? where 地点 Where do you have the party? why 原因 Why do people eat noodles? 二、日期表达法 📌 英式英语：2nd August 或 2 August（日 + 月） 📌 美式英语：August 2nd 或 August 2（月 + 日） 💡 口语中常用 "It's on + 日期" 表达生日 📖 易错提醒： ❌ How much is the price?（price 本身已含"价格"含义） ✅ What is the price? 或 How much is it? Exercise 4 (选词填空): 用 when / what / how old / how much / how many / who / where / why 填空。 (1) ______ is your birthday? (2) ______ do you want for your birthday? (3) ______ is your mother? (4) ______ is this T-shirt? (5) ______ people are there in your family? (6) ______ do you celebrate with? Part 6 Section B 课文精讲 —— How do you make your birthday meaningful? 一、课文原文（两则网络帖子） Yu Xiaoming My birthday is on 13th June. On that day, I always eat birthday noodles with eggs. Long noodles are a symbol of long life. Every year, my family and I take a photo together under the big tree in our village. I like taking photos because they help me remember fun times with my family. This year, I want to plant a small tree for my 14th birthday. I'd like to watch it grow with me. Judy Clark My birthday is on 28th July. I usually have a party with my friends to celebrate. My mother always makes my favourite chocolate cake. Everyone sings the "Happy Birthday" song, and then I make a wish and blow out the candles. Next, we enjoy the cake, and I open all my gifts. My father marks my height on the door every year. It's fun to look at the marks later. Next time, I also want to do something different. Any good ideas? 二、课文结构分析 人物 生日 庆祝方式 特殊活动 Yu Xiaoming 13th June 吃长寿面，拍照 计划种一棵树 Judy Clark 28th July 派对，蛋糕，许愿，拆礼物 父亲标记身高 三、重点词汇与短语解析 词汇/短语 词义 课文例句 拓展/考点 a symbol of ……的象征 Long noodles are a symbol of long life. symbol 象征 remember 记住；记起 help me remember fun times remember to do（记得去做） remember doing（记得做过） plant 种植 plant a small tree 名词"植物" grow 成长；增长 watch it grow with me grow up 长大；感官动词 + 动词原形 mark 做记号；标记 mark my height on the door 作动词 height 身高；高度 mark my height high 的名词形式 something different 不同的事情 do something different 形容词后置修饰不定代词 🔴 重点易错点 1： 不定代词 + 形容词（后置） ✅ something different ❌ different something 🔴 重点易错点 2： come with = 附送 The cake comes with candles.（蛋糕附送蜡烛） This coat comes with a belt.（这件大衣配有腰带） 🔴 重点易错点 3： price 与 cost 的区别 What's the price of the cake?（询问价格） The cake costs 85 yuan.（花费） 🔴 重点易错点 4： 感官动词 + 动词原形 watch it grow（看它成长） I see him play basketball. 四、重点句子解析 句子 解析 考点 Long noodles are a symbol of long life. a symbol of 表示"……的象征"。 象征意义的表达 I like taking photos because they help me remember fun times. like doing 喜欢做某事；help sb do 帮助某人做。 like doing / help sb do Next time, I also want to do something different. something different 形容词后置修饰不定代词。 不定代词 + 形容词后置 Any good ideas? 省略句，完整句为 Do you have any good ideas? 口语中的省略句 五、课文理解练习 根据课文内容，选择正确答案： (1) When is Yu Xiaoming's birthday? （ ） A. 13th June   B. 28th July   C. 14th June   D. 27th July (2) What does Yu Xiaoming want to do for his 14th birthday? （ ） A. Have a party   B. Plant a tree   C. Buy a cake   D. Go shopping (3) What does Judy's father do on her birthday? （ ） A. Makes a cake   B. Marks her height   C. Buys a gift   D. Takes a photo Part 7 综合闯关 (满分100分) 一、根据汉语提示写单词（每题1分，共12分） 1. My birthday is in J________ (一月). 2. We c________ (庆祝) my birthday every year. 3. I want to buy s________ (某物) for my mother. 4. The cake is on s________ (出售). 5. How much is a k________ (千克) of apples? 6. I like to eat y________ (酸奶). 7. What's the t________ (总数)? 8. The p________ (价格) is too high. 9. I want some b________ (气球) for the party. 10. I like c________ (巧克力) cake. 11. Please make a shopping l________ (清单). 12. I want to plant a tree for my birthday. I can watch it g________ (成长). 二、用所给词的适当形式填空（每题1分，共6分） 13. My birthday is on the ______ (two) of May. 14. She wants ______ (buy) a gift for her mother. 15. I like ______ (take) photos on my birthday. 16. My mother ______ (make) a cake for me every year. 17. How many ______ (balloon) do you need? 18. Let's ______ (go) shopping for the party. 三、单项选择（每题2分，共20分） 19. — ______ is your birthday? — It's on 2nd August. A. What   B. When   C. Where   D. How （ ） 20. My birthday is ______ 13th June. A. in   B. on   C. at   D. for （ ） 21. — ______ is this T-shirt? — It's 50 yuan. A. How many   B. How much   C. How old   D. What （ ） 22. The cake comes ______ some candles. A. to   B. for   C. with   D. of （ ） 23. I want to do ______ different. A. something   B. anything   C. nothing   D. everything （ ） 24. Long noodles are a symbol ______ long life. A. to   B. for   C. of   D. with （ ） 25. She ______ a wish and blows out the candles. A. make   B. makes   C. making   D. to make （ ） 26. — ______ kilos of oranges do you want? — Five kilos. A. How much   B. How many   C. How old   D. How far （ ） 27. The cake is 85 yuan. It comes with some candles. What's the ______? A. price   B. total   C. number   D. cost （ ） 28. We ______ William Shakespeare's birthday as English Language Day. A. celebrate   B. buy   C. make   D. take （ ） 四、按要求完成句子（每题3分，共15分） 29. My birthday is on 13th June.（对划线部分提问） ___________________________________________ 30. The cake is 85 yuan.（对划线部分提问） ___________________________________________ 31. I want five kilos of oranges.（对划线部分提问） ___________________________________________ 32. She makes a wish and blows out the candles.（改为否定句） ___________________________________________ 33. It's time for me to go to bed.（翻译成中文） ___________________________________________ 五、完形填空（每题1分，共10分） My name is Yu Xiaoming. My birthday is (34) ______ 13th June. On that day, I always eat birthday noodles (35) ______ eggs. Long noodles are a symbol (36) ______ long life. Every year, my family and I take a photo (37) ______ under the big tree in our village. I like (38) ______ photos because they help me remember fun times with my family. This year, I want to plant a small tree for my 14th birthday. I'd like to watch it (39) ______ with me. Judy Clark's birthday is on 28th July. She usually (40) ______ a party with her friends. Her mother makes her favourite chocolate cake. Everyone sings the "Happy Birthday" song, and then she makes a wish and (41) ______ out the candles. Her father (42) ______ her height on the door every year. Next time, she also wants to do (43) ______ different. She asks for (44) ______ good ideas. Every birthday is a (45) ______ of life. 34. A. in   B. on   C. at   D. for （ ） 35. A. to   B. for   C. with   D. of （ ） 36. A. to   B. for   C. with   D. of （ ） 37. A. together   B. alone   C. quickly   D. slowly （ ） 38. A. take   B. taking   C. to take   D. took （ ） 39. A. grow   B. grows   C. growing   D. to grow （ ） 40. A. have   B. has   C. having   D. to have （ ） 41. A. blow   B. blows   C. blowing   D. to blow （ ） 42. A. mark   B. marks   C. marking   D. to mark （ ） 43. A. something   B. anything   C. nothing   D. everything （ ） 44. A. no   B. any   C. some   D. many （ ） 45. A. gift   B. party   C. cake   D. symbol （ ） 六、阅读理解（每题2分，共10分） Passage Yu Xiaoming's birthday is on 13th June. He eats birthday noodles with eggs on that day because long noodles are a symbol of long life. He takes photos with his family under the big tree every year. This year, he wants to plant a tree for his 14th birthday. Judy Clark's birthday is on 28th July. She has a party with her friends. Her mother makes a chocolate cake. She makes a wish and blows out the candles. She opens gifts and her father marks her height on the door. She wants to do something different next time. 46. When is Yu Xiaoming's birthday? A. 13th June   B. 28th July   C. 14th June   D. 27th July （ ） 47. Why does Xiaoming eat birthday noodles? A. Because they are delicious.   B. Because they are a symbol of long life. C. Because his mother makes them.   D. Because he likes noodles. （ ） 48. Where does Xiaoming take photos with his family? A. In the park   B. Under a big tree   C. At home   D. At school （ ） 49. What does Judy's father do on her birthday? A. Makes a cake.   B. Marks her height. C. Buys a gift.   D. Takes a photo. （ ） 50. What does Judy want to do next time? A. Have a bigger party.   B. Do something different. C. Make a chocolate cake.   D. Plant a tree. （ ） 七、书面表达（10分） 请写一篇短文介绍你的生日庆祝方式（不少于50词）。 要求：1. 说明你的生日日期；2. 描述你的庆祝方式；3. 表达你对生日的感受。 （写作区域 ，请在此处作答） _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Part 8 答案与详细解析 Exercise 1 答案 (1) S（/h/ vs /h/）   (2) S（/r/ vs /r/） (3) S（/ŋ/ vs /ŋ/）   (4) D（/w/ vs /j/） 📖 详细解析： (1) how 和 house 中的 h 都读 /h/ → 相同。 (2) right 和 read 中的 r 都读 /r/ → 相同。 (3) thing /θɪŋ/ 和 wing /wɪŋ/ 中的 ng 都读 /ŋ/ → 相同。 (4) week 中的 w 读 /w/，yes 中的 y 读 /j/ → 不同。 Exercise 2 答案 (1) ↘（特殊疑问句降调）   (2) ↗（一般疑问句升调） (3) ↘（陈述句降调）   (4) ↗↘（选择疑问句前升后降） Exercise 3 答案 1. Can   2. much   3. with   4. many   5. How Exercise 4 答案 1. When   2. What   3. How old   4. How much   5. How many   6. Who Section B 课文理解练习答案 (1) A   (2) B   (3) B 综合检测答案 一、单词填空： 1. January   2. celebrate   3. something   4. sale   5. kilo   6. yogurt   7. total   8. price   9. balloons   10. chocolate   11. list   12. grow 二、适当形式： 13. second   14. to buy   15. taking   16. makes   17. balloons   18. go 三、单项选择： 19. B   20. B   21. B   22. C   23. A   24. C   25. B   26. B   27. B   28. A 📖 详细解析： 19. 询问日期用 When → B。 20. 具体日期用 on → B。 21. 询问价格用 How much → B。 22. come with 附送 → C。 23. 肯定句用 something → A。 24. a symbol of → C。 25. She 三单 → B。 26. 可数名词数量用 How many → B。 27. "总价"用 total → B。 28. "庆祝"用 celebrate → A。 四、句型转换： 29. When is your birthday? 30. How much is the cake? 31. How many kilos of oranges do you want? 32. She doesn't make a wish or blow out the candles. 33. 到我睡觉的时间了。 五、完形填空： 34. B   35. C   36. D   37. A   38. B   39. A   40. B   41. B   42. B   43. A   44. B   45. A 📖 详细解析： 34. 具体日期用 on → B。 35. "带鸡蛋"用 with → C。 36. a symbol of → D。 37. "一起"拍照 → A。 38. like doing → B。 39. watch it grow（感官动词 + 动词原形）→ A。 40. She 三单 → B。 41. She 三单 → B。 42. He 三单 → B。 43. 肯定句用 something → A。 44. 疑问句用 any → B。 45. "生命的礼物" → A。 六、阅读理解： 46. A   47. B   48. B   49. B   50. B 📖 详细解析： 46. "13th June" → A。 47. "symbol of long life" → B。 48. "under the big tree" → B。 49. "marks her height" → B。 50. "do something different" → B。 七、书面表达参考范文 My birthday is on 15th August. On that day, I usually have a party with my family and friends. My mother makes a big chocolate cake for me. I make a wish and blow out the candles. Then I open my gifts. I like taking photos with my family. This year, I want to plant a small tree for my birthday. I think it's a meaningful way to celebrate. Every birthday is a gift of life. 评分标准： 内容完整性3分 + 日期表达2分 + 句型与语法3分 + 书写规范2分 = 10分 Part 9 附录 · 速查表 📘 疑问词速查： when（时间）｜ what（事物）｜ how old（年龄）｜ how much（价格/不可数）｜ how many（可数数量）｜ who（人）｜ where（地点）｜ why（原因） 📌 日期表达速查： 英式：2nd August（日+月）｜ 美式：August 2nd（月+日） 📌 核心句型： — When is your birthday? （你的生日是什么时候？） — How much is this cake? （这个蛋糕多少钱？） — How many kilos do you want? （你要多少公斤？） 🔴 易错点 TOP 6： ① 不定代词 + 形容词（形容词后置，如 something different）！ ② come with（附送）vs come from（来自）！ ③ price（价格）不与 expensive 搭配，与 high/low 搭配！ ④ How much（价格/不可数）vs How many（可数数量）！ ⑤ on + 具体日期（on 2nd August）vs in + 月份（in August）！ ⑥ 感官动词 + 动词原形（watch it grow）！ ⏳ 暑假安排： Day1 词汇+月份与序数词 ; Day2 语音·辅音与语调 ; Day3 疑问词与购物用语 ; Day4 Section B 课文精讲 ; Day5 综合 ; Day6 作文+订正。 🎓 祝同学们暑假学习愉快，每个生日都是生命的礼物！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $