专题05 阅读理解之C应用文，说明文（5年汇编）（天津专用）2022-2026年中考英语真题分类汇编

**基本信息** 汇编2022-2026年天津中考真题及2026年模拟阅读理解题，涵盖科技、文化、生态等主题，通过真实情境培养学生语言理解与跨文化沟通能力。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|多篇，每题5小题|科技（企鹅机器人）、文化（茶与咖啡文化）、生态（科罗拉多河）、社会热点（职业介绍、互联网安全）|情境具时代性（极地变暖、可穿戴设备）；问题层次分明（细节题如“机器人用途”、词义题如“response”、主旨题如“主要内容”）；注重思维品质（如2025年职业介绍题考查信息排序）|

西学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 专题05阅读理解C之应用文/说明文 5年真题1年模拟•答案版 五年真题分类园 26天津中考真题 11.C 12.D13.B14.A15.D @ 25天津中考真题 36.B 37.B 38.D 39.C 40.B © 24天津中考真题 36.C 37.D 38.B 39.D 40.A 23·天津中考真题 36.A 37.B 38.D39.C40.D 22·天津中考真题 36.B 37.D 38.D 39.A 40.C 一年模拟练测园 26天津和平一模 113 品学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 11.B12.D13.C14.C15.B 26·天津滨海一模 11.D 12.C13.D14.C 15.A @ 26天津河北一模 11.A12.B 13.D14.C15.A 26天津河东一模 11.A 12.B13.C14.A15.D 26·天津红桥一模 11.C12.D13.A14.C15.C 26天津南开一模 11.A12.B13.C14.D15.B © 26天津和平二模 11.C 12.D13.C14.A15.B © 26·天津红桥二模 11.D 12.C13.B14.B15.C @r 26~天津南开二模 213 函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 11.c 12.B13.D 14.B15.A 26·天津滨海二模 11. C 12.B13.A14.D15.C 26天津河北二模 11.B12.A13.D14.A15.D 3/3 专题05 阅读理解C之应用文/说明文 5年真题1年模拟·解析版 年份 考题内容（2022-2026） 命题规律 2026年 本文介绍科学家研发企鹅外形机器人，因帝企鹅生性胆小，普通靠近会刺激它们，这款机器人能近距离观察帝企鹅行为，企鹅甚至主动对它鸣叫，未来机器人还将加装发声功能。 1.语篇选材——联系生活，关注热点。 2.考点设置——均匀分布，层层递进。 3.选项设计——干扰有据，陷阱分明。 4.能力导向——素养立意，思维为重。 2025年 本文主要介绍了三位年轻人的职业及其工作内容、特点和感受。 2024年 本文主要就互联网安全，介绍几位互联网用户的经历。 2023年 本文主要介绍了早期动物园以及如今的动物园的作用，但是我们还需做更多的事情来保护所爱的动物。 2022年 本文主要介绍了茶和咖啡的不同文化。 26·天津中考真题 Scientists are creating robots that can be used in many different areas of life. Recently a new kind of robot which looks like a penguin has been developed. The penguin robot helps scientists get closer to emperor penguins (帝企鹅) to know more about their behaviour (行为). Emperor penguins are famous as shy animals. They usually feel nervous and run away when scientists go towards them. This will cause problems to their hearts. To solve it, a team of scientists created a remote control vehicle (遥控车). This vehicle allowed the scientists to study the penguins from over 200 metres away. It could move up to the penguins slowly and quietly without making them run away. It was also used to help make the documentary (纪录片) March of the Penguins. The scientists still wanted to watch emperor penguins much closer. After trying many times, they developed their latest robot which was like a little grey penguin. It had four black wheels, two black arms and a black-and-white painted face. The wheels were prepared for the robot to walk on the thick snow easily. This new robot didn’t scare (惊吓) the penguins. They even sang songs to welcome the robot and listened for a response. But the penguins were very unhappy when there was no answer. The scientists didn’t programme (编写程序) the penguin robot to make a sound. Next time they will have the robot sing songs. Thanks to the robots, scientists could do much more research on emperor penguins. 11．Why was the penguin robot developed? A．To know about scientists’ heart problems. B．To help scientists walk on the thick snow. C．To learn about emperor penguins’ behaviour. D．To help emperor penguins look for more food. 12．How do emperor penguins feel when scientists go towards them? A．Sad. B．Angry. C．Excited. D．Nervous. 13．What does the word “response” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Plan. B．Answer. C．Lesson. D．Reason. 14．What will the penguin robot do next time according to the passage? A．Sing songs. B．Swim in the sea. C．Take photos. D．Dance on the snow. 15．What is the passage mainly about? A．Penguins in the film. B．Penguins in the zoo. C．Robots for daily housework. D．Robots for studying penguins. 【答案】11．C 12．D 13．B 14．A 15．D 【导语】本文介绍科学家研发企鹅外形机器人，因帝企鹅生性胆小，普通靠近会刺激它们，这款机器人能近距离观察帝企鹅行为，企鹅甚至主动对它鸣叫，未来机器人还将加装发声功能。 【详解】11．原文第一段“The penguin robot helps scientists get closer to emperor penguins to know more about their behaviour.” ，研发企鹅机器人的目的是近距离观察、了解帝企鹅的行为。 12．原文“第二段“They usually feel nervous and run away when scientists go towards them.”，当科学家靠近时，帝企鹅会感到紧张并逃跑。 13．原文第三段“They even sang songs to welcome the robot and listened for a response. But the penguins were very unhappy when there was no answer.”，后文no answer是同义提示，response意为“回应、答复”。 14．原文第三段“Next time they will have the robot sing songs.”，科学家还没给机器人设置发声程序，下一步会让机器人唱歌。 15．全文围绕用来研究帝企鹅的两款机器人展开，讲述研发原因、外形、使用效果和升级计划。选项D能够概括全文。 25·天津中考真题 There are many kinds of work. People do different things in their work. We talked to three young people about their careers (职业). Read about them. Jane, 22: I’m a travel agent (代理人). I plan vacations for different kinds of people. I need to buy plane tickets, book hotel rooms and make travel plans. I pay attention to the needs of my customers and help solve their travel problems. I really like the working hours from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm every day. And I can buy plane tickets at very low prices. Grace, 24: I sell electronics (电子产品) in a store. I help people make decisions about choosing and buying electronics. I need to know clearly about the information of each product in our store. I’m a fan of technology, so I think it’s always interesting to learn about new electronics. Sometimes I have to work late at night, but I still enjoy my work. And they pay me very well. Mike, 25: I’m a website designer (设计师). I make websites for different companies. To make a website for a company, I learn about the company and its needs first. I write down some ideas. After that, I talk to people at the company again to improve my design. Then I complete the website. I like to create new things. I feel so happy when I see the results of my work. Also, I work on my computer at home. This means I can decide my own working hours and have more time with my family. 36. What does Jane do for different kinds of people? A. She repairs computers. B. She plans vacations. C. She writes books. D. She does housework 37. What is always interesting for Grace? A. To work very late at night. B. To learn about new electronics C. To have more time with her family. D. To help people solve travel problems. 38. What is the right order for Mike to make a website for a company? a. Write down some ideas           b. Finish making the website. c. Learn about the company and its needs.      d. Communicate with people at the company again. A. a-b-c-d B. a-c-d-b C. c-b-a-d D. c-a-d-b 39. We can learn from the passage that the three young people all ________. A. sell electronics B. make little money C. enjoy their work D. create new technology 40. This passage mainly helps people ________. A. decide their working hours B. learn about different work C. find a company to work for D. become fans of technology 【答案】36. B 37. B 38. D 39. C 40. B 【解析】本文主要介绍了三位年轻人的职业及其工作内容、特点和感受。 36. 细节理解题。根据“I’m a travel agent (代理人). I plan vacations for different kinds of people.”可知，Jane的工作是为人们规划假期。故选B。 37. 细节理解题。根据“I’m a fan of technology, so I’s always interesting to learn about new electronics.”可知，Grace认为学习新电子产品很有趣。故选B。 38. 细节理解题。根据“To make a website for a company, I learn about the company and its needs first. I write down some ideas. After that, I talk to people at the company again to improve my design. Then I complete the website”可知，为一个公司做网站，Mike首先要了解这个公司和它的需求。然后写下一些想法。在那之后，他再次与公司的人交谈，以改进自己的设计。然后他完成了这个网站，故正确顺序为c-a-d-b。故选D。 39. 细节理解题。根据“Jane；I really like the working hours…”、“Grace；but I still enjoy my work.”和“Mike；I like to create new things. I feel so happy when I see the results of my work.”可知三人都热爱自己的工作。故选C。 40. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章通过三位年轻人的职业介绍，帮助读者了解不同类型的工作。故选B。 24·天津中考真题 The Internet is often used to buy and sell products, pay bills, and communicate with people. But how safe is it when you use the Internet? Our magazine Interactions asked some Internet users about their experiences. Linda, 29, nurse: I pay all my bills online. One day, I received an email from my bank. It told me that someone was trying to take out money from my account (账号), so I should email my password (密码) to the “bank manager”. I felt something was wrong, so I called my bank and asked about the email. The bank said they never sent it. I realised that someone tried to cheat (欺骗) me of my money. I’ll continue paying my bills this way, but I’ll be more careful. Emily, 22, office worker: I was at work, and I sent an email to a friend of mine. I was telling her about my problems with Mark, the manager. A few minutes later, a friend of Mark’s came over to my desk. He said, “So you think Mark is too strict?” My face was red. I chose the wrong name on my address list. It was my own fault, so I’ll look over my emails more carefully before I click “Send” next time. Thomas, 21, university student: I love the Internet! I look up lots of information online. I often buy things on the websites—furniture, clothes, CDs, even foods. I have also sold some of my things on the Internet. I only use the websites I trust and I’ve never had a safety problem. 36. Where is the passage taken from? A. A diary. B. A novel. C. A magazine. D. A history book. 37. Linda probably got the email from a person who ________. A. refused to lend money to her B. asked about her experiences C. sold things to her on the websites D. tried to cheat her of her money 38. The word “fault” in Paragraph 3 means “________”. A. project B. mistake C. advantage D. plan 39. Who shared enjoyable experiences according to the passage? A. Linda. B. Emily. C. Mark. D. Thomas. 40. What is the best title of the passage? A. The Internet: How Safe Is It? B. The Bank: How Useful Is It? C. The Website: How Cheap Is It? D. The Magazine: How Amazing Is It? 【答案】36. C 37. D 38. B 39. D 40. A 【解析】本文主要就互联网安全，介绍几位互联网用户的经历。 36. 细节理解题。根据“Our magazine Interactions asked some Internet users about their experiences.”可知，本文来自杂志，故选C。 37. 细节理解题。根据“I realised that someone tried to cheat (欺骗) me of my money.”可知，琳达可能是从一个想骗她钱的人那里收到这封邮件的，故选D。 38. 词句猜测题。根据“I chose the wrong name on my address list. It was my own fault”可知，我把通讯录上的名字选错了，这是自己的错，故选B。 39. 细节理解题。根据“I love the Internet! ... I only use the websites I trust and I’ve never had a safety problem.”可知，Thomas分享了愉快的经历，故选D。 40. 最佳标题题。本文主要就互联网安全，介绍几位互联网用户的经历。故选A。 23·天津中考真题 Most people love animals. Many children’s books use animals as the main characters. Many people look after animals as pets. The love for animals may be why both children and adults (成年人) enjoy going to zoos. In the past, zoos were usually started by rich people. The first zoo was started by a queen in Egypt in 1500 BC. Raising animals was a way for people to show they were wealthy and powerful. Sadly, the animals in the early zoos were not treated well. They didn’t receive enough attention or care. Today, zoos still bring people pleasure, but they try to protect animals and teach people as well. Zoos must follow rules. People must provide animals with a clean place to live, food and water, and health care. In this way, the rules help protect the animals. Some people think the rules are not enough. They want to do more to protect the animals they love. For example, people disapproved of the use of some large animals in shows. They thought the zoos didn’t have enough space for the animals to show. They also thought the animals were not treated properly. With so many people against the shows, the zoos decided to make a change. People see animals in zoos. At the same time, they try to learn about and protect them. Both people and animals can get a lot from each other. 36. Who started the first zoo? A. A queen in Egypt. B. A king in Egypt. C. A queen in England. D. A king in England. 37. How does the writer feel about the animals in the early zoos? A. He doesn’t care about them. B. He feels sad for them. C. He is proud of them. D. He is afraid of them. 38. According to the passage, zoos today must ________. A. train people for shows B. help look after family pets C. provide health care for tourists D. follow the rules to protect animals 39. The phrase “disapproved of” in Paragraph 4 means “________”. A. wrote about B. depended on C. were against D. were good at 40. What is the passage mainly about? A. Large animals in shows. B. Famous zoos around the world. C. Animals in the wild. D. Zoos in the past and today. 【答案】36. A 37. B 38. D 39. C 40. D 【解析】本文主要介绍了早期动物园以及如今的动物园的作用，但是我们还需做更多的事情来保护所爱的动物。 36.细节理解题。根据“The first zoo was started by a queen in Egypt in 1500 BC.”可知埃及的一位女王创办了第一个动物园。故选A。 37.推理判断题。根据“Sadly, the animals in the early zoos were not treated well. They didn’t receive enough attention or care.(可悲的是，早期动物园里的动物没有得到很好的对待。它们没有得到足够的关注和照顾。)”可推知作者为它们感到难过。故选B。 38.细节理解题。根据“Today, zoos still bring people pleasure, but they try to protect animals and teach people as well. Zoos must follow rules...In this way, the rules help protect the animals.”可知现在的动物园要遵循规则去保护动物。故选D。 39.词句猜测题。根据“For example, people disapproved of the use of some large animals in shows. They thought the zoos didn’t have enough space for the animals to show.”可知一些人认为动物园没有足够的空间来展示动物，所以应是反对在表演中使用大型动物。划线部分“disapproved of”与C选项“反对”意思相近。故选C。 40.主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了早期动物园以及如今的动物园的作用，但是我们还需做更多的事情来保护所爱的动物。故选D。 22·天津中考真题 Tea and coffee are two of the most popular drinks in the world. However, people usually like one more than the other. These drinks also have very different uses. Tea drinking started in China over 4,000 years ago. Tea is made from leaves. These days, some people drink tea for health, using it to help with stress(压力) or losing weight. However, most people in tea-drinking countries think of tea as more than just a healthy drink. In fact, tea drinking in some countries is a part of the culture. In Turkey(土耳其), tea is always there when people meet. Whether in someone’s home or a company, tea is always offered as a way of welcoming. In the UK, homes and offices usually have tea time. Tea and other dishes are served at tea time in the afternoon. It is a way of relaxing with friends or co-workers(同事). Coffee came much later than tea, just over 1,000 years ago. Coffee is made from beans. Something in the coffee beans makes a person feel active. Most people do not drink coffee to relax. Instead, they drink coffee to get going. Many people drink coffee in the morning to help them wake up. Others will also drink coffee during short breaks in the afternoon to keep going through the working day. Some people may visit coffee shops just to meet and talk with friends. However, many people in coffee shops drink coffee while working on their computers. Is tea or coffee more common in your country? Between the two, which do you like to drink more? 36. Where did tea drinking start? A. In Japan. B. In China. C. In Turkey. D. In the UK. 37. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that people in the UK ________. A. drink tea to get fat B. offer tea to say goodbye C. think of tea as a bad drink D. have tea to relax themselves 38. What is coffee made from? A. Leaves. B. Sugar. C. Dishes. D. Beans. 39. Which of the following is NOT true according to Paragraph 3? A. Coffee came much earlier than tea. B. Many people drink coffee to wake up. C. Many people work on their computers in coffee shops. D. Some people meet and talk with friends in coffee shops. 40. What is the best title of the passage? A. The Smells of Tea and Coffee B. The Prices of Tea and Coffee C. The Different Cultures of Tea and Coffee D. The Different Ways of Making Tea and Coffee 【答案】36. B 37. D 38. D 39. A 40. C 【解析】本文主要介绍了茶和咖啡的不同文化。 36.细节理解题。根据“Tea drinking started in China over 4,000 years ago.”可知，饮茶起源于4000多年前的中国。故选B。 37.细节理解题。根据“It is a way of relaxing with friends or co-workers(同事).”可知，在英国喝茶是一种和朋友或同事一起放松的方式。故选D。 38.细节理解题。根据“Coffee is made from beans.”可知，咖啡是由豆子制成的。故选D。 39.细节理解题。根据“Coffee came much later than tea”可知，咖啡的出现比茶晚得多。故选A。 40.最佳标题题。根据第一段内容可知，本文主要介绍了茶和咖啡的不同文化。故选C。 26·天津和平一模 The Colorado River is one of the most important rivers in the United States. It’s about 2,334 kilometers long. It starts in the central Rocky Mountains of Colorado and goes southwest into the ocean in Mexico (墨西哥). The river is called “the lifeline for the Southwest” in America. It runs through seven states in the US and provides fresh drinking water for over 40 million people. Farms, factories and tourism also greatly depend on it. Many dams (大坝) have been built to help save water and make electricity for cities. However, the water in the Colorado River almost gets used up during its journey. Because of a warming climate, there is much less snow in the mountains and less water runs into the river. The Southwest has been going through its worst drought (干旱) these years. Though the water in the river has become less, the need for it even has risen. Over the past twenty years, the river has lost about 20 percent of its flow (流量) and there has been very little water running into Mexico. In the face of such a great challenge, the seven states that depend on the river for water have decided to cut about 25% of their use of water. But it seems to be a difficult task. In fact, since 1922, an agreement called the Colorado River Compact has governed (管理) how the seven states share the water in the river. However, the agreement just works in times of plenty but fails to play a role under drought. Now it’s very clear that efforts are far from enough. Actually, not only the Colorado River, but also many other rivers around the world are in danger of being used up. Their water levels are going down. So it’s time for every one of us to step up and do our part to stop rivers from disappearing. 11．Where does the Colorado River start? A．In the sea near Mexico. B．In the central Rocky Mountains. C．In the seven American states. D．In some big farms. 12．The Colorado River is called “the lifeline for the Southwest” mainly because ________. A．it is the longest river in the US B．it helps build many tall dams C．it brings lots of heavy snow D．it supports many people and activities 13．What is the main cause of the river’s water becoming less? A．Mexico uses too much water. B．People build too many factories. C．The climate is getting warmer. D．There is too much tourism. 14．What can we learn about the Colorado River Compact? A．It was signed 20 years ago. B．It works well during dry years. C．It is not enough in a serious drought. D．It stops people from using the river. 15．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How people use the Colorado River for electricity and farming. B．The Colorado River is disappearing and we should protect it. C．Why the American states share the water of the Colorado River. D．Many rivers around the world are long and important. 【答案】11．B 12．D 13．C 14．C 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍科罗拉多河是美国西南部的“生命线”，但因气候变暖、干旱等问题水资源日益短缺，相关州虽采取节水措施仍面临挑战，呼吁人们保护河流。 【详解】11．第一段明确指出：“It starts in the central Rocky Mountains of Colorado”，说明科罗拉多河发源于科罗拉多州落基山脉中部。 12．第二段明确指出原因：“It runs through seven states in the US and provides fresh drinking water for over 40 million people. Farms, factories and tourism also greatly depend on it.”，说明它支撑着大量人口和活动。 13．第三段明确指出：“Because of a warming climate, there is much less snow in the mountains and less water runs into the river.”，说明主要原因是气候变暖。 14．第四段明确指出：“the agreement just works in times of plenty but fails to play a role under drought. Now it’s very clear that efforts are far from enough.”，说明该协议在严重干旱时不够用。 15．文章先介绍科罗拉多河的重要性，再讲其水资源短缺问题，最后呼吁保护河流，核心是“科罗拉多河正在消失，我们应保护它”。 26·天津滨海一模 In the world of sports, the difference between winning gold and going home with nothing can be very small — a tiny moment or a short distance. To get that small but important edge, athletes and coaches are using a powerful helper: technology. Among the most exciting new inventions are wearable devices (可穿戴设备). These small, smart sensors (传感器), which can be worn on a wrist (手腕), chest, or even put into clothing, are like having a personal scientist on your team. Take running, for example. A simple smartwatch can tell how far you run, your heart rate, and your speed. But more advanced wearables can do much more. They can watch an athlete’s running form, measuring things like how long the foot stays on the ground and how much the body moves up and down. This information helps coaches find problems. If a runner is wasting energy by moving up and down too much, they can change the way they run to do better and go faster. In team sports like soccer or basketball, wearable technology gives different kinds of help. GPS trackers keep track of how far players run, how fast they go, and how many fast runs they make during a game. This information is very important for knowing how much work players do. If the data (数据) shows a player is very tired, the coach can decide to let them rest so that they don’t get hurt. It takes the guesswork out of training. However, using so much data in sports is not without its problems. Some people worry that using too many numbers can take the human part out of the game. Can a machine measure the heart of a champion or the feeling between teammates? Others worry about data privacy (隐私) Who owns all this information, and how is it being used? Even with these worries, it’s clear that data is here to stay. The challenge for the future of sports will be finding the right balance — using the power of technology to help athletes do their best, while still keeping the spirit and soul of the game alive. After all, the data can tell you how an athlete did, but it can’t tell you why they tried so hard. 11．According to the passage, how can wearable devices help a runner? A．By telling them how far the running track is. B．By comparing their speed with other runners. C．By telling them about the weather during the run. D．By watching their running form to help them run better. 12．What does the word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The uniform the player wears. B．The player’s top speed. C．The choice to let a player rest. D．The fast run. 13．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Data can tell us why an athlete tries so hard to win. B．The most important thing in sports is to get more data. C．Technology will take the place of human coaches in the future. D．We should use technology in a smart way and keep the spirit of sports. 14．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Wearable devices are only good for runners. B．Technology is making sports less fun to watch. C．Wearable technology is changing how athletes train and play. D．All sports players now use GPS trackers in every game. 15．Why might some people worry about the use of wearable technology? A．Because it might make the game less human and cause privacy worries. B．Because the devices cost too much for most athletes. C．Because coaches don’t know how to read the data. D．Because the data we get is often not right. 【答案】11．D 12．C 13．D 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了在体育运动中，运动员们是如何使用可穿戴设备来改变他们的训练和比赛方式。 【详解】11．根据第二段“They can watch an athlete's running form, measuring things like how long the foot stays on the ground and how much the body moves up and down”可知，可穿戴设备通过观看他们的跑步形式来帮助他们更好地跑步。 12．根据第三段“If the data shows a player is very tired, the coach can decide to let them rest so that they don't get hurt”可知，此处“it”指代的是让球员休息的选择。 13．根据最后一段“The challenge for the future of sports will be finding the right “balance—using the power of technology to help athletes do their best, while still keeping the spirit and soul of the game alive”可知，我们应该以一种明智的方式使用技术，保持体育精神。 14．根据第一段“To get that small but important edge, athletes and coaches are using a powerful helper: technology”可知，本文主要讲述了在体育运动中，运动员们是如何使用可穿戴设备来改变他们的训练和比赛方式，故选C。 15．根据第四段“Some people worry that using too many numbers can take the human part out of the game.”和“Others worry about data privacy (隐私) Who owns all this information”可知，因为它可能让比赛失去人情味并引发隐私担忧。 26·天津河北一模 For thousands of years, the mystery (奥秘) of how the pyramids were built in the huge Sahara Desert (沙漠) has left scientists scratching their heads (感到困惑), but now they think they’ve found the answer. A team of scientists from the University of North Carolina believe that 31 of the pyramids, including the famous Great Pyramid of Giza, were probably built along a part of the River Nile that has been lost for a long time. For years, scientists have thought that ancient Egyptians used a waterway nearby, but Eman Ghoneim, who led the study, says nobody was certain about the location of it. The team used special technology, historical maps and samples (样本) from the ground to find the hidden part of the River Nile under the sand. They believe this was used to transport (运输) heavy stones (石头) and tools to build the pyramids. But over time, sandstorms covered it and it dried up. This hidden part of the River Nile is called “Ahramat”, which means “pyramids” in the Arabic language. It’s thought it was about 39 miles long and between 200 and 700 metres wide. Before it got covered in sand, this river was next to the pyramids built between 4,700 and 3,700 years ago. The team says discovering this lost part of the river helps explain how there are so many pyramids in such a challenging (挑战性的) desert place. It’s like solving a big puzzle (不解之谜) from long ago! 11．What mystery do scientists think they’ve solved? A．How the pyramids were built in the desert. B．How many pyramids there were in Egypt. C．When the pyramids were discovered. D．Who built the pyramids. 12．What does the word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The huge desert. B．The waterway nearby. C．The special technology. D．The Great Pyramid of Giza. 13．What was the use of the hidden part of the River Nile? A．To keep the pyramids wet. B．To water fields near the pyramids. C．To provide drinking water for pyramid builders. D．To transport stones and tools to build the pyramids. 14．What does the name “Ahramat” mean? A．River. B．Desert. C．Pyramids. D．Sandstorms. 15．What does the writer mainly want to show us in the last paragraph? A．The importance of the discovery. B．Why ancient Egyptians were clever. C．The new development of technology. D．How difficult it was to build the pyramids. 【答案】11．A 12．B 13．D 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍科学家通过研究发现古埃及人曾利用消失的尼罗河支流运输材料建造金字塔，解开了沙漠建金字塔的谜团。 【详解】11．第一段指出：“the mystery of how the pyramids were built in the huge Sahara Desert has left scientists scratching their heads, but now they think they’ve found the answer.”，这说明科学家解开了金字塔如何在沙漠中建造的谜团。 12．第三段提到：“scientists have thought that ancient Egyptians used a waterway nearby, but Eman Ghoneim...says nobody was certain about the location of it.”，科学家们认为古埃及人在附近使用了一条水道，但埃曼·古奈姆说没有人确定它的位置，这里的“it”指代前文提到的附近的水道。 13．第四段说明：“They believe this was used to transport heavy stones and tools to build the pyramids.”，这条隐藏的尼罗河支流被用来运输建造金字塔的石头和工具。 14．第五段指出：“This hidden part of the River Nile is called ‘Ahramat’, which means ‘pyramids’ in the Arabic language.”，Ahramat在阿拉伯语中意为金字塔。 15．最后一段阐述：“discovering this lost part of the river helps explain how there are so many pyramids in such a challenging desert place.”，作者在本段表明这项发现的重要意义。 26·天津河东一模 Long ago, in ancient China, there was a story about the invention of silk. People believed that silk was first invented by Leizu, the wife of the Yellow Emperor. Leizu learned how to make cocoons (蚕茧) into soft and strong cloth. This magical cloth became known as “silk”, and it was so valuable that it was called “China’s Gold”. Following kings’ orders, the Chinese kept the secret of making silk for centuries. But then, something amazing happened! During the Han Dynasty, the brave officer Zhang Qian traveled west as far as Central Asia and brought silk there. As years passed by, silk became so important that the trade road from Europe to China got its name—the Silk Road. The Silk Road became a busy highway for traders who carried things across deserts and mountains. From China, people sold silk and tea. In return, they received treasures such as spices (香料), gold and silver from the West. At the very beginning, it was mainly about trade; then people began to share ideas, technologies and cultures. For example, Chinese inventions like papermaking were spread to the West, while new ideas about math and science came to China. Most importantly, the Silk Road helped different cultures learn from each other. Art, music and even language were shared along this ancient road. In places like the Dunhuang Grottoes (敦煌石窟) in China, you can see how art pieces combined (融合) Eastern and Western styles into something distinctive. It can not be seen anywhere else. The story of the Silk Road tells us how people from faraway lands could become friends through trade and shared ideas. Today, we remember the Silk Road as one of the greatest examples of cooperation and exchange in history. It shows us how important it is to learn about and respect each other’s traditions, and that different cultures can work together to create amazing things. 11．Who invented silk in ancient China? A．Leizu. B．The kings. C．Zhang Qian. D．The Yellow Emperor. 12．What was spread from China to the West according to paragraph 3? A．Silk and gold. B．Tea and papermaking. C．Spices and silver. D．New ideas of science. 13．What is the right order of the following facts from the passage? ① Zhang Qian traveled west with silk. ②Art and language were shared along the Silk Road. ③ Traders from China and the West exchanged things. ④The Chinese were ordered to keep the secret of making silk. A．①→④→③→② B．①→③→④→② C．④→①→③→② D．④→③→②→① 14．What does the underlined word “distinctive” mean in paragraph 4? A．Special. B．Public. C．Popular. D．Strong. 15．What does the story of the Silk Road mainly tell us? A．The change of world trade. B．The introduction of silk cloth. C．The influence of technology in history. D．The importance of cross-cultural communication. 【答案】11．A 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．D 【导语】本文介绍了丝绸之路的由来以及跨文化交流的重要性。 【详解】11．细节理解题。根据“People believed that silk was first invented by Leizu, the wife of the Yellow Emperor. ”可知丝绸是嫘祖‌发明的。故选A。 12．细节理解题。根据“From China, people sold silk and tea. In return, they received treasures such as spices, gold and silver from the West. ”和“For example, Chinese inventions like papermaking were spread to the West,”可知丝绸、茶叶和造纸从中国运到西方。故选B。 13．细节理解题。根据第一段“Following kings’ orders, the Chinese kept the secret of making silk for centuries.”可知丝绸制作方法一直是保密的，即④，直到后来“During the Han Dynasty, the brave officer Zhang Qian traveled west as far as Central Asia and brought silk there.”张骞把丝绸带去西方，即①，然后开始有丝绸之路。故选C。 14．词句猜测题。根据“you can see how art pieces combined Eastern and Western styles into something distinctive.”可知中西方文化融合会出来特殊的东西。故选A。 15．推理判断题。根据“The story of the Silk Road tells us how people from faraway lands could become friends through trade and shared ideas.”可知丝绸之路的故事告诉我们以前的人们会通过贸易和分享成为朋友，因此介绍了跨文化交流的重要性。故选D。 26·天津红桥一模 Unlike what you may imagine, taking good care of a plant can be difficult, especially when it comes to how to water a plant. Many people are not sure how often or how much they need to water their plants. Even some farmers may have the same problem. Luckily, a new technology called GrowStream can help them “talk” to their plants. GrowStream is a watering system. Its tubes (管子) have special tiny holes in them. When plants need water, they will release (分泌) chemicals (化学物质) through their roots. When the holes detect (察觉) these chemicals, they will open. The plants then get water from these holes. As the plants “drink” enough water, they stop releasing these chemicals. And that “tells” the holes to close back up and stop watering. This system can help save 45 to 50 percent more water than common watering systems. It was created by a company called RDI. The company has brought the GrowStream system to many farms in South Africa. It is also testing the system in the US. It will be used to make the city greener while saving more water. “GrowStream is more than just a technology,” said Jan Gould, CEO of RDI. “We want it to ‘talk’ to people, too. It ‘says’ two things: The earth’s natural resources (资源) are limited, and we should take better care of the planet through new technology.” 11．Why is it difficult to water a plant? A．Plants need too much water. B．Watering a plant takes too much time. C．It is hard to discover whether the plant needs water. D．Some farmers don’t teach you how to water a plant. 12．How does GrowStream make sure plants “drink” enough water? A．By providing water all the time. B．By putting water into the plants’ roots. C．By releasing chemicals to help the plants “drink” enough water. D．By detecting the amount of chemicals that the plants release. 13．What does the word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Plants. B．Holes. C．Chemicals. D．Tubes. 14．What is the main advantage of this new system? A．Cheap to buy. B．Easy to use. C．Saving water. D．Saving time. 15．What does Jan Gould mean by saying the words? A．The earth is heavily polluted. B．People can talk with GrowStream. C．New technology can help save natural resources. D．We have to find more natural resources. 【答案】11．C 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．C 【导语】本文介绍新型灌溉系统GrowStream可感知植物需水自动供水，节水环保，还倡导用科技保护地球资源。 【详解】11．第一段点明：“Many people are not sure how often or how much they need to water their plants.”，说明人们难以判断植物是否需要浇水，也就导致浇水这件事有难度。 12．第二段介绍：“When the holes detect these chemicals, they will open...As the plants ‘drink’ enough water, they stop releasing these chemicals.”，该系统通过检测植物分泌的化学物质多少来控制供水，保证植物喝足水分。 13．第二段描述：“As the plants ‘drink’ enough water, they stop releasing these chemicals.”，句中动作“停止分泌化学物质”的发出者是植物，“they”指代前文出现的“plants”。 14．第三段突出优势：“This system can help save 45 to 50 percent more water than common watering systems.”，能比普通灌溉系统节省大量水资源，核心优点就是节水。 15．第四段引用：“we should take better care of the planet through new technology.”，意在说明新技术能够帮助节约地球自然资源、守护地球。 26·天津南开一模 Yang Chen-Ning, a physicist and Nobel Prize winner, died in Beijing on Oct 18, 2025 at the age of 103, China Daily said. He was a professor (教授) at Tsinghua University and a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. In 1957, Yang and his friend Tsung-Dao Lee (李政道) won the Nobel Prize in physics. They discovered parity non-conservation in weak interactions (弱相互作用中宇称不守恒). This finding changed how people understood symmetry (对称性) in nature. Physics shows beauty through symmetry, while life is often full of complexity (复杂性). Yang’s life showed this truth. When he was 35, Yang became the first Chinese to win the Nobel Prize. However, during the Cold War, Yang was far away from China and could not even receive the tea his father sent him. He lived between two cultures—he was “an Eastern scientist in the West” and “a Western representative (代表) of the East”. In 1971, when the US allowed travel to China again, Yang was one of the first Chinese-American (美籍华裔) scientists to return, Xinhua reported. For years, he traveled between the two countries, giving lectures and writing to introduce China to the world. In 2003, Yang moved back to Beijing and taught physics at Tsinghua University at the age of 81. He started from basic ideas like time and light speed. Yang didn’t use PowerPoint and graded homework by hand. He also helped build a world-class research center at Tsinghua. In 2015, Yang gave up his US citizenship (公民身份). He then became a Chinese member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2017. He called his home “Gui Gen Ju (归根居)”, showing that his life had come full circle. 11．When was Yang Chen-Ning born? A．In 1922. B．In 1935. C．In 1971. D．In 2025. 12．In 1957, Yang Chen-Ning and his friend Tsung-Dao Lee won ________. A．the Nobel Prize in Economics B．the Nobel Prize in Physics C．the Nobel Prize in Chemistry D．the Nobel Peace Prize 13．What did Yang NOT do after moving back to Beijing in 2003? A．Teach physics at Tsinghua University. B．Start lessons from basic physics ideas. C．Use PowerPoint to give lessons. D．Help build a world-class research center. 14．According to the passage, what does the underlined sentence “his life had come full circle” probably mean? A．Yang had become very successful. B．Yang had experienced great difficulties. C．Yang’s finding had changed people’s idea. D．Yang had returned to his motherland, China. 15．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．Yang cared little about his motherland. B．Yang had deep love for China all the time. C．Yang was afraid of going back to China. D．Yang became famous after returning to China. 【答案】11．A 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍物理学家杨振宁的生平事迹与成就。 【详解】11．根据第1段中的“Yang Chen-Ning, a physicist and Nobel Prize winner, died in Beijing on Oct 18, 2025 at the age of 103, China Daily said. He was a professor (教授) at Tsinghua University and a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.”可知，2025年杨振宁去世时103岁，他应该是1922年出生。 12．根据第2段中的“In 1957, Yang and his friend Tsung-Dao Lee (李政道) won the Nobel Prize in Physics.”可知，1957年，杨振宁和他的朋友李政道获得了诺贝尔物理学奖。 13．根据第6段中的“In 2003, Yang moved back to Beijing and taught physics at Tsinghua University at the age of 81. He started from basic ideas like time and light speed. Yang didn’t use PowerPoint and graded homework by hand. He also helped build a world-class research center at Tsinghua.”可知，杨振宁没有使用PowerPoint，而是手工批改作业。 14．根据最后1段“In 2015, Yang gave up his US citizenship (公民身份). He then became a Chinese member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2017. He called his home “Gui Gen Ju (归根居)”, showing that his life had come full circle.”并结合前文他的学术成就、归国贡献与身份转变，可知“his life had come full circle”指他回到了祖国的怀抱。 15．根据第5段中的“For years, he traveled between the two countries, giving lectures and writing to introduce China to the world.”以及第6段、第7段他归国任教、放弃美国国籍的行为，能看出他始终深爱祖国。 26·天津和平二模 In Luleå, a city in northern Sweden (瑞典), people are asked to say “hello” to each other more often. The new campaign (活动) is called Säg hej!, meaning “say hello”. It is a simple way to connect people, but a very big step for the city. Swedish culture values privacy (隐私) and interpersonal distance (人际距离) so much that it has caused loneliness especially in Luleå where the sun only shines around three hours a day in the winter months. People usually like to stay warm at home alone. While most people believe that loneliness is the commonest among the elderly who usually live alone, the opposite is true. It is actually rising in young people and it has a bad influence on their mental (精神的) and physical health. A study about Luleå found that 45% of people aged 16—29 were experiencing problems because of loneliness. Asa Koski, who works for the city, came up with the idea of the Säg hej! campaign. “The city is developing fast and more people are coming. We don’t just want Luleå to grow to be a big city. We also want it to be a safe, friendly and happy place where there’s culture, relaxing activities, and sports,” Koski said. “Greeting people makes them feel like they belong. Research shows that it has a good effect on health and makes people want to help each other. If you say hi to your neighbors, you are more likely to help them,” Koski said. The activity is now being encouraged on buses and in schools. There are even workshops on how to greet one another. Many people agree that saying hello should be encouraged and believe that the more international the city becomes, the friendlier people will become. “It’s really good that people say hello to each other,” 61-year-old Pontus Wikström, said. “It means that people who meet without knowing each other become a little bit happier.” 11．What do we know about the people in Luleå? A．The elderly are the loneliest. B．Many young people live alone. C．The cold weather makes them lonelier. D．They keep a distance when talking to each other. 12．Koski started the campaign of Säg hej! to ________. A．encourage people to stay healthy B．invite people to travel around Luleå C．let more people know about the city D．create a better environment for people 13．Which group has the most serious loneliness problem in Luleå? A．The elderly living alone. B．Old people with families. C．Young people aged 16 - 29. D．Workers in the city. 14．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Greeting people. B．Helping each other. C．Living in the city. D．Taking part in activities. 15．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．Loneliness among the Swedish elderly B．A new campaign brings people together C．Ways to improve body health D．City development in modern Sweden 【答案】11．C 12．D 13．C 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文介绍了瑞典北部城市卢勒奥发起的“Säg hej!”（打招呼）活动。当地文化重视隐私与人际距离，加上冬季日照极短，孤独问题在年轻人中尤为突出，因此城市发起这项活动，鼓励人们互相问候，改善人际氛围，缓解孤独感。 【详解】11．根据“People usually like to stay warm at home alone.”可知，冬天的极夜和寒冷让人们倾向于独自待在家里，进而加剧了社交孤立与孤独（loneliness）。C选项是对原文环境描写与心理结果的合理因果推论。A. The elderly are the loneliest.（老年人最孤独）—— 与原文相反。第二段明确说 “the opposite is true”（相反的是真的，年轻人反而更严重）。B. Many young people live alone.（许多年轻人独自居住）—— 偷换概念。原文说老年人通常独自居住（who usually live alone），年轻人是孤独感在上升，没说年轻人独自居住。D. They keep a distance when talking to each other.（他们说话时保持距离）—— 曲解文意。原文第一句指他们重视人际距离（interpersonal distance），是一种社会文化心理，而不是物理上说话时要隔很远。 12．根据Koski的话“We also want it to be a safe, friendly and happy place where there’s culture, relaxing activities, and sports”可知，她发起活动的目的是让卢勒奥成为一个安全、友好、快乐的地方，即为人们创造更好的生活环境，因此D选项正确。A选项“鼓励人们保持健康”、B选项“邀请人们游览卢勒奥”、C选项“让更多人了解这座城市” 均不是活动的初衷。 13．根据“A study about Luleå found that 45% of people aged 16—29 were experiencing problems because of loneliness”可知，16—29岁的年轻人中，有45%正受孤独问题困扰，这是文中明确提到的最高比例，因此他们的孤独问题最严重，C选项正确。A选项“独居的老年人”与文中“孤独问题在年轻人中上升”矛盾；B选项“有家庭的老人”、D选项“城市工人”文中未提及相关数据。 14．根据上下文“Greeting people makes them feel like they belong. Research shows that it has a good effect on health and makes people want to help each other.”可知，it指代前一句提到的“Greeting people（问候他人）”，研究表明问候他人对健康有积极影响，因此A选项正确。B选项“互相帮助”、C选项“住在城市里”、D选项“参加活动”均不符合上下文逻辑。 15．通读全文可知，文章围绕卢勒奥市发起的“Säg hej!”活动展开，介绍了活动背景、目的和积极影响，核心是“通过新活动拉近人际距离、缓解孤独”，因此B选项“一场新活动将人们凝聚在一起”最能概括全文主旨。A选项“瑞典老年人的孤独问题”片面；C选项“改善身体健康的方法”偏离主题；D选项“现代瑞典的城市发展”范围过大。 26·天津红桥二模 We have many ways to get close to nature, such as dancing in the rain, stepping on fallen leaves or digging in the soil, but my favourite is walking barefoot (赤脚). Walking barefoot can be enjoyable and helpful. It can help us sleep better and feel rested in mind and body. It can also build our foot muscles (肌肉) and improve our balance. According to Traditional Chinese Medicine, walking barefoot can be good for our health. When you want to try walking barefoot, there’s no need to hurry. At first, walking barefoot for 10 minutes can be fine. After that, add 5 minutes every day until you can walk for 20 to 30 minutes. If your feet hurt, take a break or curtail the time. Walking barefoot, however, isn’t always safe. People with health problems like flat feet or back pain should avoid this practice. What’s more, walking barefoot in cold or wet environments might cause health problems. To make walking barefoot safe, remember the following points: ※ Choose safe places, like soft grass or warm sand. ※ Stay away from things like rocks or broken glass. ※ Keep shoes at hand if you worry that your feet will get too sore. ※ Listen to your body—stop if you feel pain or discomfort. Walking barefoot is a great way to feel connected with nature, but it’s important to stay safe and consider your own health condition. 11．Which of the following is the writer’s favourite way to get close to nature? A．Dancing in the rain. B．Stepping on fallen leaves. C．Digging in the soil. D．Walking without shoes on. 12．What does the word “curtail” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Tell. B．Make. C．Reduce. D．Value. 13．According to the text, remember to ________ when you are walking barefoot. A．try a cold surface B．find a safe place C．practise on hard rocks D．walk in wet environments 14．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4? A．The advantages of walking barefoot for people’s health. B．The possible risks of walking barefoot and safety tips. C．The correct steps to start practising walking barefoot. D．The best time and places for people to walk barefoot. 15．What is the text mainly about? A．The effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine. B．The suggestions on outdoor activities. C．The information about walking barefoot. D．The introduction to health problems. 【答案】11．D 12．C 13．B 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文主要介绍的是关于赤脚走路的信息。 【详解】11．根据第一段“We have many ways to get close to nature, such as dancing in the rain, stepping on fallen leaves or digging in the soil, but my favourite is walking barefoot (赤脚).”可知作者最喜欢的亲近自然的方式是赤脚走路，即不穿鞋走路。 12．根据第三段“If your feet hurt, take a break or curtail the time.”可知当脚疼的时候，要么休息要么缩短时间，curtail意思是“减少，缩短”，与C选项“Reduce”意思相符。 13．根据文中“Choose safe places, like soft grass or warm sand.”以及“Stay away from things like rocks or broken glass.”等安全提示可知，赤脚走路要找安全的地方。 14．第四段先是提到赤脚走路并不总是安全的，有健康问题的人应避免，在寒冷或潮湿环境中行走可能导致健康问题，接着给出了一些安全提示，所以这一段主要讲的是赤脚走路可能存在的风险和安全提示。 15．文章开篇指出最喜欢的亲近自然的方式是赤脚走路，接着介绍了赤脚走路的好处、开始练习的方法、存在的风险以及安全提示等，整体围绕赤脚走路展开，C选项“The information about walking barefoot.”符合。 26·天津南开二模 This year marks the 41st anniversary of the milu’s return to China. For many years, the animal was known as “Pere David’s deer” because the French missionary Pere David discovered it in Beijing in 1865 and introduced it to Europe. The milu is also called “sibuxiang” (四不像) in Chinese because of its special appearance—a horse-like face, a donkey-like tail, cow-like hooves (蹄子) and stag-like antlers (雄鹿一样的角). Meng Qinghui, a researcher at the Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center, pointed out that the Chinese character “mi” appeared as early as in China’s oracle bone scripts (甲骨文). However, the population of the milu in China gradually decreased because of climate change and human activities. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, there were only a few hundred left. They were kept in the royal hunting ground (皇家狩猎场) in Beijing. In 1900, the Eight Nation Alliance invaded (入侵) Beijing, killing and taking away the remaining milu. As a result, the milu became extinct (灭绝的) in China. In 1985, China and the UK signed an agreement to bring 22 milu back to Beijing. This started a successful effort to increase their numbers in China. Since then, the milu population has grown rapidly, with over 15,000 now spread across the country. “The change in the name of milu not only shows the recognition of China’s efforts to protect the animal, but also lets the world know its origin (起源) and history,” Hu Jining, head of the exhibition department of the Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center, told the reporter. 11．________ years ago, Pere David discovered the milu in Beijing. A．22 B．40 C．161 D．1,865 12．Why is the milu called “sibuxiang” in Chinese? A．Because it went to different countries. B．Because it looks like four different animals. C．Because it was kept in the royal hunting ground. D．Because it was brought back from the UK in 1985. 13．The milu became extinct in China in 1900 because ________. A．it was hunted by people for many years B．the French missionary Pere David introduced it to Europe C．the climate changed a lot during the Ming and Qing dynasties D．the Eight Nation Alliance invaded Beijing, killing and taking away the remaining milu 14．Now, how many milu are there in China? A．About 1985. B．Over 15,000. C．No more than 1,000. D．Only a few hundred. 15．In the last paragraph, what can we infer (推断) from Hu Jining’s words? A．The milu comes from China. B．The milu does not live in China. C．China isn’t trying to protect the milu. D．The milu was spread across the world. 【答案】11．C 12．B 13．D 14．B 15．A 【导语】本文介绍了麋鹿（四不像）在中国被发现、灭绝、重新引进及种群恢复的历史。 【详解】11．第一段指出：“Pere David discovered it in Beijing in 1865”，至今（2026年）约161年。 12．第二段指出：“a horse-like face, a donkey-like tail, cow-like hooves and stag-like antlers”，说明它像四种不同的动物。 13．第三段指出：“In 1900, the Eight Nation Alliance invaded Beijing, killing and taking away the remaining milu. As a result, the milu became extinct in China.”，说明八国联军入侵导致麋鹿在中国灭绝。 14．第四段指出：“with over 15,000 now spread across the country”，说明现在中国有超过15,000只麋鹿。 15．最后一段胡冀宁说：“The change in the name of milu not only shows the recognition of China’s efforts to protect the animal, but also lets the world know its origin and history.”，说明麋鹿的名字变化让世界知道它的起源和历史。结合前文麋鹿曾被法国传教士发现并引入欧洲，且一度在中国灭绝，如今种群恢复，因此可以推断麋鹿起源于中国。 26·天津滨海二模 2025 was one of the warmest years in global (全球的) weather history, and the polar regions (极地) are getting hotter than ever before, according to China’s National Climate Center. Can you believe it? The Arctic (北极) and Antarctic (南极) are losing their ice homes quickly, and this is not just a faraway problem. Polar bears can’t find enough ice to hunt on, and cute penguins are losing their living places. The rising temperature is a big red flag for our whole planet, and we can’t ignore (忽视) it anymore. But don’t worry—we teenagers can make a difference! We can start with small things in daily life: turn off lights and computers when we don’t use them, ride bikes or take buses instead of cars, and plant trees with our families. We can also tell our friends and relatives about the polar warming problem, so more people join in the action. The poles are far away, but our love and efforts can reach them. Let’s work together to cool down our Earth and protect the lovely polar animals! Why is this happening? The main reason is human activity. We burn too much coal and oil for energy, which sends greenhouse gases into the air. These gases trap (锁住) heat like a thick blanket (毛毯) around the Earth, making it warmer and warmer. Cutting down too many trees also makes things worse, because trees can take in the harmful gases and cool the planet. Every small choice we make, like leaving the lights on or using plastic bags, adds up to this big problem. 11．What do we know about 2025 from the passage? A．It was the coldest year in history. B．Ice in polar regions is increasing. C．It was one of the warmest years on record. D．Polar regions are getting colder and colder. 12．What can teenagers do to help the planet? A．Use more plastic bags. B．Turn off lights when not using them. C．Cut down a lot of old trees. D．Burn too much coal and oil. 13．How do greenhouse gases make the Earth warmer? A．They trap heat like a thick blanket. B．They use too much energy. C．They produce more plastic bags. D．They cut down a lot of trees. 14．Why is cutting down trees harmful to the planet? A．Trees make harmful air and heat. B．Trees drink too much water every day. C．Trees take up land people need. D．Trees take in bad gases and cool the Earth. 15．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To teach people about trips to the poles. B．To tell how people make coal and oil today. C．To ask people to stop the Earth from getting hot. D．To show people some animals in the North and South. 11．C 12．B 13．A 14．D 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇环保说明文，指出2025年是全球最温暖的年份之一，极地地区升温导致北极熊和企鹅失去栖息地，分析了人类活动（燃烧化石燃料、砍伐森林）是主要原因。 【详解】11．第一段第一句明确指出：“2025 was one of the warmest years in global weather history.” 说明2025年是有记录以来最温暖的年份之一。 12．第二段明确指出：“We can start with small things in daily life: turn off lights and computers when we don’t use them...” 说明青少年可以通过关掉不用的灯和电脑来帮助地球。 13．第三段明确指出：“These gases trap heat like a thick blanket around the Earth, making it warmer and warmer.” 说明温室气体像厚毯子一样锁住热量，使地球变暖。 14．第三段明确指出：“Cutting down too many trees also makes things worse, because trees can take in the harmful gases and cool the planet.” 说明砍伐树木有害是因为树木可以吸收有害气体并冷却地球。 15．全文围绕极地变暖问题展开，分析了原因并呼吁青少年采取行动，因此文章的主要目的是呼吁人们阻止地球变暖。 26·天津河北二模 Cucumbers (黄瓜) are not just great in salads (沙拉). Some people put them in sandwiches, some like turning them into juice, and others even put them on their faces for skincare (护肤). With all these great uses, it’s hard to believe cucumbers aren’t for everyone—you might have heard cats are afraid of them. Why is that? We decided to look into it and watched some videos online. In these videos, many cats seem truly afraid of cucumbers. The videos usually show a person putting a cucumber behind cats while they are busy eating or playing. When the cats turn around and see the cucumber, their reaction (反应) can be hilarious! Some cats jump high in the air and run away like their tails are on fire. Others look at the cucumber with wide eyes as if it might jump at them. While a few cats don’t show fear (恐惧), most seem pretty cautious (谨慎的). So, what’s happening here? One thought is that cats might mistake cucumbers for snakes. To a cat, a cucumber can be a big surprise. If they see something long and green, they might think it’s dangerous. Another idea is that cats are afraid of the unknown. When something suddenly appears behind them, they might react the same way—whether it’s a cucumber, a shopping bag, or even a toy spider! While it might sound funny to surprise cats with cucumbers, experts say this isn’t a good idea. It’s not nice to make animals feel afraid. So, the next time you see a cucumber, remember that it’s best to keep it for salads and sandwiches—not as a way to surprise your pets. Just like people, your animal friends have their fears! 11．What does the word “that” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．Some people like cucumber juice. B．Cats are afraid of cucumbers. C．Cucumbers have many great uses. D．People use cucumbers for skincare. 12．What does the word “hilarious” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Funny. B．Comfortable. C．Boring. D．Sad. 13．Why do most cats feel afraid of cucumbers? ① Cucumbers look like snakes.     ② Cats dislike fresh vegetables. ③ Cucumbers smell bad for cats.     ④ Cats fear sudden strange things. A．①③ B．②④ C．②③ D．①④ 14．Which of the following may the writer agree with according to the last paragraph? A．Cats have fears. B．Animals need surprises. C．People should eat salads. D．It is nice to play with cats. 15．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To advise people to have cucumbers. B．To show people’s need for healthy eating. C．To ask people to get along with all animals. D．To tell about a funny and strange act of cats. 【答案】11．B 12．A 13．D 14．A 15．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了黄瓜的多种用途，并重点探讨了为什么猫会害怕黄瓜这一有趣的现象（可能是因为黄瓜像蛇，也可能是因为猫害怕突然出现的陌生物体），最后专家建议不要用黄瓜惊吓宠物，要尊重动物的恐惧。 【详解】11．第一段最后一句“With all these great uses, it’s hard to believe cucumbers aren’t for everyone—you might have heard cats are afraid of them. Why is that?”（有了这些用途，很难相信黄瓜不是每个人都喜欢的——你可能听说过猫害怕它们。为什么会那样呢？），这里的“that”指代前文提到的“cats are afraid of them”（猫害怕黄瓜）这一现象。 12．第二段描述猫看到黄瓜后的反应：“Some cats jump high in the air and run away like their tails are on fire.”（有些猫跳得很高，像尾巴着火一样跑开），这种夸张的反应通常是非常滑稽、好笑的，所以“hilarious”意为“极其滑稽的、好笑的”，对应选项Funny。 13．第三段“One thought is that cats might mistake cucumbers for snakes.”（一种想法是猫可能把黄瓜误认为是蛇。）——对应①。“Another idea is that cats are afraid of the unknown. When something suddenly appears behind them...”（另一种想法是猫害怕未知。当有东西突然出现在它们身后时……）——对应④（Cats fear sudden strange things）。文中并未提到猫讨厌新鲜蔬菜（②）或黄瓜对猫来说有难闻的气味（③）。 14．最后一段最后一句“Just like people, your animal friends have their fears!”（就像人一样，你的动物朋友也有它们的恐惧！），这直接表明作者同意“Cats have fears”这一观点。 15．文章前半部分详细描述了猫看到黄瓜时滑稽的反应（funny），后半部分分析了原因并给出了建议。虽然最后有建议，但整篇文章的核心是围绕“猫怕黄瓜”这个有趣且奇怪的现象展开的。D项最贴切。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读理解C之应用文/说明文 5年真题1年模拟·原卷版 年份 考题内容（2022-2026） 命题规律 2026年 本文介绍科学家研发企鹅外形机器人，因帝企鹅生性胆小，普通靠近会刺激它们，这款机器人能近距离观察帝企鹅行为，企鹅甚至主动对它鸣叫，未来机器人还将加装发声功能。 1.语篇选材——联系生活，关注热点。 2.考点设置——均匀分布，层层递进。 3.选项设计——干扰有据，陷阱分明。 4.能力导向——素养立意，思维为重。 2025年 本文主要介绍了三位年轻人的职业及其工作内容、特点和感受。 2024年 本文主要就互联网安全，介绍几位互联网用户的经历。 2023年 本文主要介绍了早期动物园以及如今的动物园的作用，但是我们还需做更多的事情来保护所爱的动物。 2022年 本文主要介绍了茶和咖啡的不同文化。 26·天津中考真题 Scientists are creating robots that can be used in many different areas of life. Recently a new kind of robot which looks like a penguin has been developed. The penguin robot helps scientists get closer to emperor penguins (帝企鹅) to know more about their behaviour (行为). Emperor penguins are famous as shy animals. They usually feel nervous and run away when scientists go towards them. This will cause problems to their hearts. To solve it, a team of scientists created a remote control vehicle (遥控车). This vehicle allowed the scientists to study the penguins from over 200 metres away. It could move up to the penguins slowly and quietly without making them run away. It was also used to help make the documentary (纪录片) March of the Penguins. The scientists still wanted to watch emperor penguins much closer. After trying many times, they developed their latest robot which was like a little grey penguin. It had four black wheels, two black arms and a black-and-white painted face. The wheels were prepared for the robot to walk on the thick snow easily. This new robot didn’t scare (惊吓) the penguins. They even sang songs to welcome the robot and listened for a response. But the penguins were very unhappy when there was no answer. The scientists didn’t programme (编写程序) the penguin robot to make a sound. Next time they will have the robot sing songs. Thanks to the robots, scientists could do much more research on emperor penguins. 11．Why was the penguin robot developed? A．To know about scientists’ heart problems. B．To help scientists walk on the thick snow. C．To learn about emperor penguins’ behaviour. D．To help emperor penguins look for more food. 12．How do emperor penguins feel when scientists go towards them? A．Sad. B．Angry. C．Excited. D．Nervous. 13．What does the word “response” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Plan. B．Answer. C．Lesson. D．Reason. 14．What will the penguin robot do next time according to the passage? A．Sing songs. B．Swim in the sea. C．Take photos. D．Dance on the snow. 15．What is the passage mainly about? A．Penguins in the film. B．Penguins in the zoo. C．Robots for daily housework. D．Robots for studying penguins. 25·天津中考真题 There are many kinds of work. People do different things in their work. We talked to three young people about their careers (职业). Read about them. Jane, 22: I’m a travel agent (代理人). I plan vacations for different kinds of people. I need to buy plane tickets, book hotel rooms and make travel plans. I pay attention to the needs of my customers and help solve their travel problems. I really like the working hours from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm every day. And I can buy plane tickets at very low prices. Grace, 24: I sell electronics (电子产品) in a store. I help people make decisions about choosing and buying electronics. I need to know clearly about the information of each product in our store. I’m a fan of technology, so I think it’s always interesting to learn about new electronics. Sometimes I have to work late at night, but I still enjoy my work. And they pay me very well. Mike, 25: I’m a website designer (设计师). I make websites for different companies. To make a website for a company, I learn about the company and its needs first. I write down some ideas. After that, I talk to people at the company again to improve my design. Then I complete the website. I like to create new things. I feel so happy when I see the results of my work. Also, I work on my computer at home. This means I can decide my own working hours and have more time with my family. 36. What does Jane do for different kinds of people? A. She repairs computers. B. She plans vacations. C. She writes books. D. She does housework 37. What is always interesting for Grace? A. To work very late at night. B. To learn about new electronics C. To have more time with her family. D. To help people solve travel problems. 38. What is the right order for Mike to make a website for a company? a. Write down some ideas           b. Finish making the website. c. Learn about the company and its needs.      d. Communicate with people at the company again. A. a-b-c-d B. a-c-d-b C. c-b-a-d D. c-a-d-b 39. We can learn from the passage that the three young people all ________. A. sell electronics B. make little money C. enjoy their work D. create new technology 40. This passage mainly helps people ________. A. decide their working hours B. learn about different work C. find a company to work for D. become fans of technology 24·天津中考真题 The Internet is often used to buy and sell products, pay bills, and communicate with people. But how safe is it when you use the Internet? Our magazine Interactions asked some Internet users about their experiences. Linda, 29, nurse: I pay all my bills online. One day, I received an email from my bank. It told me that someone was trying to take out money from my account (账号), so I should email my password (密码) to the “bank manager”. I felt something was wrong, so I called my bank and asked about the email. The bank said they never sent it. I realised that someone tried to cheat (欺骗) me of my money. I’ll continue paying my bills this way, but I’ll be more careful. Emily, 22, office worker: I was at work, and I sent an email to a friend of mine. I was telling her about my problems with Mark, the manager. A few minutes later, a friend of Mark’s came over to my desk. He said, “So you think Mark is too strict?” My face was red. I chose the wrong name on my address list. It was my own fault, so I’ll look over my emails more carefully before I click “Send” next time. Thomas, 21, university student: I love the Internet! I look up lots of information online. I often buy things on the websites—furniture, clothes, CDs, even foods. I have also sold some of my things on the Internet. I only use the websites I trust and I’ve never had a safety problem. 36. Where is the passage taken from? A. A diary. B. A novel. C. A magazine. D. A history book. 37. Linda probably got the email from a person who ________. A. refused to lend money to her B. asked about her experiences C. sold things to her on the websites D. tried to cheat her of her money 38. The word “fault” in Paragraph 3 means “________”. A. project B. mistake C. advantage D. plan 39. Who shared enjoyable experiences according to the passage? A. Linda. B. Emily. C. Mark. D. Thomas. 40. What is the best title of the passage? A. The Internet: How Safe Is It? B. The Bank: How Useful Is It? C. The Website: How Cheap Is It? D. The Magazine: How Amazing Is It? 23·天津中考真题 Most people love animals. Many children’s books use animals as the main characters. Many people look after animals as pets. The love for animals may be why both children and adults (成年人) enjoy going to zoos. In the past, zoos were usually started by rich people. The first zoo was started by a queen in Egypt in 1500 BC. Raising animals was a way for people to show they were wealthy and powerful. Sadly, the animals in the early zoos were not treated well. They didn’t receive enough attention or care. Today, zoos still bring people pleasure, but they try to protect animals and teach people as well. Zoos must follow rules. People must provide animals with a clean place to live, food and water, and health care. In this way, the rules help protect the animals. Some people think the rules are not enough. They want to do more to protect the animals they love. For example, people disapproved of the use of some large animals in shows. They thought the zoos didn’t have enough space for the animals to show. They also thought the animals were not treated properly. With so many people against the shows, the zoos decided to make a change. People see animals in zoos. At the same time, they try to learn about and protect them. Both people and animals can get a lot from each other. 36. Who started the first zoo? A. A queen in Egypt. B. A king in Egypt. C. A queen in England. D. A king in England. 37. How does the writer feel about the animals in the early zoos? A. He doesn’t care about them. B. He feels sad for them. C. He is proud of them. D. He is afraid of them. 38. According to the passage, zoos today must ________. A. train people for shows B. help look after family pets C. provide health care for tourists D. follow the rules to protect animals 39. The phrase “disapproved of” in Paragraph 4 means “________”. A. wrote about B. depended on C. were against D. were good at 40. What is the passage mainly about? A. Large animals in shows. B. Famous zoos around the world. C. Animals in the wild. D. Zoos in the past and today. 22·天津中考真题 Tea and coffee are two of the most popular drinks in the world. However, people usually like one more than the other. These drinks also have very different uses. Tea drinking started in China over 4,000 years ago. Tea is made from leaves. These days, some people drink tea for health, using it to help with stress(压力) or losing weight. However, most people in tea-drinking countries think of tea as more than just a healthy drink. In fact, tea drinking in some countries is a part of the culture. In Turkey(土耳其), tea is always there when people meet. Whether in someone’s home or a company, tea is always offered as a way of welcoming. In the UK, homes and offices usually have tea time. Tea and other dishes are served at tea time in the afternoon. It is a way of relaxing with friends or co-workers(同事). Coffee came much later than tea, just over 1,000 years ago. Coffee is made from beans. Something in the coffee beans makes a person feel active. Most people do not drink coffee to relax. Instead, they drink coffee to get going. Many people drink coffee in the morning to help them wake up. Others will also drink coffee during short breaks in the afternoon to keep going through the working day. Some people may visit coffee shops just to meet and talk with friends. However, many people in coffee shops drink coffee while working on their computers. Is tea or coffee more common in your country? Between the two, which do you like to drink more? 36. Where did tea drinking start? A. In Japan. B. In China. C. In Turkey. D. In the UK. 37. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that people in the UK ________. A. drink tea to get fat B. offer tea to say goodbye C. think of tea as a bad drink D. have tea to relax themselves 38. What is coffee made from? A. Leaves. B. Sugar. C. Dishes. D. Beans. 39. Which of the following is NOT true according to Paragraph 3? A. Coffee came much earlier than tea. B. Many people drink coffee to wake up. C. Many people work on their computers in coffee shops. D. Some people meet and talk with friends in coffee shops. 40. What is the best title of the passage? A. The Smells of Tea and Coffee B. The Prices of Tea and Coffee C. The Different Cultures of Tea and Coffee D. The Different Ways of Making Tea and Coffee 26·天津和平一模 The Colorado River is one of the most important rivers in the United States. It’s about 2,334 kilometers long. It starts in the central Rocky Mountains of Colorado and goes southwest into the ocean in Mexico (墨西哥). The river is called “the lifeline for the Southwest” in America. It runs through seven states in the US and provides fresh drinking water for over 40 million people. Farms, factories and tourism also greatly depend on it. Many dams (大坝) have been built to help save water and make electricity for cities. However, the water in the Colorado River almost gets used up during its journey. Because of a warming climate, there is much less snow in the mountains and less water runs into the river. The Southwest has been going through its worst drought (干旱) these years. Though the water in the river has become less, the need for it even has risen. Over the past twenty years, the river has lost about 20 percent of its flow (流量) and there has been very little water running into Mexico. In the face of such a great challenge, the seven states that depend on the river for water have decided to cut about 25% of their use of water. But it seems to be a difficult task. In fact, since 1922, an agreement called the Colorado River Compact has governed (管理) how the seven states share the water in the river. However, the agreement just works in times of plenty but fails to play a role under drought. Now it’s very clear that efforts are far from enough. Actually, not only the Colorado River, but also many other rivers around the world are in danger of being used up. Their water levels are going down. So it’s time for every one of us to step up and do our part to stop rivers from disappearing. 11．Where does the Colorado River start? A．In the sea near Mexico. B．In the central Rocky Mountains. C．In the seven American states. D．In some big farms. 12．The Colorado River is called “the lifeline for the Southwest” mainly because ________. A．it is the longest river in the US B．it helps build many tall dams C．it brings lots of heavy snow D．it supports many people and activities 13．What is the main cause of the river’s water becoming less? A．Mexico uses too much water. B．People build too many factories. C．The climate is getting warmer. D．There is too much tourism. 14．What can we learn about the Colorado River Compact? A．It was signed 20 years ago. B．It works well during dry years. C．It is not enough in a serious drought. D．It stops people from using the river. 15．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How people use the Colorado River for electricity and farming. B．The Colorado River is disappearing and we should protect it. C．Why the American states share the water of the Colorado River. D．Many rivers around the world are long and important. 26·天津滨海一模 In the world of sports, the difference between winning gold and going home with nothing can be very small — a tiny moment or a short distance. To get that small but important edge, athletes and coaches are using a powerful helper: technology. Among the most exciting new inventions are wearable devices (可穿戴设备). These small, smart sensors (传感器), which can be worn on a wrist (手腕), chest, or even put into clothing, are like having a personal scientist on your team. Take running, for example. A simple smartwatch can tell how far you run, your heart rate, and your speed. But more advanced wearables can do much more. They can watch an athlete’s running form, measuring things like how long the foot stays on the ground and how much the body moves up and down. This information helps coaches find problems. If a runner is wasting energy by moving up and down too much, they can change the way they run to do better and go faster. In team sports like soccer or basketball, wearable technology gives different kinds of help. GPS trackers keep track of how far players run, how fast they go, and how many fast runs they make during a game. This information is very important for knowing how much work players do. If the data (数据) shows a player is very tired, the coach can decide to let them rest so that they don’t get hurt. It takes the guesswork out of training. However, using so much data in sports is not without its problems. Some people worry that using too many numbers can take the human part out of the game. Can a machine measure the heart of a champion or the feeling between teammates? Others worry about data privacy (隐私) Who owns all this information, and how is it being used? Even with these worries, it’s clear that data is here to stay. The challenge for the future of sports will be finding the right balance — using the power of technology to help athletes do their best, while still keeping the spirit and soul of the game alive. After all, the data can tell you how an athlete did, but it can’t tell you why they tried so hard. 11．According to the passage, how can wearable devices help a runner? A．By telling them how far the running track is. B．By comparing their speed with other runners. C．By telling them about the weather during the run. D．By watching their running form to help them run better. 12．What does the word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The uniform the player wears. B．The player’s top speed. C．The choice to let a player rest. D．The fast run. 13．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Data can tell us why an athlete tries so hard to win. B．The most important thing in sports is to get more data. C．Technology will take the place of human coaches in the future. D．We should use technology in a smart way and keep the spirit of sports. 14．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Wearable devices are only good for runners. B．Technology is making sports less fun to watch. C．Wearable technology is changing how athletes train and play. D．All sports players now use GPS trackers in every game. 15．Why might some people worry about the use of wearable technology? A．Because it might make the game less human and cause privacy worries. B．Because the devices cost too much for most athletes. C．Because coaches don’t know how to read the data. D．Because the data we get is often not right. 26·天津河北一模 For thousands of years, the mystery (奥秘) of how the pyramids were built in the huge Sahara Desert (沙漠) has left scientists scratching their heads (感到困惑), but now they think they’ve found the answer. A team of scientists from the University of North Carolina believe that 31 of the pyramids, including the famous Great Pyramid of Giza, were probably built along a part of the River Nile that has been lost for a long time. For years, scientists have thought that ancient Egyptians used a waterway nearby, but Eman Ghoneim, who led the study, says nobody was certain about the location of it. The team used special technology, historical maps and samples (样本) from the ground to find the hidden part of the River Nile under the sand. They believe this was used to transport (运输) heavy stones (石头) and tools to build the pyramids. But over time, sandstorms covered it and it dried up. This hidden part of the River Nile is called “Ahramat”, which means “pyramids” in the Arabic language. It’s thought it was about 39 miles long and between 200 and 700 metres wide. Before it got covered in sand, this river was next to the pyramids built between 4,700 and 3,700 years ago. The team says discovering this lost part of the river helps explain how there are so many pyramids in such a challenging (挑战性的) desert place. It’s like solving a big puzzle (不解之谜) from long ago! 11．What mystery do scientists think they’ve solved? A．How the pyramids were built in the desert. B．How many pyramids there were in Egypt. C．When the pyramids were discovered. D．Who built the pyramids. 12．What does the word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The huge desert. B．The waterway nearby. C．The special technology. D．The Great Pyramid of Giza. 13．What was the use of the hidden part of the River Nile? A．To keep the pyramids wet. B．To water fields near the pyramids. C．To provide drinking water for pyramid builders. D．To transport stones and tools to build the pyramids. 14．What does the name “Ahramat” mean? A．River. B．Desert. C．Pyramids. D．Sandstorms. 15．What does the writer mainly want to show us in the last paragraph? A．The importance of the discovery. B．Why ancient Egyptians were clever. C．The new development of technology. D．How difficult it was to build the pyramids. 26·天津河东一模 Long ago, in ancient China, there was a story about the invention of silk. People believed that silk was first invented by Leizu, the wife of the Yellow Emperor. Leizu learned how to make cocoons (蚕茧) into soft and strong cloth. This magical cloth became known as “silk”, and it was so valuable that it was called “China’s Gold”. Following kings’ orders, the Chinese kept the secret of making silk for centuries. But then, something amazing happened! During the Han Dynasty, the brave officer Zhang Qian traveled west as far as Central Asia and brought silk there. As years passed by, silk became so important that the trade road from Europe to China got its name—the Silk Road. The Silk Road became a busy highway for traders who carried things across deserts and mountains. From China, people sold silk and tea. In return, they received treasures such as spices (香料), gold and silver from the West. At the very beginning, it was mainly about trade; then people began to share ideas, technologies and cultures. For example, Chinese inventions like papermaking were spread to the West, while new ideas about math and science came to China. Most importantly, the Silk Road helped different cultures learn from each other. Art, music and even language were shared along this ancient road. In places like the Dunhuang Grottoes (敦煌石窟) in China, you can see how art pieces combined (融合) Eastern and Western styles into something distinctive. It can not be seen anywhere else. The story of the Silk Road tells us how people from faraway lands could become friends through trade and shared ideas. Today, we remember the Silk Road as one of the greatest examples of cooperation and exchange in history. It shows us how important it is to learn about and respect each other’s traditions, and that different cultures can work together to create amazing things. 11．Who invented silk in ancient China? A．Leizu. B．The kings. C．Zhang Qian. D．The Yellow Emperor. 12．What was spread from China to the West according to paragraph 3? A．Silk and gold. B．Tea and papermaking. C．Spices and silver. D．New ideas of science. 13．What is the right order of the following facts from the passage? ① Zhang Qian traveled west with silk. ②Art and language were shared along the Silk Road. ③ Traders from China and the West exchanged things. ④The Chinese were ordered to keep the secret of making silk. A．①→④→③→② B．①→③→④→② C．④→①→③→② D．④→③→②→① 14．What does the underlined word “distinctive” mean in paragraph 4? A．Special. B．Public. C．Popular. D．Strong. 15．What does the story of the Silk Road mainly tell us? A．The change of world trade. B．The introduction of silk cloth. C．The influence of technology in history. D．The importance of cross-cultural communication. 26·天津红桥一模 Unlike what you may imagine, taking good care of a plant can be difficult, especially when it comes to how to water a plant. Many people are not sure how often or how much they need to water their plants. Even some farmers may have the same problem. Luckily, a new technology called GrowStream can help them “talk” to their plants. GrowStream is a watering system. Its tubes (管子) have special tiny holes in them. When plants need water, they will release (分泌) chemicals (化学物质) through their roots. When the holes detect (察觉) these chemicals, they will open. The plants then get water from these holes. As the plants “drink” enough water, they stop releasing these chemicals. And that “tells” the holes to close back up and stop watering. This system can help save 45 to 50 percent more water than common watering systems. It was created by a company called RDI. The company has brought the GrowStream system to many farms in South Africa. It is also testing the system in the US. It will be used to make the city greener while saving more water. “GrowStream is more than just a technology,” said Jan Gould, CEO of RDI. “We want it to ‘talk’ to people, too. It ‘says’ two things: The earth’s natural resources (资源) are limited, and we should take better care of the planet through new technology.” 11．Why is it difficult to water a plant? A．Plants need too much water. B．Watering a plant takes too much time. C．It is hard to discover whether the plant needs water. D．Some farmers don’t teach you how to water a plant. 12．How does GrowStream make sure plants “drink” enough water? A．By providing water all the time. B．By putting water into the plants’ roots. C．By releasing chemicals to help the plants “drink” enough water. D．By detecting the amount of chemicals that the plants release. 13．What does the word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Plants. B．Holes. C．Chemicals. D．Tubes. 14．What is the main advantage of this new system? A．Cheap to buy. B．Easy to use. C．Saving water. D．Saving time. 15．What does Jan Gould mean by saying the words? A．The earth is heavily polluted. B．People can talk with GrowStream. C．New technology can help save natural resources. D．We have to find more natural resources. 26·天津南开一模 Yang Chen-Ning, a physicist and Nobel Prize winner, died in Beijing on Oct 18, 2025 at the age of 103, China Daily said. He was a professor (教授) at Tsinghua University and a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. In 1957, Yang and his friend Tsung-Dao Lee (李政道) won the Nobel Prize in physics. They discovered parity non-conservation in weak interactions (弱相互作用中宇称不守恒). This finding changed how people understood symmetry (对称性) in nature. Physics shows beauty through symmetry, while life is often full of complexity (复杂性). Yang’s life showed this truth. When he was 35, Yang became the first Chinese to win the Nobel Prize. However, during the Cold War, Yang was far away from China and could not even receive the tea his father sent him. He lived between two cultures—he was “an Eastern scientist in the West” and “a Western representative (代表) of the East”. In 1971, when the US allowed travel to China again, Yang was one of the first Chinese-American (美籍华裔) scientists to return, Xinhua reported. For years, he traveled between the two countries, giving lectures and writing to introduce China to the world. In 2003, Yang moved back to Beijing and taught physics at Tsinghua University at the age of 81. He started from basic ideas like time and light speed. Yang didn’t use PowerPoint and graded homework by hand. He also helped build a world-class research center at Tsinghua. In 2015, Yang gave up his US citizenship (公民身份). He then became a Chinese member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2017. He called his home “Gui Gen Ju (归根居)”, showing that his life had come full circle. 11．When was Yang Chen-Ning born? A．In 1922. B．In 1935. C．In 1971. D．In 2025. 12．In 1957, Yang Chen-Ning and his friend Tsung-Dao Lee won ________. A．the Nobel Prize in Economics B．the Nobel Prize in Physics C．the Nobel Prize in Chemistry D．the Nobel Peace Prize 13．What did Yang NOT do after moving back to Beijing in 2003? A．Teach physics at Tsinghua University. B．Start lessons from basic physics ideas. C．Use PowerPoint to give lessons. D．Help build a world-class research center. 14．According to the passage, what does the underlined sentence “his life had come full circle” probably mean? A．Yang had become very successful. B．Yang had experienced great difficulties. C．Yang’s finding had changed people’s idea. D．Yang had returned to his motherland, China. 15．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．Yang cared little about his motherland. B．Yang had deep love for China all the time. C．Yang was afraid of going back to China. D．Yang became famous after returning to China. 26·天津和平二模 In Luleå, a city in northern Sweden (瑞典), people are asked to say “hello” to each other more often. The new campaign (活动) is called Säg hej!, meaning “say hello”. It is a simple way to connect people, but a very big step for the city. Swedish culture values privacy (隐私) and interpersonal distance (人际距离) so much that it has caused loneliness especially in Luleå where the sun only shines around three hours a day in the winter months. People usually like to stay warm at home alone. While most people believe that loneliness is the commonest among the elderly who usually live alone, the opposite is true. It is actually rising in young people and it has a bad influence on their mental (精神的) and physical health. A study about Luleå found that 45% of people aged 16—29 were experiencing problems because of loneliness. Asa Koski, who works for the city, came up with the idea of the Säg hej! campaign. “The city is developing fast and more people are coming. We don’t just want Luleå to grow to be a big city. We also want it to be a safe, friendly and happy place where there’s culture, relaxing activities, and sports,” Koski said. “Greeting people makes them feel like they belong. Research shows that it has a good effect on health and makes people want to help each other. If you say hi to your neighbors, you are more likely to help them,” Koski said. The activity is now being encouraged on buses and in schools. There are even workshops on how to greet one another. Many people agree that saying hello should be encouraged and believe that the more international the city becomes, the friendlier people will become. “It’s really good that people say hello to each other,” 61-year-old Pontus Wikström, said. “It means that people who meet without knowing each other become a little bit happier.” 11．What do we know about the people in Luleå? A．The elderly are the loneliest. B．Many young people live alone. C．The cold weather makes them lonelier. D．They keep a distance when talking to each other. 12．Koski started the campaign of Säg hej! to ________. A．encourage people to stay healthy B．invite people to travel around Luleå C．let more people know about the city D．create a better environment for people 13．Which group has the most serious loneliness problem in Luleå? A．The elderly living alone. B．Old people with families. C．Young people aged 16 - 29. D．Workers in the city. 14．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Greeting people. B．Helping each other. C．Living in the city. D．Taking part in activities. 15．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．Loneliness among the Swedish elderly B．A new campaign brings people together C．Ways to improve body health D．City development in modern Sweden 26·天津红桥二模 We have many ways to get close to nature, such as dancing in the rain, stepping on fallen leaves or digging in the soil, but my favourite is walking barefoot (赤脚). Walking barefoot can be enjoyable and helpful. It can help us sleep better and feel rested in mind and body. It can also build our foot muscles (肌肉) and improve our balance. According to Traditional Chinese Medicine, walking barefoot can be good for our health. When you want to try walking barefoot, there’s no need to hurry. At first, walking barefoot for 10 minutes can be fine. After that, add 5 minutes every day until you can walk for 20 to 30 minutes. If your feet hurt, take a break or curtail the time. Walking barefoot, however, isn’t always safe. People with health problems like flat feet or back pain should avoid this practice. What’s more, walking barefoot in cold or wet environments might cause health problems. To make walking barefoot safe, remember the following points: ※ Choose safe places, like soft grass or warm sand. ※ Stay away from things like rocks or broken glass. ※ Keep shoes at hand if you worry that your feet will get too sore. ※ Listen to your body—stop if you feel pain or discomfort. Walking barefoot is a great way to feel connected with nature, but it’s important to stay safe and consider your own health condition. 11．Which of the following is the writer’s favourite way to get close to nature? A．Dancing in the rain. B．Stepping on fallen leaves. C．Digging in the soil. D．Walking without shoes on. 12．What does the word “curtail” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Tell. B．Make. C．Reduce. D．Value. 13．According to the text, remember to ________ when you are walking barefoot. A．try a cold surface B．find a safe place C．practise on hard rocks D．walk in wet environments 14．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4? A．The advantages of walking barefoot for people’s health. B．The possible risks of walking barefoot and safety tips. C．The correct steps to start practising walking barefoot. D．The best time and places for people to walk barefoot. 15．What is the text mainly about? A．The effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine. B．The suggestions on outdoor activities. C．The information about walking barefoot. D．The introduction to health problems. 26·天津南开二模 This year marks the 41st anniversary of the milu’s return to China. For many years, the animal was known as “Pere David’s deer” because the French missionary Pere David discovered it in Beijing in 1865 and introduced it to Europe. The milu is also called “sibuxiang” (四不像) in Chinese because of its special appearance—a horse-like face, a donkey-like tail, cow-like hooves (蹄子) and stag-like antlers (雄鹿一样的角). Meng Qinghui, a researcher at the Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center, pointed out that the Chinese character “mi” appeared as early as in China’s oracle bone scripts (甲骨文). However, the population of the milu in China gradually decreased because of climate change and human activities. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, there were only a few hundred left. They were kept in the royal hunting ground (皇家狩猎场) in Beijing. In 1900, the Eight Nation Alliance invaded (入侵) Beijing, killing and taking away the remaining milu. As a result, the milu became extinct (灭绝的) in China. In 1985, China and the UK signed an agreement to bring 22 milu back to Beijing. This started a successful effort to increase their numbers in China. Since then, the milu population has grown rapidly, with over 15,000 now spread across the country. “The change in the name of milu not only shows the recognition of China’s efforts to protect the animal, but also lets the world know its origin (起源) and history,” Hu Jining, head of the exhibition department of the Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center, told the reporter. 11．________ years ago, Pere David discovered the milu in Beijing. A．22 B．40 C．161 D．1,865 12．Why is the milu called “sibuxiang” in Chinese? A．Because it went to different countries. B．Because it looks like four different animals. C．Because it was kept in the royal hunting ground. D．Because it was brought back from the UK in 1985. 13．The milu became extinct in China in 1900 because ________. A．it was hunted by people for many years B．the French missionary Pere David introduced it to Europe C．the climate changed a lot during the Ming and Qing dynasties D．the Eight Nation Alliance invaded Beijing, killing and taking away the remaining milu 14．Now, how many milu are there in China? A．About 1985. B．Over 15,000. C．No more than 1,000. D．Only a few hundred. 15．In the last paragraph, what can we infer (推断) from Hu Jining’s words? A．The milu comes from China. B．The milu does not live in China. C．China isn’t trying to protect the milu. D．The milu was spread across the world. 26·天津滨海二模 2025 was one of the warmest years in global (全球的) weather history, and the polar regions (极地) are getting hotter than ever before, according to China’s National Climate Center. Can you believe it? The Arctic (北极) and Antarctic (南极) are losing their ice homes quickly, and this is not just a faraway problem. Polar bears can’t find enough ice to hunt on, and cute penguins are losing their living places. The rising temperature is a big red flag for our whole planet, and we can’t ignore (忽视) it anymore. But don’t worry—we teenagers can make a difference! We can start with small things in daily life: turn off lights and computers when we don’t use them, ride bikes or take buses instead of cars, and plant trees with our families. We can also tell our friends and relatives about the polar warming problem, so more people join in the action. The poles are far away, but our love and efforts can reach them. Let’s work together to cool down our Earth and protect the lovely polar animals! Why is this happening? The main reason is human activity. We burn too much coal and oil for energy, which sends greenhouse gases into the air. These gases trap (锁住) heat like a thick blanket (毛毯) around the Earth, making it warmer and warmer. Cutting down too many trees also makes things worse, because trees can take in the harmful gases and cool the planet. Every small choice we make, like leaving the lights on or using plastic bags, adds up to this big problem. 11．What do we know about 2025 from the passage? A．It was the coldest year in history. B．Ice in polar regions is increasing. C．It was one of the warmest years on record. D．Polar regions are getting colder and colder. 12．What can teenagers do to help the planet? A．Use more plastic bags. B．Turn off lights when not using them. C．Cut down a lot of old trees. D．Burn too much coal and oil. 13．How do greenhouse gases make the Earth warmer? A．They trap heat like a thick blanket. B．They use too much energy. C．They produce more plastic bags. D．They cut down a lot of trees. 14．Why is cutting down trees harmful to the planet? A．Trees make harmful air and heat. B．Trees drink too much water every day. C．Trees take up land people need. D．Trees take in bad gases and cool the Earth. 15．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To teach people about trips to the poles. B．To tell how people make coal and oil today. C．To ask people to stop the Earth from getting hot. D．To show people some animals in the North and South. 26·天津河北二模 Cucumbers (黄瓜) are not just great in salads (沙拉). Some people put them in sandwiches, some like turning them into juice, and others even put them on their faces for skincare (护肤). With all these great uses, it’s hard to believe cucumbers aren’t for everyone—you might have heard cats are afraid of them. Why is that? We decided to look into it and watched some videos online. In these videos, many cats seem truly afraid of cucumbers. The videos usually show a person putting a cucumber behind cats while they are busy eating or playing. When the cats turn around and see the cucumber, their reaction (反应) can be hilarious! Some cats jump high in the air and run away like their tails are on fire. Others look at the cucumber with wide eyes as if it might jump at them. While a few cats don’t show fear (恐惧), most seem pretty cautious (谨慎的). So, what’s happening here? One thought is that cats might mistake cucumbers for snakes. To a cat, a cucumber can be a big surprise. If they see something long and green, they might think it’s dangerous. Another idea is that cats are afraid of the unknown. When something suddenly appears behind them, they might react the same way—whether it’s a cucumber, a shopping bag, or even a toy spider! While it might sound funny to surprise cats with cucumbers, experts say this isn’t a good idea. It’s not nice to make animals feel afraid. So, the next time you see a cucumber, remember that it’s best to keep it for salads and sandwiches—not as a way to surprise your pets. Just like people, your animal friends have their fears! 11．What does the word “that” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．Some people like cucumber juice. B．Cats are afraid of cucumbers. C．Cucumbers have many great uses. D．People use cucumbers for skincare. 12．What does the word “hilarious” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Funny. B．Comfortable. C．Boring. D．Sad. 13．Why do most cats feel afraid of cucumbers? ① Cucumbers look like snakes.     ② Cats dislike fresh vegetables. ③ Cucumbers smell bad for cats.     ④ Cats fear sudden strange things. A．①③ B．②④ C．②③ D．①④ 14．Which of the following may the writer agree with according to the last paragraph? A．Cats have fears. B．Animals need surprises. C．People should eat salads. D．It is nice to play with cats. 15．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To advise people to have cucumbers. B．To show people’s need for healthy eating. C．To ask people to get along with all animals. D．To tell about a funny and strange act of cats. 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $